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URINARY TRACT ORGANS KIDNEY :

- On the posterior abdominal wall
- Retroperitoneal
- Position of the right kidney is slightly lower than that of the
• REN (KIDNEY)
left kidney ( T12-L3)
• URETER
• VESICA URINARIA (URINARY BLADDER) PARTS OF KIDNEY :
* anterior and posterior surfaces
• URETHRA
* lateral margins
* medial margins → the hillum of the kidney, contens :
- renal vessel
- renal pelvic
- lymph vessel
- nerve plexus( sympathetic)
* superior and inferior pole

Anteriorly :
RELATIONS :
RIGHT KIDNEY:
• Posteriorly: - Liver
- Descending part of duodenum
- Diaphragm
- Ascending colon
- Psoas major muscle (right colic flexure)
- Quadratus lumborum muscle - Coils of small intestine
- Transverse abdominal muscle
- The twelfth rib ( left kidney + LEFT KIDNEY
- Stomach - pancreas
the eleventh rib)
- Spleen - coils of small intestine
- Subcostal nerve - Descending colon (left colic flexure)
- Iliohipogastric nerve
- Ilioinguinal nerve SUPERIOR POLE :
supra renal gland

RENAL STRUCTURES
NEPHRON; consist of:
1. Renal corpuscle:
• Renal cortex - glomerolus
• Renal pyramide - bowman’s capsule
2. Renal tubules:
(medulla)
- proximal convoluted tubules
↓ - loop of henle
apex - distal convoluted tubules
(renal papilla,
projecting into
minor calyx)

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Kidney Coverings Vascular supply

Coverings :
1. Fibrous capsule
2. Adipose capsule • Renal artery,
(perirenal fat) • Renal vein
3. Renal fascia

URETER
VASCULLAR SUPPLY
1. RENAL PELVIC From branches of:
(Minor calyx → Major calyx → Renal pelvis) - renal artery
2. ABDOMINAL PART - gonadal artery
3. PELVIC PART - inferior vesical artery
- (Aorta, common iliac
4. INTRA VESICAL/ INTRA MURAL PART
artery)

CONSTRICTIONS : LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE

1. where the renal pelvis joins the ureter, - Para aortic drainage
2. where it is kinked as it crosses the pelvic brim
3. where it pierces the bladder wall

URINARY BLADDER
Relations

- Anteriorly : pubic symphisis

- Situated in the true pelvis ( sub peritoneal)
- Superiorly: parietal peritoneum
- Posteriorly:
parts: * superior surface *female: -vagina
* inferolateral surface - supravaginal portion of the cervix
* posterior surface/base/fundus *male: - ampulla of deferens duct/vas
deverens
* bladder neck and apex
- seminal vesicle
- rectum
- Lateraly : levator ani and obturator internus muscle

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muscle → Detrussor muscle

Internal structure : *rugae
* Trigone
Vascullar supply :
- Superior and inferior vesical artery
- vesical venous plexus → internal iliac vein
Lymphatic drainage :
internal and external iliac nodes

Male urethra
- 20 cm in length
- Devided into : 1. prostatic part
2. membranous part
3. cavernous / spongious part ( penile
urethra)
The important structures of :
1. Prostatic part of the urethra:
*urethral crest
*prostatic sinus
* seminal colliculus (verumontanum) :
- Prostatic utricle
- the opening of ejaculatory duct

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MEMBRANOUS PART : VASCULAR SUPPLY :

( external) urethral spinchter Arterries:
- middle rectal artery
- inferior vesical artery
C AVERNOUS PART :
- bulbar artery of the penis
- intra bulbar fossa
- navicullar fossa - urethral artery
- the opening of bulbo urethral gland ( para urethral Veins:
gland) - vesicalis venous plexus and,
- internal pudendal vein

• LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE :
- prostatic and membranous part → follow internal
pudendal artery → internal and external iliac nodes

--penile urethra → inguinal nodes, and external iliac

nodes

FEMALE URETHRA
- 4 cm in length
- Open into the vestibule of the vagina
- Also has urethral crast,
- Attached into the vaginal wall
- External urethral spinchter is weak
Vascular supply :
* inferior vesical artery
* internal pudendalis artery
* vesical venous pleksus and internal pudendal vein
Lymphatic drainage :
* follow internal pudendal artery to internal and external iliac
nodes.

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