Adamson University

College of Engineering

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Design of Centralized Air Conditioning System of a 5-Storey Building

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

in

Air Conditioning and Ventilation Systems

Atienza, Christian Vince G.

De Leon, Ryan Collin C.

Reyes, Mary Niña Belinda O.

Engr. Bienvenido D. Manuntag Jr.

May 2019
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This group project gave us a tremendous impact which was very beneficial for us in term of

enhancing our knowledge in the subject Air-Conditioning and Ventilation Systems. Therefore, the group

wants to express our gratitude to the people who helped us to complete the given project.

Firstly, we would like to thank our professor Engr. Bienvenido D. Manuntag Jr. for giving us the

opportunity to show our skills and creativity, also, for giving us his valuable suggestions and ideas when

we were in need of them. We would also like to thank Engr. Emmanuel S. Federio for providing us his

expertise and information that are relative in completing the project. Lastly, we would like to thank our

family, friends and classmates for helping and encouraging us to complete the project.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Introduction

2. Architectural Structure of the Building

3. Location of the Building

4. PAGASA Data

5. Resource Person

6. Internal Load Computation

7. Duct Computation

8. Duct Lay-out

9. Safety Consideration

10. Tables and Charts

11. References

12. Resume of members

Fig.1. Flow chart of Designing a Centralized Air Conditioning System and Miniature

Fig.2. 3D Scale Drawing

Fig.3. Miniature Model

Fig.4. Actual Building

Fig.5. Ground Floor Plan

Fig.6. Second Floor Plan

Fig.7. Third Floor Plan

Fig.8. Fourth Floor Plan

Fig.9. Fifth Floor Plan

Fig.10. Roof Deck Floor Plan

Fig.11. Front Elevation

Fig.12. Rear Elevation

Fig.13. Right Side Elevation

Fig.14. Left Side Elevation

Fig.15. Cross Section

Fig.16. Longitudinal Section

Fig.17. Schedule of Doors

Fig.18. Schedule of Windows

Fig.19. Average Temperature for 2018

Fig.20. Average Relative Humidity for 2018

Fig.21. Duct System

Fig.22. Fifth Floor Duct Layout

Fig.23. Fourth Floor Duct Layout

Fig.24. Third Floor Duct Layout

Fig.25. Second Floor Duct Layout

Fig.26. Ground Floor Duct Layout

Fig.27. Rendered Ducting System (Branch Ducts)

Fig.28. Ducting 3D

Fig.29. Ducting Side View

Table 1. Diameters of Circular Ducts in Inches Equivalent to Rectangular Ducts

Table 2. Field Duct Sizing Chart

INTRODUCTION

Air Conditioning is the simultaneous control of all, or at least the first three of those factors
affecting both physical and chemical conditions of the atmosphere within any structure. These factors
include temperature, humidity, motion, distribution, dust, bacteria, odors, toxic gases and ionization, most
of which affect in greater or lesser degree human health or comfort. In other words, true air condition
should control temperature by providing heating in winter and cooling in summer. It should control
humidity by adding moisture to the air in the winter (humidifying), and by removing moisture from the
air in the summer (dehumidifying). It should provide and control the air motion and air distribution
throughout the year without the semblance of a draught or stagnation of the air at any point. It should
cleanse the air so as to remove or minimize the dust and bacteria; it should supply the necessary amount
of fresh air for the respiration of the occupants of the conditioned space.

Air conditioning not only heats and cools, not only humidifies and dehumidifies, not only cleans
and purifies the air, but also concerns itself with correct circulation. Air conditioning equipment circulates
the warned or cooled air, as conditions warrant, in such a manner that all parts of a room are kept at an
even temperature. By means of air conditioning, it is possible to have clean, fresh air on continuous
circulation and also the degree of humidity most suitable to any particular seasons of the year and the
individuals in the particular location under consideration.

REQUEST OF
BUILD A MINIATURE COLLECT DATA
START BUILDING FLOOR
MODEL FROM PAGASA
PLAN

RECOMMENDATION
COMPUTATION OF
OF DESIGN DESIGNING DUCT INSTALLATION OF
COOLING AND
CONDITION FROM LAY OUT DUCT TO MINIATURE
HEATING LOAD
AN ENGINEER

END OF OUTPUT
RESULT
PROJECT

Fig.1. Flow chart of Designing a Centralized Air Conditioning System and Miniature
ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURE OF THE BUILDING

Fig.2. 3D Scale Drawing Fig.3. Miniature Model

Fig.4. Actual Building

Fig.5. Ground Floor Plan Fig.6. Second Floor Plan Fig.7. Third Floor Plan

Fig.8. Fourth Floor Plan Fig.9. Fifth Floor Plan Fig.10. Roof Deck Floor Plan
 \

Fig.11. Front Elevation Fig.12. Rear Elevation

Fig.13. Right Side Elevation Fig.14. Left Side Elevation

Fig.15. Cross Section Fig.16. Longitudinal Section

Fig.17. Schedule of Doors

Fig.18. Schedule of Windows

LOCATION SITE

Blk 12 Lot 4 San Simon St., Delpan Tondo, Manila, Philippines

PAGASA DATA
RESOURCE PERSON

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

Ground Floor OZ Building
900 San Marcelino Street, Ermita, Manila 1000
Phone (002) 524-20-11 Local 400

April 2019

Engr. Emmanuel S. Federio

Dear Engr. Federio:

Good day!
We, the Mechanical Engineering students from Adamson University, would like to request a
recommendation of standard air-conditioned air temperature for the 5-storey residence building in San
Simon St., Delpan, Tondo Manila in partial fulfillment of requirements in Air Conditioning and
Ventilation System to design a central air condition system. We would also like to request a photo copy
of your PRC license for the authentication of your recommendation.

We are hoping for your favorable response on this matter. Thank you.

Yours truly,

Atienza, Christian Vince G. De Leon, Ryan Collin C. Reyes, Mary Niña Belinda O.
Recommended Air Conditioned Design Data:

Inside Air Temperature:

Dry Bulb Temperature 75.2⁰F (24⁰C)
Wet Bulb Temperature 64.3⁰F
Dew Point Temperature 57.8⁰F
Relative Humidity 55%

Recommended by:
.

Engr. Emmanuel S. Federio

SIGNATURE OVER PRINTED NAME
REQUEST LETTER FOR A 5 STOREY BUILDING FLOOR PLAN

Engineering Department

Manila City Hall

August 17, 2018

To Whom It May Concern;

Good day, we, the students of Adamson University are requesting to borrow a plan of a at least five story
structure in operational condition within Manila. The Blueprint of the complete structure’s plan will be
photocopy and will be used for educational purposes as a partial fulfilment of the course required in Air
Conditioning and Ventilation Systems. The plan will be serve as the subject for modeling and designing
of a centralized air conditioning system. Rest assured that the copy of the said building plan will be treated
with confidentiality. We are looking forward for your kindest cooperation. Thank you.

Your help is greatly appreciated,

Ryan Collin C. De Leon.

Noted by:

Engr. Bienvenido D. Manuntag Jr., ME

Instructor

Engr. Arnaldo D. Valino, ME

Chairperson, Mechanical Engineering Dept.
INTERNAL LOAD COMPUTATION
Solution

GROUND FLOOR

Heat gain from walls (ground floor)

For the north wall,

Q = Area x U x Eq.TD

Eq. TD = 8 (Table 3-42, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.50 (Table 3-6, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Area = 8 m x 2.7 m = 21.6 m2 x = 232.38144 ft2
1 𝑚2

So,

Q = (232.38144)(0.5)(8) = 929.52576 Btuh

For the east wall,

Q = Area x U x Eq.TD

Eq. TD = 16 (Table 3-42, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.50 (Table 3-6, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Area = (4 m x 2.7 m) – (1.2 m x 1.2 m) – (0.8 m x 2.1 m) = 7.68 m2 x = 82.62 ft2
1 𝑚2

So,

Q = (82.62)(0.5)(16) = 929.52576 Btuh

For the south wall,

Q = Area x U x Eq.TD

Eq. TD = 22 (Table 3-42, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.50 (Table 3-6, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Area = (4.3 m x 2.7 m) = 11.61 m2 x = 124.905024 ft2
1 𝑚2

So,

Q = (124.905024)(0.5)(16) = 1373.955264 Btuh

For the west wall,

Q = Area x U x Eq.TD

Eq. TD = 10 (Table 3-42, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.50 (Table 3-6, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Area = (1.950 m x 2.7 m) – (0.5 m x 1.2 m) – (0.9 m x 2.1 m) = 2.775 m2 x = 29.85456 ft2
1 𝑚2

So,

Q = (29.85456)(0.5)(10) = 149.2728 Btuh

Heat gain from glass (ground floor)

For the east window,

Q = Area {[Table 3-24][Table 3-31] + [Table 3-28][Table 3-32A]} (equation 3-11)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Q = (1.2 x 1.2) m2 x [(16.8)(0.2) + (17.6)(1)] = 307.67302266 Btuh
1 𝑚2
For the west window,

Q = Area {[Table 3-24][Table 3-31] + [Table 3-28][Table 3-32A]} (equation 3-11)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Q = (0.5 x 1.2) m2 x [(57.1)(0.2) + (17.5)(1)] = 186.6797568 Btu
1 𝑚2

Heat gain from partitions (ground floor)

For the south partition,

Temperature difference = 10 (Table 3-1, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.4 (Table 3-9, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Q = (3.7 x 2.7) m2 x (0.4)(10) = 429.92 Btuh
1 𝑚2

For the north partition,

Temperature difference = 10 (Table 3-1, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.4 (Table 3-9, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Q = (2.05 x 2.7) m2 x (0.4)(10) = 238.2 Btuh
1 𝑚2

Heat gain from people (ground floor)

Sensible heat gain from people,

Qs = (3)(220) = 660 Btuh

Latent heat gain from people,

QL = (3)(230) = 690 Btuh

Heat gain from lights (ground floor)

Q = (60)(3.4)(1.2)(5) =1224 Btuh

Heat gain from appliances (ground floor)

Q = 3200 (Table 3-18, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

Summary of heat gains (ground floor)

Item Sensible heat (Btuh) Latent heat (Btuh)

Glass and walls
3608.102703
494.35278;3113.74992
Partitions 668.12
Roof
Total Equipment 4424
People 880 920
TOTAL 8356.222703 920

Total heat gain = 8356.222703 + 920

Total heat gain = 9276.222703 Btuh

SECOND FLOOR

Heat gain from walls (second floor)

For the north wall,

Q = Area x U x Eq.TD

Eq. TD = 8 (Table 3-42, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.50 (Table 3-6, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Area = 8 m x 2.7 m = 21.6 m2 x = 232.38144 ft2
1 𝑚2

So,

Q = (232.38144)(0.5)(8) = 929.52576 Btuh

For the east wall,

Q = Area x U x Eq.TD

Eq. TD = 16 (Table 3-42, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.50 (Table 3-6, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Area = (4 m x 2.7 m) – (1.2 m x 1.2 m) – (0.8 m x 2.1 m) = 7.68 m2 x = 82.62 ft2
1 𝑚2

So,

Q = (82.62)(0.5)(16) = 929.52576 Btuh

For the south wall,

Q = Area x U x Eq.TD

Eq. TD = 22 (Table 3-42, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.50 (Table 3-6, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Area = (4.3 m x 2.7 m) = 11.61 m2 x = 124.905024 ft2
1 𝑚2

So,

Q = (124.905024)(0.5)(16) = 1373.955264 Btuh

For the west wall,

Q = Area x U x Eq.TD

Eq. TD = 10 (Table 3-42, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.50 (Table 3-6, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Area = (1.950 m x 2.7 m) – (0.5 m x 1.2 m) – (0.9 m x 2.1 m) = 2.775 m2 x = 29.85456 ft2
1 𝑚2

So,

Q = (29.85456)(0.5)(10) = 149.2728 Btuh

Heat gain from glass (second floor)

For the east window,

Q = Area {[Table 3-24][Table 3-31] + [Table 3-28][Table 3-32A]} (equation 3-11)

 3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Q = (1.2 x 1.2) m2 x [(16.8)(0.2) + (17.6)(1)] = 307.67302266 Btuh
1 𝑚2

For the west window,

Q = Area {[Table 3-24][Table 3-31] + [Table 3-28][Table 3-32A]} (equation 3-11)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Q = (0.5 x 1.2) m2 x [(57.1)(0.2) + (17.5)(1)] = 186.6797568 Btu
1 𝑚2

Heat gain from partitions (seconnd floor)

For the south partition,

Temperature difference = 10 (Table 3-1, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.4 (Table 3-9, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Q = (3.7 x 2.7) m2 x (0.4)(10) = 429.92 Btuh
1 𝑚2

For the north partition,

Temperature difference = 10 (Table 3-1, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.4 (Table 3-9, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Q = (2.05 x 2.7) m2 x (0.4)(10) = 238.2 Btuh
1 𝑚2

Heat gain from people (second floor)

Sensible heat gain from people,

Qs = (3)(220) = 660 Btuh

Latent heat gain from people,

QL = (3)(230) = 690 Btuh

Heat gain from lights (second floor)

Q = (60)(3.4)(1.2)(5) =1224 Btuh

Heat gain from appliances (second floor)

Q = 3200 (Table 3-18, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

Summary of heat gains (ground floor)

Item Sensible heat (Btuh) Latent heat (Btuh)

Glass and walls
3608.102703
494.35278;3113.74992
Partitions 668.12
Roof
Total Equipment 4424
People 880 920
TOTAL 8356.222703 920

Total heat gain = 8356.222703 + 920

Total heat gain = 9276.222703 Btuh

THIRD FLOOR

Heat gain from walls (third floor)

For the north wall,

Q = Area x U x Eq.TD

Eq. TD = 8 (Table 3-42, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.50 (Table 3-6, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Area = 8 m x 2.7 m = 21.6 m2 x = 232.38144 ft2
1 𝑚2

So,

Q = (232.38144)(0.5)(8) = 929.52576 Btuh

For the east wall,

Q = Area x U x Eq.TD

Eq. TD = 16 (Table 3-42, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.50 (Table 3-6, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Area = (4 m x 2.7 m) – (1.2 m x 1.2 m) – (0.8 m x 2.1 m) = 7.68 m2 x = 82.62 ft2
1 𝑚2

So,

Q = (82.62)(0.5)(16) = 929.52576 Btuh

For the south wall,

Q = Area x U x Eq.TD
Eq. TD = 22 (Table 3-42, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.50 (Table 3-6, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Area = (4.3 m x 2.7 m) = 11.61 m2 x = 124.905024 ft2
1 𝑚2

So,

Q = (124.905024)(0.5)(16) = 1373.955264 Btuh

For the west wall,

Q = Area x U x Eq.TD

Eq. TD = 10 (Table 3-42, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.50 (Table 3-6, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Area = (1.950 m x 2.7 m) – (0.5 m x 1.2 m) – (0.9 m x 2.1 m) = 2.775 m2 x = 29.85456 ft2
1 𝑚2

So,

Q = (29.85456)(0.5)(10) = 149.2728 Btuh

Heat gain from glass (third floor)

For the east window,

Q = Area {[Table 3-24][Table 3-31] + [Table 3-28][Table 3-32A]} (equation 3-11)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Q = (1.2 x 1.2) m2 x [(16.8)(0.2) + (17.6)(1)] = 307.67302266 Btuh
1 𝑚2

For the west window,

Q = Area {[Table 3-24][Table 3-31] + [Table 3-28][Table 3-32A]} (equation 3-11)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Q = (0.5 x 1.2) m2 x [(57.1)(0.2) + (17.5)(1)] = 186.6797568 Btu
1 𝑚2

Heat gain from partitions (third floor)

For the south partition,

Temperature difference = 10 (Table 3-1, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.4 (Table 3-9, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Q = (3.7 x 2.7) m2 x (0.4)(10) = 429.92 Btuh
1 𝑚2

For the north partition,

Temperature difference = 10 (Table 3-1, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.4 (Table 3-9, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Q = (2.05 x 2.7) m2 x (0.4)(10) = 238.2 Btuh
1 𝑚2

Heat gain from people (third floor)

Sensible heat gain from people,

Qs = (3)(220) = 660 Btuh

Latent heat gain from people,

QL = (3)(230) = 690 Btuh

Heat gain from lights (third floor)

Q = (60)(3.4)(1.2)(5) =1224 Btuh

Heat gain from appliances (third floor)

Q = 3200 (Table 3-18, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

Summary of heat gains (ground floor)

Item Sensible heat (Btuh) Latent heat (Btuh)

Glass and walls
3608.102703
494.35278;3113.74992
Partitions 668.12
Roof
Total Equipment 4424
People 880 920
TOTAL 8356.222703 920

Total heat gain = 8356.222703 + 920

Total heat gain = 9276.222703 Btuh

FOURTH FLOOR

Heat gain from walls (fourth floor)

For the north wall,

Q = Area x U x Eq.TD

Eq. TD = 8 (Table 3-42, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.50 (Table 3-6, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Area = 8 m x 2.7 m = 21.6 m2 x = 232.38144 ft2
1 𝑚2

So,

Q = (232.38144)(0.5)(8) = 929.52576 Btuh

For the east wall,

Q = Area x U x Eq.TD

Eq. TD = 16 (Table 3-42, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.50 (Table 3-6, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Area = (4 m x 2.7 m) – (1.2 m x 1.2 m) – (0.8 m x 2.1 m) = 7.68 m2 x = 82.62 ft2
1 𝑚2

So,

Q = (82.62)(0.5)(16) = 929.52576 Btuh

For the south wall,

Q = Area x U x Eq.TD
Eq. TD = 22 (Table 3-42, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.50 (Table 3-6, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Area = (4.3 m x 2.7 m) = 11.61 m2 x = 124.905024 ft2
1 𝑚2

So,

Q = (124.905024)(0.5)(16) = 1373.955264 Btuh

For the west wall,

Q = Area x U x Eq.TD

Eq. TD = 10 (Table 3-42, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.50 (Table 3-6, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Area = (1.950 m x 2.7 m) – (0.5 m x 1.2 m) – (0.9 m x 2.1 m) = 2.775 m2 x = 29.85456 ft2
1 𝑚2

So,

Q = (29.85456)(0.5)(10) = 149.2728 Btuh

Heat gain from glass (fourth floor)

For the east window,

Q = Area {[Table 3-24][Table 3-31] + [Table 3-28][Table 3-32A]} (equation 3-11)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Q = (1.2 x 1.2) m2 x [(16.8)(0.2) + (17.6)(1)] = 307.67302266 Btuh
1 𝑚2

For the west window,

Q = Area {[Table 3-24][Table 3-31] + [Table 3-28][Table 3-32A]} (equation 3-11)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Q = (0.5 x 1.2) m2 x [(57.1)(0.2) + (17.5)(1)] = 186.6797568 Btu
1 𝑚2

Heat gain from partitions (fourth floor)

For the south partition,

Temperature difference = 10 (Table 3-1, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.4 (Table 3-9, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Q = (3.7 x 2.7) m2 x (0.4)(10) = 429.92 Btuh
1 𝑚2

For the north partition,

Temperature difference = 10 (Table 3-1, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.4 (Table 3-9, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Q = (2.05 x 2.7) m2 x (0.4)(10) = 238.2 Btuh
1 𝑚2

Heat gain from people (fourth floor)

Sensible heat gain from people,

Qs = (3)(220) = 660 Btuh

Latent heat gain from people,

QL = (3)(230) = 690 Btuh

Heat gain from lights (fourth floor)

Q = (60)(3.4)(1.2)(5) =1224 Btuh

Heat gain from appliances (fourth floor)

Q = 3200 (Table 3-18, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

Summary of heat gains (ground floor)

Item Sensible heat (Btuh) Latent heat (Btuh)

Glass and walls
3608.102703
494.35278;3113.74992
Partitions 668.12
Roof
Total Equipment 4424
People 880 920
TOTAL 8356.222703 920

Total heat gain = 8356.222703 + 920

Total heat gain = 9276.222703 Btuh

FIFTH FLOOR

Heat gain from walls (fifth floor)

For the north wall,

Q = Area x U x Eq.TD

Eq. TD = 8 (Table 3-42, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.50 (Table 3-6, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Area = 8 m x 2.7 m = 21.6 m2 x = 232.38144 ft2
1 𝑚2

So,

Q = (232.38144)(0.5)(8) = 929.52576 Btuh

For the east wall,

Q = Area x U x Eq.TD

Eq. TD = 16 (Table 3-42, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.50 (Table 3-6, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Area = (4 m x 2.7 m) – (1.2 m x 1.2 m) – (0.8 m x 2.1 m) = 7.68 m2 x = 82.62 ft2
1 𝑚2

So,

Q = (82.62)(0.5)(16) = 929.52576 Btuh

For the south wall,

Q = Area x U x Eq.TD
Eq. TD = 22 (Table 3-42, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.50 (Table 3-6, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Area = (4.3 m x 2.7 m) = 11.61 m2 x = 124.905024 ft2
1 𝑚2

So,

Q = (124.905024)(0.5)(16) = 1373.955264 Btuh

For the west wall,

Q = Area x U x Eq.TD

Eq. TD = 10 (Table 3-42, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.50 (Table 3-6, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Area = (1.950 m x 2.7 m) – (0.5 m x 1.2 m) – (0.9 m x 2.1 m) = 2.775 m2 x = 29.85456 ft2
1 𝑚2

So,

Q = (29.85456)(0.5)(10) = 149.2728 Btuh

Heat gain from glass (fifth floor)

For the east window,

Q = Area {[Table 3-24][Table 3-31] + [Table 3-28][Table 3-32A]} (equation 3-11)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Q = (1.2 x 1.2) m2 x [(16.8)(0.2) + (17.6)(1)] = 307.67302266 Btuh
1 𝑚2

For the west window,

Q = Area {[Table 3-24][Table 3-31] + [Table 3-28][Table 3-32A]} (equation 3-11)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Q = (0.5 x 1.2) m2 x [(57.1)(0.2) + (17.5)(1)] = 186.6797568 Btu
1 𝑚2

Heat gain from partitions (fifth floor)

For the south partition,

Temperature difference = 10 (Table 3-1, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.4 (Table 3-9, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Q = (3.7 x 2.7) m2 x (0.4)(10) = 429.92 Btuh
1 𝑚2

For the north partition,

Temperature difference = 10 (Table 3-1, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

U = 0.4 (Table 3-9, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

3.282 𝑓𝑡 2
Q = (2.05 x 2.7) m2 x (0.4)(10) = 238.2 Btuh
1 𝑚2

Heat gain from people (fifth floor)

Sensible heat gain from people,

Qs = (3)(220) = 660 Btuh

Latent heat gain from people,

QL = (3)(230) = 690 Btuh

Heat gain from lights (fifth floor)

Q = (60)(3.4)(1.2)(5) =1224 Btuh

Heat gain from appliances (fifth floor)

Q = 3200 (Table 3-18, Trane Air Conditioning Manual)

Summary of heat gains (fifth floor)

Item Sensible heat (Btuh) Latent heat (Bruh)

Glass and walls + roof
9754.494966
494.35278;9260.142182
Partitions 668.12
Roof
Total Equipment 4424
People 880 920
TOTAL 14502.61497 920

Total heat gain = 14502.61497 + 920

Total heat gain = 15422.61497 Btuh

DUCT COMPUTATION

From table
Recommended Velocity
Branch Ducts = 500 (residences)
Main Duct = 1000 (residences)

Fig.21. Duct System

Duct cfm v Diameter axb

O 127.33 600 6.239304 8x4
N-M 254.67 1000 6.83495 8x5
L 127.33 600 6.239304 8x4
K 254.67 600 8.823882 8x7
J 764 1000 11.8384 8x14
I 127.33 600 6.239304 8x4
H 254.67 600 8.823882 8x7
G 1146 1000 14.49902 14x14
F 127.33 600 6.239304 8x4
E 254.67 600 8.823882 8x7
D 1528 1000 16.74203 14x16
C 201.33 600 7.84558 8x6
B 402.67 600 11.09546 8x14
A 2132 1000 19.77607 14x24
 Aῡ
Q’ = 144
𝜋 2
𝐷 ῡ
Q’ = 4
144

Duct O
𝜋 2 𝜋 2
𝐷 ῡ 𝐷 (600)
Q’ = 4
; 127.33 = 4
144 144

D = 6.239304
From table, rectangle dimension (a x b)
8x4

Duct N-M
𝜋 2 𝜋 2
𝐷 ῡ 𝐷 (1000)
Q’ = 4
; 254.67 = 4
144 144

D = 6.83495 in
From table, rectangle dimension (a x b)
8x5

Duct L
𝜋 2 𝜋 2
𝐷 ῡ 𝐷 (600)
Q’ = 4
; 127.33 = 4
144 144

D = 6.239304
From table, rectangle dimension (a x b)
8x4

Duct K
𝜋 2 𝜋 2
𝐷 ῡ 𝐷 (600)
Q’ = 4
; 254.67 = 4
144 144

D = 8.823882 in
From table, rectangle dimension (a x b)
8x7

Duct J
𝜋 2 𝜋 2
𝐷 ῡ 𝐷 (1000)
Q’ = 4
; 764 = 4
144 144

D = 11.8384 in
From table, rectangle dimension (a x b)
8 x 14

Duct I
𝜋 2 𝜋 2
𝐷 ῡ 𝐷 (600)
Q’ = 4
; 127.33 = 4
144 144

D = 6.239304
From table, rectangle dimension (a x b)
8x4

Duct H
𝜋 2 𝜋 2
𝐷 ῡ 𝐷 (600)
Q’ = 4
; 254.67 = 4
144 144

D = 8.823882 in
From table, rectangle dimension (a x b)
8x7

Duct G
𝜋 2 𝜋 2
𝐷 ῡ 𝐷 (1000)
Q’ = 4
; 1146 = 4
144 144

D = 14.49902 in
From table, rectangle dimension (a x b)
14 x 14
Duct F
𝜋 2 𝜋 2
𝐷 ῡ 𝐷 (600)
Q’ = 4
; 127.33 = 4
144 144

D = 6.239304
From table, rectangle dimension (a x b)
8x4

Duct E
𝜋 2 𝜋 2
𝐷 ῡ 𝐷 (600)
Q’ = 4
; 254.67 = 4
144 144

D = 8.823882 in
From table, rectangle dimension (a x b)
8x7

Duct D
𝜋 2 𝜋 2
𝐷 ῡ 𝐷 (1000)
Q’ = 4
; 1528 = 4
144 144

D = 16.74203 in
From table, rectangle dimension (a x b)
14 x 16

Duct C
𝜋 2 𝜋 2
𝐷 ῡ 𝐷 (600)
Q’ = 4
; 201.33 = 4
144 144

D = 7.84558 in
From table, rectangle dimension (a x b)
8x6

Duct B
𝜋 2 𝜋 2
𝐷 ῡ 𝐷 (600)
Q’ = 4
; 402.67 = 4
144 144
D = 11.09546 in

From table, rectangle dimension (a x b)

8 x 14

Duct A
𝜋 2 𝜋 2
𝐷 ῡ 𝐷 (600)
Q’ = 4
; 2132 = 4
144 144

D = 19.77607 in
From table, rectangle dimension (a x b)
14 x 24
DUCT LAYOUT

Fig.22. Fifth Floor Duct Layout

Fig.23. Fourth Floor Duct Layout
Fig.24. Third Floor Duct Layout
Fig.25. Second Floor Duct Layout
Fig.26. Ground Floor Duct Layout
AHU
DIFFUSER
DUCT

Fig.27. Rendered Ducting System (Branch Ducts)

 Fig.28. Ducting 3D

Fig.29. Ducting Side View

SAFETY CONSIDERATION

From Philippines Mechanical Code

Section 2.0 Air Conditioning and Ventilation Standards

Section 3.0 Duct System and Accessories
Section 4.0 Heat Gain Calculations
 Insist on allocation of adequate building space for HVAC&R equipment.

 Building dimensions are often not as precise as equipment dimensions; therefore, always add a

few inches for safety when specifying clearances.

 Provide clear space around fans, pumps, chillers, and other equipment for service access and

component removal, in accordance with manufacturers’ recommendations.

 Provide a clear passageway for the removal and replacement of equipment.

 Include access doors and service space between components of air-handling equipment and for

intake louvers and screens.

 Specify adjustable slide-rail bases for motors to permit belt drive replacement and alteration of the

desired driven speed and belt tension.

 Require control components, such as actuators, sensing bulbs, and instruments, to be accessible

and protected from damage.

 Mount pressure gauges and thermometers on vibration-free supports.

 Understand (during design) the owner’s preferred maintenance procedure for terminal
equipment—repair in place or replace and then do shop repair?

 Avoid locating HVAC equipment with dehumidification coils above ceilings, especially above
occupied spaces. If this cannot be done, place large water-collecting pans beneath the equipment

to intercept the inevitable condensate drain pan overflow and leakage.

 Provide access by catwalks or interstitial decks for any equipment located above high ceilings (e.g.,

in an auditorium).

 Specify condensate pans and drains to be corrosion and leak resistant, properly pitched, and

cleanable.
 Provide access for the measurement of airflow and water flow, temperature, and pressure in major

ductwork and piping.

 Provide access for inspection and cleaning of major ductwork, especially lined ducts and return

air ducts.

 Ensure that there is ready access for routine maintenance tasks, such as changing air filters.

 Specify accessible service shutoff drain and vent valves for all water coils and risers.

 Incorporate appropriate chemical treatment equipment for open- and closed-loop water systems.
TABLES AND CHARTS

Table 1. Diameters of Circular Ducts in Inches Equivalent to Rectangular Ducts

Table 2. Field Duct Sizing Chart
REFERENCES

American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., (2009). 2009
ASHRAE® HANDBOOK FUNDAMENTALS Inch-Pound Edition.

Bell, A. Jr. A., (2000). HVAC Equations, Data and Rules of Thumb. McGraw-Hill.

Ferguson, G. H., (April, 1937). Fundamentals of Air Conditioning, Canadian Public Health Journal,
28(4), 179-182. Canadian Public Health Association. Retrieved from
https://www.jstor.org/stable/41977574?seq=1&fbclid=IwAR21lsH-qyWtJ_TxQoz3e-
uNGq7wkBDRLgsrPN2-hbocNlL76zZf3OiapCc#page_scan_tab_contents

Trane Co., (1959). Air Conditioning Manual

2018 Manila Average Temperature and Average Relative Humidity. Retrieved from
https://www.worldweatheronline.com/manila-weather-averages/manila/ph.aspx