Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
PROFESSIONAL GROWTH
A Research Paper
Presented to
The Faculty of the Senior High School
Bataan National High School
City of Balanga, Bataan
In Partial Fulfilment
Of the Requirement for
Practical Research I
By:
Christian Michael Garcia
Alyssa Marie Alvarado
Romeo Isaac Mendiola
John Patrick Capalaran
Angeline Mallari
Rodelyn Velasco
Eugene Caidoy
Andrei Olais
Submitted to:
Miss. Catherine C. Orizar
INTRODUCTION
Job mismatch mean a loss of resources and human capital and could have negative
effects on overall productivity and it is defined as the gap between an individual job skills. It
can also refers to encompassing term which refers to various types of imbalance between
skills that offered and skills needed in the work. The level of education or qualification is less
more than required and the type/field of education or skills is inappropriate for the job. The
term “mismatch” denotes a situation in which the knowledge and skills needed to perform
adequately in the present occupation are either higher, or lower, or just different from those
Although there are some advantages of job mismatch include expertise, efficient
performance and higher pay. However, there have a disadvantages include job boredom and
the inability to do other work. Also, some student need to decide to choose other work and
According to Magdalena Velciu, (2017) job mismatch is not only full employment but
the match between the employee and the job. Present article synthesizes the theoretical and
empirical findings on effects of job mismatch by selecting the main findings about influence
short term over education and over qualification could have a positive effect on productivity
for one company. It would be affected the decreasing job satisfaction and lower wages. The
opposite effects stay at the crossing between the employees, companies, policies and future
development. In fact the effects of job mismatch and productivity is a lost of work potential
1.1 Age?
1.2 Gender?
1.4 Occupation?
4. How does job mismatch affect the future career of engineering graduate?
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The research will be real benefit for the following people or group of people.
STUDENT: They will be able to know if their skills appropriate in the engineering field.
PARENT: They will able to help their children in choosing the right career to avoid job
mismatch.
FUTURE RESEARCHER: They will know and they would have the idea of how job
We will randomly select 10 engineering graduate. This research didn’t overlook the graduate
student’s privacy. The researcher focus only on job mismatch of the engineering graduate and
NOTES IN CHAPTER 1
Magdalena Velciu, (December 15, 2017), Effects On Work Productivity,
https://ideas.repec.org/a/cmj/seapas/y2017i15p395-398.html
CHAPTER 2
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
This chapter deals with the related literature, related studies, conceptual framework,
and hypothesis of the study. The researcher sought the following to provide them the
RELATED LITERATURE
The following literature is relevant to the related studies we've made to address the
following problems.
Age
According to Zhu (2014) evidences that age has little effect on average incomes of
the Chinese graduates, but it affects negatively wages for two subgroups of interest, i.e. for
the 25th and 75th percentiles of the estimated distribution for mismatched persons.
Gender
According to Zhu (2014) finds that male graduates have a lower proportion of
mismatch than women, and the econometric results show that the variable gender, which
identifies males, is statistically significant and positively associated with the average income,
as well as for all percentiles of the estimated distribution for mismatched individuals. The
nonparametric model indicates that on average, mismatched males earn 5.25% more than
mismatched fem.
According to UN (1976), the United Nations’ International Covenant on Economic,
social and Cultural Rights also reinforced this commitment to equal access to higher
According to Dolton and Vignoles (2000) found that 62 percent of the male graduates,
who were over-educated in their first job, reimained in a sub-graduate position six years after
graduation.
Civil Status
Art. 59 of the Romanian Civil Code (2009), under the marginal name
"identification attributes", stipulates that "every person has the right to name, to a home, to a
If art. 59 C. civ. only evokes civil status, art. 98 C. civ. establishes its significance.
This article, under the marginal name "civil status", provides that "civil status is the right of
the person to be individualized in the family and society through strictly personal qualities
Occupation
occupation using the question: ‘how much of your current job is relevant to your areas of
education?’ The four possible options were; irrelevant field of study, slightly relevant,
mismatched, but are driven to it because they cannot find work in their field or because their
Based on World Bank (2012) definition of a job, a job in this study refers to the
regular activity that a person does in order to earn a living be it formal or informal. The term
job in this study is used interchangeably in some cases with other related terms such as
occupation.
RELATED STUDIES
The following studies has relevance to the ability of the problem be addressed.
Research on education-job mismatch has been carried out from diverse points of
views. The term education-job mismatch has been used interchangeably in the literature with
where the qualification of an employee does not match the qualification of the job he/she
does.
is in a job that does not correspond with his/her level of education, experience, skills or
interests and suggested that such a mismatch results from the interaction between a
combination of people’s needs, values and expectations on the one hand, and characteristics
coherence between the required and the offered level of education for a job. Education-job
mismatch has been considerably focused on in the literature especially in the developed
countries and the main focus has been on measuring over-education and the negative labour
According to Genc & Copoglu (2014) the engineering graduates believed that
community extension, linkages and research have the highest relevance to their job placement
followed by student services, faculty and instruction while the organization and
administration obtained the least mean score. The mastery of the subject matter of the
teachers helped them achieved their full potential to let them experience the transfer of
knowledge. Faculty teaching should have competency in applied business and/or engineering
research and exclusive focus on teaching or pure academic research would prove inadequate
According to Darkwa and Adu-Gyamfi (2013) the disconnect between skills taught
in higher education institutions and skills needed by employer explain why graduates remain
The first frame presents the independent variable which is the personal factors
The second frame presents the dependent variables which is the effect of job
Conclusion:
less among those graduates who completed their education as a full-time student or from
semester system.
engineering graduate.
NOTES IN CHAPTER 2
http://www.sciepub.com/reference/67285
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/226427045_Educational_Mismatch_of_Graduates_
A_Multidimensional_and_Fuzzy_Indicator?fbclid=IwAR3oISO38Fpn6tNBg2IY_2Fxr1QW
ms0PWUZHZPVryXNA3ltMcrev8z_l0Zw
http://research.lpubatangas.edu.ph/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/COE-Relevance-of-School-
Related-Factors.pdf
file:///C:/Users/Guest/Downloads/Ntemngweh-Prisca-Master-thesis%20(2).pdf
https://www.google.com/search?source=hp&ei=8LmGXJrQLNGamgePtpXoBQ&q=related
%20literature%20about%20age%20of%20studeng%20in%20job%20mismatch&oq=related
%20literature%20about%20age&gs_l=mobile-gws-wiz-
hp.1.0.41j0l5.12836.29790..31150...9.0..1.1236.11543.0j20j9j1j0j2j1j3......0....1.......5..46i131
i275j0i131j46i131j46j0i10j0i13.ety0nZCJet4&fbclid=IwAR2_R5YCKBKru55pjCI8Xs4Bkt8
D1t5N10If_ztb7MRXUcVS-M0obJAdRkM
http://doctorate.ulbsibiu.ro/wp-content/uploads/REZUMAT-ENG-Csakany.pdf
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
This chapter includes discussion on research method, the respondents of the study and
the sampling techniques. It also presents the research instruments, validation of instruments
RESEARCH METHOD
The descriptive is used in gathering the needed information for this study. This
method enables the researchers to interpret the theoretical meaning of the findings and
graduate.
SAMPLING TECHNIQUES
technique where subjects are selected because of their convenient accessibility and proximity
to the researcher.
RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS
VALIDATION OF INSTRUMENTS
DATA GATHERING
Questionnaire were provided by the researchers and were distributed upon of time of
availability of the participants. The data were collected after the participants finishing
answering items.
Good day Ma’am/Sir:
09, that are conducting our research about “Effects of Job Mismatch in Engineering
Graduate and their Professional Growth”. But first, we need to identify some valuable
information. In this survey may we ask you some information that will as formulating
Age: _____
Sex: _____
Occupation: _______________
Question 01
What are the common causes why some of the engineering graduate choose to work their job
Financial Problem
Others: __________________
Question 02
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Question 03
How does job mismatch affect the future career of engineering graduates?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________