Rapid EV Chargers: Implementation of a Charger

Scope, Schedule and Budget for research

Scope of research

The uptake of electric vehicles (EV) in Malaysia is rapidly increasing and there is a desire for
information about charging systems. This research project is required by consumers, engineers,
and businesses interested in installing charging infrastructure.

An electric vehicle, also called an EV, uses one or more electric motors or traction motors to use
as a prime mover. An electric vehicle may be powered through a collector system by electricity
from off-vehicle sources, or may be self-contained with a battery, solar panels or an electric
generator to convert fuel to electricity EVs include, but are not limited to, road and rail vehicles,
surface and underwater vessels, electric aircraft and electric spacecraft.

EVs first came into existence in the mid-19th century, when electricity was among the preferred
methods for motor vehicle propulsion, providing a level of comfort and ease of operation that
could not be achieved by the gasoline cars of the time. Modern internal combustion engines
have been the dominant propulsion method for motor vehicles for almost 100 years, but
electric power has remained commonplace in other vehicle types, such as trains and smaller
vehicles of all types.

When the EVs is introduced, the most debilitating thing is the situation where the battery
charging time is felt longer than the duration of running time of the electric vehicle. This
situation has resulted in the development of electric vehicles becoming stagnant, because
many people feel uncomfortable with such conditions.

Battery with a new technology has been found which is characterized by high energy density
and high charging and discharging currents. The situation is believed to be experiencing such
rapid development of electric vehicles. Battery charging time which previously takes 7 to 8
hours, can now be accelerated to 1 hour or even several minutes.
Two types of charging system which are: AC and DC charging can be serve to charge the EVs as
shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1: Three types of EV car

AC charging systems can be applied to all EVs car but for DC charging is applied to a special EV
car. AC charging system is divided into two levels. Level 1 uses 120 V ac and can be operated up
to 1.4 kW. Level 2 uses 240 V ac and can supply power up to 19.2 kW. The uses of level 2 AC
Charging system can reduce the time consume for charging the EV battery. In this research
project it will be developed a rapid EV Chargers which is follow the level two charging systems.
It will provide a deeply knowledge regarding the level 2 AC Charging systems for researchers,
engineers and companies which will contribute to speedup growing of EV car in Malaysia.

Generally, research activities will be conducted to overcome the objectives as stated above.
The research activities can be listed as follows:
 1. Build a model of EV car which will be used as an object for charging step. Using this
model, it will be evaluated the time required during the charging step.
2. Charging station which will provide a large current or power required. With the research
on this matter, it is expected that battery charging time will be faster and consequently,
the required time can be reduced significantly.

Estimated time/Schedule and Budget

Generally, research activities will be divided into two schemes. The first efforts will be done by
a modification from the existing provided electronics devices. Through this activity it can be
improved the knowledge regarding the implemented technology and research objectives can
be taken faster. The second method, it will be developed and proposed an electronics system to
apply the objectives during this research.

Rapid Charging schedule including the budget can be seen as in Table 1 below.

Table 1. Model and Rapid Charging schedule and budget

Budget
estimated time (Ringgit Malaysia)
Modification
1. BMS 6 month 6,000
2. Rapid Charging System 6 month 13,000

Develope a model and Rapid

Charging
1. On board Charger 1 year 12,000
2. A car model 1 year 12,000
3. Advanced battery 1 year 16,000

Addditional equipment
1. Microprocessor based data logger 3,000
 2. Dummy Load 3,000
3. Instruments 10,000
4. Notebook 5,000

Miscellaneous
1. Conferences and Journal 10,000
2. Visit activities 10,000

Total 100,000

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