Q-MANAGEMENT AND IT’S FUNCTIONS:-

MANAGEMENT:-
 Management can be defined as the process of administering and controling
the affairs of the organisation, irrespective of its nature, type, structure and
size.
 It is an act of creating and maintaining such a business environment where in
the members of the organiztion can work together,and achieve business
objective efficiency.
 It is a dynamic process consisting of various elements and activites. These
activities are different from operative functions like marketing finance,
purchase etc.

LEVEL OF MANAGEMENT:-
 The level of management are classified as below

(1). TOP-LEVEL MANAGEMENT.

(2). MIDDLE- LEVEL MANAGEMENT.

(3). LOWER-LEVEL MANAGEMENT.

1
 TOP-LEVEL
MANAGEMENT

MIDDILE-LEVEL MANAGEMENT

LOWER-LEVEL MANAGEMENT

(LEVEL OF MANAGEMENT)

1
1. TOP LEVEL MANAGEMENT:-.
 This is the highest level in the organizational hierarchy, which includes Board
of Directors and chief Executives.
 They are responsible for defining the objectives, formulating plans, strategies
and policies.

2. MIDDLE EVEL MANAGEMENT:-

 This is the most important level in the corporate ladder, it creates link
between the top and lower level management.
 It includes departmental and division heads and managers who are responsible
for implementing and controlling plans and strategies which are formulated by
the top executives.

3. LOWER LEVEL MANAGEMENT:-

 It is otherwise called functional or operational level management.
 It includes first line manager, foreman, supervisors
 It plays a crucial role in the organization because it helps in reducing wastage
and idle time of the workers, improving the quality and quantity of output.

MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS:-
 There are several functions of management, the main functions are as follows;

1
 PLANNING

CONTROLLING ORGANIZING

DIRECTING STAFFING

1
PLANNING:-
 It is the first and foremost function of management i.e. to decide beforehand
what is to be done in future.
 It encompasses formulating policies, establishing targets, scheduling actions
and so forth.
 Planning is systematic thinking about ways and means for accomplishment of
pre-determined goals. Planning is necessary to ensure proper utilization of
human and non-human resources.
 It is all pervasive, it is an intellectual activity and it also helps in avoiding
confusion, uncertainties, risks, wastages etc.

ORGANIZING:-
 Once the planes are formulated, the next step is to organize the activities and
resources, as in identifying the tasks, classifying them, assigning duties to
subordinates and allocating the resources.
 It is the process of bringing together physical, financial and human resources
and developing productive relationship amongst them for achievement of
organizational goals.
 as a process involves:
 Organizing Identification of activities
 Classification of grouping of activities
 Assignment of duties
 Delegation of authority and creation of responsibility
 Coordinating authority and responsibility relationships.

1
STAFFING:-
 It involves hiring personal for carrying out various activity of the organization.
 It is to ensure that the right person is appointed to the right job.
 It is the function of mannig the organisation structure and keeping it manned.
 Staffing has assumed greater importance in the recent year due to the
advancement of technology, increase in size of business, complexity of human
behavior etc.
 Staffing involves :
(1). Manpower Planning.
(2). Training and Development.
(3). Remunaration .
(4). Performance Appraisal.
(5). Promotions and transfer.

DIRECTING:
 It is the task of the manager to guide,supervise,lead and motivate the
subordinates,to ensure that they work in the right directon,so far as the
objectives of the organisation are concerned.
 It is considered life-spark of the enterprise which sets it in motion the action of
people because planning, organizing and staffing are the mere preparations
for doing the work.
 Directional has following elements
(1). Supervision.
(2). Motivaton.
(3). Leadership.
(4). Communication.

CONTROLLING:-

1
 The controlling function of management involves a number of steps to be
taken to make sure that the performance of te employees is as per the planes.
 It involves establishing performance standards and comparing them with
actual performance.
 Incase of any variations,necessery steps are to be taken for its correction.
 It implies measurment of accomplishment against the standards and
correction of deviation if any to ensure achievment of organizational goals.
 The purpose of controling is to ensure that everything occures in conformities
with the standards.
 An efficient system of control helps to predict deviations before they actual
occure

 Therefore controlling has following steps:

a. Establishment of standard performance.
b. Measurement of actual performance.
c. Comparison of actual performance with the standards and
finding out deviation if any.
d. Corrective action.

SKILLS AND ROLES OF A MANAGER:

 There are following types of skills are need for a manager

a. TECHNICAL SKILLS:

1. The technical skills reffer to the ability and knowledge In using the
equipment, techniques aand procedure involved in performance specific
skills.
2. These skils require specialized knowledge and proficiency in the mechanics
of a perticular. 7

1
 b. HUMAN SKILLS:

1. Human skills reffer to the ability of a manager to work effectively

with other people both as individual and as members of groups.
2. Human skills are concerned with understanding of people.

c .CONCEPTUAL SKILLS:
1. Conceptual skills involve the ability to see the whole organization
and the interrelationship between its parts.
2. These skills help the managers to analyze the environment and to
identify the opportunities.

ROLES OF MANAGER:
There are many roles in an organization, but main roles are classified
as below:

 Informational
 Interpersonal
 Decisional.

1
 9

1
a. Interpersonal :
 The interpersonal roles link all managerial work together.The three
interpersonal roles are primarily concerned with interpersonal relationship.
 There are three types of interpersonal role, thes are follows:
i. Figurehead Role.
ii. Liasison Role.
iii. The leader Role.

a. Informational Role:
 The informational roles ensure that information is provided. The three
informational roles are primarily concerned with the information
 aspects of managerial work.
 The three informational roles are as below:
i. Monitor Role.
j. Disseminator Role.
k. Spokesperson Role.

b. Decisional Roles:
 The decisional roles make significant use of the information and there are four
decisional roles.

I . Entrepreneur Role.

II. Disturbance handler Role.

III. Resource Allocator Role.

Iv .Negotiator Role.

10

1
REFERENCE:-
 https//businessjargons.com/management.html
 www.lecturesnote.come
 Introduction to management and organizational Behavior (Dr.Karam pal-
lesson1)

11