13

1. (a) We have, Tangent meets at X-axis

cos −1 α + cos −1 β + cos −1 γ = 3π ∴ We put ( x, 0 ), we get

−1
We know that, 0 ≤ cos −1
x≤π 0 = 2x + 1⇒ x =
2
⇒ cos −1 α = cos −1 β = cos −1 γ = π
5. (d) Consider the events E1 = A and B solve the problem
⇒ α =β = γ = −1
E2 = A and B have incorrect solutions
 1 1 1
Now, (α 3 + β 3 + γ 3 ) −  + +  E = A and B get same answer
 α β γ
1 1
 1 1 1 P(E1 ) = , P(E2 ) =
= (−1)3 + (−1)3 + (−1)3 −  + +  12 2
 −1 −1 −1
 E  E 1
= −3+ 3= 0 P   = 1, P   =
 E1   E2  20
9 6 2 3 3 0 
2. (b) We have,  =   E 
∴ Required probability = P  1 
3 0  1 0  1 2   E
On applying R1 → R1 − 2 R2, we get  E
P(E1 ) × P  
9 − 6 6 2 − 2 3 3 0   E1 
 3 = =
 0   1 0  1 2   E  E
P(E1 ) × P   + P(E2 ) × P  
 3 6  0 3  3 0   E1   E2 
⇒ 3 0  =  1 0  1 2 
     1
×1
12 10
3. (c) We have, n( A) = n and n(B) = 2 = =
1 1 1 13
× 1+ ×
We know that number of onto function from A into B 12 2 20
where x + 4 y −1 z + 3
n( B )
6. (b) We have, = =
3 5 4
1 ≤ n(B) ≤ n( A) = ∑ (−1)n( B ) − 1 n( B )
Cr (r )n( A )
r =1 x +1 y −4 z −5
and = =
2 1 1 2
∴Number of surjection = ∑ (−1)2 − r 2Cr (r )n
r =1
Here a1 = 3 b1 = 5, c1 = 4

= (−1)2 − 1 2C1(1)n + (−1)2 − 2 2C2(2 )n and a2 = 1, b2 = 1, c 2 = 2

= − 2 + 2n = 2n − 2 Now, angle between lines is

a1a2 + b1b2 + c1c 2
4. (b) The equation of curve is cos θ =
( a1 + b12 + c12 )( a22 + b22 + c 22 )
2

y = e 2x
(3)(1) + (5)(1) + (4)(2 )
dy cos θ =
⇒ = 2e 2x ( 3 + 52 + 42 )( 12 + 12 + 2 2 )
2
dx
3+ 5+ 8
Slope of tangent of curve at (0, 1) is ⇒ cos θ =
50 6
 dy 
  = 2e 0 = 2
 dx  ( 0, 1) ⇒ cos θ =
16
=
8 3
5 × 2 15 15
Equation of tangent of curve at (0, 1) is
 8 3
y − 1 = 2( x − 0 ) ⇒ θ = cos −1  
 15 
⇒ y = 2x + 1
 7. (c) We have, We know that, l2 + m2 + n 2 = 1

(2 y − 1)dx − (2 x + 3)dy = 0 ⇒ cos 2 α + cos 2 α + cos 2 α = 1

dy dx ⇒ 3 cos 2 α = 1
⇒ =
2y − 1 2x + 3 1 1
⇒ cos 2 α = ⇒ cos α = ±
dy dx 3 3
⇒ ∫ 2y − 1 = ∫ 2x + 3 Hence, the direction cosines of a line are either
1 1 1 1 1 1 –1 –1 –1
⇒ log(2 y − 1) = log(2 x + 3) + log c , , or , , .
2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3
⇒ log(2 y − 1) = log(2 x + 3) c
18. Given, length of the ladder = 5 m = 500 cm
⇒ 2 y − 1 = (2 x + 3) c
Let θ be the angle between floor and ladder, then
2y − 1 2x + 3 1
⇒ =c ⇒ = =k y
2x + 3 2y − 1 c sin θ =
500
2 x + y 4 x  7 7 y − 13
=
8. (d) We have,  On differentiating w.r.t. ‘t’, we get

 5x − 7 4x   y x + 6  dθ 1 dy
cos θ = ⋅
∴ 4x = x + 6 ⇒ x = 2 dt 500 dt
dy
and 2x + y = 7 It is given that = 10 cm /sec
dt
∴ 2(2 ) + y = 7 ⇒ y = 3 x
∴ cos θ = , when x = 200
Hence, x + y = 2 + 3 = 5 500
9. (a) Probability of drawing 2 green balls and one blue ball 200 2
⇒ cos θ = =
from 3 saffron, 3 green and 2 blue balls is 500 5
3
C2 × 2C1 Substituting the respective values, we get
= 8 2 dθ 1
C3 = × 10
5 dt 500
3×2 × 3×2 3
= = dθ 1 5 1
8×7 × 6 28 ⇒ = × = rad /s
dt 50 20 20
10. (c) We have, f ( x ) = e x g( x )
19. Let I = ∫ e ax { af ( x ) + f ′( x )} dx
⇒ f ′ ( x ) = e g( x ) + e g′ ( x )
x x
1
⇒ f ′ (0 ) = e 0 g(0 ) + e 0 g′ (0 )= 1 × (2 ) + 1 × 1= 2 + 1 = 3 On putting ax = t ⇒ a dx = dt ⇒ dx = dt
a
11. decision 1  t t  
a∫
∴ I= e t af   + f ′   dt  
12. coplanar   a  a  
13. skew-symmetric 1 t t
= e af   + C = e t (f (t )) + C = e ax f ( x ) + C
Or a  a
row matrix Or
π
14. parallel Let I = ∫ log tan x dx
2
…(i)
0
15. − f ( x ) π
π 
I = ∫ 2 log tan  − x dx
Or 0 2 
∫ (f ′ ( x ) ⋅ ∫ g( x ) dx )⋅ dx π

I = ∫ 2 log cot x dx …(ii)

0
16. Clearly, the additive inverse of the given matrix A is the
On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
matrix (− A), given by π

−2 −(−5) 0   −2 5 0  2 I = ∫ 2 (log tan x + logcot x ) dx

−A =  =  0
 −4 −3 −(−1)  −4 −3 1 π π

2 I = ∫ 2 (log tan x cot x ) dx = ∫ 2 log 1 dx

17. Let the line makes an angle α with each of the three 0 0

coordinate axes, then its direction cosines are l = cos α, 2I = 0⇒I = 0

m = cos α and n = cos α.
 r → → →
20. The normal vector is n = 3i$ + 5 $j − 6k$ perpendicular ⇒ 3| a|2 − 3 | a|| b|cos θ
distance from origin is 7 units → → →
r − 3 | b|| a|cos θ + | b|2 = 1 (1)
∴Equation of plane is r ⋅ n$ = d
→ →
r (3 i$ + 5 $j − 6 k$ ) where, θ is the angle between a and b.
i.e. r⋅ =7
9 + 25 + 36 ⇒ 3 × 1 − 3 cos θ − 3 × 1 × 1 × cos θ + 1 = 1
r ⇒ 3 = 2 3 cos θ
r ⋅ (3i$ + 5 $j − 6k$ ) = 7 70
3
→ → ⇒ cos θ =
21. Let a = (2 i$ + 6 $j + 27 k$ ) and b = i$ + λ$j + µ k$ 2 3

i$ $j k$ 3 π
⇒ cos θ = ⇒θ=
→ → 2 6
Then, ( a× b) = 2 6 27
→ → π
1 λ µ Hence, the required angle between a and b is .
6 (1)
= (6 µ − 27 λ )i$ − (2µ − 27 )$j + (2 λ − 6)k$ (1) Or
→ → →
Now, ( a× b) = 0 ⇔ 2 λ − 6 = 0 ⇒ λ = 3 The equation of line joining the points
27 P(2, 2, 1) and Q(5, 1,−2) is
and 2µ − 27 = 0 ⇒ µ = x −2 y −2 z −1
2 (1) = =
5 − 2 1 − 2 −2 − 1
cos x − sin x − 1
2 2
, x≠0 x −2 y −2 z −1
22. We have, f ( x ) =  x2 + 1 − 1 ⇒ = =
 3 −1 −3 (1)
 a, x=0
Since, x-coordinate is 4.
Since, f ( x ) is continuous at x = 0. 4−2 z −1
∴ =
∴ lim f ( x ) = f (0 ) 3 −3
x→ 0

⇒ z = −1 (1)
 cos 2 x − sin 2 x − 1
⇒ lim   =a  1+ x 2 + 1− x 2 
x→ 0
 x 2 + 1 − 1  24. LHS = tan −1  
2
 1+ x − 1− x 
2

 1 − sin 2 x − sin 2 x − 1
⇒ lim   =a On putting x 2 = cos 2θ, we get
x→ 0 
 x2 + 1 − 1   1 + cos 2θ + 1 − cos 2θ 
tan −1  
 − 2 sin 2 x   1 + cos 2θ − 1 − cos 2θ 
⇒ lim   =a
x→ 0 
 x 2 + 1 − 1 (1/2)  2 cos 2 θ + 2 sin 2 θ 
= tan −1  
 (1)
 2 cos θ − 2 sin θ 
2 2
sin 2 x x2 + 1 + 1
⇒ − 2 lim × =a
x→ 0
x2 + 1 − 1 x2 + 1 + 1  cos θ + sin θ 
= tan −1  
2
 cos θ − sin θ 
 sin x 
⇒ − 2 lim   × xlim x2 + 1 + 1 = a  1 + tan θ 
x → 0 x  = tan −1 
→ 0

 1 − tan θ 
 sin x 
Q xlim = 1
→ 0 x  (1/2) [dividing numerator and denominator by cos θ]
 π  π
⇒ − 2(1)2 × ( (0 + 1) + 1) = a = tan −1 tan  + θ  = + θ
⇒ −2 ×2 = a  4  4

⇒ a=−4 π 1
(1) = + cos −1 x 2 = RHS Hence proved. (1)
→ → → → 4 2
23. Given, a and b are two unit vectors, then| a| =| b| = 1. 2π dx
25. Let I=∫ …(i)
→ → 0 1 + e sin x
Also, ( 3 a − b) is a unit vector.
2π dx 2π 1
∴
→ →
| 3 a− b| = 1 ⇒ | 3 a− b|2 = 12
→ →
I=∫ =∫ dx (1)
0 1 + e sin( 2π − x) 0 1 + e − sin x
→ → → → → → →
⇒ ( 3 a − b) ⋅ ( 3 a − b) = 1 [Q| a|2 = a ⋅ a] 2π e sin x
I=∫ dx …(ii)
→ → → → → → → → 0 1 + e sin x
⇒ 3 ( a⋅ a) − 3 ( a⋅ b) − 3 (b⋅ a) + b ⋅ b = 1
 On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get θ 1
=− cos 2θ + sin 2θ
2π 1+ e sin x 2π 2 4
2I = ∫ dx = ∫ dx −1 1
0 1 + e sin x 0
= θ (1 − 2 sin 2 θ ) + sin θ 1 − sin 2θ
2 2
2 I = [ x ]20π = 2 π
−1 −1 1
I=π (1) = (1 − 2 x ) sin x + x 1− x …(ii) (1)
2 2
26. From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
1 2 3 4 5 6 4 − 1 −1 1 
X I1 =  (1 − 2 x ) sin x + x − x2  − x + c
P( X ) k 4k 9k 5k 6k 7k π 2 2 
2
We know that, = { x − x 2 − (1 − 2 x ) sin − 1 x } − x + c
π (1)
Σ Pi ( X ) = 1
28. We have, ( xdy − ydx ) y sin   = ( ydx + xdy ) x cos  
y y
∴ k + 4k + 9k + 5k + 6k + 7 k = 1  x  x
⇒ 32 k = 1  y  y
1 ⇒ xy sin   dy − y 2 sin  
⇒ k=  x  x
(1)
32  y  y
⇒ dx = xy cos   dx + x 2 cos 2   dy
E( X ) = Σ X P( X ) = k + 8 k + 27 k + 20 k + 30 k + 42 k  x  x
= 128 k   y  y 
⇒  xy sin  x  − x cos  x   dy
2

1  
= 128 × =4 (1)
32   y  y 
=  xy cos   + y 2 sin    dx
Or   x   x 
dy xy cos( y / x ) + y 2 sin( y / x )
Let A and B are event of total of 6 and 7, respectively. ⇒ =
dx xy sin( y / x ) − x 2 cos( y / x ) (1/2)
∴ A = {(2, 4), (1, 5), (5, 1), (4, 2), (3, 3)}
Dividing numerator and denominator by x 2, we get
B = {(1, 6), (2, 5), (3, 4), (4, 3), (5, 2), (6, 1)} 2
 y  y  y
5 6 y / x cos   +   cos  
P( A) = , P(B) = dy  x  x  x
36 36 = …(i)
du  y
y / x sin( y / x ) − cos  
∴Required probability = P( A ) ⋅ P(B ) ⋅ P( A)  x
31 30 5 775 dy dv
= × × = On putting y = vx ⇒ =v+ x
36 36 36 7776 (2) dx dx (1/2)
−1 −1
dy
sin x − cos x On putting the values of and y in Eq. (i), we get
27. Let I=∫ dx dx
sin − 1 x + cos −1
x
 vx  v x  vx 
2 2
vx
cos   + 2 sin  
π  dv x  x x  x
sin − 1 x −  − sin − 1 x v+ x =
2  dx vx  vx   vx 
=∫ dx sin   − cos  
π x  x  x
2 dv v cos v + v 2 sin v
 π ⇒ v+ x =
−1
x + cos −1
x =  dx v sin v − cos v
Q sin 2  (1)
dv v cos v + v 2 sin v
2  π ⇒ x = −v
= ∫ 2 sin − 1 x −  dx dx v sin v − cos v
π  2
4 dv v cos v + v 2 sin v − v(v sin v − cos v )
= ∫ sin −1
x dx − ∫ 1⋅ dx ⇒ x =
π dx v sin v − cos v
4 4 dv v cos v + v 2 sin v − v 2 sin v − v cos v
= ∫ sin − 1 x dx − x + c = I1 − x + c, ⇒ x =
π π dx v sin v − cos v
where I1 = ∫ sin − 1 x dx …(i)
(1)  v sin v − cos v  dx
⇒   dv = 2
On putting x = sin θ ⇒ dx = 2 sin θ cos θdθ = sin 2θdθ,
2
 v cos v  x
cos 2θ 1  v sin v cos v  dx
∴ I1 = ∫ θ sin 2θ dθ = − θ + ∫ 2 cos 2θ dθ ⇒  −  dv = 2
I II 2  v cos v v cos v  x
  1 dx  θ
⇒  tan v −  dv = 2  sec 2 
 v  x (1) ⇒
dx
= a − sin θ + 2 and dy = a cos θ
dθ θ dθ
On integrating both sides, we get  2 tan 
 2
 1 dx
⇒ ∫  tan v − v  dv = 2 ∫ x ⇒
dx 
= a − sin θ +
1 
 and
dy
= a cos θ
dθ  sin θ  dθ
dv dx
⇒ ∫ tan vdv − ∫ v = 2 ∫ x ⇒
dx
=a
cos 2 θ
and
dy
= a cos θ
dθ sin θ dθ
⇒ log|sec v | − log| v | = 2 log| x | + log|c|
dy
sec v sec v a cos θ
⇒ log = log| x 2 c|⇒ = x 2c (1) ∴
dy dθ
= = = tan θ
v v dx dx cos 2 θ
a
sec( y / x )  y dθ sin θ
⇒ = x 2c Q v = x 
( y / x) dy
⇒ = tan θ
⇒ sec( y / x ) = ( y / x ) x 2 c dx
 y d 2 y d tan θ dθ
⇒ sec   = cxy ⇒ = ×
 x (1) dx 2 dθ dx
Or d 2y sin θ  dx a cos 2 θ 
⇒ = sec 2 θ × dθ = sin θ 
e− 2 x y  dx dx 2 a cos 2 θ  
We have,  −  = 1, x ≠ 0
 x x  dy 30. Let p denote the probability of drawing a white ball from
dy e − 2 x y dy y e− 2 x an urn containing 5 white, 7 red and 8 black balls. Then,
⇒ = − ⇒ + =
dx x x dx x x (1) 5
C1 5 1
p= 20
= =
Which is a linear differential equation of the form C1 20 4
dy 1 3
+ Py = Q. So, q = 1− p = 1− =
dx 4 4
1 e− 2 x
P= and Q = . Let X denote the number of white balls in 4 draws with
x x replacement. Then, X is a binomial variate with
1 1
∫
parameters n = 4 and p = such that
dx
∴ IF = e ∫ Pdx = e x
= e2 x
(1) 4
On multiplying both sides of Eq. (i) by IF = e 2 x
, we get P ( X = r ) = Probability that r balls are white
r 4−r
dy 2 ye 2 x
1  1  3
e x
+ = = 4 Cr     ; r = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 …(i)
dx x x  4  4
(1) (1)
On integrating both sides, we get Now,
e − 2 x
(i) Probability that all are white = P ( X = 4)
ye 2 x
= ∫ e2 x ⋅ dx + c 4 4−4 4
x  1  3  1
= 4 C4     =  [using Eq. (i)] (1)
1  4  4  4
⇒ ye 2 x
=∫ dx + c
x (ii) Probability that only 3 are white = P ( X = 3)
4−3
⇒ =2 x + c
3
ye 2 x
 1  3
= 4 C3     [using Eq. (i)]
⇒ y = 2 x + ce− 2 x  4  4
3
 1
Which is the required solution of the given differential = 3  (1)
equation. (1)  4
(iii) Probability that at least three are white = P ( X ≥ 3)
29. We have,
= P ( X = 3) + P ( X = 4)
 θ
x = a cos θ + log tan  and y = a sin θ  1  3
3 4−3
 1  3
4 0

 2 = 4 C3     + 4 C4     [using Eq. (i)]

 4  4  4  4
d 2y 1
⇒ = sec 3 θ tan θ  1
4
dx 2 a = 13   (1)
 4
 3x + 1 − 12 ± 144 − 4(4) (15 − y )
31. Given, f ( x ) = and f ( x ) : R − { z} → R − { z} Now, x=
x −2 8
For one-one Let f ( x1 ) = f ( x2 ) , for some x1, x2 ∈ A [by Sridharacharya’s formula]
3 x1 + 1 3 x2 + 1 − 12 ± 4 9 − (15 − y )
⇒ = =
x1 − 2 x2 − 2 8
⇒ (3 x1 + 1) ( x2 − 2 ) = (3 x2 + 1) ( x1 − 2 ) − 3± y − 6
=
⇒ 3 x1 x2 − 6 x1 + x2 − 2 = 3 x1 x2 − 6 x2 + x1 − 2 2 (1)
− 3− y − 6
⇒ − 6 x1 + x2 = − 6 x2 + x1 But x≠ [Q x ∈ N]
⇒ − 6 x1 − x1 = − 6 x2 − x2 2
− 3+ y − 6 − 3+ y − 6
⇒ − 7 x1 = − 7 x2 ⇒ x1 = x2 (1) ∴ x= ⇒ f − 1( y ) =
2 2
So, f ( x ) is one-one function.
− 3+ x−6
For onto So, f − 1 : range (f ) → N defined as f − 1( x ) = .
2
3x + 1 (1)
Let y= , then
x −2 32. Let x kg of type A and y kg of type B fertilizer be mixed by
⇒ xy − 2 y = 3 x + 1 the farmer to meet the requirement with minimum cost.
Then, linear programming problem is
⇒ xy − 3 x = 2 y + 1
⇒ x( y − 3) = 2 y + 1 Minimise, C = 5 x + 8 y
2y + 1 Subject to the constraints
⇒ x=
y−3 10 5
x+ y ≥7
Since, x ∈ R − {2}, ∀ ∈ R − { 3}. (1) 100 100
So, range of f ( x ) = R − { 3 }. 2 x + y ≥ 140 ...(i) (1/2)
∴ Range = Codomain 6 10
x+ y ≥7
So, f ( x ) is onto function. (1) 100 100
Also, from Eq. (i), we get 3 x + 5 y ≥ 350 ... (ii) (1/2)
2y + 1 and x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
f − 1( y ) = [Q x = f − 1( y ) ]
y−3 Lines 2 x + y = 140 ...(iii) (1/2)
2 x+1
or f − 1( x ) = and 3 x + 5 y = 350 ...(iv) (1/2)
x−3 (1) are drawn on the same graph.
Or Y
We have a mapping f : N → R defined as
(0, 140) B
f ( x ) = 4 x 2 + 12 x + 15.
To show f : N → range (f ) is invertible. For this it is
sufficient to prove that f is one-one.
[Q range (f ) = codomain (f ) ⇒ f is onto] D
For one-one (1)
Let x1, x2 ∈ N such that f ( x1 ) = f ( x2 ) (50, 40) P
Then, 4 x + 12 x1 + 15 = 4 x + 12 x2 + 15
2
1
2
2 X′ X
O A C
⇒ 4 ( x12 − x22 ) = 12( x2 − x1 ) (350/3, 0)
⇒ (4 ( x1 + x2 ) + 12 ) ( x1 − x2 ) = 0 Y′ 2x+y=140 3x+5y=350
(1)
⇒ x1 − x2 = 0 [Q4 x1 + 4 x2 + 12 ≠ 0 as x1, x2 ∈ N] The shaded region is the feasible region. The lines meet
⇒ x1 = x2 (1) at P(50, 40 ).
⇒ f is one-one. Now, C = 5x + 8y
Hence, f : N → range (f ) is invertible.  350  350 1750
At C  , 0 ⇒ C = 5 × + 0= = ` 583.33
Now, to find inverse of f,  3  3 3
Let y = f( x) At P (50, 40 ) ⇒ C = 5 × 50 + 8 × 40 = ` 570
⇒ y = 4 x 2 + 12 x + 15 At B(0, 140 ) ⇒ C = 0 + 8 × 140 = ` 1120
∴ 4 x 2 + 12 x + 15 − y = 0 ∴ Cost is minimum at P(50, 40 ), i.e. 50 kg of type A and
40 kg type B is mixed to meet the requirement. (1)
33. Let AOB be a right angled triangle with hypotenuse AB On differentiating w.r.t. x, we get
2 x 2 y dy
such that a point P on AB is distance a and b from OA and + =0
OB respectively, i.e. PL = a and PM = b a2 b2 dx
dy − b2 x
B ⇒ = 2
dx a y
 dy  b2 h
⇒   =− 2
 dx  ( h, k ) ak (1)
θ
M P Since, x cos α + y sin α = P is a tangent of curve.
b
∴Point P(h, k ) lie on the tangent
a x cos α + y sin α = P
θ ⇒ h cos α + k sin α = P …(i)
O L A (1) Slope of tangent of curve = Slope of tangent of
Let ∠OAB = θ. x cos α + y sin α = P
Then, AP = a cosec θ and BP = b sec θ − b2 h cos α
Let ‘l’ be the length of the hypotenuse AB. Then, ∴ =−
a2k sin α
l = AP + BP ⇒ l = a cosec θ + b sec θ
dl a2k cos α
⇒ = − a cosec θ cot θ + b sec θ tan θ ⇒ h=
dθ b2 sin α (1)
2
d l On putting the value of h in Eq. (i), we get
and = a cosec 3 θ + a cosec θ cot 2 θ
dθ 2 a2k cos 2 α
+ k sin α = P
+ b sec 2 θ + b sec θ tan 2 θ(1) b2 sin α (1)
For maximum or minimum, put Pb sin α
2
⇒ k=
dl
=0 a2 cos 2 α + b2 sin 2 α
dθ Pa2 cos α
and h=
− a cosec θ cot θ + b sec θ tan θ = 0 a cos 2 α + b2 sin 2 α
2
(2)
cos θ b sin θ
⇒ −a 2 + =0 On putting the value of (h, k ) in equation of curve
sin θ cos 2 θ x2 y2
+ = 1, we get
a a2 b2
⇒ tan 3 θ =
b P 2a4 cos 2 α P 2b4 sin 2 α
1/ 3 + 2 2 =1
 a a (a cos α + b sin α )
2 2 2 2 2 2
b (a cos 2 α + b2 sin 2 α )
⇒ tan θ =  
 b (1) ⇒ P 2 = a2 cos 2 α + b2 sin 2 α Hence proved. (1)
1/ 3 1/ 3
a b
∴ sin θ = and cos θ = 34. Let B be the image of the point A(2 i$ + 3 $j − 4 k$ ) in the
a2/ 3 + b2/ 3 a2/ 3 + b2/ 3 →
1/ 3
plane r ⋅ (2 i$ − $j + 4 k$ ) − 3 = 0.
 a
2
d l
Clearly, > 0 for tan θ =   →
∴AB is normal to the plane.
dθ 2
 b
→
 a
1/ 3
Equation of AB is r = (2 i$ + 3 $j − 4 k$ ) + λ (2 i$ − $j + k$ )
Thus, l is minimum, when tan θ =  
 b (1) Let the position vector of
The minimum value of l is given by B = (2 + 2 λ )i$ + (3 − λ )$j − (4 − λ ) k$ …(i) (1)

l = a cosec θ + b sec θ Let C be the mid-point of AB.

Position vector of C
l = a 1 + cot 2θ + b 1 + tan 2 θ
[(2 + 2 λ )i$ + (3 − λ )$j − (4 − λ )k$ ] + 2 i$ + 3 $j + 4k$ )
=
2/ 3 2/ 3 2
 b  a
⇒ l = a 1+   + b 1+    λ $  4 − λ $
 a  b = (2 + λ )i +  3 −  j − 
$ k
 2  2  (2)
⇒ λ = (a2/ 3 + b2/ 3 )3/ 2 (2)
→
Since, C lies on the plane r ⋅ (2 i$ − $j + k$ ) − 3 = 0.
Or   λ  λ 
Let the point P(h, k ) lie on the curve ∴ (2 + λ )i$ +  3 −  $j −  4 −  k$  ⋅ (2 i$ − $j + k$ )
  2   2 
x2 y2
+ = 1.  λ  λ
a2 b2 ⇒ 2(2 + λ ) +  3 −  $j − 1  4 −  − 3 = 0
 2  2
 λ λ 2  2
3 4
⇒ 4 + 2λ − 3 + − 4 + − 3 = 0 ⇒ 3λ − 6 = 0 4
2 2 =2 × x  +
3  0 ∫ 0
42 − t 2dt, where x − 4 = t
6
⇒ λ = =2 4
3 (1) 32  t 1 t
= + 42 − t 2 + × 42 × sin − 1 
∴ Position of vector of B =(2 + 4)i$ + (3 − 2 )$j − (4 − 2 ) k$ 3  2 2 4 0
[using Eq. (i)] 32  4 1 
= +  × 0 + × 42 × sin − 1 1
= 6i + j − 2 k
$ $ $ 3  2 2 
Thus, the image of 2 i$ + 3 $j − 4 k$ in the given plane is 32  π
= + 0 + 8 × 
(6, 1, − 2 ). (2) 3  2
Or 32
= + 4π
Equation of plane through the intersection of given two 3
planes is 4
= (8 + 3π ) sq units
( x + y + z − 1) + λ (2 x + 3 y + 4 z − 5) = 0 3 (2)
⇒ (1 + 2 λ )x + (1 + 3λ )y + (1 + 4λ )z − 1 − 5λ = 0 …(i)(2) 36. We know that,
Q Plane (i) is perpendicular to the plane
A = IA
x − y + z = 0.
 3 −1 −2   1 0 0 
So, 1 (1 + 2 λ ) − 11
( + 3λ ) + 11
( + 4λ ) = 0 ⇒ 3λ = −1 2 0 −1 = 0 1 0  A
or
1    
∴ λ=− (2) 3 −5 0  0 0 1
3
∴Equation of the plane is 1 −1 −1  1 −1 0 
⇒ 2 0 −1 = 0 1 0  A
 2  4 5    
1 −  x + (1 − 1)y + 1 −  z − 1 + = 0 3 −5 0  0 0 1
 3  3 3
⇒ x− z+2 = 0 [applying R1 → R1 − R2] (1)
Distance of above plane from (1, 1, 1),  1 −1 −1  1 −1 0 
1− 1+ 2 2 ⇒ 0 2 1  =  −2 3 0  A
∴ d = ⇒d = = 2 units (2)    
1+ 1 2 0 −2 3   −3 3 1
35. The given equation of the circle x 2 + y 2 = 8 x can be [applying R2 → R2 + (−2 ) R1 and R3 → R3 + (−3) R1] (1)
expressed as ( x − 4)2 + y 2 = 16. Thus, the centre of the  1 −1 −1   1 −1 0 
circle is (4, 0) and radius is 4. Its intersection with the ⇒  0 1 1 / 2  =  −1 3 / 2 0  A
   
parabola y 2 = 4 x gives 0 −2 3  −3 3 1
x 2 + 4x = 8x ⇒ x 2 − 4x = 0
[applying R2 → R2 (1 / 2 ) ] (1)
⇒ x( x − 4) = 0 ⇒ x = 0 or x = 4 (2)
 1 0 −1 / 2   0 1 / 2 0 
Thus, the points of intersection of these two curves are ⇒  0 1 1 / 2  =  −1 3 / 2 0  A
O(0, 0 ) and P(4, 4) above the X-axis.    
0 0 4  −5 6 1
Y P (4, 4)
[applying R1 → R1 + R2 and R3 → R3 + 2 R2] (1)
 1 0 −1 / 2   0 1/ 2 0 
⇒  0 1 1 / 2  =  −1 3 / 2 0  A
X′ X    
O C (4, 0) Q (8, 0) 0 0 1  −5 / 4 3 / 2 1 / 4
[applying R3 → 1 / 4 R3] (1)
Y′  1 0 0   −5 / 8 5 / 4 1 / 8 
(2) 0 1 0  = −3 / 8 3 / 4 −1 / 8 A
⇒
From the figure, the required area of the region OPQCO    
included between these two curves above X-axis is 0 0 1 −5 / 4 3 / 2 1 / 4 
= (Area of the region OCPO ) [applying R2 → R1 + (1 / 2 ) R3 and R2 → R2 + (1 / 2 ) R3]
+ (Area of the region PCQP)  −5 / 8 5 / 4 1 / 8 
Hence, A−1 = −3 / 8 3 / 4 −1 / 8
4 8
= ∫ ydx + ∫ ydx
0 4  
4 8 −5 / 4 3 / 2 1 / 4  (1)
= 2∫ xdx + ∫ 42 − ( x − 4)2 dx
0 4