JARO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 1

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

Fajardo Extension, Jaro, Iloilo City

Preferred Teaching Methods in Senior High School: The Students’

Perception

Juliano, John Paul L.

Morada, Ronald G.

Amada, Barbarra

Abebenir, Marian Jayne A.

De los Santos, Shane I.

Factuar, Mariah Jennifer D.

Gapasinao,Jissa D.

Glorial, Rose Anne J.

Paderan, Ellaiza H.

Quennie D. Jales

August 14, 2019

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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Fajardo Extension, Jaro, Iloilo City

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

Educational institutions are now paging a great deal of attention to students’

learning style in planning the curriculum and designing instructional units to improve

learning outcomes. With ample knowledge on varied learning styles, institutions will

be able to optimize the learning process of the students (Truong, 2016).

Content delivery in schools should match the students’ learning style (Soflano,

Connolly, & Hainey, 2015). Students tend to perceive information differently, such as

by viewing and listening, reflective and acting to reasoning logically and intuitively and

also scrutinizing and visualizing (Felder and Henriques, 1995).

Due to that, teachers should pay attention to their approach of classroom teaching

and maximize student learning by utilizing different method with the use of present

technologies (Anthony, Latt, Afrose, and Khaing, 2018).

Teaching method refers to the interaction style or techniques of a teacher that

implies logical arrangement to direct the students toward certain goals or objective

(Karito, 2014). It comprises the principles of methods used for instructions. Commonly

used teaching methods may include class participation, demonstration, recitation,

memorization, or combination of these. The choice of teaching method or methods to

be used largely on the information or skill that is being taught, and it may also be

influenced by the attitude and enthusiasm of the students.

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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Fajardo Extension, Jaro, Iloilo City

Students commonly have different issues about the teacher’s method of

teaching that affect students’ participation during class discussions and especially in

their academic performance. Some of the teachers usually decided their methods of

teaching according to their own without considering the students preferred teaching

methods. In this way, students lose their focus, participation and cooperation in class

because the teaching method used by the teacher does not get the attention of the

students.

Therefore, teachers should not disregard the importance of choosing the

appropriate teaching method to suit students learning styles, but teaching and

learning styles play a crucial role in language learning development and achievement.

The purpose of the study is to identify the preferred teaching methods of Senior

High Students in Jaro National High School, which can help them to be cooperative,

to easily understand the lessons in different subjects, and excel in their academic

respect.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine this preferred teaching methods of Senior High

School students in Jaro National High School (JNHS).

Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What are the preferred teaching methods in Senior High School as perceived

by students as a whole and when classified as to sex, grade level and Senior

High School strand?

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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Fajardo Extension, Jaro, Iloilo City

2. Is there a significant difference in the preferred teaching method of Senior High

School as perceived by students when classified as to age, sex, grade level,

and SHS strand?

Significance of the study

This study shall be beneficial to the various group of people.

Student - not only in the Senior High School level can use the information

which this study will produce their decision of what teaching strategies is effective to

their selves and improve their performance and concentration in class.

Teachers - they will have a broader understanding on teaching and related

activities. Since they teach students, through this study they should gain knowledge

to the different structural approaches to be employed in teaching for the effectiveness

of their lesson.

College instructors- Through this study they can assist themselves if they

are using an effective methods towards imparting knowledge by their students this

study also provides them an opportunity to choose on what particular methods they’re

going to use in their discussion process for the efficacy of the teaching learning

process.

To education in general - this study provides idea or how to make their

teaching profession an enjoyable one, rather than at the burden, furthermore. This

study enhance the credibility of teaching develop their teaching strategies to its

positive state and improve their teaching capacity.

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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Fajardo Extension, Jaro, Iloilo City

Future Researchers - this study focuses on impact of effective teaching

strategies on the student’s academic performance, the purpose of this study is to

understand the students preferred learning strategies of Senior High School students,

which can help them to be responsible and how they arrange or put all their

knowledge.

Scope and Delimitation

This study is a descriptive research focusing on the preferred teaching

methods of Senior High School students of Jaro National High School in the first

semester of the academic year 2019-2020.

The respondents will be selected through simple random sampling. Slovin’s

formula will be used to determine the number of respondents. Moreover, this research

designed to have a thorough knowledge about the preferred teaching strategies that

involves the Senior High School students of Jaro National High School and will not aim

to determine this variable in other field.

Conceptual Frameworks

Independent Variables Dependent Variables

 Age
 Sex Preferred Teaching Methods
 Grade level in Senior High School
 Senior High Strand
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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Fajardo Extension, Jaro, Iloilo City

Theoretical Framework

Evaluation of school and teaching is of great contemporary relevance. In many

countries, internal and external evaluations of teachers and schools are being

conducted, and numerous systems are being developed to assess teachers'

performance. In order to develop and judge such systems, it is necessary to focus

meticulously on the state of research and identify any potential shortcomings in theory

and practice. The book by Campbell, Kyriakidis, Muijs, and Robinson does both of

these: It presents an overview of the teacher effectiveness research and draws

attention to the shortcomings and unanswered questions inherent in theory and

research. The book makes it clear that teacher effectiveness is a complex construct,

which is dependent on a large number of variables that have direct and indirect effects

on pupils' achievement. Hence, teacher effectiveness is not simply an individual

responsibility, but the result of a responsibility of the whole school and its members

(staff and pupils). The authors argue that teacher effectiveness is too narrowly

conceptualized, does not embrace the complex relationships between the relevant

variables and does not do justice to the complexities of causal relationships. The book

begins by outlining previous research in teacher effectiveness, which has produced a

great deal of empirical evidence for the impact of characteristics of teaching, such as

classroom management, time spent on tasks, giving feedback, variety of questioning,

and so on.
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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Fajardo Extension, Jaro, Iloilo City

Definition of terms

The following terms were defined conceptually and operationally.

Prefer. It is defined as like (one thing or person) better than or others;

tend to choose (Webster Dictionary).

In this study, “prefer” is defined as the desires or perceptions of the

students towards something.

Senior High School (SHS). Senior High School is defined as the

secondary school typically comprising the three highest grades

In this study, “SHS’’ referred basically to the grades 11 and 12, and the

main respondents in this study.

Method. It is defined a systematic, procedure, technique, or mode of inquiry

employed by or proper to particular discipline (Merriam Webster dictionary).

In this study, “Method” is defined as practice or systematic process of achieving certain

ends with in an ordered sequence of fixed steps.

Perception. It is defined as a belief or opinion, often held by many people and based

on how things was seen (Campbridge Dictionary).

In this study “Perception” is defined as the organization, identification, and

interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the

presented information, or the environment.

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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Fajardo Extension, Jaro, Iloilo City

Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Education is a light that shows the mankind direction to surge (Khurshid and

Ansari, 2012). The purpose of education is not just making a student literate but adds

rationale thinking, knowledgeability, and self-sufficiency. When there is a willingness

to change there is hope for progress in any field. Creativity can be develop and

innovation benefits both the students and the teachers. If education fails to inculcate

self-discipline and commitment to achieve in the minds of the students, it is not their

fault. Converting education into a sport and learning process has to generate interest

in the students and motivate them to stay back in the institution than to run away

from it. Education should become a fun and thrill to them rather than burden and

boredom. It is an integral part of their growth and helps them become good citizens.

“Education is an engine for the growth and process of any society. It not only imparts

knowledge, skills, and inculcates values, but is also responsible for building human

capital which breeds, drives and sets technological innovations and economic growth.

In today’s era, accelerating technological change demands a change in education

system to more of modern education format (Damodaran and Rengarajan, 2012).

Since new technologies are appearing at such a fast pace. Primary education

will only form a foundation for future learning. It is no longer enough to be second

best: every one need 21st century skill not just better skills but different skills (Gupta,

2010). To respond this social-economic skills for life and instilling a love learning. Since
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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Fajardo Extension, Jaro, Iloilo City

modern day education is aided with a variety of technology: computers, projectors,

internet and many more wherein everything that can be simplified has been made

simpler, we need to think a way to organize learning so that those who are excluded

by geography, poverty or learning style have real chance to experience these changes

in education. With all these changes happens in education, teaching methods is also

changing in respect of the classroom experiences (Tebabal and Kahssay, 2011).

To facilitate the process of knowledge, transmission, should apply appropriate

teaching methods that best suits the specific objective and level exit outcomes.

Substantial research on the effectiveness of teaching methods indicates the quality of

teaching is reflected by the achievements. Teaching is a process that involves bringing

about desirable changes in learners so as to achieve a specific outcomes. In order for

the method use for teaching to be effective (Ayeni, 2012). Maintains the teachers

need to be conversant with numerous teaching methods that take the recognition of

the magnitude of complexity of the concepts to be covered. He indicated that in order

to bring desirable changes in the students, teaching methods used by educators

should be best for the subject matter (Adunola, 2011). Furthermore, to sustain the

teaching methods works effectively in order to suit earners needs every learner must

interpret and respond to questions in a unique way. As such, alignment of teaching

method with the students and preferred learning influence the students’ academic

attainments (Zeed, 2013).

Teachers should always reflect on their own methods to improve the teaching

learning process. Also, in choosing an appropriate teaching method, teachers should

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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Fajardo Extension, Jaro, Iloilo City

consider his/her subject matter and students. It is not necessary that brainstorming is

always effective in teaching learning process thus, when a teacher employ a teaching

method, he/she needs to exert an effort to fully experience the effectiveness of the

teaching method (Martin, Laciste, & Concepcion).

This discussion focuses on impact of effective teaching methods on the

students’ academic performance and learning outcome along with the researcher’s

own experiences. A teacher plays a vital role within a few hours in the classroom by

delivering the daily specific planned content which is a part of curriculum for a specific

grade. It depends on the teacher to plan it out and use effective strategies for its

instructional deliverance. Teachers must have passion for learning and teaching as

well as to understand needs and interests of the students. World is changing and

advancing day by day, so teachers need to be technology savvies as well, in order to

meet new global emerging demands.

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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Fajardo Extension, Jaro, Iloilo City

Chapter 3

METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This study will be used descriptive survey method used to assess socio-

demographic profile such as age, sex, grade level, Senior High strand, and preferred

teaching methods of the students that affect the academic performance of Senior High

students of Jaro National High School.

Respondents of the Study

The respondents will be gathered from Senior High School students of Jaro

National High School, Fajardo Ext., Jaro, Iloilo City.

A cluster sampling as a sampling technique will be utilized.

Instruments

A researcher-made questionnaire will be used in the study. It will be divided

into two parts. The first part will contain questions on respondent’s profile in terms of

sex, grade level, and Senior High Strand. The second part will compose of questions

related to students’ preferred teaching method. Possible responses is limited to a five-

point Likert Scale: Strongly preferred

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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Fajardo Extension, Jaro, Iloilo City

Data Collection Procedure

The researchers will ask permission from the principal to conduct survey on the

school premises. After approval, questionnaires will be distributed to the respondents.

The participation is voluntary, and written informed consent will be obtained before

the survey. Questionnaires will be retrieved the same day to obtain higher response

rate. Then, data will be tabulated and tallied and interpreted.

Plan for Data Analysis

The data collected will be analysed using SPSS version 21. The following

statistical tools will be used:

Frequency and percentage. This will be used to determine the profile of the

respondents in terms of sex, grade level and Senior High School strand.

Mean and standard deviation. This will be used to identify the students

preferred teaching methods.

Independent sample t-test. This will be carried out to measure the

differences on the students preferred teaching methods when classified as to sex and

grade level.

One-way ANOVA. This will carried out to measure the differences on the

students preferred teaching methods when classified as to Senior High School strand.

The data were collected using semi-structured in-depth interviews. In the

process of the study, informed consent will be obtained from all the participants and
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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Fajardo Extension, Jaro, Iloilo City

they were ensured of their responses. The survey will be conducted in their respective

classes and in convenient time. Then, verification of documents and coordination for

subsequent survey will be done.

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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Fajardo Extension, Jaro, Iloilo City

This questionnaire is intended to collect data about Preferred Teaching Methods

of Senior High Students: The Students’ Perception.

Instruction: Please provide the requested information by filling out the blanks or
checking the corresponding items (/).

I:

Name: (Optional) ________________________________

Sex: ___________ Year Level: _________

Strand: __________

II: PREFERRED TEACHING METHODS

0- Not Preferred (NP) 3- Preferred (P)

1- Slightly Preferred (SP) 4- Very Preferred (VP)
2- Moderately Preferred (MP) 5- Extremely Preferred (EP)

Teaching Methods NP SP MP P VP EP

0 1 2 3 4 5
1. Use of video in teaching
2. Case study
3. Problem based learning
4. Small group discussion
5. Lecture
6. Quiz or Quiz down gaming
7. Group work
8. Role Play
9. Debate
10. Presentation by teachers or student
11. Choral speaking
12. Oral reports
13. Use of motion pictures, educational films,
video tapes
14. Individual project
15. Use of pre-test
16. Gaming and simulation
17. Use of slides
18. Textbook assignments
19. Tutorial; peer teaching
20. Use of diagrams, tables, charts, or graphs