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Present Perfect Tense

T he P re se nt P e rfe ct is a co m m o n te nse in English. Yo u sho uld unde rsta nd it, a nd k no w it

we ll.

How do we use this tense?

P ER FEC T he re m e a ns "co m ple te , finishe d".

T he P re se nt P e rfe ct is a fo rm o f the ve rb tha t sho ws the a ctio n wa s co m ple te be fo re the

pre se nt.

It do e s no t m e a n the a ctio n is "pe rfe ct" (100%). It m e a ns the a ctio n is finished.

Here are the different usages of this tense:

Actio ns tha t ha ppe ne d a t a n unspe cifie d tim e be fo re the pre se nt

Actio ns tha t e nde d re ce ntly

Sta te s tha t sta rte d in the pa st, a nd a re still go ing o n

Note: this is a bro a de r use o f this te nse .
It is usua lly use d with sta te s, no t a ctio ns.

Actions that happened at

an unspecified time before the present
(T he ve rbs a re in bold)

He has learned ho w to ride a ho rse .

He has fixed the light.

T he y have called 5 tim e s a lre a dy.

She has bought a ha t.

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She has grown so m uch.

She has become such a go o d se cre ta ry.

He has ne ve r done it be fo re .

Actions that ended recently

She has broken the va se .

He has just seen the ne ws.

He has a lre a dy caught the ba ll.

She has bought so m e fo o d fo r us.

He has lost his clo the s.

States that started in the past,

and are still going on
Note: this is a bro a de r use o f this te nse .
It is usua lly use d with sta te s, no t a ctio ns.

He has been sick since Sa turda y.

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He has had this m o to rbik e fo r 5 ye a rs.

He has a lwa ys liked him .

T he y have lived he re fo r a lo ng tim e .

Examples of
Typical Time Expressions

Before the
Recently Up to now
present
e ve r re ce ntly since
ne ve r la te ly fo r
o nce a lre a dy
3 tim e s just
so fa r ye t
be fo re
in the la st we e k
in the
pre vio us ye a r

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