Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
American Ginseng
Blanding's Turtle
Bobolink
Bridle Shiner
Butternut
Common Nighthawk
Loggerhead Shrike
Monarch Butterfly
Rusty Blackbird
Snapping Turtle
Western Chorus Frog
Jefferson Salamander
(Jefferson Blue-spotted
Salamander)
Whip-poor-will
Species for which I could not find data (or specific data)
Cathcart's Woodsia
Daisy-Leaved Grapefern
Oregon Woodsia
Red Spruce
Spiny Coontail
The American Ginseng is a long-lived, perennial herb which measures 20 to 70 cm in height. The
root of this plant resembles a carrot; above the root, there is a horizontal rhizome. The stem ends in
several compound leaves and a centrally located flower. The flower is greenish-white; it develops
into bright red berries. There may be more than one stem on a plant, and there are sometimes
flowers near the base of the flowering stalk. The American Ginseng has medicinal properties similar
to those of the Oriental Ginseng. It has been used in North America for a long time; native people
used it to treat coughs, headaches, rheumatism and fevers.
The Blanding’s Turtle is a medium-sized freshwater turtle that is easily distinguished by its bright
yellow lower jaw and throat. Adults have a domed and smooth upper shell that can be up to 27 cm in
length. The carapace, or upper shell, is usually black or dark brown, sometimes grey or a lighter
brown, with tan to yellow lines or spots scattered at random. The markings tend to get smaller and
may fade altogether as the turtle ages. The lower shell (plastron) is a rich yellow. The plastron is
hinged so that some individuals can completely close their shell after pulling in their head and feet.
Males have a concave plastron to facilitate copulation, whereas the female’s plastron is flat. The
sides of the long neck and the top of the head are often dark brown or black in males, and paler and
sometimes mottled in females. The upper jaw is notched and the mouth curves upwards, which gives
the impression that the turtle is smiling. The colouring in juveniles is generally brighter, but the spots
and lines that characterize the shell of this species only develop after the second year. Unlike with
adults, the plastron hinge in juveniles is not functional, and the tail extends substantially beyond the
edge of the carapace.
The Bobolink is a medium-sized passerine. Males are black below and lighter above, while females
are light beige streaked with brown and could be mistaken for some species of sparrow. The
Bobolink has a conical bill, rigid, sharply pointed tail feathers and long hind toenails. Male plumage
outside the breeding season and juvenile plumage are similar to that of the female. No subspecies of
the Bobolink are currently recognized.
This minnow reaches a maximum length of 6 cm. The back is straw-coloured and the silvery sides
have a green blue iridescence. A prominent black lateral band extends from the tail and on to the
snout. The black pigment of this band is restricted to the upper lip. Males develop minute nuptial
tubercles on the head, nape and pectoral fin.
The Butternut is a small to medium-sized tree with a broad and irregularly shaped crown. It is a
member of the walnut family, and is rarely more than 30 m tall and 90 cm in diameter. The bark of
younger trees is grey and smooth, becoming irregularly ridged as the trees mature. Unless the soil is
shallow, the tree commonly generates a taproot and numerous deep, wide-spreading roots on either
side. The Butternut is particularly recognizable by its compound leaves, which are made up of 11 to
17 leaflets arranged in a feather-like pattern opposite one another. Leaflets are 9 to15 cm long and
are almost stalkless. The ovoid fruit is a nut that contains a single seed, and measures 4 to 6 cm in
length. The nut of the Butternut tree is edible and is protected by a rigid shell with jagged ridges.
The shell in turn is covered by a green and hairy husk.
The Common Nighthawk is a medium-sized bird with long, narrow, pointed wings, and a long tail that
is slightly notched. The call, a short, raucous, and nasal “peet,” is quite distinctive. The head is large
and flattened, the eyes are large, the bill is small, and the mouth is large. The plumage is dark brown
with black, white, and buff specks. In flight, a wide white stripe can be seen across the long feathers
that edge the wings. Females can be distinguished from males by the throat band, which is buff-
coloured as opposed to white. The tail is brown with fine buff stripes. Males also have a white band
near the tip of the tail. The main difference between juveniles and adults is the absence of the white
or buff throat band. The Common Nighthawk can be distinguished from three other nighthawk
species that occur in Canada by the absence of long fine feathers around the bill, the presence of a
wide white stripe across the long feathers that edge the wings, the shape and colouration patterns of
the tail, and the long pointed wings.
The Milksnake is a shiny, relatively slender, large snake with smooth scales. Although individuals can
vary somewhat in colour, the base colour is tan, brown, or grey, with numerous black-bordered
brown, copper, or red saddles down the back, alternating with smaller irregular blotches on the sides.
The belly has a white and black checkerboard pattern. There is often a characteristic “Y”- or “V”-
shaped, light-coloured patch on the back of the neck and head, but sometimes this is absent. The
blotches, or saddles, are bright red on young Milksnakes, and become duller and more brownish as
the snakes mature. The largest individual on record was 132 cm long, but lengths between 60 and
90 cm are more typical.
The Stinkpot is a small freshwater turtle. Its highly arched, brown-black carapace (dorsal shell) rarely
exceeds 13 cm in length, and the plastron (ventral shell) is small and yellowish. The turtle has grey to
black skin, and many individuals have two prominent light stripes on the side of the head. When
disturbed, Stinkpot Turtles emit a musky odour from four glands located along the bottom edge of the
shell.
The Golden-winged Warbler is a small warbler measuring 11 cm long. It is distinguishable by its grey
back, white belly, yellow forehead and a yellow patch on its wings. This is the only warbler with both
a yellow patch on its wings and a black throat (grey in females). The male is identified by the black
ring around its eyes, which is darker than the ring around the female’s eyes. Juveniles look like their
parents. The Golden-winged Warbler resembles the Black-capped Chickadee, and it is sometimes
easy to confuse these species, both of which feed head down at the ends of branches.
The Loggerhead Shrike, a songbird measuring approximately 21 cm in length, is slightly smaller than
a robin. This bird’s most striking feature is its broad black facial mask, which covers its eyes entirely.
The mask extends above the eyes, where it is crowned by a narrow white strip and forms a thin line
just above the base of the bill. Males and females are similar in appearance. With their contrasting
black, white and grey plumage, adults are particularly conspicuous in flight. The top of the head, the
back and the hind quarters are dark grey, while the lower body is whitish with barely visible stripes.
The wings and long tail are mostly black and a clearly visible white line separates the back from the
wings. Juveniles have a brownish plumage with greyish striping on the chest and belly. Like birds of
prey such as falcons or hawks, Loggerhead Shrikes have a hooked bill, which is black in colour. The
Loggerhead Shrike is an ambush predator that perches in treetops and on wires. This species is
known for its habit of impaling its prey on thorns or barbed wire. The call is a combination of
melodious and harsh notes. This bird is easily confused with the Northern Shrike, a highly similar
related species. The Northern Shrike is slightly bigger (approximate length of 25 cm) and the base of
its bill, which is longer and more curved, is slightly lighter. In addition, its facial mask does not extend
above the eyes or to the top of the bill, and the striping on its chest is more conspicuous.
The adult Monarch is a bright orange butterfly with heavy black veins and a wide black border
containing two rows of white spots. The wingspan is about 10 cm. Males can be distinguished from
females by the presence of black coloured scent glands on each of their hind wings. Monarchs can
be distinguished from the smaller but similar Viceroy by the absence of an inner margin of black on
the hind wings. Monarch larvae or caterpillars are striped yellow, black and white; they grow to about
5 cm in length. The distinctive gold-green chrysalis suspends from a milkweed leaf or branch.
The Olive-sided Flycatcher is a stout songbird 18 to 20 cm in length. The adults are deep brownish
olive-grey above and on the sides and flanks with white on the throat, the centre of the breast and
the belly. The wings are dark with pale, indistinct wing bars. White tufts partly show from underneath
the wings. The bill is stout and blackish. The most distinctive features of the Olive-sided Flycatcher
are its song—a loud three-note whistle—and its tendency to perch conspicuously on the top of tall
trees while foraging. The sexes are similar in appearance, although males often have longer wings.
Juvenile flycatchers are similar to the adults, except that their upper parts are brownish and the wing
bars and shoulder margin are buff.
The Red-headed Woodpecker is approximately 20 cm long and is easily identified by its crimson
head, neck, throat and upper breast, which contrast with its white underparts and black upperparts.
Large white patches are clearly visible on its black wings. The rump is white and the tail is generally
black, except for the outermost rectrices (strong tail feathers that direct flight), which are white. The
plumage of the male and female is identical. The bill is light grey, becoming darker terminally, and
the eye is reddish brown. The legs and feet are olive grey. Juveniles differ from adults by the colour
of their head, neck, and upper breast, which ranges from greyish brown to greyish red.
The Rusty Blackbird is a thrush-sized passerine. The slightly rounded tail is almost equal in length to
the wings, which are narrow and pointed. This blackbird has pale yellow eyes and a slightly curved
black bill. During the breeding season, the male’s plumage turns completely black with a slight green
iridescence on the body and violet iridescence on the head and neck. The female’s plumage is
greyish brown with no iridescence. In winter, the plumage of both sexes takes on a rusty hue, which
explains the species’ name. In the fall, it is difficult to distinguish juveniles from adults, although
young birds have dark irises.
The Short-eared Owl has a large, round head, with small tufts of feathers that look like ears. This
medium-sized owl measures approximately 34 to 42 cm in length. It has fairly long wings and a short
tail. Adults have a brown back and creamy-buff chest with brown streaks. Sexes are similar in
appearance, but females are slightly larger and tend to be darker. Juveniles resemble adults, but
their plumage is somewhat more buff in colour. With its sober coloration, which acts as excellent
camouflage, the Short-eared Owl is conspicuous only when it flies, often at dawn and dusk. It can
easily be identified by its irregular flight, which resembles that of a foraging moth. It is characterized
by deep wingbeats, occasional hovering, and a habit of skimming patches of grassland or marsh.
The Snapping Turtle is Canada’s largest freshwater turtle. The upper part of the shell, or carapace,
can be up to 40 cm long in males and up to 36 cm long in females. The carapace is brown, black or
olive, with three prominent keels. The ventral part of the shell, or plastron, is yellow, grey or tan and
is cross-shaped. The plastron is very small, leaving the limbs and sides of the body exposed. The
Snapping Turtle’s head is large, with a hooked upper jaw that is yellow to cream in colour and
patterned with dark vertical streaks. The neck is relatively long (hence the French name “tortue
serpentine”), with two barbels under the chin. Skin colour is typically tan but can vary from cream to
grey to black to yellow and even reddish-brown in iron-rich environments. The tail is almost as long
as the carapace and bears three sawtooth-like rows of triangular scales. The Snapping Turtle is
readily distinguished from other freshwater turtles in Canada by its large size and long tail.
The Western Chorus Frog is a small frog. It measures about 2.5 cm in length weighs about 1 g. Its
slightly elongated body is shaped somewhat like a small pear, and its head is narrow and pointed. It
has long toes with very small toe-pads. The skin is finely granular in texture. The coloration varies
from brown to grey to olive. The most striking marks on the body are the three dark lines along the
back, hence the Latin name triseriata. The Western Chorus Frog also has a white line on its upper lip
and a dark line from the tip of the head to the groin. Males have a vocal sac, which appears as a
dark flap when relaxed and as a yellow balloon when expanded. In the spring, the distinctive
croaking of the Western Chorus Frog makes it easy to detect. The call of the male resembles the
sound of a fingernail being drawn along a metallic comb. This croaking call resonates; in favourable
weather conditions it can be heard from almost a kilometre away. The Western Chorus Frog is a very
secretive species and is rarely seen outside the breeding season.
At 11 to 18 centimeters long, the Jefferson Salamander is a large salamander with a slender body, a
relatively long snout and long toes. It is dark, brownish-grey on top and has a paler belly. The area
around the vent (rear) is typically grey in colour. Pale-blue flecks are located on its lower sides and
limbs. These flecks are obvious on small adults but may be essentially absent on large individuals.
The Whip-poor-will is a medium-sized bird, 24 cm long. It is recognized by its incessant haunting
song, which sounds like “whip-poor-will,” hence its name. This crepuscular-nocturnal, insect-eating
bird has a large, flattened head, large eyes and a small bill with a large mouth ringed with long, fine
feathers that serve as sensory bristles for capturing flying insects. The plumage of both adult sexes
is cryptic, grey and brown, which confers effective camouflage while they roost during the day,
mostly on ground leaf litter. Males have a white collar on the upper breast and have large white tail
patches; in females these are buff, and the tail patches are reduced.
No Data Available
(Blunt-lobed Woodsia? This is the only woodsia species I can find information on and from it's
distribution maps, it appears to have 1 of the 4 remaining populations in the Ottawa area.
Habitat is listed as starting in eastern Quebec and expanding east/south from there - Paul has it
listed in species observed in the forest as of 2008. No info on the SARA site on this species.
Extirpated - No info on the SARA site on this species.
Endangered The American Ginseng is protected under the federal Species at Risk Act
(SARA).
Threatened The Blanding's Turtle, Great Lakes / St. Lawrence population, is protected
under the federal Species at Risk Act (SARA). In Ontario, habitat
protection is afforded under the Ontario Provincial Policy Statement of the
Planning Act, and this species is also featured in Ontario’s forest
management planning process. Its habitat is also protected in Rondeau,
Killarney, Algonquin and Long Point provincial parks.
Threatened
Special Concern The Bridle Shiner is protected under the federal Species at Risk Act
(SARA). The federal Fisheries Act prohibits destruction of fish habitat.
Endangered The Butternut is protected under the federal Species at Risk Act (SARA).
Threatened The Common Nighthawk is protected under the federal Species at Risk
Act (SARA). In Canada, the Common Nighthawk, its nests, and its eggs
are protected under the federal Migratory Birds Convention Act, 1994.
Special Concern The Milksnake is protected under the federal Species at Risk Act (SARA).
The Milksnake is listed as a “specially protected” species in Ontario in the
Fish and Wildlife Conservation Act. Under this Act, it is forbidden to hunt,
trap, kill, trade, or hold in captivity any specially protected species without
a permit.
Threatened The Eastern Musk Turtle is protected under the federal Species at Risk
Act (SARA). The Stinkpot Turtle is listed as a specially protected species
under the Fish and Wildlife Conservation Act in Ontario. In both Ontario
and Quebec, it is illegal to hunt, trap, hold in captivity, sell, or purchase
Stinkpot Turtles without a government permit.
Threatened The Olive-sided Flycatcher is protected under the federal Species at Risk
Act (SARA). The Olive-sided Flycatcher is protected by the Migratory
Birds Convention Act, 1994, which prohibits the harming of birds and the
disturbance or destruction of their nests and eggs.
Special Concern The Rusty Blackbird is protected under the federal Species at Risk Act
(SARA).
Special Concern The Short-eared Owl is protected under a large number of provincial
wildlife protection acts (e.g. Ontario's Fish and Wildlife Conservation Act
and Quebec's Act Respecting the Conservation and Development of
Wildlife). Legislation in most Canadian provinces prohibits the hunting,
possession and selling of this species.
Threatened
The Jefferson Salamander is protected under the federal Species at Risk
Act (SARA). The Jefferson Salamander is protected by the Ontario Fish
and Wildlife Conservation Act. Under this Act, it is prohibited to kill,
harass, or capture this species.
Threatened In Canada, the species is protected under the Migratory Birds Convention
Act, 1994.
Threatened
Reference page
http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=217
http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=846
http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/document/default_e.cfm?documentID=1973
http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=546
http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=793
http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=986
http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=714
http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=706
http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=942
http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=26
http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=294
http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=999
http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=57
http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=907
http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=60
http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=1033
http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=1019
http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=642
http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=1047
No Data Available
No Data Available
http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=212
Avian Species - Birds
The vast majority nest in this forested wilderness.
Name Threat Level
Alder Flycatcher LC
American Bittern LC
American Black Duck LC
American Crow LC
American Goldfinch LC
American Kestrel LC
American Redstart LC
American Robin LC
American Tree Sparrow LC
American Woodcock LC
Bald Eagle LC
Baltimore Oriole LC
Bank Swallow (sand martin) LC
Barn Swallow LC
Barred Owl LC
Bay-Breasted Warbler LC
Belted Kingfisher LC
Black and White Warbler LC
Black Billed Cuckoo LC
Black Tern LC
Black Throated Blue Warbler LC
Black Throated Green Warbler LC
Blackcapped Chickadee LC
Blackpoll Warbler LC
Blue Jay LC
Blue Gray Gnatcatcher LC
Blue Headed Vireo LC
Blue Winged Teal LC
BoBolink LC
Bohemian Waxwing LC
Boreal Chickadee LC
Boreal Owl (Tengmalm's Owl) LC
Broad-Winged Hawk LC
Brown Creeper LC
Brown Thrasher LC
Brown-headed Cowbird LC
Canada Warbler LC
Canada Goose LC
Cape May Warbler LC
GREY Catbird LC
Cedar Waxwing LC
Chestnut Sided Warbler LC
Chimney Swift LC
Chipping Sparrow LC
Cliff Swallow LC
Common Merganser LC
Common Grackle LC
Common Moorhen LC
Common Nighthawk LC
Common Raven LC
Common Redpoll LC
Common Snipe LC
Common Yellowthroat LC
Cooper's Hawk LC
Darkeyed Junco LC
Downy Woodpecker Eastern LC
Eastern Bluebird LC
Eastern Kingbird LC
Eastern Meadowlark LC
Eastern Phoebe LC
Eastern Screetch Owl LC
Eastern Wood-pewee LC
European Starling LC
Evening Grosbeak LC
Field Sparrow LC
Fox Sparrow LC
Golden Crowned Kinglet LC
Golden Winged Warbler NT
Great Blue Heron LC
Great Creseted Flycatcher LC
Great Gray Owl LC
Great Horned Owl LC
Green-Backed Heron (Green Heron) LC
Green-Winged Teal NR
Grey Catbird LC
Gull species (would need specific species)
Hairy Woodpecker LC
Hermit Thrush LC
Herring Gull NR
Hooded Merganser LC
Horned Lark LC
House Finch LC
House Sparrow LC
House Wren LC
Indigo Bunting LC
Killdeer LC
Lapland Longspur LC
Least Flycatcher LC
Lesser Yellowlegs LC
Lincoln's Sparrow LC
Long Eared Owl LC
Magnolia Warbler LC
Mallard Duck LC
Marsh Wren LC
Merlin (pidgeon hawk) LC
Mourning Dove LC
Mourning Warbler LC
Myrtle Warbler (yellow-rumped warbler) LC
Nashville Warbler LC
Northern Cardinal LC
Northern Flicker LC
Northern Harrier (Hen Harrier) LC
Northern Goshawk LC
Northern Oriole (Baltimore Oriole) LC
Northern Parula Warbler (Northern Parula) LC
Northern Rough-Winged Swallow LC
Northern Saw-whet Owl LC
Northern Shrike LC
Northern Waterthrush LC
Olive Sided Flycatcher LC
Osprey (aka sea hawk or fish eagle) LC
Orange Crowned Warbler LC
Ovenbird LC
Philadelphia Vireo LC
Pileated Woodpecker LC
Pied Billed Grebe LC
Pine Grosbeak LC
Pine Siskin LC
Pine Warbler LC
Purple Finch LC
Purple Martin LC
Red Tailed Hawk LC
Red-breasted Nuthatch LC
Red-Eyed Vireo LC
Red Headed Woodpecker NT
Red Shouldered Hawk LC
Red-Winged Blackbird LC
Ring-billed Gull LC
Rock Dove (rock pidgeon) LC
Rose Breasted Grosbeak LC
Ruby Crowned Kinglet LC
Ruby Throated Hummingbird LC
Ruffed Grouse LC
Rusty Blackbird VU
Savannah Sparrow LC
Scarlet Tanager LC
Sharp Shinned Hawk LC
Short-eared Owl LC
Snow Bunting LC
Solitary Sandpiper LC
Solitary Viero (Blue-headed vireo) LC
Song Sparrow LC
Sora (crake) LC
Spotted Sandpiper LC
Swainson's Thrush LC
Swamp Sparrow LC
Tennessee Warbler LC
Tree Swallow LC
Turkey Vulture LC
Veery LC
Vesper Sparrow LC
Virginia Rail LC
Warbling Vireo LC
Water Pipit LC
Whip-poor-will LC
White-breasted Nuthatch LC
White-Crowned Sparrow LC
White-throated Sparrow LC
White-winged Crossbill (Two-barred Crossbill) LC
Wild Turkey LC
Willow Flycatcher LC
Wilson's Snipe LC
Winter Wren LC
Wood Duck LC
Wood Thrush LC
Yellow Bellied Flycatcher LC
Yellow Warbler LC
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker LC
Yellow-Rumped Warbler LC
Mammals
Fish Species within the Wetland and Beaver Pond - Incomplete Listing
Central Mudminnow Can't find data
Northern Redbelly Dace Can't find data
Finescale Dace LC
Common Carp VU
Golden Shiner LC
Bridle Shiner NT
Common Shiner Can't find data
Blacknose Shiner Can't find data
Bluntnose Minnow Can't find data
Fathead Minnow Can't find data
Creek Chub Can't find data
Banded Killifish Can't find data
Brook Stickleback LC
Pumpkinseed Sunfish Can't find data
Blackchin Shiner Can't find data
Amphibians / Reptiles
DragonFlies/Damselflies
Green Darner LC
Racket-tailed Emerald NR
Marsh Bluet NR
Spreadwing NR
Frosted Whiteface LC
Dot-tailed Whiteface NR
Red-waisted Whiteface (Belted Whiteface) LC
Chalk-fronted Skimmer (Chalk-fronted Corporal) NR
Widow Skimmer NR
Common Whitetail (Long-tailed Skimmer) NR
Twelve-spotted Skimmer NR
Sedge Sprite NR
NR
Red Meadowhawk (Cherry-faced meadowhawk, Ruby meadowhawk, Saffron-winged meadowhawk, and White-faced Meadowhawk)
Butterfiles
Silver-bordered Fritillary (Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary) NR
Northern Pearly-eye NR
Black Swallowtail NR
Cabbage White NR
Fritillary several species exist
Monarch NR
Isabella tiger moth (This species wasn't on the list, but I have pictures of the catepillar
NR form.)
IUCN Threat Level Guide
Abbreviation Stands for
LC Least Concern
NT Near Threatened
VU Vulnerable
EN Endangered
CR Critically Endangered
EW Extinct in the Wild
EX Extinct
NR Not Rated
Vascular Plants - Note that some of these may go under different names.