September 2019

World Trends and Technology for Offshore Oil and Gas

DRILLING
TECHNOLOGY
UPDATE

Deepwater well control

Seismic acquisition
Marginal fields
Subsea storage

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 CONTENTS •

International Edition
Volume 79, Number 8
Celebrating 65 Years of Trends, Tools, and Technology

• GEOLOGY & GEOPHYSICS
Ocean bottom node seismic market gains momentum������������20
The marine seismic market was one of the hardest hit sectors in
the downturn. While the industry gradually recovers, one area that
is showing continued growth is the ocean bottom node seismic
market. Demand is largely driven by oil and gas companies’ focus on
increased oil and recovery and near-field exploration.
20
• DRILLING & COMPLETION
Drilling technologies advance to meet challenging reservoir
environments�������������������������������������������������������������22
Drilling activities are picking up in a number of offshore regions,
and drilling contractors and downhole service firms are developing
and introducing new technologies to help operators advance their
E&P campaigns.

Offshore® (ISSN 0030-0608, print; 2688-3295, digital/USPS 403-760) is published 10 times a year by Endeavor Business Media, LLC, 1233 Janesville Avenue, Fort Atkinson WI 53538.
Periodicals postage paid at Fort Atkinson, WI 53538 and additional mailing offices. SUBSCRIPTION PRICES: US $127.00 per year, Canada/Mexico $165.00 per year, All other countries $208.00
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is a registered trademark. Endeavor Business Media, LLC 2019. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited. We make portions of our subscriber list
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SEPTEMBER 2019   OFFSHORE | WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM1

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 • CONTENTS

Volume 79, Number 8

• OFFSHORE HISTORY
Remembering offshore pioneer R.J.
COVER: Drilling activities are picking up in a “Bob” Brown��������������������������������52
number of offshore regions, and drilling contractors When R.J. Brown (or “Bob,” as many knew
and downhole service firms are developing and him), passed away in late
introducing new technologies to help operators January 2018, the offshore
advance their E&P campaigns. Recently, industry noted the loss
Weatherford installed its MPD riser assembly on a of one its leading marine
semisubmersible drilling rig for a drilling campaign pipeline engineers. During
his distinguished six-decade
off the coast of Malaysia. (Courtesy Weatherford)
career as a marine pipeline
engineer, Brown was
known for innovations that made marine
Shallow-water capping methodology helps mitigate flammable gas risk�������������������25 pipelining more efficient and much safer.
A new approach to shallow-water capping involves heavy pre-planning operations as part of
the overall approach to capping blowouts. The methodology for well control is divided into • EQUIPMENT & ENGINEERING
three parts: analytical evaluation of the well’s risks including depth and hazard potential; Artemis provides feedback on unpiggable
identification of qualified equipment for deploying and capping operations; and application GoM pipeline��������������������������������57
of the analytical data to provide an engineered solution using statistical modeling.
FibreTrac crane adds strength, flexibility���57
2019 Environmental Drilling and Completions Fluids Directory�������������������������������27
The 2019 Environmental Drilling and Completions Fluids Directory lists the key industry
Fast-track offshore trial proves new cost-
fluid manufacturers and their individual products.
reducing P&A technology�����������������58

• ENGINEERING, CONSTRUCTION, & INSTALLATION Analytics software enhances real-time

Subsea oil storage provides alternative development option���������������������������������42 BOP monitoring�����������������������������59
Subsea storage may provide a cost-effective field development option for temporarily storing
produced oil. This option is attractive in fields where discovered reserves do not justify the Rigless P&A technology enables safe
construction of new pipelines; and in areas where there is no existing pipeline infrastructure. pressure testing����������������������������60

• PRODUCTION OPERATIONS
‘Gas-to-Wire’ opens options for declining or stranded gas fields����������������������������44
MFDevCo is proposing a new concept to harness gas from declining or stranded shal-
low-water gas fields. Gas-to-Wire is best suited to existing platforms which the company
and its partners would adapt for a new role, converting produced gas from the host field or
others nearby to electrical power. This power would be exported through a subsea cable to
a nearby onshore substation for onward transmission through a national grid, or sent to an
offshore wind farm to provide back-up power

19
in periods of calm weather.
Inspection advances improving integrity,
service life of floating platforms������������ 47
The offshore industry is applying new robotic
and digitization methods for inspections of
floating platforms which reduce the need for
DEPARTMENTS
human intervention for routine or hazardous
Online�������������������������������������� 4
tasks. The various initiatives have helped
Comment���������������������������������� 6
cut costs and have led to improved efficien-

47
Data���������������������������������������� 8
cy, because the methods developed can be
Global E&P������������������������������� 10
implemented while the platform is on station,
Offshore Europe������������������������� 12
with minimal disruption to normal offshore
Gulf of Mexico�������������������������� 13
operations.
Subsea Systems������������������������� 14
Substructure modeling, analysis methodology prolongs life of Zakum offshore complex����50 Vessels, Rigs, & Surface Systems��� 16
ZADCO has conducted a structural integrity assessment for structures in the Zakum Central Drilling & Production������������������ 18
Complex offshore Abu Dhabi, to assess the potential for life extensions of the facilities, some Offshore Wind Energy������������������ 19
of which were installed in the 1980s. The company used Bentley’s SACS and SACS Collapse Business Briefs������������������������� 61
software for the jacket re-qualification program, with multiple benefits including inspection Advertisers’ Index���������������������� 63
time and cost savings. ZADCO uses SACS for offshore Zakum life extension analysis. Beyond the Horizon��������������������� 64

2 WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM | OFFSHORE   SEPTEMBER 2019

1909OFF01-03.indd 2 8/30/19 1:24 PM NatOilV

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 • ONLINE

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 • COMMENT
Operators seek alternative techniques
to improve ‘stranded’ economics
DAVID PAGANIE, CHIEF EDITOR
THERE ARE MANY concepts that aim to improve
the economics of stranded resources, but one al-
ternative for gas is reportedly gaining interest. It
involves converting the resource to electric power
and sending it through a subsea cable to shore, or
to a local wind farm. It is called Gas-to-Wire. The
concept involves adapting platforms serving de-
clining reservoirs and converting the gas from the existing field and
potentially nearby fields, developed or undeveloped, to electrical
power. The technology developers are initially targeting marginal
fields in the North Sea. Jeremy Beckman, Offshore Editor-Europe,
provides a detailed review of the technology and potential applica-
tions, starting on page 44.
For stranded or marginal oil fields, subsea storage may provide
a cost-effective field development option. Similar to Gas-to-Wire,
this option is attractive in fields where discovered reserves do not
justify the construction of new pipelines; and in areas where there
is no existing pipeline infrastructure. Subsea storage has been de-
6
RMYou_OS_1901 1 NGL14v_petro_141010
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ployed in the Solan oil field, in 135 m (443 ft) of water in the UK
North Sea, where it has been operating successfully since the field
was placed online in April 2016. The produced oil is stored in a
specially designed steel subsea oil storage tank that is about 300 m
(984 ft) from the platform. Oil is transferred from the tank to shuttle
tankers, and then to market. Another innovative feature of the
development is full automation, which enables remote control from
an onshore control room in Aberdeen. Starting on page 42, Bruce
Beaubouef, Offshore Managing Editor, discusses the design and
operation of the subsea oil storage system, and other versions of
the technology that are emerging.
Also, inside this issue, the Offshore editorial team reviews a se-
lection of technologies for seismic data acquisition and drilling that
are enabling E&P campaigns. This review starts on page 20.
To respond to articles in Offshore, or to offer articles for publication,
contact the editor by email (dpaganie@endeavorb2b.com).
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 • DATA

Worldwide offshore rig WORLDWIDE OFFSHORE RIG COUNT AND UTILIZATION RATE
count and utilization rate AUGUST 2017 – JULY 2019
After a couple consecutive months of
1,000 100
healthy growth, the offshore drilling mar-
ket has returned to being nearly flat.
The total number of jackups, semis, and 900 90
drillships under contract grew by three

Fleet utilization rate, %

800 80

Number of rigs
units from 463 units in June to 466 in
July. Meanwhile, the global fleet had a
one-unit increase over that period, with 700 70
total supply now at 760 rigs. As a result,
utilization has seen a small improvement 600 60
from 61.1% in June to 61.4% in July. At
the same time, the number of rigs work- 500 50
ing has also experienced a modest in-
crease of three units recently, rising from 400 40
435 in June to 438 in July.
 – Justin Smith, Petrodata by IHS Markit 300 Aug. Oct. Dec. Feb. Apr. June Aug. Oct. Dec. Feb. Apr. June
30
2017 2018 2019
Total utilization % Total supply Total under contract Working
Back in black Note: Rig types included are jackups, semis, and drillships
The market sector for services in engi- Source: IHS Markit RigPoint
neering, procurement, construction, and
installation (EPCI) has been trudging along EPCI MARKET SIZE CHANGE YEAR-OVER-YEAR*
through the downturn since the oil price
crash. However, 2019 is set to be the year 15% 13% 13% 180
$164
that activity not only picks up, but the first 160
10% $151

Billion USD contract awards

year of growth since oil traded at over $100/
bbl. This growth comes about thanks to an 5% 5% 140
increase in contracts awarded in 2017 that 1% 0% 120
are now seeing significant expenditure. 0%
Percent

While the market is expected to remain flat 100

–5% – 4%
next year and revive again in 2021, growth 80
will likely surge in 2022. Though this will not –10% – 8%
bump global markets back up to the 2014 60
glory days, one exception will likely be the –15% 40
Middle East. If all goes as planned, this will y/y EPCI market size change
– 20% – 19%
surpass even the EPCI expenditures last –20% 20
EPCI contract awards
seen in 2014. –25% 0
 – Sara Sottilotta, Analyst, Oilfield Service 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Team, Rystad Energy Note: * Based on expenditure and contract award values
Source: Rystad Energy ServiceCube

LARGEST DISCOVERIES OF 1H 2019

High-impact exploration
finding mostly gas 1,000
In 1H 2019, 51 high-impact exploration
wells were completed, according to Ja- 800 Gas Oil Gas Cond
mie Collard, senior analyst, Westwood.
Volume (MMboe)

Sixteen discoveries estimated to be over

100 MMboe were made, with the largest 600
discoveries all being gas at Dinkov (~14
tcf) and Nyarmeyskoye (4.3 tcf) in the Kara
Sea off Russia, and Glaucus (4.5 tcf) in 400
the eastern Mediterranean off Cyprus. The
largest oil discoveries are at Yellowtail and 200
Tilapia of Guyana. High-impact emerging
play exploration was dominated by the Up-
per Cretaceous Liza play off Guyana, the 0
Dinkov

Glaucus

Nyarmeyskoye

GTA-1

Yellowtail

Tilapia

KBD

Lang Lebah

Blacktip

Brulpadda

Glengorm

Agogo

Haimara

Karish North

Agidigbo

Akoma

Pliocene deepwater clastic play off Trini-

dad, and the Cretaceous gas play in the
Kara Sea. High-impact success was also
seen in maturing/mature plays, including
Eni’s block 15/06 off Angola (Agidigbo and
Agogo) and at CNOOC’s Glengorm dis-
covery in the UK central North Sea. Source: Westwood Global Energy Group

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• GLOBAL E&P
NORTH AMERICA
Hilcorp has approval from the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management
to acquire the first geophysical survey since 2015 over the Cook
Inlet off southern Alaska. The 3D program, across part of the lower
Cook Inlet, west of Kachemak Bay, should take 60 days to
complete.
◆◆◆
Abrado Wellbore Services will support Chevron’s campaign to P&A
over 30 wells in federal waters around 19.3 km (12 mi) offshore
California. The wells are exhibiting signs of sustained casing pres-
sure, with some in need of dual-string remediation for permanent
abandonment. Abrado will provide section milling using its Medusa
VS variable stabilized dual-string technology, supported by down-
hole video diagnostics.
◆◆◆
Suncor Energy has sanctioned a life extension program for the
Terra Nova oilfield and FPSO, 350 km (217 mi) southeast of New-
foundland, until 2031. Production started in 1984, and the FPSO/
subsea production system was the first in North America protected
against sea ice and icebergs. The latest development phase, due
to start next year, should recover a further 80 MMbbl.
◆◆◆
Bahamas Petroleum Co. (BPC) has a provisional agreement with
Seadrill for a sixth-generation rig to drill a first exploration well off
the Bahamas, starting in the first half of 2020. BPC has also ap-
pointed Halliburton as its integrated well services provider, with
BHGE supplying wellheads, tubulars and related equipment.
CARIBBEAN SEA/SOUTH AMERICA
BHP and its partners have sanctioned the $500-million Ruby oil
and gas project in block 3 (a) offshore Trinidad and Tobago. The
development will tieback production from the Ruby and Delaware
reservoirs via five wells to existing process facilities. BHP assesses
recoverable resources at 13.2 MMbbl of oil and 275 bcf of gas, and
anticipates peak production, some time after start-up in 2021, of
around 16,000 b/d and 80 MMcf/d.
◆◆◆
Tullow Oil has discovered what appears to be the first commercial
oilfield offshore Guyana outside the prolific Stabroek block. The
drillship Stena Forth drilled the Jethro-1 well in 1,350 m (4,265 ft)
of water on the Orinduik license, encountering 55 m (180.5 ft) of
net oil pay from Lower Tertiary sandstone reservoirs. Drilling
started late last month on the shallower, Upper Tertiary Joe pros-
pect. Qatar Petroleum recently joined the partnership following a
farm-in transaction with Total.
The newly converted FPSO Liza Destiny should shortly reach
Guyana following a two-month voyage from Keppel Shipyard in
Singapore. The floater, formerly the VLCC Tina, is heading to the
ExxonMobil-operated Liza field, 200 km (124 mi) from the coast,
where it will undergo hook-up to the subsea system. According to
contractor SBM Offshore, it will be spread-moored in 1,525 m (5,003
ft) water depth, with the capability to produce up to 120,000 b/d
of oil.
◆◆◆
10
1909OFF04-19.indd 10
JEREMY BECKMAN
LONDON
Petrobras has agreed to sales of two sets of shallow-water fields
offshore Brazil. Trident Energy is paying $851 million for the com-
pany’s 100% operated interest in the Pampo and Enchiva clusters
in the Campos basin off Rio de Janeiro state. These encompass 10
oil and gas fields with combined production, through four platforms,
of around 25,000 boe/d. Karoon Petróleo & Gás will pay $665 million
for Petrobras’ 100% stake in the Baúna oilfield in the Santos basin,
where operations started in 2013. Baúna currently produces 20,000
b/d through the FPSO Cidade de Itajaí.
◆◆◆
Equinor and YPF will jointly explore the CAN 100 block in the
Northern Argentinian offshore basin, after YPF agreed to transfer
50% of its share of the concession. CAN 100 is the largest block in
the basin, Equinor said, extending across 15,000 sq km (5,791 sq
mi). The companies were already partners in two other permits in
the same basin, awarded earlier this year under Argentina’s first
international offshore bid round.
Location of the CAN 100 block offshore Argentina. (Courtesy
Equinor)
WEST AFRICA
Halliburton has secured multiple drilling and completion services
contracts from Woodside Energy for the deepwater SNE field
development offshore Senegal, conditional on a final investment
decision by the partners. The Phase 1 campaign, which could start
in late 2020, encompasses 18 wells with options for up to eight
more, with the program potentially lasting up to four years.
◆◆◆
Svenska Petroleum has agreed to transfer to China’s CNOOC 55%
of its share of the Sinapa and Esperança petroleum licenses offshore
Guinea-Bissau. Svenska would retain a 23.03% interest, the remain-
der held by Australia’s FAR. Pending government approval, the
partnership plans to drill the country’s first deepwater exploration
well early next year on the 470-MMbbl Greater Atum prospect,
testing a shelf-edge play analogous to SNE off Senegal to the north.
◆◆◆
Total has agreed to supply up to 500,000 metric tons/yr (551,156
tons) of re-gasified LNG from its global portfolio to the Republic of
Benin and Société Béninoise d’Energie Electrique. Under the 15-year
arrangement, due to start in 2021, Total will develop and operate a
floating storage and re-gasification unit stationed offshore Benin,
and an offshore pipeline connected to power plants in Maria
Gléta.
WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM | OFFSHORE   SEPTEMBER 2019
8/30/19 1:24 PM
 JEREMY BECKMAN
LONDON
◆◆◆
Tenaris expects to fabricate 21,000 metric tons (23,148 tons) of line
pipe at its Confad mill in Brazil for the export pipeline for Noble
Energy’s Alen field gas monetization project offshore Equatorial
Guinea. The 70-km (43-mi) subsea line will take gas from the field’s
platform to processing facilities on Bioko Island.
◆◆◆
Agogo-2, Eni’s first appraisal well of the Miocene/Oiligocene Agogo
discovery in block 15/06 offshore Angola, has confirmed in-place oil
of around 650
MMbbl, with po-
tential upside in
the field’s north-
ern section.
Transocean’s drill-
ship Poseidon
drilled the well, 3
km (2 mi) north- The Versatile Production Unit. (Courtesy
west of Agogo-1 in Amplus Energy Services)
1,700 m (5,577 ft)
water depth. The location is 23 km (14 mi) from the FPSO N’Goma
serving the block’s West Hub, which will likely host a subsea tieback
of Agogo later this year.
Amplus Energy Services is working with TechnipFMC, Halliburton,
and Prodiaman Oil Services on a project to assess development
solutions for various marginal fields offshore Angola. The client is
said to be a major operator. Amplus’ work will focus on the application
of its Versatile Production Unit, a dynamically positioned vessel with
a disconnectable turret buoy, allowing the ship to relocate from field
to field.
MEDITERRANEAN SEA
Malta’s government has reportedly awarded Edison International
and exploration license for blocks 1, 2, and 3 offshore the islands’
north coast. The exploration study agreement for the 6,400-sq km
(2,471-sq mi) concession runs for a year, with a focus on geological
and geophysical studies of existing data.
◆◆◆
Israel’s Petroleum Council has granted Energean Oil and Gas four
new licenses in block D, 45 km (28 mi) from the Israeli coast. Energean
has already identified one prospect which it believes is analogous to
the deepwater Tamar Sand fields Karish and Leviathan (both under
development), and Tamar.
MIDDLE EAST
McDermott International has an EPCI contract from Saudi Aramco
to supply a production deck module for the offshore Hasbah gas
field, and to undertake hookup/modifications at facilities serving
the Karan fields. The work scope includes installation of a 6-km
(3.7-mi), 16-in. corrosion-resistant alloy cladded flowline and a 6.5-
km (4-mi) subsea umbilical cable.
◆◆◆
ADNOC and CNOOC have agreed to jointly pursue upstream, down-
stream, and LNG opportunities. They also plan to share their latest
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GLOBAL E&P •
developments in ultra-sour gas technologies. Chinese offshore con-
tractors COOEC and COSL could collaborate with the partners on
future projects off Abu Dhabi. ADNOC had earlier signed a framework
agreement with Indonesia’s Pertamina on potential collaborations
on upstream/downstream projects, including in the UAE.
◆◆◆
Aker Solutions’ manufacturing complex in Mobile, Alabama, will
supply four steel tube umbilicals with a total length of over 100 km
(62 mi) for ADNOC’s Dalma field gas development in the Persian
Gulf, under a $78-million contract. The umbilical system will connect
the subsea equipment – the first ever for a project in UAE waters,
according to Aker Solutions – to three new wellhead platforms, also
linking the topside facilities on the offshore control platform to
equipment onshore.
◆◆◆
Seadrill and Qatari contractor Gulf Drilling International have agreed
to form a 50/50 joint venture. GulfDrill will initially manage and
operate five jackups locally for Qatar Petroleum, starting in 2020,
including bareboats charters of Seadrill’s West Telesto and West
Castor. The associated contracts, due to conclude by 2024, carry
extension options which if exercised could extend the total value
above $1 billion.
EAST AFRICA
Qatar Petroleum will
join operator Eni and
Total in three prospec- Eni/Total’s blocks
tive exploration blocks offshore Kenya.
(Courtesy Qatar
offshore Kenya, pend-
Petroleum)
ing government ap-
proval. The company
will farm into 25% of blocks L11A, L11B and L12 in the Lamu basin,
in water depths ranging from 1,000-2,700 m (3,280-8,858 ft).
◆◆◆
ASIA/PACIFIC
Intecsea has received a project management consultancy services
contract from Reliance Industries Ltd. for the deepwater MJ field
development off eastern India. MJ is a HP/HT gas-condensate field
in 700-1,000 m (2,297-3,609 ft) water depth in the KG basin. Intecsea’s
scope covers the EPS phases for the subsea facilities and processing
facilities on an FPSO, and work on an existing gas trunk line.
◆◆◆
Eni has discovered gas and condensate in the Ken Bau prospect in
the Song Hong basin offshore Vietnam. The Ken Bau 1X well, drilled
in 95 m (312 ft) of water in block 114, intersected various productive
intervals in sandstone interbedded with Miocene shale, with an
estimated net reservoir thickness of over 100 m (328 ft).
AUSTRALIA
Australia’s government has invited bids for 64 areas under the
country’s 2019 offshore petroleum acreage release, the largest
since 2000. They cover more than 120,000 sq km in the Bonaparte,
Browse, Gippsland, Northern Carnarvon, and Otway basins. Bids
are due by March 5, 2020. •
8/30/19 1:24 PM

• OFFSHORE EUROPE
SPUTNIK EXTENDS BARENTS OIL PROVINCE
Equinor and OMV have revived hope of an oil province in the
Barents Sea with their Sputnik discovery in the northern Hoop
area. Recent wildcat drilling on other prospects across the sector
had delivered sub-commercial gas at best.
Sputnik is in the southern part of the sea in license PL855, 30
km (18.6 mi) northeast of the two companies’ 440-MMbbl Wisting
development. The semisub West Hercules drilled the latest well in
a large channel system, penetrating a 15-m (49-ft) oil column in a
Triassic sandstone reservoir. This was a play Equinor had first
targeted in 2017 with its minor oil find, Gemini Nord.
Nick Ashton, svp for exploration in Norway and the UK, com-
Location of the Sputnik oil discovery. (Courtesy Equinor)
mented: “The geology in the Barents Sea is complex, and more
work lies ahead to determine commerciality. But this discovery
shows that persistence and our ability to learn from previous well
results does pay off.”
Equinor estimates recoverable resources in the range of 20-65
MMbbl. Although Sputnik is remote, lying over 300 km (186 mi)
north of the Norwegian mainland, it could be tied into a phased
development of the Wisting area, according to Wood Mackenzie
analyst Jamie Thompson, potentially coming onstream toward the
end of the 2020s when Wisting will likely come off plateau. The
new find emphasizes the need for the industry to commit to new
infrastructure in the basin, Thompson said. Later this year Equinor
is set to drill the Mist prospect, close to its Johan Castberg complex,
and there are plans for further potential high-impact wells in the
Hoop region and the southeastern Barents Sea in 2020, he
added.
EQUINOR STARTS UP MARINER
Mariner, Equinor’s first operated greenfield project in UK waters,
has come onstream in the East Shetland basin seven years after
sanction. This has been one of the company’s most complex de-
velopments in its entire portfolio, admitted Anders Opedal, EVP
for Technology, Projects and Drilling. Texaco discovered the field
in the early 1980s, and like its successor Chevron ended up defeated
by the combination of heavy oil and ultra-complex reservoirs.
Equinor, however, brought a fresh approach, drawing in part
on its experience at the Peregrino heavy oilfield in the Campos
basin, and the company expects to produce over 300 MMbbl over
12
1909OFF04-19.indd 12
JEREMY BECKMAN
LONDON
the next three decades through the conventional fixed steel platform
and up to 70,000 b/d at peak. Analysis of new seismic data improved
understanding of the reservoirs, Opedal explained, resulting in
fewer wells and more optimal placement, which led to an upgrade
of the resource. The team plans to continue applying modern
solutions such as automated drilling, digital twins, and field worker
tools to sustain the optimization process and to raise recovery
further through additional drilling and future tieback
opportunities.
Total investments have so far exceeded $7.7 billion, making this
the largest UK offshore development of the past decade, said Oil
& Gas UK’s upstream policy director Mike Tholen.
POWERBUOY ON TRIAL AT HUNTINGTON
Premier Oil has agreed to the first ever offshore trial of the PB3
PowerBuoy at the Huntington oilfield in the UK central North Sea.
Developer Ocean Power Technologies and Acteon Group will
manage the program, which is supported by the Oil & Gas Tech-
nology Centre (OGTC) in Aberdeen. The moored buoy, which can
operate in water depths of 20 m (66 ft) and above, will constantly
recharge itself using wave energy. This will be harnessed to power
onboard sensors for monitoring purposes, including protection of
the surrounding subsea architecture.
Premier plans to use the system to assist decommissioning at
Huntington; according to the OGTC, it could also be adapted to
support small field developments or to serve as a charging hub for
AUVs.
The PowerBuoy prior to its first field trial. (Courtesy Oil & Gas
Technology Centre)
EXXONMOBIL’S UK FUTURE IN DOUBT
ExxonMobil is the latest major reportedly seeking to sell its UK
North Sea interests. Much of the value in the company’s estimated
$2-billion portfolio resides in its share of the Gannet, Penguins, and
Shearwater hubs.
Any buyer, according to Wood Mackenzie analyst Neivan Borou-
jerdi, would look to focus on increasing recovery and deferring
abandonment, although that would also depend on Shell’s invest-
ment plans, as a 50-50 co-venturer in the assets. •
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8/30/19 1:24 PM
 BRUCE BEAUBOUEF
HOUSTON
More Gulf projects receive final
investment decision
AFTER YEARS in the doldrums, things seem to be moving again
in the Gulf of Mexico. In August, both Murphy and Shell gave long-
planned projects the final investment decision (FID).
Shell said that it would move forward with the development of
its PowerNap field in the deepwater US Gulf.
Discovered in 2014, PowerNap will be developed as a subsea
tieback to the Shell-operated Olympus production hub, which is
co-owned by BP Exploration and Production Inc. (28.5%). The field
is in the south-central Mississippi Canyon area about 240 km (150
mi) from New Orleans in about 1,280 m (4,200 ft) of water.
The project is expected to start production in late 2021 and
produce up to 35,000 boe/d at peak rates.
Production will be transported to market on the Mars pipeline,
which is operated by Shell Pipeline Co. LP and co-owned by Shell
Midstream Partners, L.P. (71.5%) and BP Midstream Partners LP
(28.5%).
According to Shell, the project is anticipated to have a for-
ward-looking breakeven price of less than $35/bbl and is currently
estimated to contain more than 85 MMboe recoverable
resources.
Michael Murphy, research analyst, Gulf of Mexico, Wood Mack-
enzie, said: this FID “reflects a broader trend of majors embracing
subsea tiebacks that offer quicker paths to first oil and attractive
returns. We estimate the PowerNap field to have a development
breakeven in the low $30’s/bbl.
“This comes on the heel of Shell bringing the Kaikias subsea
tieback online in 2018, with an estimated development breakeven
in the low $30’s/bbl, and BP entering into the Nearly Headless Nick
tieback expected to come online by the end of 2019, just a year
after discovery.”
He added: “Recent exploration in the region has demonstrated
how majors in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico have adapted a com-
plimentary strategy of pursuing traditional large prospects, in
addition to infrastructure-led exploration.
“With internal rate of returns above 30% and development
breakeven in the low-to-mid $30’s, the sanctioning of subsea tiebacks
is proving that deepwater can compete with tight oil.”
Murphy Oil Corp. has sanctioned the King’s Quay FPS, Khaleesi/
Mormont, and Samurai field developments in the deepwater Gulf
of Mexico, the company revealed in its 2Q results statement.
The King’s Quay FPS facility will receive and process up to 80,000
b/d of oil production anchored by the Khaleesi/Mormont and
Samurai developments. It is expected to be in service in
mid-2022.
The Khaleesi/Mormont field development includes seven subsea
wells, of which four were previously drilled, and infrastructure
tieback to King’s Quay. Khaleesi is in Green Canyon block 390 and
Mormont is in Green Canyon block 478.
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GULF OF MEXICO •
The PowerNap field will be developed as a subsea tieback to the
Olympus production hub. (Courtesy Shell)
The Samurai field in Green Canyon block 476 will be developed
as a four-subsea well tieback to King’s Quay.
President and CEO Roger W. Jenkins said: “Our planned execution
on our new Gulf of Mexico revitalized asset base continues. These
projects have outstanding returns offering high-margin production
and a free cash flow runway going forward… This new FPS asset
could be easily monetized, and we are currently evaluating all our
options.
“We forecast first production from the FPS along with our two
new fields in mid-2022. Initial production from these assets is
expected to exceed 30,000 boe/d net at first oil.”
Wood Mackenzie analyst Mfon Usoro said: “Murphy’s sanction
of the trio of projects including the King’s Quay facility, Khaleesi/
Mormont, and Samurai shows that the Gulf of Mexico still offers
attractive investment opportunities. The Gulf of Mexico has evolved
since the downturn to shorter cycle projects and a leaner devel-
opment approach which has led to lower breakevens and higher
returns.”
Wood Mackenzie estimates a lead time for King’s Quay of five
years from discovery to first oil. According to Usoro, this is excep-
tionally quick and is roughly half the average lead time of a greenfield
development in deepwater Gulf of Mexico.
The analyst values Khaleesi/Mormont and Samurai at more
than $2 billion (NPV 10), and each project has a development-cycle
breakeven less than $35/bbl (PV 10, Brent).
“The FID of the King’s Quay facility is particularly significant
because it is one of only three greenfield projects in deepwater Gulf
of Mexico that have achieved FID since the downturn,” added
Usoro. “With a new platform set to enter the Gulf of Mexico, it
offers up opportunities to commercialize more small-scale subsea
tiebacks with higher returns.”
In addition, during 2Q, Murphy drilled and completed the
Dalmatian #2 well in Desoto Canyon block 4. First oil is expected
in 4Q. •
8/30/19 1:24 PM

• SUBSEA SYSTEMS
UNDERWATER INTERVENTION DRONE ENTERS
TESTING PHASE
Saipem subsidiary Sonsub
recently began endurance
and qualification tests of
its Hydrone-R underwater
intervention drone.
The Hydrone program is
the key workstream of
Saipem’s Technology De-
velopment Plan within sub-
sea robotics; a strategic
move aimed at changing
the paradigm of underwa- Hydrone-R is an underwater
ter inspections and inter- intervention drone capable of
ventions via a fleet of performing light construction works
as well as advanced inspections on
next-generation drones subsea assets. (Courtesy Saipem)
and advanced ancillary equipment.
Entirely executed by the Sonsub center, the program con-
sists of Hydrone-S, an advanced AUV; Hydrone-R, a resident
hybrid ROV/AUV; and Hydrone-W, a resident redeployable
ROV. Saipem said it has anticipated a phased commercial-
ization throughout 2019 and 2020.
Hydrone-R, the first unit to be launched in the market, is
an underwater intervention drone capable of performing
light construction works as well as advanced inspections on
subsea assets. It has a series of sensors embedded onboard
and proprietary Artificial Intelligence features for unmanned
navigation and autonomous anomaly detection on a wide
range of subsea systems.
The vehicle can remain underwater uninterruptedly for
12 months, making it the first ever resident subsea drone,
according to Sonsub. In this resident mode, the vehicle
features wireless operability and can be connected to subsea
infrastructures via through-water communication links. It
can cover an area within a 10-km (6-mi) radius for inspections
and interventions. In addition, more distance can be covered
via intermediate subsea docking stations for recharging,
mission download or data upload.
Roberto Di Silvestro, Head of Sonsub, said: “… Our extensive
qualification test campaign has been thoroughly scrutinized
by DNV GL and other reputable experts in order to attain a
third-party qualification for subsea resident use by November
2019…”
BHGE, MCDERMOTT RECEIVE ICHTHYS CONTRACTS
McDermott International Inc. and Baker Hughes, a GE company
have won contracts to provide a joint umbilicals, risers and
flowlines (URF) and subsea production systems (SPS) solution
for the INPEX-operated Ichthys LNG project offshore northwest
Australia.
The award includes a joint URF and SPS EPCI solution,
comprising a new subsea well gathering system (GS4), tied back
14
1909OFF04-19.indd 14
JESSICA STUMP
HOUSTON
to the existing central processing facility Ichthys Explorer. The
award also includes in-fill URF EPCI scope involving the devel-
opment of new subsea wells tied-in to the existing gathering
systems. Water range from 240 to 270 m (787 to 885 ft).
Fabrication of the subsea URF equipment will be carried out
at McDermott’s facility in Batam, Indonesia. Using the Subsea
Connect execution model, BHGE will deliver the SPS scope,
including vertical Xmas trees, associated production control
systems, distribution equipment and topsides controls as well
as associated installation and commissioning support services.
Offshore installation is expected to begin in 2020 and be com-
pleted in 2023.
ADNOC ORDERS AKER UMBILICALS FOR DALMA
ADNOC has contracted Aker Solutions to supply subsea um-
bilicals for the Dalma gas development project in shallow waters
off the UAE.
“This is the first subsea umbilical award by ADNOC in the
UAE and the first subsea award for Aker Solutions in the Persian
Gulf,” said Luis Araujo, CEO of Aker Solutions.
The scope of the $78-million award includes four steel tube
umbilicals totaling more than 100 km (62 mi). The umbilical
system will supply power, communication services, and chemical
injection fluids. It will connect the subsea equipment to three
new wellhead platforms and link the topsides facilities on the
offshore control platform to equipment located onshore.
The company’s plant in Mobile, Alabama, will design, engi-
neer, and manufacture the umbilical system, with the work due
to finish in early 2021.
MARKET VULNERABLE AT $50/BBL
The subsea market in 2019 will experience year-on-year growth
for the first time since 2014. But the positive outlook is vulnerable
to any significant decline in oil prices over the next few years,
according to Rystad Energy.
Henning Bjørvik, an analyst on the firm’s oilfield service team,
said: “We expect the subsea market to thrive during the coming
years, but market growth will be at risk if the oil price falls to
$50/bbl.”
Development this year is essentially locked in with brownfield
opportunities and already sanctioned projects. However, the
oil price will dictate growth moving forward.
In a $60 to $70 oil environment, the subsea market is poised
to grow around 7% annually up to 2025, Rystad claimed. But a
significant portion of this activity is at risk if the price of Brent
crude falls to $50/bbl. According to the firm, prices at that level
would still be enough to support 5% annual growth in the subsea
market through 2022, but after that the growth rate could fall
to zero.
“Although we expect the subsea market to have one of the
highest growth rates within oilfield services, the segment is
also more vulnerable to an oil price drop than the oilfield services
market in general. We see significant risks in terms of subsea
spending as well as growth,” Bjørvik said. •
WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM | OFFSHORE   SEPTEMBER 2019
8/30/19 1:24 PM 1909OF
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PM

• VESSELS, RIGS, & SURFACE SYSTEMS
FPSO MARKET GEARING UP FOR REVIVAL
The global market for FPSOs is headed for a major renaissance
with as many as 24 awards expected by 2020, driven mostly by
Brazil, according to analyst Rystad Energy.
South America leads the pack with 12 sanctioned FPSO
projects planned by the end of next year, followed by Asia with
four, Europe and Africa with three each, and two more in
Australia.
Rystad expects Brazil – currently witnessing an influx of
international E&P companies – to contract seven more FPSOs
in 2020, thereby bringing the country’s tally to more than one-
third of the awards anticipated globally this year and next.
Audun Martinsen, head of oilfield services research at Rystad
Energy, said: “The ongoing upswing in newly sanctioned FPSO
projects points to a brighter future for the FPSO market. Offshore
operators are finding their footing again after the downturn of
2014, as a robust rise in free cash flow has fueled a significant
uptick in deepwater investments.”
The FPSO boom in South America is mainly the result of
large investments in deepwater exploration and field develop-
ment. Another important factor has been Brazil’s recent relax-
ation of local content regulations, which has attracted new
international players to the table, the analyst said.
“With improved economic viability resulting from ongoing
standardization measures, coupled with growing deepwater
investments, FPSOs are likely to continue to emerge as an at-
tractive development option for many fields in all corners of
the world, in both deep and shallow water,” Martinsen added.
FPSO contractors Yinson and MODEC are particularly
well-positioned to benefit from this upswing through the next
wave of contract awards, according to Rystad’s projections.
MODEC UNVEILS NEXT-GENERATION FPSO HULLS
MODEC expects demand to keep rising for newbuild FPSO
hulls and has therefore joined forces with Mitsui E&S Shipbuild-
ing to develop MODEC NOAH. This is based on a next-gener-
ation hull design for FPSOs already developed by Mitsui called
the noah-FPSO Hull (NOAH standing for new offshore adapted
hull). However, MODEC NOAH is MODEC’s own new hull design,
developed to maximize the lifecycle value that each FPSO can
provide to beyond 20 years.
16
1909OFF04-19.indd 16
JESSICA STUMP
HOUSTON
The design addresses the technical limitations in oil tank-
er-converted FPSOs.
The main features are:
1. Adaptable to a wide range of shipyards globally
2. Large deck area to support larger, heavier, and more complex
topsides
3. Modular design, accommodating wide-ranging requirements
including various mooring configurations
4. Standardization of fore/aft modules and the parallel-body
module with adjustable lengths that can be constructed
separately at different shipyards. This broadens the options
for construction locations and adds scheduling flexibility,
based on dock availability
5. Unique hull form comprising flat or 2D bending plates that
are said to cut construction costs while maintaining sea-
keeping properties and minimizing the impact of green water
and slamming loads
6. Hull design favorable to machinery room volume, with ben-
eficial changes for the functionality of piping, and improved
safety of the living quarters
MODEC NOAH has received approval in principle from ABS,
Bureau Veritas, and DNV GL. (Courtesy MODEC)
The M350 has received approval in principle from ABS and DNV
GL. (Courtesy MODEC)
7. Hull form allows storage tanks to be continuously inspected
(during stable operations) by providing sufficient inspection
access
8. Work-efficient layout for maintenance required during the
long-term operations
9. More comfortable living area for crew members.
The company has received approval in principle (AiP) for
the new design from ABS, Bureau Veritas, and DNV GL.
It has also developed a second next-generation newbuild
FPSO hull, the M350, which has received AiPs from ABS and
DNV GL. The hull has been developed with Dalian Shipbuilding
Industry Co. in China. •
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 BRUCE BEAUBOUEF
• DRILLING & PRODUCTION HOUSTON

Drilling rig contractors see signs

of market improvement
OFFSHORE DRILLING rig contractors are reporting that they
are seeing signs of market improvement, particularly in day rates
and demand for harsh-environment rigs. But the reports are not
without reservation and caution.
Seadrill says that eight of its floaters started new contracts
during 2Q. However, the company is holding reactivating other
floaters until day rates improve further.
Nine of Seadrill’s jackups operated in 2Q with one starting a new
contract at a higher day rate. The company reactivated two of its
idle jackups.
During 2Q, the backlog of contracts grew by around $160 million.
The drillship West Gemini’s program off Angola was extended into
August and the rig secured a nine-well contract with three options, In August, the jackup Maersk Resilient spudded an appraisal well
each for two wells, off West Africa. Total contract value for the firm on the Harvey gas field in the UK southern North Sea for IOG.
(Courtesy Maersk Drilling)
portion, due to start in 4Q, should reach around $84 million, with
work continuing through 1Q 2021.
The jackup West Telesto gained a six-well contract with two
options, each for one well, offshore Malaysia. The firm portion
started in June and continues through December.
The ultra-deepwater drillship West Carina has a one-well con-
tract for Petronas off Brunei while Seadrill negotiated a one-month
extension of the jackup West Callisto’s program for Saudi Aramco
to September.
Equinor exercised three options for the semisub West Hercules
offshore Norway that continue through 1Q 2020.
More recently, the jackup AOD II gained a three-month extension
of a program for Saudi Aramco to October.
Tendering activity continues to improve in the drilling floater
market, Seadrill said, with the spot market for short-term work
competitive and rates for longer-term work improving. The drillship West Gemini has secured a nine-well contract with
three options, each for two wells, off West Africa. (Courtesy Seadrill)
There is demand for harsh-environment units and high-end
ultra-deepwater drillships with marketed use approaching 90%. It
now appears that 2018 marked the low point for benign environ-
ment floater fixtures, the company added. In the North Sea, the company sees various short-term and
It also sees improvements in the premium jackup market with longer-term duration opportunities for harsh environment jackups
marketed use above 80% and rates trending toward $100,000/d, from late 2019 into the first half of 2020. 
due largely to activity in the Middle East. The pace of recovery in the floating rig market, however, has
Maersk Drilling says it is seeing mixed signs in the markets for been slower over the past two years, although the proportion of
its offshore rigs. contracted floaters in the global fleet reached 80% in 2Q, again the
The steady recovery of the jackup market continued during 2Q, highest level since late 2015.
the company said, with the number of contracted units rising, and Day rates too have risen over the past year. However, forward
take-up of the globally marketed fleet reaching 80%, its highest coverage remains relatively low, Maersk cautioned, with many rigs
level since late 2015. coming off contract and becoming available.
Day rates too continued to rise. But with more widespread cash flow generation among oil
Take-up of available harsh-environment jackups capable of companies, and more financially robust projects supporting sanc-
working in the most challenging environments in the North Sea tioning of new projects, the company expects demand for offshore
is currently above 90%, and demand for jackup rigs looks set to rigs to continue rising, with consequent improvements in utilization
continue climbing. and day rates over the longer term. •

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WORLD’S FIRST FLOATING WIND FARM
PROJECT MOVES FORWARD
Equinor reports that Enova has approved an application for
funding of up to NOK2.3 billion ($256 million) to support the
Hywind Tampen project in the Norwegian North Sea. This
would be the world’s first floating offshore wind farm supplying
renewable power to offshore oil and gas installations.
Illustration of the Hywind Tampen project. Dimensions and
distances are not to scale. (Courtesy Equinor)
Equinor and its partners are considering the possibility of
supplying electricity from a floating offshore wind farm to the
Gullfaks and Snorre fields.
“With this support we have taken an important step forward
in realizing the project. Now it is up to the licensees to further
mature the project towards a final investment decision this
autumn,” said Pål Eitrheim, executive vice president for New
Energy Solutions in Equinor.
Earlier the Business Sector’s NOx Fund decided to support
the Hywind Tampen project by an investment grant of up to
NOK566 million ($63 million).
“The Hywind Tampen project will contribute to further
developing floating offshore wind technology and reducing the
costs of future floating offshore wind farms, offering new in-
dustrial opportunities for Norway, the licences and Norwegian
supplier industry in a growing global offshore wind market,”
said Olav-Bernt Haga, project director for Hywind Tampen.
Hywind Tampen may be the first project in the world for
supplying electricity generated by floating offshore wind turbines
to oil and gas platforms. The project will ensure profitable oil
and gas production from the Snorre and Gullfaks fields with
low CO₂ emissions. The project may reduce CO₂ emissions by
more than 200,000 tonnes per year, equivalent to emissions
from 100,000 private cars.
The Hywind Tampen offshore wind farm will consist of 11
wind turbines with a total capacity of 88 MW. The wind farm
will be able to meet around 35% of the annual demand for
electricity of the five platforms: Snorre A and B and Gullfaks A,
B, and C. In periods of strong wind, the percentage will be much
higher.
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1909OFF04-19.indd 19
OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY •
GREEN STORM TO WORK AT
DUDGEON OFFSHORE WIND FARM
Equinor has awarded Green Marine a three-year contract to
deliver operations and maintenance work for the Dudgeon
offshore wind farm in the southern North Sea.
Green Marine will supply its Damen-built 2610 Twin Axe
vessel, Green Storm, to assist in the operations and maintenance
of the wind farm alongside support from the company’s onshore
team.
The Green Storm is a dedicated vessel for the offshore wind
industry. It transports personnel and cargo to offshore
installations.
Simon Underwood, Equinor’s marine & logistics leader for
the Dudgeon project, said: “The Green Storm is an excellent
vessel that will allow us to continue safe and expeditious oper-
ations offshore at the Dudgeon windfarm.
“The Green Storm provides the technicians with a comfort-
able and efficient transfer platform that enhances efficient
productivity whilst maintaining the highest level of safety. She
is a welcome addition to our fleet and will work in tandem with
our service oper-
ations vessel.”
The Dudgeon
offshore wind
farm is located
off the coast of
Cromer in North
Norfolk. Since its
completion in
late 2017, the 402-
MW offshore
wind farm has The Green Storm is a Damen-built 2610 Twin
been producing Axe vessel. (Courtesy Green Marine)
enough energy to
power more than 410,000 UK homes from its 67 6-MW wind
turbine generators.
HMC WINS SECOND WIND CONTRACT OFFSHORE TAIWAN
Ørsted has contracted Heerema Marine Contractors to transport
and install 111 turbine foundations and two substations for the
900-MW Greater Changhua 1 and 2a offshore wind farms in
Taiwan.
The company will also be responsible for onshore marshalling
services as well as the seabed preparations and scour
protection.
The heavy-lift vessel Aegir will carry out the installation in
water depths of 30-35 m (98-115 ft) during 2021 and 2022.
The Greater Changhua offshore wind projects consist of four
sites in the Taiwan Strait, from 35-60 km (22-37 mi) off the coast
of Changhua County.
Ørsted has obtained site exclusivity on four offshore wind
sites with a planned total generation capacity of 2.4 GW. In 2018,
the company was awarded capacity for two projects of 900 MW
and 920 MW. •
8/30/19 1:24 PM
 • GEOLOGY & GEOPHYSICS
Ocean bottom node seismic market
gains momentum
Technology increasingly used for multi-client surveys
JESSICA STUMP, ASSISTANT EDITOR
THE MARINE SEISMIC MARKET was one of the hardest hit
sectors in the downturn. While the offshore industry is gradu-
ally recovering, one area that is showing continued growth is the
ocean bottom node seismic market. Demand is largely driven by
oil and gas companies’ focus on increased oil and recovery and
near-field exploration.
According to Kristian Johansen, CEO of TGS: “E&P companies
have for a long time recognized that ocean bottom nodes can
deliver a significant uplift in data quality. Technology develop-
ment and operational efficiencies are bringing costs down to a
level where large-scale exploration node surveys are becoming an
attractive option to support exploration and drilling decisions…
We are excited by the momentum that we see in this market.”
TGS has entered strategic collaborations with Schlumberger
and Axxis Geo Solutions ASA (AGS) for multi-client ocean bot-
tom node (OBN) projects in the deepwater US Gulf of Mexico
and North Sea, respectively. Under the agreements, the compa-
nies will work together to develop opportunities to co-invest in
these kinds of projects.
Its collaboration with WesternGeco, the geophysical services
product line of Schlumberger, includes the 2,758-sq km (1,065-
sq mi) Amendment Phase 1 project in the Mississippi Canyon
and Atwater Valley protraction areas. Supported by industry pre-
funding, Amendment Phase 1 is said to be the largest node sur-
vey in the Gulf of Mexico. Acquisition began in early 2019 using
Magseis Fairfield’s ZXPLR node technology. It was expected to
be completed in mid-August, with final data available in 2Q 2020.
The combination of OBN data, the associated velocity model
improvement, full-waveform inversion and other data process-
ing techniques will improve imaging of complex subsalt struc-
tures, the companies said.
As part of its collaboration with AGS, TGS has joined the
1,560-sq km (602-sq mi) Utsira multi-client OBN project in the
Norwegian North Sea. According to AGS, the project, which
began on July 3, has set several company records. For example,
it recorded more than 50,000 marine sources in one day. Plus,
the crew acquired more than 300,000 marine sources in a week.
The company said the record source production was made
possible by a record number of nodes being moved within the
same period. Its Constant Velocity nodal recovery and deploy-
ment system positioned and moved more than 14,000 OBNs
and deployed more than 700 km (435 mi) of receiver line during
the same period. Acquisition is expected to be completed in 4Q.
In May, CGG began its first multi-client OBN survey in the
20
1909OFF20-21.indd 20
ZXPLR is a hybrid node system capable of dual-mode deployment
in both deep and shallow water. (Image courtesy Magseis Fairfield)
Mississippi Canyon area of the Gulf of Mexico. Located in the
north-central region of the Gulf, the Mississippi Canyon Node sur-
vey is expected to provide well-sampled, full azimuthal coverage
with long offsets. Seabed Geosolutions, a joint venture between
Fugro and CGG, is providing the acquisition services including
its 4C ( four component) technology CASE Abyss OBNs, deployed
by ROVs to 2,100 m (6,890 ft) water depths.
The data will be processed by Subsurface Imaging, part of
CGG’s Geoscience division, in Houston. Implementation of the
company’s OBN processing techniques is said to provide a veloc-
ity model and improved definition of drilling targets. Preliminary
products are expected to be available in 3Q 2019, and final prod-
ucts are expected in 1Q 2020.
Seabed Geosolutions and ARGAS are conducting a 3D OBN
survey in the Red Sea for Saudi Aramco. The S-79 project involves
acquiring and processing 3D data over a large area in various
water depths, using Seabed’s 4C Manta OBNs and ROV deploy-
ment system in deepwaters and node-on-a-wire system in shal-
lower areas.
SAExploration Holdings Inc. recently completed its largest
shallow-water ocean bottom project. Located in the Arabian Sea
off the coast of India, the project for an unnamed NOC featured
more than 20 vessels, which included three OBN deployment
vessels and two seismic source vessels operating in dual source/
simultaneous source mode. A total of 5,400 OBNs and more than
1,300 km (808 mi) of rope were deployed to acquire about 1,200
sq km (463 sq mi) of full fold seismic data.
WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM | OFFSHORE   SEPTEMBER 2019
8/30/19 1:24 PM
 GEOLOGY & GEOPHYSICS •
The new
TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
Generation of
Collaboration plays a major role in the development of new seismic acquisition Service Loops
technologies.
Sonardyne, Shell Brasil, and Brazilian research institute Senai-Cimatec are devel-
oping autonomous technology for monitoring of deepwater presalt oil fields. The new
4D seismic monitoring system, based on on-demand OBNs, is under development
via a program promoted by the National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Bio-
fuels. Petrobras is also a partner.
The aims are to increase the autonomy of OBNs and allow them to be deployed
and remain on the seafloor for up to five years. During that period, there would be
no need for interventions such as connections for data extraction or replacement of
batteries. In addition, the nodes would communicate wirelessly with AUVs such as
the Shell-funded FlatFish AUV.
The project is divided into three main phases: development, including design and
initial testing of the new node, including communication with the underwater vehicle;
manufacturing of a pilot scale system; and deployment of the pilot system for three
years in one of Petrobras’ presalt fields.
Shearwater GeoServices Holding is collaborating with Equinor to develop new
marine seismic source technology. The development is supported by the Research
Council of Norway.
“This collaboration targets an untapped potential of seismic sources with the goal
of delivering better quality seismic data faster than current source technology,” said
Irene Waage Basili, Shearwater’s CEO.
“We aim to bring about a step-change in productivity by completing surveys faster
and reducing the overall cost and external impact of marine seismic acquisition.”

igus e-loop
®

l Requires up to 75 %
less maintenance than
A Manta node deployed in the Red Sea as part of the S-79 project for Saudi Aramco.
conventional service
(Image courtesy Seabed Geosolutions)
loop solutions
l Cable friendly interior

Shearwater will accelerate development of its marine vibratory sources which are providing a controlled
said to provide full control of the emitted wavefield, a fundamentally difference from bending radius
l Outer PU-body protects
existing source techniques. cables & hoses against
The non-impulsive nature of this development, the company added, should deliver impacts
environmental benefits, especially in sensitive, difficult to access areas and extreme l Drop safe but modular design

climates. to open and replace all items

l Easy installation, even
Shearwater will hold exclusive rights to market the system while Equinor will ini-
for retrofits
tially have preferential access to the technology.
Shearwater has also agreed with CGG to create a technology partnership, under the Visit us: TOC Americas,
Cartagena – Stand C16
Sercel brand name and CGG’s majority ownership, for the development, manufactur-
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ing, commercialization, and support of marine streamer seismic acquisition systems. •

/e-loop
Tel. +49-2203-9649-800 info@igus.eu
SEPTEMBER 2019   OFFSHORE | WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM21

1909OFF_Igus 1 8/23/19 10:23 AM

1909OFF20-21.indd 21 8/30/19 1:24 PM
 • DRILLING & COMPLETION

A tensioner component of the

wellhead fatigue mitigation
system in the moonpool ready
for installation. (Courtesy
Trendsetter Vulcan Offshore)

Drilling technologies advance to meet

challenging reservoir environments
Contractors, OEMS work to make offshore E&P more competitive

BRUCE BEAUBOUEF, MANAGING EDITOR

DRILLING ACTIVITIES are picking up in a number of off-
shore regions, and drilling contractors and downhole service
firms are developing and introducing new technologies to help
operators advance their E&P campaigns.
The North Sea is perhaps the busiest offshore E&P region
these days. Here, Baker Hughes, a GE company (BHGE), says
that it has successfully deployed its SureCONNECT intelligent
downhole system for an operator in the North Sea. The system
allows connection of the upper completion components to the
lower completion with hydraulic, electric, or fiber-optic conduits.
For the first time, the company claims, operators can attain
real-time fiber-optic monitoring across the entire wellbore over
the life of the well. This should assist optimization of reservoir
performance and help mitigate risks such as equipment failures.
Recently the company introduced its GeoFORM conform-
able sand management system, which expands and conforms
to complex well profiles. This is said to improve sand control
performance, with fewer operational requirements.
Under an integrated well services contract for Equinor,
BHGE fully integrated eight drilling units during the first half
of 2019, in addition to the two existing units.
It employed a remote operations model for part of the proj-
ect, using automation to improve efficiency and safety and to
standardize processes.

22 WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM | OFFSHORE   SEPTEMBER 2019

1909OFF22-24.indd 22 8/30/19 1:24 PM

 DRILLING & COMPLETION •

Elsewhere in the North Sea, Chur- For the New Zealand program, the technology will be combined with a wireless
chill Drilling Tools says that its DAV MX monitoring system based on Sonardyne’s Subsea Monitoring, Analysis and Report-
CircSub has improved a North Sea oper- ing Technology (SMART) to reduce wellhead fatigue during the semisubmersible
ator’s wellhead base jetting operations. COSLProspector’s upcoming drilling on the Tui oil field.
Having completed a drilling program, SMART is said to ensure that operations remain within fatigue safety limits by
the client had to remove cuttings debris monitoring movement of the BOP and the bottom of the drilling riser, and provid-
from its wellhead base prior to wellhead ing in situ data processing to extract information such as minimum, maximum and
installation. standard deviations for accelerations and rotations in all axes.
However, local sea currents were not
sufficient to wash away the cuttings natu-
rally, and the operator wanted to avoid the
cost of a dedicated jetting assembly run.
The company decided to run the A VAN BEEST BRAND
DAV MX CircSub in the drillstring. After
remaining dormant through the drilling
phase, the device was activated using a
Churchill smart dart to achieve a jetting
bypass of 1,200 gallons/min.
The high velocity of the fluid jetting
through the device’s four custom angled
ports was strong enough to remove the
cuttings via two 30-minute sweeps of the
wellhead base, allowing the wellhead to
be installed soon afterwards.
Elsewhere in the UK offshore sector,
the tool was deployed in July to improve
hole cleaning, displacements, curing
losses and abandonments for various
operators.
In the Pacific, Trendsetter Vulcan Off-
shore (TVO) says it will deploy its new
wellhead fatigue mitigation system for
Tamarind Resources in the Taranki basin
offshore New Zealand.
This is said to alleviate the impact of
modern, large BOPs on legacy wellheads
by arresting the motion of the BOP stack
through four tethers, all anchored to the
seafloor.
TVO CEO Jim Maher said that “this
lighter and less expensive tethered BOP
enables reliable operations on new explo-
ration wells and simplifies re-entry and
P&A on older wells.”
The system is said to substantially
reduce wellhead cyclic stresses and
enhance fatigue life. Depending on the
riser and wellhead configuration, fatigue
life can be improved by 1,000 times the
original unmitigated wellhead fatigue, the
company claimed.
Another stated benefit is the increased
limit to the rig watch circle, particularly
in shallow water, where watch circles can
be restrictive.

1909OFF22-24.indd 23 1909OFF_VanBeest 1 8/30/19 8:11

8/21/19 1:24AM
PM
 • DRILLING & COMPLETION
The Stack-View platform and dashboards are expected to
accessible from any mobile device or computer and any location by
early 2020. (Courtesy Diamond Offshore Drilling Inc.)
According to Kevin Chell of TVO, the
new design addresses the need to access
wells where the wellhead was not designed
to handle the loads and strain induced by
modern, larger, and heavier BOPs. “Using
our tethering and monitoring system,
operators are able to use their subsea
infrastructure with confidence for longer,
which means they can economically access
more resources and extend the life of their
fields,” Chell said.
OTHER NEW TECHNOLOGIES
Diamond Offshore Drilling Inc. has
launched its Stack-View service, a solu-
tion that applies 24/7 real-time monitoring,
data visualization, and analytics to identify
trends and detect anomalies in BOP per-
formance across its rig fleet.
The leading indicators derived from the
service are said to enable predictive main- AlphaST is said to be the market’s
tenance and subsea downtime prevention, first system able to initiate side track
increasing drilling productivity and lower- operations without the need of a cement
plug. (Courtesy Weatherford)
ing the total cost of the well.
The real-time data gathered and ana-
lyzed by the underlying technology in Stack-View is contin-
uously overlaid or “stacked” with historical data, then data
visualization, trending, and advanced analytics is applied to
predict when BOP components will fail or when maintenance
is required, the company said.
This shift to predictive maintenance from time-based main-
tenance mitigates stack pulls and maintenance-induced issues,
with the ability to reduce non-productive time by up to 50%
depending on the water depth and well complexity.
Developed in partnership with Deepwater Subsea LLC, the
customized Stack-View platform and dashboards are expected
to accessible from any mobile device or computer and any loca-
tion by early 2020.
Marc Edwards, president and CEO of Diamond Offshore,
said: “Subsea equipment repairs and maintenance continues
24
1909OFF22-24.indd 24
The SureCONNECT intelligent downhole system allows connection
of the upper completion components to the lower completion with
hydraulic, electric, or fiber-optic conduits. (Courtesy BHGE)
to be a major contributor to a rig’s non-pro-
ductive time, resulting in great expense to
both drillers and operators. We continue to
look for ways to improve operational effi-
ciencies and reduce operators’ total cost of
ownership to make the economics of off-
shore drilling more competitive.” With the
Stack-View service, Edwards noted, “we will
be able to monitor and analyze the health
of each BOP across our fleet in real time to
make more data-driven decisions that cre-
ate further cost-savings and performance
improvement.” 
The company said the new platform is
fully configurable and has the future capa-
bility to integrate with its Sim-Stack service
and BOP failure reporting database. Com-
bined, these systems will provide a holistic
view of a BOP’s health as well as past and
future performance, allowing the company
to transition to conditioned-based mainte-
nance to further reduce costs while increas-
ing subsea equipment reliability.
In addition, the company said the com-
bined solutions will support operators in
meeting BSEE’s requirements for 21-day BOP pressure testing
frequency.
Weatherford International plc has released the AlphaST sin-
gle-trip open hole cementing side track system. The company
said this is the market’s first system with the capability to ini-
tiate side track operations without the need of a cement plug.
It is designed to increase operator flexibility, eliminate multiple
trips, and avoid costly cementing operations. Dean Bell, presi-
dent, Well Construction for Weatherford, said: “For operators,
AlphaST means you will never again need to side track from a
cement plug. AlphaST enables operators to avoid the cost and
time of setting a cement plug, waiting on cement and time drill-
ing. The bottomline is opex savings equal to days of rig time.” The
company said the system saved an operator 29 hours of rig time
and more than $100,000 of operational expense on one well. •
WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM | OFFSHORE   SEPTEMBER 2019
8/30/19 1:24 PM

Shallow-water capping methodology
helps mitigate flammable gas risk
Mitigating flammable gas risk with shallow-water capping methodology
CHRISTOPHER LECOMPTE AND ALISTAIR GILL, WILD WELL CONTROL
ANY SHALLOW-WATER
capping methodology has to
address a number of factors, but
perhaps the most important is the presence of
flammable gas on the surface of the ocean. As
it pertains to well control events, shallow-water
capping depth ranges to approximately 150 m or
less with a subsea wellhead system.
A new approach to shallow-water capping involves
heavy pre-planning operations as part of the overall
approach to capping blowouts. The methodology for
well control is divided into three parts: analytical eval-
uation of the well’s risks including depth and hazard
potential; identification of qualified equipment for deploy-
ing and capping operations; and application of the analyt-
ical data to provide an engineered solution using statistical
modeling.
EVALUATING RISK DURING PRE-PLANNING
In comparatively shallow-water depths, working and deploy-
ing subsea equipment can be particularly challenging. A
partial list of complications for capping shallow-water well
events includes large radius surface boils, and large clouds of
dangerous or explosive gas/lower explosive limit (LEL) capa-
ble of igniting and creating potential fire hazards at or near
the well site.
When evaluating the well’s risk, flammable gas must be taken
into consideration, as the presence of gas will affect the over-
all capping operation. A key component of this shallow-water
capping method is the creation of computational fluid dynam-
ics (CFD) simulations. These simulations enable engineers to
model the dispersion of the hydrocarbons in the ocean as they
rise from the seabed to the surface. These simulations deter-
mine the radius over which gas breaks out into the atmosphere,
the so-called surface boil, and whether or not the gas concen-
trations are likely to form a flammable cloud.
As the gas rises through the water column, it drags a quan-
tity of seawater with it. Once the gas reaches the sea surface, it
disperses into the atmosphere. However, gravity prevents the
upwelling seawater from doing the same, and a series of sur-
face waves and a radial outflow develop. These surface waves
and the radial outflow impact the capping stack deployment
vessel, which must be able to hold its position relative to the
well center.
SEPTEMBER 2019   OFFSHORE | WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM25
1909OFF25-26.indd 25
DRILLING & COMPLETION •
CASE STUDY
As part of its
pre-planning opera-
tions, a client contacted Wild Well to assist
with planning for a well in a water depth of
approximately 120 m with a potential blowout
rate approaching 900 MMscf/d of gas and 40,000
b/d of oil. A subsea plume and gas dispersion anal-
ysis was conducted for the given well particulars,
and the results showed a 50-m boil at surface
with a gas cloud of flammable gas extending 50
m upwind and 1,200 m downwind from the well
center. The results of these analyses were used to
plan for potential relief well loca-
Subsea Plume tions and to evaluate equipment
CFD simulation. for capping stack deployment.
Two different equipment sce-
narios were developed for capping
the well, and Wild Well was able to provide a relief well
plan and capping stack deployment plan based upon the
expected worst-case surface conditions. These plans were
included in the client’s overall emergency response plan
submitted to and approved by their regulator so that
the drilling project could move forward.
By applying the analysis and output of the modeling
software, the characteristics of the shallow-water plume
behavior can help estimate the potential gas concentra-
tion and surface boil. With this methodology, engineers can
identify the equipment needed to safely deploy the capping
stack over the center of the blowing well, while accounting
for shallow-water capping challenges.
EQUIPMENT SELECTION
When determining potential equipment selection, Wild Well
prefers to make the choice from vessels of opportunity based
on the particular circumstances surrounding the specific well
event. Qualified vessels available in the region can include
the use of large, “heavy-lift” vessels of barge, shipshape, and
semisubmersible type, and some smaller vessels if dictated
by the situation.
By incorporating the benefits of dynamic positioning capa-
bility into the overall response effort, vessel station keeping can
help protect equipment and personnel from the potential for
explosive gas and surface boils. Station-keeping requirements for
8/30/19 1:24 PM
 • DRILLING & COMPLETION
Conventional
stack
deployment.
the capping stack deployment vessel are
determined using marine dynamic finite
element analysis. This analysis takes into
account the forces generated by the sur-
face waves and radial outflow. Marine
dynamics analysis then determines the
deployment vessel’s response and if this
can be counteracted adequately by an
appropriate mooring or thruster arrange-
ment. An arrangement of a properly out-
fitted ocean-going deck barge and an
anchor handling tug supply (AHTS) ves-
sel will allow for placement of a capping
assembly over the well center while keep-
ing the tug and personnel away from
the hazards posed by the surface boil
and LEL.
Barge selection and therefore AHTS
is a function of radial flow velocities and
flammable gas threat. These parame-
ters will change significantly with well
deliverability, gas-to-oil ratio (GOR), and
water depth. When large gas plumes are
predicted, a larger barge is necessary to
keep the AHTS and crew away from flam-
mable gas. In cases of high radial veloc-
ities, station keeping can be assured in
a number of ways from anchor spreads
or suction piles to “portable” thrust-
ers. The AHTS would be sized appro-
priately for the deck barge and power
to hold station with the barge end over
the well center. Additional basic rigging
components include a fair lead to guide
the winch wire safely overboard, pas-
sive heave compensation, and rigging
26
1909OFF25-26.indd 26
components for passing the capping stack from the offshore construction vessel to
the AHTS wire for capping.
ENGINEERED RESPONSE SOLUTIONS
In recent years, the industry has shown increased interest in modeling releases of
varying rates, pressure, GOR, and water depth in locations across the globe. The
desire is to capture what a capping operation looks like and requires in the way of
resources during the pre-planning stage. Many of the older generation models wrongly
predict the size of the surface boils created by a subsea release. The boil size governs
the crane reach versus crane capacity requirements and can preclude a vessel from
working safely outside the boil and associated LEL radius or at least severely limit
vessel availability. This situation can occur with even the largest of heavy-lift crane
vessels. By using state of the art CFD modeling, Wild Well can ensure that the boil
size is predicted correctly.
As part of our engineered approach, the CFD simulations were validated against
large-scale tests, and were carried out as part of a joint industry project, SURE, of
which Wild Well was a participant. This five-year study ensures that the data pro-
vided by these simulations is accurate and reliable. CFD is also used to calculate vec-
tor forces expected on a deck barge, which influences station-keeping methods. If
the surface effects of the blowout can be successfully overcome, further simulations
are used to confirm that a capping stack can land on the subsea well against the flow
out of hydrocarbons. This is known as a capping stack landing analysis and uses a
special class of simulation called fluid structure interaction. This is a combination
of CFD and finite element analysis. By combing these different analysis techniques,
Wild Well is able to produce a clear understanding of the scale of the challenges to
be overcome, and that the planned response methods will tackle them effectively.
SIMULATION DRIVEN DEPLOYMENT SOLUTIONS
Experience has shown that when it comes to responding to a shallow-water blow-
out, each incident is unique, but can be approached with similar tactics that are custom
engineered for the specifics encountered. By offering engineered solutions for unconven-
tional well control problems, Wild Well is able to assist its customers in all water depths
with our unique approach to capping blowouts. Its shallow-water capping methodology
is strategic, and incorporates statistical analysis and pre-planning operations as part
of the overall approach to capping blowouts. Wild Well is able to use modeling to miti-
gate risk and predict the presence of flammable gas and surface boils at the well site in
order to protect vessels and personnel from harm, while achieving the goal of getting
over the well center safely with capping and containment equipment. •
WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM | OFFSHORE   SEPTEMBER 2019
8/30/19 1:24 PM
 Environmental Drilling & Completion Fluids Directory
The 2019 Environmental Drilling and Completions Fluids Direc-
tory is a listing of industry fluid manufacturers and their individual
products. The directory is differentiated into 21 sections based
on type of fluid. Forty-six participating companies and distribu-
tors are listed in the directory. Each listing includes new and
updated products provided by each company with a description
of the product and its general characteristics. With regulations
and guidelines for the North Sea operational sectors requiring
substances/preparations used and discharged offshore that are
considered to pose little or no risk (PLONOR) to the environment
listing and Harmonized Offshore Chemical Notification Format
(HOCNF) rating, this information is listed in the directory.

The accompanying survey is modified to accommodate for space.

For complete listings, visit the online survey at www.offshore-mag.com

ENVIRONMENTAL DRILLING & COMPLETION FLUIDS COMPANY LISTING

ADM Evolution Chemicals Deep South Chemical Inc. Kelco Oil Field Group PQ Corp.
4666 Faries Parkway P.O. Box 80657 10920 W. Sam Houston Pkwy. N., Ste. 800 Valleybrooke Corporate Center
Decatur, Illinois 62526 Lafayette, LA 70598-0657 Houston, Texas 77064 300 Lindenwood Drive
(217) 451-8497 (337) 837-9931 (713) 895-7575 Malvern, PA 19355-1740
heidi.wirey@adm.com

AES Drilling Fluids, LLC Drilling Specialties Co. Lamberti SPA Prime Eco Group Inc.
11767 Katy Freeway, Suite 230 10001 Six PInes Drive Via Marsala 38 – Torre D 2933 Hwy 60 South
Houston, TX 77450 The Woodlands, TX 77380 21013 Gallarate (VA) Wharton, Texas 77488
281-556-5628 832-813-4876 Italy (979) 531-1100
(39) 0331-715701 guzmanf@primeecogroup.com
stefano.crespi@lamberti.com
Akzo Nobel Functional Chemicals BV Drillsafe Janel Int.
Lispinweg 6 Polanska 35 PT Indobent Wijaya Mineral
6075 CE Herkenbosch 43-450 Ustron, Poland Lamberti USA Inc. Desa Punung
The Netherlands (48) 33 854 3000 P.O. Box 1000 Pacitan, Propinsi Jawa Timur, Indonesia
+31 475 539292 biuro@drillsafe.com.pl US 59 @ County Road 212 62 81 330886381
Hungerford, Texas 77448
(281) 342-5675
American Gilsonite Co. Eco Fluids, Inc. QMax
16200 Park Row Drive, Suite 250 1914 West Gray, #301 11700 Katy Fwy., Ste 200
Houston, TX 77084 Houston, Texas 77019 Liquid Casing Inc. Houston, TX 77079
713-654-7888 1011 Augusta Dr., Ste. 111 (832) 672-4459
tsmith@ecofluids.net Houston, Texas 77057
(713) 785-0594
Aqua-Clear Inc.
608 Virginia Street, East Quaron N.V.
Charleston, West Virginia 25301 Elgin Separation Solutions Industrieweg 27
(304) 343-4792 10050 Cash Road M&D Industries of Louisiana Inc. 1521NE Wormerveer
Stafford, Texas 77477 P.O. Box 82007 The Netherlands
(281) 261-5778 Lafayette, Louisiana 70598-2007 (31) 75 6474500
(337) 984-0471 jbouleij@quaron.com
ASAP Fluids Pvt. Ltd. rcope@ultrasealinc.com
203-204, Kailash Commercial Complex,
L B S Marg, Vikhroli West, Elkem Materials
Mumbai 400083 Unit 17, Jessops Riverside, Brightside Lane, Setac Corp.
91-22-25789930 Sheffield, S9 2RX Mayco Wellchem Inc. 5905 Johnston Street, Suite E
prakashmanve@asapfluids.com +44 1334 650012 1525 North Post Oak Road Lafayette, Louisiana 70503-5466
chris.steele@elkem.no Houston, Texas 77055 (337) 988-2236
(713) 688-2602 setac@bellsouth.net
BASF Emery Oleochemicals GmbH
3120 Hayes Road, Suite 200, Henkelstrasse 67
Houston, Texas 77082 40589 Duesseldorf, Germany Messina Inc. SUN Specialty Products
(832) 775-7223 (49) 211 5611 2502 8131 LBJ Freeway, Suite 180 503 Main Street
Dallas, Texas 75251 Belle Chasse, Louisiana 70037
(214) 887-9600 (504) 393-2778
BHGE Fluid Energy Group Ltd.
2001 Rankin Road Suite 1500, 140-10th Ave SE
Houston, Texas 77073 Calgary, AB Canada T2G 0R1 M-I SWACO TBC-Brinadd
(713) 625-4200 Steve@fluidenergygroup.com 5950 North Course Drive 4800 San Felipe
Houston, Texas 77072 Houston, Texas 77056
(713) 739-0222 (713) 877-2758
Boysenblue/Celtec International Inc. Global AM-TX, Inc. & Companies
P.O. Box 53648 210 S. Hood St.
Lafayette, Louisiana 70505 Alvin, Texas 77511 Montello Inc. TETRA Technologies Inc.
(337) 233-1121 (281) 331-0200 6106 E. 32nd Place, Suite 100 24955 I-45 North
ssingh@globalam-tx.com Tulsa, Oklahoma 74135-5495 The Woodlands, Texas 77380
(800) 331-4628 (281) 367-1983
Chemstar Products Co.
3232 East 40th Street Grain Processing Corp.
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55406-3203 1600 Oregon Street Newpark Drilling Fluids Turbo-Chem International Inc.
(612) 722-0079 Muscatine, Iowa 52761 21920 Merchants Way P.O. Box 60383
(866) 268-3561 Katy, TX 77449 Lafayette, Louisiana 70596
david_cali@grainprocessing.com (281) 754-8600 (337) 235-3098
dawn@turbochem.com
Chemtotal Pty Ltd.
Plot #35, Khasra# 252/2, Tanawara Industrial
Area, Gumpro Drilling Fluids Pvt Ltd. National Oilwell Varco
Salawas, Jodhpur - 342013. LBS Marg, Vikhroli West 700 Conroe Park North Dr.
Rajasthan, India Mumbai 400 083, India Conroe, Texas 77303
deepak@chemtotal.com 91-22-25793280
anandgupta@gumprodf.com
Oleon N.V.
Croda Inc. Vaartstraat 130
300-A Columbus Circle Impact Fluid Solutions 2520 Oelegem
Edison, New Jersey 08837 2800 Post Oak Blvd. Suite 2000 Belgium
(732) 417-0800 Houston, Texas 77056 (32) 3 4706272
(713) 551-4610 Michel.janssen@oleon.com
jene.rockwood@impact-fluids.com

SEPTEMBER 2019   OFFSHORE | WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM27

1909OFF27-41.indd 27 8/30/19 1:23 PM

 • ENVIRONMENTAL DRILLING AND COMPLETIONS FLUIDS DIRECTORY

PLONOR Listing Available

PLONOR Listing Available

HOCNF Classification

HOCNF Classification
Passed LC50 Test

Passed LC50 Test

Usage (lbs/bbl)

Usage (lbs/bbl)
Synthetic Fluid

Synthetic Fluid
Saturated Salt

Saturated Salt
Concentration

Concentration
Nondispersed

Nondispersed
Fresh Water

Fresh Water
Dispersed

Dispersed
Oil-Based

Oil-Based
Normal

Normal
PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION
BACTERICIDES WELL WASH I Water-base displacement chemical • • • •
BHGE WELL WASH II Water-base displacement chemical • • • •
Broad spectrum biocide for DRILLING SPECIALTIES CO.
MIL-BIO NS North Sea • • • • 0.1-.03% vol Y
DRILLZAN D Economical high viscosity • • • • 0.25-2.0 Y Y
15-25 lb/100 BIOPOLYMER biopolymer
MIL-BIO SEA 98 Broad spectrum biocide • • • • bbl DRISPAC PLUS Dispersable HV polyanionic • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y
X-CIDE SERIES Biocide series • • • • Varies REGULAR cellulose
CHEMTOTAL DRISPAC PLUS Dispersable LV polyanionic
SUPERLO cellulose • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y
CHEMCIDE-I Glutaraldehyde • • • • • 0.2-0.5 Y N Y
DEEP SOUTH CHEMICAL DRISPAC REGULAR High viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y
55 gal/100 POLYMER
BF-30 Thiocarbamate bacteriacide • • • • DRISPAC SUPERLO
bbl Low viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y
55 gal/150 POLYMER
BIO 3 High molecular filming amines • • DRILLPAC HV POLYMER High viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y
bbl
Blended organic sulfur DRILLPAC LV POLYMER Low viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y
CIDE • • • 5 gal/100 bbl FLOWZAN BIOPOLYMER High viscosity biopolymer • • • • 0.25-2.0 Y Y
antimicrobial agent
LIQUID HE 150 POLYMER Brine viscosifier
LAMBERTI SPA in a mineral oil • • • • 2.0-10.0 Y N
CARBOSAN EF Triazine based, general purpose • • • • .01-2 carrier fluid
CARBOSAN 135/TR Triazine based, concentrated • • • • .01-2 HE 150 POLYMER Brine viscosifier dry powder • • • • 1.0-5.0 Y Y
NOV FLUIDCONTROL HE 300 POLYMER High temp. brine viscosifier • • • • 2.0-5.0 E Y Y
AQUCAR GA25 Bacteriacide • • • • 0.05 Y HE 400 POLYMER High temp. brine viscosifier • • • • 2.0-5.0 Y Y
liquid glutaraldehyde based LIQUID DRISPAC High viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.5-5.0 Y N
X-Cide 102 • • • • .005 Y POLYMER
bactericide
Granular chloromethylisothlazolone LIQUID FLOWZAN
X-Cide 207 • • • • 0.0175 Y BIOPOLYMER High viscosity biopolymer • • • • 0.5-4.0 Y N
/ methyl isothiazolone microbiocide
QMAX High viscosity pure hydroxyethyl
LIQUID HEC POLYMER • • • • 0.5-5.0 Y N
cellulosic polymer
QCIDE Glutaraldehyde bactericide • • • • 0.2 - 1
ECO FLUIDS
Alkyl Benzyl Dimethyl Ammonium
QCIDE A • • • • 0.2 - 0.5 ECOFLUID Well wash • • • • • • 1:5 w/ water Y
Chloride Biocide
QCIDE T Triazine based biocide • • • • 0.2 - 0.5 ECO-CORR Corrosion Inhibitor • • • • 1:3 w/water
TETRA TECHNOLOGIES, INC. FLUID ENERGY GROUP LTD.
TETRACide G (Spec- HCR-2000N Modified acid, scale remover                              50-100%         Y          Y
Cide 50) Antimicrobial • • HCR-3000           Modified acid, Chloride free                 50-100%         Y          Y
COMPLETION FLUIDS, CLEAR FLUIDS, BRINES Modified acid, Well stimulation
HCR-6000           90%            Y      Y
BHGE (WS)
8.4-9.5 HCR-7000           Modified acid, WS/Scale 50-100%         Y          Y
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE NH4Cl - ammonium chloride • • Y Y BSD-40N             Sulfate scale dissolver                              100%           Y        Y
lb/gal
Calcium chloride solution to IMPACT FLUID SOLUTIONS
HYCAL I • Varies Y Y
11.6 ppg Shale Control/Clay Inhibitor - Low
STAR HIB PLUS Conductivity • • • • 2% - 5% Y Y
Calcium chloride/bromide sol. to
HYCAL II • Varies Y Y
15.1 ppg Shale Control/Clay Inhibitor -
STAR HIB SF • • • • 2% - 5% Y Y
Calcium bromide solution to Chloride free
HYCAL II SB • Varies Y Y
15.3 ppg LAMBERTI SPA
HYCAL III Calcium chloride/calcium bromide/ • Varies Y ALBISOL AT Effective cleaner/spacer • • • • • • 2-10% Y
zinc-bromide solution to 19.2 ppg ALBISOL CLEAN Solvent/surfactant cleaner  for OBM • • • • • • 3-15% Y
Calcium bromide/zinc bromide ALBISOL DM Effective washer/spacer • • • • • • 2-10%
HYCAL III SB • Varies Y
solution to 19.2 ppg
ALBISOL K100 Cleaner/Spacer for grease residues • • • • • • 2-10%
Sodium chloride solution to
NOCAL I 10.0 ppg • Varies Y Y ALBISOL MCS Effective washer/spacer • • • • • • 2-10%
Sodium chloride/bromide sol. to ALBISOL OE Solvent based pipe cleaner • 2-10%
NOCAL II • Varies Y Y Xanthan derivative polymeric
12.8 ppg BIOLAM XG • • • • 0.25-2 Y Y
Sodium bromide solution to viscosifier
NOCAL II SB • Varies Y Y BIOLAM XG LS Liquid xanthan viscosifier • • • • 0.25-2 Y
12.8 ppg
Sodium bromide solution to Triazine based, general purpose
NOCAL BR FRAC BRINE • Varies Y Y CARBOSAN EF • • • • 0.01-2
12.5 ppg biocide
Potassium chloride solution to Triazine based, concentrated
NOCAL K • Varies Y Y CARBOSAN 135/TR • • • • 0.01-2
9.7 ppg biocide
Potassium formate brines to Phosphate based corrosion
POTASSIUM FORMATE • Varies Y Y INICOR C4 • • • • 1 Gold Y
13.3 ppg inhibitor for completion
SODIUM FORMATE Sodium formate brines to 11.0 ppg • Varies Y Y INICOR W303 Amine based, water soluble • • • • 0.1- 3
DEEP SOUTH CHEMICAL INICOR W481 Water soluble CO for brine • • • • 0.01-0.3
ARDS 4620 Non-ionic surfactants and alcohols • • • Corrosion inhibitor Organo-
INICOR W882 • • • • 0.1- 3 Y Y
ARDS 9125 Non-ionic surfactants and alcohols • • • phosphate
ARDS 9755 Non-ionic surfactants and alcohols • • • Organic, water soluble H2S
LAMOX TR • • • • .1-.2
scavenger
ARDS 9846 Mixture of alcohols • • •
LAMOX NA Oxigen scavengers for sodium and • • • • .1-.2
Non-terpene OBM and SBM potassium brines
BIO SOLV • •
displacement
Environmental friendly lubricant for
BP 101 A mixture of solvents • • LUBRICANT EHB • • • • 0.5- 5 Y
heavy brines
Non-ionic pure hydroxyethyl Environmentally friendly brine
DSC HEC • • 0.5-3 LUBRICANT CBR 600 • • • • 0.5- 5 Y Y
cellulose soluble
GOLD CLEAN Surface cleaner • • M-I SWACO
GOLD FLUSH Tubing cleaner & pipe pickle • • YLW
GOLD FLUSH CM Cement additive & cake removal • BAR-NONE Barium Scale remover • • 1
OBM & SBM displacement Insulating packer fluid for
GOLD FLUSH II • • DOWFROST MI • • System
chemical deepwater
Stimulation additive & cake Non-Ionic Surfactant - Flowback
GOLD FLUSH SA • • FLOW-BAK • • 0.1-1.0vol%
removal Enhancer
OBM & SBM displacement ISOTHERM NT Oil-base insulating packer fluids • • System
GOLD FLUSH SB • •
chemical SAFE-BREAK 611 Non-emulsifier • 0.1-2%
GOLD VIS Polymer viscosifier for Gold Flush • • SAFE-BREAK Prime Brine emulsion preventer • 0.1-1.0%
HYDRO MAG pH buffer fresh & brine waters • • 0.1-0.3 SAFE-BREAK CBF Emulsion preventer for brine • 0.1-1.0%
INSOL Aphaltene inhibitor & dispersent • • As needed SAFETHERM Water based insulating packer fluid • • System
Liquid viscosifiers using NEWPARK DRILLING FLUIDS
LIQUID GUAR E • • 0.04 Y
ummodified guar
ATTRACT Fluid conditioner for coiled tubing • • 0.25-3
DSC HEC Linear Gel Hydroxyethyl cellulose polymer • • 0.5-3
CONNECT Viscosifier for coiled tubing • • 0.5-3.5
DSC HEC Linear Gel E Hydroxyethyl cellulose polymer • • 0.5-3 Y
pH buffer and temperature extender
PH HIGH Elevate pH fresh & brine water • • 0.1 CONVECT • • 1.75-3.5
for coiled tubing
PH LOW Solution to lower pH fresh/brines • • 0.5 gpb DEFLECT Friction reducer for coiled tubing • • .2-2
DSC HEC Linear Gel 0.3-0.4 Metal-on metal lubricant for
Enhances thermal stability of HEC • • DIRECT • • 3-18
EXTENDER 75 gal/bbl coiled tubing
Prevents depositions of alkaline Combination of solvent &
SI 120 • • As needed
earth metal scales TRUE-Clean Plus surfactant blend for WBCU • 5-20% v/v
SLICK 5 Surfactants to disperse floating oil • with SBM
Remove calcium from sodium
SODA ASH • As needed
base brines

28 WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM | OFFSHORE   SEPTEMBER 2019

1909OFF27-41.indd 28 8/30/19 1:23 PM 1909OF

 A High-Pressure, Solids-Free
Completion Fluid Solution for
Environmentally Sensitive Wells
STARTS WITH TETRA CS NEPTUNE®
DIVALENT COMPLETION FLUIDS

Our innovative TETRA CS Neptune high-density divalent

completion fluids are free of priority pollutants. Our
fluids help address the environmental challenges facing
offshore oil producers seeking an alternative to zinc brines.
Costing significantly less than alternative completion fluid
chemistries, they can also be used as the basis for low solids
reservoir drill-in fluids or in other applications where a high
density, environmentally acceptable fluid is required.

Visit tetratec.com/neptune for more information or stop by

our booth #215 at SPE ATCE on September 30 - October 2 to
learn more.

TETRA CS Neptune® Completion Fluids Portfolio

TETRA CS Neptune® Divalent Completion Fluids To 15.4 lb/gal; 350°F (177°C)
®
TETRA CS Neptune High Density Divalent (HDD) Completion Fluids To 15.7 lb/gal; 290°F (143°C)
TETRA CS Neptune® Extra High Density Divalent (XHDD) Completion Fluids >17.0 lb/gal; 350°F (177°C)
®
TETRA CS Neptune High Density Monovalent (HDM) Completion Fluids To 13.1 lb/gal; >350°F (171°C)
TETRA CS Neptune® Extra High Density Monovalent (XHDM) Completion Fluids To 15.3 lb/gal; >350°F (177°C)

08/19 © TETRA Technologies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

1909OFF27-41.indd 29
1909OFF_TetraTech 1 8/30/19 10:06
8/22/19 1:23 PM
AM
 • ENVIRONMENTAL DRILLING AND COMPLETIONS FLUIDS DIRECTORY

PLONOR Listing Available

PLONOR Listing Available

HOCNF Classification

HOCNF Classification
Passed LC50 Test

Passed LC50 Test

Usage (lbs/bbl)

Usage (lbs/bbl)
Synthetic Fluid

Synthetic Fluid
Saturated Salt

Saturated Salt
Concentration

Concentration
Nondispersed

Nondispersed
Fresh Water

Fresh Water
Dispersed

Dispersed
Oil-Based

Oil-Based
Normal

Normal
PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION
Solvent for SBM & pipe dope 5 min PERFORMANCE SP Blend of sodium and potassium • • As needed
TRUE-Solv removal during WBCU • contact formate clear drilling fluid
time Viscosity and Filter cake breaker
QBREAK • • • • 1 - 2.5
TRUE-Clean Surfactant for SBM & pipe dope • 5-20% v/v fluid
removal during WBCU QBREAK O Filter cake breaker for NAF • • 10 - 30%
Surfactant for WBM & pipe dope QCLEAN Solvent • • • • 9 - 30
TRUE-Surf removal during WBCU • • • 2-5% v/v
QMAXBREAK Filter cake breaker fluid for WBM • • • • 25 - 30
4-6 min Acid generator for QMAXBREAK
TRUE-Solv Plus Pipe dope solvent • • • • contact QMAXBREAK A system • • • • As needed
time
Starch enzyme for QMAXBREAK
Liquidifed xanthan gum, non- 0.25-1.0 QMAXBREAK S • • • • As needed
TRUE-Zan L • system
clarified for viscosity control gal/bbl
Xanthan enzyme for QMAXBREAK
Liquid HEC (meets oil & grease 0.25-1.0 QMAXBREAK X • • • • As needed
TRUE-Vis L • system
standards) gal/bbl
QMAXCOAT Filming amine • • • • 0.5 - 5
0.25-1.0
TRUE-Vis HD Liquid HEC for high density brines • Oil soluble imidazoline based film
gal/bbl QMAXCOAT O • • • • 0.5 - 1.5
forming corrosion inhibitor
55 gal/100
TRUE-Cor Organic amine corrosion inhibitor • General purpose phosphorus based
bbl QMAXCOR P • • • • 1-2
corrosion inhibitor
0.1-0.15
TRUE-Scav HD Sulphur-free oxygen scavenger Surfactant used for displacing
lb/bbl QMAXSURF W • • • • 0.5 - 3
WBM
Zinc-free, brine soluble H2S
TRUE-Scav HS 1 gal/100 bbl QNCa Calcium Nitrate-based drilling fluid • • • As needed
scavenger
Oxygen scavenger for sodium and QSCAV H2S Organic H2S scavenger • • • • 1-3
TRUE-Scav L potassium brines 1 gal/100 bbl QSCAV O2 Oxygen scavenger • • • • 0.5 - 1
Emulsion preventer for calcium- QSEAL L Liquid Synthetic Polymer - LCM - • • • • 2-5
TRUE-Halt 0.1-1.0% v/v Designed for brines
based brines
Emulsion preventer for zinc-based QSTAR ENV Biopolymer • • • • 2-6 Y
TRUE-Halt Z 0.1-1.0% v/v
brines QSTAR HT Biopolymer - HT applications • • • • 2-6 Y
TRUE-Defoam Defoamer for brine systems as needed QXAN L Liquid Xanthan gum • • • • 0.5 - 2 Y
TRUE-Clear Iron and color remover as needed QXAN XCD Clarified dispersible xanthan gum • • • • 0.25 - 1.5 Y
TRUE-Carb Ground marble bridging additive, as required SOLMAX Mutual solvent • • • • 2 - 10%
range of particle size WELLKLEEN Surfactant to displace NAF • • • 3 - 10%
NOV FLUIDCONTROL TETRA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
SCRUB-IT Displacement chemical (solvent) • • As needed ACETIC ACID Mild organic acid • •
21 Controlled sloubility MgO -
Water dispersible corrosion BUFF-10 • •
COR-CHEK AFW • • gal/100bbl to buffer pH
inhibitor filming amine 45gal/100bbl
Organic carboxylic acid - to buffer
55 gal per BUFF-6 • •
COR-CHEK H2S Hydrogen sulfide scavenger • • • • pH to moderate acid
1000 bbl
CALCIUM BROMIDE Calcium bromide (11.7 - 15.1
Oil dispersible modified amine 55 gal/100 •
COR-CHEK XL • • • • - LIQUID lb/gal)
corrosion inhibitor bbl
CALCIUM CHLORIDE
0.1 to 0.5 Calcium chloride (8.4 - 11.6 lb/gal) •
COR-CHEK O2 Oxygen scavenger • • • • - LIQUID
lbs/bbl
CAUSTIC SODA Base • •
1% to 3% by
ENVIRO-SLIK Pipe-on-pipe lubricant for brines • • • • CITIC ACID Complex organic acid • •
volume
FOAM-OUT S Premium silicone based defoamer • • • • 0.25 to 1 % POTASSIUM FORMATE - Potassium formate (8.4 - 13.1 •
LIQUID (HCOOK) lb/gal)
FOAM-OUT B Defoamer for brines • • • • 0.25 to 1 %
SODIUM FORMATE -
HEC-LINK 11 HEC gel fluid loss control additive • • As needed LIQUID (HCOONa) Sodium formate (8.4 - 11.1 lb/gal) •
HEC-LINK 14 HEC gel fluid loss control additive • • As needed HYDROCHLORIC ACID Strong mineral acid • •
HEC-VIS L Liquic HEC viscosifier • • 0.25-4 POTASSIUM CHLORIDE - Potassium chloride (8.4 - 9.7
Concentrated, reduced toxicity clay •
INHIBI-TEMP CT • • • • 2 to 4 gpt LIQUID (KCl) lb/gal)
stabilizer, KCl substitute LIME Base • •
Temporary clay stabilizer, KCl MAGNESIUM OXIDE Base • •
INHIBI-TEMP T • • • • 1 to 4 gpt
substitute
SODIUM CHLORIDE - Sodium Chloride (8.4 - 10.0 lb/gal)
Biodegradable, organic clay •
INHIBI-TEMP C • • • • 2 to 10 gpt LIQUID (NACl)
stabilizer
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
Magnesium Oxide pH buffer for freshwater and brines • • 0.2 Ammonium chloride, 99% •
(NH4CL)
Ground and sized calcium CAUSTIC POTASH
NOV CARB • • • • • • As needed
carbonate (POTASSIUM Base • •
NOV XAN D Dispersable xanthan powder • • • • 0.25-4 HYDROXIDE)
NOV XAN L Xanthan dispersion • • • • 0.25-4 SODA ASH (SODIUM High purity anhydrous sodium • •
NOV XAN C Clarified xanthan gum • • • • 0.25-4 CARBONATE) carbonate
PERMA-HIB Permanent clay stabilizer • • • 0.05 to 1% SODIUM BROMIDE Sodium bromide (8.4 - 12.7 lb/gal) •
Surface tension reducing 0.01% to CALCIUM/ZINC BROMIDE Two-salt, calcium/zinc bromide
PERM-CON • • •
completion brine surfactant 0.1% SOLUTION solution (14.5 - 20.5 lb/gal)
Organic oxygen scavenger for 15 CALCIUM/ZINC Three-salt, calcium/zinc chloride/
PRO-GUARD Ca2+ • • • • CHLORIDE/BROMIDE bromide solution (14.5 - 19.2 •
divalent brines lbs/100bbl
PRO-GUARD O2 Oxygen scavenger, powder • • 5 gal/100bbl SOLUTION lb/gal)
0.5 to 2 Monovalent high-density, solids-
TETRA CS NEPTUNE -
Fiction reducer for brines and gallons free, zinc-free, and formate •
STRES-FREE • • MONOVALENT
freshwater per 1000 free fluid
gallons TETRA CS NEPTUNE - Divalent high-density, solids-free,
DIVALENT zinc-free, and formate free fluid •
Well wash for seawater and high 55 gal/100
TRU-FLUSH • • • • Primary component of the TETRA
density brines containing divalents. bbl TETRA PROTEUS •
55 gal/100 CS Neptune System
TRU-FLUSH A Well wash without breaker • • TURBO-CHEM INTERNATIONAL
bbl
55 gal/100 EZ SQUEEZE High solids, high fluid loss squeeze • • • • • • 32-100 ppb Y
TRU-FLUSH ECO Well wash in turpene carrier • • bbl PREMIUM SEAL Cellulose fiber (fine and coarse) • • • • • • 4-6 Y
OLEON N.V. SWELLCM Gelled, swelling, sealing agent • • • • • • 10 ppb Y
Stimulation additive & mud cake Crystals used to adjust pH of water
RADIAGREEN CLO • • As needed SWELLCM ACTIVATOR • • • • 2 ppb Y
breaker when mixing SwelLCM
RADIAGREEN CLW Cased hole cleaner • • • • • As needed CORROSION INHIBITORS
RADIAGREEN EME SALT Lubricant for heavy brines • • • 0.5-3% Y N Y BHGE
RADIAGREEN RA Reservoir enhancer • • • • 0.5-1% Y N AMI-TEC Filming-type corrosion inhibitor Varies
POLYGLYCEROL Shale inhibitor • • • • Y Corrosion inhibitor for low-to-no 55 gal/100
QMAX BRINE-PAC 1500 • •
solids brines bbl
HEC Hydroxyethil cellulose • • • 0.5 - 1.5 Corrosion ihibitor for brine-based 10-15
BRINE-PAC 250 • •
HEC L Liquid Hydroxyethil cellulose • • • 1.5 - 3.0 packer fluids gal/100 bbl
MAXBREAK S Enzyme type breaker • • • • As needed All-in-one corrosion inhibitor, 28-35
BRINE-PAC 3N1 • •
Aqueous blend of surface-active oxygen scavenger, biocide gal/100 bbl
MAXKLEEN • • • 0.1 - 0.2 Corrosion Inhibitor for solids- 12 gal/100
agents BRINE-PAC XTS • • Y
Filtrate reducer for DRILSMOOTH free fluids bbl
MMO FLR • • 2-6 MIL-GARD Corrosion Inhibitor • • • • • 1-3 ppb Y
system
Potassium formate-based clear 5.5 gal/100
PERFORMANCE P • • As needed MIL-GARD L Zinc chelated sulfide scavenger • • • • • •
drilling fluid bbl
Sodium formate-based clear Hydrogen sulphide scavenger
PERFORMANCE S • • As needed MIL-GARD XPR • • • • • • Varies Y
drilling fluid suitable for North Sea operations

30 WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM | OFFSHORE   SEPTEMBER 2019

1909OFF27-41.indd 30 8/30/19 1:23 PM

 ENVIRONMENTAL DRILLING AND COMPLETIONS FLUIDS DIRECTORY •

PLONOR Listing Available

PLONOR Listing Available

HOCNF Classification

HOCNF Classification
Passed LC50 Test

Passed LC50 Test

Usage (lbs/bbl)

Usage (lbs/bbl)
Synthetic Fluid

Synthetic Fluid
Saturated Salt

Saturated Salt
Concentration

Concentration
Nondispersed

Nondispersed
Fresh Water

Fresh Water
Dispersed

Dispersed
Oil-Based

Oil-Based
Normal

Normal
PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION
Liquid hydrogen sulphide TETRACide G (Spec-
MIL-GARD FE scavenger based on soluble iron • • • • 0.05 gal/bbl Cide 50) Antimicrobial • •
chemistry CORSAF 16D Corrosion Inhibitor • •
NOXYGEN L Liquid oxygen scavenger • • • • 75 to 125 Y Y Y CORSAF CR-I Corrosion Inhibitor • •
ppm
CORSAF CR-N Corrosion Inhibitor • •
NOXYGEN NA Sodium bisulfite oxygen scavenger • • 250 ppm Y Y
OXBAN Oxygen scavenger • •
NOXYGEN XT Organic oxygen scavenger • • As needed Y
OXBAN HB Liquid oxygen scavenger for mid to • •
OHR AC Acid corrosion control for the 0.75-1% vol heavy fluids
MICROWASH System
Solid oxygen scavenger for mid to
Acid corrosion control for OXBAN HBS • •
heavy fluids
OHR GACI MICRO-WASH applications in 0.5-2% vol Y
environmentally sensitive areas PAYZONE SI-139 Phosphonate scale inhibitor • •
FLUID ENERGY GROUP LTD. Corrosion Inhibitor, wellhead
TETRA CAPHIB • •
preservation treatment
CI-6 North Sea acid corrosion inhibitor    0.5-4%          Y          Y
Corrosion inhibitor, pH modifier,
CI-6e                    North Sea acid corrosion inhibitor    0.5-4%          Y          Y TETRACO2X • •
CO2 scavenger
CI-6ec North Sea acid corrosion inhibitor    0.5-4%          Y          Y TETRA H2S SCAVENGER
CI-6LV                  North Sea acid corrosion inhibitor    0.5-4%          Y          y H2S Scavenger • • • •
T
CI-1A                   Acid corrosion inhibitor aid                 0.5-4%          Y         Y Y TETRA H2S SCAVENGER H2S Scavenger, CEFAS approved • • • •
LAMBERTI SPA T GOLD
10-1,000 TETRA H2S SCAVENGER
ANTISCALE AC/1 Phosphonate-based scale inhibitor • • • • Zinc-free H2S Scavenger • • • •
ppm ZF
10-1,000 TETRAHIB Water-soluble, inorganic film • •
ANTISCALE AC/137 Mixed scale inhibitor • • • • former
ppm
Phosphate based corrosion Water-soluble, inorganic film
INICOR C4 • • • • 1 Gold Y TETRAHIB PLUS • •
inhibitor for completion former
INICOR W142 Water soluble corrosion inhibitor • • • • 0.1- 3 TETRA TRIHIB Multi-functional corrosion inhibitor • •
INICOR W303 Amine based, water soluble • • • • 0.1- 3 DEFOAMERS
INICOR O27 Oil soluble • • 0.1- 3 BHGE
Environmentally friendly, water Non-hydrocarbon-based defoamer
INICOR W481 • • • • 0.1- 3 Y LD-8 • • • • As needed Y
soluble for water-based fluids
Corrosion inhibitor Organo- North Sea compliant defoamer for
INICOR W882 • • • • 0.1- 3 Y Y LD-8e • • • • As needed Y
phosphate water-based fluids
Organic, water soluble H2S Defoamer for both fresh &
LAMOX TR • • • • 0.1-0.2 LD-9 • • • • As needed
scavenger saltwater drilling fluids
Oxigen scavengers for sodium and Silicone based defoamer for fresh
LAMOX NA • • • • 0.1-.2 LD-10 • • • • As needed
potassium brines & saltwater drilling fluids
M-I SWACO Alcohol-based compound for
W.O. DEFOAM defoaming water-based fluids • • • • 0.1 gal/bbl Y
CONQOR 303A Brine-soluble filming amine • 1-4
CONQOR 404 Organic inhibitor for all WBM • • • • 0.2-0.5 Y DRILLING SPECIALTIES CO.
SULFATREAT DFS H2S scavenger • • • • • • 20.0 DSCO-DEFOAM Synthetic defoamer • • • • 0.1-0.2 Y Y
OS-1L Sulfite-base oxygen scavenger • • • • 0.1-0.5 LAMBERTI SPA
SAFE-COR Amine-base corrosion inhibitor • 0.5-1.0% General purpose silicone based
DEFOMEX • • • • 0.05-0.5
defoamer
Modified corrosion inhibitor,
SAFE-COR C • 0.25-0.5% Highly concentrate general purpose
amine-base for casing DEFOMEX DR5 • • • • 0.05-0.5
defoamer
SAFE-COR EN Amine-base corrosion inhibitor • 0.05-1.0% YLW
Environmentally friendly for
Inorganic thiocyanate-base DEFOMEX G9 • • • • 0.05-0.5 Y
North Sea
SAFE-COR HT corrosion inhibitor for high- • • 0.04% YLW
temperature use DEFOMEX 42 Long chain hydroxy compound • • • • 0.05-0.5
Organic oxygen scavenger for YLW DEFOMEX 200 Non ionic defoamer • • • • 0.05-0.5
SAFE-SCAV CA • 0.15 DEFOMEX 610/L High M.W. alcohol based • • • • 0.05-0.5
Ca-base brines 1
SAFE-SCAV HS Organic H2S scavenger • 0.1 DEFOMEX 630 Surfactant based, highly effective • • • • 0.05-0.5
Organic H2S scavenger w/ M-I SWACO
SAFE-SCAV HSW methanol • 0.1 Y
DEFOAM-A Alcohol-base defoamer • • • • 0.1-0.5
Liquid bisulfate-base oxygen YLW DEFOAM-X Liquid low toxicity defoamer • • • • 0.1-0.5
SAFE-SCAV NA scavenger for Na and K brines • 0.1 1 Y
DEFOAM NS All-purpose defoamer • • • •
SAFE-SCAVITE II Calcium scale preventer • 0.15-3 Defoamer for high densty brine/
NEWPARK DRILLING FLUIDS DEFOAM EXTRA • <0.05%
RDF
55 gal/100 DEFOAM EXTREME High performance defoamer • <0.05%
TRUE-Cor Organic amine corrosion inhibitor bbl NULLFOAM Defoamer • 0.3 gal/bbl YLW
pH buffer and temperature extender NEWPARK DRILLING FLUIDS
CONVECT • • 1.75-3.5
for coiled tubing
NOFOAM A PLUS Alcohol-based • • • •
NEWARMOR Film-forming amine • • • • 0.4-1.3
NOFAOM S PLUS Silicone-based • • • •
NEWSTABIL Fluid stabilizer • • • • 1.75-3.5 Y
NOFOAM X Multifuntional • • • • Y
PREVENTION Divalent corrosion inhibitor • 1.1-3.8
NOV FLUIDCONTROL
PROTECTION Atmospheric corrosion inhibitor •
Inorganic salt based drilling fluid
REACTION Calcium scale inhibitor • 0.08-0.2 ALUMINUM STEARATE • • • • 0.05
defoamer
REDUCTION Oxygen scavenger • 0.2-4 FOAM-OUT A Alcohol base mud defoamer • • • • 0.25 to 1%
NOV FLUIDCONTROL FOAM-OUT B Defoamer for brines • • • • 0.25 to 1%
21 FOAM-OUT S Silicone based mud defoamer • • • • 0.25 to 1%
COR-CHEK AFW Water dispersible filming amine • • • • gal/100bbl to Y
45gal/100bbl FOAM-OUT G Glycol based mud defoamer • • • • 0.25 to 1%
Dual action oxygen scavenger and 1 to 10 QMAX
COR-CHEK II • • • • QDEFOAM Organo-silicon based defoamer • • • • 0.05 - 0.2
filming amine lbs/bbl
triple action oxygen scavenger, 1 to 10 QDEFOAM A Alcohol-based defoamer • • • • 0.1 - 0.2
COR-CHEK III • • • •
filming amine, biocide lbs/bbl QDEFOAM G Glycol-based defoamer • • • • 0.1 - 0.3
55 gal per QDEFOAM S Silicon-based defoamer • • • • 0.05 - 0.2
COR-CHEK H2S Hydrogen sulfide scavenger • • • • 1000 bbl TETRA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
4 gal/100bbl DEFOAM HB Defoamer • •
Premium organo-phosphorus
COR-CHEK OP • • • • to 10
corrosion inhibitor TURBO-CHEM INTERNATIONAL
gal/100bbl
Ammonium bisulfite oxygen 0.1 to 0.5 TURBO-DEFOAM Defoamer • • • • Y
COR-CHEK O2 • • • • Y DRILL-IN FLUIDS
scavenger/corrosion inhibitor lbs/bbl
Organic oxygen scavenger for 15 BHGE
PRO-GUARD Ca2+ • • • •
divalent brines lbs/100bbl MICRO-WASH Open hole reservoir restoration • • Varies
PRO-GUARD O2 Oxygen scavenger, powder • • 5 gal/100bbl MPA-50 Micro-prime activator, 50% Varies
QMAX pH control and buffer for
QMAXCOAT Filming amine • • • • 4-6 MUDZYME FB MUDZYME systems without 0.4 gal/bbl
Oil soluble imidazoline based film organic acid
QMAXCOAT O Enzymes to degrade starch in
forming corrosion inhibitor MUDZYME S 0.4 gal/bbl
General purpose phosphorus based filter cakes
QMAXCOR P • • • • 1-2 pH control and buffer for
corrosion inhibitor 0.8-1.7
QSCAV H2S H2S scavenger • • • • 1-3 MUDZYME SA MUDZYME systems with organic Y Y
gal/bbl
acid
QSCAV O2 Oxygen scavenger • • • • 0.5 - 1
Enzymes to degrade xanthan gum
TETRA TECHNOLOGIES, INC. MUDZYME X 2 gal/bbl
in filter cakes

SEPTEMBER 2019   OFFSHORE | WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM31

1909OFF27-41.indd 31 8/30/19 1:23 PM

 • ENVIRONMENTAL DRILLING AND COMPLETIONS FLUIDS DIRECTORY

PLONOR Listing Available

PLONOR Listing Available

HOCNF Classification

HOCNF Classification
Passed LC50 Test

Passed LC50 Test

Usage (lbs/bbl)

Usage (lbs/bbl)
Synthetic Fluid

Synthetic Fluid
Saturated Salt

Saturated Salt
Concentration

Concentration
Nondispersed

Nondispersed
Fresh Water

Fresh Water
Dispersed

Dispersed
Oil-Based

Oil-Based
Normal

Normal
PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION
OMNIFLOW DIF Invert Emulsion Reservoir • Varies FAZE-MUL CW Emulsifier for FAZEPRO System in • • 8-12 RED
Drill-in fluid cold weather
PERFFLOW CM Water-based Drill-in fluid with • • Varies FAZEPRO Reversible invert emulsion fluid • • System
customized bridging system
PERFFLOW DIF Single-sack Drill-in fluid • • Varies FAZE-WET Wetting agent for FAZEPRO System • • 2-4
PERFFLOW LD Low density Drill-In fluid • • Varies Fluid loss additive for DRILPLEX
FLO-PLEX • • 2-6 RED
PERFFLOW FM Formate-based Drill-in fluid • • Varies System
DRILLING SPECIALTIES CO. FLOPRO NT Minimal solids, non-damaging WB • • System
DRILLZAN D Economical high viscosity RDF system
• • • • 0.25-2.0 Y Y Solids-free non-damaging WB
BIOPOLYMER biopolymer FLOPRO SF • • System
DRISPAC PLUS Dispersable HV polyanionic RDF system
• • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y Minimal solids, non-damaging WB
REGULAR cellulose FLO-THRU • • System
DRISPAC PLUS Dispersable LV polyanionic RDF system
• • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y Solids-free non-damaging WB
SUPERLO cellulose FLO-THRU SF • • System
DRISPAC REGULAR RDF system
High viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y FLO-TROL Modified starch derivative • • • • 2-4 GRN Y Y
POLYMER
DRISPAC SUPERLO Non-dispersible, clarified Xanthan .25-.5 gal/
Low viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y FLO-VIS L • Y
POLYMER gum bbl
DRILLPAC HV POLYMER High viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y Premium clarified Xanthan for
FLO-VIS PLUS FLOPRO NT systems • • • • 0.5-2.5 Y
DRILLPAC LV POLYMER Low viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y
FLOWZAN BIOPOLYMER High viscosity biopolymer • • • • 0.25-2.0 Y Y Sized salt weighting agent for
FLO-WATE • 40-60 RED
FLOPRO system
LIQUID HE 150 POLYMER Brine viscosifier in a mineral oil • • • • 2.0-10.0 Y N Non-chloride potassium
carrier fluid
K-52 supplement for FLOPRO NT • • • • 1-5
HE 150 POLYMER Brine viscosifier dry powder • • • • 1.0-5.0 Y Y systems
HE 300 POLYMER High temp. brine viscosifier • • • • 2.0-5.0 E Y Y Hydration suppressant for FLOPRO
HE 400 POLYMER High temp. brine viscosifier • • • • 2.0-5.0 Y Y KLA-CURE NT systems • • • 4-8 Y
LIQUID DRISPAC Shale inhibitor and hydration
High viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.5-4.0 Y N
POLYMER KLA-GARD suppressant for FLOPRO NT • • • 4-8 Y
LIQUID FLOWZAN systems
High viscosity biopolymer • • • • 0.5-4.0 Y N
BIOPOLYMER KLA-STOP Liquid polyamine shale inhibitor • • • 1-4 vol% Y
High viscosity pure hydroxyethyl Low-toxicity lubricant for FLOPRO
LIQUID HEC POLYMER • • • • 0.5-5.0 Y N LUBE-167 • • • • 4-16 Y
cellulosic polymer NT system
LAMBERTI SPA POWERVIS Biopolymer viscosifier • • 0.875-1.25 Y
Premium grade, low viscosity, POWERVIS L Liquid biopolymer viscosifier • •
LAMPAC CHL • • • • .2-2 Y Y
purified PAC Internal breaker used in polymer-
High viscosity, premium grade, SAFE-BREAK MP • • • 0.5-4.0
LAMPAC CHR • • • • .2-2 Y Y base fluids
purified PAC Ground marble weighting/bridging
LAMPAC EXLO Extremely low viscosity PAC • • • • .2-3 Y Y SAFE-CARB • • • • • • 10-50 GRN Y Y
agent
Low viscosity purified PAC, VERSA-OUT Breaker system for VERSAPRO • • System
LAMPAC LOVIS • • • • .2-2 Y Y
according to API/ISO Invert-emulsion breaker system for
High viscosity, purified PAC, VERSA-WAY • • System
LAMPAC REGULAR • • • • .2-2 Y Y VERSAPRO
according to API/ISO VERSAPRO Oil-base RDF system • System
Environmental friendly lubricant for VERSAPRO LS Low-solids oil-base RDF system System
LUBRICANT EHB • • • • 1-3%
heavy brines
Enzyme breaker with biocide for
Environmentally friendly brine WELLZYME A • • 2-5%
LUBRICANT CBR 600 • • • • 1-3% Y Y water-base RDF fluids
soluble lubricant
Enzyme breaker without biocide for
Top range lubricant for salty WELLZYME III • • 2-10% YLW
FRONLUBE 100 • • • • • • 1-3% water-base RDF fluids
environment
NEWPARK DRILLING FLUIDS
FRONLUBE 200 Top range, ester based lubricant • • • • • • 1-3%
Ground marble bridging additive,
Cost effective, hydration TRUE-CARB range of particle size • • • • 1-10 Y
HYBSTAR HS suppressant • • • • 1-3% Y Y
HIPERM Amine shale inhibitor • • • 0.3-0.6 vol%
Polyglycol shale inhibitor (low
PAG 102 • • • • 0.03 Y OLEON N.V.
cloud point)
Polyglycol shale inhibitor (Medium General-purpose lubricant & ROP
PAG 211 • • • • 0.03 Y RADIAGREEN EBO enhancer • • • • • • 4-6% Y N Y
Cloud Point)
CARBOSAN EF Triazine based, general purpose • • • • .01-2 RADIAGREEN EME-SALT Lubricant for heavy brines • • • 0.5-3% Y N Y
M-I SWACO RADIAGREEN RA Reservoir enhancer • • • • 0.5-1% Y N
BREAKDOWN Chelant-based clean-up system System RADIAGREEN SL Lubricant for pH system >10 • • • 2-5% Y N Y
Neutral to slightly basic chelant PQ CORP.
BREAKDOWN 7 System ECODRILL Silicate drilling fluid • •
clean-up system
Enzyme and advanced chelant QMAX
BREAKDOWN EXTRA • • System
filtercake breaker Highly thixotropic drilling fluid
DRILSMOOTH • • As needed
High density chelant based system
BREAKDOWN HD System
clean-up system MAX DIRECT Direct Emulsion - Low density fluid • • • As needed
BREAKFREE Enzyme-based clean-up system System MICRONAIRE Micro-bubble system • • • • As needed
D-SOLVER Chelant • • • To 75 vol% QCLEAR Clear brine drill-in fluid • • As needed
D-SOLVER 7 Neutral to slightly basic chelant • • • To 80vol% YLW QDRILL Potassium-based drill-in fluid • • As needed Y
D-SOLVER EXTRA Chelant • • • 10-30%wt QDRILL IN Water-based Drill-In fluid • • • As needed Y
D-SOLVER HD High density Chelant • • • 20-35% YLW QFLOW Antiphase Trap Additive • • • • 6 - 20
D-STROYER Internal oxidizer breaker product • • 0.5-2.0 RED QMAXDRILL Amine based clay inhibitor • • • • 0.5 - 3 Y
Organic acid precursor used in QSTAR ENV Biopolymer • • • • 2-6 Y
FAZ-AWAY or FAZE-OUT breaker QSTAR HT Biopolymer - HT applications • • • • 2-6 Y
D-STRUCTOR • • >30vol% GRN Y
systems to remove FAZEPRO QXAN L Liquid xanthan gum • • • • 1-3 Y
filter cake
QXAN XCD Clarified dispersible xanthan gum • • • • 0.25 - 1.5 Y
DI-BALANCE Viscosifier for the DIPRO system • 0.25-2 GRN Y
SOLUMAX Resin based system • • • • As needed
Rheology Modifier for DI-PRO
DI-LOK • 0.5 - 10 TETRA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
LD system
Low-end rheology maintainer for PAYZONE CLEANUP
DI-PLEX • 0.15 - 0.3 DIF/GP clean-up • •
DIPRO LD systems TRMT
High-density, low-solids, divalent PAYZONE CMT-X MgCl2 cement contaminant control • •
DIPRO • System PAYZONE DF SLICK PILL Solids free fluid • •
brine RDF system
DIPRO LD Low-density, DIPRO system • System PAYZONE DF-CC DF using CaCO3 bridging mtl. • • Y
Filtration control agent for the PAYZONE DF-LT Low toxicity fluid • • Y
DI-TROL • 8.0 GRN Y
DIPRO system PAYZONE DF-SS DF using NaCl bridging mtl. • Y
DRILPLEX Diverse Mixed Metal Oxide system • • System PAYZONE GRAVEL PACK DIF/GP simultaneous clean-up • •
DRILPLEX MMO viscosifier • • 1-3 TRMT
DUAL-FLO FCA for the FLOPRO NT system • • • 4-6 Y EMULSIFIERS
FCA for high-temperature BHGE
DUAL-FLO HT • • • 2-7 GRN Y
applications High-temperature emulsifier and
Invert-emulsion breaker system for CARBO-MUL HT • 0.5-2 gal/bbl Y
FAZE-AWAY • • System wetting agent
FAZEPRO system Low-temperature emulsifier and
Delayed clean-up system for CARBO-MUL LT • 0.2-3 gal/bbl
FAZEBREAK System wetting agent
FAZEPRO system High-temperature anionic 0.6-1.7
Delayed breaker system for CARBO-TEC • Y
FAZE-OUT • System emulsifier gal/bbl
FAZEPRO system Up to 0.6
FAZE-MUL Emulsifier for FAZEPRO System • • 8-12 CARBO-TEC LT Low Temp. supplemental emulsifier • gal/bbl

32 WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM | OFFSHORE   SEPTEMBER 2019

1909OFF27-41.indd 32 8/30/19 1:23 PM

 ENVIRONMENTAL DRILLING AND COMPLETIONS FLUIDS DIRECTORY •

PLONOR Listing Available

PLONOR Listing Available

HOCNF Classification

HOCNF Classification
Passed LC50 Test

Passed LC50 Test

Usage (lbs/bbl)

Usage (lbs/bbl)
Synthetic Fluid

Synthetic Fluid
Saturated Salt

Saturated Salt
Concentration

Concentration
Nondispersed

Nondispersed
Fresh Water

Fresh Water
Dispersed

Dispersed
Oil-Based

Oil-Based
Normal

Normal
PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION
High performance, CEFAS 0.12-1.5 EMULAM SE/S Secondary emulsifier for SBM • 1-10
DELTA-MUL substitution-free emulsifier and • • gal/bbl Y EMULAM PS ONE All in one emulsifier • 1-10
wetting agent for the North Sea EMULAM WA Wetting agent for OBM • • 1.0-10
High-performance emulsifier for M-I SWACO
DELTA-MUL ST DELTA-TEQ low-pressure impact • • 1 gal/bbl
drilling fluid ACTIMUL RD Dry emulsifier and wetting agent • • 6-10
in diesel
High-temperature, CEFAS
DELTA-MUL XS substitution-free emulsifier and • • 0.5-1.5 Y Basic emulsifier and wetting agent
gal/bbl MEGAMUL in MEGADRIL system • 4-12
wetting agent for the North Sea
Secondary emulsifier for Primary emulsifier for MEGADRIVE
MEGADRIVE P • 6-8
DELTA-VERT ST DELTA-TEQ low-pressure impact • • 1-2 ppb system
drilling fluid Secondary emulsifier for
MEGADRIVE S • 2-4
Emulsifier for invert-emulsion 0.5-1.5 MEGADRIVE system
ECCO-MUL E • MUL XT High-temperature emulsifier • • 8 - 12 YLW
systems gal/bbl
REACH compliant emulsifier for 0.5-0.75 NOVAWET Wetting agent for synthetic muds • 1-5
ECCO-MUL R invert-emulsion systems • gal/bbl Y
Primary emulsifier for NOVATEC
NOVATEC P system • • 2-6
Primary emulsifier for invert
EPI-MUL 4068 • 6-12 ppb
emulsion systems Secondary emulsifier for NOVATEC
NOVATEC S • • 2-6
Primary emulsifier for invert system
EPI-MUL 4080 • 2-8 ppb
emulsion systems emulsion stability, wetting agent, YLW
High-performance emulsifier for 1.1-1.6 ONE-MUL filtration control, and temperature • 8-10
EPI-MUL 4091 • • Y 2
invert emulsion systems in the UK gal/bbl stabilizer.
High-performance emulsifier for OILFAZE Sacked oil-base concentrate • 50
1.3-1.6
EPI-MUL 4092 invert emulsion systems in the • • Y PRIMO-MUL High Internal phase ratio emulsifier • • 2-9 YLW
gal/bbl
North Sea RheMul Flat rheology system emulsifier • • 8 - 12.5
Secondary emulsifier for invert RheCon Flat rheology system conditioner • • 2-4
EPI-TEC 4055 emulsion systems • 6-12 ppb
Primary emulsifier for SBM
Emulsifier for MAGMA-TEQ SUREMUL • 6-10.2
MAGMA-VERT • • 0.5-2 gal/bbl Y systems
extreme HPHT emulsion system
Organic surfactant emulsifier for oil
High-temperature, CEFAS VERSACOAT HF • 1-8
muds in HT
MAGMA-VERT NS substitution-free supplemental • • 0.5-2.5 Y
emulsifier and wetting agent for gal/bbl Primary emulsifier & wetting agent,
the North Sea liquid blend of emulsifiers, wetting
VERSAMUL • 4-10
agents, gelling agents and fluid
Primary emulsifier for the NEXT- 0.4-0.75 stabilizers
NEXT-MUL • •
DRILL system gal/bbl
Primary emulsifier, secondary
High Temperature, primary VERSAPRO P/S wetting agent in VERSAPRO • 6-10 RED
0.4-0.75
NEXT-MUL HT emulsifier for invert emulsion • • system
gal/bbl
system
YLW
High temp. emulsifier and wetting 0.5-1.5 VERSAWET Wetting agent for OBM • 1-4
OMNI-MUL • • Y Y 2
agent for synthetic muds gal/bbl
NEWPARK DRILLING FLUIDS
OMNI-MUL 2 Emulsifer for synthetic drilling • • 0.5-1 gal/bbl
fluids CYBERCOAT Surfactant & supplimental emulifier • • 0.5-2 Y
High-temperature emulsifier CYBERMUL Low toxicity emulsifier • • 4-6 Y
0.5-1.5 CYBERPLUS Low toxicity emulsifier • • 8-12 Y
OMNI-MUL XT and wetting agent for synthetic • • gal/bbl
drilling fluids KRONOCOAT Wetting Agent • • 0.5-2
Anioic emulsifier for synthetic 0.6-1.7 KRONOMUL HP High-performance emulsifier • • 8-12
OMNI-TEC • •
drilling fluids gal/bbl KRONOTHIN High-performance thinner • • <3
ECO FLUIDS NEWMUL HP High-performance emulsifier • • 8-12
ECOMUL Primary emusilsifier • • 3 - 10 OPTIMUL HP High-performance emulsifier • 8-12
ECOWET Secondary emulsifier • • 0.5 - 4 OPTIMUL II Organic emulsifier • 2-8
ECOHUM Oil mud wetting agent • • OPTIPLUS II Organic emulsifier • 2-8
LAMBERTI SPA OPTITHIN Organic thinner • 0.25-1
ALBISOL OW Emulsifier for direct emulsion • • 2-10% OPTIVERT Primary emulsifier • 2-8
EMULAM HT Emulsifier for HT conditions • • 5-12 Blend of emulsifying & wetting
EMULAM PE Primary emulsifier for OBM • 1-10 OPTIWET agents • 0.25-8
EMULAM PE/S Primary emulsifier for SBM • 1-10 TEROMUL High-performance emulsifier • 8-12
EMULAM SE Secondary emulsifier for OBM • 1-10 TEROCOAT Wetting Agent • 0.25-2

SEPTEMBER 2019  1OFFSHORE | WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM33

1907OFF_Boysen 6/24/19 11:22 AM

1909OFF27-41.indd 33 8/30/19 1:23 PM

 • ENVIRONMENTAL DRILLING AND COMPLETIONS FLUIDS DIRECTORY

PLONOR Listing Available

PLONOR Listing Available

HOCNF Classification

HOCNF Classification
Passed LC50 Test

Passed LC50 Test

Usage (lbs/bbl)

Usage (lbs/bbl)
Synthetic Fluid

Synthetic Fluid
Saturated Salt

Saturated Salt
Concentration

Concentration
Nondispersed

Nondispersed
Fresh Water

Fresh Water
Dispersed

Dispersed
Oil-Based

Oil-Based
Normal

Normal
PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION
VP-MUL Primary emulsifier • 4-6 Polymeric fluid loss additive for
VP-PLUS Secondary emulsifer • 6-9 MAGMA-TROL MAGMA-TEQ extreme HPHT • • 0.5-7 ppb Y Y
VP-WET Oil wetting agent • 0.5-6 emulsion system
NOV FLUIDCONTROL MAX-TROL Sulfonated resin • • • • 2-8 ppb Y Y
PETRO-MUL I Primary emulsifier • 2-8 lbs/bbl MIL-PAC LV Low-viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • 1-4 ppb Y Y Y
Primary emulsifier for high temp Saltwater tolerant low-viscosity
PETRO-MUL I HT applications • 2-8 lbs/bbl MIL-PAC LV PLUS polyanionic cellulose that meets • • • • 0.25-2 ppb Y Y
API specifications
PETRO-MUL II Secondary emulsifier • 2-8 lbs/bbl
MIL-PAC LVT Low viscosity, technical-grade • • • 0.5-2 ppb Y Y
Secondary emulsifier for high temp polyanionic cellulose
PETRO-MUL II HT • 2-8 lbs/bbl
applications
Polyanionic cellulose, regular
Primary emulsifier for synthetic MIL-PAC R viscosity • • 0.25-4 ppb Y Y Y
TERRA PE • • 2-8 lbs/bbl
base oils, onshore
Saltwater tolerant polyanionic
Secondary emulsifier synthetic MIL-PAC R PLUS • • • • 0.25-4 ppb Y Y
TERRA SE • • 2-8 lbs/bbl cellulose, regular viscosity
base oils, onshore
Technical grade polyanionic
Primary emulsifier for synthetic MIL-PAC RT cellulose, regular viscosity, • • • 0.5-3 ppb Y Y
WAVE PE base oils, offshore • • 2-8 lbs/bbl
API spec
Secondary emulsifier synthetic MILSTARCH Pregelatinized starch • • • • 1-5 ppb Y Y Y
WAVE SE • • 2-8 lbs/bbl
base oils, offshore
Premium fluid loss control additive
OLEON N.V. NEXT-FLC • • 1-6 ppb
for NEXT-DRILL invert system
RADIAGREEN EBL Env. friendly ester based lubricant • • • • 0.5-3% Y N Y HPHT filtration control agent for
RADIAGREEN EME SALT Lubricant for heavy brines • • • 0.5-3% Y N Y NEXT-SEAL invert emulsions fluids • • 1-4 ppb Y

RADIAGREEN EMUL emulsifier for inverted oil mud • • 2 - 4% N PERMA-LOSE HT Non-fermenting polymerized starch • • • • 1-5 ppb Y
system Pre-cross-linked fluid loss polymer
Blend of emulsifying and wetting TEKPLUG XL • Varies Y
E-24 • • • • • • 2-4% N Y for clear brine fluids
agents High-density, pre-cross-linked fluid
QMAX TEKPLUG XL HD loss polymer for clear brine fluids • Varies
DRIMUL Dry emulsifier for NAF • • 2-8 Filtration reducer for PERFFLOW
W-313 • • • 5-7 ppb Y
MAXMUL Emulsifier for NAF • • 2 - 12 Y system
MAXMUL HT Emulsifier for NAF / HT applications • • 4 - 12 DEEP SOUTH CHEMICAL
PRIMEMUL Emulsifier for NAF • • 2-6 DSC HEC Non-ionic pure hydroxyethyl • • 0.5-3
QMAXMUL C HTHP concentrated emulsifier • • 1-6 cellulose
QMAXMUL HT Emulsifier for NAF / HT applications • • 3-8 DRILLING SPECIALTIES CO.
QMAXMUL I Primary emulsifier for NAF • • 3-8 DRISFLEX ADDITIVE Dispersible liquid latex • • • • 2.0-10.0
QMAXMUL II Secondary Emulsifier for NAF • • 1-3 DRILLPAC HV POLYMER High viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y
QMAXMUL P Primary emulsifier for NAF • • 3-8 DRILLPAC LV POLYMER Low viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y
QMAXMUL S Secondary Emulsifier for NAF • • 1-3 High temperature synthetic
DRISCAL D POLYMER • • • • 0.5-2.5 Y Y
polymer
Secondary Emulsifier for NAF / HT
QMAXMUL SHT applications • • 2-4 DRISPAC PLUS Dispersable HV polyanionic • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y
REGULAR cellulose
QMUL C Concentrated Emulsifier for OBM • • 1-6
DRISPAC PLUS Dispersable LV polyanionic • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y
QMUL DIRECT F Emulsifier for direct emulsions • • 4-6 SUPERLO cellulose
QMUL I Primary emulsifier for OBM • • 1 - 10 DRISPAC REGULAR
QMUL II Secondary emulsifier for OBM • • 1 - 10 High viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y
POLYMER
QMUL P Primary emulsifier for NAF • • 2 - 10 DRISPAC SUPERLO Low viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y
QMUL S Secondary Emulsifier for NAF • • 2-6 POLYMER
QWET Oil Wetting Agent • • 0.25 - 2 High temperature synthetic
DRISTEMP POLYMER • • • • 0.5-2.5 Y Y
F I LT R AT I O N C O N T R O L A G E N T S polymer
AMERICAN GILSONITE CO. LIQUID HE-150 Brine viscosifier • • .• .• 2.0-10.0 Y Y
POLYMER
Gilsonite Gilsonite • • 6-10 ppb Y
HE-150 POLYMER Brine viscosifier • • • • 1.0-5.0 Y Y
Gilsonite HT Gilsonite Hgh Temperature • • 6-10 ppb Y
HE-300 POLYMER Fluid loss additve for slicate muds • • • • 1.0-5.0 Y Y
Gilsonite Aquasol Water Dispersible Gilsonite • • • • 6-10 ppb Y
LIQUID DRISPAC High viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.5-4.0 Y N
Water Dispersible Gilsonite Hgh POLYMER
Gilsonite Aquasol HT Temperature • • • • 6-10 ppb Y
Sulfonated asphalt for HTHP
BHGE SOLTEX ADDITIVE filtrate control • • • • • • 2.0-6.0 Y Y
BIO-LOSE Complexed polysaccharide • • • • 2-4 ppb Y SOLTEX E ADDITIVE Sulfonated asphalt • • • • • • 2.0-6.0 Y Y
Organic derivative providing DRILL-SURE OBM
BIO-PAQ • • • • 1-4 ppb Y Y Multi purpose OBM Additive • • 0.75-6.0 Y Y
filtration control ADDITIVE
High performance filtration control Synthetic fluid loss additive for
BIO-PAQ AR • 1-4 ppb DRILL-WELL D210 FLA • • 1.0-4.0
biopolymer invert oil based fluids to 300° F
CARBO-TROL Asphaltic filtration control additive • varies ECO FLUIDS
for invert emulsion fluids
ECODRILL HT-HP filtration control • • • • 2 - 10 Y
Non-asphaltic, non-polymeric
CARBO-TROL A-9 • • 5-10 ppb ECOFCG MT gilsonite • • 2 - 10 Y
HTHP filtration control additive
High-temperature filtration control ECOFCG HT HT gilsonite • • 2 - 10 Y
CARBO-TROL 375 • 2-6 ppb Y ECOFCL Amine lignite • • 2 - 10 Y
additive for invert emulsion fluids
HT filtration control additive for ECOSTARCH High performance filtrate reducer • • • • 4-6 Y
CHEMTROL X • • • 2-6 ppb Y
water-base fluids ECOPAC-R Filtration reducer • • • • 0.5 - 3 Y
Filtration control polymer for invert ECOPAC-LV Filtration reducer • • • • 0.5 - 3 Y
DELTA-FL HT emulsion drilling fluids in HT/HP • • 0.5-7 ppb Y Thinner and filtration control
applications ECOLIG • • • • 2 - 10 Y
additive
Filtration control polymer for VULCATROL Filtration control agent • • • • 0.25 - 3 Y
DELTA-FL ST DELTA-TEQ low-pressure impact • • 0.5-4 ppb Y ECOTEX Sulfonated asphalt • • • • • • 2-6 Y
drilling fluid
LAMBERTI SPA
Liquid filtration control additive for
DELTA-TEQ FL • • 2-4 ppb Y Extra high visc. CMC according
invert emulsion fluids CARBOCEL EHV • • • • .2-4 Y Y
to API/ISO
Filtration control additive for
ECCO-BLOK • • • • 2-6 ppb Y High viscosity technical grade
nonaqueous drilling fluids CARBOCEL HV • • • • .2-4 Y Y
CMC
Asphaltic filtration control additive
EPI-TROL 4062 • • 4-10 ppb Low viscosity CMC according
for invert emulsion fluids CARBOCEL LV • • • • .2-5 Y Y
to API/ISO
Asphaltic filtration control additive
EPI-TROL 4084 • • 4-10 ppb CEPAC ELV Extremely Low-viscosity PAC • • • • .2-3 Y Y
for invert emulsion fluids
Liquid filtration control additive for CEPAC LOVIS Low-viscosity PAC • • • • .2-3 Y Y
FL-1790 • • 2-7 ppb Y CEPAC REGULAR High-viscosity PAC • • • • .2-3 Y Y
invert emulsion drilling fluids
Co-polymer for high-temperature EMULAM FC Liquid fluid loss reducer for OBM • • 1-10 Y
KEM-SEAL • • • • 0.25-6 ppb Y
filtration control EMULAM FLK Liquid syntethic based OBM FLR • • 1-10
Fluid loss additive for LATIDRILL EMULAM FC/NS Liquid OBM FLR for North Sea • • 1-10 Y Y
LATITROL • • • • 2-5 ppb
system High temp. polymeric FR (up
Filtration control additive for water- HYSOPOL FL • • • • 1-10 Y
LIGCO • • 2-8 ppb Y to 300°F)
based drilling fluids HYSOPOL FLN Polymeric FLR for North Sea • • • • 1-10 Y Y
Causticized leonardite for filtration HYSOPOL HTL High temperature polymeric FLR • • • 10-30
LIGCON control in water-based drilling • • 2-8 ppb Y
fluids K PAC LOVIS Potassium low viscosity PAC • • • .2-3 Y Y
Fluid loss and sealing additive K PAC REGULAR Potassium high viscosity PAC • • • .2-3 Y Y
MAGMA-SEAL for MAGMA-TEQ extreme HPHT • • 4-8 ppb Premium grade, low visc.,
LAMPAC CHL • • • • .2-2 Y Y
emulsion system purified PAC

34 WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM | OFFSHORE   SEPTEMBER 2019

1909OFF27-41.indd 34 8/30/19 1:23 PM

 ENVIRONMENTAL DRILLING AND COMPLETIONS FLUIDS DIRECTORY •

PLONOR Listing Available

PLONOR Listing Available

HOCNF Classification

HOCNF Classification
Passed LC50 Test

Passed LC50 Test

Usage (lbs/bbl)

Usage (lbs/bbl)
Synthetic Fluid

Synthetic Fluid
Saturated Salt

Saturated Salt
Concentration

Concentration
Nondispersed

Nondispersed
Fresh Water

Fresh Water
Dispersed

Dispersed
Oil-Based

Oil-Based
Normal

Normal
PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION
LAMPAC CHR High visc., premium grade, • • • • .2-2 Y Y NEWPAC R Polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.25-2 Y Y
purified PAC NTEGRAL V Polymeric filtration control agent • • • • 1-4 Y
LAMPAC EXLO Extremely low-viscosity PAC • • • • .2-3 Y Y NTEGRAL X Polymeric filtration control agent • • • • 1-4 Y
Low visc. purified PAC, according OPTI G Filtrate control agent • • • • • • 2-6
LAMPAC LOVIS to API/ISO • • • • .2-2 Y Y
OPTILIG Amine treated lignite • • 1-12
High visc., purified PAC, according Polymeric HPHT filtration control
LAMPAC REGULAR • • • • .2-2 Y Y OPTITROL • 2-5 Y
to API/ISO agent
LAMPAC NFE-L Dispersible, premium, LV • • • • .2-2 Y Y NOV FLUIDCONTROL
purified PAC
2 to 5 lbs/
Dispersible - HV, premium, AQUA-FILM CM Carboxymethyl starch • • • •
LAMPAC NFE-R • • • • .2-2 Y Y bbl
purified PAC
2 to 5 lbs/
M-I SWACO AQUA-FILM HP Non-ionic hydroxypropyl starch • • • • bbl
Sulfonated organic blend, partially 2 to 5 lbs/
ASPHASOL D • • • 2-10 AQUA-FILM HT High temperature stable starch • • • •
water soluble bbl
ASPHASOL SUPREME Sulfonated asphalt • • • • • 3-6 Y 2 to 5 lbs/
DI-TROL FCA for the DIPRO system • 8 GRN Y AQUA-FILM W Pregelatinized white starch • • • • bbl
DUAL-FLO FCA for the FLOPRO NT system • • • 4-6 Y 2 to 5 lbs/
AQUA-FILM Y Pregelatinized yellow starch • • • •
FCA for high-temperature bbl
DUAL-FLO HT • • • 2-7 GRN Y
applications 2 to 5 lbs/
AQUA-FILM T Tapioca starch • • • •
Liquid filtration control for bbl
ECOTROL L paraffin-, mineral oil- and • • 0.5-2.0 1 to 6 lbs/
synthetic oils ATL-NAF Filtration control additive • • bbl Y
Version of ECOTROL used in .25 to 4
ECOTROL RD PARALAND system • • 2-4 RED EP-CHEK Polymeric HTHP filtration control • • lbs/bbl
Synthetic Co-Polymer in all oil 1 to 6 lbs/
ECOTROL HT • • 2-4 RED ECOPHALT 300 Mineral asphalt, powdered, for NAF • • • • • •
high-temperature applications bbl
FLO-PLEX Filtration control additive for the • • 2-6 RED Y 1 to 6 lbs/
DRILPLEX system ECOPHALT 350 Mineral asphalt, powdered, for NAF • • • • • •
bbl
FLO-PLEX PLUS Filtration control additive for the • • 4-6 0.5 to 2
DRILPLEX system HEC-LINK 11 HEC gel • • lbs/bbl
Starch derivative for FLOPRO NT 0.5 to 2
FLO-TROL • • • • 2-4 GRN Y Y HEC-LINK 14 HEC gel • •
systems lbs/bbl
M-I PAC R Pure PAC polymer, technical grade • • • 2-5 GRN Y 2 to 6 lbs/
NOV LIG Oxidized leonardite or lignite • • •
M-I PAC UL Pure PAC polymer, low viscosity • • • 2-5 GRN Y bbl
Filtration control in Diesel based 2 to 6 lbs/
MEGATROL • 0.5-3 NOV LIG R Resinated lignite • •
systems bbl
MY-LO-JEL Pregelatinized corn starch • • • • 4-8 2 to 6 lbs/
NOV LIG K Potassium lignite • • •
OILFAZE Sacked oil-base concentrate • 50 bbl
ONETROL Filtration control additive • • 2 to 6 lbs/
NOV LIG PH Causticized lignite • • •
ONETROL HT Amine-treated tannin • • 4-10 RED bbl
POLYPAC ELV Extra-low viscosity PAC • • • • 0.5-2 GRN Y Y NOV PAC LV Polyanionic cellulose, low • • • • 0.5-2 lbs/bbl Y
molecular weight
POLYPAC R Polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.5-2 GRN Y Y
NOV PAC R Polyanionic cellulose, regular • • • • 0.5-1 lbs/bbl Y
POLYPAC UL PAC, ultra low-viscosity • • • • 0.5-2 GRN Y Y
Polyanionic cellulose, low
POLY-SAL Non-fermenting starch • • • • 2-6 NOV PAC Plus LV • • • • 0.5-2 lbs/bbl Y
molecular weight
High-quality, preserved NOV PAC Plus Polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.5-1 lbs/bbl Y
POLY-SAL HT • • • • 2-6
polysaccharide
Sulfonated asphalt/causticized 2 to 6 lbs/
Non-fermenting tapioca starch PAVE-PLEX • • • •
POLY-SAL T • • • • 2-6 lignite filtration control bbl
derivative
Blended carbon filtration control 2 to 6 lbs/
POROSEAL Latex-modified starch polymer • • • • 2-5vol% Y C-BLOCK 12 additive • • • • bbl
Latex-based fluid loss control POLY-SPA Sodium polyacrylate • • • • 1-2 lbs/bbl
POROSEAL Plus • • • 5-15
sealant
SO/LO FLC Fluid loss control additive for low • • 0.25 to 2
RESINEX II High-temperature synthetic resin • • • • 2-10 solids SO/LO system lbs/bbl
SAFE-CARB Sized ground marble • • • • • • 10-50 GRN Y Y 2 to 6 lbs/
SAFE-VIS Brine viscosifier • • • • 0.5-4 YLW STARTROL Sulfonated asphalt blend, HTHP • • • • bbl
SAFE-VIS E Liquid viscosifier for brines • 5-10 QMAX
Liquid viscosifier for high-density FILTRAVIS Proprietary Fluid Loss Reducer • • • • 0.2 - 2
SAFE-VIS HDE • • • 14-29
brines MAXLIG Organophilic lignite • • 2-8
.6-1.2 gal/ Filtrate reducer for WBM - HT
SAFE-VIS OGS Specially formulated liquid HEC • MAXTEMP F • • • • 1-4
bbl applications
SP-101 Sodium polyacrylate polymer • • • • 0.5-2 Y MMO FLR Filtrate reducer for MMO system • • 4-6
TANNATHIN Ground lignite • • • • 1-15 Y QLIG CP Causticized lignite • • • 2-8
THRUCARB Carbonate for the FLOTHRU system • • 5-12 Y QLIG CS Causticized lignite • • • 2-8
Sized carbonate for the FLOTHRU QLIG RS Resinated lignite • • • 2-8
THRUCARB 20 • • 5-12
system
QLIG RSP Resinated lignite with potassium • • • 2-8
Organicphillic starch for the
THRUTROL • • 10-15 YLW Y QMAX SP Polyacrylate polymer • • • 1-3
FLOTHRU system
VERSATROL Naturally occurring gilsonite • 2-8 RED QMAXTROL Filtrate reducer for NAF • • 3-8
VERSATROL HT High-temperature gilsonite • 2-8 RED QMAXTROL HT Polymeric filtrate reducer for NAF • • 0.5 - 2.0
VERSATROL M Medium softening point Gilsonite • 2-8 RED High Viscosity Polyanionic
QPAC HV cellulose • • • • 0.25 - 2.5 Y
VINSEAL FCA & electrical stability additive • • • • • 2-20
QPAC LV Low Viscosity Polyanionic cellulose • • • • 1-3 Y
XP-20 N Chrome lignite, neutralized • • • 1-15
High Viscosity Polyanionic
NEWPARK DRILLING FLUIDS QPAC HVP • • • • 0.2 - 1.5 Y
cellulose premium
Polymeric HPHT filtration control Low Viscosity Polyanionic cellulose
CYBERTROL • 1-5 Y QPAC LVP • • • • 1-3 Y
agent premium
DYNALOSE CM Carboxymethylated startch • • • • Y Ultra low viscosity polyanionic
DYNALOSE W White starch • • • • 2-6 Y QPAC ULV • • • • 1-4 Y
cellulose
DYNALOSE Y Yellow starch • • • • 2-6 Y QSTAR ENV Starch for WBM • • • • 2-6 Y
DYNANITE Filtrate control agent • • • • • • 2-6 Y QSTAR HT Starch for WBM - HT applications • • • • 2-6 Y
DYNAPLEX Resin • • • • 1-8 Y Starch for WBM - Moderate
QSTAR MT • • • • 2-6 Y
EVOTROL Filtrate control agent • • • • 0.5-2 Y temperature applications
HPHT polymeric fluid loss control QTROL Filtrate reducer for NAF • • 3-8
EVOTROL HT • • • 0.5-2
agent Filtrate reducer for NAF - HT
QTROL HT • • 4-8
GAGETROL Fluid loss control • • • • 4 Y applications
KRONOTROL Polymeric filtration control agent • • 1-5 Liquid Filtrate reducer for NAF - HT
QTROL LHT • • 1-6
KRONOTROL HT Polymeric filtration control agent • • 1-5 applications
KRONOTROL XT Polymeric filtration control agent • • 1-5 TETRA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Fluid conditioner and fluid loss BIOPOL Dry viscosifier • •
NEWEDGE • • • • • • 2-10 Y BIOPOL HT Dry viscosifier, high-temperature • •
reducer
NEWLIG Lignite • • • • 2-5 Y BIOPOL L Liquid viscosifier • •
NEWPAC LV Polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.25-2 Y Y HYDROGEN PEROXIDE Oxidizer • •
Premium-grade polyanionic PAYZONE 750 Temperature stabilizer • •
NEWPAC PLV • • • • 0.25-2 Y
cellulose PAYZONE HPS High performance starch • • • •
Premium-grade polyanionic PSEUDOPOL Synthetic polymer • • •
NEWPAC PR • • • • 0.25-2 Y
cellulose PSEUDOPOL D Synthetic polymer • • •

SEPTEMBER 2019   OFFSHORE | WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM35

1909OFF27-41.indd 35 8/30/19 1:23 PM

 • ENVIRONMENTAL DRILLING AND COMPLETIONS FLUIDS DIRECTORY

PLONOR Listing Available

PLONOR Listing Available

HOCNF Classification

HOCNF Classification
Passed LC50 Test

Passed LC50 Test

Usage (lbs/bbl)

Usage (lbs/bbl)
Synthetic Fluid

Synthetic Fluid
Saturated Salt

Saturated Salt
Concentration

Concentration
Nondispersed

Nondispersed
Fresh Water

Fresh Water
Dispersed

Dispersed
Oil-Based

Oil-Based
Normal

Normal
PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION
PSEUDOPOL HT Dry viscosifier, high-temperature • • • EPI-GEL 4065 Organophilic clay for solids • 6-10 ppb
PSEUDOPOL HT Liquid Liquid viscosifier, high-temperature • • • suspension
TETRAVIS Dry HEC polymer • • EPI-VIS 4063 Rheology modifier for invert • • 1-4 ppb
TETRAVIS BREAKER Viscosity breaker • • emulsion systems
TETRAVIS EXTENDER Temperature stabilizer • • LATIBASE Multi-functional additive • • • • 2-10ppb
TETRAVIS L Liquid HEC polymer • • Organophilic clay for MAGMA-TEQ
MAGMA-GEL • • 1-6 ppb Y
extreme HPHT emulsion system
Double strength liquid HEC
TETRAVIS L PLUS • • Suspension enhancer for MAGMA-
viscosifier
MAGMA-GEL SE TEQ extreme HPHT emulsion • • 1-5 ppb Y
Double strength liquid HEC system
TETRAVIS L PLUS GOLD viscosifier - Hydrocarbon-free, • •
Environmentally-friendly Wyoming bentonite meeting API
MILGEL specifications • • • • 0-25 ppb Y Y Y
TURBO-CHEM INTERNATIONAL
Untreated Wyoming bentonite
PREMIUM SEAL Micronized cellulose fiber • • • • • • 4-10 ppb Y MILGEL NT • • • • 0-25 ppb Y Y Y
meeting API specs
Preventative Wellbore A unique organophilic clay for
BORE-SEAL 100 Strengthening • • • • • • 4-20 ppb Y NEXT-HOLD • • 5-14 ppb
cuttings suspension
Preventative Wellbore Rheology modifier for invert
SYN SEAL • • • • • • 4-20 ppb Y NEXT-LIFT • 2-6 ppb
Strengthening emulsion systems
TURBO-PHALT Gilsonite/resin • • • • 4-10 ppb Y Rheology modifier for invert
NEXT-LIFT UL • 1-2 ppb
FLOCCULANTS emulsion systems
LAMBERTI SPA High-performance, anionic,
DRILLAM EL PHPA shale inhibitor • • • • 0.3-3 synthetic polymer rheology 0.05-0.25
OMNI-PLEX modifier for invert emulsion • • ppb
M-I SWACO systems
FILTER FLOC Flocculant for displacements • • 0.01-2.0 Viscosifier for high temperature
vol% PRIME VIS HT 3-10 ppb
displacements
FLOXIT Organic flocculant • • 0.1-2 Liquid brine viscosifier - multi-salt
GELEX Polymer bentonite extender • • 0.05-0.2 QUICK VIS • • As needed Y
systems
POLY-PLUS High M.W. PHPA polymer • • • 0.5-4 Y Liquid brine viscosifier - HT
POLY-PLUS DRY Dry PHPA polymer • • • .25-2 QUICK VIS HT • • As needed
environment
POLY-PLUS LV Low-viscosity PHPA polymer • • • .25-2 Fast yielding organophilic clay for
RHEO-CLAY • • 2-4 ppb Y
Readily dispersible powdered high RHEO-LOGIC deepwater system
POLY-PLUS RD • • • 0.5-4
m. w. PHPA Temperature-stable organophilic
SAFE-FLOC II Surfactant / solvent blend • • 1-4% RHEO-CLAY PLUS clay for RHEO-LOGIC deepwater • • 2-4 ppb Y
SAFE-FLOC III Clear Brine flocculant • • 1-4% system
NOV FLUIDCONTROL Organic polymeric viscosifier for
RHEO-LINE HT RHEO-LOGIC deepwater system- • 0.5-3 ppb Y
Selective flocculation of low gravity 0.1 to 1 HT environment
INTELLI-FLOC 110 solids, nonionic • • • • lbs/bbl
Attapulgite clay meeting API
Anionic flocculant for brines, 0.5-1.5 SALT WATER GEL • • • 20 ppb Y
INTELLI-FLOC ULTRA • • • specifications
anionic lbs/bbl
SUPER-COL Exrta-high-yield bentonite • • 0.5-5 ppb Y
0.5-1.5
INTELLI-FLOC II Cationic total flocculant • • • Liquid brine viscosifier -single
lbs/bbl ULTRAVIS • • As needed Y
salt systems
0.5-1.5
INTELLI-FLOC 1 Anioni flocculant for dewatering • • • lbs/bbl W.O. 21 Hydroxethyl cellulose • • • • 1-3 ppb Y
Cationic flocculant for improving Liquid HEC viscosifier for workover
INTELLI-FLOC 407 • • • • 0.5 to 1% Y W.O. 21LE • • • 0.3-1 gal/bbl Y
solids removal fluids - environmentally safe
QMAX XAN-PLEX C Clarified Xanthan gum polymer • • • • 0.2-2 ppb
Stripping polymer for Floc Water XAN-PLEX D Xanthan gum polymer with • • • • 0.2-2 ppb Y
QSTRIP Drilling • • • 0.01 - 1 dispersant
MAXCAP C Cationic flocculant • • • 0.2 - 1.5 Xanthan gum polymer with
XAN-PLEX DSP • • • • 0.2-3 ppb Y
enhanced dispersant for North Sea
MAXCAP D Encapsulating polymer • • • • 0.2 - 1 Y
Clarified liquid xanthan gum
Low molecular weight anionic XAN-PLEX eL • • • 0.5-3.0 ppb Y Y
MAXCAP II • • • • 1-3 polymer suitable for North Sea
polymer
Non-settling, high molecular
Emulsion of high molecular weight XAN-PLEX L2 weight, liquid xanthan gum • • • 0.5-3.5 ppb Y
MAXCAP L • • • • 0.5 - 2
flocculant polymer polymer
Low molecular weight DEEP SOUTH CHEMICAL
MAXCAP LV • • • • 1-3
polyacrylamide
ARDS Spacer Mix A mixture of clays and polymer • •
Low molecular weight, acrylic acid
QMAXCAP • • • • 2-4 ARDS 85 Gel -E Thermally stable liquid viscosifiers • •
copolymer
TETRA TECHNOLOGIES, INC. BP 85 Gel-E Thermally stable liquid viscosifiers • •
Polymer blend - flocculates solids Non-ionic pure hydroxyethyl
TETRAFLOC CB • • DSC HEC cellulose • • 0.5-3
in non-zinc brine systems
Polymer blend - flocculates solids Liquid viscosifiers using
TETRAFLOC ZCB • • • LIQUID GUAR E • • 0.04 Y
in zinc brine systems ummodified guar
DSC HEC Linear Gel Hydroxyethyl cellulose polymer • • 0.5-3
FRICTION REDUCER FOR COIL TUBING
DSC HEC Linear Gel E Hydroxyethyl cellulose polymer • • 0.5-3 Y
DRILLING SPECIALTIES CO.
HEC Linear Gel
HE 150 POLYMER Friction reducer • • • • 0.1-0.2 Y Y Enhances thermal stability of HEC • • 0.3-0.4
EXTENDER 75
LIQUID HE 150 POLYMER Friction reducer • • • • 0.1-0.2 Y N DRILLING SPECIALTIES CO.
FLOWZAN BIOPOLYMER Friction reducer • • • • 0.25-2.0 Y Y DRILLPAC HV POLYMER High viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y
NEWPARK DRILLING FLUIDS DRILLPAC LV POLYMER Low viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y
DEFLECT Friction reducer for coiled tubing • • .2-2 DRILLZAN D Economical high viscosity
Metal-on metal lubricant for • • • • 0.25-2.0 Y Y
DIRECT • • 3-18 BIOPOLYMER biopolymer
coiled tubing High temperature synthetic
GELLING AGENTS/ VISCOSIFIERS DRISCAL D POLYMER • • • • 0.5-2.5 Y Y
polymer
BHGE DRISPAC PLUS Dispersable HV polyanionic • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y
Organophilic clay for solids REGULAR cellulose
CARBO-GEL • • 1-5 ppb Y
suspension DRISPAC PLUS Dispersable LV polyanionic • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y
Quick-yielding organophilic clay for SUPERLO cellulose
CARBO-GEL II • • 4-8 ppb Y
solids suspension DRISPAC REGULAR High viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y
Supplemental viscosifier in invert Up to 0.6 POLYMER
CARBO-TEC S • • Y
emulsion fluids gal/bbl DRISPAC SUPERLO
POLYMER Low Viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y
Coarse-ground barite to improve
DEEP SWEEP • • • • • • As needed
hole cleaning FLOWZAN BIOPOLYMER High viscosity biopolymer • • • • 0.25-2.0 Y Y
Viscosifier and suspension agent HE 150 POLYMER High viscosity synthetic polymer • • • • 1.0-2.0 Y Y
DELTA-GEL in DELTA-TEQ low-pressure impact • • 1-4 ppb LIQUID HE 150 POLYMER High viscosity synthetic polymer • • • • 2.0-4.0 Y Y
drilling fluid
LIQUID DRISPAC
Organophilic clay for DELTA-TEQ High viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.5-4.0 Y N
DELTA-GEL PLUS • • 2-6 ppb Y POLYMER
low-pressure impact drilling fluid
LIQUID FLOWZAN
Suspension enhancer for High viscosity biopolymer • • • • 0.5-4.0 Y N
BIOPOLYMER
DELTA-HOLD DELTA-TEQ low-pressure impact • • 1-5 ppb Y
drilling fluid High viscosity pure hydroxyethyl
LIQUID HEC POLYMER • • • • 0.5-5.0 Y N
cellulosic polymer
Low-end rheology modifier for
DELTA-LIFT DELTA-TEQ low-pressure impact • • 0.5-4 ppb Flat Rheology modifer of invert oil
drilling fluid DRILL-WELL D294 RMA based drilling fluids good to 325 • •
°F hot roll
Low-temperature rheology modifier
DELTA-MOD for DELTA-TEQ low-pressure • • 0.5-4 ppb ECO FLUIDS
impact drilling fluid ECO OBGEL Orgnophylic clay • 2 - 10

36 WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM | OFFSHORE   SEPTEMBER 2019

1909OFF27-41.indd 36 8/30/19 1:23 PM

 ENVIRONMENTAL DRILLING AND COMPLETIONS FLUIDS DIRECTORY •

PLONOR Listing Available

PLONOR Listing Available

HOCNF Classification

HOCNF Classification
Passed LC50 Test

Passed LC50 Test

Usage (lbs/bbl)

Usage (lbs/bbl)
Synthetic Fluid

Synthetic Fluid
Saturated Salt

Saturated Salt
Concentration

Concentration
Nondispersed

Nondispersed
Fresh Water

Fresh Water
Dispersed

Dispersed
Oil-Based

Oil-Based
Normal

Normal
PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION
ECO PBGEL Organophylic clay • • 2 - 10 EVOMOD HPHT synthetic low-end rheology • Y
ECOFLO Xanthan gum • • • • 0.25 - 1 Y mod.
ECOMOD Oil mud viscosifier • • 0.25 - 2 EVOVIS HPHT polymeric rheology modifier • • 0.25-6 Y
ECO-EX Bentonite Extender • • • • Y EVOVIS S HPHT polymeric viscosifier • • • 0.5-2
ECOVIS-HT Filtrate Reducer HTHP • • • • 2-6 Y GAGEVIS MMO • • 0.8-1.2
LAMBERTI SPA KRONOMOD Polymeric rheological modifier • •
BIOLAM XG LS Liquid xanthan viscosifier • • • • 0.25-2 Y KRONOVIS HPHT suspension additive • •
BIOLAM XG Xanthan gum viscosifier • • • • 0.2-2 Y NEWGEL Montmorillonite • • • • 5-30 Y
Extra high visc. CMC according NEWGEL NT Untreated montmorillonite • • • • 5-30 Y Y
CARBOCEL EHV • • • • 0.2-4 Y Y
to API/ISO NEWZAN D Biopolymer • • • • 0.2-2 Y Y
High viscosity technical grade Polymeric viscosifier and
CARBOCEL HV • • • • 0.2-4 Y Y NTEGRAL I • • • • Y
CMC encapsulater
CEPAC REGULAR High viscosity technical grade PAC • • • • 0.2-3 Y Y OPTIVIS RM Polymeric rheological modifyier • <4
DRILLAM EL Liquid PHPA • • • • 0.3-3 NOV FLUIDCONTROL
EMULAM REO1 Low shear rate rheology modifier • • 0.5-2 Y Y 0.25-4 lbs/
HEC-VIS L Viscosifier - liquid • • • • Y
EMULAM RM Rheology modifier for OBM • • 1-4 bbl
Rheology Modifier for invert 0.5 to 2
EMULAM RM 3 • • 1-4 ISO-DRILL PHPA dispersion • • • • lbs/bbl
emulsion systems based on Diesel
EMULAM RM 77 Rheology modifier for OBM • • 1-4 0.5 to 2
ISO-DRILL LV Low molecular weight PHPA • • • •
Organoclay / Gelling agent for lbs/bbl
EMULAM VIS OBM • • 1-5 0.5 to 2
ISO-DRILL Plus PHPA dispersion 50% • • • •
High yield Organoclay / Gelling lbs/bbl
EMULAM V PLUS agent • • 1-5 0.5 to 2
ISO-DRILL RD Granular PHPA • • • • lbs/bbl Y
LAMGUM 200 High viscosity guar gum • • • • 0.2-4 Y Y
High visc., premium grade, Polymeric viscosifier emulsion
LAMPAC CHR • • • • 0.2-2 Y Y CEP • • .5 - 4 lbs/bbl
purified PAC for NAF
High visc., purified PAC, according .25 - 2 lbs/
LAMPAC REGULAR • • • • 0.2-2 Y Y COLDFLOW Flat rehology modifier • •
to API/ISO bbl
Dispersible - Purified premium 0.5 to 4
LAMPAC NFE-R • • • • .2-2 Y Y FLO-MOD TA Low end rheology modifier for NAF • •
HV PAC lbs/bbl
M-I SWACO Low end rheology modifier for 0.5 to 4
FLO-MOD ESW • •
NAF offshore lbs/bbl
DI-BALANCE Viscosifier for the DIPRO system • 0.25-2 GRN Y
Low end rheology modifier for 0.5 to 4
DRILPLEX Viscosifier for DRILPLEX system • • 1-3 GRN Y Y FLO-MOD EST • •
NAF onshore lbs/bbl
DUO-TEC Xanthan gum polymer • • • • 0.25-2 Organophilic hectorite viscosifier 4 - 10 lbs/
Xanthan gum polymer, non- PREMA-VIS HT • • Y
DUO-TEC NS • • • • 0.25-2 GRN Y for HT NAF applications bbl
dispersible for North Sea use 4 - 10 lbs/
DUO-VIS Xanthan gum dispersible polymer • • • • 0.25-2 Y PREMA-VIS Organophilic bentonite clay • •
bbl
Liquified Xanthan gum, non- Premium organophilic Wyoming 4 - 10 lbs/
DUO-VIS L clarified • • • • 0.25-0.5 PREMA-VIS Plus • •
bentonite clay bbl
Xanthan gum, non-dispersible for Organophilic bentonite clay, cold 4 - 10 lbs/
DUO-VIS NS • • • • 0.5-2.5 PREMA-VIS CF • •
North Sea use temperature bbl
DuraMod Flat rheology system modifier • • 1.0-9.0 Organophilic bentonite clay, readily 4 - 10 lbs/
PREMA-VIS RD • •
Non-dispersible clarified Xanthan 0.25-0.5 dispersed bbl
FLO-VIS L gum • • • • gal/bbl Y
Treated bentonite clay for aqueous 6 to 40
NOV GEL • • • •
Premium clarified Xanthan for drilling fluids lbs/bbl
FLO-VIS PLUS • • • • 0.75-2.25 Y
FLOPRO NT systems Non-treated bentonite clay for 6 to 40
NOV GEL NT aqueous drilling fluids • • • • lbs/bbl Y
GELEX Polymer bentonite extender • • 0.05-0.2
GELITE High-yield clay • • • 5.0-35.0 Non-treated bentonite clay for 6 to 40
NOV GEL HY • • • • Y
Viscosifier for the DRILPLEX aqueous drilling fluids lbs/bbl
GELPLEX system • 7-10 GRN Y Y 0.25 to 4
NOV XAN D Xanthan gum • • • • Y
Liquid viscosifier & gelling agent lbs/bbl
HRP • 1-6 RED RHE-TEMP Temporary viscosifier for NAF • 1 - 4 lbs/bbl
for oil muds
Premium grade treated Wyoming Viscosifier for clay free SO/ .25 to 2
M-I GEL • • • • 5-35 SO/LO VIS • •
bentonite LO fluids lbs/bbl
M-I GEL SUPREME Non-treated bentonite, API spec • • • • 5-35 Y 0.25-4 lbs/
NOV XAN L Xanthan gum • • • • Y
M-I GEL SUPREME Non-treated API Wyoming bbl
• • • • 5-35 OLEON N.V.
WYOMING bentonite
API-spec bentonite Wyoming EMS 6+ Rheology modifier • • 0,5 - 3% N Y
M-I GEL WYOMING • • • • 5-35
source only WELL.O RM.LD Rheology modifier • • 0,5 - 3% N Y
M-I PAC R Pure PAC polymer, regular grade • • • 2-5 GRN Y WELL.O RM.MD Rheology modifier • • 0,5 - 3% N Y
NOVAMOD Low-shear rate viscosifier • 1-5 WELL.O RM.HD Rheology modifier • • 0,5 - 3% N Y
POLYPAC R Polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.5-2 GRN Y Y WELL.O RM.LT Rheology modifier • • 0,5 - 3% N Y
Viscosifier: creates less pump WELL.O RM.MT Rheology modifier • • 0,5 - 3% N Y
POWER VIS • 0.875-1.25 Y
pressure & thermal convection WELL.O RM.HT Rheology modifier • • 0,5 - 3% N Y
Liquid version of POWER VIS 0.125-0.5 QMAX
POWER VIS L •
viscosifier gal/bbl
QXAN XCD Dispersable - grade xanthan gum • • • • 0.25 - 2.0 Y
Rapid Sweep Water-soluble polymer stick • •
BENTONITE Regular bentonite • • • 3 - 20 Y
Rheology modifier for RHELIANT
RHEFLAT PLUS • 0.5-4 BENTONITE PREMIUM Premium bentonite • • • 3 - 15 Y
system
SAFE-VIS Brine viscosifier • • • • 0.5-4 YLW DRILSMOOTH Viscosifier for MMO system • • 0.8 - 1
SAFE-VIS E Liquid HEC • 5-10 GELVIS Bentonite extender • • • • 0.01 - 0.1
SAFE-VIS HDE Liquid HEC for high-density brines • • • 14-29 GUAR GUM Polysaccharide polymer • • • • 0.25 - 5
SAFE-VIS OGS Specially formulated liquid HEC • 0.6-1.2 gpb HEC Hydroxyethyl cellulose • • • • 0.5 - 1.5
SALT GEL Attapulgite clay • • • • 5-35 MAX RM Rheological modifier for NAF • • 0.5 - 2
SUREMOD Viscosifier for SBM systems • 1-4 MAXCLAY Organophilic clay for NAF • • 2-8
Primary viscosifier for TRUDRIL YLW Organophilic clay for HT
TRUVIS • 0-8 MAXCLAY HT • • 2-8
systems 2 applications
VERSAGEL HT Hectorite • 0-8 RED MAXMOD Rheological modifier for NAF • • 0.5 - 2 Y
Oil mud gelling agent and Synthetic viscosifier polymer for
VERSAMOD • 1-3 MAXTEMP V • • • • 0.25 - 3
viscosifier HT applications
Primary emulsifier and wetting MAXVIS Organophilic clay for NAF • • 2-8 Y
VERSAMUL • 2-10 Organophilic clay for HT
agent MAXVIS HT • • 2-8
Thermally activated organic applications
VERSAPAC • • 5-30 YLW QMAXMOD Rheological modifier for NAF • • 0.25 - 1.5
thixotrope
VG-69 Organophilic clay • • 2-10 Y QMAXVIS Polymeric viscosifier for NAF • • 0.5 - 5
YLW QMUL GEL Organophilic clay for NAF • • 2-8
VG-PLUS Improved organophilic clay • • 2-10 2 QUICK VIS L Organoclay activator • • 2-4
Organophilic clay for the invert QXAN Xanthan gum • • • • 0.25 - 1.5 Y
VG-SUPREME • 2-10 RED
emulsion systems QXAN L Liquid xanthan gum • • • • 0.5 - 3 Y
NEWPARK DRILLING FLUIDS QXAN PREMIUM Xanthan gum - Premium • • • • 0.25 - 1.5 Y
CONNECT Viscosifier for coiled tubing • • QXAN XCD PLUS Clarified dispersible xanthan gum • • • • 0.25 - 2 Y
CYBERVIS DW50 Polymeric rheological modifyier • • 0.25-2.5 Y TETRA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
CYBERVIS RM Polymeric rheological modifyier • • <4 Y ATAPULGITE Saltwater gel • •
DEFLECT Friction reducer for coiled tubing • • .2-2 BENTONITE Freshwater gel • •

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 • ENVIRONMENTAL DRILLING AND COMPLETIONS FLUIDS DIRECTORY

PLONOR Listing Available

PLONOR Listing Available

HOCNF Classification

HOCNF Classification
Passed LC50 Test

Passed LC50 Test

Usage (lbs/bbl)

Usage (lbs/bbl)
Synthetic Fluid

Synthetic Fluid
Saturated Salt

Saturated Salt
Concentration

Concentration
Nondispersed

Nondispersed
Fresh Water

Fresh Water
Dispersed

Dispersed
Oil-Based

Oil-Based
Normal

Normal
PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION
BIOPOL Dry viscosifier • • • • Y MIL-MICA SERIES Size graded mica • • • • • • 5-10 ppb Y Y Y
BIOPOL HT Dry viscosifier • • • • Y MIL-PLUG SERIES Sized ground nut shells • • • • • • 5-10 ppb Y Y Y
BIOPOL L Liquid viscosifier • • • • Y Blend of granular, flake, and fibrous
PAYZONE 750 Temperature stabilizer • • MIL-SEAL LCM in three different grind sizes • • • • 5-10 ppb Y
PAYZONE HPS High performance starch • • • • Y (coarse, medium, and fine)
PSEUDOPOL Synthetic polymer • • • Dry, deformable sealing copolymer
NANOSHIELD • • • • • • 2-5 ppb Y Y
for wellbore stability
PSEUDOPOL D Synthetic polymer • •
NEXT-SEAL Blended LCM for seepage losses • • 1-4 ppb Y
PSEUDOPOL HT Dry viscosifier • •
SOLUFLAKE SERIES Flaked calcium carbonate • • • • • • 2-8 ppb Y Y
PSEUDOPOL HT LIQUID Hi prof liquid viscosifier • •
SOLU-SQUEEZ Acid-soluble LCM • • • • • • Varies Y
Viscosified weighted spacer/
TADS I <13.5 LB/GAL • Sized, ground calcium carbonate
cleaning agent W.O. 30 SERIES • • • • • • 5-40 ppb Y Y
(Multiple grind sizes available)
TADS I - 13.5- 14.3 Viscosified weighted spacer/
LB/GAL cleaning agent • Cross-linked polymer system with
X-LINK • • • • • • Varies
controlled set time
TADS I - 14.4- 19.0 Viscosified weighted spacer/ • BOYSENBLUE/CELTEC INTERNATIONAL
LB/GAL cleaning agent
TADS III < 11.6 CACL2 Viscosified sweep • • • • • • BLEN FYBER, (F) • • • • • • 4.0-10.0
TADS III < 14.2 CABR2 BLEN PLUG • • • • • • 4.0-12.0
TADS III - FRESHWATER Viscosified sweep • • • • • • BLEN SEAL • • • • • • 4.0-8.0
TADS III - SALTWATER Viscosified sweep • • • • • • BLEN TROL • • • • • 4.0-8.0
TDSP I <12 LB/GAL Viscosified weighted spacer • • • • • • FRAC PAK • • • • • • 50.0-100.0
TDSP I <15 LB/GAL Viscosified weighted spacer • • • • • • SPUD SEAL
TDSP I <19 LB/GAL Viscosified weighted spacer • • • • • • DRILLING SPECIALTIES CO.
TDSP III - 11.6 CACL2 Viscosified sweep • • • • • • DIASEAL M LCM Sized diatomaceous earth blend • • • • • • 17-50 Y Y
TDSP III - FRESHWATER Viscosified sweep • • • • • • DYNARED FINE Ground cellulosic fiber for seepage • • • • • • 2.0-10.0 Y Y
control
TDSP III - SALTWATER Viscosified sweep • • • • • •
Ground cellulosic fiber for seepage
Temperature extender - basic DYNARED MEDIUM • • • • • • 2.0-10.0 Y Y
TETRA HELP • • control
amine-glycol mixture
Ground cellulosic fiber for seepage
TETRAFLEX 110 DYNARED COURSE • • • • • • 2.0-10.0 Y Y
Cross Linked Gelled polymer • • • • control
POLYMER
Cellulosic fiber for seepage loss
TETRAFLEX 135 DYNA-SEAL FINE • • • • • • 2.0-10.0 Y Y
Cross Linked Gelled polymer • • • • in oil muds
POLYMER
TORQUE-SEAL LPM/LCM LPM/LCM for casing and horizontal
TETRAVIS Dry HEC polymer • • • • Y • • • • • • 2.0-30.0 Y Y
drilling
TETRAVIS EXTENDER Temperature stabilizer • • SURE-SEAL LPM LPM for Wellbore Strengthing • • • • • • 30.0-50.0 Y Y
TETRAVIS L Liquid HEC polymer • • • • Y WELL-SEAL LCM FINE Blended LCM for Lost Circulation • • • • • • 2.0-40 Y Y
Double strength liquid HEC WELL-SEAL LCM
TETRAVIS L PLUS viscosifier • • • • Blended LCM for Lost Circulation • • • • • • 10-40 Y Y
MEDIUM
Double strength liquid HEC WELL-SEAL LCM
TETRAVIS L PLUS GOLD viscosifier - Hydrocarbon-free, • • Blended LCM for Lost Circulation • • • • • • 10-50 Y Y
COARSE
Environmentally-friendly
ECO FLUIDS
TURBO-CHEM INTERNATIONAL
ECOFIBER Fiber SLA • • • • • • 2 - 25 Y
SWELLCM Gelled, swelling, sealing agent • • • • • • Y
MUD SAVE M & F Thermoset rubber LCM • • • • • • 2 - 25 Y
INTERVENTION FLUIDS MUD SAVE SF Thermoset rubber SLA • • • • • • 2 - 25 Y
M-I SWACO STRATASEAL Specialty SLA • • • • • • 3 - 80 Y
High density displacing fluid for 17.5-20.5 STRATAPLUG High Fluid Loss Squeeze • • • • • • 10 - 50 Y
FLODENSE AP casing pressure remediation • ppg
IMPACT FLUID SOLUTIONS
Coiled tubing drilling / intervention
FLOPRO CT • • • 8.5-9.5 ppg Wellbore Stabilization/Invasion
fluid FLC 2000 • • • • • • 4-8 Y Y Y
Control
HT Coiled tubing drilling /
POWERPRO CT intervention fluid • • 8.5-9.5 ppg Wellbore Stabilization/Invasion
FLC FINE Control • • • • • • 4 - 10 Y Y Y
L O S S C I R C U L AT I O N , S E A L I N G M AT E R I A L S
Wellbore Stabilization/Invasion
AMERICAN GILSONITE CO. FLC SUPREME • • • • • • 5 - 10 Y Y Y
Control
Gilsonite Gilsonite • • 6-10 ppb Y Wellbore Stabilization/Invasion
Gilsonite HT Gilsonite Hgh Temperature • • 6-10 ppb Y FLC EXTREME • • • • • • 8 - 30 Y Y Y
Control
Gilsonite Aquasol Water Dispersible Gilsonite • • • • 6-10 ppb Y Wellbore Stabilization/Invasion
STAR SHIELD • • • • • • 5-8 Y Y Y
Water Dispersible Gilsonite Hgh Control
Gilsonite Aquasol HT • • • • 6-10 ppb Y
Temperature Wellbore Stabilization/Invasion
STAR SHIELD 500 • • • • • • 6 - 12 Y Y Y
BHGE Control
High-solids, high-fluid loss squeeze Wellbore Stabilization/Invasion
STAR SHIELD 3000 • • • • • • 10 - 35 Y Y Y
BAKER-SQUEEZ for use in moderate to severe lost • • • • Varies Control
circulation Lost circulation pill for severe
LCP 2000 • • • • • • 25-50 Y Y Y
BRIDGEFORM Single sack bridging solution • • • • 2-15ppb Y Y losses
Single sack bridging solution for Lost circulation pill for severe
BRIDGEFORM NS • • • • 2-15ppb Y ROCKBLOCK 3 • • • • • • 30-50 Y Y Y
North Sea losses
CHEK-LOSS Complex cellulosic LCM • • • • As needed Y Y Lost circulation pill for severe
ROCKBLOCK 5 • • • • • • 30-50 Y Y Y
Coarse, complexed cellulosic for losses
CHEK-LOSS COARSE • • • • • • As needed Y Y M&D INDUSTRIES OF LOUISIANA
loss of circulation
High-lignin cellulosic LCM DRILL XPRESS Liquid Viscosifier for WB Fluids • • • • Situational Y
CHEK-LOSS PLUS particularly for OBM/NAF with less • • As needed Y Y LIQUID BRIDGE PLUG Resin Based LCM Plug • • • • • • Situational
adverse effect on PV and ES POLY PLUG ULTRA Cross link polymer de-watering
Environmentally friendly cellulosic • • • • • • Situational
ECCO-FIBER Fine • • • • As needed SQUEEZE slurry
LCM ULTRA SEAL-C Coarse cellulosic fiber blend • • • • • • 15-25 Y
Environmentally friendly cellulosic ULTRA SEAL-PLUS Massive loss fiber LCM • • • • • • 25-40 Y
ECCO-FIBER Medium • • • • As needed
LCM
ULTRA SEAL-POLY PLUG Fibers and crosslink polymer • • • • • • Situational Y
Multiple grind size series of
FLOW-CARB SERIES • • • • Varies Y Y ULTRA SEAL-TG Tech grade cellulosic fibers • • • • • • 7-9 Y
calcium carbonate
KOMPRESS Single sack lost circulation solution • • • • Varies Y Y Y Cross link polymer temp.
ULTRA SEAL-XLA • • • • • • Situational
accelerator
Custom-engineered synthetic
LC-LUBE PLUS • • • • • • 2-8 ppb Y ULTRA SEAL-XLD Cross link mixing enhancer • • • • • • Situational
graphite/carbon blend
LC-LUBE SERIES Sized, synthetic graphite • • • • • • 2-8 ppb Y Y ULTRA SEAL-XLR Cross link polymer temp. retarder • • • • • • Situational Y
LC-SHIELD Sized, calcined petroleum coke • • • • • • 6-20 ppb ULTRA SEAL-XP Cellulosic fiber blend • • • • • • 5-7 Y
LC-SHIELD FINE Sized, calcined petroleum coke • • • • • • 6-20 ppb ULTRA SPACER High fluid loss mud spacer • • • • • • Hole dicates Y
Customized wellbore strengthening ULTRA SEAL CLEAR GEL Solids free cross link polymer • • • • • • Y
MAX-BRIDGE • • • • Varies M-I SWACO
and bridging system
High-compressive strength Fluid-loss system for perforating
MAX-LOCK • • Varies CLEANPERF • • System
setting pill operations
Deformable sealing polymer for High-performance, high-strength
MAX-SHIELD • • • • 2-5% vol Y FORM-A-BLOK • • • • • • 20-40 RED
wellbore strengthening blend
Deformable sealing polymer for High-efficiency, acid-soluble,
MAX-SHIELD NS wellbore strengthening in the • • • • 2-5% vol FybeCarb single-sack loss-prevention and • • • • • • 12-20
North Sea remedial material
MIL-CARB SERIES Sized ground calcium carbonate • • • • • • 1-50 ppb Y Y GrandeSeal Large fiber Particles • • • • • • 15-60 GRN Y
MIL-CEDAR FIBER Shredded cedar bark • • • • 5-10 ppb Y G-SEAL Coarse-sized graphite • • • • • • 15-20 GRN Y Y
Specially-ground bagasse fibers G-SEAL FINE Fine-sized graphite • • • • • • 15-20 GRN Y Y
MIL-FIBER • • • • Varies
LCM G-SEAL PLUS Coarse-sized plugging agent • • • • • • 15-20 GRN Y
MILFLAKE Shredded cellophane • • • • Varies Y

38 WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM | OFFSHORE   SEPTEMBER 2019

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 ENVIRONMENTAL DRILLING AND COMPLETIONS FLUIDS DIRECTORY •

PLONOR Listing Available

PLONOR Listing Available

HOCNF Classification

HOCNF Classification
Passed LC50 Test

Passed LC50 Test

Usage (lbs/bbl)

Usage (lbs/bbl)
Synthetic Fluid

Synthetic Fluid
Saturated Salt

Saturated Salt
Concentration

Concentration
Nondispersed

Nondispersed
Fresh Water

Fresh Water
Dispersed

Dispersed
Oil-Based

Oil-Based
Normal

Normal
PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION
G-SEAL PLUS C Blend for lost circulation and • • • • • • 15-20 YLW PAYZONE 532 Fine grind, acid soluble fiber • • • • Y
wellbore strengthening (MAGMAFIBER FINE)
M-I CEDAR FIBER Shredded cedar bark fiber • • • • 5-30 PAYZONE CARB PRIME Broad PSD - fine grind CaCO3 • • • • • Y
LCM for fractured or vugular PAYZONE CARB ULTRA Ultra fine grind, CaCO3 • • • • • Y
M-I SEAL formations • • • • • • 5-20
PAYZONE CLEANSEAL Cross Linked Gelled polymer • •
M-I-X II Ground cellulosic fibers • • • • • • 5-20 GRN Y Y Cross Linked Gelled polymer with
PAYZONE CLEANSEAL • •
NUT PLUG Ground nut shells • • • • • • 5-50 Y internal breaker
OPTISEAL I Loss prevention material • • • • • • 30-70 PAYZONE FLC FLEXSEAL Premixed gelled polymer pill • •
OPTISEAL II Loss prevention material • • • • • • 30-70 GRN Y PAYZONE FLC SLURRY Severe lost circulation pill • •
OPTISEAL III Loss prevention material • • • • • • 30-70 PAYZONE FLC Calcium carbonate pill • •
OPTISEAL IV Loss prevention material • • • • • • 30-70 GRN Y SMARTSEAL
WBM FL/damage control system PAYZONE FLC-CC Calcium carbonate pill • •
PERF-N-PEEL • • System
for perforated completions PAYZONE FLC-SS Sodium chloride pill •
SAFE-CARB Sized ground marble • • • • • • 10-50 GRN Y PAYZONE HPS High performance starch • • • • Y
SAFE-LINK Cross linked polymer (no zinc) • 32pails/10bbl PAYZONE SS PRIME Broad PSD - fine grind NaCl • • • Y
SAFE-LINK 110 Cross linked polymer (no zinc) • 32pails/10bbl PAYZONE SS ULTRA Ultra fine grind, NaCl • • • Y
SAFE-LINK 140 Cross linked polymer high density • 32pails/10bbl PAYZONE TBT-LT Oxidizer • •
SEAL-N-PEEL Removable loss control pill • • 8.4-17.5 ppg PAYZONE TBT-HT Oxidizer • •
VERSAPAC Thermally activated organic • • 5-30 TETRA FLEX 110 Cross Linked Gelled polymer • •
thixotrope TETRA FLEX 135 Cross Linked Gelled polymer • •
VERSATROL Naturally occurring asphalt • 2-8 RED TETRA SS PILL Pre-blended sized salt pill • • •
Filtration control additive TETRA SS COARSE Size controlled, coarse NaCl • • • Y
VINSEAL particularly effective in depleted • • • • • • 2-5 TETRA SS FINE Select grind, fine grind NaCl • • • Y
zones
TETRA SS MEDIUM Size controlled, med size NaCl • • • Y
NEWPARK DRILLING FLUIDS
TETRABREAK LTC Oxidizer • •
CYBERSEAL Fiberous seepage control agent • • • • • 2-10 Y
Pre-blended sized calcium
DYNAFIBER Micronized cellulose • • • • • • 4-40 Y TETRACARB PILL • • • • • • Y
carbonate pill
Wellbore stabilization loss TETRACARB COARSE Size controlled, coarse CaCO3 • • • • • • Y
FRACFIX • • • • • •
remediation blend
TETRACARB FINE Select grind, fine CaCO3 • • • • • • Y
NEWBRIDGE Sweep / bridging material • • • • • • 2-15 Y Y
TETRACARB FLAKE Sized calcium carbonate
NEWCARB Sized calcium carbonate • • • • • • 5-10 Y Y
TETRACARB MEDIUM Size controlled, medium CaCO3 • • • • • • Y
NEWCARB PLUS Sized marble calcium carbonate • • • • • •
TETRAVIS BREAKER Viscosity breaker • •
NEWPLUG Nut shell • • • • • • 2-20 Y
TETRAVIS EXTENDER Temperature stabilizer • •
NEWSEAL Sized carbonaceous seepage agent • • • • • • 5-15 Y
TURBO-CHEM INTERNATIONAL
Wellbore stabilization seepage loss
PREFIX • • • • • • 6-8 High solids, high fluid loss squeeze
control blend E Z SQUEEZE • • • • • • 32-100 ppb Y
material
Ground marble bridging additive,
TRUE-Carb range of particle size • • • • • • 5-10 Y Y PREMIUM SEAL Micronized cellulose fiber • • • • • • 4-50 ppb Y
Wellbore stabilization bridging FIRST RESPONSE Single sack sized particulate blend • • • • • • 15-60 ppb Y
PROPPFIX • • • • • • 5-15 SWELLCM Gelled, swelling, sealing agent • • • • • • 10 ppb Y
blend
X-PRIMA One-sack, high-solids squeeze • • • • • • Y SYN SEAL Seepage loss additive • • • • • • 10-50 ppb Y
NOV FLUIDCONTROL TURBO-PHALT Gilsonite/resin • • • • 4-10 ppb Y
BORE-SWELL Swelling LCM • • • As needed P O LY M E R B R E A K E R S
Cedar fiber Cedar fiber LCM • • • • • • As needed QMAX
Cottonseed hulls Ground cottonseed waste material • • • • As needed MAXBREAK S Enzyme type breaker • • • • As needed
Drilling paper Shreaded paper LCM • • • • As needed Viscosity and Filter cake breaker
QBREAK • • • • 1 - 2.5
Enviroplug Bentonite chips • • • • As needed fluid
KWIK SEAL Granules, flakes, fibers • • • • As needed Y QBREAK O Filter cake breaker for NAF • • 10 - 30%
Ground and sized high lignin QMAXBREAK Filter cake breaker fluid for WBM • • • • As needed
LCF Blend • • • • • • As needed
content cotton Acid generator for QMAXBREAK
QMAXBREAK A • • • • As needed
MAGMA FIBER Lost circulation material • • • • • • As needed system
MAXI SEAL Blended LCM • • • • As needed Starch enzyme for QMAXBREAK
QMAXBREAK S • • • • As needed
MICA Mica • • • • • • As needed Y system
Calcium carbonate, ground Xanthan enzyme for QMAXBREAK
NOV CARB • • • • • • As needed QMAXBREAK X • • • • As needed
and sized system
NOV FIBER Ground plant fibers • • • • As needed Y PA C K E R F L U I D S
NOV OBM SEAL LCM for use in NAF • • • • • As needed BHGE
NOV PLUG Nutshells • • • • • • As needed Oil-based gravel pack carrier
GeoPACK • Varies
system
SEAL-UP Blended LCM • • • • • • As needed
SUPER INSULGEL Insulating packer fluid for • • As needed
Shur-Plug Ground hardood chips for LCM • • • • As needed deepwater
Sawdust Shreaded wood chips • • • • As needed SHALE CONTROL
XP911 Carbon based LCM • • • • • • As needed AMERICAN GILSONITE CO.
Walnut Shells Walnut shells • • • • • • As needed Gilsonite Aquasol Water Dispersible Gilsonite • • • • 6-10 ppb Y
SLIPSEAL Blended carbon filtration control • • • • • • As needed Water Dispersible Gilsonite Hgh
additive Gilsonite Aquasol HT • • • • 6-10 ppb Y
Temperature
QMAX Gilsonite Gilsonite • • 6-10 ppb Y
CBMax Sealing agent • • • • 2-6 Gilsonite HT Gilsonite Hgh Temperature • • 6-10 ppb Y
GS SEAL Resilient graphite • • • • • • 2 - 15 BHGE
LCM MIX Mixture of sized LCM • • • • • • 15 - 40 Cloud-point glycol for shale control
LUBE-N-SEAL Graphite • • • • • • 4 - 15 AQUA-COL • • • 3-5% Y Y
in low-salinity systems
MAXFIBER Cellulosic fiber • • • • • • 3.5 - 8 Cloud-point glycol for shale control
AQUA-COL B • • 3-5% Y
QFIBER Cellulosic fiber • • • • 4-8 in medium-salinity systems
QMAX SQUEEZE High Fluid Loss pill • • • • • • As needed Cloud-point glycol for shale control
AQUA-COL D • • 3-5% Y
QMAXBRIDGE Resin • • • • • • As needed in high-salinity, HT systems
QMAXPLUG Cross-linked polymer LCM • • • • • • As needed Cloud-point glycol for shale control
AQUA-COL E in high-salinity, HT systems in • • 3-5% Y
QMAXPLUG A Accelerator for QMAXPLUG system • • • • • • As needed the UK
High Fluid Loss LCM pill - Acid Shale hydration and dispersion
QMAXPLUG AS • • • • • • As needed
Soluble CLAY-TROL inhibitor for water-based drilling • • • • 4-8 ppb Y
QMAXPLUG GEL Cross-linked polymer LCM • • • • • • As needed fluids
QMAXPLUG R Retarder for QMAXPLUG system • • • • • • As needed Asphaltic material, sized graphite
LATIMAGIC • • • • • 2-6 ppb
QMAXSEAL Cross-linked polymer LCM • • • • • • As needed and deformable polymer
QMAXSEAL A Activator for QMAXSEAL system • • • • • • As needed MAX-GUARD Clay hydration suppressant • • • • 2-4% vol Y
QMAXSEAL II High Fluid Loss pill • • • • • • As needed Clay hydration suppressant suitable
MAX-GUARD PLUS • • • • 2-4% vol Y
QMAXSEAL R Retarder for QMAXSEAL system • • • • • • As needed for North Sea operations
QPLUG Specialized LCM • • • • • • As needed MAX-GUARD XPR Economy clay hydration suppresant • • • • 2-6% vol Y
QSTOP (F,M,C) Cellulosic fiber • • • • • • 2-8 Aluminum and resin complex for
MAX-PLEX • • • • 1-5 ppb Y
shale stability
SMART SEAL Seepage control LCM for NAF • • • • 2-7
Liquid emulsion, high-molecular
TETRA TECHNOLOGIES, INC. NEW-DRILL • • • • 1.5-2% Y
weight PHPA
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE Oxidizer • • NEW-DRILL LV Powdered, low viscosity PHPA • • • • 1-3 ppb
PAYZONE 530 Low-viscosity PHPA polymer in
(MAGMAFIBER Med grind, acid soluble fiber • • • • Y NEW-DRILL LV STICK • • • • As needed
stick form
REGULAR)

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 • ENVIRONMENTAL DRILLING AND COMPLETIONS FLUIDS DIRECTORY

PLONOR Listing Available

PLONOR Listing Available

HOCNF Classification

HOCNF Classification
Passed LC50 Test

Passed LC50 Test

Usage (lbs/bbl)

Usage (lbs/bbl)
Synthetic Fluid

Synthetic Fluid
Saturated Salt

Saturated Salt
Concentration

Concentration
Nondispersed

Nondispersed
Fresh Water

Fresh Water
Dispersed

Dispersed
Oil-Based

Oil-Based
Normal

Normal
PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION
NEW-DRILL PLUS Powdered, high-molecular weight • • • • 1-3 ppb Y Y POLY-PLUS High m.w. PHPA polymer • • • 0.5-4 Y
PHPA POLY-PLUS DRY Dry PHPA polymer • • • 0.25-2
NEW-DRILL STICK PHPA polymer in stick form • • • • As needed Readily dispersible PHPA dry
Oil-free, proprietary, water- POLY-PLUS RD powder • • • 0.5-4
PROTECTOMAGIC M dispersible, blown petroleum • • • • 2-8 ppb POROSEAL Latex-modified starch polymer • • • 2-5vol% Y
asphalt SP-101 Sodium polyacrylate polymer • • • • 0.5-2 Y
Aluminum complex for shale Encapsulator for ULTRADRIL
SHALE-PLEX • • • • 1-4 ppb ULTRACAP • • 1.5-3 YLW Y
stability system
SULFATROL Sulfonated asphaltic material • • • • 2-6 ppb Y Polymeric shale inhibitor for
BOYSENBLUE/CELTEC INTERNATIONAL ULTRACAP PLUS • • 2-4
ULTRADRIL system
BLEN TROL • • • • • 4.0-8.0 Shale inhibitor for ULTRADRIL
ULTRAHIB • • 2-4 vol% Y
DEEP SOUTH CHEMICAL system
DD DRLG DETERGENT Detergent and wetting agent • 0.05 gal/bbl NEWPARK DRILLING FLUIDS
DRILLING SPECIALTIES CO. DEEPDRILL INHIBITOR Proprietary HPWB shale inhibitor • • • • 3-20 vol% Y Y
DRILLPAC HV POLYMER High viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y FLEXFIRM Potassium silicate shale stabilizer • • • • 0.25-2 Y
DRILLPAC LV POLYMER Low viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y HIPERM Amine shale inhibitor • • • 0.3-0.6 vol%
High temperature synthetic LST-MD Liquid sulfonated asphalt • • • • 2-3 vol%
DRISCAL D POLYMER • • • • 0.5-2.5 Y Y
polymer NEWPHASE Blend of polyglycerols • • 1-10
DRISPAC PLUS Dispersable HV polyanionic NEWPHALT Sulphonated asphalt blend • • • • • • 2-8
REGULAR cellulose • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y
NEWPHPA PHPA • • • • 0.2-2 Y
DRISPAC PLUS Dispersable LV polyanionic NEWPHPA D PHPA • • • • 0.25-1 Y
• • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y
SUPERLO cellulose
Low molecular weight anionic
DRISPAC REGULAR NEWPHPA DLMW PHPA • • • • 1-3 Y
High viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y
POLYMER
NEWPHPA DSL Very low molecular weight PHPA • • • • 1-4 Y
DRISPAC SUPERLO
POLYMER Low Viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.25-2.5 Y Y NEW100N Blend of polyglycerines • • • • • • 3-5 vol% Y Y
High temperature synthetic NOV FLUIDCONTROL
DRISTEMP POLYMER • • • • 0.5-2.5 Y Y ECOPHALT 300 Powdered Gilsonite • • • • • • 2-8 lbs/bbl Y
polymer
LIQUID DRISPAC ECOPHALT 350 Powdered Gilsonite • • • • • • 2-8 lbs/bbl
High viscosity polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.5-4.0 Y N
POLYMER Sulfonated asphalt/causticized
PAVE-PLEX • • • • • • 2-8 lbs/bbl
SOLTEX E ADDITIVE Sulfonated asphalt • • • • • • 2.0-6.0 Y Y lignite filtration control
SOLTEX ADDITIVE Sulfonated asphalt • • • • • • 2.0-6.0 Y Y C-BLOCK 12 filtration control additive • • • • • • 2-8 lbs/bbl
DRILL-SURE OBM POTASSIUM CHLORIDE Salt • • • • As needed
Multi purpose OBM Additive • • 0.75-6.0 Y Y
ADDITIVE STARTROL Asphalt blend • • • • 2-8 lbs/bbl
ECO FLUIDS Proprietary ROP enhancer / shale
TRAXX TC • • • • 0.5 % to 2%
CLAY KILL LMW polymer shale inhibitor • • • • 1 - 10 Y stabilizer
ECOGLYCOL H HMW glycol clay/shale inhibitor • • • • 2%-5% Y VAPR G Medium cloud point glycol • • • • 0.5 % to 2%
ECO PHPA Anionic dry shale inhibitor • • • • 0.25 - 1 Y VAPR S Low cloud point glycol • • • • 0.5 % to 2%
ECO PHPA-L Anionic emulsion shale inhibitor • • • • 0.5 - 2 VAPR P High cloud point glycol • • • • 0.5 % to 2%
EF-100N Polyglycerol shale inhibitor • • • • 5% - 20% Y Concentrated, reduced toxicity clay
INHIBI-TEMP CT stabilizer, KCl substitute • • • • 2 to 4 gpt
GUMBOTROL Gumbo Inhibitor • • • • 0.5-1 % Y
K-SUB KCL substitute • • • • 0,25 - 1 Y Temporary clay stabilizer, KCl
INHIBI-TEMP T • • • • 1 to 4 gpt
substitute
CLAY DRILL HMW polymer inhibitor • • • • 0.5-2.0 Y
Biodegradable, organic clay
STRATADRILL Amine clay inhibitor • • • • 4 - 10 Y INHIBI-TEMP C • • • • 2 to 10 gpt
stabilizer
ECONITE Liquid gilsonite • • • • 1 - 3% PERMA-HIB T-mac shale stabilizer • • • • 0.05 to 1%
IMPACT FLUID SOLUTIONS TRIPLE A Anti-accretion agent • • • • .5-3.0% Y
Shale Control/Clay Inhibitor - Low OLEON N.V.
STAR HIB PLUS Conductivity • • • • 2% - 5% Y Y
RADIAGREEN EBL Env. friendly ester based lubricant • • • • 1-3% Y N Y
Shale Control/Clay Inhibitor -
STAR HIB SF Chloride free • • • • 2% - 5% Y Y General purpose lubricant & ROP
RADIAGREEN EBO • • • • • • 4-6% Y N Y
enhancer
LAMBERTI SPA
RADIAGREEN EME SALT Lubricant for heavy brines • • • 1-3% Y N Y
BORESTAB 1040 Synthetic Borehole stabilizer • • 1-3%
RADIAGREEN SL Lubricant for pH system >10 • • • 2-5% Y N Y
BORESTAB BF27 Liquid gilsonite stabilizer • • • • 1-4%
PQ CORP.
DRILLAM EL Liquid PHPA encapsulator • • • • 0.3-3
N grade aqeuous sodium silicate • • • 5 - 35 Y Y
HYBSTAR AB Chloride free neutralized polyamine • • • • 1-3% Y Y
M grade aqeuous sodium silicate • • • 5 - 35 Y Y
Cost effective, hydration
HYBSTAR HS • • • • 1-3% Y Y D grade aqueous sodium silicate • • • 5 - 35 Y Y
suppressant
K PAC LOVIS Potassium low viscosity PAC • • • 0.2-3 Y G grade hydrous powder sodium silicate • • • 5-15 Y Y
K PAC REGULAR Potassium high viscosity PAC • • • 0.2-3 Y GA grade hydrous powder sodium silicate • • • 5-15 Y Y
Shale encapsulator and FL control GD grade hydrous powder sodium silicate • • • 5-15 Y Y
ONE-CAP FL • • • 0.5-2.0% QMAX
agent
Polyglycol inhibitor (Low cloud CLAYHIB MAX Amine based shale stabilizer • • • • 3-6
PAG 102 • • • • 3% Y
point) GLYMAX Glycol based shale stabilizer • • • • 3-6 Y
Polyglycol inhibitor (Medium GLYMAX HC High cloud point glycol • • • • 3-6
PAG 211 • • • • 3% Y Y
Cloud Point) GLYMAX LC Low cloud point glycol • • • • 3-6
M-I SWACO MAXPHALT L Liquid asphalt • • • • 7 - 17.5
AcreteBlok Antiaccretion additive • • 3-9% YLW Clay inhibitor for DRILSMOOTH
ASPHASOL D Sulfonated organic blend • • • 4-10 MMO HIB • • 2-5
system
ASPHASOL SUPREME Sulfonated asphalt • • • • • 2-8 Y QDRILLTEX Sulphonated asphalt • • • • • • 3-8
readily dispersible liquid asphaltite QM11 Shale stabilization agent • • • • 4.5- 20%
BLACK FURY • • • 2-4%
suspension QM11 D Dry shale stabilizing agent • • • • 4-8
DRILPLEX Viscosifier for DRILPLEX system • • 1-3 GRN Y Y QM12 Silicate shale stabilizer • • • • 5 - 20%
Polyalkylene glycol with low QMAX ACF Amine based shale stabilizer • • • • 3-8
GLYDRIL LC • • • • 7-17.5
cloud point
QMAXDRILL Amine based shale stabilizer • • • • 2-6 Y
Polyalkylene glycol with medium
GLYDRIL MC • • • • 7-17.5 YLW Y TETRA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
cloud point
HydraCap Encapsulating additive • • 0.5-4 PAYZONE STAY Clay Stabilizer • •
High-performance water-based PAYZONE STRATAFIX Shale/clay stabilizer • •
HydraGlyde • • System TURBO-CHEM INTERNATIONAL
drilling fluid system
HydraHib Shale inhibitor • • 1.5-6% TURBO-PHALT Gilsonite/resin • • • • 4-10 ppb Y
IDCAP D Polymeric shale inhibitor • • 1-4 SPOTTING FLUIDS, LUBRICANTS
Non-chloride potassium BHGE
K-52 • • • • 1-5
supplement Differential sticking preventative for
AQUA-MAGIC • • • • 2-4% vol Y
KLA-CURE Hydration suppressant • • • 4-8 Y depleted zones
Shale inhibitor & hydration BIO-DRILL Polyol-based drilling/ROP enhancer • • • • 2-4% vol Y
KLA-GARD • • • 4-8 Y
suppressant Non-hydrocarbon, low toxicity
BIO-SPOT • • • • As needed Y
KLA-HIB Liquid amine shale inhibitor • • • 4-10 spotting fluid
KLA-STOP Shale inhibitor • • • 2-4vol% Y BLACK MAGIC Oil-base spotting fluid • • • • As needed
KLA-STOP NS Shale inhibitor • • • 2-4vol% BLACK MAGIC PHALT Spotting fluid without asphalt • • • • • • As needed
M-I PAC R Pure PAC polymer, technical grade • • • 2-5 GRN Y Y FREE
PAC polymer, low viscosity, BLACK MAGIC SFT Oil-base spotting fluid concentrate • • • • As needed
M-I PAC UL • • • 2-5 GRN Y Y LATILUBE High temperature lubricant • • • 2-4% vol
technical grade
POLYPAC R Polyanionic cellulose • • • • 0.5-2 GRN Y Y LATIMAGIC Wellbore stabilizer and lubricant • • • 5-10 ppb
POLYPAC UL PAC, ultra-low viscosity • • • • 0.5-2 GRN Y Y

40 WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM | OFFSHORE   SEPTEMBER 2019

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 ENVIRONMENTAL DRILLING AND COMPLETIONS FLUIDS DIRECTORY •

PLONOR Listing Available

PLONOR Listing Available

HOCNF Classification

HOCNF Classification
Passed LC50 Test

Passed LC50 Test

Usage (lbs/bbl)

Usage (lbs/bbl)
Synthetic Fluid

Synthetic Fluid
Saturated Salt

Saturated Salt
Concentration

Concentration
Nondispersed

Nondispersed
Fresh Water

Fresh Water
Dispersed

Dispersed
Oil-Based

Oil-Based
Normal

Normal
PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION PRODUCT NAME DESCRIPTION
LATIRATE Rate of penetration enhancer and • • • 2-4% vol LUBE-776 Lubricant for LSND muds • 1-3 vol% Y
lubricant for water-based fluids PIPE-LAX Stuck pipe surfactant • • • • • 8.3
LC-GLIDE Spherical carbon material for • • • • • • 2-12 ppb Y Y PIPE-LAX ENV Low-toxicity stuck pipe solution • • • • 100%
torque and drag reduction SAFE-LUBE Water-soluble brine lubricant • 0.6vol%
Custom-engineered synthetic SCREENKLEEN Screen cleaner for drilling tar sands 100%
LC-LUBE PLUS graphite/carbon blend • • • • • • 2-8 ppb
SIL-LUBE Lubricant for SILDRIL system • • 1-3%
LC-LUBE SERIES Sized, synthetic graphite • • • • • • 2-8 ppb Y Y
STARGLIDE Lubricant for WBMs • • • • 1-3 vol% YLW
LUBE-622 Ester-based lubricant for WBM • • • • 2-4% vol Y
STAR-LUBE II Brine Lubricant • 2 vol%
Environmentally acceptable ester-
LUBE-643 based lubricant • • • • 2-4% vol Y ROP Enhancer for the ULTRADRIL
ULTRAFREE • • • 1-2 vol%
system
Spherical glass drilling bead used
MIL-GLIDE • • • • • • 2-6 ppb NEWPARK DRILLING FLUIDS
as a boundary lubricant
Spherical copolymer drilling bead ACCELERATION Brine and WBM Lubricant • 0.5-2.5 vol%
MIL-GLIDE CP • • • • • • 2-12 ppb Metal-on metal lubricant for
used as a boundary lubricant DIRECT • • 3-18
Fine spherical co-polymer drilling coiled tubing
MIL-GLIDE CP FINE • • • • • • 2-12 ppb DYNAFREE Blend of lubricants and surfactants • • • • Y
bead
Graded graphite used primarily to One-sack blend of emulsifiers
MIL-GRAPHITE • • • • • • 5-20 ppb DYNAVERT SFT & gellants • • • •
enhance lubricity and sliding
Vegetable oil-base boundary and HPHT drilling performance
MIL-LUBE • • • • 2-4% vol Y EVOLUBE G • • • 0.5-6 vol%
extreme pressure lubricant enhancer
NAVI-LUBE Low-pour point lubricant • • • • 2-4% vol EVOLUBE S Modified ester ROP enhancer • • • • Y
NF2 Gas hydrate inhibitor • • • • 10-40% Y Y Y EVOLUBE TR HPWB lubricant/torque reducer • • • 0.5-6 vol%
Lubricant for invert emulsion 1-4
OMNI-LUBE drilling fluids • • 2.5-4% vol NEWSAFE LUBE NSF/ANSI 60 certified lubricant • • • quarts/100
EP lubricant for invert emulsion gal
OMNI-LUBE V2 • • 2-5% vol Y OPTILUBE OBM Lubricant •
drilling fluids
ROP enhancer & anti-bit balling/ TOPSPOT Non-toxic organic blend • • • • Y
PENETREX • • • • 2-3% vol
accretion additive NOV FLUIDCONTROL
PENETREX NS ROP enhancer—designed for North • • • • 2-3% vol Y ECO-SPOT Environmentally safe spotting fluid • • • • as needed Y
Sea applications ENVIRO-SLIK Pipe-on-pipe lubricant for brines • • • • as needed
Anti-bit balling, ROP enhancer for FRICTION-EZE General purpose drilling lubricant • • • • 0.5 to 4%
TERRA-RATE • • • • 1-4% vol
water-based drilling fluids
HDL Plus Premium drilling lubricant, brine • • • • • • 1 to 3%
Environmentally-acceptable
TEQ-LUBE II • • • 3-5% vol Y DL-100 Premium drilling lubricant • • • • • • 0.5 to 4%
lubricant for WBM
Environmentally-acceptable STIK-FREE Diesel-based spotting fluid • • • • As needed
TEQ-LUBE NS • • • 3-5% vol Y Diesel-based spotting fluid with
lubricant for WBM in the North Sea STIK-FREE W • • • • As needed
BOYSENBLUE/CELTEC INTERNATIONAL viscosifier
MEGA SLIDE (C) • • • • • • 10.0-30.0 Environmentally friendly spotting
STIK-FREE ECO fluid • • • • As needed
SUPER SLIDE (M) • • • • • • 10.0-30.0
Environmentally friendly spotting
BLEN SEAL • • • • • • 4.0-8.0 STIK-FREE ECO W • • • • As needed
fluid with viscosifier
BLEN SQUEEZE • • • • • • 10.0-15.0 0.25 to 4
BLEN PLEX • • • • • • Depends ULTRA-BEADS CP Copolymer beads • • • • • •
lbs/bbl
PETROBLEN C • • • • • • 5.0-10.0 0.25 to 4
ULTRA-BEADS G Glass beads • • • • • • lbs/bbl
ECO FLUIDS
ECOFREE Pipe freeing agent • • • • General purpose drilling lubricant,
LUBRA-EZE • • • • 1 to 3% Y
DRILLFAST ROP enhancer • • • • 4-8 Y brine
STRATABEADS Glass beads • • • • • • 10 - 40 OLEON N.V.
STRATALUBE Glycol EP lubricant • • • • 2% - 6% Y RADIAGREEN EBL Env. friendly ester based lubricant • • • • 1 - 3% Y N Y
LAMBERTI SPA General purpose lubricant and ROP
RADIAGREEN EBO enhancer • • • • • • 4 - 6% Y N Y
DRILQUICK AC PLUS ROP enhancer, anti accretion • • • • 1-3%
RADIAGREEN EME SALT Lubricant for heavy brines • • • 1 - 3% Y N Y
EMULUBE OBM Effective OBM lubricant • • 1-3% Y Y
RADIAGREEN SL Lubricant for pH system >10 • • • 2 - 5% Y N Y
Top range lubricant for salty
FRONLUBE 100 environment • • • • • • 1-3% RADIAGREEN EBS General purpose ester lubricant • • • • 1 - 5% N N Y
FRONLUBE 200 Top range, ester based lubricant • • • • • • 1-3% Drilling Lube Lubricant for OBM • • 1 - 4% Y N Y
FRONLUBE 300 Top range, ester based lubricant • • • • 1-3% Y Y Lubricant, Anti-accretion agent
Q-Drill • • • • 2 - 5% N
for WBM
Sub micro particle based liquid
IPERLUBE • • • • 1-3% Well.O LLX General purpose lubricant • • • • 1 - 5% N N Y
lubricant
Environmental friendly lubricant for General purpose lubricant and ROP
LUBRICANT EHB • • • • 1-3% Well.O MLX enhancer • • • • • • 4 - 6% Y N Y
heavy brines
LUBRICANT EP Extreme pressure lubricant • • • • 1-3% Well.O TLX Lubricant for heavy brines • • • 1 - 3% Y N Y
LUBRICANT ER For dispersed system • 1-3% BLACK SPOT Spotting fluid (dry) • • • • As needed
LUBRICANT F/458 Lubricant for high temperature • • • • 1-3% MAX ROP ROP enhancer • • • • 6-9
LUBRICANT SL Lubricant for silicate fluids • • • • 1-3% MAXBEADS Solid lubricant • • • • • • As needed
Environmentally friendly brine MAXLUBE EB Ester-based lubricant • • • • 3-9
LUBRICANT CBR 600 • • • • 1-3% Y Y MAXLUBE R Vegetable oil-based lubricant • • • • 3-6
soluble
Cost effective, environmentally MAXLUBE SIL Lubricant for silicates systems • • 3-9
LUBRICANT 29 • • • • 1-3%
friendly lubricant MAXRELEASE Spotting fluid • • • • As needed
Pipe freeing agent for unweighted Lubricant for PERFORMANCE
PRESANTIL • • • • • • 5-20 PERFORMANCE LUBE III • • 3-6
spotting fluids systems
Environmental friendly pipe- QDRILL UP ROP enhancer • • • • 3-6
PRESANTIL FDP • • • • • • 5-20
freeing agent Spotting fluid eliminate the
PRESANTIL OBM Effective OMB pipe-freeing agent • • 5-20 QFREE • • • • 3%
differential sticking
Pipe freeing agent for weighted Spotting fluid - Environmentally
PRESANTIL W • • • • • 30 QFREE ENV • • • • As needed
spotting fluids friendly
Non flammable pipe freeing agent QFREE HWT Spotting fluid - Weighted • • • • As needed
PRESANTIL WNF • • • • • • 30-50
(weighted) QLUBE Vegetable oil-based lubricant • • • • 3-9 Y
M-I SWACO QMAXLUBE HP Extreme pressure lubricant • • • • 3-6
ALPINE SPOTTING QROP ROP enhancer • • • • 3-9
Lubricating beads • • • • 8-12
BEADS
TETRA TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Bakken Xpress Harsh brine drilling fluids lubricant • 3%
CT 100 FR Friction reducer •
D-D Drilling detergent • • • • 0.5-6 Y
CT 200 FR Friction reducer •
Polyalkylene glycol with low
GLYDRIL LC • • • • 7-17.5 CT FOAM Coil tubing additive • •
cloud point
Polyalkylene glycol with medium PAYZONE FLC SLICK Solids free pill • •
GLYDRIL MC • • • • 7-17.5 YLW Y PAYZONE SMARTSEAL
cloud point Solids free pill • •
G-SEAL Coarse sized graphite • • • • • • 15-20 GRN Y Y PAD
HydraSpeed ROP-enhancing primary lubricant • • 1-3vol% PAYZONE STRATA GLIDE Lubricant • •
Intra LUBE Encapsulated Lubricant • • • • 10-14 TETRAGLIDE CT Water-soluble brine lubricant •
Lubricant for FLOPRO system TURBO-CHEM INTERNATIONAL
LOTORQ • • • • 1-3 vol% TURBO-LUBE XLT Lubricant • • • • • 1-4% Y
in Alaska
LUBE OB Lubricant for OB mud • 1-3vol% YLW TURBO-SPOT Stuck Pipe Freeing Agent • • • • • • Y
LUBE 1017 OB Lubricant for OB mud • 1-3vol% FOOTNOTES: PLONOR STATUS ONLY GIVEN FOR MATERIALS REGISTERED FOR USE IN THE NORTH SEA;
LUBE EXE Enhanced ester lubricant • • • • 1-3vol% M-I SWACO CLASSIFICATION IS FOR NORWAY
LUBE XLS Extreme pressure lubricant • • • • 1-6vol%
LUBE-167 Lower-toxicity lubricant • • • • 4-16 Y

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 • ENGINEERING, CONSTRUCTION, & INSTALLATION

Subsea oil storage provides

alternative development option
Solan project shows effectiveness for stranded, medium-sized fields

BRUCE BEAUBOUEF, MANAGING EDITOR

SUBSEA STORAGE may provide a

cost-effective field development option
for temporarily storing produced oil.
This option is attractive in fields where
discovered reserves do not justify the
construction of new pipelines; and in
areas where there is no existing pipeline
infrastructure.
Although not new in concept – the
idea goes back at least to the 1960s – the
design has been employed in the Solan
oil field, located in 135 m of water in the
UK North Sea, west of Shetland. The sys-
tem has been operating successfully since
the field was placed online in April 2016.
At the Solan field, produced oil is
stored in a specially designed steel sub-
sea oil storage tank (SOST) that is located
~300 m from the platform. Oil is trans- At the Solan field, produced oil is stored in a specially designed steel subsea oil storage
ferred from the tank to shuttle tankers, tank (SOST) that is located ~300 m from the platform. (Courtesy Atkins)
and then to market.
The relatively remote field was devel- The engineering contractor Atkins provided technical support for the Solan subsea
oped with four subsea wells tied back oil storage tank project, from concept development work to FEED and then detailed
to a single slim jacket with a minimum design work.
facility topsides. The subsea oil storage The multiple-compartment SOST is capable of holding almost 300,000 bbl of sta-
tank concept was described by Premier bilized oil; it has an in-air weight of ~10,100 tonnes and internal dimensions of 45 m
Oil officials in an SPE paper that focused x 45 m x 25 m. The oil is offloaded to a shuttle tanker through a single anchor load-
on its operation one year after it had been ing system with the offloading hose stored on the seabed, which is picked up using a
commissioned (SPE-186161-MS). Accord- pennant line. Oil export to the tanker is driven by hydrostatic displacement by treated
ing to Premier Oil, besides the SOST, the seawater from the topsides.
development includes several innova- This operation is conducted while oil is being produced to the SOST. Premier Oil
tive features such as full automation, says that the tank design has novel features for installation, oil-water interface man-
which enables full remote control from agement, and corrosion monitoring and subsea inspection.
an onshore control room in Aberdeen. The tank’s detailed design and construction phase involved some significant
The concept selection of the SOST was changes as the structural and fatigue life issues were fully analyzed and implemented.
driven by several factors including HSE, The installation required significant pre-planning with the use of a large lifting sling
life cycle cost, and operational consider- arrangement and a smart air venting and water ballasting system, to then land its
ations for this modest-sized development eight skirt piles to a tight tolerance on the seabed.
that was also located in a harsh marine Following a commissioning program and trial tanker offload using treated seawa-
setting. Premier Oil officials assessed the ter alone, the SOST has now successfully undergone numerous oil fill and tanker off-
alternative option of developing the field load operations. Premier Oil says that there have been lessons learned with regard to
with a subsea well and an FPSO alternate, the offloading operations, but adds that to date the concept has worked in a manner
but selected the SOST based on environ- close to expectation with a full tank offload achieved in less than ~36 hours.
ment and cost.

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 ENGINEERING, CONSTRUCTION, & INSTALLATION •

OTHER SYSTEMS
Oilfield services and equipment provider National Oilwell Varco (NOV) is advancing its
own Subsea Storage Unit (SSU) solution, which it says enables storage of crude oil, chem-
icals and produced water on the subsea floor.
The company says that the SSU is a gravity-based storage unit that employs a flexible
bag protected by a dome, a design that it says helps ensure long-term competitiveness
and continued profitable development of the petroleum resources. According to NOV, the
system offers a safe, cost-effective method of developing subsea fields in extreme weather
zones or in the Arctic where ice is prevalent. 

NOV is advancing the Subsea Storage Unit solution, which it says enables storage of crude
oil, chemicals and produced water on the subsea floor. (Courtesy NOV)

The SSU consists of a collapsible bag containing the entire stored volume, which elim-
inates contact between stored medium and sea water. The bag is protected by a protec-
tion structure (dome) which accommodates the entire volume. Hence, there is no need
to design against pressure and the unit can be deployed at any water depth. 
NOV says that the subsea storage system can be applied during well testing and early
production start-up; and that storage capacity can be added as the production rate
increases. The storage is flexible in size depending on field needs during development,
expansion and end of field.
Perth-based Tensa Equipment has developed a concrete subsea storage tank (CSST)
that is designed for oil export to shuttle tankers. The company says that the CSST can
give operators the ability to install and readily relocate a storage unit to alternative field
locations at minimal cost. Special features include the ability to moor an offtake tanker to
the storage tank, the incorporation of a membrane to separate the oil and ballast water,
and no requirement for additional ballast even when used in cyclone prone locations. •

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 • PRODUCTION OPERATIONS
‘Gas-to-Wire’ opens options for
declining or stranded gas fields
Concept best suited to redevelopments in milder environments
JEREMY BECKMAN, EDITOR, EUROPE
STRANDED OFFSHORE gas fields are what they are because of
the challenges involved in bringing the resource to market. Shell
and Petronas have had some success with floating LNG on mid-
size fields off Australia and Malaysia. But other FLNG projects
have collapsed after hitting financial and regulatory roadblocks.
Marginal Field Development Co. (MFDevCo) has come up
with an alternative proposal, ‘Gas-to-Wire’, targeted at stranded
offshore gas accumulations that would otherwise stand little
chance of development, due mainly to infrastructure constraints.
The concept entails adapting platforms serving reservoirs with
falling production rates to a new role, converting gas from the
existing field and potentially nearby fields, developed or unde-
The Gas-to-Wire concept. (Courtesy MFDevco)
veloped, to electrical power. This would be exported through a
subsea cable to the shore for onward delivery to the national grid
– or, alternatively, the cable could be connected to an offshore
wind farm in the vicinity, employing ullage in the system or pro-
viding back-up power during calm conditions.
According to the company, the arrangement would benefit the
platform owners, allowing them to defer the cost of decommis-
sioning; the partners in the satellite gas fields; host governments
looking to maximize their country’s offshore resources; and local
utilities seeking to strengthen security of their energy supply.
TURNKEY ‘PACKAGE’
MFDevCo, based in Manchester, UK, heads a consortium of inter-
national engineering contractors that can provide turnkey deliv-
ery of minimal facilities development projects, such as normally
unattended installations, from design and engineering through
construction, installation, operations, decommissioning, and
44
1909OFF44-46.indd 44
redeployment. Its better-known members include Arup, Aibel,
and Kongsberg Maritime and the focus initially was primarily on
the development of stranded oil assets. The track record of the
consortium members includes engineering and delivery of the
self-installing fixed tower for Shell Todd’s Maui B platform in the
Taranaki basin offshore New Zealand. In addition, MFDevCo has
this year entered into arrangements with companies that bring
the specific experience required to deliver Gas-to-Wire projects,
and has the capability to help secure or contribute financing of
projects and to take equity positions.
Gas-to-Wire (GTW) is said to maximize economic recovery of
gas resources by eliminating the reliance on pipeline networks,
instead converting the gas to a commodity (electricity) that can
be exported to shore more efficiently and at lower cost to satisfy
local demand. The concept capitalizes on existing assets such
as nearby platforms and power infrastructure, combined with
an emphasis on cost-effective operations, with a view to creat-
ing commercially and technically sound development solutions.
In January this year, MFDevCo entered a collaboration agree-
ment on GTW with Italian shipping conglomerate Marnavi Off-
shore. The two parties later signed a letter of intent to form a
Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) that would facilitate delivery
of GTW projects as a ‘package’ – including the export route –
securing financing on the same lines as shipping financing. More
recently, MFDevco formed a separate agreement with Petrofac to
jointly pursue opportunities for the recovery or redevelopment of
marginal gas fields in UK waters. Petrofac, through its Engineering
and Production Services division, is providing engineering sup-
port and assisting feasibility studies and screening of potential
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8/30/19 1:23 PM

opportunities. Siemens’ Dresser-Rand
business has also come onboard, agree-
ing to supply the platform-based turbines
that would convert the gas to electricity.
So, what type and size of field are
the partners pursuing? “We don’t spec-
ify a range in terms of gas volumes,” said
MFDevCo managing director Alison
Pegram. “Scenarios can vary, such as the
field’s location, distance to the shore and
other infrastructure. Or there could be
fluids associated with the gas that require
processing. It also depends on the opera-
tor and their position, or that of the field
owners. There may be unlicensed fields
or others held by operators, close to infra-
structure, but which are not producing
for whatever reason. Any of these could
provide an opportunity that might fit our
model.”
“We are not looking to take over off-
shore gas fields per se. But we might take
an interest in a field via our private financ-
ing vehicle, with Petrofac assuming the
role of duty holder of the offshore instal-
lation, as it does throughout the UK North
Sea. For some of the projects we have been
investigating, there are companies that
are interested in remaining as operator of
the license, with Petrofac as duty holder.
And there are others that don’t want this.”
The North Sea, which according to Brit-
ain’s Oil & Gas Authority has the world’s
greatest concentration of undeveloped
marginal fields, appears best suited to
GTW. “However, we can look at opportu-
nities anywhere,” Pegram stressed. “There
needs to be a combination of in-place gas
resources and a local market for power.
The North Sea and the UK are applicable
because of the present stage of the basin’s
lifecycle. There are numerous fields where
gas has been exported through pipelines
to the shore for many years, and vol-
umes are declining. That in turn intro-
duces changes to the flow characteristics
through the pipeline, pushing up operat-
ing expenditure.
“Many North Sea fields are produc-
ing gas on a traditional basis, and in the
southern North Sea, there are a lot of nor-
mally unattended installations. Convert-
ing these for Gas-to-Wire would mean
simplifying the process on the platforms
to bring down opex costs going forward
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PRODUCTION OPERATIONS •
“Scenarios can vary, such as the field’s location,
distance to the shore and other infrastructure.
Or there could be fluids associated with the
gas that require processing.”— Alison Pegram,
MFDevCo managing director
– for instance by removing the compressors used to
export the gas – then installing the turbines to convert
the gas to power, and the subsea cables to take it to the
shore or a nearby wind farm. All the replacement sys-
tems would be established technology, fully proven in a
marine environment.”
Gas compositions and levels of purity can vary widely,
but this is not an insurmountable issue, Pegram said. “Modern gas-driven turbines are
fairly robust. Offshore, they are most efficient where the gas contains a high percentage
of pure, dry methane, but they can also take a certain fraction of hydrogen sulfide or car-
bon dioxide. Depending on the level you can also get around that with pre-processing
of the gas, as might be the case in a traditional processing arrangement.”
Most of the projects MFDevCo and its partners have been discussing with inter-
ested parties are redevelopments, she added, “where there are offshore facilities that we
could re-use or re-condition to accommodate the equipment we would need. Petrofac
has relevant experience in design and engineering, as well as operations.” An alterna-
tive approach could be to replace the offshore installation altogether. “There are cases
where we have proposed our own platform designs, although that would depend on
the location and the water depth.
“But our main focus is on redeveloping an existing facility, and we are confident that
we can do this cost-effectively. Redevelopment provides an economic benefit to offshore
operators, enhancing the life of the field as opposed to the alternative of decommission-
ing and all the large associated costs. The entire methodology of Gas-to-Wire is driven
by the need to bring costs down. As an example, with Siemens onboard, we can lease
the turbines instead of committing to an outright purchase. And removing some of the
equipment needed for gas export purposes also reduces maintenance costs.
“Our interests and objectives are fully aligned with those of our co-venturers Siemens,
Marnavi and Petrofac, and there are incentives for these companies to look at new ways
of reducing costs, because doing so can lead to repeat projects.”
For a project to be financially sound there would have to be a minimum base case of
typically eight to 10 years duration, Pegram explained, perhaps tying in additional gas
Typical Siemens turbine for retrofit for a Gas-to-Wire development. (Courtesy Siemens)
8/30/19 1:23 PM
 • PRODUCTION OPERATIONS

resources nearby to strengthen the economics. “Or there might be other companies North Sea is more benign, and the envi-
interested in applying Gas-to-Wire to similar fields in the area, and they could assist in ronment is favorable in other prospective
the negotiations. In certain cases, they might by necessity be dealing with other com- regions for Gas-to-Wire, such as parts of
panies if their pipeline is the sole possible export route and they may be looking for an West Africa and Asia/Pacific.
alternative.” “MFDevCo has all the required design
Location of the gas is another factor. “Ideally, the subsea power cable would be no and engineering capabilities and with
more than 40 km [25 mi] long, because the longer the length of cable needed to take our new partnerships, we can cover all
the power to a wind farm or the onshore substation, the higher the associated costs angles that we’re looking at currently. At
will be. In that case, justification for the investment would be determined by the size some point, when the program enters a
of the resource and the length of the project. We are talking to a cable manufacturer different phase, we might have to bring
about the potential scenarios. With AC cables, you don’t really want to be looking at a in some supplementary capability, but
distance of more than 60-70 km [37-43 mi], and some wind farms around the southern we can do things cost-efficiently and our
North Sea gas basin are farther out than that. However, wind farm infrastructure is con- set-up is relatively lean, so we don’t want
stantly increasing, so three years from now, what is currently considered ‘stranded’ gas to change that.
might be different. There are alternative approaches that can be used for longer lines, “Apart from the cables, Siemens has
but they can also impact efficiency and cost-effectiveness.” the entire electrical side covered with its
The southern North Sea has an extensive network of flowlines and pipelines, but existing equipment designs. Petrofac has
MFDevCo does not foresee any major issues for cable crossings. “Marnavi has a joint design and engineering and huge experi-
venture with Next GeoSolutions which is a company that has experience in geotechnical ence in managing operations at numer-
site surveys. There is a lot of infrastructure on the seafloor that needs to be taken into ous fields in the southern North Sea, plus
account, but if you’re retrofitting a platform that has an existing pipeline corridor, you an onshore base which it uses to oper-
can simply retrace the route of the pipeline and use that same corridor for the power ate some of the facilities, because a lot of
cable, after going through the normal risk assessments for HSE purposes. SNS facilities are normally unattended.
“The local environment also influences the project cost. The southern part of the Depending on the size of the platform, our
intention would be to minimize manning
where possible for our projects. Marnavi
is an Italian family-owned shipping com-
HRM FOR THE pany – its Marnavi Offshore division has
anchor handler vessels, and they are con-
OIL & GAS INDUSTRY stantly adding units to their fleet. We also
have relationships with cable companies
that could provide a turnkey supply and
An in-depth look at human installation service. As for financing Gas-
resource management for to-Wire projects, we hope to have our SPV
all aspects of the oil and gas in place shortly which is expected to take
sector. Managing Human
Resources in the Oil & Gas whatever interest might be appropriate in
Industry will help: the field in question and raise the finance
ï Guide managers in the oil and required to develop it.”
gas sector on how to better Support for Gas-to-Wire in the UK
manage their employees appears to be gathering momentum fol-
ï Explain ways to deal lowing the publication of a study into its
effectively with the potential by the Oil & Gas Authority in
complexities of globalization September 2018. “We’ve had a great deal
ï Describe numerous ways to of interest since announcing our gas-to-
foster a safety culture wire initiative from operators who recog-
ï Show how effective nize the potential it has to maximize the
410 Pages/Hardcover/2016 managment of human recovery of gas resources and defer the
resources can improve decommissioning of their assets,” Pegram
project success said, “and we have selected a small number
of projects to focus on where gas-to-wire
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2greener’ transition towards a zero or low
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carbon future.” •

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In-situ valve inspection. (All images courtesy EM&I)
Inspection advances improving integrity,
service life of floating platforms
Techniques include remote analysis of FPSO hulls
DANNY CONSTANTINIS, EM&I GROUP
FLOATING PLATFORMS are increasing in number and complex-
ity, particularly in deepwater environments. However, operating
these assets is also becoming more of a challenge due to the dif-
ferent production requirements and evolving marine standards.
Early units were designed for a five-year drydocking cycle, but
this has proven to be operationally untenable and in fact unnec-
essary. With newer units the target can be 25 years or more of
uninterrupted service, and operators and owners have developed
integrity, inspection and maintenance strategies to enable safe
and economic operations for extended periods.
In this lower oil price era, the increased focus on cost reduc-
tion, without compromising safety, has led the industry to adopt
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PRODUCTION OPERATIONS •
radically new ways of operating using robotic and digitization
methods to reduce human intervention for routine or hazard-
ous tasks.
Co-operation and consensus between industry experts is the
key to this process and the establishment of common standards,
particularly for safety. Reducing the need for divers and weath-
er-dependent activities, and for personnel working in hazardous
areas - at height or in confined spaces - have been the main driv-
ers. The various initiatives have helped cut costs by (50%) and
Personnel Onboard (POB) by 70%, with improved efficiency. That
is due in large part to the fact that the methods developed are
implemented while the offshore assets are on station, on hire,
8/30/19 1:23 PM
 • PRODUCTION OPERATIONS

and in operation, so avoiding out-of-ser-

vice, shutdown costs and penalties.
Industry organizations such as HITS
(Hull Inspection Techniques and Strat-
egy) have brought together individuals
from operators, classification societies,
service providers, and academic institu-
tions to address challenges such as div-
er-less hull inspection and maintenance,
robotic inspection of tanks, and minimiz-
ing tank cleaning needs.
The rapid growth of the floating gas
sector has introduced different challenges.
For example, the proximity of FSRUs to
population centers raises potential safety
and environmental hazards that are dif-
ferent to those facing assets many miles ROV-cleaned links.
from land. This has become a growing pre-
occupation for the industry and was the
theme of the FPSO Forum in Singapore
Camera deployment for
earlier this year. One outcome was the for- inspection in confined
mation of the FLOGAS (Floating Gas) joint space offshore.
industry project (JIP), the main aim being
to identify and foster solutions to integ-
rity issues facing the nearshore vessels.
The oil and gas industry has made
strides in formulating strategies for inspec-
tion and repair of pressure systems and
electrical equipment. Adapting technol-
ogy developed by other sectors such as
medical, civil, nuclear and even forestry,
has allowed the industry to fasttrack solu-
tions to a Technical and Business Ready
stage. So, what has been achieved to date?
Diver-less inspections of hull and sea
valves, using multi-purpose Integrity Class
ROVs, are now proven and commercially
available. Diver-less repairs of valves, cais-
sons and hull shell plating is also estab-
lished. One key factor has been the ability (9,842-ft) water depth capability, to inspect and measure mooring system status via
to deploy a variety of tools on the ROV photogrammetry and optical sensors.
such as cavitation blasters to clean under- Conventional cathodic protection is performed by sacrificial anodes or impressed
water components, avoiding the damage current systems, both of which require diver intervention to maintain their integrity over
caused to coatings by mechanical clean- the life cycle of the asset. However, a new class-approved solution is due to be installed
ing tools. on an FPSO in the North Sea which employs a retractable anode system. This can be
Other advances include Integrity Class fitted to new assets or retrofitted to existing ones without affecting normal operations.
ROVs equipped with cavitation cleaning, The anode position under the hull keeps it safe from mechanical damage but allows it
calipers and laser chain angle measure- to be withdrawn for inspection, cleaning and/or replacement as required.
ment tools. For the tight spaces around the Remote inspection of confined spaces is evolving rapidly with robotic camera systems
turret or fairleads specialized remote cam- deployed for visual inspection of tanks to class equivalent standards. A major recent
eras can be deployed from the deck or tur- breakthrough is the capability to measure thickness remotely using synchronous laser
ret to inspect confined areas around chain technology, as trialled on an operational FPSO offshore Equatorial Guinea. The tech-
stoppers and fairleads. Another develop- nique is now undergoing refinement to apply laser point cloud data that will directly
ment set to be unveiled in 2020 is the use inform finite element analysis models; the significance is that the hull structure can be
of chain ‘walkers’, designed with 3,000-m structurally assessed and monitored throughout its life and a digital twin developed that

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Remote survey of cargo tank using lasers on West African FPSO.
Thermographic image of wet insulation.
Real-time radiography screening of corrosion under insulation.
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PRODUCTION OPERATIONS •
can be regularly updated though remotely
obtained laser data.
Numerous Ex components on FPSOs
must be ‘risk-ranked’ and inspected peri-
odically. Some require a ‘detailed’ inspec-
tion which means isolating the systems
and taking apart the components for
inspection and subsequent reassembly.
But this is costly and disrupts produc-
tion. A new strategy has been developed
that involves an adaptation of medical
techniques to inspect the Ex components
non-intrusively. Validation trials have been
staged over the past two years, and the
first commercial application should fol-
low during the fall.
A major preoccupation for offshore
asset owners, in terms of pressure sys-
tem integrity is corrosion under insulation
(CUI). One new technique involves the
use of thermography to screen for water
ingress under insulation in key risk areas
such as field welds where the probability
of poor-quality coatings is high. These are
then scanned with real-time radiography
units that have been adapted to provide
qualitative data and fast screening of areas
exhibiting evidence of CUI that are sub-
sequently inspected using pulsed X-Ray
techniques. Alternatively, the insulation
can be removed and the CUI rectified.
Internal anomalies are only found in
around 5% of periodic inspections, so
there is clearly room for improvement.
A statistical analysis program developed
with a university in London has reduced
the workscope of this process by around
50% while providing a high and quantified
level of assurance.
Long-term partnerships between oper-
ators, contractors, and service groups can
help realize the full benefits of emerg-
ing inspection technologies on floating
assets. Familiarization with operators’
assets and ways of working makes it eas-
ier for service companies to introduce and
efficiently deploy their systems on these
assets, while at the same time gaining bet-
ter understanding of the operators’ prior-
ities, working with them to seek solutions.
The construction industry adopted this
approach in the 1980s to foster co-oper-
ation rather than conflict, and it worked
well. •
8/30/19 1:23 PM
 • PRODUCTION OPERATIONS

Zakum Central Complex platform.

(Courtesy ZADCO)

Substructure modeling, analysis

methodology prolongs life of Zakum
offshore complex
SACS software helps ZADCO cut costs, inspection times

ANNE-MARIE WALTERS, BENTLEY

ZAKUM, 80 KM (50 MI) OFFSHORE Abu Dhabi in the Persian
Gulf, is one of the world’s largest, most productive oil fields. It is
owned and operated by Zakum Development Co. (ZADCO) on
behalf of Abu Dhabi National Oil Co. (ADNOC).
Development to date has involved drilling 450 wells tied to
around 90 platforms, with the Zakum Central Complex accommo-
dating separation facilities, a gas treatment plant, water injection
plant, power generation plant, pipeline risers and pigging traps,
and associated utilities. The complex measures 375 x 46 m (1,230
x 151 ft) and comprises nine jackets, eight interconnected decks,
and three riser support towers.
With the jackets installed in 1980 nearing the end of their designed
operating lifespan, ZADCO initiated a structural integrity assess-
ment for re-qualification of the structures in order to extend reliable
asset life and to support continued operation of the Zakum offshore
facility. As part of this process, the company needed to verify and
update models independently generated by different engineering
contractors and examine their design level assessments.

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The project required reviewing current loading data, modifi-
cations, metocean data, marine growth profiles, inspection and
corrosion information, and upgrading the models accordingly.
Structural analyses using SACS and SACS Collapse were integral
to ZADCO’s methodology for assessing and re-qualifying the jack-
ets, as well as for identifying critical welded nodes and updating
risk-based inspection frequency.
DYNAMIC SUBSTRUCTURE MODELING
As ZADCO’s main offshore processing center, the deck platforms
at Zakum Central Complex were loaded with numerous process
modules, office units, material handling equipment, and safety
apparatus, each supported by two independent jackets. The facil-
ity models, with deck and jacket models combined, were too large
to accurately assess the structural analysis and life expectancy. To
allow for more accurate and accelerated analysis, ZADCO sepa-
rated the combined jacket and deck SACS models. The team gen-
erated the deck substructures for each jacket for structural analysis
in SACS and performed non-linear pushover analysis using SACS
Collapse to assess the ultimate strength of independent jackets.
Separating the originally combined models enabled structural
analysis and code checks of the decks in SACS to be completed
quickly without losing accuracy. Using SACS and SACS Collapse to
implement a dynamic substructure modeling and analysis method-
ology meant that modification proposals for a specific deck struc-
ture could be easily verified and assessed without the interaction
of jacket and pile structure analyses. Overall, the ability to properly
de-couple the models for accurate assessment of the jackets and
decks helped the team to identify individual failure mechanisms,
preventing consequential facility failures, improving asset safety,
and ensuring code compliance.
SACS modeling of platform structure. (Courtesy Bentley)
OPTIMIZED NODE INSPECTIONS
As part of the life extension process, ZADCO sought to identify
critical welded nodes, which are essential for platform integrity,
and update the risk ranking and risk-based inspection frequency.
The interoperability of Bentley software allowed the project team
to simulate various failure scenarios and thus to fully understand
the behavior of the structural components and rank the nodes in
terms of criticality. Iterative analyses and ultimate strength assess-
ments using SACS and SACS Collapse on the independent jacket
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PRODUCTION OPERATIONS •
models allowed the team to measure structural redundancy and
optimize the number of critical subsea nodes for inspection, which
were reduced by 50%.
Exploring different strength and mitigation alternatives using
Bentley’s offshore structural design and analysis capabilities brought
significant time and cost savings and improved overall lifecycle
asset management for the Zakum Central Complex. Prior to the
project, 17 nodes per jacket (total of 153 nodes) had been identified
as critical and requiring inspection. But following the life extension
assessment, ZADCO identified only 76 joints as being critical for
inspection, around half the original number. This allowed inspec-
tion durations to be cut from 40 to 20 days and periodic inspection
costs by $165,000 per period.
SUSTAINABLE BENEFITS
Use of SACS and SACS Collapse improved design efficiency, with
fewer resource hours, reduced costs, and a shortened project sched-
ule. ZADCO achieved a 30% reduction in engineering resources,
yielded cost savings of $20,000 per jacket (a total saving of $180,000
for all nine jackets). Bentley software enabled accidental asset
damage to be quickly modeled and analyzed to assess platform
reserve capacity, mitigating the risks associated with platform col-
lapse and potential marine pollution. Implementing a proactive
maintenance process based on substructure modeling, accurate
analysis, and asset criticality extended the structural reliability
and integrity of the Zakum Central Complex for continued oper-
ation and production.
The interoperability of Bentley applications allowed the proj-
ect team to evaluate multiple ways of analyzing and determining
jacket strength and facilitate risk-based ranking to identify crit-
ical nodes for lifecycle asset management. Advanced structural
analysis technology ensures platform robustness and safety of the
onboard personnel, and eliminates costly platform repairs. Com-
pared to conventional methodologies, the availability of separate
jacket and deck SACS models improves model maneuverability
for future engineering analyses. The structure decoupling solu-
tion offers sustainable benefits, saving significant time and costs
in model updating and analysis, and underlines the value of this
modeling methodology for managing complex mega-structures. •
THE AUTHOR
Anne-Marie Walters joined Bentley in 2004 as a
global marketing director. In this capacity she is
responsible for the marketing and positioning of
the company’s solutions and products that address
the needs of the industrial sector including oil and
gas. Walters is a chartered chemical engineer and
has spent over 30 years in the oil, gas and process industries. She
sat on the board of the Engineering Contractors and Constructors
Association between 2005 and 2010 and was the Chair in 2009. In
addition, she is engaged in many international standards activ-
ities and is a founding member of the Process Industries STEP
Consortium committee and has served on the boards of CIMsteel
and the United Kingdom’s chapter of the International Alliance
for Interoperability.
8/30/19 1:23 PM
 • OFFSHORE HISTORY

Remembering offshore pioneer

R.J. “Bob” Brown
RJBA laid foundation for much of today’s subsea industry

DIEGO LAMACCHIA, LEVITICUS SUBSEA

WHEN R.J. BROWN (or “Bob,”

as many knew him), passed away
in late January 2018, the offshore
industry noted the loss of one its
leading marine pipeline engineers.
During his distinguished six-decade
career as a marine pipeline engi-
neer, Brown was known for innova-
tions that made marine pipelining
more efficient and much safer.
As a result, he was recognized
with a number of awards, including R.J. “Bob” Brown
the Heritage Award presented at the
1997 Offshore Technology Conference, and
the 2010 ASME Global Pipeline Award. In
2008, he was inducted into the Offshore
Energy Center’s Hall of Fame. Less noted
but no less important was the impact that
Brown had on the development of the inter-
national subsea engineering and marine
construction marketplace.

GETTING STARTED
The discipline of offshore pipeline engineer-
ing, and later subsea engineering, started
in the mid-1960s when Brown, who at that
time was working with George Hinkle in RJBA advised Shell Pipeline Co. on installation
Bechtel, was sent to Holland to open the techniques for its Cognac pipeline in the Gulf
engineering office in The Hague and look of Mexico. (Source: Shell’s Go-Devil internal
for work in the submarine pipeline business. publication, May 1979)
Hinkle was sent to the Paris office. Brown
and Hinkle knew each other from working at Collins Construc-
tion Co. (a firm that specialized in subsea pipeline construction
and crossings) in the early 1960s.
By the late 1960s, the North Sea had become a profitable
place to search for oil and gas. Offshore construction compa-
nies (what we know today as EPCI contractors) such as Brown
RJBA founding partners RJ Brown and George Hinkle.
& Root, McDermott, and Heerema led the way, and adjusted
their operations to the harsh and demanding working condi- in the North Sea, a place where offshore construction compa-
tions of the North Sea. Operators were usually at the contrac- nies dictated the way projects were done. A downturn in the
tor’s mercy for these risky and costly offshore projects, and this US led Bechtel to pull work from The Hague office, leaving a
provided the right conditions for independent consultants to minimum amount of work for both Brown and Hinkle. Then,
offer engineering and project management services. a Dutch dredging company (IHC Holland) had a request from
From 1966 to 1968, both Brown and Hinkle worked for Bechtel the Russians (at that time USSR) to develop a vessel to install

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 OFFSHORE HISTORY •

pipelines in the Caspian Sea, and asked them for help. This
opportunity emboldened the two men to start their own com-
pany (in addition, Bechtel, a US company, was somewhat reluc-
tant to deal with the Russians).
In 1969, Brown and Hinkle, along with John Burns, opened
their own submarine pipeline engineering and project man-
agement firm named R.J. Brown and Associates (RJBA). John
Burns, who oversaw the Houston office, later decided to sell his
share and continue working at RJBA as a consultant engineer.
In 1971, IHC built the Suleyman Vezirov, a shallow-water pipe-
laying barge for the Russians, with RJBA performing the engi-
neering and construction management. The barge was built in
two pieces, transported to the Caspian Sea via the Volga river,
and reassembled in 1973 when they got there. The Suleyman
Vezirov is still in operation and is owned by ASCO (Azerbajijan
Brown and Hinkle parted ways in the early 1980s, with Brown
buying 100% of Hinkle’s shares. In 1991, RBJA became Kvaerner
R.J. Brown; and in 1996 it became R.J. Brown Deepwater with
Aker Kvaerner. Aker was bought by Coeflexip/Stena in 1998,
and Technip absorbed all the Aker legacy companies includ-
ing RJBD and Genesis Oil and Gas Consultants in 2001. Technip
consolidated all its branches in 2003 and R.J. Brown Deepwater
became part of the Technip group. In 2011, Technip consoli-
dated all its offshore/subsea engineering groups under Gene-
sis. Brown worked with Genesis and handled the model room
until the day he passed.

The shallow-water pipelay barge Suleyman Vezirov. (Source: ASCO

Facebook Site)

Caspian Shipping Co.), based

in Baku.
RJBA went on to perform
submarine pipeline design
projects all over the world,
including the first subsea
pipeline in the Arctic (even
though it was a test line); the
design of the first semisub- The third-generation laybarge
Brown’s “model room” included a detailed and sophisticated
mersible third-generation Viking Piper was built in 1973 due model of the Thunder Horse facility. (Courtesy TechnipFMC)
laybarge (3GLB); and several in part to initial work performed
by RJBA. (Source: GustoMSC)
pipeline crossings and shore
approaches, such as the Strait Brown’s “model room” was a state-of-the-art facility for
of Magellan crossing in 1978. They specialized in plough design physical modeling. The Thunder Horse model included the
to trench pipelines and pipeline bundles installed by the tow-lay semisubmersible production facility called Production, Drilling
method. Due in part to this initial work with the Russians, the & Quarters (PDQ). The model included all the subsea infrastruc-
3GLB Viking Piper was built in 1973 by Gusto Shipyard (another ture, including steel catenary risers (SCRs), subsea structures
IHC Holland subsidiary). The Viking Piper changed names over and flowlines, the flowline installation vessel Deep Blue and a
the years as it was bought and sold by different owners. It was semisubmersible drilling rig, all in scale at 1:70. BP indicated that
McDermott’s LB200, then the Acergy Piper, and then Saipem’s “the model provided an unusually effective vehicle for analysis
Castoro 7. It was considered one of the most efficient assets in and procedure development, as well as for training and visual
the market for more than 41 years, until the barge was scrapped demonstrations.”
in July 2016.

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 • OFFSHORE HISTORY
THE EARLY DAYS
While R.J. Brown & Associates started basically as an offshore pipe-
line design engineering firm. There were two other engineering
firms in Europe that were at that time the cream of the offshore
engineering market: Doris Engineering and Gusto Engineering.
Doris Engineering was originally formed back in 1965, but it
was in 1971 that it started providing engineering services for the
offshore industry, specifically for offshore structures. Doris was
known for structural engineering for fixed platforms and gravi-
ty-based platforms in the 70s and 80s. The same was true for Gusto
Engineering. Marine Structure Consultants (MSC) was formed
with former Gusto employees in 1977. In 2003, both companies
(MSC and Gusto) merged and formed GustoMCS.
In the 1970s, RJBA was a pioneering engineering consulting firm
that specialized in submarine pipelines. It enjoyed great success,
with up to 1,000 employees worldwide, and offices all around the
world. The most recognized submarine “pipeliners” in the indus-
try worked for RJBA. They included: John Burns, Jose Gonzalez
Jauregui, Gene Mullee, Bill Timmermans, Ravi Perera, Hans Lager-
waard, John Bomba, John Patrick Kenny, A.H Mouselli, Andrew
Palmer, Tuncer Akten, Ibrahim Konuk, David McKehaan, Jayesh
Antani, Gene Raborn, Glen Lanan, Joe Straub, Upali Panapitiya,
Jacob Chakco, Joe Straub, Wafic Ayoub, Franz Koop, Vural Dolen,
and Steve Hindmarsh – just to name some of the professionals
that this author remembers.
In the late 70s and early 80s, some of these engineers, who had
Famous RJBA employees (pictures taken from RJBA’s monthly
newsletter).
worked for R.J. Brown, decided to open their own business. They
went on to become icons in the industry:  try began to develop floating production systems and dynamic
• John Patrick Kenny opened his own company in the UK in 1978
(with lifetime partner Paul Davis) when R.J. Brown decided to
close its London office. He named his company JP Kenny &
Associates (JPK), a consulting engineering firm that became
a leader in subsea pipeline design.
• Andrew Palmer joined R.J. Brown and Associates, as the lead-
ing consultant in underwater pipelines, in 1975. He worked
on underwater plows, ice mechanics, and new techniques for
Arctic pipeline construction. He was the project manager for
the “actual” first Arctic offshore pipeline, built off the coast of
Melville Island in Canada. In 1985, Palmer founded Andrew
Palmer & Associates, a UK company of consulting engineers
who specialized in marine pipelines, and who collectively had
been engaged in pipeline projects on every continent.
• William (Bill) Timmermans formed INTEC Engineering in 1983
with three other R.J. Brown employees – Bert Schultz, David
McKehaan, and Jim Gillespie. INTEC was a Houston-based
54
1909OFF52-56.indd 54
company that specialized in subsea pipelines and marine ter-
minals. Timmermans was the design engineer for the Suley-
man Vezirov vessel project.
• John Stanfield, John Dryer and John Hines, the three “Johns”
(all three ex-RJBA), formed Mentor Engineering in 1987, which
specialized in subsea pipelines and structures.
• John Wilson and Joe Litzelfelner formed Pegasus International
in US in 1981, a firm that specialized in offshore engineering
and project management.
If in the 1970s the offshore engineering was led by Doris and
Gusto, in the 80s more consulting engineering firms were formed in
England with additional specialties all related to subsea engineer-
ing, and incorporated more processing (the early flow assurance
systems), and subsea systems and controls. These firms included:
• Granherne, founded in 1984, was a consulting engineering
firm that specialized in onshore, offshore and deepwater oil
and gas developments.
• Mentor Subsea was formed in 1987 to include not only sub-
marine pipelines but also subsea systems engineering. Men-
tor had four founding members, all coming from the Vickers
Industries (a naval construction yard that did most of UK
submarines in the WWII): Tony Cousins, David Pridden, Bob
Charters and Graham Day. Mentor engineered the subsea sys-
tem for BP’s Foinaven development, which was the UK’s first
deepwater project in the early 90s. Mentor Subsea was differ-
ent from Mentor Engineering even though they were in the
same office building in the town of West Byfleet near London.
• Genesis Oil and Gas consulting was formed in 1988 with Chris
Harding and John Cambridge (who also worked as contractors
for RJBA in London). It was originally a process engineering
company providing consultancy services to the offshore and
subsea industry.
MOVING INTO DEEPWATER
As operators moved into deepwater (greater than 300 m), the
industry began to develop new subsea systems for areas where
saturation diving was not possible. Starting in the 90s, the indus-
riser systems for water depths greater than 400 m. The discipline
of flow assurance, which allowed engineers to better understand
the multiphase flow coming from the reservoirs, was born from
a Petrobras initiative in the 1990s. The Blue Stream pipeline, the
first pipeline designed for 2,000-m water depths, was installed
in the early 2000s.
Subsea engineering firms continued to evolve in this decade,
with bigger players acquiring the smaller firms. Kvaerner bought
RJBA in 1991; Penspen acquired Andrew Palmer and Associates
in 1993; and Wood Group bought JP Kenny and Associates in
1993. Later in 2000, Wood Group acquired Alliance Engineering;
and in 2001 Pegasus International bought Mentor Engineering.
Also in the 90s, engineering, procurement, construction, and
installation (EPCI) companies tried to increase their offerings by
acquiring subsea/offshore engineering firms, and allowing them
to carry lump-sum turnkey subsea development megaprojects.
The main buyouts were:
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In 2010, Brown won the ASME Global Pipeline Award for
the longest cryogenic pipe-in-pipe (C-PiP) for Hess LNG
Weaver’s Cove project. (Courtesy TechnipFMC)
• McDermott with Mentor Subsea
• Heerema with INTEC Engineering
• Technip with R.J. Brown Deepwater, Aker Engineering
(including Genesis)
• Halliburton with KBR (mostly FPSOs).
The last one deserves a special mention. Halliburton
acquired Dresser Industries in 1998 and then Dresser’s
engineering subsidiary, M. W. Kellogg Co., was merged
with Halliburton’s construction subsidiary, Brown & Root,
to form Kellogg Brown & Root, or KBR. British engineering
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OFFSHORE HISTORY •
consultancy Granherne was also acquired
indirectly in this merger.
In many cases, the results of these
acquisitions did not pan out as hoped. Sev-
eral EPCI contractors lost large amounts
of money performing lump-sum projects –
especially in Brazil and South Asia, where
national oil companies had more experi-
ence with lump-sum projects.
SUBSEA IN 21ST CENTURY
In the beginning of this new century more
changes occurred, with major EPC com-
panies (the ones that did not manage
installation vessel fleets) adding the sub-
sea capabilities to their portfolio. Wor-
leyParsons bought SEA in 2006, thereby
adding floating production capabilities.
In 2008, WorleyParsons bought INTEC
Engineering to add subsea capabilities and
merged both companies to formed INTEC-
SEA. The other major firm in this arena,
Wood Group, bought MCS (a consulting
engineering firm specialized in risers); MSI
(which specialized in flow assurance); and
Mustang Engineering (a consulting engi-
neering firm that specialized in topsides
processing) in 2009. In 2017, Wood Group
unified all its units and named the com-
pany Wood.
Finally, over the past decade, the growth
of three subsea engineering firms should
be noted. The first is UniversalPegasus
International (UPI), which was formed in
2008 from the merger of Universal Ensco
(which had specialized in onshore pipe-
line engineering since 1961) and Pegasus
International. The second is Stress Engi-
neering, which grew enormously in this
decade. Founded in 1972 by Joe Fowler,
Ray Latham, and Harry Sweet, Stress Engi-
neering got a niche in the mar-
ket specializing in structural
design along with testing and
lab facilities to serve the sub-
sea/offshore industry. The last
one is Xodus that was founded
by Colin Manson and Steve
Swindell in 2005, both former
Genesis employees.
Leviticus Subsea was
founded by this author in 2015;
Brown’s Induction to the 2008 class of the it is mainly oriented toward
Industry Pioneers Hall of Fame (January learning and development.
2009).
8/30/19 1:23 PM
 • OFFSHORE HISTORY
SUBSEA ENGINEERING TODAY
In the last decade, subsea engineering firms have downsized dras-
tically in the wake of the downturn, with the top tier being Wood,
Genesis, and INTECSEA. At their peak, these subsea engineering
companies had up to 2,500, 1,500 and 1,000 people, respectively
with a worldwide presence. In the second tier, there are firms
like Penspen, Doris, Granherne, Xodus, UniversalPegasus, and
Stress Engineering.
After the downturn, company consolidations and mergers
became a more common practice to lower costs and become
more operationally efficient. EPCI contractors are allying once
again with subsea engineering firms as a means of garnering
projects and optimizing the use of new technologies. The main
alliances and JVs today are:
• McDermott with Io (since 2014)
• Subsea 7 with Xodus (since 2018)
• Petrofac & KW (since 2012).
Whether these companies are in the first or second tier (associ-
ated or not with EPCI contractors), or do not even exist anymore,
we can go back now and see that the origin of almost all these
subsea engineering firms ties back to R.J. Brown & Associates.
This author had the pleasure to work with most of those “pipe-
liners” mentioned here, and most of what is written here comes
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from their stories. Each of these professionals played a key role
in the development of this author’s career in the subsea industry,
including R.J. Bown himself. When he passed, Bob was almost 90
years old and still had the passion for work. He was still sharing
knowledge and experience with young engineers and colleagues.
This author was tremendously fortunate to have had the chance
to listen to his funny and fantastic stories. •
THE AUTHOR
Diego Lamacchia, PE, PMP, is an operations and project leader with
25 years of experience in management and engineering design of
oil and gas offshore/subsea projects including direct tiebacks to
shore and fixed/floating facilities. Lamacchia started his career
as a pipeline engineer and then advanced into other titles includ-
ing project engineer, lead engineer, installation engineer, project
manager and project director. His project experience includes
onshore/offshore oil and gas subsea developments in the Gulf of
Mexico, Malaysia and Latin America, as well as, assignments in
Argentina, Uruguay, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Holland, Turkey and
Australia. Now VP Operations for Leviticus Subsea, he provides
boutique subsea engineering services for subsea pipelines and
flow assurance systems, as well as project management consul-
tancy and technical learning and development.
  SEPTEMBER 2019
contact: David Davis | 713.963.6206 | DavidD@PennWell.com
8/30/19 1:23
1/20/12 4:00 PM
PM
 EQUIPMENT & ENGINEERING •

Artemis provides feedback on

unpiggable GoM pipeline
Artemis employs
HALFWAVE, an in-line oil and gas pipeline inspection tech- Acoustic
nology company, has won four contracts for subsea pipeline Resonance
inspections involving use of its ROV-mounted Artemis tool. Technology
The system employs Acoustic Resonance Technology (ART) to conduct
wall thickness
to conduct wall thickness inspections and has been deployed inspections.
this year in the Gulf of Mexico to inspect an unpiggable 8-in. (Courtesy
coated pipeline in 2,400 m (7,874 ft) water depth. Halfwave)
Other awards this year are from Aker BP, for inspecting a
12-in. piggyback pipeline offshore Norway.
An Australian operator will use the system to inspect a con-
crete-coated pipeline. In addition, Artemis will perform a re-in-
spection of 6-in., 10-in. and 14-in. subsea flowlines for DOF
Subsea offshore Australia. In this case, the data will be used to
extend the field’s life.
Halfwave claims the acoustic signals of its system transmit
through coatings and surface deposits more effectively than
conventional non-destructive inspection methods.
The sensor design allows for a full circumferential scan in
less than 15 minutes with parallel live analysis. •

FibreTrac crane adds strength, flexibility

MACGREGOR SAYS that its dedicated two interlocking drums slightly angled
fiber-rope offshore crane, FibreTrac, and offset in relation to each other. The
allows operators to use the full lifting drum geometry creates a natural and sta-
capacity of the crane, at practically any ble helix without generating any fleeting
depth, so that a smaller crane and ves- forces, so the rope does not twist on the
sel can be used for more assignments, drum as it is gently de-tensioned. The
and owners are able to bid on a wider winch system can be delivered with digi-
range of contracts. tally-controlled electric or hydraulic-drive
The company says that this is made units. Features include integral active-
possible because of neutrally buoyant, heave compensation and power regen-
high performance fiber rope. The rope eration capabilities.
weighs virtually nothing in water, so The open design of the winch also
regardless of the length of rope used, it assists with rope cooling, further assist-
does not add anything to the load expe- ing in eliminating the heating and degra-
rienced by the crane, according to Mac- dation problems associated with on-load
Gregor. This is in complete contrast to fiber ropes stored on winch drums. Impor-
steel wire cranes, which have to bear tantly, it can accommodate non-unifor-
the load as well as the ever-increasing mities resulting from splices in the rope.
weight of wire paid out. Gentle rope han- MacGregor says that it has also
dling and a controlled environment help The new FibreTrac crane is designed to enable developed a modular fiber-rope retro-
to safeguard the integrity of the fiber heavier lifting activities on a wider range of fit solution, which is based on the same
vessels. (Courtesy MacGregor)
rope. technology. This allows customers to
MacGregor says that its fiber-rope cranes use a novel cap- convert their existing wire-rope cranes to fiber-rope versions,
stan, developed by Parkburn, as a traction winch. It consists of unlocking their full potential. •

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 • EQUIPMENT & ENGINEERING

Fast-track offshore trial proves new

cost-reducing P&A technology
New casing cement breaker system proven in Equinor trial
A NEW WELL abandonment tool developed by Aberdeen-head- cut and pull and milling are simplified and easier or, in the case
quartered Deep Casing Tools has gone from concept to offshore of milling, are no longer needed, saving operators significant
trial with Equinor in just nine months. time and cost and reducing risk and uncertainty.
Deep Casing Tools’ first prototype The hydromechanical tool, which is run downhole
Casing Cement Breaker was trialed in on drill pipe, works using pressure and rotation
a well on Equinor’s Huldra field in the to manipulate the existing casing in the
Norwegian North Sea, as part of a plugging well, within its elastic limits,
and abandonment program (P&A), just weeks breaking down the
after the Norwegian operator’s staff were introduced bond between
to the tool by drilling services company Archer.
Deep Casing Tools says that the Casing Cement Breaker deals
with problem cement in casing, which hinders conventional
methods for P&A and slot recovery, when operators want to The Casing Cement
Breaker works using pressure
extend production. By breaking the bond between the cement and rotation to manipulate the
and breaking down the structure of the cement behind the cas- existing casing in the well.
ing, well abandonment methods including perforate and wash, (Courtesy Deep Casing Tools)

cement and casing, as well as the structure of the cement behind

the casing.
The successful trial of the prototype, which is now being

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Well abandonment is estimated to account for 45% of the
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alone. With higher oil prices, operators increasingly want to
re-use well slots, to drill new wells, a task the Casing Cement
Breaker is designed to make easier.
David Stephenson, Deep Casing Tools’ CEO, said: “This was
an idea on a white board just nine months ago. We have now
proven it works with our very first prototype. We’ve proven it
breaks down the bond between the cement and the casing, as
well as the structure of the cement behind the casing, and that
it reduces the forces needed to remove casing – by around 50%
on this first trial. We expect to achieve 90% reduction as seen on
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wave” of industry evolution means less time and cost. You can pull longer sections with less
force, fewer trips, fewer cuts, and less rig time.”
Following the trial, Deep Casing Tools said that it already
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to market faster. •

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 EQUIPMENT & ENGINEERING •

Analytics software enhances

real-time BOP monitoring
DEEPWATER Subsea has signed a two-
year agreement with TrendMiner, a pro-
vider of self-service analytics solutions,
to use their software within its BOP real-
time monitoring service Janus 24 on mul-
tiple rigs. The service is said to be the first
and only real-time monitoring system for
well control equipment to incorporate
CFR/API compliance verification, fail-
ure tracking, predictive trend monitor-
ing, and operations reporting.
Deepwater Subsea says it is using
TrendMiner’s platform for the 21-day test-
ing requirements of BOP systems. With
this solution, equipment subject mat-
ter experts can easily monitor pressure
trends over time and compare them to
their ideal operating window, what they
refer to as a “golden fingerprint,” providing
them with a better grasp of what is going
on with the health of the equipment.
“TrendMiner’s given us better visi-
bility than what we’ve ever had before
because it allows us to speed up our trou-
bleshooting in our analytics with their
predictive models,” said Deepwater Sub-
sea CEO Michael Fry. “For us as the sub-
ject matter experts, utilizing a software
like TrendMiner gives us greater access
to the data and a better understanding
of what’s going on with it without having
to be a data scientist.”
By utilizing TrendMiner within their
existing infrastructure, Deepwater Sub-
sea will have greater insights into their
data, allowing them to provide their cus-
tomers, which includes major oil com-
panies such as Chevron, and drilling
contractors such as Pacific Drilling and
Transocean, with reduced risk and down-
time as well as the potential for huge
cost savings. •

Deepwater Subsea says it is using TrendMiner’s platform (a) for the 21-day testing
requirements of BOP systems (b). (Images courtesy Deepwater Subsea)

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 • EQUIPMENT & ENGINEERING

Rigless P&A technology enables

safe pressure testing
A NEW method of pressure testing suspended mudline wells
from a vessel, prior to P&A activity, developed by Unity, is set to
deliver improved safety and cost savings following a successful
project for Spirit Energy.
The Aberdeen-headquartered company’s Temporary Aban-
donment Cap Test Tool (TACTT) was deployed to support an
end of life project in the Southern North Sea.
Unity says that it is the first technology of its kind, able to
seal on to any type and size of temporary abandonment (TA)
cap, pressure test the seal to ensure well containment, then
test and vent pressure from below the TA cap and leave a reli-
able secondary seal in place. It can be cable deployed from a
vessel through open water, rather than using a rig, providing
significant cost savings.
During the project for Spirit Energy, the TACTT was deployed
from a vessel, latched and sealed on to the TA cap and the seal
was pressure tested. A second pressure test was then performed
to provide verification of zero pressure under the TA cap’s back
pressure valve. Once integrity was confirmed, this allowed the
operator to safely continue with removal of the cap and com-
plete its P&A operations.
The technology allows the operator to understand the
amount of pressure accumulation below the TA cap and to
accommodate this in its plans for decommissioning, either con-
tinuing with vessel-based intervention or leaving the TACTT
safety valve in place and returning with a rig at a later date if
necessary. Vessel rather than rig-based P&A work is faster and
more cost effective and Unity’s technology can help to enable
this type of intervention by safely confirming no back pressure
for well re-entry.
A recent report by the Oil and Gas Authority estimated that
45% of all decommissioning expenditure in the UK continental
Temporary Abandonment Cap Test Tool (TACTT) is prepared for
shelf is through P&A of wells and the industry is currently striv- shipment in the workshop. (Courtesy Unity)
ing to reduce this spend by at least 35%. It is generally acknowl-
edged that vessel-based intervention can save between 30-50% vessel campaigns to pressure test, survey and prepare them for
in costs compared to rig-based intervention. abandonment. This technology delivers a better understanding
Gary Smart, Unity CEO, said: “Decommissioning is the inev- of each well’s individual conditions, allowing safer and more
itable end-stage of any well, and although the industry is devel- cost-effective P&A intervention.”
oping many solutions to extend producing life, we must also Olav Log, director of drilling and wells at Spirit Energy, said:
look to innovate further new technology to support operators’ “Unity’s TACTT allowed Spirit Energy to successfully abandon
P&A obligations. two North Sea wells in line with UK government regulations.
“As Europe’s largest well integrity specialist, we are well-placed The tool removed all risk associated with re-entering a sus-
to apply our engineering skills to meet this challenge. We devel- pended well and the ability to deploy by vessel provided sig-
oped the TACTT in response to operator demand, as there was nificant project savings.
no specific solution available on the market to pressure test sus- “The TACTT technology was originally designed to our spec-
pended mudline wells behind their TA caps prior to removal. ifications and successfully deployed from a rig in the North Sea
“Our technology can open doors to huge operational sav- in 2014. This latest development allowing for vessel deployment
ings, particularly by using it on multiple wells in region-wide opens up further opportunities.” •

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PEOPLE
Petrolia NOCO AS has appointed Linn Katrine
Høie as managing director.
Noreco has appointed Euan Shirlaw as CFO.
ONGC has appointed Rajesh Kumar Srivas-
tava as exploration director.
Ashit Jain has resigned as CEO of Kreuz
Subsea.
Paal Kibsgaard has joined Borr Drilling as the
new chairman of the board.
Deep Down Inc. has named Charles Njuguna
as CEO and a member of the board of directors.
He succeeds Ronald Smith, founder and CEO,
who has resigned to pursue interests outside the
oil and gas industry.
Timipre Silva has been named Minister of
Petroleum in Nigeria.
Wood has appointed Paul Leonard as presi-
dent of Operations Services in its Americas
business.
StormGeo has appointed Søren Andersen as
CEO. Interim CEO Henrik Dahl has reassumed
his role as non-executive director on the board of
directors.
Ian Bramson has joined ABS as global head of
cyber security.
SAExploration Holdings Inc. has named Mi-
chael Faust as chairman of the board and Kevin
Hubbard as interim CFO.
WFS Technologies has appointed Jim Darroch
as chief technology officer.
Elizabeth Paull has joined Chelsea Technol-
ogies as managing director.
Nigel Shewring has joined Hempel as group
rirector of Research & Development.
Xodus Group has appointed David Kennare
as new field development director for Asia/Pacific,
and Djamel Hamel and Chris Overton as prin-
cipal consultants.
Zenith Energy has appointed Paddy O’Donnell
as business development manager, Warwick
Sanderson as senior drilling engineer, Tom McIn-
tyre as drilling engineer, and Mel Harvey as QHSE
advisor.
Dr. Heiner Lang has joined the Executive
Board of Bosch Rexroth AG.
Helix Energy Solutions Group Inc. has appointed
Amy Nelson to its board of directors.
Mission Secure Inc. has named Don Ward as
senior vice president of Global Services.
PJ Valves has appointed Phil Vosper as business
development manager in Hertford, to support its
ongoing growth in Europe, the Middle East, and
Africa.
SEPTEMBER 2019   OFFSHORE | WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM61
1909OFF61-64.indd 61
BUSINESS BRIEFS •
Prodrill Energy Resource Solutions has named
Drew Alexander as client relationship director
and a board member, and Bob Watt as senior
technical resource specialist.
XL Group has appointed Colin Laird as UK
sales director and Richard Dodunski as group
Høie Phang
operations director.
GTMaritime has hired Keng Teen Phang as head of sales for
Asia/Pacific.
Sarah McGavin has rejoined Deloitte as an audit director.
The University of Manchester has appointed Dr. Robert Eden,
managing director of UK-based Rawwater Engineering Co. Ltd.,
as an Honorary Professor in the Faculty of Science and Engineering,
Andersen within the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences.
COMPANY NEWS
Saipem says it will establish a spoolbase on Greenwood Island,
Pascagoula, Mississippi. With a focus on the Gulf of Mexico, the
new spoolbase will support the Saipem Constellation, an ul-
tra-deepwater rigid and flexible pipelay, heavy lift, and construc-
tion DP-3 vessel. Under a long-term agreement, the spoolbase
Bramson will be in a dedicated area within the facilities of ST Engineering
Halter Marine & Offshore Inc. It will be equipped with welding
machines, non-destructive testing facilities, and field joint coating
systems. It will also be structured to deal with complex projects
such as pipe-in-pipe and HDPE liners.
Chrysaor has extended Peterson’s integrated logistics services
agreement in the North Sea by 18 months, with options for three
further one-year extensions. Peterson will support all Chrysaor’s
Darroch North Sea assets, providing warehousing, transport and marine
services, and supplying eight offshore materials controllers for
the Armada, North Everest, and Lomond production platforms.
Work will be serviced from the company’s bases in Altens and
Edzell, with around 50,000 metric tons of cargo set to move
through the Torry Marine Base.
ROVOP has joined the ORCA (Offshore Robotics for Cer-
tification of Assets) Hub. This is a consortium of five universities
Shewring
– Heriot-Watt University, University of Edinburgh, University
of Liverpool, University of Oxford, and Imperial College
London – that are working together to develop highly specialized
robotics and AI technologies for the inspection, repair, mainte-
nance and certification of offshore energy platforms and assets.
The partnership will see ROVOP support the research the
ORCA Hub is carrying out in the subsea domain. This will include
the sharing of knowledge, information and expertise in subsea
Lang
operations, the use of equipment and facilities for trialling ORCA
Hub research in operational environments, and the collaborative
development of research projects.
Trelleborg’s marine and infrastructure operation has relocated
its headquarters and Dubai marine fender sales operation to Jafza
One, a new commercial complex in the Jebel Ali Free Zone, Dubai,
UAE.
Through a seven-year technology collaboration, Woodside
Vosper
Energy will deploy enterprise-wide Schlumberger’s DELFI
8/30/19 1:23 PM
 • BUSINESS BRIEFS
cognitive E&P environment. This will give 200 global petrotech-
nical users at Woodside full access to the DELFI environment,
including the Petrotechnical Suite, the Planning Suite, and the
developer capability for further collaborative innovation
projects.
GATE Energy has opened an office in Singapore. This is the
company’s first office outside of the US.
Archer Oiltools and DART Technologies (DARTT) have
agreed to co-operate globally on digital well integrity solutions.
Over the past four years, DARTT, based in Perth, Australia, has
serviced rigs, intervention vessels and onshore facilities, with the
DARTT Recorder providing an estimated 15,000 days of infield
pressure testing.
Gazprom Neft is using a new computing cluster in St Peters-
burg to support oil and gas projects in Russia’s Arctic regions. The
facility, designed to generate digital twins of oil fields, is said to
provide an intra-node data transmission rate above many existing
Russian supercomputers, with the new distributed computing
capable of processing more than 100 Gbit/s. The new supercom-
puter has demonstrated a performance of at least 16 teraflops in
pilot testing, equivalent to 160 conventional computers.
ADNOC has awarded contracts with a combined value of
AED13.2 billion ($3.6 billion) for the procurement of casing and
tubing for the company’s drilling programs. The recipients are
Consolidated Suppliers Establishment, representing Tenaris;
Abu Dhabi Oilfield Services Co., representing Vallourec; and
Habshan Trading Co., representing Marubeni Corp. The
program includes more than AED367 million ($100 million) in
foreign direct investment over the next five years to establish a
state-of-the-art oil country tubular goods threading plant and
repair center in Abu Dhabi, along with a training academy to
enhance local expertise. In total the three contractors will supply
1 MM metric tons (1.1 MM tons) of casing and tubing over five
years.
Transocean has awarded PSW Group a five-year contract
to provide storage and maintenance of BOPs and related equip-
ment for the contractor’s Cat-D rigs. PSW has invested in a new
10,000-sq m (107,639-sq ft) facility for BOP-related services in
Mongstad, western Norway. This features a test pit, a combined
crane capacity of 240 tons, and a stack-up height of 18.5 m (61 ft).
It should be operational in October.
Shearwater has established a new Brazilian subsidiary Shear-
water GeoServices do Brasil Ltda and opened a new office in
Rio de Janeiro.
TGS-NOPEC Geophysical Co. ASA has completed its ac-
quisition of Spectrum ASA.
Drillinginfo has changed its name to Enverus.
BP has awarded FMS a three-year contract to provide mooring
equipment for its North Sea operations. The contract was due to
take effect in July.
CannSeal has entered the US market through an exclusive
agreement with Renegade Services. The new partnership will
see Renegade Services market and operate CannSeal’s technology
across the US and Gulf of Mexico.
RigNet has signed two multi-year agreements with Trans-
62
1909OFF61-64.indd 62
ocean. It is providing rig analytic applications through Intelie
Live, the company’s real-time analytics platform, to help improve
operational integrity and efficiency. The platform is currently
deployed on more than a dozen of Transocean’s ultra-deepwater
rigs with plans to expand to the entire fleet by the end of 2019.
The company has also signed a multi-year agreement with
Valaris plc. Under this agreement, it will continue to provide
managed communication services including VSAT technology
and RigNet’s Gulf of Mexico 5GE network and the fleet-wide
rollout of its global multi-band LTE service.
Allseas has acquired Bluerise, a developer of ocean thermal
energy conversion technology that delivers renewable energy
solutions.
Sparrows Group has won its first contract from BP to provide
deck operations services to field facilities on the UK continental
shelf. This scope of work will involve Sparrows’ deck crew perform
multiple roles including load handler and banksman/slinger to
support lifting operations and undertake bulk handling and
management of all cargo on the platforms.
Acteon subsidiary Claxton has agreed to acquire Proserv’s
international Field Technology Services and Survey business
divisions. The former provides cutting, friction stud welding and
pipeline maintenance services from bases in Stavanger, Houma,
Louisiana, Singapore, and Aberdeen. Acteon plans to integrate
the services and facilities under the Claxton brand, complementing
the latter’s decommissioning, riser and conductor and surface
pressure control capabilities. The Survey business unit will join
Acteon’s existing UTEC Survey business.
Baker Hughes, a GE company (BHGE) has opened a new
research facility at Dhahran Techno Valley. According to Saudi
Aramco, this will host development of various technologies,
including the first industry 3D printer for metal in Saudi Arabia
and a data visualization and automation platform to help simulate
and optimize well activity and construction. One expected feature
of the new facility will be a visualization laboratory equipped with
a digital learning, visualization and automation platform. It will
be able to absorb data from multiple sources to create a digital
twin of a planned well, which should in turn allow well planners
to run multiple predictive simulations and workflows to optimize
the construction process.
BHGE is also forming a joint venture with C3.ai. This will
combine BHGE’s fullstream oil and gas offering with C3.ai’s AI
software to deliver digital transformation technologies to improve
productivity for the oil and gas industry.
Gazprom 335 has opened a Far Eastern branch on Russky
Island off Vladivostok on the Russian east coast. Its new branch
will support the group’s projects in Russia’s Far East, coordinating
R&D, designing individual components of structures and equip-
ment for subsea hydrocarbon production systems, gas processing
and LNG production facilities, and forming collaborations for
robotic systems.
Motive Offshore Group has launched Motive Personnel – a
division specifically created to provide offshore technicians to its
global customer base.
WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM | OFFSHORE   SEPTEMBER 2019
8/30/19 1:23 PM
 ADVERTISERS’ INDEX •

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 • BEYOND THE HORIZON
Market downturn prompts reassessment,
transformation of industry relationships
THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY has been an attractive invest-
ment for more than a century. Since the first recorded subsea
wells were drilled in the late 19th century, subsurface engineering
and developments were the pinnacle of a modern-day com-
mercial success.
Today, operators and companies in the supply chain have to
adapt to a myriad of variables, including differing client pro-
cesses and regional regulations. The subsea industry has, how-
ever, come up against three significant challenges within the
last 10 years which have changed the technical approach to
projects, and how they are financed, forever.
The first was the emergence of shale extraction in the US,
which grew significantly, and somewhat unexpectedly, lessening
the global reliance on subsea drilling to grow reserves and
production. The second is the global movement to reduce
dependence on fossil fuels; and third, of course, was the biggest
oil and gas downturn we have seen in many years.
Looking at these factors together, it is no surprise that capex
and opex spending by offshore operators has been squeezed
within the last decade, in some instances by up to 50%.
Five years on, producers find themselves at a crossroads.
How does the industry become leaner and more efficient for
the future while maximizing production in some of the most
challenging environments they have ever faced?
To meet this demand, a total expenditure (totex) approach
to managing and operating assets and projects is starting to
emerge as an attractive approach to project fiscal
management.
In the past, operators have largely used capex as the main
way of sanctioning large infrastructure developments. However,
elements of the supply chain are encouraging an alternative
way of analyzing finances. The totex (capex plus opex) approach
looks at the total cost of expenditure, over the long term.
As the demand for new infrastructure, technology and digital
solutions grows, the totex approach has become an increasingly
popular analytical tool. It enables asset owners to enhance how
they manage and mitigate the risk associated with large capital
projects such as developing new fields, or extending the life of
existing ones through the use of tieback technology.
In parallel with totex, commercial collaboration has begun
to extend beyond technology development to mutually beneficial
commercial agreements.
The concept of collaboration has also been critical to the
recovery. Across the board, the trend in recent years has been
for far closer operator/service company relationships. This
This page reflects viewpoints on the political, economic, cultural, technological, and environmental issues that shape the future of the petroleum industry.
Offshore Magazine invites you to share your thoughts. Email your Beyond the Horizon manuscript to David Paganie at dpaganie@endeavorb2b.com.
64
1909OFF61-64.indd 64
trend has been necessitated to a large extent by the loss of
experienced minds in the downturn and the emergence of many
new, smaller operators in areas like the UK continental shelf.
One of the biggest challenges has been the change of oper-
atorship in this region over the last four to five years. Where
there used to be five to seven very big operators, today we see
a huge increase in the number of operators. A number of these
are relatively small. These smaller companies require large-scale
support from the supply chain in order to function.
The push from these companies is two-fold: increased reliance
on the supply chain for efficiencies of course, but also for industry
expertise and commercial feasibility.
In this new commercial environment, the challenge for service
companies is stark. The industry needs solutions that are both
technically proficient and cost efficient. While it has been a
challenging period, the market is now seeing a resurgence of
the subsea supply chain. It is a sector that has had to re-evaluate
itself and how it operates on almost every level. Surviving
companies in this sector have had to emerge stronger, more fit
for today’s market, with new ideas and initiatives.
Encouragingly, this is happening. Supply chain companies
have gone back to basic fundamentals to create an approach
built on four basic pillars: engaging early with customers; de-
livering fit-for-purpose integrated technology; flexible com-
mercial partnerships and commercial collaboration; and re-
al-time data management, diagnostics and life-of-field (LOF)
management. Central to the idea is the totex and LOF man-
agement, and a fundamental re-think as to how they engage
with operators.
One such development is the advent of Subsea Connect, a
new reservoir-to-topsides technology that makes use of light-
weight, modular subsea technologies that can help offshore
operators lower the total cost of ownership for the full life of
the field.
By leveraging these new operational models, the industry
will serve as an example to others. Its success will be driven by
the mutually beneficial nature of totex, with individuals at all
levels delivering value and creating a new generation to act as
the new pioneers for field development and asset longevity to
the benefit of the whole industry, including the supply chain,
for decades to come.
ROMAIN CHAMBAULT
DIRECTOR EUROPE—OILFIELD EQUIPMENT
BAKER HUGHES, A GE COMPANY
WWW.OFFSHORE-MAG.COM | OFFSHORE   SEPTEMBER 2019
8/30/19 1:23 PM
 AADE
AMERICAN
ASSOCIATION OF
DRILLING ENGINEERS
FLUIDS 2 0 2 0
THE PREMIER TECHNICAL CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION
DRILLING | COMPLETION | CEMENTING | FRACTURING

April 14-15 | 2020 Abstract Request

Houston | Texas
The AADE FTCE committee invites you
to share your technical knowledge and
expertise with your industry peers at the 2020
NEW VENUE premier fluids conference. Submit an abstract
related to one of our diverse set of technical topics
MARRIOTT MARQUIS for consideration. Abstract guidelines and submission
DOWNTOWN HOUSTON information can be found at www.aade.org.

The American Association of SUGGESTED TOPICS: September 25, 2019

Drilling Engineers will host the
2020 Fluids Technical Conference
and Exhibition covering
applications, improvements,
and innovations in drilling,
completion, cementing, and
fracturing fluids. This conference
will be of interest to all operators
seeking more efficiencies in
the various fluid domains,
service companies of all sizes,
drilling contractors, equipment
and materials suppliers,
manufacturers, and distributors.
CHAIRMAN
Ahmed Amer
aamer@newpark.com
TECHNICAL PROGRAM CO-CHAIRS
Jim Freidheim
JFriedheim@miswaco.slb.com
Nils Kageson-Loe
nilskl@yahoo.com
CONFERENCE COORDINATOR
Carolyn Hendricks
aadecarolyn@att.net
- Case Histories Abstracts will be due
- Cementing and Zonal Isolation
- Completion Fluids & Spacers November 06, 2019
Authors notified of acceptance
- Corrosion
- Data & Analytics
- Deepwater February 19, 2020
- Digital Transformation Papers will be due
- Digital Solutions
- Displacements March 11, 2020
- Drill-In Fluids Presentations will be due
- Drilling Fluids
- Emerging Technologies
- Environmental Initiatives
- Fluids for Extreme Conditions
- Formation Damage Students
- Fracturing Fluids Students in good standing with their
- Gravel Pack Fluids academic departments and their AADE
- Hole Cleaning Student Sections are invited to submit
- Hydraulics and Rheology a maximum 250-word abstract on a
- Lost Circulation non-commercial topic of interest at
- Managed Pressure Drilling www.aade.org using the link for Student
- Openhole Completions Poster and Presentation Contest.
- Produced Water/Brine
- Production Stimulation
Student Abstracts Due
- Regulatory Compliance December 16, 2019
- Recycling and Reuse of Fluids
Those students selected to participate
- Software Modeling
in the poster and presentation
- Solids Control Technologies
competition will be notified of
- Spotting Fluids
acceptance by January 14, 2020.
- Sustainable Initiatives for Fluids
- Test Equipment and Procedures
- Unconventional Drilling
- Underbalanced Drilling

PROGRAM COORDINATOR
Mary Dimataris
- Waste Management
- Water Transfer
- Wellbore Integrity
AADE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION
- Wellbore Stabilization of DRILLING ENGINEERS
mdimataris@outlook.com

w w w . a a d e . o r g

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