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Introduction to Project Project
Management – an endeavor to produce/accomplish the following below through a
unique set of interrelated tasks and an effective utilization of
resources
– begins when a need, problem, or opportunity is identified
Overview of a Project – ends when the project objectives has been achieved
Overview of Project Management • A product
‐ can either be a component of another item or an end item itself
History of Project Management
• A capability perform a service
Role of a Project Manager ‐ business function supporting a production or distribution
• A result
Skills of a Project Manager ‐ refers to an output from performing project management
processes and activities
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Overview of a Project Overview of a Project
• Examples of real‐life project • Examples of IT projects
– Planning a wedding – Replacement of ten laptops by a help desk for a small department
– Hosting a holiday party – Additional feature to an internal software application by a small
software development team for the finance department
– Designing and producing a brochure
– Technology infrastructure upgrade to provide wireless Internet access
– Executing an environmental clean‐up of a contaminated site
throughout the campus by a college school
– Holding a high school reunion
– New system development to increase sales force productivity and
– Performing a series of surgeries on an accident victim customer relationship management by a company
– Website development by the automobile industry to streamline
procurement
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Overview of a Project Overview of a Project
It has a unique purpose. Triple Constraint
It is temporary.
SCOPE
It is developed using progressive elaboration.
• “What work should be done?”
It requires resources that are often from various areas.
It should have a primary customer or sponsor.
TIME
It involves uncertainty.
• “How long will it take to complete?”
COST
• “How much does it cost?”
Figure 1.1 The Triple Constraint of Project Management
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Overview of Project Management Overview of Project Management
Project management includes the knowledge, skills, methods, techniques,
and tools needed in planning and managing project work. Stakeholders
involved in or affected by project activities
include project sponsor, project team, support staff, customers, users,
suppliers, and opponents of the project
their needs and expectations are necessary in the beginning and all
through the life of a project
Project management knowledge areas
specify the key competencies that must be developed by project
managers
four core knowledge areas that can lead to specific project objectives
are identified as project scope, time, cost, and quality management
four facilitating knowledge areas through which the project objectives
Figure 1.2 Project Management Framework are achieved include human resource, communications, risk, and
procurement management
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Overview of Project Management Overview of Project Management
Project management tools and techniques
A portfolio is a collection of projects or programs and other works that are
aid project managers and their teams in implementing the nine
grouped together to facilitate an effective management of that work to
knowledge areas
meet strategic business objectives.
examples of tools and techniques used in time management include
Gantt charts, project network diagrams, and critical path analysis
Project success criteria Portfolio management
project met scope, time, and cost goals the centralized management of one or more portfolios that includes
project satisfied the customer/sponsor identifying, prioritizing, authorizing, managing, and controlling
results of the project met its main objectives
projects, programs, and other work‐related in order to achieve
specific strategic business objectives
Project success factors
• Executive support • Firm basic requirements
• User involvement • Formal methodology ensures that projects and programs are reviewed to prioritize the
• Experienced project manager • Reliable estimates allocation of resources, and that the management of portfolio is
• Clear business objectives • Other criteria, such as small consistent with and aligned to the strategies of the organization
• Minimized scope milestones, proper planning,
• Standard software infrastructure competent staff, and ownership
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Overview of Project Management Overview of Project Management
A program refers to a group of related projects that is managed in a
Program management
coordinated way to acquire benefits not available from managing them
individually the centralized coordinated management of a program to attain its
‐ It can contain elements of related work that is outside the distinct projects’ strategic objectives and benefits
scope in the program focuses on the project interdependencies and it aids in determining
the best approach for them to be managed
Some examples of common programs in IT field
Infrastructure
includes projects that provide wireless Internet access, hardware and
Resolving resource constraints and/or conflicts affecting multiple project
software upgrade, and develop and manage corporate IT standards within the program
Applications development Aligning organizational/strategic direction affecting project and program
includes projects such as ERP system update, purchase of a new off‐the‐shelf goals and objectives
billing system, or additional feature for a customer relationship management Resolving issues and change management within a shared governance
system structure
User support
includes projects that provide better e‐mail system or develop technical
training for users
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History of Project Management Role of a Project Manager
The Manhattan Project was the 1st project that used modern project Project manager
management techniques. ‐ in charge of managing a specific project, and is expected to meet the approved
objectives of a project, including project scope, cost, and time
The Gantt chart, network diagram, and critical path analysis were the
‐ has the overall responsibility for planning, organizing, integrating, managing,
project scheduling tools developed in the early 1900s.
leading, decision making, communicating, and building supportive environment
Today, project management is used in some form in virtually all for the project
organizations and disciplines, and project management software is making
Leads the project by establishing direction, aligning people and motivating, and
specialized project management techniques easier to use.
inspiring
Balances quality, availability of resources, and risk management
Schedule appropriate feasibility reviews to ensure that the project is realistic,
necessary, and well defined
Determines the schedules, resource plans, and budgets needed to achieve
project objectives
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Skills of a Project Manager Skills of a Project Manager
Project management skills Technical skills
should have an understanding of the many facets of the business aspect of technical expertise is necessary to identify possible problems
running a project and expertise in the areas of organization, communication, must focus on managing the project and allowing the team members do the
finance, and human resources technical work
if lack of these skills, training is one option; being mentored or coached by a
People skills more experienced individual is another
formal authority and persuasion skills
must be able to address and solve problems within the team, as well as those Knowledge of the organization
that occur outside the team should understand the company’s culture, policies, politics, and personalities
must be able to motivate and sustain people must also know the personalities, needs, and desires of the people in the
organization
Integration skills
integrate the phases of the project, such as planning, execution, reporting,
and management
the more complex the project, the greater need for integration
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