Service Training

Self-study Programme 517

The Golf 2013 Electrical System

Design and function
 The seventh generation of the Golf, which is famous for having made this vehicle's name synonymous with all 
A-class vehicles, is once again proof that technical feasibility can, and needs to be, subject to ongoing re-
examination. Why should sophisticated driver assist systems, which make driving a vehicle such a pleasure, be
reserved for larger vehicle classes only?
Employing the modular transverse matrix MQB allows a high level of variability with regards to the combination of
vehicle technology to be achieved, regardless of the vehicle class.
This also applies for the vehicle electrical system, whose characteristics and significance within the MQB are
explained in this Self-study Programme, with the new Golf 2013 serving as an example for all models.

Due to the innumerable innovations being introduced with the Golf 2013, the electrical and electronic features are
explained in several separate Self-study Programmes, making the information clearer for you.
These are the Self-study Programmes:
- No. 516 “The Golf 2013 Driver Assist Systems”
- No. 517 “The Golf 2013 Electrical System” (this book)
- No. 518 “The Golf 2013 Infotainment – Part I”
- No. 519 “The Golf 2013 Infotainment – Part II”

The German-language display texts in the multi-function display in the dash panel insert and the
infotainment display being shown here are examples only, and do not correspond to the displays
issued in the respective national languages.

The self-study programme presents the
design and function of 
new developments!
The content will not be updated.
Current testing, setting and repair instructions can
be found in the provided service literature.
Important
note

2
Contents

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
What's new? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
The electrical system in the modular transverse matrix MQB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Data bus networking concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

The CAN bus system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Operating and display elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

The multifunction steering wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
The dash panel insert. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Other elements in the vehicle electrical system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

The fuse boxes and relay carriers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
The 12-volt on-board supply battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
The lighting system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
The front camera for driver assist systems R242 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
The reversing camera R189 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Assistance systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

The optical parking system OPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Traffic sign detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Security functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42

The immobilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
The component protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

List of abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44

3
 Introduction

What’s new?
Following the platform strategy and module strategy,
the modular transverse matrix (MQB) equipment
concept represents the third revolutionary innovation
in the volume production of cars.
The platform strategy allowed components and
vehicle systems to be used in all models within one
vehicle class. Key concepts in this new approach were
the “reduction of the diversity of components” and
“complexity management”.
The modular strategy used the same approach to go
one step further, allowing components and vehicle
systems to be used for similar vehicle classes.
At the same time, customers will find that the
variability of the individual equipment features when
purchasing a vehicle has been retained. It has even
seen an increase in customer awareness, because the
new technology is available across all vehicle classes
and has become more affordable. This would, for
instance, make it possible to implement the City
Emergency Brake, which will later be part of the
modular longitudinal matrix (MLB), in all vehicles
from the Up! (A00 class) to the Phaeton (D class) using
identical system components.

As the logical step to take next in this development

process, the new transverse matrix strategy is largely
eliminating the differences between the vehicle
classes, allowing the technology to be used for more
than one Group brand and be employed in different
vehicle classes and models. 
This approach will reduce the diversity of component
and system versions, which a strict separation of
models and vehicle classes makes inevitable, even
more than the previous development steps were able
s517_706
to. Planning and production, but also repair and
maintenance scopes, will be simplified – thereby
reducing the costs. One example of this is a uniform
engine installation position and assembly mounting
within one engine family.

Further information on the infotainment system and the driver assistance systems will be available in
the Self-study Programmes No. 516 “The Golf 2013 Driver Assist Systems”, 
No. 518 “The Golf 2013 – Infotainment, Part I” and 
No. 519 “The Golf 2013 – Infotainment, Part II”.

4
The electrical system in the modular transverse matrix
(MQB)
s517_711
The internal diagnostic language used by the control
units to communicate with each other as well as the
vehicle diagnostic tester has been standardised with
the new UDS protocol (Unified Diagnostic Services).
Previously, the vehicle diagnostic tester had to master
up to three different diagnostic languages in order to
query the event memory in all the control units. This
innovation is only indirectly perceivable as faster
communication between the tester and the vehicle.
The K-line, still often used for diagnosis, has now also
been dispensed with in the Golf 2013. 
The tester and the data bus diagnostic interface
(J533) now communicate via the CAN bus for
diagnosis using a correspondingly high transmission
speed. This connection allows adaptation processes to
be carried out more conveniently, and more quickly,
in the vehicle electronic system.
Even if it is difficult to visualise on-board supply
cabling and wiring harnesses as modular matrices, a
largely modular design for electrical and electronic
systems is technically viable. The approach of
assembling complex vehicle electronics with the aid of
standardised, expandable modules will ultimately
also help the workshops to locate faults and repair
vehicles. Along with the standardised electrical
components, these modules also include a structured
data bus network. Due to the numerous control units
connected to this network, the different data bus
systems are described individually on the following
pages.
The data bus diagnostic interface (J533) has also
gained new functions, e.g. controlling the component
protection.
There are no live switches in the passenger
compartment of the MQB any more. All switches and
buttons function using low control currents only. With
the aid of these control currents, electronic relays are
activated which then execute the switching processes.
This measure has allowed the cross sections of the
wires leading to the switches and buttons to be
reduced, which also saves weight.
5
 Data bus networking concept

Overview of the data bus systems used

Modern passenger vehicles must accommodate a steadily growing number of functions. Along with the classic
functions such as engine management or running gear regulation, other functions in the form of diverse driver
assistance systems and informational functions are also being added. The results in increasing complex networks in
the vehicle, through which the various electronic components in the vehicle communicate with each other. The
following diagram aims to give you a better overview of the bus systems which are being used in the Golf 2013.

s517_001
CAN CAN CAN CAN
bus bus bus bus
Powertrain Running gear Convenience Infotainment

CAN
bus
Diagnosis

LIN CAN
data bus bus
1, 2, 3, ... Extended

Legend Legend
J533 Data bus diagnostic interface Running gear CAN bus
Powertrain CAN bus Infotainment CAN bus
Diagnosis CAN bus Convenience CAN bus
Extended CAN bus LIN data bus

6
The CAN bus systems
All CAN bus systems in the Golf 2013 have a transmission speed of 500 kBit/s. 
The diagnostic interface for data bus J533 connects the individual CAN bus systems.

Powertrain CAN bus Running gear CAN bus

In order to do justice to the growing number of
control units, a number of control units which were
previously incorporated on the powertrain CAN bus
network have now been relocated to other CAN
buses (e.g. J104 and J500) in the Golf 2013.
Following the Touareg, the Golf 2013 will, for the first
time, now also have a separate running gear CAN
bus, which connects all control units relevant to the
running gear both with each other and with the
remaining vehicle network.

LIN

s517_002 s517_003

Legend Legend
E313 Selector lever J104 ABS control unit
J234 Airbag control unit J250 Electronically controlled damping control unit
J533 Data bus diagnostic interface J446 Parking aid control unit
J583 Control unit for NOx sender J492 Four-wheel drive control unit
J623 Engine control unit J500 Power steering control unit
J743 Mechatronic unit for dual clutch gearbox J533 Data bus diagnostic interface
J854 Control unit for front right belt tensioner J540 Control unit for electromechanical parking
J855 Control unit for front left belt tensioner brake
J869 Control unit for structure-borne sound J791 Park assist steering control unit
J881 Control unit for NOx sender 2 J981 Electronic stabilisation programme (ESC) control
unit

7
 Data bus networking concept

Extended CAN bus Infotainment CAN bus

Most of the control units allocated to the driver The network structure shown is only an example. 
assistance systems are combined on the extended The design of the infotainment CAN bus, in particular,
CAN bus. depends heavily on the specific communication and
entertainment electronics in the vehicle.

LIN
AFS

SF

s517_004 LVDS

MIB
s517_006

Legend Legend
J428 Adaptive cruise control unit J364 Auxiliary heater control unit
J533 Data bus diagnostic interface J412 Mobile telephone operating electronics control
J667 Output module for left headlight unit
J668 Output module for right headlight J533 Data bus diagnostic interface
J745 Control unit for cornering light and headlight J685 Display unit for front information display and
range control operating unit control unit (except R and J685
on MIB CAN)
J844 Main beam assist control unit
J685* Display unit for front information display and
R242 Front camera for driver assist systems
operating unit control unit, front information
SF Sensor fusion CAN bus display (on MIB CAN)
AFS Cornering light CAN bus J794 Control unit for information electronics
R Radio
R64 Remote control receiver for auxiliary heating
MIB CAN bus for the modular infotainment matrix
LVDS Low-voltage differential signalling

8
Convenience CAN bus
Because the number of control units has increased particularly on the convenience CAN bus, numerous systems
have been combined into separate LIN data buses. This makes it unnecessary to create any additional CAN buses.
The number of cyclical CAN messages in the respective branch (bus base load) of the convenience CAN bus could
therefore be kept within the necessary range.

Legend
G273 Interior monitoring sensor
G238 Air quality sensor
G355 Humidity sender
G384 Vehicle inclination sender
G397 Rain and light sensor
G805 Pressure sender for refrigerant circuit
H12 Alarm horn
J245 Sliding sunroof adjustment control unit
J255 Climatronic control unit
J285 Control unit in dash panel insert
LIN LIN J345 Trailer detector control unit
J362 Immobilizer control unit
J386 Driver door control unit
J387 Front passenger door control unit
J400 Wiper motor control unit
J501 Multifunction unit control unit
J518 Entry and start authorisation control unit
LIN
J519 On-board supply control unit
J527 Steering column electronics control unit
LIN J533 Data bus diagnostic interface
J764 Electronic steering column lock control unit
J926 Rear driver side door control unit
J927 Rear passenger side door control unit
V2 Fresh air blower

s517_005

There is no longer a CAN bus for the dash panel insert. The control unit in the dash panel insert J285
is now connected to the convenience CAN bus.

9
 Data bus networking concept

LIN data bus on the data bus diagnostic interface J533

Two separate LIN data buses are connected to the

data bus diagnostic interface.
LIN 1
The diagnostic interface is the LIN master for energy
management, the alternator and the multifunction LIN 2
steering wheel control unit J453. s517_008

Legend
J367 Battery monitor control unit
J453 Multifunction steering wheel control unit
J533 Data bus diagnostic interface
CX1 Alternator

Diagnosis CAN bus

The diagnosis CAN bus ensures fast communication
between the external vehicle diagnostic tester and the
electronic vehicle systems using the data bus
diagnostic interface J533. 
There is no K line, as is used in some other vehicles. 
Depending on the vehicle diagnostic tester, the data b
bus diagnostic interface can be connected either the
usual way using a cable to the vehicle diagnostic
connector or wirelessly. The diagnostic connection in
the vehicle is found in the left footwell, below the
relay and fuse carrier.
a d

c s517_020

Legend
J533 Data bus diagnostic interface
a Vehicle diagnostic connection
b Diagnosis cable
c Connection adapter for wireless connection
d Suitable diagnostic unit

10
CAN bus sub-networks
The increased number of control units now makes it necessary to configure individual areas of a CAN bus network
as independent sub-networks, subordinate to the respective data bus. 
This reduces the flow of data on the higher-level data bus and makes fast data transmission, involving only the
relevant control units, easier.

Cornering light CAN bus

The cornering light CAN bus AFS (Advanced Front

Lighting System) is a separate network which is
subordinate to the extended CAN bus. 
It is connected to the extended CAN bus via the
control unit for cornering light and headlight range
control J745. The extended CAN bus is also used for
communicating routine headlight system control
AFS
processes to the external control units which are
required, for example, for implementing the dynamic
CAN bus
light assist function.
Extended
s517_018
Legend
J667 Output module for left headlight
J668 Output module for right headlight
J745 Control unit for cornering light and headlight
range control
AFS Cornering light CAN bus

Sensor fusion CAN bus

The sensor fusion (SF) CAN bus is also a subordinate

sub-network within the extended CAN bus. The front
camera for driver assist systems R242 communicates
directly with the adaptive cruise control unit J428
using the SF CAN bus to ensure fast and fault-free
SF data transmission. The J428 and the camera R242
are also connected directly to the extended CAN bus.

CAN bus
Extended
s517_019

Legend
J428 Adaptive cruise control unit
R242 Front camera for driver assist systems
SF Sensor fusion CAN bus

11
 Operating and display elements

The multifunction steering wheel

Depending on the equipment version in the vehicle,
the optional multifunction steering wheel is available
in three versions for the market launch of the Golf
2013:
- the multifunction steering wheel with audio, multi-
function display (MFD) and telephone operation
- the multifunction steering wheel with audio, MFD,
telephone and CCS/speed limiter operation
- the multifunction steering wheel with audio, MFD,
telephone, ACC/speed limiter operation
If no multifunction steering wheel is installed in the
vehicle, then the functions which are available can be
operated using the left and right-hand steering
column switches.
If the vehicle is equipped with a dual
clutch gearbox (DSG), then paddle
levers are installed on the multifunction
steering wheel.

Networking concept

s517_058

Master

Legend
F350 Coil connector
J453 Multifunction steering wheel control unit
J527 Steering column electronics control unit
J533 Data bus diagnostic interface

A new feature of the Golf 2013 is the inclusion of the multifunction steering wheel in a network. While the
multifunction steering wheel control unit J453 was previously a LIN slave to the steering column electronics control
unit J527, it is now connected directly to the diagnostic interface for data bus J533 as a LIN slave. As is visible in
the network, the signals from the multifunction steering wheel are, as previously the case, transmitted via the coil
connectors and the steering column electronics control unit, but for wiring reasons only. They do not have any
effect on functions there.

12
The multifunction steering wheel with 
audio, MFD and telephone operation
The entry-level version of the multifunction steering wheel provides operating units for audio, the multi-function
display and telephone. If this multifunction steering wheel has been installed, the corresponding steering column
lever switches are not required.

s517_011
The buttons for controlling the audio output are The buttons for controlling the multi-function display
located on the left-hand spoke of the steering wheel in the dash panel insert and the telephone are
and provide the following functions. located the right-hand spoke of the steering wheel.

Accept telephone call 

Increase volume Open telephone menu
Decrease volume Activate voice control
One step back  Go to previous entry
(to the previous station, previous music track)
One step forward  Go to next entry
(to the next station, next music track)
Middle button, no symbol:  Display previous menu
muting (audio off)
Display next menu

OK button (confirm selection)

13
 Operating and display elements

The multifunction steering wheel with 

CCS and speed limiter operation
This version of the multifunction steering wheel accommodates the operating elements for the cruise control system
(CCS) and the speed limiter in the left-hand operating panel.

s517_029
The buttons for controlling the cruise control system The buttons for controlling the multi-function display
are located on the left-hand spoke of the steering in the dash panel insert and the telephone are
wheel and provide the following functions. located on the right-hand spoke of the steering wheel.

Res = Resume  Accept telephone call 

Return to the set speed following a break Open telephone menu
Activate voice control 
Set speed Muting on/off

Activate CCS Go to previous entry

Select mode: switch between CCS and Go to next entry

speed limiter

Reduce speed Display previous menu

Increase speed Display next menu

Cancel/Esc (cancel selection/quit) OK button (confirm selection)

One step forward 

Reduce volume (to the next station, next music track)

Increase volume One step back 

(to the next station, next music track)

14
The multifunction steering wheel with 
ACC and speed limiter operation
On this version of the multifunction steering wheel, the controls for the ACC system (Adaptive Cruise Control) are
also housed in the left-hand control panel, in addition to the speed limiter.

s517_013
The buttons for controlling the speed limiter and The buttons for controlling the multi-function display
adaptive cruise control are located on the left-hand in the dash panel insert and the telephone are
spoke of the steering wheel and provide the functions. located on the right-hand spoke of the steering wheel.

Res = Resume  Accept telephone call 

Return to the set speed following a break Open telephone menu
Activate voice control 
Set speed Muting on/off

Activate ACC Go to previous entry

Mode selection: switch between ACC  Go to next entry

and speed limiter

Reduce speed/distance Display previous menu

Increase speed/distance Display next menu

Distance settings OK button (confirm selection)

One step back 

Reduce volume (to the next station, next music track)

Increase volume One step forward 

(to the next station, next music track)

15
 Operating and display elements

Dash panel insert

Depending on the vehicle equipment, the Golf 2013 is available with three different dash panel inserts:
- Dash panel insert with multi-function display (MFD).
- Dash panel insert with MFD Plus.
- Dash panel insert with MFD Premium.
All three inserts, MFD, MFD Plus and MFD Premium, feature the option of displaying the new ‘Eco tips’ information
function.

The dash panel inserts with a multi-function display are display units only. 
With the exception of displaying the activation of the driver assist systems, the chosen settings are
displayed in the display and control unit of the infotainment system (display unit for front information
display and operating unit control unit J685).

Diverse indicator lamps and symbols have been

s517_059
removed from the dash panel insert in the Golf 2013
to make communication with the driver clearer.

Instead, they are combined in a display which

compiles the faults, showing them in plain text in the
multi-function display. Examples are the windscreen Check left brake
washer system, the bulb failure display, the charge light/tail light!

indicator and the low coolant display.

Combined fault display in the dash panel insert

16
Dash panel insert with multi-function display (MFD)
This dash panel insert features a black & white segment display with a maximum of 480 segments for display. 
A loudspeaker for issuing warning signals is integrated into the dash panel insert. The time can be set, or the trip
recorder can be reset, using a setting knob.

s517_014

Displayable functions and characteristics

- Instrument faces, flat (2D) - Selected range, gear change display
- Analogue display, rpm - On-board computer with efficiency display
- Analogue display, coolant temperature - Outside temperature, ice warning
- Analogue display, speed - Cruise control system display
- Analogue display, fuel reserve - Speed limiter display
- Multifunction display - Speed warning
- Time, total mileage, trip mileage - Warning and indicator lamps
- Vehicle warning messages as text in 16 languages

17
 Operating and display elements

Dash panel insert with MFD Plus

This dash panel insert features a black & white TFT display with a 320 x 240 pixel dot matrix, as a multi-function
display. 
A loudspeaker for issuing warning signals and the knob for setting the time or for resetting the trip recorder have
been integrated the same way as in the dash panel insert with MFD. Its enhanced display options in comparison to
the dash panel insert with MFD is a prerequisite for the installation of different higher-level equipment features,
such as the driver assistance systems.

s517_015

Additional displayable functions and characteristics

- Instrument faces, 3D
- Date display
- Vehicle warning messages as symbols and as text
in 24 languages
- Display of additional driver assistance systems
(e.g. adaptive cruise control ACC or Front Assist)
- Navigation guidance
- Telephone lists
- Radio station lists

18
Dash panel insert with MFD Premium
This dash panel insert features a colour TFT display, with a 320 x 240 pixel dot matrix. 
It can display 256 colours or greyscale.

Other functions which can be displayed

s517_016
The multi-function display Premium can also display
much more sophisticated animated transition of
images, such as those required for lane
recommendations by the navigation system, than the
multifunction display Plus.

Eco tips
Eco tips are text information for the driver concerning the vehicle being driven as most economically as possible.
They appear in the multi-function display of the dash panel insert.

The diagnostic interface for data bus monitors various
vehicle signals in the entire CAN bus network. On the
basis of these signals, the diagnostic interface
evaluates the operating state for potential
improvements to achieve a more economic driving
style. 
Text messages stored in the diagnostic interface
inform the driver of ways to improve the current
vehicle performance. 
For example, when a certain speed is exceeded, the
driver is alerted to the need to close an open window
or to switch off the air conditioning system when the
window is open.
Examples of Eco tips which appear in the
multifunction display:
- Aerodyn. drag: Close window and sliding sunroof
- When braking, do not disengage clutch till below
1300 rpm
- Do not depress accelerator while starting engine
- Do not depress accelerator while stationary
- Follow gear change indicator
- Activate start-stop system
- Air conditioning system on: Close windows and
sunroof
- Move selector lever to position D
- Avoid running the engine while stationary

19
 Other elements in the vehicle electrical system

Fuse boxes and relay locations in the electrical system

• The battery is located on the left in the engine

compartment. Electrolyte level indicator

The following batteries are available with

equipment versions without Start/Stop:
- Lead-acid battery 44Ah/220A (H4 size)
Battery
- Lead-acid battery 51Ah/280A (H4 size)
- Lead-acid battery 60Ah/280A (H5 size)
- Lead-acid battery 61Ah/330A (H5 size)
- Lead-acid battery 72Ah/380A (H6 size)

The following batteries are available with

equipment versions with Start/Stop:
- EFB* 59Ah/320A (H5 size)
- EFB* 69Ah/360A (H6 size)
- AGM** battery 68Ah/380A (H6 size)

The AGM** battery 68Ah/380A (H6 size) is

always installed in vehicles which feature auxiliary
heating.

All lead-acid batteries and EFB* feature an

electrolyte level indicator.

• Alternator, on the right in the engine

compartment. Depending on the equipment
installed, alternators with an output of 110A,
140A and 180A are installed.

* EFB: Enhanced Flooded Battery

** AGM: Absorbent Glass Mat Battery
Alternator

20
Fuse box in the passenger compartment

On-board supply control unit

• Fuse box is on the driver's side of the

passenger compartment. 
The onboard supply control unit J519
is located at the side of the fuse
carrier.

s517_046

• Fuse box in the engine compartment

in front of the battery, with Multifuse.

Multifuse

Fuse box in the engine

compartment

21
 Other elements in the vehicle electrical system

The 12-volt on-board supply battery

Along with conventional lead-acid batteries, two other types of battery are used in the Golf 2013, depending on
the equipment installed:
- the enhanced flooded battery (EFB battery) and
- the absorbent glass mat battery (AGM battery)

EFB-battery AGM-battery

s517_047 s517_049

An EFB (enhance flooded battery) is an improved wet In an AGM battery (absorbent glass mat battery), the
battery. The positive plate inside the battery is coated electrolyte is bound in a microglass mat. Along with
with an additional polyester fabric. This gives the an even higher cycle resistance compared to the EFB,
active battery mass additional grip on the plate. The an AGM battery is characterised by its higher level of
cycle resistance of these batteries is greater than that leak protection.
of lead-acid batteries. The use of passive mixing
elements in the battery allows a better electrolyte
circulation and therefore layer resistance to be
achieved.

When charging, the EFB battery is Observe the operating manual for the
treated the same way as a standard charger when charging the battery, and
battery. set correctly for AGM batteries, if
necessary.

22
Comparison of the standard on-board supply battery, EFB battery and AGM battery

Battery type Standard EFB AGM

Properties battery

Cycle life normal higher than a higher than EFB

standard battery

Leak protection in the event of damage to housing not provided not provided very high

Cold-start properties good good good

Self-discharge normal normal normal

Deep discharge resistance good good good

Temperature stability  good good lower than a

at high ambient temperatures standard battery

Layer resistance normal higher than a higher than EFB

standard battery

What does layer resistance mean?

Severe discharging, for example, or other external factors can cause different acid concentrations to occur at
points within the battery. Their varying weight can cause the molecules to be deposited in layers, which can have a
negative effect on the battery performance.

What does cycle resistance mean?

The cycle resistance describes the number of current discharge and charging processes possible before the
battery's performance criteria are no longer met.

You can find further information on batteries in Self-study Programme no. 504 “Vehicle Batteries”.

23
 Other elements in the vehicle electrical system

The lighting system

The headlights
There are three different versions of the headlights available for the Golf 2013:
- Halogen headlights
- Bi-xenon headlights
- Bi-xenon headlights with dynamic cornering light (AFS)
- Bi-xenon with dynamic light assist (DLA)

Halogen headlights

Dipped beam H7 (55 W)

High beam headlight, daytime
running light, parking light H15
(55 W/15 W)

s517_021

Turn signal PWY24W (24 W)

Externally, the halogen headlight differs considerably from the three other headlight versions due to the appearance of the
dipped beam and parking lights.

Technical features
The Golf 2013 features a warning lamp monitoring on the rear axle. If the vehicle features running gear
function for all conventional versions of the headlights with adaptive chassis control (dynamic cruise control,
and the tail light clusters. It uses the dash panel insert DCC), the electronically controlled damping control
as well as the “vehicle menu” in the infotainment unit J250 makes the information from its sensors
display to indicate any defective lamps to the driver. available for headlight range control via CAN bus.
The inclination sensor on the rear axle is not installed
The halogen headlights are equipped with manual in this case.
headlight range control, which can be adjusted using
a potentiometer on the rotary light switch. On all
other versions of the headlights, dynamic headlight
range control is installed. 
Dynamic headlight range control operates using a
inclination sensor (G384 vehicle inclination sender)

24
Bi-xenon headlights

Static cornering light Dipped beam light, high beam 

H7 (55 W) D3S (35 W)
Daytime running light, parking light
PW24W dimmed for parking light
function

s517_022

Turn signal H21WU (21 W)

The external distinguishing feature of the two bi-xenon headlights without dynamic cornering light (AFS) is the U-shaped trim
with a chrome look for the xenon bulb, dipped beam and parking light.

Technical features
Each bi-xenon headlight features a D3S xenon bulb
with 42 V and 35 W. The static cornering light is
integrated into the headlight. 
The lamp for the daytime running light/parking light is
a PW24 W bulb, which is energised to its maximum
for the daytime running light and is dimmed for the
parking light. 
The U-shaped trim around the xenon bulbs and the
daytime running/parking light bulb have a chrome
look.

25
 Other elements in the vehicle electrical system

Bi-xenon headlights with dynamic cornering light (AFS)

Static cornering light Dipped beam light, high beam 

H7 (55 W) D3S (35 W)

Parking light
LED

s517_043

Turn signal H21WU (21 W) Daytime running light

18 LEDs

The U-shaped transparent plastic trim around the parking light bulb have the same transparent look as the LED chain for the
daytime running light when it is switched off.

Technical features
The bi-xenon headlight with dynamic cornering light
(AFS, Advanced Frontlighting System) features a
daytime running light in a continuous U-shaped chain
of 18 LEDs around the D3S xenon bulb. 
The brightness of the LEDs is regulated according to
the function being used (daytime running light or
dipped beam).
The LED unit has been designed so that the entire LED
chain is switched off in the unlikely event than one of
the LEDs fails. 
The power consumed by the LED chain when the
driving lights are on totals approx. 4.4 watts (dimmed
activation) and approx. 8.5 watts when the daytime
running lights are on.

26
Bi-xenon with dynamic light assist (DLA)
Static cornering light
H7 (55 W)
Parking light
LED
Turn signal H21WU (21 W)
The bi-xenon headlight with dynamic light assist also features 
U-shaped parking and dipped beam headlight trim of transparent plastic.
Technical features
The dynamic light assist (DLA) incorporates the
dynamic cornering light (AFS) and dynamic main
beam control (MDF) functions. 
The layout of the bulbs and the appearance of the bi-
xenon headlight with advanced frontlighting system
(AFS) and dynamic main beam control (MDF) is the
same as that of the bi-xenon headlight with AFS.
Dipped beam light, high beam 
D3S (35 W)
s517_023
Daytime running light 
18 LEDs
The design of the inside of this bi-xenon headlight is,
however, different. It features a group of individually
moveable screens which can be swivelled into the
light cone cast by the main beam lamp. 
The dynamic main beam control function, that is, the
partial masking of certain areas of illumination, is
implemented through a combination of the screens
and the horizontal adjustment of the module.
27
 Other elements in the vehicle electrical system

Rear lights

Tail light, brake light Tail light 

W21W W5W

s517_026

Turn signal Reversing light (both sides) Rear fog lamp (one side) 
WY21W W16W (16 W) H21W (21 W)

Technical features
The tail light clusters (tail, brake and turn indicator
lights as well as reflectors) are designed with
conventional bulbs.
The two lens areas for the tail and brake lights in the
fixed lighting element, as well as for the tail light in
the rear lid element, are each illuminated by a single
bulb.
The high-level brake light is designed with LED
technology and features 16 LEDs. When the luggage
compartment is opened, the lights housed in the rear
lid are switched off. The high-level brake light, in
contrast, continues to illuminate.

28
The ambient interior lighting

Illuminated Illuminated interior Ambient lighting is available for the first time in an A-
decorative strip door handles class vehicle with the Golf 2013. It creates pleasant
lighting conditions.

There is additional, white LED lighting to improve

orientation in the vehicle interior:
- on the door pullers
- on the interior door handles
- in the decorative strip in the front door trim panels
- in the footwell

s517_702

LED in the door puller for illuminating the door insert and
arm rest

s517_719
A narrow lens of clear plastic has been incorporated
under the chrome insert of the decorative strip. There
Decorative strip
is an optical fibre cable fed by an LED behind the
Chrome inserts lens. A light seal prevents stray light from escaping
Optical fibre cable through construction-related gaps or split lines.

Light seal

Lens

Light outlet

If ambient interior lighting is installed, then the two

white interior lights in the front roof module and the
rear roof module also use LED technology.

s517_050

29
 Other elements in the vehicle electrical system

The front camera for driver assist systems R242

The evaluation of the optical data of the vehicle's s517_061

surroundings, especially about events in front of the
vehicle, provides a wealth of options for the
assistance systems, such as the lane assist, adaptive
cruise control, light assist systems or the traffic sign
detection. Prerequisite is a powerful camera, which
can provide sharp images suitable for evaluation
even while driving.

The front camera on the inside of the windscreen

Installation location
The front camera is installed on the inside of the The front camera features a separate heating unit. 
windscreen above the rear view mirror. The camera The windscreen heater for the front sensor, Z113,
R242 is also a control unit. prevents the part of the windscreen directly in front of
The control unit not only provides the signals for the the camera from fogging up or icing over.
adaptive cruise control but is also solely responsible
for the functions main beam assist, dynamic light
assist and traffic sign detection. However, the
installation or activation of these functions is an
optional extra.

Technical features

Image size 512 x 1024 pixels

Colour bit depth 12 = 4096 grey shades 

and red filter

Sample rate 30 Hz

Vertical vision cone +/-9.5°

Horizontal vision cone +/-21°

s517_062
Pixel size 5.6 m

Temperature range -40 °C to +85 °C More detailed information on the front

camera and image evaluation can be
Power supply 9 to 16 V
found in Self-study Programme 418 “The
Lane Departure Warning System”.

30
 Function

s517_063
The front camera provides a finely graduated
greyscale image with an additional red filter to boost
the contrast. A special bimodal exposure control also
provides sharp photos of the area in front of the
vehicle, even when the vehicle is moving. Bimodal
means that the successive images are alternately
given a long and a short exposure.
To transmit signals, the camera is connected to the
adaptive cruise control unit J428 via the sensor fusion
(SF) CAN bus.
Examples of the objects detected in a camera image when
only the lane assist function is used: The complete object detection using image processing
1. Own lane (green)
and determination of an object list runs internally in
2. Adjacent lane (yellow)
3. Vehicle/object (orange) the front camera for driver assist systems R242. The
4. Distance from vehicle/object detected to lane (red) position data for objects detected, which are
5. Traffic signs (green) determined in the camera, are then transmitted to the
adaptive cruise control unit J428. The adaptive cruise
control unit compares (merges) the camera object
data with data of objects detected and generated
using radar.

The front camera can detect a variety of objects, such

as lane markers, contrasting lane boundaries, traffic
SF signs, other vehicles and, of course, sources of light
from other traffic participants, as well as general
lighting.
s517_031

Network diagram for the ACC function

Legend
J428 Adaptive cruise control unit
J533 Data bus diagnosis interface
R242 Front camera for driver assist systems
Z113 Windscreen heater for front sensor system
SF Sensor fusion CAN bus
E Extended CAN bus

31
 Other elements in the vehicle electrical system

The reversing camera R189

In order to maintain a better view of the area behind
the vehicle when parking and manoeuvring, the Golf
2013 features a reversing camera. It provides actual
video images of objects behind the vehicle.

Installation location
The reversing camera is concealed behind the hinged
VW emblem in the rear lid. When the reverse gear is
engaged, the VW emblem opens and the video
signal from the camera is transmitted to the display
unit.

s517_033

Technical features

Image size 640 x 492 pixels

Focal length 2.8

Photosensitivity 1.5 lux

Horizontal coverage 132° aperture

Vertical coverage 108° aperture

Temperature range -40 °C to +90 °C

Power supply 12 V

Power consumption max. 40 mA s517_032

32
 Function
The reversing camera is connected to the information
CAN-Datenbus electronics control unit directly via a video cable
Antrieb
(CVBS). The VW emblem opens and the reversing
camera is activated only when the reverse gear is
s517_034 engaged. This simultaneously triggers the
transmission of signals to the information electronics
control unit. Due to the short focal length and its
CAN-Datenbus resulting wide viewing angle, the entire area at the
Infotainment
rear of the vehicle can be captured by the camera at
CAN-Datenbus once.
Komfort

FBAS

LVDS
MIB
Legend
J217 Automatic gearbox control unit
J533 Data bus diagnosis interface
J519 On-board supply control unit
The acquired images are received by the information
J685 Windscreen heater for front sensor system
electronics control unit and can be displayed in the
J794 Control unit for information electronics
colour display in the infotainment system in real time.
F4 Reversing light switch
M16 Left reversing light bulb
The video image is not visually processed or corrected
M17 Right reversing light bulb
by the information electronics control unit. The static
R189 Reversing camera
help lines which overlay the image of the
FBAS Colour video blanking signal
surroundings help to make estimating distances
LVDS Low-voltage differential signalling
easier. They are added to the video image by the
MIB MIB CAN bus
reversing camera and are transmitted to the display
in this form. The camera does not need calibration.

More detailed information on the reversing camera can be found in Self-study Programme 407 
“The Reversing Camera System”.

33
 Assistance systems

The optical parking system OPS

The 360° OPS is available as an option in the Golf 2013 as an alternative to the familiar optical parking system
(OPS). The newest generation of park assist steering, PLA 2.0, is a prerequisite for the 360° optical parking system.

The 360° OPS is strictly a software function which uses the park assist steering sensors. It incorporates more sensors
from the parking distance control (PDC) or the park assist steering (PAS) into its display of the surroundings than
with the previous optical parking system. That system displayed only the rear and/or front detection range of the
vehicle. To do so, it used, for example, four PDC sensors at the rear and four or six PDC sensors at the front,
depending on the system installed. The 360° OPS, in contrast, uses all front and rear sensors.

In addition to the information identified by the PDC itself, additional information from other vehicle systems need to
be utilised in for a 360-degree display of the entire surrounding area.

Networking concept
s517_060

Legend
J104 ABS control unit
J345 Trailer detector control unit
J446 Parking aid control unit
J519 On-board supply control unit
J533 Data bus diagnostic interface
J743 Mechatronic unit for dual clutch gearbox
J791 Park assist steering control unit
J794 Control unit 1 for information electronics

34
 Function
The 360° OPS is able to monitor and display the sides
of the vehicle, in addition to the front and rear areas. 
The system is activated and deactivated:
- by using the parking aid button E266 or
- by engaging the reverse gear or
- when rolling backwards or
- when the system detects an obstacle in the front
area when travelling at less than 10km/h, for
example, when driving slowly into a garage.
Check the roadway!
s517_720

The display of the side areas is not based on the

values measured by the outer PDC sensors alone,
because their detection range does not directly cover
the vehicle sides. In addition to the signals about
potential obstacles detected and stored when driving
forwards or reversing, the signals from the steering
angle sensor system (steering angle) and the ABS
system (distance) are factored into the calculation.
s517_035

If contact or a collision is imminent in the area not directly covered, for example due to an overly tight turning
radius, then a corresponding warning is issued. The OPS image is overlaid with a probable course in the form of a
semi-transparent yellow vehicle path, if the infotainment system supports this function, showing the driver the
anticipated direction of the vehicle.

If a door is opened in parking mode, then the entire side section is deactivated. The control unit cannot determine
the distance between the door and a potential obstacle, as the opening angle of the door cannot be ascertained. If
just one parking sensor fails, the entire respective area to the front, rear or side is deactivated. A yellow
exclamation mark appears over the area concerned.

35
 Assistance systems
Example of the functional sequence
s517_053
Expressed simply, the monitoring of the vehicle sides
can be described as follows: the vehicle’s PDC or PAS
system identifies the situation and constraints on both
sides of the vehicle’s path when driving past,
searching for potential parking spots or obstacles.
This data is saved for the last 15 metres driven.
The vehicle must always have travelled at least the
distance between the two inner PAS/PDC sensors
after the ignition was switched on for all sectors
around the vehicle to be displayed (sequential display
of the side sectors).
36
s517_054
If, for example, a potential parking space is identified
and the driver wishes to park there, aided only by the
PDC system (no park assist steering function), then
after engaging the reverse gear, the data set for the
last 15 metres is activated. To compensate for the lack
of information about the areas between the A and C
pillars, which cannot be sensed, the PDC system or the
OPS programme uses additional signals, such as the
distance driven recorded by the ABS control unit and
the steering angle recorded by the power steering
control unit.
 The PDC or OPS system in the Golf 2013 has been
designed to monitor the front area continually at
speeds below 10 - 15 km/h. If the conditions listed
below are met, it will be activated. If the vehicle
approaches an obstacle in front, coming within a
distance 95 cm or less at a speed of 10 km/h or
lower, the OPS or 360° OPS system is automatically
activated and the hazard situation appears on the
display screen.
At a distance of less than 50 cm, an acoustic warning
is sounded as well. The parking aid button E266 does
not need to be pressed. At a speed of 15 km/h or
greater, the 360° OPS system deactivates itself
automatically.

s517_055

If, on the basis of the steering angle, the PDC system

identifies the potential for a collision with a possible
obstacle in the area not currently monitored by
sensors, then a warning is issued as would be for
areas monitored directly. This is displayed in the
infotainment system display by the OPS system and is
reinforced by an acoustic warning.

37
 Assistance systems

Traffic sign detection TSD

Traffic sign detection is an additional function of the s517_036
front camera for driver assist systems R242. Traffic
signs, such as speed limits or no overtaking signs, are
identified and evaluated using the front camera, and
compared with existing information in the navigation
system. Up to three traffic signs which have been
detected or stored can be shown in the multi-function
display of the dash panel insert and the navigation
display.

The multifunction camera, if installed, is always the

master and therefore always controls the traffic sign
display.

System limitations
Because the traffic sign detection is an optical system,
it remains limited in its capacity to detect objects, such
as dirt and glare.

Traffic signs may also feature additional signs.

Because additional signs do not have a standardised
layout, such as signs indicating regulations, detection
is only possible to a limited extent. Additional signs
such as “towing a trailer” or “flooding” are detected.  s517_037
In addition, other signals, such as those from the rain
sensor or trailer detection, are considered. If, for
example, the system detects a regular speed limit of Traffic signs with additional signs
100 km/h as well as a second speed limit of 60 km/h
when wet, and the rain sensor is reporting rain, then the 60 km/h limitation, which has priority, is shown at the far
left of the multi-function display in the dash panel.

To ensure traffic signs are identified correctly, they must conform with the applicable European
standard for traffic signs.

38
 Function
The images from the camera are evaluated in the
front camera for driver assist systems R242. The
camera checks whether there are areas in the video
image which are similar to the traffic signs stored in
the system. A plausibility check then determines
whether the identified traffic sign is logical for the
situation. To do this, both the traffic signs recorded by
the camera as well as the regulations, road classes
and course of the road are factored in.

If the traffic sign identified by the camera coincides

with the speed limit recorded in the navigation system
database, following a plausibility check, an image of
the traffic sign concerned is displayed in the dash
panel insert and the infotainment system.
An identified, plausible and relevant traffic sign is
valid and remains so until a new calculation or
plausibility check is required due to another traffic
sign being detected by the camera or a change in the
regulation in the navigational database.

s517_041

Schematic illustration of the verification mechanisms used

for traffic sign detection

Traffic sign detection is strictly a system to improve driving convenience. 

The legal responsibility for observing and complying with regulations and prohibitions in traffic
remains with the driver alone.

39
 Assistance systems

Examples of traffic sign detection

In the event that the optically identified traffic signs do

not match the ones from the navigational database,
then the plausibility check by the camera control unit
becomes particularly important.

For example, the navigational database provides the

information that the road currently being used is a
country road with a speed limit of 100 km/h. Due to
road construction and an additional speed limit of 60
km/h for the construction zone, traffic sign detection
identifies a limit of 60 km/h, while the navigation
system does not contain any information about the
restrictions caused by the construction site.

This situation is not an unusual one in road traffic. 

The traffic sign identified, with its lower speed limit, is
considered plausible by the traffic sign detection this
situation, and is a valid regulation. 
The corresponding traffic sign is then displayed in
both in the multi-function display in the dash panel
insert and the infotainment system display.

The object detection running in the front camera is just

as important. If the camera identifies, for example, a
truck driving in front, then any speed limit signs
attached to the rear of the truck will not be considered
for the display.

s517_056

An example of traffic sign detection

40
 However, if the speed limit identified by the multi-
function camera (e.g. 100 km/h) is higher than the
one in the navigational database (e.g. 80 km/h), then
a complicated plausibility check is run which
evaluates all possible scenarios. Such a case can be
caused by an outdated navigational database, for
example.

If the vehicle is on the same class of road as

registered in the navigational database, then a higher
speed limit, for example the 100 km/h identified by
the camera, is completely plausible, because possible
road modifications now allow this traffic situation. In
this case, the outdated navigational map system data
indicating a limit of 80 km/h would then be
overridden, and the limit of 100 km/h would then
appear in both displays.

Another example in which the navigational data is

also highly relevant would be when there is a lane
parallel to the lane the vehicle is driving in. In this
case, the signs for the other lane would be ignored.

When driving on a motorway with automatic traffic

management, all speed limits detected by the camera
will be classified as plausible and will appear in both
displays.

s517_057

An example of traffic sign detection

41
 Security functions
Immobilizer
As was the case with the immobilizer IV, any
adaptations to generation V also require an online
connection.
In contrast to the fourth generation immobilizer,
whereby the technician had to decide which
adaptations would be made to which components of
the immobilizer and in which order, the fifth
generation uses the FAZIT database (vehicle
information and central information tool) for
immobilizer management.
This single-button automatic system used for adapting
the immobilizer therefore replaces the entire previous
decision-making options. The new generation allows
all required data (identification and status data) to be
read out of the immobilizer components by the tester
and to be sent as an encrypted package to the FAZIT
database. This performs an analysis of the vehicle
immobilizer components.
The following control units are part of the immobilizer:
s517_039
42
FAZIT uses this evaluation as a basis to decide which
components need adapting or replacement. If several
components are affected, FAZIT also determines the
order in which the work is to be carried out.
A feature of the fifth immobilizer generation is that all
components of the immobilizer, including used
components from other vehicles, can be adapted
individually as long as they are authorised parts. One
exception is the programming of a new identity, e.g.
when a new lock set is ordered. In this case, all
components in the vehicle must either already be
known, or all components must be completely new.
A new participant in the immobilizer is the
mechatronic unit for the dual clutch gearbox J743.
Legend
J362 Immobilizer control unit
J533 Data bus diagnosis interface
J623 Engine control unit
J743 Mechatronic unit for dual clutch gearbox
J764 Control unit for electronic steering column lock
Powertrain CAN bus
Convenience CAN bus
Extended CAN bus
Infotainment CAN bus
Component protection
The Golf 2013 features component protection for a If it is determined that a known constellation of
variety of control units.  devices is working in the same way as during the last
This is designed to prevent any unauthorised driving cycle, then the control units are enabled for
replacement of components. regular functions.
The component protection master used is the data bus
diagnostic interface J533. If this is not the case for a control unit, then the
Following replacement, control units with component component protection is activated in this control unit,
protection must be enabled online by FAZIT, or the which has an impact on its function.
control unit will be restricted in function or will not
work at all.
A component protection comparison is usually per-
formed by the diagnostic interface for every terminal
15-ON cycle, and the validity of the installation is
checked. 

The following control units are governed by component protection:

Legend
J234 Airbag control unit
J285 Control unit in dash panel insert
J428 Adaptive cruise control unit
J519 On-board power supply control unit
Master J533 Data bus diagnosis interface
J685 Display unit for front information display and
operating unit control unit
J794 Control unit 1 for information electronics
R Radio
Powertrain CAN bus
Convenience CAN bus
Extended CAN bus
s517_045 Infotainment CAN bus
* with series displays only

Carrying out a quick check of the basic functional capability of a component protection control unit
can be done by swapping them over, as long as the control unit is a terminal 30 control unit.
However, to do this, the ignition must not be switched on, as the data bus diagnostic interface will
otherwise be queried about the component protection.

43
 List of abbreviations

ABS
(Anti-lock braking system) 
Traction control system which prevents the wheels from locking when braking.

ACC
(Adaptive Cruise Control) 
Initialism for the automatic adaptive cruise control.

AFS
(Advanced Frontlighting System) 
Initialism for the cornering light CAN bus.

AGM
(Absorbent Glass Mat) 
Initialism for a type of battery in which the electrolyte is absorbed in a microglass fibre mat.

CAN
(Controller Area Network) 
Standardised, digital two-wire data network used in vehicle electronics.

DLA
(Dynamic Light Assist) 
Initialism for an assistance system for controlling the light cone from the headlights, for example to prevent
dazzling approaching traffic when the main beam headlights are being used.

EFB
(Enhanced Flooded Battery) 
Initialism for the improved form of a wet battery.

CVBS
(Colour-video-blanking-signal) 
A signal standard for transmitting colour video images.

44
FLA
(Main beam assist) 
Assistance system which supports the driver when changing from main beam to low beam headlights, in
order to prevent dazzling other road users.

CCS
(Cruise Control System) 
Initialism for an assistance system for fixing or limiting the driving speed.

LA
(Lane Assist, Lane Departure Warning) 
Driver assistance system which draws the driver's attention to any departure from a lane and which
compensates minor deviations within the scope of the system limits.

LED
(Light Emitting Diode) 
Energy-saving lamp system in which one or more light-emitting diodes are connected to form a source of
light.

LIN
(Local Interconnect Network) 
Serial single-wire data network, which is used to connect electronic components to higher-level control units.

LVDS
(Low Voltage Differential Signalling) 
Interface standard for high-speed data transmission.

MFA
(Multifunction Display) 
Initialism for the display in the dash panel insert.

MIB
(Modular Infotainment System) 
Designation for a cross-brand and cross-model modular system for the infotainment components in a
vehicle.

45
 List of abbreviations

MQB
(Modular Transverse Matrix) 
Designation for a cross-brand and cross-model modular system in vehicle development and production.

NOx
(Nitrogen Oxide) 
Group of various gaseous oxides of nitrogen (NO, NO2, N2O, N2O3, N2O4, N2O5).

OPS
(Optical Parking System) 
Assistance system which indicates to the driver potential obstacles near the vehicle by showing them in the
infotainment system display.

PDC
(Park Distance Control) 
Parking aid which uses ultrasonic and radar sensors to monitor the area around the vehicle for potential obstacles.

SF
(Sensor Fusion) 
Special designation for a lower-level network in the extended CAN bus.

TFT
(Thin Film Transistor) 
Initialism for a flat screen with a transistor display matrix.

TSD
(Traffic Sign Detection) 
Optical driver assistance system which alerts the drivers to speed limits, for example, or overtaking prohibited
signs, as well as their rescission.

46
47
 517

© VOLKSWAGEN AG, Wolfsburg

All rights reserved. Subject to technical modifications.
000.2812.74.20 Technical status 12/2012

Volkswagen AG
After Sales Qualifizierung
Service Training VSQ/2
Brieffach 1995
D-38436 Wolfsburg

❀ This paper was manufactured using pulp bleached without the use of chlorine.