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Documente Cultură
Exam Notes
9. E-business is:
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the use of electronic communications for all business processes.
an organisation using electronic media to sell direct to its customers.
any electronically mediated communication between an organisation and its
stakeholders.
an organisation using electronic media to purchase from to its suppliers.
None of the above.
10. E-commerce is:
the use of electronic communications for all business processes.
any electronically mediated communication between an organisation and its
stakeholders.
an organisation using electronic media to sell direct to its customers.
an organisation using electronic media to purchase from to its suppliers.
None of the above.
11. Highly involved consumer buying behavior while perceiving significant differences
between brands is called
complex buoying behavior
variety seeking buying behavior
dissonance reducing buying behavior
habitual buying behavior
12. The benefit of digital marketing that involves interactivity with web users, for
example through survey and polls, is known as the ______ benefit.
speak
sell
serve
save
sizzle
13. ______________ is a digital communications technique which involves improving
visibility and monitoring sentiment within social networks and blogs.
E-PR
Display advertising
SEO.
Email Marketing
None of the above
14. If customer's expectations and products performance matches, customer is
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satisfied
dissatisfied
delighted
none of above
15. Stages such as awareness stage, conviction stage, liking stage, preference stage and
actual purchase stage are all stages of process called
channeling stages
buyer readiness stage
channel designing stages
strategic stages
16. Procedure of displacement of long-established resellers by new intermediaries is
classified as
horizontal mediation
multiple mediation
disintermediation
vertical mediation
17. Way in which two or more transportation modes are used together is classified as
intra-model logistic network
intermodal logistic network
intermodal transportation
intra-model transportation
18. Distribution strategy in which company limits its outlets in different regions or buyer
can buy in only company's territory is classified as
intensive territorial agreement
selective territorial agreement
inclusive territorial agreement
exclusive territorial agreement
19. Kind of contractual VMS (vertical marketing system) in which franchisor links
different stages in distribution-production process is classified as
franchise organization
member organization
link organization
administered organization
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20. In marketing intermediaries, way of distribution in which product is stocked in many
possible outlets is classified as
inclusive distribution
exclusive dealing
selective distribution
intensive distribution
1. Which products are people most likely to be more uncomfortable buying on the
Internet?
a) Books
b) Furniture
c) Movies
d) All of the above
2. Encryption can be done
only on textual data
only on ASCII coded data
on any bit string
only on mnemonic data
3. Which term represents a count of the number of people who visit one site, click on the
ad, and are taken to the site of the advertiser?
a) Affiliate programs
b) Click-through
c) Spam
d) All of the above
4. EDI standard
is not easily available
defines several hundred transaction sets for various business forms
is not popular
defines only a transmission protocol
5. What encourages users of a product or service supplied by a B2C company to ask
friends to join in as well?
a) Spam
b) Viral marketing
c) Affiliate programs
d) None of the above
6. In B2B e-commerce
i) Co-operating Business should give an EDI standard to be used
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ii) Programs must be developed to translate EDI forms to a form accepted by application
program
iii) Method of transmitting/receiving data should be mutually agreed
iv) It is essential to use internet
i and ii
i, ii and iii
i, ii, iii and iv
ii, iii and iv
7. Compared to B2C e-commerce, B2B e-commerce is …….
a) of equal size
b) slightly smaller
c) slightly larger
d) much larger
8. All of the following are techniques B2C e-commerce companies use to attract
customers, except
Registering with search engines
Viral marketing
Online Ads
Virtual marketing
9. A hashing function for digital signature
i) must give a hashed message which is shorter than the original message
ii) must be hardware implementable
iii) two different messages should not give the same hashed message
iv) is not essential for implementing digital signature
a) i and ii
b) ii and iii
c) i and iii
d) iii and iv
10. In the e-commerce security environment, which of the following constitutes the inner-
most layer?
people
data
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technology solutions
organizational policies and procedures
11. The digital product delivery internet business model
a) concentrates information about products and services from multiple providers at
one central point.
b) provides an electronic clearinghouse for products where price and availability are
constantly changing, sometimes in response to customer actions.
c) enables groups of people who want to purchase a particular product to signup and
then seek a volume discount from vendors.
d) sells and delivers software, multimedia, and other digital products over the
internet.
12. In Electronic cash payment
a debit card payment system is used
a customer buys several electronic coins which are digitally signed by coin issuing
bank
a credit card payment system is used
RSA cryptography is used in the transactions
13. All of the following are metrics for e-mail campaigns except…..
a) open rate
b) delivery rate
c) bounce-back rate
d) cart conversion rate
14. All of the following are advantages of using an intranet Except
cross-platform capability
security restrictions so employees cannot access the company network from home
open standards
reduced hardware and software costs
15. A person to person payment system
a) supports electronic payment for on-line and physical store purchases of goods or
services after the purchase has taken place.
b) Sends money using the web to individuals who are not setup to accept credit card
payments
c) refers to digital currency that can be used for micro-payments
d) provides secure services for credit card payments on the internet
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Chapter – 4 Search Engine optimization (SEO)
1. Andy Sanders owns a sporting goods store that appeals to hunters and fishermen. The
market that Andy is trying to appeal to is called his:
focal market
objective market
target market
critical market
intention market
2. The first step in selecting a target market is to study the industry in which the firm
intends to compete and determine the different potential target markets in that industry.
This process is called:
market positioning
market splitting
market targeting
market subdividing
market segmentation
3. Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in regard to the process of
selecting a target market and position strategy?
creating a unique positioning strategy, selecting a target market, segmenting the
market
segmenting the market, creating a unique positioning strategy, selecting a target
market
segmenting the market, selecting a target market, creating a unique positioning
strategy
selecting a target market, creating a unique positioning strategy, segmenting the
market
creating a unique positioning strategy, segmenting the market, selecting a target
market
4. Which of the following selections is incorrect regarding a firm's "positioning"
strategy?
Position is concerned with how the firm is situated relative to its competitors.
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A firm's decision about how to position itself relative to its competitors starts with
a product or service idea that is tested and refined through feasibility analysis and
marketing research.
Position is concerned with how a firm is situated relative to competitors.
Once a firm positions itself in a certain way, it must be able to follow through with
a product or service offering that lives up to the image it has created.
After selecting a positioning strategy, the firm's next step is to select a target
market
5. Procurement, technology development, human resource management, and firm
infrastructure are handled in certain specialized departments and are called ________.
materials handling
support activities
inventory activities
primary activities
benchmark activities
6. Firm that operates in more than one country gains production, marketing and
financial advantages that are not available to domestic competitors is called
global firm
expanding firm
premium firm
challenger firm
7. Way of designing international channels to manage entire supply chain which leads to
global value delivery network is classified as
whole strategic view
whole channel view
whole product adaptation
whole communication adaptation
8. Countries having industrial economic structure are
Saudi Arabia and Chile
Brazil and China
United States and Japan
both a and b
9. Global product strategy in which product to be marketed is changed a little to be
adapted in foreign market is classified as
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product adaptation
straight product extension
dual adaptation
communication adaptation
10. Way of selling goods produced in home country with little modification or no
modification into foreign market is classified as
exporting
importing
joint venturing
licensing
11. The philosophy of ______ is to identify market segments, select one or more, and
develop products and marketing mixes tailored to each selected segment.
mass marketing
product-variety marketing
macro marketing
target marketing
12. ______ is to evaluate each segment's attractiveness and select one or more of the
market segments.
Market segmentation
Market targeting
Market positioning
Market evaluation
13. _______ divides buyers into different groups based on social class, lifestyle, and
personality characteristics.
Demographic segmentation
Behavior segmentation
Psychographic segmentation
Geographic segmentation
14. Many marketers believe that ______ are the best starting point for building market
segments.
age and life-cycle stage variables
income variables
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social class variables
behavior variables
15. The _______ rule states that in many businesses, a high percent of the business is
generated by a low percent of the clientele.
90/10
80/20
70/30
60/40
16. _________ examines the degree to which segments are large or profitable enough to
serve as markets.
Measurability
Substantiality
Actionability
Accessibility
17. A firm using a ________ strategy targets several market segments and designs
separate offers for each segment.
concentrated marketing
mass marketing
differentiated marketing
undifferentiated marketing
18. When choosing a market-coverage strategy, companies need to consider all of the
following factors, except:
company's resources.
degree of product homogeneity and market homogeneity.
competitors' strategies.
All of the above
19. _________ gives buyers a too narrow picture of the company.
Under positioning
Over positioning
Confused positioning
Narrowed positioning
20. A difference is worth establishing to the extent that it satisfies the following criteria:
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preemptive
affordable
profitable
All of the above
11. McDonald's offering regular hamburgers, Big Macs, and Quarter Pounders is an
example of what type of marketing?
Mass marketing
Target marketing
Micro marketing
Product-variety marketing
12. Sandals (www.sandals.com), an all-inclusive powerhouse in the Caribbean, is a
leading resort operator for "mixed-gender couples only." Sandals is an example of:
mass marketing
target marketing
micro marketing
product-variety marketing
1. Marketing that moves away from a transaction-based effort to a conversation (i.e. two-
way dialogue) and can be described as a situation or mechanism through which
marketers and a customer (e.g. stakeholders) interact usually in real-time is known as:
Digital marketing.
Interactive marketing.
Direct marketing.
Electronic marketing.
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2. Which of the following is not a type of digital marketing activity?
e-marketing.
Social marketing.
Print advert.
Internet marketing.
3. ________ is the process of marketing accomplished or facilitated via the use of internet
technologies (e.g. web, email, intranet, extranets).
Internet marketing
Search marketing
e-marketing
Mobile marketing
4. This form of advert delivered on social platforms and social gaming websites and apps,
across all device types is known as:
mobile marketing
social media advertising
internet advertising
e-marketing
5. The rise of ___________ has led marketing to evolve away from a hierarchical one-
sided mass communication model towards more participatory technologies (e.g. social
channels and online communities).
website
social media
web 1.0
web platform.
6. A form of marketing communications that uses the internet for the purpose of
advertising, aiming to increase website traffic and/or encourage product trial, purchase,
and repeat purchase activity is called:
Search marketing.
E-mail marketing.
Internet advertising.
Social web marketing
7. An advertising model in which advertisers bid on keywords or phrases relevant to their
target market, with sponsored/paid search engine listings to drive traffic to a website is
called:
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Search Engine Optimization (SEO).
Contextual Advertising.
Digital Asset Optimization (DAO).
Pay Per Click (PPC).
8. A method of marketing by electronic mail wherein the recipient of the message has
consented to receive it is called:
Search marketing.
Internet advertising.
Permission-based email marketing.
Social web marketing.
9. ____________ is a form of digital marketing that describes the use of the social web
and social media (e.g. social networks, online communities, blogs or wikis) or any online
collaborative technology for marketing activities, be it sales, public relations, research,
distribution or customer service.
Pay Per Click (PPC)
Digital Asset Optimization (DAO)
Social Media Marketing (SMM)
Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
10. ____________ is the set of practices that enables organizations to communicate and
engage interactively with their audiences through any mobile device or network.
Mobile marketing
Social web marketing.
Internet marketing
Social media marketing
11. The process of outsourcing a task or group of tasks to a generally large group of
people is known as:
social media marketing
internet advertising
crowdsourcing
e-marketing
12. Current changes in behaviors clearly show that ______ is taking over more and more
of consumer online searches.
social media
mobile
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internet
blog
13. This is a form of targeted advertising, on websites, with advertisements selected and
served by automated systems based on the content displayed to the user.
Contextual advertising.
Interactive marketing.
Internet advertising.
Direct marketing.
14. Which of the following is not an issue that marketers need to consider when using
digital resources for marketing activities?
Jurisdiction.
Disclosure.
Ownership.
Permissions.
15. Which of the following is not one of major considerations when using internet
advertising to increase brand awareness and encourage click-through to a target site?
Cost.
Intrusive.
Interactivity.
Timeliness.
16. Which of the following refers to unsolicited electronic messages?
Opt-in email.
Consent marketing.
Spam.
Opt-out email.
17. A database of information that is maintained by human editors and lists websites by
category and subcategory with categorization is known as:
A search directory.
Automated voice response (AVR).
Apps.
SEO.
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18. __________occurs when a website's structure and content is improved to maximize
its listing in organic search engine results pages using relevant keywords or search
phrases.
Paid inclusion
Site optimization
Contextual search
Pay per click
19. Fees paid by advertisers to online companies that refer qualified potential customers
or provide consumer information where the consumer opts in to being contacted by a
marketer. This is referred to as:
lead generation
search.
rich media.
social media marketing.
20. This operates algorithmically or using a mixture of algorithmic and human input to
collect, index, store and retrieve information on the web (e.g. web pages, images,
information and other types of files). It makes the information available to users in a
manageable and meaningful way in response to a search query. This is referred to as:
Banner ads.
Pop-up ads.
A search engine.
Apps
Institutions. satisfying
Organizations. exchanging
Institutions, exchanging
Organizations, understanding
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7. ..............Involves purchase from various sources & assembled at one place - involves
creation & maintenance of the stock of goods purchased & ..............Involves transfer of
ownership of the goods
Selling & Buying
Assembling & Selling
Buying & Assembling
Assembling & Buying
8. ............are the form of human needs take as shaped by culture & individual
personality.
Wants
Demands
Needs
Social Needs
9. ............... is want for specific product backed by on ability to pay
Demand
Need
Want
Customer
10. This of the following is not a type of Marketing Concept:
The production concept
The selling concept
The societal marketing concept
The Supplier Concept
11. Content marketing helps with
SEO
Brand building
Social media
All of the above
12. Creating great content is not enough. It needs to be promoted.
True
False
13. Cornerstone content has a short shelf life
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True
False
14. What does CTA mean?
Click through art
Click through amp
Call to action
Call to arms
15. What are three benefits of creating a content rich landing page? (check all that
apply).
Rank high in search engines for a keyword phrase
Higher leads and sales
Better user experience
Quality Score for AdWords
16. The headline is one of the most important elements of a blog post.
True
False
1. B2B vs B2C. B2C (Business to Consumer) marketers are most likely to focus their
marketing efforts in Facebook. Business to Business (B2B) marketers are more likely to
focus social media efforts in ____________
Facebook also
Twitter and Blogs
LinkedIn and Video (YouTube or similar)
2. As the definition of social media develops, what is one underlying element?
The intersection between technology, social interaction, and sharing information.
Microsoft is the primary developer.
Use of the various elements is free.
All of the above
None of the above
3. Classifying content in social media happens through an activity such as
Alphabetizing
Tagging
Mapping
Line up
None of the above
4. _______ was one of the first uses of the Internet and is still the most popular use,
accounting for most of the traffic on the Internet.
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Blogs
Chat rooms
E-Mail
Discussion Boards
None of the above
5. Social media audiences differ from those of traditional media because
Traditional media audiences consume material created FOR them while social
media audiences either dictate the type of product they want or bypass traditional
producers to find products more suitable to their particular needs or desires.
Traditional media audiences tend to be within a certain age, gender and socio-
economic group, while social media appeals to virtually every age, gender and
economic status.
Social media audiences tend to be the millennial generation while traditional
media are mainly Gen-Y.
None of the above
6. Unsolicited e-mail advertising is known as _______.
Newsgroup
Junk ads
Spam
None of the above
7. What makes discussion boards a vital form of mass communication on the Internet?
Participants are all experts and offer vital points to the discussions
They offer free entertainment to bored consumers and require stimulating
conversations
Their format and asynchronous nature
None of the above
8. In social media, what type of marketing has become important for advertisers?
E-mailed handbills and online press kits
Word-of-mouth, or buzz marketing
E Electronic ads
Product placement
All of the above
9. When companies try to create faux-viral videos or make fake grassroots blogs, the
practice is called
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Trolling
Scrolling
Lurking
Astro-turfing
None of the above
10. Automated mailing list administrators that allow for easy subscription, subscription
cancellation, and sending of e-mails to subscribers on the list are called
Collaboration
Trolling
Listservs
Multiple e-mails
None of the above
11. Blogs or weblogs are
Web pages of short, frequently updated postings by an individual that are
arranged chronologically.
Messages of 140 characters or less.
A category for discussion groups within Usenet.
A web page that allows anyone to edit it.
None of the above
12. Which one of these statements is correct?
98% of marketers affirm that offline and online marketing are merging
There is a slow decline in digital budgets with an average reduction of 10% in
digital marketing budget.
Online marketing professionals are paid 50% less than marketing professionals.
Around 25% of the global population is now on the Internet.
1. Marketing that moves away from a transaction-based effort to a conversation (i.e. two-
way dialogue) and can be described as a situation or mechanism through which
marketers and a customer (e.g. stakeholders) interact usually in real-time is known as:
Digital marketing.
Interactive marketing.
Direct marketing.
Electronic marketing.
2. Which of the following is not a type of digital marketing activity?
e-marketing.
Social marketing.
Print advert.
Internet marketing.
3. ________ is the process of marketing accomplished or facilitated via the use of internet
technologies (e.g. web, email, intranet, extranets).
Internet marketing
Search marketing
e-marketing
Mobile marketing
4. This form of advert delivered on social platforms and social gaming websites and apps,
across all device types is known as:
mobile marketing
social media advertising
internet advertising
e-marketing
5. The rise of ___________ has led marketing to evolve away from a hierarchical one-
sided mass communication model towards more participatory technologies (e.g. social
channels and online communities).
IMT CDL
website
social media
web 1.0
web platform.
6. A form of marketing communications that uses the internet for the purpose of
advertising, aiming to increase website traffic and/or encourage product trial, purchase,
and repeat purchase activity is called:
Search marketing.
E-mail marketing.
Internet advertising.
Social web marketing.
7. An advertising model in which advertisers bid on keywords or phrases relevant to their
target market, with sponsored/paid search engine listings to drive traffic to a website is
called:
Search Engine Optimization (SEO).
Contextual Advertising.
Digital Asset Optimization (DAO).
Pay Per Click (PPC).
8. A method of marketing by electronic mail wherein the recipient of the message has
consented to receive it is called:
Search marketing.
Internet advertising.
Permission-based email marketing.
Social web marketing.
9. ____________ is a form of digital marketing that describes the use of the social web
and social media (e.g. social networks, online communities, blogs or wikis) or any online
collaborative technology for marketing activities, be it sales, public relations, research,
distribution or customer service.
Pay Per Click (PPC)
Digital Asset Optimization (DAO)
Social Media Marketing (SMM)
Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
10. ____________ is the set of practices that enables organizations to communicate and
engage interactively with their audiences through any mobile device or network.
IMT CDL
Mobile marketing
Social web marketing.
Internet marketing
Social media marketing
11. The process of outsourcing a task or group of tasks to a generally large group of
people is known as:
social media marketing
internet advertising
crowdsourcing
e-marketing
12. Current changes in behaviors clearly show that ______ is taking over more and more
of consumer online searches.
social media
mobile
internet
blog
13. This is a form of targeted advertising, on websites, with advertisements selected and
served by automated systems based on the content displayed to the user.
Contextual advertising.
Interactive marketing.
Internet advertising.
Direct marketing.
14. Which of the following is not an issue that marketers need to consider when using
digital resources for marketing activities?
Jurisdiction.
Disclosure.
Ownership.
Permissions.
15. Which of the following is not one of major considerations when using internet
advertising to increase brand awareness and encourage click-through to a target site?
Cost.
Intrusive.
Interactivity.
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Timeliness.
16. Which of the following refers to unsolicited electronic messages?
Opt-in email.
Consent marketing.
Spam.
Opt-out email.
17. A database of information that is maintained by human editors and lists websites by
category and subcategory with categorization is known as:
A search directory.
voice response (AVR).
Automated Apps.
SEO.
18. ___________occurs when a website's structure and content is improved to maximize
its listing in organic search engine results pages using relevant keywords or search
phrases.
Paid inclusion
Site optimization
Contextual search
Pay per click
19. Fees paid by advertisers to online companies that refer qualified potential customers
or provide consumer information where the consumer opts in to being contacted by a
marketer. This is referred to as:
lead generation
search.
rich media.
social media marketing.
20. This operates algorithmically or using a mixture of algorithmic and human input to
collect, index, store and retrieve information on the web (e.g. web pages, images,
information and other types of files). It makes the information available to users in a
manageable and meaningful way in response to a search query. This is referred to as:
Banner ads.
Pop-up ads.
A search engine.
Apps.
IMT CDL
17. What is the percentage of customers who visit a Web site and actually buy something
called?
Affiliate programs
Click‐through
Spam
Conversion rate
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18. What are materials used in production in a manufacturing company or are placed on
the shelf for sale in a retail environment?
Direct materials
Indirect materials
EDI
None of the above
19. What are materials that are necessary for running a modern corporation, but do not
relate to the company’s primary business activities?
Direct materials
Indirect materials
EDI
None of the above
20. What are ballpoint pens purchased by a clothing company?
Direct materials
Indirect materials
EDI
None of the above
21. What is another name for?
Direct materials
Indirect materials
EDI
None of the above
22. What is the process in which a buyer posts its interest in buying a certain quantity of
items, and sellers compete for the business by submitting successively lower bids until
there is only one seller left?
B2B marketplace
Intranet
Reverse auction
Internet
23. What are plastic cards the size of a credit card that contains an embedded chip on
which digital information can be stored?
Customer relationship management systems cards
E‐government identity cards
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FEDI cards
Smart cards
24. Most individuals are familiar with which form of e‐commerce?
B2B
B2C
C2B
C2C
25. Which form of e‐commerce currently accounts for about 97% of all e‐commerce
revenues?
B2B
B2C
C2B
C2C
26. Which of the following are advantages normally associated with B2B e‐commerce?
Shorter cycle times
Reduction in costs
Reaches wider audiences
all of the above
27. If the threat of substitute products or services is low it is a(n):
Disadvantage to the supplier
Advantage to the buyer
Advantage to the supplier
None of the above
28. The threat of new entrants is high when it is:
Hard for customers to enter the market
Hard for competitors to enter the market
Easy for competitors to enter the market
Easy for customers to enter the market
29. If it is easy for competitors to enter the market, the threat of new entrants is
considered:
High
Low
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More
Less
30. An industry is less attractive for suppliers when the rivalry among existing
competitors is:
High
Low
More
Less
1. Stages such as awareness stage, conviction stage, liking stage, preference stage and
actual purchase stage are all stages of process called
channeling stages
buyer readiness stage
channel designing stages
strategic stages
2. Private exchanges created by companies are called
branded exchanges
local exchange
horizontal exchange
vertical exchange
3. Which of the following is not one of the benefits of e-commerce to sellers?
E-commerce offers greater flexibility in meeting customer needs.
E-commerce is a powerful tool for customer relationship building
E-commerce can help to reduce costs
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E-commerce increases the net cost per contact
4. The best products to sell in B2C e-commerce are
Small products
Digital products
Specialty products
Fresh products
5. Electronic bill payment
supports electronic payment for on-line and physical store purchases of goods or
services after the purchase has taken place
sends money using the web to individuals who are not set up to accept credit card
payments.
refers to digital currency that can be used for micro-payments
provides secure services for credit card payments on the internet
6. Which of the following is likely to have the lowest cost of entry?
an e-retailer
a bricks-and-mortar presence
a bricks-and-clicks presence
a traditional storefront
7. Digital products are best suited for B2C e-commerce because they
Are commodity like products
Can be mass-customized and personalized
Can be delivered at the time of purchase
All of the above
8. The type of forms that benefited the most during the consolidation period of e-
commerce were ….
large, traditional firms
first movers
pure online companies
ISPs
9. A ………. is an essential component of an intranet.
CRM
LAN with a minimum of ten PCs
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computer with server software
PDA
10. What is an arrangement made between e-commerce sites that direct users from one
site to the other?
Spam
Viral marketing
Affiliate programs
None of the above
11. All of the following are tools for optimizing a web site’s location in search engine
listings except
Keywords and page titles
identifying market niches
buying ads
bench-marking
12. A(n) ………. connects many private networks from different companies for
communication through a private inter organizational information system.
intranet
extra net
internet
WAN
13. What are materials used in production in a manufacturing company or are placed on
the shelf for sale in a retail environment?
Direct materials
Indirect materials
EDI
None of the above
14. Which of the following market entry strategies are the most common for existing
firms?
first mover
fast follower
brand extender
alliances
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15. A company’s e-commerce policies and consumer information privacy should be
addressed in a(n)
information code of ethics
CRM
Information firewall
VPN
16. The set of marketing tools that the firm uses to pursue its marketing objectives in the
target market is called a(n)
Customer mix
Competitor mix
Marketing mix
All of the above
17. The combination of technical and legal means for protecting digital content from
unlimited reproduction without permission is known as ….
Digital rights management
Digital protection schemes
Digital distribution regulation
Digital rights protection