Q1

On site emergency response

Chemical spillage response plan
Personal Protective Equipment required: Self-contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA),
Goggles, Boots, Gloves, Protective Suit
1. Assess and notify
• Assess the situation to determine if the spill can be handled by ERT, or if additional
help is required.
• Advise On-Scene Response Coordinator of the location, type, quantity, and extent of
spill
• Determine if the spill is reportable
2. Ensure the safety of all personnel
• Inform all personnel in the immediate area and instruct them to contact a supervisor
• Eliminate all sources of ignition
• Evacuate personnel from area
• Wear appropriate Personal Protective Equipment
• Refer to product MSDS for pertinent information on the product spilled
3. Stop product flow
• Identify the source of the spill
• Stop the source of the spill using absorbent spill response equipment
4. Contain the spill
• Create dyke with absorbent materials
• Cover all storm drains that might receive spilled material
• If the product has entered a drainage ditch deploy booms or appropriate products
• Avoid contact with combustible materials
5. Clean up and recover the spilled material
• Pump all free liquids to a containment vessel
• Use spill pads or other adsorbents as required
6. Collect spill response equipment
• Collect and package used spill response equipment
• Label the packaged equipment with the date, contents, and name of person packing the
equipment
7. Prepare an incident report
• Complete a spill report and keep notes of all events
• Identify causes and recommended actions to minimize future incidents
Off site emergency response
Chemical spillage response plan

1. Do a quick risk assessment for human risk.

2. Where possible and if safe to do so, isolate the source of the spill.
3. Access nearest spill response kit/s
4. Place the floating yellow canvas boom from spill kit around the spill to
prevent it from spreading.
5. Notify site manager
6. Implement Two fold Bay Oil and Chemical spill contingency Plan
Q2
a) Major emergency scenarios that have the potential to occur in this chemical plant.

• Ammonia gas leak (Ammonia gas is a CORROSIVE GAS and may be fatal if inhaled.)
• Explosion and fire (Ammonia gas can decompose at high temperatures forming very
flammable hydrogen and toxic nitrogen dioxide. In addition hydrogen is flammable and
explosive and burns with a nearly invisible flame)
• Nitrogen Asphyxiation (If the concentration of nitrogen is too high (and oxygen too
low), the body becomes oxygen deprived and asphyxiation occurs.)

b) Develop the ERP for one of the emergency scenarios.

Fire - First Response

1. Pull fire alarm

2. Attend to injured personnel
• Ensure the safety of all personnel
• Ensure appropriate fire retardant is used depending on the substance of concern
• Do not smoke or use equipment that may spark near spills of flammable material
3. Assess and notify
• If the fire cannot be extinguished using available equipment, immediately call fire
brigade
• Contact the Supervisor and On-Scene Coordinator to obtain assistance
• Initiate appropriate internal/external notification as required
4. Evacuate, if necessary
• If it is safe to do so, personnel are to shut off all control power on their equipment
• Proceed in an orderly to the designated primary or secondary assembly area
• Ensure all personnel are accounted.
• Advise the fire-fighters of circumstances and the quantity and location of products on
site. Provide a site plan and MSDS
• Secure the site from unauthorized personnel
5. If safe to do so
• Dyke contaminated run off and fire fighting waters
• Initiate clean-up and recovery procedures
• Protect fuel storage, acetylene and propane cylinders, paint totes and chemicals from
fire
6. Prepare an incident report
• Keep notes of all events
• Complete a fire report
• Identify causes and recommended action to minimize future incidents
c) Justify the reasons for planning for the emergency

• Prevent fatalities and injuries.

• Reduce damage to buildings, stock, and equipment.
• Protect the environment and the community.
• Accelerate the resumption of normal operations.

Q3
The Ocean Odyssey drilling rig was damaged from explosions and fires following a blowout
in September, 1988. All but one POB* were evacuated and rescued from the installation. Most
of the survivors were evacuated via lifeboats; however, several were forced to evacuate
directly into the sea.

In a report, Robertson, D.H., Wright, M.J., (1997) "Ocean Odyssey Emergency Evacuation:
Analysis of Survivor Experiences, Report OTO 96 009, UK Health and Safety Executive"
state:
Several survivors did recall hearing a loud noise from the blowout but did not recall hearing
PA massages. The urgency of the situation was not communicated effectively to non- essential
personnel, as some took time to dress for going ashore, shave, or eat before making way toward
the TSR**. The lifeboats did not appear to have a designated boat marshal, leaving no clear
position of authority. Survival suits were not fitted and many personnel experienced difficulty
in donning them. Mobility was restricted and although teamwork was present in donning the
survival suits, a lack of preparation for this situation was evident".

POSSIBLE WEAKNESS

• Doesn’t follow safety procedure.

• Accident was not notified immediately.
• Lack of communication to non-essential personnel.
• Lack of prson incharge in the evacuation process.
• Lack of experience in donning survival suits.