EVAPORATION EVAPORATION

 What is EVAPORATION?  What is EVAPORATION?

Evaporation is the process of water changing from its liquid phase to the vapor Evaporation is the process of water changing from its liquid phase to the vapor
phase. phase.
This process may occur from water bodies, from saturated soils, or from This process may occur from water bodies, from saturated soils, or from
unsaturated surfaces. unsaturated surfaces.
Water bodies ex. Pond, oceans, lake, rivers Water bodies ex. Pond, oceans, lake, rivers
Saturated soils ex. Rice field, corn field Saturated soils ex. Rice field, corn field
Unsaturated surfaces ex. Dry rice field Unsaturated surfaces ex. Dry rice field

PROCESS OF EVAPORATION PROCESS OF EVAPORATION

 WATER OCCURS WHEN THE SURFACE OF THE LIQUID IS EXPOSED,  WATER OCCURS WHEN THE SURFACE OF THE LIQUID IS EXPOSED,
ALLOWING MOLECULES TO ESCAPE AND FORM WATER VAPOR; THIS ALLOWING MOLECULES TO ESCAPE AND FORM WATER VAPOR; THIS
VAPOR CAN THEN RISE UP AND FORM CLOUDS. WITH SUFFICIENT ENERGY, VAPOR CAN THEN RISE UP AND FORM CLOUDS. WITH SUFFICIENT ENERGY,
THE LIQUID WILL TURN INTO VAPOR. THE LIQUID WILL TURN INTO VAPOR.

FACTORS AFFECTING EVAPORATION FACTORS AFFECTING EVAPORATION

 Temperature: The rate of evaporation increases with an increase in
temperature.
 Surface area: The rate of evaporation increases with an increase in surface
area.
 Wind speed: Evaporation increases with an increase in wind speed.
 Water quality: The rate of evaporation increases with an low level turbidity
or normal water.
 Radiation: The rate of evaporation increases with an high radiation.
 Atmospheric pressure: The rate of evaporation increases with an high
atmospheric pressure.
 Temperature: The rate of evaporation increases with an increase in
temperature.
 Surface area: The rate of evaporation increases with an increase in surface
area.
 Wind speed: Evaporation increases with an increase in wind speed.
 Water quality: The rate of evaporation increases with an low level turbidity
or normal water.
 Radiation: The rate of evaporation increases with an high radiation.
 Atmospheric pressure: The rate of evaporation increases with an high
atmospheric pressure.
ENERGY BALANCE METHOD AERODYNAMIC METHOD

The ability to transport water vapor away from the water surface; that is,
generated by the humidity gradient in the air near the surface and the
wind speed across the surface. These processes can be analyzed by
coupling the equation for
mass and momentum transport in the air.

Combined Method

Be able to calculate evaporation from open water surfaces and

transpiration from vegetation, using a method appropriate for the
information available. When the energy supply is not limiting, the
aerodynamic method can be used, and when the vapor
Transport is not limiting, the energy balance method can be used.