BAL BHAVAN PUBLIC SCHOOL

ASSIGNMENT
(2019-2020)
Class : XII Subject : PHYSICS CHAPTER-9
RAY OPTICS

Syllabus: Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, reflection of light, total internal
reflection and its applications, optical fiber, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses,
thin lens formula, lens maker formula, magnification, power of a lens, combination
of thin lenses in contact, refraction and dispersion of light through a prism.
Scattering of light, blue color of sky and reddish appearance of the sun at sunrise
and sunset.
Optical instruments: Microscope and astronomical telescope (reflecting and
refracting type) and their magnifying powers.

Q1. When monochromatic light travels from one medium to another, its wavelength changes but frequency
remains the same. Explain.
Q2. A light of wavelength 6000Ao in air enters a medium with refractive index 1.5. What will be the
frequency and wavelength of light in that medium? Ans. 5x1014Hz, 4000Ao.
Q3. For the same angle of incidence, the angle of refraction in two media A and B are 25 o and 35o
respectively. In which one of the two media is the speed of light lesser?
Q4. For the same angle of incidence the angles of refraction in three different media A, B and C are 15 o, 25o
and 35o respectively. In which medium is the velocity of light minimum?
Q5. A ray of monochromatic light passes from medium (1) to medium (2). If the angle of incidence in
medium (1) is and the corresponding angle of refraction in medium (2) is /2, which of the two
media is optically denser? Give reason. Ans. Medium(2) [CBSE Delhi (F) 2013]
Q6. Does the apparent depth of a tank of water change if viewed obliquely? If so does the apparent depth
increase or decrease? Explain with ray diagram. Ans. [yes, less than the normal viewing]
Q7. A fish under water is viewing obliquely at a fisherman standing on the bank of a lake; does the man
look taller or shorter than what he actually is?
Q8. A beaker is filled with water to a height of 12.5 cm. The apparent depth of the needle lying at the
bottom of the tank as measured by a microscope is 9.4 cm. what is the refractive index of water? If
water is replaced by a liquid of refractive index 1.63 up to the same height, by what distance would the
microscope be moved to focus on the needle again? Ans. 1.73cm
Q9. A small pin fixed on a table top is viewed from top at a distance of 50 cm. By what distance the pin
appears to be raised from the same point through a 15 cm thick glass held parallel to the table?
Refractive index of glass = 1.5, Does the answer depend on the location of the slab? Ans. 5cm, No
Q10. With the help of a suitable ray diagram, derive the mirror formula for a concave mirror.
TIR
Q11. Which one has larger critical angle for total internal reflection: blue, yellow or red color?
Q12. When light travels from an optically denser medium to a rarer medium, does the critical angle of
incidence depend on the color of light?
Q13. Calculate the speed of light in a medium, whose critical angle is 30o. Ans. 1.5x108m/s.
Q14. Calculate the critical angle for glass-air surface, if a ray of light which is incident in air on the glass
surface is deviated through 15o, when angle of incidence is 45o. Ans. 45o
Q15. How does the refractive index of a transparent medium depend on the wavelength of incident light
used? Velocity of light in glass is 2x108 m/s and in air is 3x108 m/s. If the ray of light passes from glass
to air, calculate the critical angle. Ans. sin-1 .
Q16. A point source of monochromatic light „S‟ is kept at the centre of bottom of a cylinder of radius 15cm.
The cylinder contains water (refractive index 4/3) to a height of 7cm. Draw the ray diagram and
calculate the area of water surface through which the light emerges in air. Ans. 197.82cm2.

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Q17. The refractive index of water is 4/3. Obtain the value of the semi vertical angle of the cone within
which the entire outside view would be confined for a fish under water. Draw an appropriate ray
diagram. Ans. Sin-1(0.75)

FORMATION OF IMAGES

Q18. The line AB in the way diagram represents a

lens. State whether the lens is convex or
concave. Ans. Convex lens [CBSE Chennai
2015]

Q19. A ray of light falls on a transparent sphere with

centre C as shown in the figure. The ray
emerges from the sphere parallel to the line
AB. Find the angle of refraction at A if
refractive index of the material of the sphere
is √ . Ans. 30o [CBSE
(F) 2014]
Q20. An object AB is kept in front of a concave
mirror as shown in the figure.
i. Complete the ray diagram showing
the image formation of the object.
ii. How will the position and intensity of
the image be affected if the lower
half of the mirror‟s reflecting surface
is painted black?
Q21. Use the mirror equation to show that [CBSE Delhi 2015]
i. An object placed between f and 2f of a concave mirror produces a real image beyond 2f
ii. A convex mirror always produces a virtual image independent of the location of the object.
iii. Convex mirror always produces a virtual image independent of the location of the object.
iv. Objects placed between the poles and focus of a concave produces a virtual and enlarged
image.[CBSE (AI) 2011]
Q22. Calculate the distance of an object of height “h” from a concave mirror of focal length 10cm, so as to
obtain a real image of magnification 2. Ans. -15cm.
Q23. Calculate the distance of an object of height “h” from a concave mirror of radius of curvature 20cm, so
as to obtain a real image of magnification 2. Ans. -15cm. [GSBV 2019 H.Y]
Q24. A 5cm long needle is placed 10cm from a convex mirror of focal length 40cm. find the position, nature
and size of the image of needle. What happens to the size of image when the needle is moved farther
away from the mirror? Ans. +8cm, virtual and erect, m=0.8, h‟=4cm
Q25. If you sit in a parked car, you glance in the rear view mirror R=2m and notice a jogger approaching. If
the jogger is running at a speed of 5m/s, how fast is the image of the jogger moving when the jogger
is (a) 39m (b) 29m (c) 19m (d) 9m away? Ans. 1/280 m/s, 1/150 m/s, 1/60 m/s, 1/10 m/s.
Q26. An object is placed 15 cm in front of a convex lens of focal length 10cm. Find the nature and position of
the image formed. Where a concave mirror of radius of curvature 20 cm should be placed so that the
final image is formed at the position of the object itself? Ans. 50cm.
Q27. A point object is kept at a distance of 30cm from a convex lens of power +4D towards its left. It is
observed that when a convex mirror is kept on the right side at a distance of 50cm from the convex
lens, the image of the object formed by lens-mirror combination coincides with the object itself.
Calculate the focal length of the convex mirror. Ans. 50cm
Q28. A convex lens, of focal length 20 cm has a point object placed on its principle axis at distance of 30 cm
behind the convex lens. Locate the position of image formed by this combination. Ans. +40cm.
Q29. A convex lens of focal length 20 cm is played coaxially with a convex mirror of radius of curvature
20cm. the two are kept at 15 cm from each other. A point object lies 60 cm in front of the convex lens.
Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of the image by the combination. Determine the nature and
position of the image formed. Ans. 30cm to the right of convex mirror or 45cm from the convex lens.

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Q30. A convex lens of focal length 20 cm is played coaxially with a convex mirror of radius of curvature
20cm, the two are kept at 15 cm apart. A point object lies 40 cm in front of the convex lens. Find the
position of the image by the combination. Draw the ray diagram showing the image formed. [CBSE
(AI) 2014] Ans. 15/3cm behind convex mirror.
Q31. A Convex lens of focal length 20 cm is played coaxially with a convex mirror of focal length 10 cm at a
distance of 50cm apart from each other. A beam of light coming parallel to the principal axis is incident
on the convex lens. Find the position of the final image formed by this combination. Draw the ray
diagram showing the formation of the image. [CBSE (AI) 2014] Ans. -15cm at a distance of 35cm to
the right of the convex lens.
Q32. A plane mirror M placed at a distance of 10cm from a concave lens L. A point object is placed at a
distance of 60 cm from the lens. The image formed due to refraction by the lens and reflection by the
mirror is 30 cm behind the mirror. What is the focal length of this lens? ANS. f = -30cm.
Q33. An object is placed 40 cm from a convex lens of focal length 30 cm. If a concave lens of focal length 50
cm is introduced between the convex lens and the image formed such that it is 20 cm from the convex
lens, find the change in the position of the image. Ans. 200cm to left
Q34. A convex lens is placed in contact with a plane mirror. A point object at a distance of 20 cm on the axis
of this combination has its image coinciding with itself. What is the focal length of the lens? Ans. Rays
are originating from focus.

LENS MAKER FORMULA

Q35. Write thin lens formula for a convex lens and draw the graph showing the variation of u and v for a
convex lens.
Q36. What type of lens is an air bubble inside water? Explain. Ans. Divergent
Q37. How does focal length of a lens change when red light incident on it is replaced by violet light? Give
reason for your answer. Ans. [Decreases, from lens maker formula, refractive index is inversely
proportional to focal length.] [CBSE (F) 2012]
Q38. A biconvex lens made of a transparent material of refractive index 1.25 is immersed in water of
refractive index 1.33. Will the lens behave as a converging lens? Give reason. [CBSE (AI) 2014]
Ans. [no, diverging lens]
Q39. A converging lens of refractive index 1.5 is kept in a liquid medium having same refractive index. What
is the focal length of the lens in this medium? Ans. Infinity [CBSE Delhi 2008]
Q40. A converging lens has a focal length of 20cm in air. It is made of a material of refractive index 1.5, if it
is immersed in water of refractive index 4/3, what will be the new focal length? [CBSE (F) 2010] Ans.
80cm
Q41. The radii of curvature of the faces of a double convex lens are 10 cm and 15 cm. if the focal length of
the lens is 12 cm find the refractive index of the material of the lens.[CBSE Delhi 2010] Ans. 1.5
Q42. The radii of curvature of double convex lens of glass of refractive index 1.5 are in the ratio of 1:2. This
lens renders the rays parallel coming from an illuminated filament at a distance of 6cm. Calculate the
radii of curvature of its surfaces. Ans. 4.5cm, 9cm
Q43. Find the radius of curvature of the convex lens of a plano-convex lens, whose focal length is 0.3 m and
the refractive index of the material of the lens is 1.5. Ans. 0.15m
Q44. A convex lens of focal length 0.2m and made of glass of refractive index 1.5 is immersed in water of
refractive index 1.33. Find the change in the focal length of the lens. Ans. 0.58m
Q45. A converging lens has a focal length of 20cm in air. It is made of a material of refractive index 1.6. If it
is immersed in a liquid of refractive index 1.3, what will be its new focal length? Ans. 52cm
Q46. A biconvex lens of glass of refractive index 1.5 having focal length 20 cm is placed in a medium of
refractive index 1.65. Find its focal length. What should be the value of the refractive index of the
medium in which the lens should be placed so that it acts a plane sheet of glass? Ans. -110cm, 1.5
Q47. Double convex lenses are to be manufactured from a glass of refractive index 1.55, with both faces of
the same radius of curvature. What is the radius of curvature required if the focal length is to be 20
cm? Ans. 22cm
Q48. A convex lens made up of glass of refractive index 1.5 is dipped, in turn in (i) a medium of refractive
index 1.65, (ii) a medium of refractive index 1.33
(a) Will it behave as a converging or a diverging lens in the two cases?
(b) How will its focal length change in the two media?

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Q49. A lens of refractive index µ becomes a lens of focal length f‟ when immersed in a liquid of refractive
index µ‟. If the focal length of the lens in air is f, prove that f‟=f( )
Q50. Complete the ray diagrams. Where n1 and n2
represent the refractive index of medium
and lens respectively.

Q51. A convex lens of focal length f is cut into two halves such that one surface of each is plane. What is the
focal length of each half? Ans. 2f
Q52. A diverging lens of focal length “F” is cut into identical parts, each forming a Plano concave lens. What
is the focal length of each part? Ans. 2F [CBSE (AI) 2008]
Q53. Light from a point source in air falls on convex spherical glass surface( radius of curvature =
20cm). The distance of light source from the glass surface is 100cm. At what position is the image
formed? Ans. +100cm

BASED ON COMBINATION OF LENSES AND POWER

Q54. How does the power of a convex lens vary, if the incident red light is replaced by violet light?
Q55. A convex lens of focal length f1 is kept in contact with a concave lens of focal length f2. Find the focal
length of the combination. [CBSE (AI) 2013]
Q56. Draw a plot showing the variation of power of a lens with the wavelength of the incident light.
Q57. What is the focal length of a combination of a convex lens of focal length 30 cm and a concave lens of
focal length 20 cm in contact? Is the system a converging or a diverging lens? Ignore thickness of
lenses. Ans. -60cm, diverging
Q58. A convex lens of focal length 25cm is placed coaxially in contact with a concave lens of focal length
20cm. Determine the power of the combination. Will the system be converging or diverging in nature?
Ans. -1D, diverging.
Q59. An equi-convex lens of focal length f is cut into two identical plane convex lenses. How will the power of
each part be related to the focal length of the original lens? A double convex lens of + 5D is made of
glass of glass of refractive index 1.55 with both faces of equal radii of curvature. Find the value of its
radius of curvature. Ans. power of each part will be half of the power of original lens, R=22cm.
Q60. Two thin lenses of power +6D and -2D are in contact. What is the focal length of combination? Ans.
25cm
Q61. Two lenses of power 10 D and -5 D are placed in contact.
(i) Calculate the power of lens combination.
(ii) Where an object should be held from the lens, so as to obtain a virtual image of magnification 2?
Ans. 5D, -10cm.

BASED ON REFRACTION THROUGH PRISM

Q62. Explain why white light is dispersed while passing through a prism.
Q63. Out of blue and red light which is deviated more by a prism? Given reason.
Q64. A ray of light passes through an equilateral glass prism such that the angle of incidence is equal to
angle of emergence and each of these angles is equal to ¾ of angle of prism. What is the value of
angle of deviation? Ans. 30o [CBSE Patna 2015]
Q65. A ray of light passing through an equilateral triangular prism from air undergoes minimum deviation
when angle of incidence is 3/4th of the angle of prism. Calculate the speed of light in the prism. Ans.
2.13x108ms -1

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Q66. A ray of light incident on one of the faces of a glass prism of angle „A‟ has angle of incident 2A. The
refracted ray in the prism strikes the opposite face which is silvered, the reflected ray from it retraces
its path. Trace the ray diagram and find the relation between the refractive index of the material of the
prism and angle of the prism. Dia. [CBSE Chennai 2015] Ans. A = cos-1 ( /2).
Q67. A light ray incident at grazing angle on the
face AB of a prism ABC follows the path
shown in the figure. Obtain the relation
between the angles of prism A and the
refractive index of its material. Ans. A=r1
+ r2 =2 sin-1(1/µ).

Q68. Two monochromatic rays of light are

incident normally on the face AB of an
isosceles right-angled prism ABC. The
refractive indices of the glass prism for the
two rays „1‟ and „2‟ are respectively 1.35 and
1.45. Trace the path of these rays after
entering through the prism.

Q69. Three rays of light - red (R), green (C) and

blue (B) - are incident on the face AB of a
right-angled prism ABC. The refractive
indices of the material of the prism for red,
green and blue wavelengths are 1.39, 1.44
and 1.47 respectively. Trace the path of the
rays through the prism.

Q70. A right-angled crown glass prism with critical angle 41o is placed before an object PQ in two positions
as shown in the figures (i) and (ii). Trace the paths of the rays from P and Q passing through the
prisms in the two cases.

Q71. Draw a ray diagram to show how a right isosceles prism made of crown glass can be used to obtain the
inverted Image.
Q72. In the following fig. a ray PQ is incident on
prism ABC. Show the corresponding
refracted and emergent rays. The critical
angle for the material of the prism is 45 o.
What is the refractive index of the material
of the prism? Ans. √ .

Q73. Trace the path of a ray of light passing

through a glass prism (ABC) as shown in the
figure. If the refractive index of glass is √ .
Find out of the value of the angle of
emergence from the prism. Ans. e = 60o.

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Q74. One face of a prism of refracting angle 30o and refractive index 1.414 is silvered. At what angle must a
ray of light fall on the other face so that after refracting into the prism and reflection at the silvered
surface it retraces its path? Ans. 45o
Q75. a) A ray of light is incident normally on the
face AB of a right-angled glass prism of
refractive index a g = 1.5. The prism is
party immersed in a liquid of unknown
refractive index. Find the value of refractive
index of the liquid so that the ray grazes
along the face BC after refraction through
the prism. (b) Trace the path of the rays if it
were incident normally on the face AC. Ans.
1.29

Q76. A ray PQ incident on the face AB of a prism

ABC, as shown in the figure, emerges from
the face AC such that AQ = AR. Draw the
ray diagram showing the passage of the ray
through the prism. If the angle of the prism
is 600 and refractive index of the material of
the prism is √ . Determine the value of
angle of incidence and angle of deviation.
Ans. 600, 60o

OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS
Q77. Why must both the objective and eye-piece of a compound have short focal lengths? [CBSE
(AI)2010]
Q78. For which color the magnification of a simple microscope is highest? For which color it is lowest? Ans.
Violet, red
Q79. Magnifying power of a simple microscope is inversely proportional to the focal length of the lens. What
then stops us from using a convex lens of smaller and smaller focal length and achieving greater and
greater magnifying power?
Q80. How is the working of a telescope different from that of a microscope?
Q81. Which two main considerations are kept in mind while designing the “objective” of an astronomical
telescope? Obtain an expression for the angular magnifying power and the length of the tube of an
astronomical telescope in its “normal adjustment” position.
Q82. Define the term „resolving power‟ of an astronomical telescope. How does it get affected on
(i) Increasing the aperture of the objective lens?
(ii) Increasing the wavelength of the light used? Justify your answer in each case.
Q83. Define resolving power of compound microscope. How does the resolving power of a compound
microscope change when
(i) Refractive index of the medium between the object and objective lens increases?
(ii) Wavelength of the radiation used is increased?
Q84. A figure divided into squares, each of size 1 mm 2 is being viewed at a distance of 9cm through a
magnifying lens of local length 10cm, held close to the eye.
(i) Draw a ray diagram showing the formation of the image.
(ii) What is the magnification produced by the lens? How much is the area of each square in the virtual
image?
(iii) What is the angular magnification (magnifying power) of the lens? Ans. 10, 1cm2, 2.8
Q85. A compound microscope uses an objective lens of focal length 4 cm and eyepiece lens of focal length
10cm. An object is placed at 6 cm from the objective lens. Calculate the magnifying power of the
compound microscope. Also calculate the length of the microscope tube. Ans. -7, 19.14 cm.
Q86. A compound microscope consists of an objective lens of focal length 2.0 cm and an eyepiece of focal
length 6.25 cm separated by a distance of 15 cm. How far from the objective an object be placed in
order to obtain the final image at (i) the least distance of distinct vision (d=25 cm) and (ii) infinity.

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 What is the magnifying power of the microscope in each case? Ans. -2.5cm, -20, -2.59cm, -
13.5
Q87. A compound microscope has an objective of focal length 1.25 cm and eyepiece of focal length 5 cm. A
small object is kept at 2.5 cm from the objective. If the final image formed is at infinity, find the
distance between the objective and the eyepiece. Ans. 7.5 cm.
Q88. A person with a normal near point (25 cm) using a compound microscope with an objective of focal
length 8.0 mm and an eye-piece of focal length 2.5 cm can bring an object placed 9.0 mm from the
objective in sharp focus. What is the separation between the two lenses? What is the magnifying power
of the microscope? Ans. 9.47 cm, -88.
Q89. You are given two converging lenses of focal lengths 1.25 cm and 5 cm to design a compound
microscope. If it is desired to have a magnification of 30, find out the separation between the objective
and the eyepiece. Ans. 11.67cm.
Or
An angular magnification of 30 is desired using an objective of focal length 1.25 cm and an eye-piece of
focal length 5 cm. How would you set up the compound microscope? Ans. Separation between the
lenses 11.67 cm objective must be placed at a distance 1.5 cm in front of the objective lens.
Q90. The total magnification produced by a compound microscope is 20. The magnification produced by the
eye piece is 5. The microscope is focused on a certain object. The distance between the objective and
eyepiece is observed to be 14 cm. If least distance of distinct vision is 20 cm, calculate the focal length
of the objective and the eye piece. Ans. fe = 5cm / fo= 2cm.
Q91. Two convex lenses of same focal length but of aperture A1 and A2 (A2 < A1) are used as the objective
lenses in two astronomical telescopes having identical eyepieces. What is the ratio of their resolving
power? Which telescope will you prefer and why? Given reason. Ans. A1
Q92. A small telescope has an objective lens of focal length 144cm and an eye piece of focal length 6.0cm.
What is the magnifying power of the telescope? What is the separation between the objective and the
eye-piece? Ans. -24, 150 cm.
Q93. An astronomical telescope uses two lenses of powers 10 D and 1 D. what is its magnifying power in
normal adjustment? Ans. -10
Q94. A small telescope has an objective lens of focal length 150 cm and an eye piece of focal length 5 cm. If
this telescope is used to view a 100 m high tower 3km away, find the height of the final image when it
is formed 25 cm away from the eye piece. Ans. 30x10-4 / 30 cm.
Q95. (a) A giant refracting telescope at an observatory has an objective lens of focal length 15m. If an eye-
piece of focal length 1cm is used, what is the angular magnification of the telescope? (b) If this
telescope is used to view the moon, what is the diameter of the image of the moon formed by the
objection lens? The diameter of the moon is 3.48x 10 6 m and radius of lunar orbit is 3.8x108m. Ans.
1500, 13.74cm
Q96. Define magnifying power of a telescope. Write its expression. A small telescope has an objective lens of
focal length 150cm and an eye piece of focal length 5cm. If this telescope is used to view a 100m high
tower 3km away. Find the height of the final image when it is formed 25cm away from the eye piece.
Q97. How is the working of a telescope different from that of a microscope? The focal length of the objective
and eyepiece of microscope are 1.25 cm and 5cm respectively. Find the position of the object relative
to the objective lens in order to obtain an angular magnification of 30 in normal adjustment.
Q98. A small telescope has an objective lens of focal length 140 cm and an eye-piece length 5.0 cm. what is
the
(a) Magnifying power of telescope for viewing distant objects when the telescope is in normal
adjustment (i.e. when the final image is at infinity)?
(b) The final image is formed at the least distance of distinct vision (d =25cm)?
(c) What is the separation between the objective and eye lens when final image is formed at
infinity?
(d) If this telescope is used to view a 100m tall tower 3 km away, what is the height of the
image of the tower formed by the objective lens?
(e) What is the height of the final image of the tower if it is formed at the least distance of
distinct vision d =25 cm?

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Q99. You are given following three lenses. Which two lenses will you use as an eyepiece and as an objective
to construct an astronomical telescope and microscope? Ans. Telescope L1: objective, L3: eyepiece.
Microscope: L3 Objective, L1 eyepiece
Lenses Power Aperture
L1 3D 8cm
L2 6D 1cm
L3 10D 1cm

MISCELLANEOUS QUESTION

Q100. An object is placed at the principal focus of a concave lens of focal length f. where will its image be
formed? Ans. [between optical center and focus, towards the side of object]
Q101. You have learnt that plane and convex mirrors produce virtual images of objects. Can they produce real
images under some circumstances? Explain.
Q102. A virtual image, we always say, cannot be caught on a screen. Yet when we „see‟ a virtual image we
are obviously bringing it on to the screen (i.e., the retina) of our eye. Is there a contradiction?
[NCERT]
Q103. Will the focal length of a lens for red light be more, same or less than that for blue light? [NCERT
Exemplar]
Q104. An unsymmetrical double convex thin lens forms the image of a point object on its axis. Will the
position of the image change if the lens is reversed? [NCERT Exemplar]
Q105. A telescope has been adjusted for relaxed eye. You are asked to adjust it for least distance of distinct
vision, then how will you change the distance between two lenses?
Q106. A concave mirror and a convex lens are held in water. What changes if any do you expect in their
respective focal lengths as compared to their value in air?
Q107. The radii of curvature of both the surfaces of a lens are equal. If one of the surfaces is made plane by
grinding, then will the focal length of change of lens change? Will the power change?
Q108. A thin rod of length f/3 is placed along the optic axis of a concave mirror of focal length f such that its
image which is real and elongated, just touches the rod. What will be the magnification? Ans. 1.5
Q109. Figure shows a plane mirror M placed at a
distance of 10 cm from a concave lens L. A
point object is placed at a distance of 60 cm
from this. The image formed due to
refraction by the lens and refraction by the
mirror, is 30 cm behind the mirror. What is
the focal length of this lens? Ans. -30cm
Q110. (i) Show that a convex lens produces N-times magnified image when the object distances, from the
lens, have magnitudes f when f is the magnitude of the focal length of the lens.
(ii)Hence find the two values of object distance, for which a convex lens of power 2.5 D, will produce an
image that is four-times as large as the object?
Q111. The image of a small electric bulb fixed on the wall of a room is to be obtained on the opposite wall 3 m
away by mean by a large convex lens. What is the maximum possible focal length of the lens required
for the purpose? Ans. 0.75cm
Q112. A screen is 90 cm from an object. The image of the object on the screen is formed by a convex lens at
two different locations separated by 20 cm. determine the focal length of the lens. Ans. 21.4cm
Q113. A screen is placed at a distance of 100cm from an object. The image of the object is formed on the
screen by a convex lens for two different locations of the lens separated by 20cm. Calculate the focal
length of the lens used. Ans. 24cm. [CBSE OD 2016]
Q114. An equiconvex lens with radii of curvature of magnitude 10cm each, is put over a liquid layer poured on
top of a plane mirror. A small needle with its tip on the principal axis of the lens, is moved along the
axis until its inverted real image coincides with the needle itself. The distance of the needle from the
lens is measured to be 15cm. on removing the liquid layer and repeating the experiment, the distance
is measured to be 10cm. given that the two values of the distance measured represent the values of
focal length in the two cases. Calculate the refractive index of the liquid.

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Q115. Fig. shows a equiconvex lens of refractive
index 1.5 in contact with a liquid layer on
top of a plane mirror. A small needle with its
tip on the principal axis is moved along the
axis until its final inverted image is found at
the position of the needle. The distance of
the needle from the lens is measured to be
45cm. The liquid is removed and the
experiment is repeated. The new distance is
measured to be 30cm. What is the refractive
index of the liquid? Ans. 1.33
Q116. (a) An equiconvex lens with radii of 10 cm, find the refractive index of the liquid.
curvature of magnitude R each is put over a
Ans. , 1.33
liquid layer poured on top of a plane mirror.
A small needle, with its tip on the principal
axis of the lens, is moved along the axis
until its inverted real image coincides with
needle itself. The distance of the needle
from the lens is measured to be „a‟. On
removing the liquid layer and repeating the
experiment the distance is found to be „b‟.
Given that two values of distance measured
represent the focal length values in the two
cases obtain a formula for the refractive
index of the liquid. (b) if r=10cm, a = 15cm,

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