Agro Financing System (AFS)

Submitted By

Urooj Anwar

Aijaz Ali

Supervisor: Jawaid Ahmed Siddique

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

SUKKUR IBA UNIVERSITY

 2019

Agro Financing System (AFS) By

Urooj Anwar
Aijaz Ali

SUBMITTEDTO THEDEPARTMENTOF COMPUTERSCIENCE

INPARTIALFULFILLMENTOFTHEREQUIREMENTSFOR THE
DEGREEOF

BACHELOROF SCIENCEINCOMPUTERRSCIENCE

SUKKUR IBA UNIVERSITY

June, 2019

©2019 Urooj Anwar and Aijaz Ali.

All rights reserved.

The author here by gr a nt s permission to Sukkur I B A to

reproduce and distribute publicly p a p e r a n d electronic
copies of this thesis and grant others t h e right to do so.

Signature of Author 1

Urooj Anwar
Department of Computer Science
Signature of Author 2

Aijaz Ali
Department of Computer Science
Certified by:

Internal Examiner Signature Jawaid Ahmed Siddique

Assistant Professor
Thesis Supervisor

External Examiner Signature

.

Accepted by:

Dr. Ahmed Waqas

Head,
Department of Computer Science
 EXORDIUM

In the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful. Praise be to Allah, Lord of
Creation, The Compassionate, the Merciful, King of Judgment-day!

iii
 DEDICATION

To my parents who taught me to think clearly &motivated me to try my hardest in

everything I do, without whom I could not have reached my goals and to all those
who believe in the power of learning.

iv
 Table of Contents
EXORDIUM ................................................................................................................. iii
DEDICATION .............................................................................................................. iv
Table of Contents ........................................................................................................... v
LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................... viii
LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................ ix
ACRONYMS AND ABBRIVIATIONS ....................................................................... x
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................. xi
CHAPTER 1 .................................................................................................................. 1
1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Overview ......................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Background ..................................................................................................... 1
1.3 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 1
1.4 Problem Statement .......................................................................................... 3
1.5 Project Objectives ........................................................................................... 3
1.6 Scope of FYP Report....................................................................................... 4
1.7 Chapter Summary............................................................................................ 4
CHAPTER 2 .................................................................................................................. 5
2 METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................. 5
2.1 Overview ......................................................................................................... 5
2.2 Background ..................................................................................................... 5
2.3 Development Methodology of AFS ................................................................ 5
2.4 Agile Model..................................................................................................... 6
2.4.1 Design ...................................................................................................... 7
2.4.2 Coding/Implementation ........................................................................... 7
2.5 Chapter Summary............................................................................................ 8
CHAPTER 3 ................................................................................................................ 10
3 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATIONS (SRS) ................................ 10
3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 10
3.1.1 Purpose................................................................................................... 10
3.1.2 Intended Audience ................................................................................. 10
3.1.3 Project Scope ......................................................................................... 10
3.2 Overall System Description .......................................................................... 11
3.2.1 Product/System Perspective ................................................................... 11
3.2.2 Product/System Features ........................................................................ 12
v
 3.2.3 User Classes and Characteristics ........................................................... 13
3.2.4 Operating Environment .......................................................................... 13
3.2.5 Design and Implementation Constraints ................................................ 13
3.2.6 Assumptions and Dependencies ............................................................ 14
3.3 External Interface Requirements ................................................................... 14
3.3.1 User Interfaces ....................................................................................... 14
3.3.2 Hardware Interfaces ............................................................................... 14
3.3.3 Software Interfaces ................................................................................ 14
3.3.4 Communications Interfaces ................................................................... 15
CHAPTER 4 ................................................................................................................ 16
4 SYSTEM DESIGN SPECIFICATION (SDS) ...................................................... 16
4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 16
4.1.1 Purpose of This Document..................................................................... 16
4.1.2 Scope of The Development Project ....................................................... 16
4.2 Design Considerations................................................................................... 17
4.2.1 Assumptions........................................................................................... 17
4.2.2 Constraints ............................................................................................. 17
4.3 Architecture ................................................................................................... 18
4.4 Detailed Software Design.............................................................................. 18
4.4.1 Domain Model ....................................................................................... 18
4.4.2 Use Case Diagrams ................................................................................ 19
4.4.3 Signup Sequence Diagrams ................................................................... 20
4.4.4 Login Sequence Diagram ....................................................................... 20
4.4.5 Invest on Land Sequence diagram ......................................................... 21
5 CHAPTER 5.......................................................................................................... 22
Chapter 5 ...................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
RESULTS .................................................................................................................... 22
5.1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................... 22
5.2 RESULTS OF AFS ....................................................................................... 22
...................................................................................................................................... 22
...................................................................................................................................... 23
...................................................................................................................................... 23
...................................................................................................................................... 24
...................................................................................................................................... 24
...................................................................................................................................... 25
vi
...................................................................................................................................... 25
5.3 User Feedback on AFS .................................................................................. 25
5.4 QUESTIONAIRE RESPONSE RESULT: ................................................... 26
CHAPTER 6 ................................................................................................................ 30
6 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK.............................................................. 30
6.1 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................. 30
6.2 FUTURE WORK .......................................................................................... 30
7 REFERENCES ...................................................................................................... 31
8 APPENDIX ........................................................................................................... 32
8.1 1. Login ......................................................................................................... 32
8.2 2. Signup........................................................................................................ 32
...................................................................................................................................... 32
8.3 3. Post Land ................................................................................................... 33
8.4 4. Admin (All Users Record) ........................................................................ 34
...................................................................................................................................... 34
8.5 5. Admin (All Lands Record) ........................................................................ 34
...................................................................................................................................... 34
...................................................................................................................................... 35
8.6 6. Admin (View All Request Log) ................................................................ 35

vii
 LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: AFS detailed implementation methodology ................................................... 6
Figure 2Agile Development Model ............................................................................... 7
Figure 3: Context Diagram of AFS .............................................................................. 11
Figure 4 Flow diagram of AFS .................................................................................... 12
Figure 5: Architecture of AFS ..................................................................................... 18
Figure 6 Domain Model of AFS .................................................................................. 18
Figure 7: Use case diagram of AFS ............................................................................. 19
Figure 8: Sign up sequence diagram of AFS ............................................................... 20
Figure 9: Login Sequence diagram of AFS ................................................................. 20
Figure 10: Invest of land sequence diagram of AFS.................................................... 21
Figure 11: Home page of AFS ..................................................................................... 22
Figure 12: Borrower(Farmer) page of AFS ................................................................. 23
Figure 13: Investor page of AFS .................................................................................. 23
Figure 14: View all users by Admin of AFS ............................................................... 24
Figure 15: View request log by Admin of AFS ........................................................... 24
Figure 16: Login and Sign up of AFS .......................................................................... 25

viii
 LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 Users of AFS system....................................................................................... 13
Table 5. 1 Results of Actions ...................................................................................... 29

ix
 ACRONYMS AND ABBRIVIATIONS

AFS: Agro Financing System

UML: Unified Modeling Language

SDS – Software Design Specification

SDLC – Software Design Life Cycle

OS – Operating System

SRS Software Requirement Specification

x
 ABSTRACT

Pakistan is an agricultural economy; therefore, agricultural sector contributes a major

proportion to the overall economic development of the country. In agriculture, the
farmers and potential investors are the driving factors in fruitful cultivations. Given
the resource limitations and financial status of our farmers, there are certain problems
which hinders the cultivation process. Firstly, the lack of trust between the contracting
parties (farmers and investors) itself poses a big question on whether or not to invest
such a huge amount in a venture which is full of uncertainties. Secondly the farmers
have to bear the overhead of finding potential investors, thereby fulfilling all the
procedural formalities of data authentication and verification by filling in the required
documents, which is certainly painstaking given the educational status of our farmers.
In order to accommodate the aforementioned problems, we have come up with a
solution which may cultivate trust with all the procedural formalities fulfilled with
lesser discomfort and more reliability.

In this regard, we are developing a web based application, where farmers can directly
meet investors. Farmers may request for the investments by uploading the relevant
documents which are than being verified by a third party, in our case a verified AFS
Personal, having Physical presence for verification and interacting with investors and
lenders. Once the documents are verified the lenders are provided with an AFS card,
which contains the agreed investment balance along with unique identification of the
lender. This card is used to record the transactions to provide the required material
necessary for agricultural development such as fertilizers, pesticides etc. each
transaction is deducted from the card holder’s account. This way all transactions are
maintained not exceeding the agreed amount. The application will also maintain the
investors profile which may give insights on the previous investments made by
him/her.

xi
 CHAPTER 1
1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Overview

In agriculture, farmers are financially weak and poor, they know farming but due
to lack of investment and limitation of financial resources they die in debt. owing
to this problem We are working on a project which aims to overcome this
financial burden. in this regard we have developed a prototype of a web based
application titled as AFS (Agro Finance System). it will facilitate farmers in
connecting them to potential investors, which in turn reduce the burden of high
debts by sharing profits of Crop as a return on investment. This chapter serves as
an overall Introduction of AFS highlighting the problem statement followed by
technological solution and implementation aspects of AFS.

1.2 Background

Pakistan is an agriculture economy; Farmers are the driving factor in fruitful

cultivations. Almost 57.4% farmer adopts feudalism without any charges [3].
Moreover, there is lack of credit facilities for farmers. around 50.8% farmer suffer
from loan annually[reference]. The interest rate is high and loan is not available on
time. The market prices of agriculture goods remain unstable[reference] therefore,
farmers are unable to get rewards due to less and spoiled production which results
in financial crises and vice versa. these financial crises lead to ultimate misery
specifically in countries like Pakistan where rural populations mostly survive on
their land crops and labour work [reference].

1.3 Introduction

1
In an agricultural economy like Pakistan, the farmers are backbone of the
agricultural development which ultimately boost up the economy. The limited
financial resources are constraints for farmers to adopt the new technology to
grow the sectors. There is also limited capital investment from private sector
owing to no prior connections leading lesser degree of trust. The lack of trust
makes this important sector underfinanced. Meager Government subsidies and
agro-loans are bearing no fruits as the banking sector is unable to transfer these
subsidies and agro-loans to wider farmer community. Apart from the Government
agricultural financing, the private investment banking sector, especially the
Islamic banking sector has not been able to utilize the huge pile of the wealth
lying idle in their current accounts because they do not have products and projects
to invest this capital. The agriculture sector can be most promising for lending the
agricultural finance if we are able to remove the investors’ apprehensions and
cultivate trust in them. This trust gap can be bridged using the AFS platform
which offers trust by verifying relevant documents through AFS portals having
physical presence across various locations in Pakistan. The crop financing and
micro credits to farmers can be made fraud proof and a variety of agro-products
can be made available to potential farmers by the both public and private
investors. The AFS platform will offer medium of funds transfer from lenders
(e.g., bankers) to borrowers (e.g., farmers) with minimal fees, high capital
allocation efficiency, and operational efficiency. To make this happen, we have
developed a prototype of web based platform that provides the catalog of the
farmers (includes list of the credit worthy farmers indicating their landholdings,
capital in hand, skill set, transport etc.) that keep updating in real time based on
the farmer’s financial transactions. The AFS enables more reliable financial
transactions using AFS loan cards. The physical setup of AFS covers the
processes pertaining to identity, financials, product / services sourcing &delivery
logistics and role based visibility, tracking and audits to be used as and when they
kick-in or are invoked. This makes it much easier for farmers, investors, and
consumers to identify and scale business that demonstrably work. This will help
lift-up farmers’ and contribute to the growth of the overall economy.

2
1.4 Problem Statement

A vast number of Farmers, including (investors, consumers) today face a tough

Financial crisis: Low Crop Yield, due to lack of resources for the farm production.
They don’t have enough money to invest on cropping also they are unable to pay back
the loans. Their only hope lies in banks/lenders to lend them money to farm for the
next year. Farmers don’t know how to approach whole sellers or the end consumers as
a result, they lose self-motivation and become obsessed with it. Also, There is no any
security of return on the production keeping in view the high cost involved in the
cropping process they are forced to depend on loans with high mark up and never
comes out from this vicious circle.

1.5 Project Objectives

This project aims to achieve the following objectives:

 providing a platform where farmers(borrowers) can directly connect
to investors (lenders). this will enable famers to find potential
investors. it will provide them with necessary equipments (e.g.,
pesticides, fertilizers etc.) in the form of investments. the profits of
crop yields will be shared annually as a return on investment. this way
the overhead of loans and high markups will be reduced adding in
overall economic development and prosperity of farmers.

 setting up an easy communication interface for the farmers in the

form of physical AFS branches across various locations. it covers all
the procedures related to validation and verification of the investment
proposals. it also covers the process of product dispatch in accordance
with the investment amount. each product dispatch is recorded as a
financial transaction and deducted from investment amount using
AFS loan card which is unique for each card holder.

3
1.6 Scope of FYP Report
The scope of this FYP report is to underpin a clear view of our proposed
methodology, implementation and technology of AFS. All the necessary details
are mentioned in Chapter 2, 3 and 4. In Chapter 5interface results are discussed.

1.7 Chapter Summary

The contribution of farmers is important for agriculture development. Famers

not only fulfills the domestic needs but are also main source of economic growth
of our country. however, Farmers are facing some problem such as low
production, less resources, insufficient investment. Therefore, we are proposing a
solution in the form of a web-based platform where farmers can directly meet
with their investors. the authenticity of the investment proposal is verified by a
third party via AFS physical portals. once the proposals are verified the
investments are made available in the form of equipment necessary for crop
cultivation. the equipment can be received from AFS branch office using AFS
loan card, which contains the investment amount and a unique barcode to
identify the borrower(farmer). after each product dispatch amount is deducted by
swiping the card in a unique card reader and records are saved in AFS database.

4
 CHAPTER 2
2 METHODOLOGY

2.1 Overview

This chapter includes the evaluation of all the theories, concepts, approaches,
methods, technologies, life cycle, tools and techniques relevant to AFS.

2.2 Background

AFS is a web based application therefore basic methodology of website

development has been used. the project is divided in to various phases each
having different tools and techniques. for example, the first phase involve the
requirement analysis followed by rough design models which is done using paper
prototyping. the project has been implemented using the traditional iterative
model which is described in the following sections.

2.3 Development Methodology of AFS

The AFS Website is developed using PHP for server scripting whereas the client
side has been implemented using JavaScript, HTML and CSS Languages.
MySQL databases are used to store and retrieve land and user information. it is
also used to store the transactions recorded via EM18 RFID reader module using
AFS loan card. EM18 RFID module has been programmed to send and receive
data to AFS website database using Arduino programming. all these hardware
and software interact with each other to for proper functioning of AFS. the
following diagram represents the detailed implementation methodology of AFS
prototype.

5
Figure 1: AFS detailed implementation methodology

2.4 Agile Model

We have chosen Agile Software Development, as it is an iterative approach to

software development. Our project AFS needs to update our application from
time to time according to change in requirements and meet investor and farmer
needs, so the agile methodology is the most appropriate for our application.
Through the agile process, we can update the functionality and requirement of
our application and add new features to meet the new investor requirements,
 Incremental Delivery
 Maintain Simplicity
 Development according to user easiness.
 Face-to-face conversation is the best form of communication.

6
Figure 2Agile Development Model
\

2.4.1 Design

The project design is done in UML (Unified Modeling Language) using

Star-UML such as class diagram, domain model and sequence diagram.

2.4.1.1 Tools and Techniques

paper prototyping is used followed by formal diagramming in Star-UML

2.4.1.1.1 Procedure

we started by drawing rough sketches on paper using pencil

(paper prototype) then moved formally towards online tool i.e.
Start-UML.

2.4.2 Coding/Implementation

7
 This phase includes the actual engineering and writing of the application
while attempting to meet all of the requirements established during the
previous phase.

2.4.2.1 Language/Editor

the project consists of different software and hardware interfaces therefore different
languages and editors have been used

2.4.2.1.1 AFS website implementation:

PHP: server side (back-end) has been implemented using php language. editor
being used is sublime.

HTML/CSS/JavaScript: client side has been implemented using combination

of HTML, CSS and JavaScript. editor being used is sublime.

2.4.2.1.2 EM18 card reader module:

Arduino Programming: EM18 card reader module interfaces with Arduino

board therefore Arduino programming language is used to create interface
between card reader module and MySQL databases. Arduino official IDE is
used as an editor.

2.5 Chapter Summary

AFS is a web based application with in external hardware interface to read and record
transaction data. the backend of AFS is implemented using PHP language with
MySQL database to store and retrieve the data. MySQL database is used to store the
user information such as personal info, land holdings etc. this data can be easily

8
managed using simple client interface which is implemented using HTML, CSS and
JavaScript. MySQL databases also stores the transaction data which is sent via
external hardware interface called EM18 card reader module. all these hardware and
software interfaces interact with each other in order to fulfill the purpose of its
development.

9
 CHAPTER 3
3 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATIONS (SRS)

3.1 Introduction

3.1.1 Purpose

This document provides detailed description of requirements for the Agro

Financing System (AFS). This document is intended to provide the abstract,
complete scope, objectives, stakeholders, operating environment, system
constraints, and assumptions or dependencies related to the proposed system.
The document presents the complete functional and non-functional
requirements of our system.

3.1.2 Intended Audience

The intended audience of this document is the team members, project

supervisor, and university FYP Management Team.

3.1.3 Project Scope

The scope of AFS project is to underpin a clear view of our proposed

methodology, implementation and technology. AFS overcome the agricultural
related Farmer’s financial problems by provide them direct investment and in this
way they can boost production’s quantity and quality. And last but not least this
project will also grow our economy.

10
 3.2 Overall System Description

3.2.1 Product/System Perspective

AFS Agro web based is an application that may have interesting applications
in social systems.

 This clearly points out the underlying rural distress and farmers facing
difficult times, in term of money, marketing. Agro Financing System
(AFS) provides farmers with a platform of agro marketing to reach the
consumer and investors directly. Farmers can now get number of
investment and utilize money in their crops. [2]
 Web site provide solution to this in that it keeps track of all the
transactions by maintaining the log which effectively hide individual
identities with in (future work) strong security mechanism to account
for any fraudulent activities. KYC Agro Financing System
incorporates all such functionalities once transactions are made by the
investors may be using money to collect from any local bank in
Pakistan.

Following diagram represents the Context Diagrams of AFS.

11

Figure 3: Context Diagram of AFS

3.2.2 Product/System Features
The system is supposing to following features.
o Borrower/Investor can request for investment.
o Borrower(Farmer) can upload land details.
o Borrowers/Investors can view transaction log.
o System perform transaction via RFID card interface.

The Following Flow Diagram represents overall operational flow and

relationship among the features of AFS System.

Figure 4 Flow diagram of AFS

12
3.2.3 User Classes and Characteristics

Borrower(Farmer) The borrower can request the investment, can upload

the land details he/she can view transaction log

Investor Investor can view investment proposal he/she can

view transaction log.

Admin Admin can validate the land information by issuing

AFS loan card, Can manage transactions, Assign
privileges and maintain and update the system
Table 1 Users of AFS system

3.2.4 Operating Environment

 The tools and other necessary things are listed in this section which
our system will use in the operating environment.
 System is not dependent on geographical areas.
 Comes under the umbrella of PHP and JavaScript language.
 It uses MySQL database for data storage
 Operating systems: Microsoft Windows, Mac OS.
 Platform: PHP
 From hardware perspective, it runs on Desktop PC, Laptops and
Mobile.
 It uses the EM18 RFID reader module for transaction.
 It uses the Arduino PLD Language.

3.2.5 Design and Implementation Constraints

 All data shall be stored on MySQL Database in back end

13
3.2.6 Assumptions and Dependencies

For the propose system we have made following assumptions and

dependencies.
 Users can read and understand simple English.
 Training, workshop should be there, in order to make them more
aware of the things.
 User have known how of computer devices and the Internet.
 User must have the Internet connection.
 User must have the EM18 RFID reader module.

3.3 External Interface Requirements

3.3.1 User Interfaces

Web application shall permit complete navigation and item selection using
the keyboard alone, in addition to using mouse and keyboard combinations.

3.3.2 Hardware Interfaces

Our application can be used over any laptop, desktop pc and mobile.

3.3.3 Software Interfaces

Software used Description

PHP (Programming Language) open source tool that helps you in
building a website straight from the
browser.
Visual Code Editor This is used for any development for the computer.

MySQL Database Would be used in the back end for

storage.
Arduino PLD (Language) It would be used for the

14
 implementation of EM18 RFID
reader module

3.3.4 Communications Interfaces

 The system shall send a notification to the user to inform them of

time approval or rejection via email.
 User can submit document over website via link or in the text box on
the website.

15
 CHAPTER 4
4 SYSTEM DESIGN SPECIFICATION (SDS)

4.1 Introduction

Provide identifying information for the existing and/or proposed automated

system or situation for which the System Design Specification (SDS) applies
(e.g., the full names and acronyms for the development project, the existing
system or situation, and the proposed system or situation, as applicable), and
expected evolution of the document. Also describe any security or privacy
considerations associated with use of this document.

4.1.1 Purpose of This Document

Purpose of this document is to present design Description of Agro Financing

System (AFS). This document describes the features of this app and also design
constraints under which this app must be used. It also describes the stakeholders
for whom this document is intended for (Likewise, layman). This document
contains pictorial representation of the AFS about all the Functional and non-
functional requirements of the system.

4.1.2 Scope of The Development Project

Agro Financing System (AFS) is a web based application, our focus and scope is
to interact lenders and investor with each other.

Some of the functionalities are as follows:

 Allows user to authorize himself for using services of the application

by giving his details which include name, phone number, email,
CNIC, land documents.
 Provides an Interface for validator to collaborate.

16
  Allows the users to view updates by using their requests.
 Allow third party to verify the farmers’ details that would be an
admin and also verify by AFS branch shopkeeper in physically.
 Allow investor to search for verified farmers in order to do
investment by specifying the requirements.
 Allow investor to send an investment offer to the farmer which can
be local currency accepted or rejected by him.
 Once the agreement over the amount of money and the time frame
for return is reached, investor will send a request to the lender or
accept it request.
 At the end of the time frame, investor can demand for the payback.
 Farmer will update his status and payback money to the investor

4.2 Design Considerations

4.2.1 Assumptions

A1: The users know the English language, as the user interface will be provided
in English.
A2: Training, workshop should be there, in order to make them more aware of
the things.
A3: User must have supported devices like mobile, laptop and computer.
A4: User must have the Internet connection.

4.2.2 Constraints

4.2.2.1 Platform:
Works well on both mobile and desktop PC

4.2.2.2 Operating System:

Application is compatible with every Operating System.

17
4.3 Architecture

Figure 5: Architecture of AFS

4.4 Detailed Software Design

4.4.1 Domain Model

Figure 6 Domain Model of AFS

18
4.4.2 Use Case Diagrams

Figure 7: Use case diagram of AFS

19
4.4.3 Signup Sequence Diagrams

Figure 8: Sign up sequence diagram of AFS

4.4.4 Login Sequence Diagram

Figure 4. 1 Login Sequence Diagram of AFS

Figure 4. 2 Invest on land Sequence Diagram of AFS

Figure 9: Login Sequence diagram of AFS

20
 4.4.5 Invest on Land Sequence diagram

Figure 10: Invest of land sequence diagram of AFS

21
 5 CHAPTER 5
RESULTS

5.1 INTRODUCTION

This chapter involves the details view of Results, methodology, interface and
implementation steps which have been followed for development of AFS. It
Provide insight into its different activities that are as follows:

5.2 RESULTS OF AFS

In this section we discuss the interface results, the interfaces are designed
keeping in view the principle of HCI however, it is in it’s infancy stages at
prototype level. Further improvements can have made in future also there is a
user feedback on the usability of our system.

Figure 11: Home page of AFS

22
Figure 12: Borrower(Farmer) page of AFS

Figure 13: Investor page of AFS

23
Figure 14: View all users by Admin of AFS

Figure 15: View request log by Admin of AFS

24
Figure 16: Login and Sign up of AFS

5.3 User Feedback on AFS

The survey has been carried out in the Sukkur IBA university. Participants
mostly include students and teachers. It consists of various questions which
helps in understanding and improving the overall efficiency of the system.

25
 user responses on each question is summarized and represented in the form of
pie chart in the following section. it gives goods insights on overall usability of
our system based on surveyed individual responses.

5.4 QUESTIONAIRE RESPONSE RESULT:

26
27
28
29
 CHAPTER 6
6 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK

6.1 CONCLUSION

Farming sector is indeed an important part of our economy however, poor

financial conditions of our farmers compel them to borrow money on loan
which ultimately involves them in higher risks and low returns due to high
markups on the loans. keeping this intact a more accessible system is required
which enable farmers to ask for direct investments also from investors
perspective a system needs to be built which accounts for their investments in
more reliable and efficient way. Web site provide solution to this in that it keeps
track of all the transactions by maintaining the log which effectively hide
individual identities.

6.2 FUTURE WORK

Currently, we have provided the investment in the form of slip/ token.

In future we would add functionalities in our system which are as follows:

 Agro Financing System incorporates all such functionalities once transactions

are made by the investors may be using money to collect from any local bank
in Pakistan.
 The top most trustworthy investors would be included in the list for bidding.
 Live chat will be available in AFS system.

30
 7 REFERENCES
[1] Ministry of Finance. (2004-2005)Govt. of Pakistan, Executive Summary of Economic Survey Dawn
NewsJune 5, 2005

[2] Shafique, Muhammad (2017) Agriculture in Pakistan and its Impact on Economy.
At

University of Hong Kong.

[3]Azam, Anam. Shafique, Muhammad.(2017) Construction Environment

Engineering, Korea

Institute of Civil Engineering, Agriculture in Pakistan and its Impact on Economy.

31
 8 APPENDIX

8.1 1. Login

8.2 2. Signup

32
8.3 3. Post Land

33
8.4 4. Admin (All Users Record)

8.5 5. Admin (All Lands Record)

34
8.6 6. Admin (View All Request Log)

35