𝐵 = 𝑊𝑎𝑖𝑟 − 𝑊𝑙𝑖𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑑

PHYSICS FORMULAE
Angular Velocity, Acceleration, Displacement:
Force:
𝜃
𝐹 = 𝑚𝑔 𝜔=
𝑡
𝜔2 −𝜔1
𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎 𝛼=
𝑡
𝐹𝑓𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝜇. 𝐹𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 = 𝜇𝑚𝑔 Angular KE = 𝐼𝜔2
1
2
Velocity, Acceleration, Displacement:
𝑣 2 = 𝑟𝑔
𝑑
𝑣= 𝑡 𝑚𝑣 2
Centripetal Force: 𝐹 = 𝑟
𝑣−𝑢
𝑎= 𝑡 Force of Gravity:
𝑣 = 𝑢 + 𝑎𝑡 𝐺𝑚1 𝑚2
𝐹= 𝑟2
𝑣 2 = 𝑢2 + 2𝑎𝑑
Escape velocity:
1
𝑑 = 𝑢𝑡 + 2 (𝑎𝑡)2
√2𝐺𝑀
𝑣= 𝑟
𝑢+𝑣
𝑑= ( 2 )𝑡
Radius of planet:
Tension: 2𝐺𝑀
𝑐2
𝑇 = 𝑚(𝑎 + 𝑔)
Specific Heat Capacity:
𝑇 = 𝑚𝑔 − 𝐵
𝑄 = 𝑚𝑐 Δ𝑇
Kinetic and Potential Energy:
𝑘𝐴(𝑇ℎ𝑜𝑡 −𝑇𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑑 )𝑡
1 Conduction =
𝐾𝐸 = 2
𝑚𝑣 2 𝑑
4 4
1 1 Radiation = 𝜖𝜎(𝑇ℎ𝑜𝑡 − 𝑇𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑑 )𝐴
Δ𝐾𝐸 = 𝑚𝑣 2 − 𝑚𝑢2 (= 𝑊)
2 2
Thermal Expansion:
𝑃 = 𝑚𝑔ℎ
Solid: Δ𝐿 = 𝛼𝐿0 Δ𝑇
Work:
Liquid: Δ𝑉 = β𝑉0 Δ𝑇
𝑊 = 𝑓𝑑
Heat of Transformation:
𝑊 = Δ𝐾𝐸
𝑄
𝐿=𝑚
Power:
𝑊 Wavelength, Frequency, Intensity, Doppler:
𝑃=
𝑡 𝑣
𝜆=𝑓
Conservation of Momentum:
𝑚𝐴 𝑢𝐴 + 𝑚𝐵 𝑢𝐵 = 𝑚𝐴 𝑣𝐴 + 𝑚𝐵 𝑣𝐵 1 𝑇
𝑓 = 2𝐿 √𝜇
OR 𝑚𝐴 𝑣𝐴 + 𝑚𝐵 𝑣𝐵 = 0
𝐼
10𝑑𝐵 log (𝐼 )
Density: 0

𝑚 𝑣+𝑣
𝜌= 𝑓𝐿 = (𝑣+𝑣𝐿 ) 𝑓𝑆
𝑉 𝑆

Pressure: 𝐸
𝐼=
𝐴𝑡
𝐹
𝑃=𝐴 Charge:
Absolute pressure = 𝑃𝐴 + 𝜌𝑔ℎ 𝑞𝑒 = 1.6 × 10−19 𝐶
Gauge pressure = 𝜌𝑔ℎ |𝑞1 𝑞2 |
𝐹 = 𝑘( 𝑟2
) where 𝑘 = 8.988 × 109 𝑁 𝑚2 𝐶 −2
Buoyancy: 𝐹𝑒 |𝑞1 𝑞2 |
=
𝐵 = 𝜌𝑉𝑔 𝐹𝑔 4𝜋𝜖0 𝐺𝑚2