AIR TRAFFIC SAFETY ENGINEERING MANUAL OF OPERATIONS and SOPs PDF

NIGERIAN AIRSPACE MANAGEMENT AGENCY
AIR TRAFFIC SAFETY ENGINEERING

MANUAL OF OPERATIONS AND STANDARD
OPERATING PROCEDURES
DIRECTORATE OF AIR TRAFFIC SAFETY ELECTRONICS AND ENGINEERING SERVICES

NIGERIAN AIRSPACE MANAGEMENT AGENCY
FIRST EDITION
FEBRUARY 2016
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VISION
To be one of the leading CNS and power
system services providers in the World.
Mission
To provide safe, efficient, effective and
economic Air Navigation Services to
airspace users through the deployment of
new technologies and dedicated
workforce.
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DISTRIBUTION LIST
S/N NAME DESIGNATION SIGNATURE DATE
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AMENDMENT PROCEDURES
The Director of Safety Electronics and Engineering Services (DSEES) is

responsible for the initiation of all amendment procedures in respect of this
manual. Copies of all approved amendments shall be made available to all
operating units.
Within six (6) weeks of the conclusion of an amendment procedure to the

manual, a confirmation shall be provided by the DSEES that an amendment
action has been effected by the return of the amendment control page for
signing and dating by the designated individuals. All amendments shall be
clearly numbered at the bottom of each page with the date of the
amendment.
All concluded amendments shall be duly submitted for the consideration of

the Director General of NCAA.
All amendments must be entered in the Record of Amendment.
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RECORD OF AMENDMENTS
Issue No. Date Applicable Date Entered Entered By Signature
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Table of Contents
FOREWORD 16
DOCUMENT IDENTIFICATION/TITLE 17
STRUCTURE OF THE MANUAL 17
RELEVANT DOCUMENTS 18
DISTRIBUTION OF THE MANUAL 19
DEFINITIONS 20
ABBREVIATIONS 22
PART I – MANUAL OF OPERATIONS

Chapter 1: DSEES Structure and Responsibility
1.1 DSEES Structure 26

1.1.4 DSEES Structure at the Operational Unit Levels 26
1.2 Responsibilities of DSEES 27
1.3 Responsibilities of DSEES Departments 28
1.3.1 Electronics Communications Department 28
1.3.2 Navigational Aids Department 28
1.3.3 Surveillance Department 28
1.3.4 Terrestrial Services Department 29
1.3.5 Workshop, Planning and Logistics Department 29
1.3.6 Electro-Mechanical Systems Department 29
1.3.7 Training, Licensing and Staff Matters Department 30
Chapter 2: Key Personnel and Duties
2.1 Director (SEES) 31

2.2 General Manager (Electronic Communications) 31
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2.3 General Manager (Navigational Aids) 32
2.4 General Manager (Surveillance Systems) 33
2.5 General Manager (Terrestrial Services) 33
2.6 General Manager (Workshop, Planning and Logistics 34
2.7 General Manager ( Electromechanical Systems) 34
2.8 General Manager (Training, Licensing and Staff Matter 35
2.9 Calibration Manager 36
2.10 Deputy General Managers 36
2.11 Assistant General Managers 37
2.12 Chief Air Traffic Safety Systems Officer 38
2.13 Assistant Chief Air Traffic Safety Systems Of 38
2.14 Principal Air Traffic Safety System Office 39
2.15 Senior Air Traffic Safety System Officer 39
2.16 Air Traffic Safety Systems Officer I 40
2.17 Air Traffic Safety Systems Officer II 40
2.18 Technical Officer and Assistant Technical Officer 40
Chapter 3: Operational Policies
3.1 General 42
3.2 Policy Objectives 42
3.3 Training Policy 43
3.4 Personnel Recruitment and Development Policy 47
3.5 Duty Watch and Rostering Policy 48
3.6 Logging and Archiving Policy 49
3.7 Recurrency and Currency Policy 50
3.8 CNS Systems and Spares Procurement Policy 50
3.9 Calibration Policy 50
3.10 Contingency Plans 51
3.11 Security Plans 52
3.12 Maintenance Policy 52
3.12.4 Return of Equipment to Service 52
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3.12.5 Personnel Maintenance Requirements 53
3.12.6 On-Site Maintenance Policy 54
3.13 Maintenance of Documents and Record 54
3.14 ATSEP Licence Control Policy 55
3.14 Quality Assurance and Safety Management Policy 56
Chapter 4: Operational and Maintenance Procedures
4.1 Objectives 59
4.2 Facilities and Equipment Maintenance Procedures 59
4.2.2 Operational Procedures for Station Categories 60
4.2.3 Preventive and Corrective Maintenance Instructions 60
4.2.4 Component Replacement 61
4.2.5 Probe Precautions 62
4.2.6 Transmitter Precautions 63
4.2.7 Fuse Protections 63
Chapter 5: System Performance Indicators
5.1 Introduction 65
5.2 Satellite Communications RF Equipment Specifications 65
5.3 Satellite MODEM Specifications 66
5.4 Satellite communication Multiplexers Specifications 67
5.5 AFTN Message Switch Circuit Parameters 68
5.6 Satellite Interface Parameters 69
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5.7 VOR Operational Specifications 70
5.8 ILS Technical Details 74
5.9 Technical Details: Collocation with CVOR or ILS 79
5.10 Surveillance Systems Technical Details 81
PART 2 – STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES
Chapter 1: General Information
1.1 Purpose 85
1.2 Structure of this Part 86
Chapter 2: SOP-ATSE-ECOM-01: Electronic Communications
2.1 Introduction 87
2.2 Classification of Facilities 87
2.3 Electronic Communications Services 88
2.4 Electronic Communications Equipment/Facilities 88
2.4.2 Satellite Access Techniques 88
2.5 Maintenance and Inspection Instructions 90
2.5.1 General Requirements for Shift Duty 90
2.5.2 General Requirements for Site Inspection 91
2.5.3 Procedures for Fault Reporting and Resolution 92
2.6 Maintenance Procedures for IF and RF Frequency Systems 95
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2.6.1 Solid State Power Amplifier 95
2.6.2 Up Converter 95
2.6.3 Down Converter 96
2.6.4 Modem 96
2.6.5 Multiplexers 97
2.7 Procedures for Checking the DIVOS Clients Status 97
2.8 Corrective Maintenance Instructions 98
2.9 Maintenance Schedule 99
2.10 Procedures for Emergencies 104
Chapter 3: SOP-ATSE-TSER-02: Terrestrial Services
3.1 Introduction 105
3.3 Terrestrial Services Applications 106
3.4 Terrestrial Services Equipment/Facilities 107
3.5.3 General Provisions on Maintenance 114
3.6 Maintenance of Terrestrial Radio Systems 115
3.7 Maintenance Guideline for Switching and Cable Network 121
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3.8 Unscheduled Maintenance Procedures for Radio Systems 124
Chapter 4: SOP-ATSE-ANAV-03: Navigational Aids
4.3 Navigational Aids Services 127
4.4. Navigational Aids Equipment/Facilities 127
4.6 Maintenance Procedures for Navigational Aids Systems 137
4.6.1 Equipment Operations and Switching on Procedures 137
4.6.2 Maintenance 141
4.7 Maintenance of VHF Omnidirectional Radio Range 143
4.8 Maintenance of Instrument Landing System 147
4.9 Distance Measuring Equipment 155
4.10 Non-Directional Beacon/Locator Beacon 157
4.11 Flight Calibration of Navigational Aids 161
4.12 Corrective Maintenance 162
4.13 Fault Location and Troubleshooting Procedures 163
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Chapter 5: SOP-ATSE-SURV-04: Surveillance Systems
5.3 Air Traffic Surveillance Services 167
5.4 Air Traffic Surveillance Equipment/Facilities 167
5.6 Surveillance Systems Maintenance Procedures 169
5.7 TOPSKY Corrective Maintenance Procedures 181
5.8 Procedures for Topsky/Eurocat-C System Administration 182
Chapter 6: SOP-ATSE-ELMS-05: Electromechanical Systems
6.2 Classification of Electromechanical Facilities 195
6.3 Electromechanical Services 196
6.4 Maintenance Procedures 196
6.4.1 Classification and Types of Maintenance 196
6.4.2 Generator Maintenance Procedures 197
6.4.3 General Inspection 198
6.4.4 Daily Maintenance Procedures 200
6.4.5 Routine Maintenance Guidelines 200
6.4.6 Checklist for Air Conditioner Maintenance 202
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6.4.7 Central Air Conditioner 202
6.4.8 Procedures for Repair of Room Air Conditioners 203
6.5 Electrical Installations Maintenance Instructions 204
6.6 Power System Maintenance Chart 206
6.6.1 Power Generators 206
6.6.2 Air Conditioner System 208
6.6.3 Electrical System 209
6.7 Electromechanical Systems Contingency Plans 210
Chapter 7: SOP-ATSE-WOPL-06: Workshop, Planning and Logistics
7.2 Workshop, Planning and Logistics Services 211
7.3 Fault Reporting Procedures 211
7.4 Station Inspection Checklist 212
7.5 Workshop Maintenance Procedures 212
7.6 Statistics/Documentation Procedures 213
7.7 Research Procedures 213
7.8 Logistics Procedures 214
7.8.1 Incoming Items (International) 214
7.8.2 Incoming Items (Local) 214
7.8.3 Outgoing Items (Local) 214
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7.8.4 Outgoing Items (International) 214
7.9 Technical Spares Requisition Procedures 215
7.10 Equipment Lifespan Determination Procedures 215
Chapter 8: SOP-ATSE-TLSM-07: Training, Licensing and Staff Matters
8.2 TLSM Services 216
8.3 General Policy on Training 216
8.4 Levels of Training 217
8.5 ATSEP Competency 218
8.6 Preparation for Ratings 220
APPENDICES
Appendix A: Organisational Structure of the Directorate (SEES) 222
Appendix B: Sample of a Five-Watch Duty Roster 223
Appendix C: Sample of a Three-Watch Duty Roster 224
Appendix D: Daily Transmit Power Parameter Record 225
Appendix E: Technical Checklist – EUROCAT-C System 226
Appendix F: TOPSKY/EUROCAT-C Maintenance Procedure 229
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FOREWORD
This document explains the policies and procedures, instructions and guidance for use by Air
Traffic Safety Engineering personnel in the Directorate of Safety Electronics and Engineering
Services of the Nigerian Airspace Management Agency (NAMA) in the execution of their
duties. The manual also contains some or all of the information contained in relevant
technical and equipment maintenance manuals.
The manual also outlines extensively the various Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for
the various operational units in respect of handling, installation, alignment, calibration,
certification and maintenance of communications, navigation and surveillance as well as
power system facilities.
The purpose of this manual is to ensure that the Air Traffic Safety Electronics Personnel
(ATSEP) carries out his duties uniformly and in line with relevant SARPs in ICAO Annex 10
Volumes I, III, IV and V to the Chicago Convention, Nig. CARs Part 14, Section 14.7 and the
AEROTEL Manual of Standards (MOS) Part I, Part II and Part III.
The manual‘s objectives include but are not limited to: providing enlightenment for ATSEP on
safety standards within the workplace; prescribing appropriate channels of reporting on
operational and maintenance issues; and providing procedures for personnel recruitment,
training and development as contained in the Air Traffic Safety Systems Officer‘s Scheme of
Service of 2003.
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DOCUMENT IDENTIFICATION/TITLE
This Manual shall be known and cited as the Air Traffic Safety Engineering Manual of
Operations and Standard Operating Procedures. It is so designated because the Directorate
to which the personnel - for whom this Manual has been developed as a manual of
operational instructions and guidance - belong is known and referred to as the Directorate of
Air Traffic Safety Electronics and Engineering Services.
Additionally, the licence issued by the Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority to personnel involved
in the provision of CNS systems or Aeronautical Telecommunications engineering and allied
services is known as the Air Traffic Safety Engineering Personnel (ATSEP) licence.
The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has also, as reflected in ICAO Doc 7192
– AN/857 Part E-2 (Air Traffic Safety Electronics Personnel), Section 1.1.1, recognized the
terminology ―Air Traffic Safety Electronics Personnel (ATSEP)‖ to be sufficiently
representative of the technical and engineering personnel performing aeronautical
telecommunications tasks.
Summarily, the adoption of this nomenclature is premised upon the following authorities:
1. ICAO Doc 7192 – AN/857.

2. Nigeria Civil Aviation Regulations (Nig. CARs) Part 2, Section 21.
3. Air Traffic Safety Systems Officer‘s (ATSSO) Scheme of Service, 2003 (As approved
by the Federal Government of Nigeria).
STRUCTURE OF THE MANUAL

This manual has been divided into two parts, namely: Part 1 – Manual of Operations, and
Part 2 – Standard operating Procedures.
Part 1- Manual of Operations is made up of the following Chapters:

 Chapter 1: DSEES Structure and Responsibility
 Chapter 2: Key Personnel and Duties
 Chapter 3: Operational Policies
 Chapter 4: Operational and Maintenance Procedures
 Chapter 5: System Performance Indicators
Part 2 – Standard Operating Procedures is made up of the following Chapters:

 Chapter 1: General Information
 Chapter 2: SOP-ATSE-ECOM-01- Electronic Communications
 Chapter 3: SOP-ATSE-TSER-02- Terrestrial Services
 Chapter 4: SOP-ATSE-ANAV-03- Navigational Aids
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 Chapter 5: SOP-ATSE-SURV-04- Surveillance Systems
 Chapter 6: SOP-ATSE-ELMS-05- Electromechanical Systems
 Chapter 7: SOP-ATSE-WOPL-06- Workshop, Planning and Logistics
 Chapter 8: SOP-ATSE-TLSM-07- Training, Licensing and Staff Matters
Appendices:
 Appendix A: Organisational Structure of the DSEES
 Appendix B: Sample of a Five-Watch Duty Roster
 Appendix C: Sample of a Three-Watch Duty Roster
 Appendix D: Daily Transmit Power Parameter Record
 Appendix E: Technical Checklist – EUROCAT-C System
 Appendix F: TOPSKY/EUROCAT-C Maintenance Procedure
RELEVANT DOCUMENTS
This Manual shall be read in conjunction with:
(I) Section 30 (3) (n) of the Civil Aviation Act 2006.
(II) ICAO Annex 10 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation with the
following volumes:
a. Vol. I – Radio Navigation Aids
b. Vol. III - Communications Systems
c. Vol. IV- Surveillance Radar and Collision Avoidance Systems
d. Vol. V - Aeronautical Radio Frequency Spectrum Utilization
(III)ICAO Doc. 8071(Manual on Testing of Radio Navigation Aids)
(IV) ICAO Doc. 9718(Radio Frequency Spectrum Requirements)

(V) ICAO Doc 8144(Regional Air Navigation Meetings)
(VI) ICAO Doc. 8400(ICAO Abbreviations and Codes)
(VII) ICAO Doc. 9683(Human Factors Training Manual)
(VIII) Nig. CARs 2015
(IX) ICAO Doc 7192, Part E-2 (Air Traffic Safety Electronics Personnel)
(X) NCAA MOS Part 1 (Aeronautical Telecommunications)
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DISTRIBUTION OF THE MANUAL
Master copies (in Soft and Hard formats) will be held by the Director of Safety Electronics and
Engineering Services and the Manager in charge of the Training, Licensing and Staff Matters
(TLSM) Unit of the Directorate of Air Traffic Safety Electronics and Engineering Services of
the Nigerian Airspace Management Agency.
Controlled copies shall be distributed to:
 The Managing Director/Chief Executive, Nigerian Airspace Management Agency.

 The Legal Adviser, Nigerian Airspace Management Agency.
 The General Managers in charge of the following Departments in the Directorate of Air
Traffic Safety Electronics and Engineering Services: Electronic Communications
Department; Terrestrial Services Department; Navigational Aids Department;
Surveillance Systems Department; Electromechanical Systems Department;
Workshop, Planning and Logistics Department; and the Training, Licensing and Staff
Matters Department.
 The Head of the departments of Electronic Communications, Navigational Aids,
Surveillance Systems and Electromechanical Systems at all the stations, airports or
operational units where Aeronautical Telecommunications or CNS/ATM technical
services are rendered nationwide.
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DEFINITIONS
 Air-Ground Communication: Two-way communication between aircraft and ground-

based ATC locations or centres.
 Air-to-Ground Communication: One-way communication from aircraft to stations or

locations on the surface of the earth.
 Air Traffic Management: The aggregation of the airborne functions and ground-based
functions air traffic services, airspace management and air traffic flow management)
required to ensure safe and efficient movement of aircraft during all phases of operations.
 Air Traffic Safety Electronics (or Engineering) Personnel: Personnel involved in

operation, maintenance and installation of a CNS/ATM system.
 Air traffic safety engineering service: An aeronautical telecommunications or

CNS/ATM systems service provided for aeronautical purpose.
 Approved Training Organization (ATO): An organization approved by a Contracting

State in accordance with the requirements of Annex 1, paragraph 1.2.8.2 and Appendix 2
to perform training and operating under the supervision of that State.
 Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS): The automatic provision of current,

routine information to arriving and departing aircraft throughout 24 hours or a specified
portion thereof.
 Data Gen: One of the functionalities of an air traffic surveillance system that allows
ATCOs to generate, update and manage Radar data.
 Equipment: Portion of a system that performs a function that contributes to a systems

output (s).
 Flight Information Region (FIR): An airspace of defined dimensions within which flight
information service and alerting service are provided.
 Glide Path: A descent profile determined for vertical guidance during a final approach.
 Map Gen: A Radar system resource that allows an operator to generate, update and
manage Radar mosaic.
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 Primary Surveillance Radar: A surveillance radar system which uses reflected radio
signals.
 Radar: A radio detection device which provides information on range, azimuth and/or
elevation of objects.
 Service: A function and/or data critical to the system/user, provided directly or indirectly,
either individually, or as part of an overall function or output.
 System: One or more types of electronic equipment and ancillary devices functioning to
provide a service.
 System Rating: System knowledge, attitude and skills leading to recognized

competency.
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ABBREVIATIONS
 AC: Alternating current

 AFISNET: African Indian Ocean Satellite Network
 AFTN: Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network
 AIB: Accident Investigation Bureau
 AIS: Aeronautical Information Service
 AMF: Automatic Mains Failure
 AMHS: Air traffic Services Message Handling System
 ATC: Air Traffic Control
 ATCOs: Air Traffic Control Officers
 ATE: Aeronautical Telecommunications Engineering
 ATIS: Automatic Terminal Information Service
 ATM: Air Traffic Management
 ATO: Approved Training Organisation
 ATS: Air Traffic Service (s)
 ATSEP: Air Traffic Safety Engineering (or Electronics) Personnel
 ATS/DS: Air Traffic Services/Direct Speech
 ATSSO: Air Traffic Safety Systems Officer
 CMOS: Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
 CNS: Communication, Navigation and Surveillance
 CVOR: Conventional VHF Omnidirectional Radio Range
 CWP: Controller Working Position
 DC: Direct Current
 DDM: Difference in Depth of Modulation
 DME: Distance Measuring Equipment
 DP: Distribution Panel
 DSEES: Directorate (or Director) of Safety Electronics and Engineering Services
 DVOR: Doppler VHF Omnidirectional Radio Range
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 ERP: Equivalent Radiated Power
 FIR: Flight Information Region
 HF: High Frequency
 ICAO: International Civil Aviation Organization
 ICT: Information and Communication Technology
 IDF: Intermediate Distribution Frame
 IF: Intermediate Frequency
 ILS: Instrument Landing System
 KVM: Keyboard, Video, Mouse
 LED: Light Emitting Diode
 LNA: Low Noise Amplifier
 LRN: Line Replaceable Unit
 MDF: Main Distribution Frame
 MODEM: Modulator and Demodulator
 MOS: Manual of Standards
 MSSR: Monopulse Secondary Surveillance Radar
 NAVAIDS: Navigational Aids
 NCAA: Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority
 NCAT: Nigerian College of Aviation Technology
 NDB: Non-Directional Beacon
 Nig. CARs: Nigeria Civil Aviation Regulations
 Nm: Nautical Mile (s)
 NOTAM: Notices to Airmen
 OJTs: On-the-job trainings
 PABX: Private Automatic Branch Exchange
 PBN: Performance Based Navigation
 PSR: Primary Surveillance Radar
 QPSK: Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
 RCMS: Remote Control and Monitoring System
 RF: Radio Frequency
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 RMU: Ring Mains Unit
 SARPs: Standards and Recommended Practices
 SATCOM: Satellite Communication
 SDM: Sum of Difference in Modulation
 SEES: Safety Electronics and Engineering Services
 SSB: Single Side Band
 SSPA: Solid State Power Amplifier
 SSR: Secondary Surveillance Radar
 TRACON: Total Radar Coverage of Nigeria
 TX: Transmit
 USB: Upper Side Band
 VHF: Very High Frequency
 VOIP: Voice over Internet Protocol
 VOR: Very High Frequency Omni-Directional Radio Range
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PART 1 – MANUAL OF OPERATIONS
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CHAPTER 1
DSEES STRUCTURE AND RESPONSIBILITY
1.1 DSEES STRUCTURE

1.1.1 The Directorate of Safety Electronics and Engineering Services (DSEES) is one of the
directorates in the Nigerian Airspace Management Agency (NAMA). The Directorate
comprises six departments, namely: the Electronic Communications Department; the
Navigations Aids Department; the Surveillance Department; the Terrestrial Services
Department; the WPL (Workshop, Planning and Logistics Department), and the Electro-
mechanical Systems Department.
1.1.2 The DSEES also comprises the Training, Licensing and Staff Matters (TLSM) Unit.
1.1.3 The organizational structure of the Directorate of Safety Electronics and Engineering
Services at the NAMA headquarters level is as presented in Appendix A to this Manual.
1.1.4 DSEES Structure at the Operational Unit Levels
1.1.4.1 Category A Operational Units: At the airports that fall under Category A in
accordance with the categorization enumerated in Section 4.2.1 of this part of the Manual,
the following organizational structure shall apply:
MD/CE
AIRSPACE MANAGER
HEAD OF EC HEAD OF
DEPARTMENT
HEAD OF NAVAIDS SURVEILLANCE
HEAD OF EMS
HEAD OF UNIT HEAD OF UNIT HEAD OF UNIT

(SATCOM) (TERRESTRIAL) (CABLE/NETWORK)
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1.1.4.2 Category B Operational Units: At the airports that fall under Category B in
accordance with the categorization enumerated in Section 4.2.1 of this part of the Manual,
the following organizational structure shall apply:
MD/CE
AIRSPACE MANAGER
HOD ATSES
HOD EMS
EC/TS NAV SURV
1.1.4.3 Category C Operational Units: The organizational structure at an operational

unit that falls under Category C in accordance with the Categorization enumerated in
Section 4.2.1 of this part of the Manual shall be in accordance with the local standard
operating procedures of the airport to which the particular operational unit is attached.
1.2 RESPONSIBILITIES OF DSEES

1.2.1 The responsibilities of the Directorate of Safety Electronics and Engineering Services
include but are not limited to the following areas:
a) Provision of communications, navigation and surveillance services to airspace users.

b) Maintenance and installation of CNS and power systems facilities.
c) Recommendation for procurement and installation of CNS facilities.
d) Determination of the specifications of CNS and power systems equipment in line with
relevant documents.
e) Research and development of CNS facilities.
f) Alignment and flight checking of navigational facilities.
g) Development and provision of CNS facilities data bank.
h) Development and supervision of ATSEP Licensing and Systems Ratings schemes.
i) Tender document and technical evaluation.
j) Inter- and intra-FIR communication.
k) Collaboration with ATM stakeholders in the development of Airspace Architecture.
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1.3 RESPONSIBILITIES OF DSEES DEPARTMENTS
1.3.1 ELECTRONICS COMMUNICATIONS DEPARTMENT
a) Provision of extended VHF coverage services;

b) Provision and maintenance of satellite communications (SATCOM) systems and
remote-controlled air-to-ground communications services;
c) Provision of ATS/DS voice communication services;
d) Provision of Data base for mapping, charting, OPMET as contained in the AIS
Automation Project.
1.3.2 NAVIGATIONAL AIDS DEPARTMENT
a) Provision of terminal and en-route navigation facilities such as VOR-DME, and NDB;
b) Provision of precision approach navigational facilities such as Instrument Landing
Systems in association with Distance Measuring Equipment (ILS/DME), VHF Direction
Finders (VDF) and Locator Beacons;
c) Carrying out of ground checking, flight checking of navigational aids facilities in
accordance with the relevant regulations;
d) Carrying out installation, alignment and commissioning of navigational aids facilities
such as VOR-DME, ILS/DME, NDBs, Locator Beacons;
e) Carrying out repair, troubleshooting and routine maintenance of navigational aids;
f) Providing specifications on navigational aids to meet the standards recommended by
ICAO and NCAA;
g) Carrying out routine daily, weekly and monthly maintenance of all navigational aids
according to the equipment‘s specifications;
h) Carrying out flight calibration of navigational aid facilities as well as coordinating
calibration actions with a view to ensuring that flight checks are carried out within the
stipulated time.
1.3.3 SURVEILLANCE DEPARTMENT
a) Provision of Total Radar Coverage (TRACON) for the entire Nigerian airspace through
the use of PSR and SSR services;
b) Ensuring the serviceability of the nine Radar stations;
c) Assisting ATC in designing the new air routes through the use of Map Gen and Data
Gen;
d) Archiving air situation, voice and data communication between ATC and pilots;
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e) Coordinating with AIB in displaying archived air situation information;
f) Carrying out monthly backup of Radar system and sub-system data;
g) Maintenance and repair of all Radar equipment;
h) Calibration of Primary and Secondary Radar systems.
1.3.4 TERRESTRIAL SERVICES DEPARTMENT
a) Provision of VHF coverage for aerodrome and approach air traffic services;
b) Provision of HF coverage for ground-to-air and ground-to-ground communications;
c) Provision of aerodrome controller working position facilities;
d) Provision of backbone infrastructure for METEO data;
e) Provision of intra- and inter airport telephony systems;
f) Installation and maintenance of PABX systems;
g) Installation and maintenance of internal and external line plants;
h) Provision of electronic logging and archiving of ATC voice communication and
associated ATS voice communications.
1.3.5 WORKSHOP, PLANNING AND LOGISTICS DEPARTMENT
a) Workshop equipment maintenance of all CNS/ATM facilities;

b) CNS Planning, research and statistics;
c) Spare parts administration;
d) Data and documentation Management;
e) Quality assurance;
f) Provision of technical aid on CNS facilities;
g) Logistical movement of CNS/ATM spare parts and equipment;
h) Provision of equipment maintenance procedures.
i) Collaboration with CNS Stores in respect of spares requisition, issuance and
distribution.
1.3.6 ELECTRO-MECHANICAL SYSTEMS DEPARTMENT
a) Provision of electrical power supply to all CNS equipment sites and offices through
public power supply;
b) Provision of backup power supply through mechanical generators, solar hybrid
systems and other alternative power sources;
c) Provision of adequate, stable and regulated electrical power using automatic voltage
regulators and Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS)
d) Provision of adequate air conditioning for all CNS equipment sites and offices;
e) Provision of maintenance for tractors and vehicles for CNS day-to-day activities;
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f) Provision of all other related electrical appliances such as lights, beacon lights,
aerodrome beacon lights, and crash alert systems;
g) Provision of earthing and lightning protection for all CNS facilities.
1.3.7 TRAINING, LICENSING AND STAFF MATTERS (TLSM) UNIT
a) Management of DSEES training and development;

b) Coordination of ATSEP Licensing and systems ratings;
c) DSEES personnel data management;
d) Preparation of training schemes and schedules for the directorate;
e) Coordination of DSEES staff matters including recruitment, advancement, promotion,
postings, etc.;
f) Coordination of DSEES personnel certification with professional bodies;
g) Handling other matters as may be directed by the Director (Safety Electronics and
Engineering Services).
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CHAPTER TWO
KEY PERSONNEL AND DUTIES
2.1 DIRECTOR (SEES)
2.1.1 Responsible for the overall administration and management of the Directorate;
2.1.2 Involved in issues relating to the formulation of NAMA management policies;
2.1.3 Involved in the formulation and implementation of policies that relate to the day- to-
day management of the Directorate;
2.1.4 Responsible for initiating the procedures for the establishment of Standard Operating
Procedures for all Departments and units in the Directorate;
2.1.5 Responsible for the conceptualization of engineering projects to meet the
requirements of CNS/ATM systems Standard and Recommended Practices;
2.1.6 Responsible for the supervision of the development of Engineering Tender Document,
Contract Evaluations/Negotiations;
2.1.7 Advises the Managing Director/Chief Executive on all matters affecting the Directorate;
2.1.8 Provides directives on the Calibration of CNS facilities;
2.1.9 Performs other ad-hoc duties as may be assigned by the Managing Director/Chief
Executive.
2.2 GENERAL MANAGER (ELECTRONICS COMMUNICATION)
2.2.1 Responsible for advising the Director on issues relating to the department;
2.2.2 Participates in the formulation of the Directorate policies;
2.2.3 Responsible for the formulation and implementation of policies relating to
Electronics Communication Department;
2.2.4 Responsible for the establishment of Standard Operating Procedures for
Electronics Communication Department;
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2.2.5 Responsible for the execution of Electronics Communication projects in line
with ICAO SARPs;
2.2.6 Responsible for the preparation of engineering tender documents, contract
evaluation for Electronics Communication Department;
2.2.7 Assists in the implementation of ATSEP Licensing/Rating Scheme for all
systems under Electronics Communication domain;
2.2.8 Advises the Director on all matters affecting the department;
2.2.9 Performs other ad-hoc duties as may be assigned by the director.
2.3 GENERAL MANAGER (NAVIGATIONAL AIDS)

2.3.3 Responsible for the formulation and implementation of Policies relating to Navigational
Aids Department;
2.3.4 Responsible for the establishment of Standard Operating Procedures for Navigational
Aids Department;
2.3.5 Responsible for the execution of navigational aids projects in line with ICAO SARPs;
2.3.6 Responsible for the preparation of engineering tender documents, contract evaluation
for Navigational Aids Department;
2.3.7 Assists in the implementation of ATSEP Licensing/Rating Scheme for all systems
under navigational aids domain;
2.3.9 Performs other ad-hoc duties as may be assigned by the director;
2.3.10 Responsible for coordinating the calibration of all navigational aids facilities.
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2.4 GENERAL MANAGER (SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS)
2.4.3 Responsible for the formulation and implementation of Policies relating to Surveillance
Department;
2.4.4 Responsible for the establishment of Standard Operating Procedures for Surveillance
Department;
2.4.5 Responsible for the execution of surveillance projects in line with ICAO SARPs;
for Surveillance Department;
under surveillance domain;
2.4.10 Responsible for the execution of Surveillance Projects in line with ICAO SARPs.
2.5 GENERAL MANAGER (TERRESTRIAL SERVICES)

2.5.3 Responsible for the formulation and implementation of Policies relating to Terrestrial
Services Department;
2.5.4 Responsible for the establishment of Standard Operating Procedures for Terrestrial
Services Department;
2.5.5 Responsible for the execution of Terrestrial Services projects in line with ICAO
SARPs;
for Terrestrial Services Department;
under terrestrial services domain;
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2.6 GENERAL MANAGER (WORKSHOP, PLANNING AND LOGISTICS)
2.6.3 Responsible for the formulation and implementation of Policies relating to Workshop,
Planning and Logistics Department;
2.6.4 Responsible for the establishment of Standard Operating Procedures for Workshop,
Planning and Logistics Department;
2.6.5 Responsible for the execution of Workshop, Planning and Logistics projects in line with
ICAO SARPs;
for Workshop, Planning and Logistics Department;
2.6.9 Maintains the data base of all CNS equipment and advise management accordingly;
2.6.10 Advises management on procurement issues;
under WPL domain;
2.6.12 Oversees quality assurance of all CNS/ATM system.
2.7 GENERAL MANAGER (ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS)
2.7.3 Responsible for the formulation and implementation of Policies relating to Electro-
mechanical Systems Department;
34
2.7.4 Responsible for the establishment of Standard Operating Procedures for
Electromechanical Systems Department;
2.7.5 Responsible for the execution of Electromechanical Systems projects in line with ICAO
SARPs;
for Electromechanical Systems Department;
under electromechanical services domain;
2.7.10 Ensures uninterrupted Power Supply to all CNS facilities nationwide;
2.7.11 Ensures adequate cooling systems at all CNS facilities nationwide.
2.8 GENERAL MANAGER (TRAINING, LICENSING & STAFF MATTERS)

2.8.1 Assists the Director in the administration and management of the directorate;
2.8.2 Oversees all aspects of Training, Staff Licensing and Ratings, Staff Matters and
welfare;
2.8.3 Sourcing for training opportunities from Institutions/Organizations both within and
outside Nigeria;
2.8.4 Co-ordinates training activities for the Directorate and collaborate with others within
NAMA on training matters;
2.8.5 Formulates and reviews Training schedules for the Directorate in consultation with the
General Managers of the Directorate;
2.8.6 Prepares and presents DSEES personnel for licensing courses at approved training
organisations;
35
2.8.7 Responsible for monitoring staff engagement, distribution and postings matters for the
directorate;
2.8.8 Liaises with the appropriate directorate or departments of NAMA on issues relating to
DSEES personnel advancement and promotion;
2.8.9 Handles other duties as may be assigned by the Director (Safety Electronics and
2.9 CALIBRATION MANAGER
2.9.1 Responsible for the planning and scheduling of calibration exercises;
2.9.2 Undertakes the Execution of navigational aids, Surveillance and PAPI calibration
exercises;
2.9.3 Responds to issues relating to equipment calibrations;
2.9.4 Responsible for the maintenance and updating of all calibration database;
2.9.5 Responsible for the submission of calibration reports to Nigerian Civil Aviation
Authority and other relevant authorities;
2.9.6 Responsible for the execution of ATC Procedure checks as well as VHF/HF Radio
Coverage checks;
2.9.7 Carries out any other duties as may be assigned by the Director (Safety Electronics
and Engineering Services).
2.10 DEPUTY GENERAL MANAGERS (DGMs)

1. Assists the relevant General Manager in the administration of the department;
2. Takes charge of a division under the CNS/Power systems environment;
36
3. Assists in the validation of the certification requirements of CNS/Power systems
personnel;
4. Involved in feasibility studies for new projects as well as in the preparation of budgets
and estimates;
5. Involved in project execution and supervision;

6. Responsible for interpreting regulations to ensure conformity with Air Traffic Safety
Systems Personnel procedures and practices.
2.11 ASSISTANT GENERAL MANAGERS (AGMs)

1. Assists in planning, coordinating, and executing maintenance programmes for CNS
and Power systems;
2. Assists in the formulation of policies and studies relating to air traffic safety systems
and facilities;
3. Involved in feasibility studies for new projects as well as in the preparation of budgets
and estimates;
4. Responsible for analyzing the Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) and Mean Time
Between Repairs (MTBR) data for effective logistics supports;
5. Assists in initiating policies and programme review of Communications, Navigation ,

Surveillance and power systems
6. Assists in implementing national policies on planning, designing, procurement,
installation, reactivation and maintenance of CNS and power systems in line with
ICAO SARPs and NCAA regulations;
7. Takes responsibility for CNS and CNS Power systems operations;
8. Responsible for enforcing 3rd level maintenance standards including modifications, and
replacement of modules;
9. Responsible for managing an operational unit;
10. Involved in the co-ordination of licensing training programme at the station level;
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11. Responsible for the supervision of stock replenishment of stations‘ installations and
maintenance items as well as system ground checks devices and modules.
2.12 CHIEF AIR TRAFFIC SAFETY SYSTEMS OFFICER

1. Involved in the maintenance and operations of CNS and power systems facilities;
2. Assists in carrying out feasibility studies for new projects as well as preparing annual
reports, estimates and budgets;
3. Participates in the execution of search and rescue operations;
4. Carries out ground based systems checks as well as preparing same for calibration;
5. Responsible for collating data on Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) and Mean
Time Between Repairs (MTBR) for Communication, Navigation, Surveillance and
power systems;
6. Responsible for determining the status and level of calibration and standardization of
all test gears and instruments;
7. Responsible for ensuring that all safety systems required for emergency and distress
purposes are available.
2.13 ASSISTANT CHIEF AIR TRAFFIC SAFETY SYSTEMS OFFICER

1. Assists the Chief Air Traffic Safety Systems Officer in the maintenance and operations
of Air Traffic Safety Systems facilities in the areas of aerodrome, approach and area
controls as well as associated CNS power systems;
2. Assists in enforcing Air Traffic Safety Facilities Standards in the areas of system
maintenance, diagnosis, certification, and so on;
3. Involved in preventive and corrective maintenance of CNS facilities in his or her

station;
4. Responsible for assisting in determining the status and level of calibration and
standardization of all test gears and instruments;
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5. Assists in carrying out ground based systems checks as well as preparing same for
calibration;
4. Assists in ensuring that all safety systems required for emergency and distress
purposes are available;
5. Responsible for collating data on users‘ system performance and all aspects of Air
Traffic safety systems as required.
2.14 PRINCIPAL AIR TRAFFIC SAFETY SYSTEMS OFFICER

1. Heads CNS and Power systems facilities at remote stations to ensure the effective
management of airspace infrastructure;
2. Responsible for checking CNS and power systems facilities to ensure optimum system
performance;
3. Participates in conducting On-The-Job Training (OJT) programmes for licensing

trainees at station levels;
4. Responsible for checking records on the systems‘ Mean Time Between Failures
(MTBF) and mean Time Between Repairs (MTBR to ensure compliance with ICAO
SARPs and NCAA regulations;
5. Responsible for the co-ordination of roster and watch duty activities and for preparing
reports on the systems performance in remote stations.
2.15 SENIOR AIR TRAFFIC SAFETY SYSTEMS OFFICER

1. Responsible for carrying out general maintenance, inspection, diagnosis, repairs and
operations of all Air Traffic Safety Systems;
2. Participates in carrying out alignment, recommended and specified checks on all CNS
and Power systems;
3. Participates in carrying out calibration and maintenance of test gears and instruments;
4. Assists in preparing periodic reports on facilities;
5. Participates in the flight check of ground based systems.
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2.16 AIR TRAFFIC SAFETY SYSTEMS OFFICER I
1. Performs general air traffic safety systems preventive and corrective maintenance
procedures under supervision;
1. Participates in checking the status of ground based airspace systems;
2. Carries out parameter checks of systems;
3. Takes appropriate actions to ensure the safety of air navigation facilities;
4. Assists in the installation, repair, alignment and ground checks of facilities;
5. Participates in carrying out routine inspections and checks of ground based facilities.
2.17 AIR TRAFFIC SAFETY SYSTEMS OFFICER II

5. Assists in the installation, repair, alignment and ground checks of facilities;
6. Participates in carrying out routine inspections and checks of ground based facilities;
2.18 TECHNICAL OFFICER AND ASSISTANT TECHNICAL OFFICER

40
5. Assists in the installation, repair, alignment and ground checks;
6. Participates in carrying out routine inspections and checks of ground based facilities.
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CHAPTER THREE
OPERATIONAL POLICIES
3.1 GENERAL
3.1.1 The Nigerian Airspace Management Agency is the sole air navigation service provider
(ANSP) in Nigeria. The Directorate of Safety Electronics and Engineering Services
(DSEES) is one of the directorates in the Agency. The Directorate comprises six
departments, namely: the Electronic Communications Department; the Navigations Aids
Department; the Surveillance Department; the Terrestrial Services Department; the WPL
(Workshop, Planning and Logistics Department), and the Electro-mechanical Systems
Department. The DSEES also comprises of the Training, Licensing and Staff Matters
(TLSM) Unit.
3.2 POLICY OBJECTIVES

3.2.1 To outline a body of instructions as well as operational, administrative and
maintenance specifications for use by, and guidance of, air traffic safety engineering
personnel in order to ensure the performance of their duties within applicable regulatory
requirements and in line with procedures enumerated in Chapter 4 of this Part of the
Manual.
3.2.2 Corporate Commitment
3.2.2.1 All air traffic safety engineering personnel shall, in the course of performing their
duties and responsibilities in furtherance of the safety and efficiency of air navigation
services, comply, at all times, with the instructions, operational specifications,
maintenance procedures and guidance contained in this manual as well as with the
contents of other appropriate operational and/or maintenance documentation.
3.2.2.1 In order to continue to ensure compliance with the requirements of the Nig. CARs
14.0.3, the operations of the Air Traffic Safety Electronics and Engineering Services division
of NAMA shall, in addition to complying with appropriate provisions of the Nig. CARs, be
carried out in strict adherence to the structures and responsibilities contained in Chapters 1
and 2 of the first part of this manual, the directive policies enumerated in Chapter 3 of the first
part of this manual, and the procedures prescribed in Chapter 4 of Part 1 of this manual.
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3.3 TRAINING POLICY
3.3.1 The directorate‘s training policy reflects the Agency‘s overall attitude towards training.
It is also a reflection of the needs addressed by applicable regulatory and other
requirements particularly ICAO Doc 7192 (ATSEP Training Manual) and the approved Air
Traffic Safety Systems Officers‘ Scheme of Service, 2003.
3.3.2 The major focus of DSEES‘s training policy is to ensure that the training function is
properly organized to achieve the broad corporate policy through the attainment of
specific broad objectives of NAMA. The functional implication of this policy focus is that
the Training, Licensing and Staff Matters (TLSM) of DSEES, at all times, remains the only
vehicle for coordinating, planning and executing training activities in the directorate,
whether such training is offered in- house, outsourced to external consultants, executed
through open courses, or part of contractor/ system supplier agreement or initiated by top
management.
3.3.3 The specific objectives of the DSEES training policy include:-
i. To determine training needs by the carrying out, from time-to-time, an audit of

development needs of the staff of DSEES in order to ensure that the right
training is given, especially to the critical personnel directly linked to air traffic
safety engineering duties and thus ensure safe and functional air navigation
services.
ii. To provide adequate induction to new employees of the directorate.
iii. To narrow and possibly eliminate performance gaps which may exist as a result
of training gap.
iv. To develop and maintain objective criteria and procedure for determining
training needs across the entire spectrum of DSEES‘s personnel and by so
doing ensure that the right training which would enhance the quality of the
service offerings of NAMA is given at all times.
v. To determine training targets each year based on training needs and to

establish for each training period what qualitative and quantitative balance there
shall be between off- the- training and on-the-job development activities in the
directorate.
vi. To instill a mentoring programme as a developmental tool to enhance

qualitative succession by getting highly experienced executive and officers of
DSEES to groom the personnel of the directorate.
3.3.4 It shall be the responsibility of the head of each department under the Directorate of
Safety Electronics and Engineering Services to undertake, from time to time,
comprehensive task analysis of personnel in the department including a review of the
43
current jobs performed in the respective departments in terms of their demands
occasioned by changing needs, with a statement about the current knowledge, skills and
abilities (including descriptions of career tracks) in order to facilitate the design of
appropriate training programmes.
3.3.5 The training department shall, in consultation with the relevant departments, set the
desired objectives for each training programme to be undertaken by any ATO in order to
meet the operational needs of the agency.
3.3.6 The directorate shall continue to motivate and encourage personnel to undertake
personal development in areas beneficial to the directorate and the agency.
3.3.7 It shall be the responsibility of NAMA to ensure the provision of currency and recency
training and assessment for Air Traffic Safety Engineering personnel in line with the
requirements contained in NCAA MOS Part 1, Sections 6.1.2.4 and 6.1.5.
3.3.8 The Training Department shall maintain appropriate training record of all personnel of
the directorate. This is necessary to facilitate the fulfillment of the requirement contained
in Section 14.7.28.5 (d) of the Nig. CARs 2015 Part 14 – Air Navigation Services.
3.3.9 Training Facilities
3.3.9.1 The directorate shall encourage all trainings to be carried out at approved ATOs
and facilities where the relevant CNS equipment is available for OJTs.
3.3.9.2 Wherever and when possible, exchange programmes with other ANSPs shall
be encouraged with a view to fostering collaboration and understanding for operational
purposes between the various countries.
3.3.9.3 All suppliers of CNS/ATM facilities shall include training in their contract
proposal.
3.3.10 Nomination for Courses
3.3.10.1 The Training Department shall receive nominations from all departments for
upcoming courses in line with appropriately determined training needs as specified under
this policy. It is the duty of the Training Department to circulate notice for all such courses,
short-list those to participate, and ask for the release of those short-listed for such
courses.
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3.3.11 Training Programme
3.3.11.1 The pattern for training progression in the Directorate of Air Traffic Safety
Electronics and Engineering Services is illustrated hereunder:
BASIC OPERATIONAL/PRE-LICENSING TRAINING
COURSE CONTENT:
a. INTRODUCTION TO THE RULES OF THE AIR/AIR LAW

b. BASIC COURSES IN THE CORE CNS AREAS
c. BASIC COURSE ON ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS
d. INTRODUCTION TO AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL/AIR NAVIGATION
e. INTRODUCTION TO AERONAUTICAL METEOROLOGY
f. BASIC COURSE ON AIRCRAFT AIRFRAME AND POWER PLANT
g. SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
h. PROJECT MANAGEMENT
i. INTRODUCTION TO AVIONICS
j. AIRFIELD LIGHTING SYSTEMS
k. ON-THE-JOB-TRAINING (OJT)
ADVANCED SYSTEMS/RATINGS TRAINING
SYSTEM RATING AREAS:
A. COMMUNICATIONS
i. Terrestrial Radio Communication Systems
ii. Satellite Communication Systems
iii. ATN and Data Communication Links
B. RADIO NAVIGATION AIDS
i. DVOR, VOR, LB and NDB Systems
ii. Instrument Landing Systems
C. SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS
i. Primary Radar and Processing Systems
ii. Secondary Surveillance Radar and Processing Systems
iii. Mode S Radar and ADS-B.
SPECIALISED TRAINING
PERIODIC REFRESHER TRAINING COURSES
MIDDLE MANAGEMENT COURSES
SENIOR MANAGEMENT COURSES
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3.3.11.2 Basic Operational/Pre-licensing Training
1) The requirements in respect of academic qualifications for the Pre-Licensing Training

are as stated in Sub-Section 3.4.2 of part 1 of this manual.
2) The Pre-Licensing training is a twelve-week (12 week) course at an ATO. The

contents of the course are as enumerated in Sub-Section 3.3.11.1 above.
3) The aim of the training is to prepare participants for the Nigerian Civil Aviation
Authority‘s Air Traffic Safety Engineering Personnel (ATSEP) Licence.
4) The training includes a one-week On-the-Job-Training (OJT) undertaken at an air

navigation service facility.
3.3.11.3 Advanced Systems/Ratings Training
1) This is a training undertaken at an ATO and is specific to the type of System on which
a System Rating is being sought. Personnel become eligible for the training after
having acquired at least 6 months of on- the- job experience following the date of
issuance of the ATSEP Licence.
2) Following the satisfaction of the knowledge requirements, the officer seeking a System
Rating shall undergo an internship period during which he or she shall be required to
log all activities undertaken for a period of five (5) weeks and successfully complete a
check-out exercise.
3.3.11.4 Specialised Training
1) These are courses designed to enable the participants to be able to perform

specialised or advanced functions relating to the operations and maintenance of CNS
and/or power systems. They include seminars and workshops on contemporary
developments in CNS/ATM.
2) To be eligible for this training programme, an air traffic safety engineering officer must
satisfy any of the requirements in Sub-Section 3.4.2 of part 1 of this manual. The
officer must, in addition, have successful completed the Basic Pre-Licensing Course
as well as at least one Advanced Systems/Ratings Training course.
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3.3.11.5 Periodic Refresher Courses
1) These are refresher courses undertaken at an ATO or any other approved training
facility with the aim of updating the participants on contemporary issues in air traffic
safety engineering and the CNS/ATM realm.
2) Each of these courses runs for a minimum duration of two weeks.
3.3.11.6 Middle Management Courses
1) These courses are designed for Unit Heads, Heads of Departments and train-the-
trainers. They include the Air Navigation Systems and Engineering Management
Course offered by the Nigerian College of Aviation Technology, Zaria, Nigeria.
2) Middle management courses are designed for a minimum period of two weeks.
3.3.11.7 Senior Management Courses
1) These courses are designed to cater for air traffic safety engineering personnel who
are within the senior management cadre. The courses can hold at either an ATO or a
Management School or any other training facilities.
3.4 PERSONNEL RECRUITMENT AND DEVELOPMENT POLICY

3.4.1 RECRUITMENT: Recruitment of personnel into the directorate shall be based on the
following guidelines:
1. The applicant shall be at least 18 years of age

2. The applicant shall show proof of physical fitness and additional proof of intellectual
and psychological wellbeing to meet the requirement of the occupation.
3. The applicant shall have relevant academic qualifications.
4. The applicant shall not have been convicted for any criminal offence.
5. All new recruits into the directorate shall be sent on compulsory intensive training
programme on all aspects of CNS and Power systems at an approved ATO for a
period specified by the ATO for such programme.
3.4.2 Academic Qualifications
3.4.2.1 An applicant under consideration for recruitment into the directorate shall
possess any of the following:
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i. Bachelor degree in any of the following fields of Engineering: Electrical,
Electronics, Telecommunication, Aeronautical, Computer and Mechanical
Engineering.
ii. BSc/HND in any of the above enumerated disciplines.
iii. Aeronautical Telecommunication Engineering Diploma or Ordinary National
Diploma in relevant fields from an approved institution.
iv. Air Traffic Safety Electronics Personnel License in addition to any of the above
areas.
v. Equivalent of any of the above.
3.5 DUTY WATCH AND ROSTERING POLICY

3.5.1 The HOD shall prepare a monthly Duty Roster not later than one week to the end of
each month showing clearly hours of duty required by personnel of the department.
3.5.2 In order to comply with the requirement of NCAA MOS Part 1, Section 5.1.5, all duty
rosters shall be designed in a manner so as to take due cognizance of requirements for
duty rest period.
3.5.3 All personnel shall adhere strictly to their duty schedules as displayed in the roster.
3.5.4 In all cases, a Duty Watch shall be made up of a minimum of two personnel. A Five-
man Watch pattern shall be applicable to all Category A and Category C airports, while a
three-man Watch pattern shall be applicable to category B airports. Samples of the
applicable duty rosters are contained in Appendices B and C to this Manual.
3.5.5 Resumption for and Closing from Duty
3.5.5.1 No officer shall leave his or her duty post until his or her relief comes.
3.5.5.2 Handing over of station or duty post shall be physically done between the
officers taking over and those handing over.
3.5.5.3 All personnel shall resume in their duty post at least 30 minutes before the
commencement of their duties in order to be acquainted with the station‘s status before
taking over duties.
3.5.5.4 The personnel taking over duty shall proceed to take over duty and sign on as
appropriate after being acquainted with the status of the station.
3.5.5.5 No alternations are to be allowed to the watch rosters without the approval of
the head of department.
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3.5.5.6 All personnel handing over watch shall ensure that the officer taking over is fully
briefed of the station‘s status before handing over.
3.6 LOGGING AND ARCHIVING POLICY

3.6.1 Log Book Controls
3.6.1.1 All units of the directorate shall maintain a log book with the name of the
department, date of opening and date of closing clearly written on the front page.
3.6.1.2 Log Books maintained for particular equipment shall, in addition to the
requirement stated in above, bear the name of the equipment or facility.
3.6.1.3 The head of each department shall inspect the log book daily and take note of
any significant entries, including any areas that immediate action. He or she shall,
thereafter, append his or her signature as appropriate.
3.6.2 Disposal of Log Books
3.6.2.1 All hard copies of completed CNS and power systems Log Books shall be
stored for a minimum period of 180 days at the respective departments.
3.6.2.2 All CNS and Power Systems log books in electronic format shall be archived for
a minimum period of 180 days.
3.6.3 Impounding of Log Books
3.6.3.1 In the event of any incident or accident, the Log Book may be impounded upon
request by the Airspace Manager of the station concerned, the DSEES, the Director of
Operations or the Managing Director or any authorized Accident Investigation personnel.
Upon express approval of such request by the Director of Safety Electronics and
Engineering Services or the Airspace Manager of the station concerned, photocopies or
electronic copies of the loggings shall be made and kept at the station while the log book
is handed over to the appropriate authority and a fresh log book is opened for the station.
3.6.4 Log Entries
All CNS and power systems Watch Log entries shall be made in indelible ink with no
erasures and there shall be no line spacing.
No page of the log book shall be removed for any reason whatsoever. All entries on the log
book shall be made in chronological order as the events occur. All entries shall be made in
UTC.
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3.7 RECURRENCY AND CURRENCY POLICY
3.7.1 It shall be a standard policy that all air traffic safety engineering personnel performing
administrative and engineering management duties at the headquarters level shall, from
time to time, perform a minimum of eight-hour shift duty operation per week on the field.
This shall require that such personnel shall be rostered as appropriate in other to ensure
the currency of their licences and system ratings.
3.7.2 It shall be a policy that an ATSEP licence holder who is performing both administrative
and engineering management duties at the headquarters level shall, in addition to the
policy requirement in Section 3.7.1, be given appropriate refresher or recurrent training in
order to meet the requirements for recurrency.
3.7.3 To meet regulatory requirements for currency and recurrency, an air traffic safety
engineering officer, irrespective of Grade Level and form of engagement, shall be
required, at the expense of NAMA, to attend an appropriate refresher training programme
at least once a year.
3.8 CNS SYSTEMS AND SPARES PROCUREMENT POLICY

3.8.1 It shall be standard policy that all CNS systems and spare parts specifications shall be
domiciled with the Workshop, Planning and Logistics (WPL) Department of the Directorate
for control purposes during the reception of such systems and spare parts.
3.8.2 All procured CNS systems and spare parts shall be channeled through the WPL
Department for the purpose of Quality Control.
3.9 CALIBRATION POLICY
3.9.1 All CNS facilities shall be calibrated as at when due in line with ICAO specifications.
3.9.2 All newly installed CNS facilities shall be calibrated before it is put to services.
3.9.1 All Instrument Landing System and Glide Slope shall be ground- checked once in
three months and flight calibrated once every six months.
3.9.1 All conventional Very High Frequency Omni-directional Radio range shall be ground –
checked and flight calibrated once every 12 months.
3.9.1 All Doppler Very High Frequency Omni-directional Radio range shall be ground-
checked once every 12 months and flight calibrated once every three years.
3.9.1 All surveillance equipment shall be calibrated once every three years.
3.9.1 In the event of a major modification, repairs or accident, calibration shall be carried out
as soon as possible.
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3.9.1 Adequate preparation must be taken before the calibration exercise.
3.9.1 The agency shall inform the Calibration Company in good time.
3.9.1 All stations due for calibrations shall be duly informed.
3.9.1 A roster indicating stations and time for the calibration shall be published and
distributed to all stations concerned.
3.9.1 CNS/ATM facilities under calibration shall be withdrawn where necessary during the
period of calibration and a NOTAM issued accordingly.
3.9.1 Reports from calibration exercise shall be distributed to all stations and authorities
concerned. Any deficiencies observed during the calibration exercise shall be rectified
immediately and a report made to the appropriate unit.
3.10 CONTINGENCY PLANS

3.10.1 Every operational facility shall have mains and standby units. However, further
efforts shall be made where possible to provide additional redundancy.
3.10.2 In the event of partial or total failure of any CNS and Power systems facilities,
the Air Traffic Safety Engineering personnel shall mobilize without delay to ensure
restoration of services. In the event that only one of the facilities is affected, services
shall automatically be transferred to the standby. If both were affected, necessary
steps shall be taken to replace the faulty component.
3.10.3 In the event of force majeure or strike action, air traffic safety engineering
personnel on Grade Level 15 or the rank of Assistant General Manager and above or
Heads of Departments shall mobilize to maintain skeletal services pending the
resolution of the industrial dispute.
3.10.4 In the event of failure of any CNS and power systems equipment, the duty
officer shall immediately notify the ATC unit and his HOD of actions taken to restore
service.
3.10.5 All CNS/ATM facilities shall be provided with battery back-ups with generators
of appropriate ratings in the event of public power supply failure. As much as possible,
mobile generators shall be kept for easy deployment.
3.10.6 All CNS/ATM facilities shall be provided with battery back-ups with generators
of appropriate ratings in the event of public power supply failure. As much as possible,
mobile generators shall be kept for easy deployment.
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3.11 SECURITY PLANS
3.11.1 This Security Plan is intended to meet the regulatory requirements contained in
IS 14.7.4 (b) (v) of Nig. CARs 2015 Part 14 – Air Navigation Services. The primary
objective is to provide a policy for protecting all CNS and power systems facilities as
well as personnel responsible for the maintenance, operation, commissioning,
calibration, installation, inspection and alignment of these facilities nationwide.
3.11.2 All CNS and power system facilities or installations shall be properly fenced,
where applicable to ensure their safety and security.
3.11.3 Security personnel shall be deployed, in collaboration with relevant security

agencies, to all CNS and power system installations.
3.11.4 Access control devices shall be installed, where necessary, to control

unauthorized access to sensitive air traffic safety engineering facilities.
3.11.5 All CNS installations, whether located within or outside the airport perimeters,
shall be clearly marked as ―Restricted Areas‖.
3.12 MAINTENANCE POLICY

3.12.1 The maintenance of equipment requires that such equipment be removed from
service while maintenance is being carried out on it. Removal from service of such
equipment requires that consideration be given to the availability of alternative or
standby equipment to ensure service continuity.
3.12.2 In the event of total unavailability of service due to total equipment failure, the
appropriate ATC units shall be notified of the service outage.
3.12.3 On no account shall equipment be left on monitor override for operational use.
However, where the equipment is on monitor override the appropriate ATC units shall
be notified and the maintenance personnel shall ensure that such equipment is
returned to normal operation after the maintenance.
3.12.4 Return of Equipment to Service
3.12.4.1 In the event of performing maintenance, alteration or upgrading of a CNS and

power system facility, the air traffic safety engineering personnel shall be required to
make appropriate entry in the Maintenance Log Book.
52
3.12.4.2 In the event that a CNS or power system facility has been tested, ground-
checked or flight checked, the air traffic safety engineering personnel shall also be
required to make appropriate entry in the Maintenance Log Book.
3.12.4.3 An air traffic safety engineering personnel shall not approve for return to
services of any CNS and power systems facility that has undergone maintenance,
alteration and/or upgrading unless such person has tested the equipment to determine
satisfactory performance in accordance with relevant regulatory standards and the
current manufacturer‘s recommendations.
3.12.5 Personnel Maintenance Requirements
3.12.5.1 All personnel involved in maintaining CNS and Power systems facilities shall be
required to possess a minimum qualification and certification level to enable such officers
undertake maintenance responsibilities in any CNS and power systems facility. In line with
Nig. CARs – 2015, Part 14, Section 14.7.23, no officer shall perform maintenance on CNS
and power system facilities, equipment or any component thereof except such a person
is:
i. An Air Traffic Safety Electronic Personnel licensed by the appropriate

Authority.
ii. Working under supervision of an ATSEP licensed holder.
iii. A licensed ATSEP maintenance personnel performing or supervising the

maintenance of a CNS and power system facility for which the personnel
is rated.
3.12.5.2 No personnel shall be allowed to exercise the privileges of his or her licence if
he knows or suspects that he is suffering from or having regards to the circumstances of
the period of duty to be undertaken is likely to suffer from such fatigue as may endanger
the safety of any aircraft to which an aeronautical telecommunications control service is
provided.
3.12.5.3 With respect to NCAA MOS Part 1, Section 5.1.7, it shall be the policy of the
directorate that a person shall not, when exercising the privileges of an ATSEP licence, be
under the influence of alcohol or a drug to the extent as to impair his capacity to exercise
such privileges.
3.12.5.4 In line with the requirement contained in NCAA MOS Part 1, Section 6.5.4, Air
Traffic Safety Engineering personnel shall be fully conversant with current standards,
documents, instructions, directives and other relevant information.
53
3.12.6 On- site Maintenance Policy
3.12.6.1 The equipment sites shall be routinely visited as frequently as possible per day
for equipment checks.
3.12.6.2 All remote equipment sites shall be on round-the-clock remote monitoring and
control.
3.12.6.3 The surroundings of equipment sites shall be kept clean and clear of
obstructions including grasses.
3.12.6.4 Maintenance personnel shall conduct comprehensive checks and observations

of all systems and units inside equipment to ensure optimal operation.
3.12.6.5 Maintenance personnel shall ensure that all activities and observations are
logged in the Site Maintenance Logbook.
3.12.6.6 In the event of making modifications, such changes or modifications made must
be reflected in the equipment manual (circuit drawing) to update the manual in line
with the new circuitry of the equipment.
3.13 MAINTENANCE OF DOCUMENTS AND RECORDS

3.13.1 In line with IS 14.7.28 of Nig. CARs 2015 Part 14, it shall be the prerogative of the
Directorate of Safety Electronics and Engineering Services of the Nigerian Airspace
Management Agency to put a body of policy in place for the maintenance of Documents
and Records.
3.13.2 It shall be the responsibility of the Directorate of Safety Electronics and Engineering
Services of NAMA to maintain proficiency and training records for all Air Traffic Safety
Engineering personnel in line with the requirement in NCAA MOS Part 1, Section
6.1.4.11.
54
3.14 ATSEP LICENCE CONTROL POLICY
3.14.1 Pre-Licence Qualifications
3.14.1.1 All candidates for Licensing must have met the requirements laid down by
NCAA in addition to the following:
a) A minimum of OND in relevant fields or ATE Diploma from NCAT or any approved
ATO or its equivalent.
b) Higher National Diploma or its equivalent in relevant fields from a recognized
institution of higher learning.
c) Bachelor of Science, Bachelor of Technology or Bachelor of Engineering in relevant
fields from a recognized institution of higher learning.
3.14.2 Preparation for ATSEP Licence
a) The candidate to be considered for ATSEP license should have completed Pre-
Licence course at an approved training organization.
b) The candidate fills out the necessary examination forms.
c) The candidate pays examinations fees and collects the appropriate invoices.
d) The candidate sits for the required license examinations.
e) If the candidate is successful, he or she is licensed.
f) The license is documented appropriately by TLSM.
3.14.3 Issuance of Ratings and additional Ratings
3.14.3.1 The ATSEP License holder to be rated shall fulfill the following requirements in
line with the NCAA guidelines:
1. First Rating
a) The candidate should have been licensed for a minimum of One (1) year.
b) The candidate must have successfully completed approved system training at an ATO
or Equipment/System manufacturer‘s Training Centre.
c) Carry out the prescribed loggings on the equipment to be rated.
d) Write a formal application through the office of the DSEES
e) Complete appropriate NCAA ratings forms.
f) Attach current License.
g) Pay appropriate fees
h) Sit for the examinations
i) If successful, the candidate is rated on the appropriate equipment.
j) The rating is documented by TLSM as appropriate.
55
2. Further Ratings
After a minimum of one (1) year of rating on an equipment, a rated ATSEP License holder
who wishes to be rated on a different equipment repeats stages (b) to (j) above.
3.14.4 License and Ratings Renewal
a) The candidate shall fill out the appropriate NCAA Application Forms as well as write a
letter of application through the DSEES.
b) The candidate shall attach the original copy of the license.
c) The candidate pays the prescribed fees.
d) When renewed, the appropriate license or ratings is presented to TLSM for
appropriate documentation.
3.15 QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT POLICY

3.15.1 In order to comply with the safety management requirements contained in Annex 19
(Safety Management System) to the Chicago Convention as well as applicable
requirements specified in the Nigeria Civil Aviation Regulations (Nig. NCARs) and other
appropriate regulations and guidance material, it shall be the responsibility of the
Directorate of Air Traffic Safety Electronics and Engineering Services of the Nigerian
Airspace Management Agency to institutionalize a policy for ensuring the development of
efficient safety management and quality assurance mechanisms.
3.15.2 The development and continuing implementation of safety management and quality
assurance mechanisms for air traffic safety engineering shall serve the overall purpose of
ensuring that air traffic safety engineering personnel carry out their duties and
responsibilities with the primary aim of assuring the continuing safety, efficiency and
reliability of CNS/ATM or air navigation services in line with relevant ICAO SARPs, the
AEROTEL Manual of Standards (MOS), the Nigeria Civil Aviation Regulations and other
appropriate documentation.
3.15.3 All activities relating to quality assurance and safety management shall be mutually
coordinated and controlled from the following offices: The Workshop, Planning and
Logistics Office; the office of the DSEES representative in NAMA Safety Management
System Department; and the Training, Licensing and Staff Matters Office.
3.15.4 The Heads of DSEES departments at the station level shall assume responsibility for
all activities relating to quality assurance and safety management at the station or
operational unit level.
3.15.5 As part of the Quality Assurance and Safety Management drives of the DSEES, Heads
of Departments at the station or operational unit level shall furnish the Office of the
56
Director (Safety Electronics and Engineering Services) with weekly and monthly status
reports on equipment and services rendered at the station or operational unit level.
3.15.6 Notwithstanding the periodicity of status reports stated in Sub-Section 3.15.5, any
service shortcoming or any observed gap(s) that may compromise safety or the effective
discharge of duties and responsibilities should be promptly reported to the DSEES
through the Airspace Manager of the station or operational unit concerned.
3.15.7 Status reports should cover all aspects of operations at the station concerned
including staffing strength, the adequacy or otherwise of the competency levels of
personnel providing air navigation services at the station, as well as issues relating to
logistics and workplace safety.
3.15.8 Upon the receipt of status reports from the stations, the DSEES shall send copies of
such reports separately to the Training, Licensing and Staff Matters and the Workshop,
Planning and Logistics offices for statistical purposes and for the purpose of analyzing the
safety implications of the reports so lodged with a view to advancing advice on how any
observed safety risk (s) can be best mitigated. Copies of the status reports so submitted
shall also be made available to the General Managers of the departments concerned,
particularly in situations where prompt remedial or mitigating actions are imperative.
3.15.9 The DSEES shall assume the responsibility of ensuring that all the elements required
for ensuring the resolution of the safety risks identified in the reports furnished by the
Workshop, Planning and Logistics Office as well as the Training, Licensing and Staff
Matters Office are mustered including the necessary management support and consent.
3.15.10 The Workshop, Planning and Logistics Department, the Training, Licensing and
Staff Matters Department, and the Safety Management Systems Department of NAMA
shall separately undertake periodic inspectorate visits to operational units with a view to
collecting information on the implementation of safety and quality assurance standards in
such operational units. The periodicity of such inspectorate visits shall be determined by
the DSEES and shall be guided by operational exigencies and complexity.
3.15.11 The procedures for inspection enumerated in Sub-Section 3.15.10 shall be

based on Checklists, the contents of which shall be based on the requirements essential
to fulfilling appropriate regulatory requirements.
3.15.12 Safety Review Methods
3.15.12.1 The Safety Review Methods adopted by the Directorate of Safety Electronics
and Engineering Services are designed with the objective of ascertaining operational
safety levels with a view to designing mitigating interventions for closing any gap (s) that
may compromise the safety and efficiency of air navigation services.
57
3.15.12.2 Safety Review Methods shall include the procedures enumerated in Sub-
sections 3.15.3, 3.15.4, 3.15.5, 3.15.6, and 3.15.10.
3.15.12.3 DSEES Departments at the station or operational unit levels shall maintain
equipment and station status record forms in line with the local operating procedures.
These forms, upon completion, shall be analysed at the station level and the results of the
analysis shall be sent to the Workshop, Planning and Logistics Department of the DSEES
at the NAMA Headquarters through the DSEES for further analysis and the generation of
appropriate advice for the attention of the Director (SEES).
3.15.12.4 In addition to the procedure in Sub-Section 3.15.12.3, Heads of Department at

the station levels shall establish incidence or fault reporting lines with CNS/ATM systems
users at the respective stations in keeping with their local operating procedures. The
resolution of reported incidence or fault shall follow the requirements contained in Sub-
Section 3.12 and the procedures prescribed in Sub-Section 4.2.2 of the first part of this
manual. The Heads of Departments shall also ensure that the DSEES is furnished with
reports on such activities in line with the procedure enumerated in Sub-Section 3.15.5 of
the first part of this manual.
58
CHAPTER FOUR
OPERATIONAL AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES
4.1 OBJECTIVES
4.1.1 This chapter outlines the procedures to be followed in order to maintain all CNS
facilities in line with standard practices. The procedures prescribe steps important to
ensuring the efficiency, security and safety of air navigation services and are consistent
with regulatory requirements as well as procedures specified in Equipment Manuals.
4.2 FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

4.2.1 Operational and maintenance procedures as far as rendering Air Traffic Safety
Engineering services is concerned vary with operational dimensions. In this respect, there
are three categories of operational airports in Nigeria where air navigation services are
provided. These are:
a. Category A: These are airports with five distinct operational units, namely: Electronics
Communications, Navigational Aids, Surveillance, Terrestrial Services and
Electromechanical Services. Airports in this category are: Murtala Muhammed
International Airport, Lagos; Mallam Aminu International Airport, Kano; Nnamdi
Azikiwe International Airport, Abuja; and Port Harcourt International Airport. The hours
of operations at these airports are typically 24 hours.
b. Category B: These are airports with combined operational feature. Airports in this
category are: Ibadan, Enugu, Maiduguri, Calabar, Owerri, Benin, Sokoto, Kaduna,
Zaria, Jos, Minna, Akure, Ilorin, Yola, Asaba, Uyo, Gombe, Dutse, Birnin Kebbi,
Bauchi, and Makurdi. The airports in this category operate typically between 12 and 18
hours depending on operational peculiarities.
c. Category C: These are stand-alone operational units that are not necessarily airports.
Operational Units in this category are: Okitipupa, Kirshi, Gboko, Bida, Wukari, Numan,
Obubra, Talata Mafara, Iju VOR-DME station. The operational units in this category
typically maintain a 24-hour operation.
59
4.2.2 Operational Procedures for all Station Categories
1. On assumption of duty, a CNS duty officer shall ensure that he or she carries out a
review of the station‘s activities from his or her last duty to the time of taking over duty.
This will ensure that the officer is informed of the current status of the station.
2. The duty officer shall carry out inspection of facilities under his watch after being
aware of the current situation of the station. The personnel shall document all
observations noted during his or her inspection.
3. In the event of no failure report, the officer shall proceed to measure and/or observe all
the critical parameters and record same in the prescribed forms where necessary.
4. In the event of pending failures or a failure occurrence the officer shall proceed to
review, analyse and attend to such fault in accordance with the procedures stipulated
in relevant technical manuals.
5. In the event that the officer is unable to resolve the problem, he shall immediately
report to the Head of Department.
6. The Head of Department, upon the receipt of a report on the non-resolution of a fault,
shall proceed to take necessary actions towards ensuring the timely restoration of
service. He or she shall also be required to initiate NOTAM action, where applicable,
on the status of the facility.
7. If a fault occurrence lingers for a reasonable period of time following the initiation of a
NOTAM action, where applicable, the Head of Department shall be required to request
technical assistance from the appropriate department at the headquarters level.
8. Following the resolution of any fault or defect for which a NOTAM has been earlier
issued, the Head of Department shall notify the appropriate department concerning
service restoration for the purpose of cancelling or amending the outage NOTAM
earlier issued in respect of the unserviceable equipment.
4.2.3 Preventive and Corrective Maintenance Instructions
4.2.3.1 Prior to the performance of any preventive or corrective maintenance activity,

the duty air traffic safety engineering personnel should take due cognizance of the
procedures specified in the applicable Technical Manuals including instructions relating to
packing and unpacking, power-up and power-down procedures, inspection, handling
circuit boards, replacement of CMOS devices, integrated circuit (IC) replacement.
60
4.2.3.2 In the event of any maintenance activity involving soldering, the duty air traffic
safety engineering personnel should take note of the following:
1. Excessive heat may lift the track from the circuit boards. This will cause serious
damage. Avoid the use of high-powered soldering irons. A soldering iron rated at a
maximum of 60 Watts, preferably temperature-controlled at approximately 370˚C, is
sufficient for most tasks.
2. A soldering iron rated at slightly higher temperature of 425˚C may be required for
heavier components such as PA transistors. Only apply the soldering iron long enough
to unsolder an existing joint or to solder a new one.
3. When unsoldering, use a solder-sucker or solder wick to remove solder. Do not use
sharp metal tools such as screwdrivers or twist drills as these may damage the printed
circuit track and plated- through holes.
4.2.3.3 The following instructions should be followed in the event of carrying out
preventive or corrective maintenance:
1. Spend minimal time in every activity you undertake.

2. Under no circumstance must the equipment be put on monitor by-pass.
3. Request for assistance if task/problem seems unsolvable.
4. A number of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) devices are used in
electronic system have built-in protection. However, their extremely high open-circuit
impedance makes them susceptible to damage from static charges. Hence, care must,
therefore, be taken when handling the devices or when servicing the equipment in
which they are used.
5. Under no circumstance must new equipment be received into workshop or store
without testing for required specification.
6. Checks on the alarms/indicators shall be done in order to determine whether they are
TRANSIENT and if so identified actions shall be used to reset/clear them for next step.
4.2.4 Component Replacement
4.2.4.1 When a component is diagnosed as defective or the fault cannot be diagnosed

in any other way than by substitution, the following precautions shall be observed when
replacing components:
1. Axial leads – Components with axial leads can often be replaced without unsoldering
the joints on the boards. The defective component can be removed by clipping its
leads close to the component, leaving the leads soldered to the board. These leads
should be straightened, so that the leads of the replacement component can be
61
wrapped around and soldered to them. After soldering, the excess lead should be
clipped off.
2. The removal or replacement of surface mount components should only be attempted

by skilled personnel experienced in handling surface-mounted components.
3. Remove solder – When a component has been unsoldered from the board, ensure
the holes are clear of solder before inserting the leads of the replacement.
4. Never force the leads through the holes, as this will damage the component track,
particularly where plated-through holes are used.
5. Observe orientations – Before replacing defective diodes, transistors, electrolytic

capacitors or integrated circuits, observe any markings that indicate polarity or
orientation. It is essential that these types of components are installed correctly. If
necessary, consult the manufacturer‘s data for the indications of the polarity of diodes,
capacitors and transistor.
6. Heat sinking – When soldering heat sensitive components to the circuit board, where
possible use long-nosed pliers or some other form of heat sinking on the leads of the
components.
7. Thermal conduction – When replacing transistors that are mounted on heat sinks,
ensure there is thermal conduction between the heat sink and the component being
replaced. This can be achieved by cleaning the mounting surfaces then recoating
them with a thermal conduction compound such as Jermyn Thermaflow A30 (Silicon
grease).
4.2.5 Probe Precautions
4.2.5.1 The following precautions shall be observed when connecting oscilloscope

probes to the transceivers:
1. When connecting probes to the equipment, the earth clip lead should be wound
around the body of the probe so that the earth clip just reaches the probe tip. This
reduces stray pick-up.
2. The earth clip should be connected to the ground plane, adjacent to the point of
measurement.
3. It is not advisable to connect two probes at the same time, particularly when one is
earthed to PA ground plane and the other is earthed to the exciter.
62
4. Probes should be connected after power has been applied to the equipment and the
test equipment. The earth connection should be made first and disconnected last.
4.2.6 Transmitter Precautions
4.2.6.1 When making measurements of the low level stage of the exciter, it is advisable
to remove the drive to the PCB. The supply voltage is applied to the PA at all times when
the transceiver is switched on.
4.2.6.2 Cautions should be exercised when connection probe to avoid incorrect

readings and damage to test instrument.
4.2.7 Fuse Protections
4.2.7.1 The equipment is provided with adequate internal protection. However the filter
of an external fuse is considered necessary not for protection of the equipment itself but to
ensure that in the event of danger to cable, a fire risk does not exist.
4.2.7.2 All safety precautions for working on high- voltage equipment should be
observed strictly; where lethal voltages are employed special care should be taken to
avoid contacts with exposed high voltage point when protective outer covers are removed.
High voltage points are generally denoted by warning labels or by a red arrow.
4.2.7.3 Before switching on the power ensure that the output lead is connected through
to the antenna or is properly terminated in a suitable dummy load.
4.2.7.4 Precaution shall be taken when working near the circulator or isolator units with
ferrous materials because these two units are highly magnetic.
4.2.7.5 Safety precautions vary from equipment to equipment and therefore this should
be noted as appropriate to the equipment under repair.
63
4.2.7.6 Suitable protective wears such as eye – goggles, hand gloves, insulating foot
wears, workshop apparels (overall clothing), safety belt as the case may be shall be used
as a matter vital safety precaution.
4.2.7.7 There shall be proper illumination and adequate ventilation for maintenance to
be safely carried out at any time.
4.2.7.8 All dangerous areas/points of the site/workshop shall be properly identified and
marked with clear signs to ward off any unforeseen danger or hazard.
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CHAPTER FIVE
SYSTEM PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.1.1 The set of parameters, system performance indicators and technical specifications
contained in this chapter is intended for use by, and guidance of, all Air Traffic Safety
Engineering Personnel involved in the provision of CNS and power systems services
under the Directorate of Safety Electronics and Engineering Services (DSEES) of NAMA
at the station or operational unit levels. The parameters, technical specifications and
system performance indicators are consistent with the specifications contained in the
various System Technical Manuals. They also comply with standards specified in the
applicable volumes of Annex 10 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation (Chicago
Convention of 1944) as well as standards specified in NCAA Manual of Standards for
Aeronautical Telecommunications.
5.1.2 All air traffic safety system engineering personnel shall ensure that the operations and
maintenance of CNS and power systems equipment or facilities are carried out in a
manner so as to conform with the applicable technical specifications and performance
indicators specified in this Section of the Air Traffic Safety Engineering Manual of
Operations as well as specifications contained in relevant Equipment Technical Manuals
and appropriate regulatory guidance material.
5.2 SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS RF EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS

1. The SSPA (Solid State Power Amplifier) shall operate within the range of 50w to 100w.
2. The RF Segment shall feature a high power amplification system operating in the C-
Band range of 5.850 to 6.425 GHz. The RF segment shall feature a double frequency
conversion Up-Converter unit with the capability of converting a 70MHz ± 18 MHz IF
carriers to RF carrier in the 5.850 to 6.425 GHz C Band.
3. The receive path of the RF segment shall feature a double frequency conversion down
converter capable of converting RF carrier received in the 3.625 GHz to 4.200GHz C
Band to a 70MHz ± 18MHz IF Carrier.
65
4. For both the IF and RF segments of the SATCOM equipment, the parameters and
specifications enumerated in Section 2.6 of Part 2 of this Manual shall be maintained.
5. Antenna Polarization is Circular Mode. Satellite co-ordinates shall be: AZIMUTH:

315°;ELEVATION: 89°
5.3 SATELLITE MODEM SPECIFICATIONS
PARAMETER SPECIFICATION
IF FREQ 70 MHz ±
Output power 0 to -25dBm Continuously variable in 0. 1dB steps
Output level stability ± 0.5dB, 0oC to 50oC
Transmit filtering Intelsat lESS compliant. x= 0.35
Occupied bandwidth 1.4 times Symbol Rate
Phase accuracy ± 2o maximum
Amplitude accuracy ± 0.2 dB Maximum
Carrier Suppression - 30 dBc maximum
Output phase Noise Normally 3 dB or better
IF output frequency stability < 1ppm/yr.
IF Harmonics Better than -55 dBc/4KHz in band
Transmit ON/OF Ratio 55dB minimum
Eb/No >15dB
BER 1.0E-12
Output power 40dBm*
Service lBS/SMS
Base band mode Continuous
Data Rate (19.2 or 64) Kbps
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PARAMETER SPECIFICATION
Clock Source Internal
Modulation Scheme QPSK
Impedance 75 Ohms BNC Connector
FEC type Viterbi
High-rate ESC mode Asynchronous
RS FEC Normal
Rx power -38dBm
5.4 SATELLITE COMMUNICATION MULTIPLEXERS (MUX)

SPECIFICATIONS
PARAMETER SPECIFICATIONS
Data port D type x.21 DCE and x.21DTE RS232 (DB25)
electrical interface
Balanced
G.703 input
Type lV, V and Extended E&M (RJ 45) and
Voice port
FXS/FXO (RJll) sockets.
Frame Relay
Gateway link
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5.5 AFTN MESSAGE SWITCH CIRCUIT PARAMETERS
5.5.1 The following circuit parameters shall apply:
Circuit parameters Values

protocol Asynchronous (variable)
code IA5 / ITA2

Speed Variable from 1200 - 9600
Number of bits 8
Stop bit 1
Parity bit None
Xoff No
ENT. RCV No
MFT MIXD (variable)
TYP Used
5.5.2 General Specifications

5.5.2.1 The following General Specifications shall also apply:
i. The software platform for data exchange shall be SAFEM, AIT or

terminal emulation software such as VT100 or HYPERTERMINAL.
ii. Input and output channel identification between two stations shall be
used in cross reference (i.e. output channel identification for
originating station is the input channel identification of the destination
station).
iii. Routing table for all available circuit address shall be pre-configured.
iv. Hardware connection to Satellite interface shall be through RS 232
(V11). If the distance between the message switch and the satellite
interface is appreciable (> 50 meters) RS 422 / RS 485 through
appropriate converter shall be used.
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5.6 SATELITE INTERFACE PARAMETERS
5.6.1 The Satellite interface shall be a Frame Relay Access Device (FAD) Multiplexer. The
parameters setting shall be as follow:
ASYNC CHANNEL CHARACTERISTICS SETTING

Data rate Variable from 1200 - 9600
Code level 7
Parity None
Stop bit 1
Echo Off
Channel end to Host / to terminal Terminal
XON character DC1
XOFF Character DC3
Buffer Control NONE
Flow Control NONE
CR Delay 0
LF Delay 0
FF Delay 0
ASYNC CHANNEL EXTENDED FEATURES SETTING

Data Compression Enable
Remote CTS Control Force on
ASYNC CHANNEL FEATURES SETTING

Priority High
EIA Control Disable
Smooth Scroll Off
Tandem NO
69
Flow Control Strip Pass
HP ENQ / ACK NO
Sync Loss Disconnect NO
Command mode entry sequence NO
Command mode access Enable / Disable
Command facility main menu access Enable / Disable
Local Channel Configuration Enable / Disable
5.6.2 A virtual force connection shall be established via software between two
communicating circuits.
5.7 VOR OPERATIONAL SPECIFICATIONS

5.7.1 Power supply
 AC voltage input :100 to 260VAC,45…65Hz Nominal

 DC voltage input : +45-62V, e.g. from BCPS
 DC-voltage output BCPS modules(ACC): +48V DC nominal
 Battery/UPS : Parallel operation float
charging by DC input, to provide a min. of 6hrs operation in the
event of mains failure.
 TX Power Consumption : ≤ 600 W AC (Dual TX
operation)
5.7.2 Environmental Conditions
Ambient temperature
 Operation indoor (≤ 1000m above sea level) :10 to +55º C
(≤ 3000m above sea level) : -10 to +30ºC
 Operation outdoor equipment : -40 to +70 C
 During Transportation :-30 to
+70C
 Relative humidity (≤1000m above sea level): max.95% (-10 to+35ºC);

max.60 %(> 35C)
70
Non operation and transport :up to 100% with condensation
5.7.3 System data
 Azimuth accuracy : Better than ±1º measured over flat

Ground at 3º elevation and 300m
distance
 Azimuth stability : Better than ±o.5º measured at the monitor

 Coverage : Slant distance range in accordance with 25
dBW of Fig. C-13, Attachment C to Vol I ICAO Annex 10 (standard
aircraft installation with 5µV receiver and 50 W ground station)
5.7.4 Equipment Data
5.7.4.1 Carrier Transmitter (CSB)
 Radio frequency range :108….117.95 MHz

 Channel pattern : 50KHz,defined by synthesizer
 Carrier frequency tolerance : ±0.001 %
 Output impedance : 50 ohms
Output power setting of carrier : 50 W to 100 W
 Output power setting of carrier :Programmable in steps of 0.1 W
 Harmonic of carrier : ≤2.5 x10-7 W
 Spurious : ≤2x10-7 W
 Output Protection : Short circuit and excess power
conditions
5.7.5 Carrier Modulation
5.7.5.1 FM subcarrier
Center frequency: 9960 Hz ±0.01 %

Modulation frequency: 30 Hz ±0.01 %, reference signal
Modulation index: 16±0.1; programmable 0….20 in steps of 0.1
Depth of carrier modulation: 30 % ±1 %, programmable 0…39.9 % in steps of 0.1%
Identity Tone Frequency: 1020 Hz +/-0.01%
Keying (Morse Code): Sequence of max.4 letters programmable
Set time duration (quartz stabilized): Dot/Pause: 125ms; Dash: 375ms
71
Repetition time: 7.5s
Depth of amplitude modulation: 0….20%.programmable in steps 0.1%
Independent Operation: Yes
Associated Operation: Yes (collocated DME)
Parameter Standard value Tolerance

Frequencies
Carrier As assigned Nominal ±0.002%
9960 Hz 9960 Hz ±1%
30 Hz Variable 30 Hz ±1%
30 Hz Reference 30 Hz ±1%
Identity 1020 Hz ±20 Hz
Modulations
30 Hz 30 % ±2 %
9960 Hz 30 % ±2 %
FM Index 16 ±1 %
Identity 10 % ±1 %
Harmonic Distortions: less 5%, for the sum of all harmonic components.
5.7.5.2 Modulation Components
Reference Phase (Signal) : 30Hz +/- 0.01%

Frequency : 30Hz +/- 2%
Modulation Dept. : 30%; adj from 0% to 40% in steps of 0.1%
Harmonic Distortion : less than 3% of fundamental
Course Setting rang: 0 to 359.9 degree programmed in steps of 0.1 degree.
Voice:
Range : 300…3000Hz, flat within +/-3dB
Depth of amplitude modulation : 0 to 40%, programmable in steps of 0.1%
Stabilization and linearization of carrier Modulation: Analog feedback loops for envelope and
RF Phase
Distortions : less 3%for the sum of all harmonic Components
Variable Phase:
Sub-Carrier Frequency : 9960Hz

AM Mean Depth : 30%; adj from 0 to 40% in steps of 0.1%
Mod Freq. Signal : 30Hz
FM Mod Index : 16 ± 1
72
Subcarrier stability : 5% of subcarrier
Sideband Harmonic levels : Better than ICAO and ED-52.
5.7.5.3 Sideband Transmitters (SB1/SB2)
Side band Offset of Carrier : Double Sideband CVOR

Upper Sideband : +9960Hz ±1Hz
Lower Sideband : -9960Hz ±1Hz
Output Impedance : 50 Ohms.
Output power :0 to 7W, programmable in steps of 0.1W.
Phase relationship : ±4 to less ± 20 degrees
9960 Hz Harmonics :9960Hz ref; 0dB
2nd harmonic less -40dB
3rd Harmonic less -50dB
4th and above less -60dB
Phase Stability of sidebands
(difference USB – LSB) :less than +/- 5 degrees

Sideband Modulation (Blending Function):
Mod Frequency :750Hz for Upper and Lower Sidebands,
Sine/Cosine half-wave.
Blending function : Sine/Cosine half-wave
Depth of Amplitude Modulation: greater than 99%.
Monitoring
Azimuth measurement range : 0….359.9º

Azimuth measurement accuracy : ±0.150
Available monitor channels : Maximum 2RF – Channels
Alarm condition: In accordance with recommendations of ICAO Annex 10
Monitor configuration : Dual (programmable AND/ OR) OR parameters and
programmable alarm limits
: Precautionary alarm for azimuth
: Programmable alarm delay
73
Monitor Alarm and warning limits:
Azimuth : Programmable upper and lower limits in steps of 0.1º from 0…359.9º
30 Hz FM deviation (Ref.): Programmable upper and lower limits in steps of 0.1
30 Hz AM depth (Var.) : Programmable upper and lower limits in steps of 0.1%
9960 Hz AM depth (Var.): Programmable upper and lower limits in steps of 0.1%
Carrier RF-level : Programmable upper and lower limits in steps of 0.1% Identity
: Programmable upper and lower limits for Mod.Depth; Alarm if
coded identity is not present
Alignment and performance measurement: Various measurement data can be displayed via
PC
PC.
Remote Monitoring: Laptop or Desk top via Radio Links
5.7.6 BIT and Measuring Functions
Digital sub-functions : GO/NO GO bits displayed in BIT words
Analog sub-function: Analog test signals sampled periodically, then digitized and evaluated
via BIT subroutines
Fault location : Via PC and SW by interrogation down to LRU-level (Line

Replaceable Units)
5.8 ILS TECHNICAL DETAILS

5.8.1 Power supply
 AC voltage input : 110 - 230VAC, 47-66Hz Nominal

 DC voltage input : 48V Nominal
 Emergency power supply :48 V battery, standby Parallel operation
float charging by DC input, to
provide a minimum of 6hrs operation
in the event of mains failure.
 TX Power Consumption : ≤ 750VA (Dual TX operation)
74
5.8.2 Environment Conditions
Ambient temperature
 Operation indoor : -10 to +50 C (temporary peaks up to 55 C)
 Operation outdoor equipment : -40 to +70 C
 During Transportation : -30 to +70C
 Relative humidity (<1000m above sea level): max.95% (-10 to+35C);

max.60%(>35C)
Non operation and transport: up to 100% with condensation
 Wind : Up to 100mph/160km/h
5.8.3 System data
 Localizer coverage: 25Nm of the front course line +/- 100; 17Nm of the
front course line +/- 100 to +/-350 for Clearance.
 Course Alignment Accuracy: less than or = +/- 0.015DDM at
runway threshold
 Course Width: Between 2.50 and 60.
 Glide Slope Coverage: 10Nm of the front sector line +/- 80 Azimuth.
 Glide Angle: 20 to 40
 Course Width: +/- 0.24 of Glide angle
 LOC & GS Transmitters: A single cabinet design for dual TX.
5.8.4 Equipment Data – Localizer Transmitter (dual)
 Carrier Frequency range : 108 to 112MHz

 Frequency Control/Channel : Synthesizer, Standard ILS Channels.
 Carrier Frequency Stability : Less than 0.001%
 Frequency spacing course/clearance: Capture effect carrier freq.
separation, 12KHz
 Course /Clearance Power: Each set to achieve the required/specified
coverage.
 Output Power Stability: Less than 3%.
5.8.5 CSB Modulation
 Navigation Frequencies: 90Hz/150Hz tones

 Modulation Depth : 20% nominal for each tone
75
 Sum of Modulation Depth (SDM): 40%
 SDM setting range: Up to 50% in steps of 0.1%
 DDM Nominal Setting: 0.000 DDM
 DDM setting range: 0 to 10% in steps of 0.001DDM
 DDM stability: Less than or equal +/-0.3%
 IDENTITY Tone: 1020 Hz
 ID Keying: International Morse Code up to 4 letters
 ID Modulation: 10% nominal, up to 20% in 0.1% steps
5.8.6 SBO Transmitter
 Input Signal : Carrier from Synthesizer (non-modulated)

 Output Power: Carrier suppressed SBO signal up to
4W.
 Carrier Suppression: Greater than 30dB.
 RF Phase setting: 00 to 3590, in steps of 10.
5.8.7 Monitoring
Monitor systems: 2 independent monitors

Levels of monitoring: Internal, Integral & Near-field monitoring
Parameters for evaluation: DDM (POSN.) DDM (Width), SDM, RF level (nominal)
Alarm conditions: In accordance with recommendations of ICAO Annex 10
for CAT II/CAT III ILS.
Monitor configuration: Dual (programmable AND/ OR)
Pre-Alarm settings: 75% of Alarm threshold
Alarm Checks: 6 times per sec.
Radiation of a false signal: less than 1 sec.
Switchover and Shut Down: within 1 sec.
Monitor Memory: Shall retain at least the last three fault conditions.
Identity Signal: Alarm if 1020 Hz signal absent, or steady tone
10 to 20s (programmable).
76
PC
 Frequency: 108 to112 MHz

 Coverage: ≥ 25NM within ±100 ; ≥ 17NM within 10º to 350
 Polarization: Horizontal
 Vertical Polarization: ±0.005DDM within a sector bounded by 0.02 DDM on
Either side of the course line.
 Front-to-back ratio: 26dB nominal
 Input Impedance: 50 Ohms
 Course/Clearance ratio on centreline: ≥ 16dB (field strength)
 VSWR: 1.2: 1 max
 Obstruction Lights: Installed at the two ends of the antenna system
 Location of ADU: Centre at the rear of the Antenna array
 Antenna Height: Shall be minimum; observing ATC obstacle clearance
during take-off/ landing of aircraft.
5.8.8 Equipment Data – Glide Slope Transmitter (dual)
 Carrier Frequency range : 329.15 to 335MHz

 Frequency Control/Channel : Synthesizer, Standard ILS Channels
as paired with localizer.
 Carrier Frequency Stability : Less than 0.001%
 Frequency spacing course/clearance: Capture effect carrier freq.
separation, 14KHz
 Course /Clearance Power: Each set to achieve the required/specified
coverage.
 Output Power Stability: Less than 3%.
5.8.9 CSB Modulation
 Navigation Frequencies: 90Hz/150Hz tones

 Modulation Depth : 40% nominal for each tone
 Sum of Modulation Depth (SDM): 80%
 SDM setting range: Up to 88% in steps of 0.1%
 Clearance Mod Depth: 150Hz; 80% nominal
 DDM Nominal Setting: 0.000 DDM
 DDM setting range: 0 to 10% in steps of 0.001DDM
77
 DDM stability: Less than or equal +/-0.3%
5.8.10 SBO Transmitter
 Input Signal: Carrier from Synthesizer (non-modulated)

 Output Power: Up to 2W; Carrier suppressed SBO
signal.
 Carrier Suppression: Greater than 30dB.
 RF Phase setting: 00 to 3590, in steps of 10.
Monitoring
Monitor systems: 2 independent monitors

Levels of monitoring: Internal, Integral & Near field monitoring
Parameters for evaluation: DDM (Path), DDM (Width), SDM, RF level (nominal)
Alarm conditions: In accordance with recommendations of ICAO Annex 10
for CAT II/CAT III ILS.
Monitor configuration: Dual (programmable AND/ OR)
Pre-Alarm settings: 75% of Alarm threshold
Alarm Checks: 6 times per sec.
Radiation of a false signal: less than 1 sec.
Switchover and Shut Down: within 1 sec.
Monitor Memory: Shall retain at least the last three fault conditions.
PC.
5.8.11 Antenna System
 Antenna Types: Capture effect design antenna systems; GS-2F Three

Dipole Antennas.
 Test Probes: In all radiator elements for integral monitoring.
 Max. Wind velocity: Min of 160Km/h
 Protection: Antenna elements/radiators to be protected from
weather.
 Frequency: 329.15 to335 MHz
78
 Coverage: ≥ 10NM.
 Polarization: Horizontal =250; vertical =800.
 Front-to-back ratio: 12dB minimum
 Input Impedance: 50 Ohms
 VSWR: 1.2: 1 max
 Obstruction Lights: Installed at the top of the antenna system
 Location of ADU: Inside the Shelter
5.9 TECHNICAL DETAILS: COLLOCATION WITH CVOR OR ILS

5.9.1 General
Output (min) : 1KW (VOR Collocation), 100W (ILS Collocation)

Impedance : 50 ohms
Duty cycle : Continuous
Pulse Pair Spacing : X-Channel 12 μs ± 0.1 µs
Y – Channel 30us ± 0.1 µs
Pulse Shape : Width 3.5 ± 0.5 µs (at half amplitude)
: Rise time 2.5 ± 0.5µs (10% - 90% points)
: Decay 2.5 ± 0.5µs (10% - 90% points)
System Time Delay: X-Channel 50 ± 0.02μs (nominal)
Y-Channel 56 ± 0.02µs (nominal)
Reply efficiency : ≥ 70 % at all values of transponder loading.
Radio Frequency and Polarization

The transponder antenna must be vertically polarized and radiates in the frequency
ranging from 960MHz to 1215MHz. The interrogation and reply frequencies must comply
with ICAO Annex 10 Standards.
Coverage: Coverage must be Omnidirectional.
5.9.2 Transponder Parameters
Transponder Parameters Possible Selections
CHANNEL & MODE Channel: 1 to 126 Mode: X or Y

IDENTITY CODE Max 4 characters 564 dots long
TRANSMISSION RATE Ranging from 800 to 4,800 or from 2700 to 4800 ppps
REPLY DELAY Mode X: 35.00 to 75.00 µs in steps of
DEAD TIME 0 to 150 µs in steps of 1 µs
SHORT ECHO SUPP. Enabled (ON)
Disabled (OFF)
THR. LONG DIST. ECHO 0 to – 60dBm in steps of 1dBm
ANTIECHO DURATION 50 to 300 µs is steps of 5 µs
79
MORSE CODE MASTER CODE, MASTER TRIGGER, SLAVE CODE, SLAVE TRIGGER
INDEP. IDENTITY RECOVERY On Signal, On Sensing (code not Received from associated equipment).
5.9.3 Operational Parameters
Operational Parameters Possible Selections
REDUCED POWER ON (-3 dB)

OFF (0 dB)
MONITORS LOGIC 1 MONITOR or
2 MONITOR
STANDBY MODE Normal or Hot
5.9.4 Threshold Monitors
Threshold Monitors Possible Selections
REPLY DELAY Type of alarm: PRIMARY

Alarm threshold: ±0.1 to 0.4 µs
Alarm delay: 1 to 10s in step of 250ms
PULSE SPACING Type of alarm: PRIMARY
Alarm threshold: Fixed at ± 0.25 µs
Alarm Delay: 1 to 10s in steps of 250ms
REPLY EFFICIENCY Type of alarm: PRIMARY or SECONDARY
Alarm threshold: fixed at 66%
` Alarm Delay: fixed at 10s
IDENTIFICATION
Type of alarm: PRIMARY or SECONDARY
Alarm Delay: 1 Cycle
PEAK POWER OUTPUT Type of alarm: PRIMARY
Alarm threshold: fixed at -3.0dB
Alarm delay: 1 to 10s in step of 250ms
TRANSMISSION RATE Type of alarm: PRIMARY or SECONDARY
Alarm threshold: fixed at -80pps
Alarm Delay: fixed at 10s
NOTE: Reference could be made to ICAO Annex 10 and amendments for further technical
details.
80
5.9.5 Operating conditions
The CVOR/DME shall suffer no degradation in performance when operated within the
following conditions:
a) Ambient temperature range: +5°C to +70°C (according to IEC 60068-2-1, IEC 60068-
2-2)
b) Humidity: 0 to 93% non-condensing (according to IEC 60068-2-3)
5.9.6 Storage conditions
The CVOR/DME shall suffer no damage when stored, transported, or left idle (without power)
under the following conditions:
a) Temperature range: -55°C to +70°C (according to IEC 60068-2-1, IEC 60068-2-2)
b) Change of temperature: -40°C to +55°C; (according to IEC 60068-2-14)
c) Humidity: +40°C, 95% non-condensing (according to IEC 60068-2-30)
5.9.7 Power requirements

a) 100 VAC to 260VAC ± 10, 45 - 65 Hz
b) +46 to +54 VDC
5.10 SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS TECHNICAL DETAILS

5.10.1 RCMS COLOUR INTERPRETATION GUIDE
• 1 Light Green = Online

• 2 Dark Green = Standby
• 3 Yellow = Warning
• 4 Purple = maintenance
• 5 Blue = No connection / Radar down
• 6 Grey = Mask
• 7 Red = Fault
• 8 Yellow on the sides of the block = connected to CBP (Local)
• 9 Green on the sides of the block = connection to RCMS (Remote}
81
5.10.2 MSSR PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
INTERFACE AND SAFETY CARDS INDICATOR FOR CHANNEL 1 AND 2
I ON LINE ONLINE (LIT) OR STANDBY GREEN

(UNLIT)
2 SSTSTS TRANSMITTER STATUS (LIT IF GREEN
OK)
3 VSWRA SWR (ALARM) RED NOGO
4 VSWRA SWR EXCESS PREALARM RED GO/NO
CORRECT
5 PADRVSEL RF SWITCH FAILURE RED
6 TRIGGER-IN TRIGGER INPUT FAILURE RED GO/NO
FROM TMR CORRECT
7 SAFETY RED GO/NO
CHAIN
8 CPU VME LINK FAILURE RED TX ON
9 REMOTE LINK RCMS ETHERNET LINK RED GO/NO
FAILURE CORRECT
10 TEMPERATION RED NOGO
11 VENTILATION FAN UNIT FAILURE RED GO/NO
CORRECT
12 P OUT OUTPUT POWER TOO RED NOGO
LOW(‹11KW)
13 ABS-RFIN NO POWER AT THE PREAMP RED GO/NO
OUTPUT CORRECT
14 PULSE-RFIN FORM FACTOR FAILURE AT RED GO/NO
THE PREAMP OUTPUT CORRECT
15 TRIGGER-OUT RED GO/NO
CORRECT
5.10.3 PSR PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
SST 200O INTERFACE CARD: TBS 378 FRONT PANEL

LABEL COLOUR INDICATION
UNIT MES I400A REMOVED OR NOT CONNECTED
GREEN NO FAILURE ON MODULE MES14OOnb 1 TO 8
ORANGE MODULE MES 1400nb 1 to 8 in pre alarm p out
‹1200w
red MODULE MES 1400Anb 1 TO 8 IN ALARM P OUT
‹600W
PA-A OR UNLIT PREAMPLIFIER MES110 REMOVED OR NOT
PA-B CONNECTED
82
GREEN NO FAILURE ON PREAMPLIFIER MES 110
RED PREAMPLIFIER IN FAILURE
MAINS GREEN ALL THE BREAKERS ARE ON
ORANGE AT LEAST 1 BREAKER IS OFF
RED NO MAINS POWER ON THE BREAKERS
TCC GREEN THE 2 LOW VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLIES ARE ON
AND OK
ORANGE 1 OF THE LOW VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLIES IS IN
FAILURE OR OFF POSITION
RED THE 2 LOW VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLIES ARE IN
FAILURE OR OFF
CORRECT GREEN NO FAILURE
UNLIT DOWNGRADED BUT STILL TRANSMITTING
GO/NOGO GREEN TRANSMISSION ON
RED TRANSMISSION OFF MANUALLY OR DUE TO
MAJOR FAILURE
LOC/REM UNLIT/LIT TRANSMITER IN REMOTE MODE
MODE
LIT/UNLIT TRANSMITTER INLOCAL MODE
OFF/ON RED/UNLIT TRANSMISSION OFF
RF
UNLIT/GREEN TRANSMISSION ON REQUESTTED
RED/GREEN TRANSMISSION ON REQUESTED BUT OFF DUE
TO MAJOR FAILURE OR SAFETY CHAIN
83
PART 2 – STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES
84
CHAPTER 1
GENERAL INFORMATION
1.1 PURPOSE
1.1.1 The development of this SOP (Standard Operating Procedures) Manual fulfills
the requirements contained in Section 14.7.4 of the Nigeria Civil Aviation Regulations
(Nig. CARs) 2015 Part 14 – Air Navigation Services. It is also consistent with IS 14.7.4
(c) (x), Nig. CARs 2015, Part 14.
1.1.2 This part of the Manual is intended to provide station-specific information,

guidance and instructions applicable to CNS and power systems facilities as well as
the procedures applicable to the operations and maintenance of these facilities. It is
designed for use by, and guidance of, Air Traffic Safety Engineering Personnel for the
provision of air navigation and CNS-related services.
1.1.3 The operating procedures enumerated in this Part of the Manual pertains
essentially to information, procedures, guidance and instructions applicable to local
operations and maintenance at the station/airport levels. These information, guidance,
procedures and instructions comply with relevant NCAA Aeronautical
Telecommunications Manual of Standards, which is based essentially on the relevant
Standards and Recommended Practices of the International Civil Aviation
Organization. They are also based fundamentally on the information, specifications,
and instructions contained in applicable and relevant Technical Manuals.
85
1.2 STRUCTURE OF THIS PART
1.2.1 This part of the Air Traffic Safety Engineering Manual of Operations and Standard
Operating Procedures contains Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) applicable to the
operations of the different departments under the Directorate of Air Traffic Safety
Electronics and Engineering Services of the Nigerian Airspace Management Agency,
namely: Electronics Communications Department; Terrestrial Services Department;
Navigational Aids Department; Surveillance Systems Department; Electromechanical
Systems Department; Workshop, Planning and Logistics (WPL) Department; and the
Training, Licensing and Staff Matters (TLSM) Unit. In this respect, this part is made up of
a total of seven chapters that outline the applicable SOPs, namely:
 Chapter 2: SOP-ATSE-ECOM-01 – Electronic Communications SOP

 Chapter 3: SOP-ATSE-TSER-02 – Terrestrial Services SOP
 Chapter 4: SOP-ATSE-ANAV-03 – Navigational Aids SOP
 Chapter 5: SOP-ATSE-SURV-04 – Surveillance Systems SOP
 Chapter 6: SOP-ATSE-ELMS-05 – Electromechanical Systems SOP
 Chapter 7: SOP-ATSE-WOPL-06 – Workshop, Planning & Logistics SOP
 Chapter 8: SOP-ATSE-TLSM-07 – Training Licensing & Staff Matters SOP
86
CHAPTER 2
SOP-ATSE-ECOM-01: ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.1.1 The set of standard operating procedures contained in this chapter is intended for use
by, and guidance of, all Air Traffic Safety Engineering Personnel involved in the provision
of air navigation and communication-related services under the Electronic
Communications Department of the Directorate of Safety Electronics and Engineering
Services (DSEES) of NAMA at the station or operational unit levels.
2.1.2 The Document seeks to provide Electronic Communication personnel at the station
levels with the information, guidance and instructions that would enable them to carry out
their duties uniformly and in accordance with applicable DSEES Policy Documents, NCAA
Manual of Standards and ICAO SARPs.
2.2 CLASSIFICATION OF FACILITIES

2.2.1 The Aeronautical Satellite Communication and Aeronautical Fixed Service facilities or
equipment under the Electronic Communications Department comprise of the following
elements and applications that are deployed for air-ground, ground-ground (point-to-point
and point-to-multipoint) communications:
I. Aeronautical fixed satellite communication networks.

II. Satellite enabled extended-range VHF/Remote Controlled Air-to-Ground
(RCAG) Communication facilities.
III. Air Traffic Services /Direct Speech (ATS/DS) circuits and networks.
IV. Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Networks (AFTN) for data exchanges.
V. ATS message Handling Services including AMHS data exchange services.
VI. Dedicated VSAT-based Communication facilities.
VII. Miscellaneous facilities (UPS, Regulators, Surge Arrestors, and Lightning
protectors).
87
2.3 ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION SERVICES
2.3.1 The Electronics Communications Department (EC) of Directorate of Safety Electronics

and Engineering Services (DSEES) is responsible for the provision and maintenance of
Satellite communications Systems (SATCOM), VSATs, AIS Automation systems,
AFTN/AMHS Aeronautical Message Switching Systems and other ancillary facilities.
2.3.2 The air safety-critical services provided by the Department include:
1. Air Traffic Services/Direct speech (ATS/DS) and hotlines communication for air
traffic voice coordination.
2. Extended-range VHF coverage or Remote Control Air-to-Ground (RCAG) VHF
Radio communication for ATC Area Control services.
3. Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network (AFTN)/AMHS for the
dissemination of aeronautical messages, for example Flight Plans, NOTAMs,
METEO and other administrative messages.
4. Mapping, Charting, OPMET, and so on.
2.4 ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT/FACILITIES
2.4.1 The satellite communications infrastructure of the Nigerian Airspace Management

Agency operates within the AFISNET network. The AFISNET (African Indian Ocean
Satellite Network) Aeronautical Satellite Communication network operates within the
normal C-Band satellite Communication band of 6GHz uplink frequency and 4GHz down
link frequency. The operational Uplink frequency and down link frequency are 5.890 GHz
and 3.665GHz respectively.
2.4.2 Satellite Access Technique
2.4.2.1 The operation of the satellite communications network of the Nigerian Airspace
Management Agency is based on the Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA)
technique with each of the stations in the network assigned a unique Intermediate
Frequency (IF) carrier for receive or transmit link. The dedicated VSAT-based network is
based on the Main Frequency-Time division Multiplex Access (MF-TDMA) technique with
the same RF frequency for all modes which is shared on time-based assignment
allocation in order to maintain operational synchronization on the network.
88
2.4.3 The available electronic communications equipment/facilities in the various operational
units are as tabulated hereunder:
2.4.3.1 Remote Controlled Air-to-Ground (RCAG) – TX and RX:

TYPE OF EQUIPMENT
AND MAKE FREQUENCY CHANNEL LOCATION DATE INSTALLED OR
CONFIGURATION AND (MHZ) ASSIGNMENT COMMISSIONED
MODEL
VHF TX Main PAE 124.1 Extended coverage of Kano 2013
Area Control
VHF RX Main T6TR
Frequency
VHF TX and RX (Main PAE 128.5 Extended coverage of Kano 2013
and Standby) T6TR Area Control
Frequency
VHF TX (Main and PAE 127.3 Extended coverage of Lagos 2013
Standby) T6T Area Control
Frequency
VHF RX (Main and PAE 127.3 Extended coverage of Lagos 2013
Standby) T6R Area Control
Frequency
VHF TX (Main and PAE 120.9 Extended coverage of Lagos 2013
Standby) T6T Area Control
Frequency
VHF RX (Main and PAE 120.9 Extended coverage of Lagos 2013
Standby) T6R Area Control
Frequency
2.4.3.2 Satellite Communications Earth Stations:
DATE
EARTH STATION ANTENNA INSTALLED
LOCATION TYPE DIAMETER OR COMMISSIONED
(metres)
Lagos Fixed Satellite Communications Station 11 1993
Kano Fixed Satellite Communications Station 11

Abuja Fixed Satellite Communications Station 7.2 1993
Maiduguri Fixed Satellite Communications Station 7.2 1993
Sokoto Fixed Satellite Communications Station 7.2 1993
Ilorin Fixed Satellite Communications Station 7.2 1993
Port Harcourt Fixed Satellite Communications Station 7.2 1993
Wukari VSAT Station 2.5 2012
89
2.5 MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION INSTRUCTIONS
2.5.1 General Requirements for Shift Duty
2.5.1.1 Air Traffic Safety Engineering personnel on shift duties in the Electronic
Communications Department at the station levels shall adhere strictly to the
instructions contained in Section 3.6 of Part 1 of this Manual depending on the
category applicable in accordance with the operational unit categorization enumerated
in sub-section 4.2.1 of the first Part of this Manual. In addition, personnel on shift
duties shall:
i. Not leave their duty posts until their reliefs have resumed duties.
ii. Resume at their duty posts not later than 15 minutes before the actual time of
the commencement of watch.
iii. Ensure that the time of taking over is entered, including the confirmation of
equipment status at the time of taking over.
iv. Undertake an inspection of the sites and systems upon resumption.
v. Ensure that both transmit and received signal status is constantly monitored
through the Spectrum Analyzer every 30minutes. Otherwise, arrangement
should be made to carry out on-site inspection as may be expedient or at least
every three hours. Also the display/ control room should also be visited from
time to time to ensure efficiency of the systems.
vi. The preventive maintenance procedure shall include: cleaning; lubricating;
painting; voltage and current checks; and position transducers‘ calibration. An
operational check-out procedure provides an accurate indication of the overall
earth station performance and should be carried out at least once in three (3)
months. Operational check-out procedures should also be performed after any
repairs or adjustment.
90
2.5.2 General Requirements for Site Inspection
i. The sites (Satellite Communication Shelter and Equipment room) should be

routinely visited for equipment checks.
ii. Equipment surroundings must be kept clean and conducive to the

equipment.
iii. Check that the cooling systems are efficient and effective.
iv. There should be no delay in visiting the sites when such a need arises.
v. Go through the Log Books for the maintenance history of the equipment.
vi. Ensure that power to the equipment is adequate for all phases.
vii. Check the signals and status of the modules on the Spectrum Analyzer.
viii. Carry out visual inspection of the systems for any observable faults or alarm
indications.
ix. Ensure that all information or alarms from the Spectrum Analyzer are
properly analysed using the Technical Manuals before undertaking any
maintenance job.
x. Record clearly all actions taken in the Log Book in line with the logging
format.
xi. Any changes or modifications made must be effectively logged and duly
reported to the appropriate authorities.
xii. Any observation made during checks or complaints lodged by the ATCOs
should be duly logged by the duty officer for follow up action by the Head of
Department.
xiii. Where urgent attention is necessary as may affect operations and safety,
details may be passed to the appropriate office unit or the Airspace Manager
through the fastest means possible.
91
xiv. Details of any maintenance job of a lasting nature or non-serviceability of
any equipment that may affect safe operations shall be communicated to the
AIS Department for NOTAM action.
2.5.3 Procedure for Fault Reporting and Resolution
2.5.3.1 The duty officer shall carry out routine checks of all facilities and any fault must
be cleared and result of activity duly entered both in the office Logbook and Check Sheet
of the facility. In the event of inability to clear the fault within tolerable time frame, the
supervisor or a more experienced call-out officer must be informed without delay.
2.5.3.2 Any difference in parameter reading or performance shall be reported and
rectified accordingly.
2.5.3.3 There shall be minimum tolerable Mean time Between Failures (MTBF).
2.5.3.4 Maintenance procedure shall be adhered to in carrying out any
maintenance/fault clearing.
2.5.3.5 Procedures for the resolution of faults in respect of the different facilities are as
tabulated below:
2.5.3.5.1 MODEMs
FAULT TEXT NOTES

TX Fault: External Clock The MODEM is set to use an external clock but
Selected but no clock from no clock is being provided. The clock
interface generation will use the internal clock as backup
to maintain the carrier and signal integrity.
Check and ensure that the data connector is
attached. Check for activity on the clock input
lines.
Frame synch lost on Check bearer type and AIS. Check if the
92
TX input. MODEM is not set to expect a CRC and is
forcing frame re-acquisition when CRC is lost.
TX fault: Input BER>lE-3 The bit error rate at the TX input is worse than
1x10-3. This can only be due to a very poor
error rate on the modulator input signal.
TX fault: Frame Sync lost Frame sync has been lost on the terrestrial
On TX input: input. Check the bearer type to ensure it has
been correctly configured. If ATS detectors are
disabled, check equipment generating bearer is
not generating AIS (All ones).
FAULT TEXT NOTES

Phase lock loop alarm (PLL) The frame is out of synchronization. Check the
5MHz/10MHz reference signal if
present/generated
Rx fault: Demodulator Check modem settings. The demodulator

unlocked. cannot find a carrier to lock at the specified
frequency. Check the frequency, data rate and
FEC settings. Check the demodulator by
enabling IF loop back test mode
Rx fault: Cannot find frame Check Rx Service settings. The modem cannot
sync on Rx data. find the IBS or IDR frame sync on the Rx data.
Rx Fault: Final BER>lE-3 Final bit error rate exceeded 1x10-3
Rx Fault: FEC decoder sync Synchronization has been lost in the FEC
lost decoder. Check inner FEC Configuration.
TX CARRIER –OFF ALARM Check to enable TX Carrier check IF carrier
frequency ‗ON‘.
Unit fault: Station clock has Check the cable and clock source.
93
failed
2.5.3.5.1.1 MODEM front panel LED Status:
OFF RED AMBER GREEN
UNIT Not used Unit fault Not used Unit ok

STATUS
Rx Traffic Rx fault or Rx disabled Not used Not used Rx ok
TX Traffic TX fault or TX disabled Not used Not used Not used
Test Mode Normal mode Not used Test mode Not used
TX Carrier Carrier Muted Not used 1-for-1 standby Carrier

active or ON
2.5.3.5.2 Multiplexer
FAULT TEXT NOTES

Frame Relay alarm/flashing Check for presence of data input/Connector
(G.703, V.35). Loss of permanent Virtual link
(PVC)
LO/RO alarms Local or Remote Service link failure. Check

connections and possibly reset the multiplexer.
Remote station must also check.
94
2.6 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES FOR IF AND RF FREQUENCY
SYSTEMS
2.6.1 Solid State Power Amplifier (SSPA)
i. The RF segment shall feature a high power amplification system operating in the
C-Band range of 5.850 to 6.425 GHz.
ii. The high power amplification system shall be operated on a 1+1 redundancy mode
or configuration via a waveguide redundant assembly switch that can be operated
either in local or remote mode.
iii. Mating of RF output flanges and the cover flanges in the waveguides shall be
checked and confirmed for RF leakage.
iv. Waveguide shall be free from moisture or humidity by constant or periodic
pumping of pressurized dry air through it. This process is referred to as
dehydration.
v. The RF amplifiers, the SSPA and the LNA, shall be subjected to daily, monthly,
quarterly and annual maintenance as stipulated in the Maintenance Schedule in
Section 2.8 of this Part of the Manual.
2.6.2 Up Converter (U/C)

i. The RF segment shall feature a double frequency conversion Up Converter unit
with the capability of converting a 70MHz ± 18 MHz IF carriers to RF carrier in the
C-Band 5.85 to 6.425 GHz.
ii. In the event of locating the IF modulation equipment (MODEM) at a distance in
excess of 100 metres from the Up Converter Unit, a TX Line Cable Attenuation
Compensator or Line Equalizer should be implemented.
iii. The input level should vary between –10 dBm and -50dBm, with matching return
loss of ≥ 23 dB and unbalanced impedance of 75 ohms.
iv. The output level shall fall within ≤ -10 dBm at 1dB Compression.
v. For single carrier operation, an output level of ≤ -15 dBm shall be maintained.
vi. For multiple carrier operation, an output level of ≤ 20dBm shall be maintained.
95
vii. For both single and multi-carrier applications, unbalanced output impedance of 50
ohms shall apply with matching of ≥ 23dB.
viii. Frequency stability property shall be ≤ ± 3.10 -8 /month with maximum spurious
frequency level of ≥ 50 dB at carrier off.
2.6.3 Down Converter

i. The receive path of the RF segment shall feature a double frequency conversion
Down Converter capable of converting RF carrier received in the 3.625 GHz to
4.200GHz C Band to a 70MHz ± 18MHz IF Carrier.
ii. The Down Converter shall be operated in a 1+1 redundancy mode
iii. The Down Converter shall be subjected to daily, monthly, quarterly and annual
maintenance as stipulated in the Maintenance Schedule in Section 2.8 of this Part
of the Manual.
iv. If the Down Converter is located at a distance of more than 100 meters from the
MODEM, it shall be connected to an IF Rx cable via a compensator or line
equalizer to the demodulator.
2.6.4 Modem
i. The MODEM shall be single – channel per carrier (SCPC) satellite unit designed
for both open and closed network operations in a variety of environments (such as
ground stations and mobile and fly away terminals) providing data link between
geographically distant sites via satellite.
ii. It shall feature open network Intelsat IBS to IESS -309 and IESS -310 and Intelsat
IDR to IESS-308 and IESS-310.
iii. It shall feature closed network modes (with or without overhead) including OM - 73
support.
iv. It shall operate within IF frequencies range of 50 to 90 MHz and 100 to 180 MHz
v. It shall operate at variable data rate between 4.8kbps and 55Mbps.
96
vi. It shall support BPSK, QPSK, Offset QPSK, SPSK, 16 QAM and 16APSK
modulation schemes.
vii. It shall support a full range of terrestrial interfaces including RS 422, v.35, RS 232
via a 25-way D connector (Synchronous and Asynchronous) with G.703 variant.
viii. It shall feature automatic Uplink Power control (AUPC) that causes automatic
adjustment of the modem output power to maintain a constant Eb/No at the distant
end of the satellite link.
ix. It shall be operated in 1+1 redundant mode.
x. The MODEM shall be operated in accordance with the specifications set forth in
Part 1, Section 5.3 of this Manual.
2.6.5 Multiplexers
2.6.5.1 The Multiplexers shall be operated and maintained in accordance with the
specifications set forth in Part 1, Section 5.4 and the checklist in Part 2, Sub-section
2.5.3.5.2 of this Manual.
2.7 PROCEDURES FOR CHECKING THE DIVOS CLIENTS STATUS
2.7.1 The following procedures should be followed for checking the status of the DIVOS
Clients:
i. Login in as AdminDivos for the User Name and enter the password as
appropriate.
ii. For system monitoring, click on the MONITORING icon.
iii. To check the archiving status, click on the TASK icon; then subsequently click
on the ARCHIVE icon on top of the window.
iv. To replay from the DIVOS clients, click on the REPLAY icon and carry out the
replay function as follows:
a. Choose the range of date by clicking on the date to specify the period.
b. Click on START [F12]
c. Click on WINDOWS (a tab on the menu bar)
d. Click on DATEVIEW
97
e. Highlight the particular date and time required by clicking on it and press
play on the top to play.
2.8 CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS

1. There should be no delay in going to the site when such need arises.
2. Inspect the equipment to ensure that everything is in its proper place.
3. Go through the Logbook for the maintenance history of the equipment to the last
minute.
4. Check the power supply to the equipment. This includes both A/C and or D/C to
ensure that the equipment is properly and/ or adequately powered.
5. Where oil and fuel are involved, check for viscosity of oil, colour and then level or
quantity of oil and fuel. Top up if need be.
6. Check equipment physically for loose bolts, unplugged plugs, loose cables, and
ensure that all are in their right places.
7. Check equipment alarm/indicator/display units for any information for guidance.
8. Ensure that all information gotten from alarms/displays/indicators are properly

analyzed using the manuals before venturing into anything/work on the equipment.
9. Check the alarms/indicators if they are transient and use identified actions to reset
or clear them for next step.
10. Then follow the following process:
a. Is the equipment faulty? Is there any malfunction?
b. If answer to 10a is No, then log the state of the equipment in the
logbook in line with logbook format.
c. Switch off the lighting points, shut the door of the shelter and leave
the site.
d. If the answer to 10a is YES: Then
98
e. Read the alarms/indicators/displays or any other information source
that can be adduced from the equipment for a guide.
f. With the information from (e) above, the equipment maintenance

manual, previous logging on similar fault and your personal
experience/skill and knowledge, approach the fault with determination
and commitment.
g. Record clearly all actions taken in the logbook thus: time on, unit,
fault, action taken, result and time off.
h. Make modifications where such is the only way to solve the problem.
i. Any changes/modifications made must be effected in the equipment

manual (Circuit drawing) to update the manual in line with the new
circuitry of the equipment.
11. Ensure you exhaust every effort committedly on the fault.
12. Pack up your tools carefully ensuring none is missing or damaged.
13. Switch off all lighting units in the shelter.
14. Lock up the door of the shelter and return to your duty post.
NOTE:
1) Spend minimal time in every activity you undertake.

2) Under no circumstance must the equipment be put on “over-ride”.
3) Request for assistance if task/problem seems unsolvable
4) A number of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) devices used in electronic system
have built-in protection. However, their extremely high open-circuit impedance makes them susceptible
to damage from static charges. Hence, care must be taken when handling the devices or when
servicing the equipment in which they are used.
5) Under no circumstance must new equipment be received into the workshop or store without testing for
required specifications.
2.9 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE
2.9.1 Periodic maintenance procedures include daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly and annual
maintenance schedules which must be carried out as recommended by the equipment
99
manufacturer. The results must be recorded and certified by the officer in charge of the
station who in turn must forward result to appropriate quarters.
2.9.2 Tools available for maintenance purposes are as contained in the standard tool kits
provided. Test gears in the department include: GPS Navigator; Spectrum Analyzer; and
Communication Black Box.
2.9.3 Officers are to ensure proper care and security of the tools/test gears.
2.9.4 Spares administration rests with the HOD. However, duty officers are to handle spares
and/or modules in accordance with manufacturers‘ specifications and best engineering
practices.
2.9.5 Technical manuals are to be kept safe and in a position where it can easily be reached
for referencing. If for any reason they are removed or taken to another position such
should be logged down.
2.9.6 DAILY MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE
2.9.6.1 Daily maintenance procedures must be carried out by the duty officer and the
result(s) recorded. Any difference in equipment operating status must be rectified and
reported.
2.9.6.2 The air traffic safety engineering personnel on shift duty shall ensure that the
following checks are conducted:
i. Make a visual inspection of all the systems to see if there is any fault or
alarm indication. In the equipment room, the duty officer shall check all
transmit and receive indicators of the satellite communication system.
100
ii. Check the status of the IF and RF units in accordance with the
procedures and specifications enumerated in Section 2.6 of this Part of
the Manual as well as the relevant system performance indicators
contained in Chapter 5, Part 1 of this Manual.
iii. Check the AFTN Message Switch, log on to the technical console and
ensure that the operating parameters of the switch meet the
specifications enumerated in Part 1, sections 5.5 and 5.6 of this Manual.
iv. Ensure that the ATC Voice Recorder is monitored at 0700 UTC. In the
event of full media, ensure that the full media is unloaded and properly
stored away for future reference while a new media is loaded for use.
v. Ensure that Voice Recorder media is loaded in REC server and not
mounted.
vi. Update all Log Books as soon as any operational event occurs, for
example erratic or transient power supply, voice recorder and so on.
vii. Ensure Voice Recorder client PCs are loaded with a blank DVD-R media
as soon as an archived media ejects.
viii. Log into the Voice Recorder client media console and check the status of
archive by clicking on the ―Task‖ icon on the Program Menu. In the event
of encountering any alarm/ faults, clear the alarms by confirming the
active alarms and waiting for the system to reset the alarms to inactive
state and confirm those also.
ix. Ensure that all breakers are closed especially that of the generally
unsecured power distribution panel in the event of power failure.
101
x. Ensure that all LEDs on the components/Modules/Cards/Switches are
serviceable. i.e. they indicate green.
xi. In case of persistent power fluctuations, notify the Electro-mechanical
officer on duty.
xii. At the SATCOM shelter, check the status of the SSPA and record
relevant information about the Unit and the shelter temperature in the
Daily Transmit Power Parameter Form contained in Appendix D to this
Manual.
2.9.7 MONTHLY MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE
2.9.7.1 Monthly maintenance must, in all cases, be carried out in accordance with the
recommendations of the manufacturer and must be recorded and reported. The result
thereof must be certified by the Head of Department (HOD). The following actions may
be taken as part of the Monthly Maintenance Schedule:
i. The switching off and rebooting of all SSPAs. In relation to the SSPA, the
parameters set out in Section 2.9.7.2 must be ensured in addition to the
parameters enumerated in Section 5.2 of Part 1 of this Manual.
ii. The switching off and rebooting of the Up Converter and Down Converter
units.
iii. Simulation of power failure to ascertain the autonomy of the
Uninterruptible Power Supply systems.
iv. Washing of the masts, antenna radomes and dishes.
v. Replacement, if necessary, of burnt-out obstruction lighting bulbs.
vi. Making arrangements for checks on the fire extinguishers.
102
2.9.7.2 Monthly Maintenance Schedule Form for the SSPA
STATION: ATSEP ZONE: DATE:
MODEL SSC 1-60
LOCATION:
RATED OUTPUT POWER:

PARAMETER NORMAL STATUS
1 2 3 4
AC POWER POWER LAMP LIT
RF POWER MODE LOCAL/REMOTE
ALC ON
REFLECTED POWER 0 TO (RATED-7) dBm
HOTSPOT TEMP.
INTERNAL AIR TEMP.
PSI VOLTAGE 12 VDC
PSI CURRENT 25A
PS2 VOLTAGE 25VDC
FAN STATUS ON
FAN VOLTAGE 25VDC
103
2.10 PROCEDURES FOR EMERGENCIES
In order to ensure appropriate actions by officers in the event of actual emergencies or mock
emergency drills, the air traffic safety engineering personnel should note the following:
1. Electronic Communication officers should be familiar with the general layout of the
airfield, the building layout and the emergency procedures as may be promulgated and
published by the units concerned.
2. Officers should be familiar with the phraseology concerning emergencies.
3. The appropriate category of emergency is determined by ATC unit.
4. Officers should listen out for crash alarm and be ready to offer such assistance as
might be requested by the Search and Rescue Coordinating Unit.
104
CHAPTER 3
SOP-ATSE-TSER-02: TERRESTRIAL SERVICES
3.1 INTRODUCTION
of air navigation and terrestrial communications-related services under the Terrestrial
Services Department of the Directorate of Safety Electronics and Engineering Services
(DSEES) of NAMA at the station or operational unit levels.
3.1.2 The Document seeks to provide Terrestrial Services personnel at the station levels
with the information, guidance and instructions that would enable them to carry out their
duties uniformly and in accordance with applicable DSEES Policy Documents, NCAA

3.2.1 The ATC radio communications facilities or equipment under the Terrestrial Services
Department comprise of the following elements and applications that are deployed for air-
ground, and ground-ground communications:
i. VHF communication systems for approach and terminal controls.

ii. HF Radio telephony for area control and AFTN applications.
iii. Voice control and communication system associated with control tower and
approach.
iv. All electronic equipment associated with the controller working position
including but not limited to Aerodrome data display systems, servers, monitors
and ATC voice loggers.
v. Relevant Sensors along the runway for data generation.
105
vi. Aerodrome rotating beacon.
vii. Private Branch Exchange and associated telephone gadgets.
viii. Transmission lines including copper cables, optic fiber and coaxial cable for
video signals.
ix. Synchronous Transport Modules.
3.3 TERRESTRIAL SERVICES APPLICATIONS
3.3.1 The Terrestrial Services Department (TS) of Directorate of Safety Electronics and
Engineering Services (DSEES) is responsible for the provision and maintenance of ATC
Radio Communication and other ancillary facilities.
1) Controller-pilot VHF communication link for aerodrome and approach controls.

2) HF radio telephony for ground-to—ground and air—to-ground communications.
3) AFTN services using HF radios.
4) Telephony services.
5) Provision of automatic terminal information services (ATIS).
6) Provision of crash alarm services.
7) Voice archiving services for accident investigation purposes.
8) Provision of binoculars to air traffic controllers.
9) Provision of aerodrome signal guns.
3.3.3 The services itemized in Sub-section 3.3.2 are normally located in the following areas:
1. Control towers (fixed and mobile)

2. Approach control units
3. Area Control centers
4. Aeronautical communication centers
5. Flight information centers
6. VHF mobile units
7. Rescue and coordination centers
3.3.4 General Convention on Service Provision
3.3.4.1 The radios under the TS are deployed in the mains and standby configuration
for each channel. For VHF communications, all control towers have the basic, mandatory
radio transceivers:
106
1) Local control tower frequency
2) Domestic frequency on 121.7 MHz
3) Emergency frequency on 121.5 MHz
4) ATIS frequency in international airports.
3.3.4.2 HF transceivers are operated in the mains and standby configuration in the
Aeronautical Communications centers in SSB mode (LSB and USB) across all airport
locations. The Data radios are connected to dot matrix printers for hard copy
documentation and processing. Intercom services are also provided to all operational
centers and emergency units in all airports, including: Fire service, Apron control, Clinic,
Security agencies, Agency offices, and other stakeholders.
3.4 TERRESTRIAL SERVICES EQUIPMENT/FACILITIES
3.4.3 The available electronic communications equipment/facilities in the various operational

units are as tabulated hereunder:
TYPE
OF MAKE & FREQUENCY IN MHZ CHANNEL

ASSIGNMENT LOCATION DATE
EQUIPMENT MODEL INSTALLED OR
& COMMISSIONED
CONFIGURA
TION
VHF AIRBAND PARK AIR HF 9495KHZ VHF CHANNEL 1 MMIA 2006

MAIN/ T6T/T6R 118.1MHZ - TOWER CHANNEL 1
STANDBY PARK AIR VHF 119.1MHZ – CHANNEL 1 EQUIPMENT
T6T/T6R SECONDARY FREQ CHANNEL 1 ROOM
PARK AIR
T6T/T6R
VHF 121.9MHZ- GRD CHANNEL 1
PARK AIR CONTROL CHANNEL 1
T6T/T6R VHF 124.7MHZ- CHANNEL 1
PARK AIR APPROACH 1 CHANNEL 1
PARK AIR APPROACH 2
SSB PARK AIR EMERGENCY CHANNEL 2
T6T/T6R AEROCOM
TRANCEIVER VHF 121.7MHZ- GROUND CHANNEL 3 CENTRE
PARK AIR
T6T/T6R
FREQ CHANNEL 4
VHF 123.8MHZ- ATIS CHANNEL 5
CHANNEL 6
HF
TRANCEIVER HF 9104KHZ CHANNEL 1
NGT VR HF 6586KHZ CHANNEL 2
HF 8903KHZ CHANNEL 3
107
CHANNEL 6
HF DATA
HF 8174KHZ
HF 7424KHZ
HF 9044KHZ
HF 9220KHZ
HF 8145KHZ
HF 7349KHZ
VHF AIRBAND PARK AIR VHF118.1MHZ- TOWER CHANNEL 1 KANO 2014
MAIN/ T6T/T6R VHF 121.5MHZ- CHANNEL 1
STANDBY PARK AIR EMERGENCY CHANNEL 1 EQUIPMENT
T6T/T6R VHF 121.7MHZ- GROUND CHANNEL 1 ROOM
PARK AIR
T6T/T6R
FREQ
PARK AIR VHF 123.6MHZ- ATIS CHANNEL 1
SSB T6T/T6R CHANNEL 2
HF HF 5872KHZ
NGT VR CHANNEL 2
HF DATA
HF 8145KHZ
HF 7349KHZ
VHF AIRBAND PARK AIR VHF 119.2MHZ- MAIN CHANNEL 1 PORT 2006
T6T/T6R HARCOURT
MAIN/ VHF 118.6MHZ- CHANNEL 1
STANDBY PARK AIR SECONDARY CHANNEL 1 EQUIPMENT
T6T/T6R VHF 124.9MHZ- CHANNEL 1 ROOM
PARK AIR
T6T/T6R
APPROACH CHANNEL 1
PARK AIR VHF 122.3MHZ- ATIS CHANNEL 1 AEROCOM
T6T/T6R VHF 121.5MHZ- CENTRE
PARK AIR EMERGENCY CHANNEL 1
SSB T6T/T6R VHF 121.7MHZ- GROUND
TRANCEIVER PARK AIR FREQ CHANNEL 1
T6T/T6R CHANNEL 2
HF CHANNEL 4
TRANCEIVER
NGT VR
HF DATA HF 8174KHZ CHANNEL 6
HF 9044KHZ
HF 9220KHZ
HF 8145KHZ
HF 7349KHZ
VHF AIRBAND PARK AIR VHF 118.6MHZ- TOWER CHANNEL 1 ABUJA 2005
MAIN/ T6T/T6R VHF 119.2MHZ- CHANNEL 1 EQUIPMENT
STANDBY PARK AIR SECONDARY CHANNEL 1 ROOM
T6T/T6R VHF 127.1 MHZ- GRD CHANNEL 1
PARK AIR
T6T/T6R
CONTROL CHANNEL 1
PARK AIR VHF 127.9MHZ- CHANNEL 1
APPROACH 1 CHANNEL 1
108
PARK AIR APPROACH 2
SSB PARK AIR EMERGENCY
T6T/T6R
TRANCEIVER PARK AIR
VHF 127.05MHZ- ATIS CHANNEL 1
AEROCOM
T6T/T6R VHF 121.7MHZ- GRD-GRD CHANNEL 2 CENTRE
PARK AIR CHANNEL 3
T6T/T6R HF 5879KHZ CHANNEL 4
CHANNEL 5
HF HF 9103KHZ CHANNEL 6
NGT VR HF 7424KHZ
HF DATA HF 9044KHZ
HF 9220KHZ
HF 8145KHZ
HF 7349KHZ
VHF AIRBAND TA 7650 VHF 118.4MHZ-TOWER CHANNEL 1 MAIDUGURI
2012
MAIN/ JOTRON (TX)
EQUIPMENT
STANDBY RA 7203 VHF 118.4MHZ-TWR 2 CHANNEL 1 ROOM
JOTRON (RX) VHF 121.7MHZ- CHANNEL 1
PARK AIR
T6T/T6R
EMERGENCY
CHANNEL 1 AEROCOM
SSB HF 5872KHZ CHANNEL 2 CENTRE
TRANCEIVER HF HF 8903KHZ
TRANCEIVER CHANNEL 1
HF 7349KHZ
VHF AIRBAND TA 7650 VHF RADIO 124.5MHZ- CHANNEL 1 SOKOTO 2012
MAIN/ JOTRON (TX) TWR 1 CHANNEL 1
RA 7203 EQUIPMENT
STANDBY CHANNEL 1 ROOM
JOTRON (RX) VHF RADIO 122.1MHZ – CHANNEL 1
PARK AIR
T6T/T6R
TWR 2
VHF 121.7MHZ- GRD-GRD CHANNEL 1
SSB AEROCOM
TRANCEIVER HF 5872K CHANNEL 1 CENTRE
HF
TRANCEIVER CHANNEL 2
HF 8145KHZ
HF 7349KHZ
VHF AIRBAND TA 7650 VHF 119.6MHZ CHANNEL 1 ILORIN 2012
MAIN/ JOTRON (TX) CHANNEL 1
STANDBY RA 7203 VHF 121.7MHZ CHANNEL 1 EQUIPMENT
JOTRON (RX) ROOM
PARK AIR
T6T/T6R
AEROCOM
SSB HF 9044KHZ CHANNEL 2 CENTRE
TRANCEIVER HF
109
VHF AIRBAND TA 7650 VHF 122.5MHZ CHANNEL 1 BENIN 2012
JOTRON (RX) VHF 121.7MHZ CHANNEL 1 ROOM
PARK AIR
T6T/T6R AEROCOM
HF 5879KHZ CHANNEL 1 CENTRE
SSB
TRANCEIVER HF HF 9103KHZ CHANNEL 1
VHF AIRBAND TA 7650 VHF 118.4MHZ CHANNEL 1 IMO 2012

PARK AIR
T6T/T6R
VHF 124.9MHZ CHANNEL 1
SSB HF 5879KHZ CHANNEL 2
TRANCEIVER HF HF 9044KHZ CHANNEL 3 AEROCOM
TRANCEIVER CENTRE
HF DATA
VHF AIRBAND TA 7650 VHF 123.3MHZ CHANNEL 1 ENUGU 2012
MAIN/ JOTRON (TX)
JOTRON (RX) VHF 121.7MHZ-GRD- GRD CHANNEL 1 ROOM
PARK AIR
T6T/T6R
SSB
TRANCEIVER HF HF 9103KHZ CHANNEL 1 AEROCOM
TRANCEIVER HF 8174KHZ CHANNEL 2 CENTRE
VHF AIRBAND TA 7650 VHF 124.5MHZ CHANNEL 1 CALABAR 2012
MAIN/ JOTRON (TX)
RA 7203 EQUIPMENT
STANDBY VHF 124.5MHZ CHANNEL 1 ROOM
JOTRON (RX) VHF 121.7MHZ CHANNEL 1
110
PARK AIR VHF 121.5MHZ CHANNEL 1
T6T/T6R
TRANCEIVER HF
HF 8174KHZ CHANNEL 2 AEROCOM
NGT VR
CENTRE
VHF AIRBAND (MOBILE TWR VHF 118.8MHZ CHANNEL 1 KADUNA

MAIN/ RADIO) VHF 118.8MHZ CHANNEL 1
EQUIPMENT
STANDBY VHF 121.7MHZ- GRD-GRD CHANNEL 1 ROOM
HF
TRANCEIVER
SSB NGT VR AEROCOM
TRANCEIVER HF DATA HF 9103KHZ CHANNEL 1 CENTRE
VHF AIRBAND TA 7650 VHF 122.6MHZ CHANNEL 1 IBADAN 2012
MAIN/ JOTRON (TX)
PARK AIR
T6T/T6R
VHF 121.5MHZ CHANNEL 1
AEROCOM
TRANCEIVER HF
VHF AIRBAND TA 7650 VHF 122.5MHZ –TWR 1 CHANNEL 1 YOLA 2012

MAIN/ JOTRON (TX)
STANDBY RA 7203 VHF 122.5MHZ- TWR 2 CHANNEL 1 EQUIPMENT
JOTRON (RX) ROOM
PARK AIR
T6T/T6R
HF 5872HZ CHANNEL 1
AEROCOM
SSB CENTRE
111
VHF AIRBAND TA 7650 VHF RADIO 120.8MHZ CHANNEL 1 GOMBE
MAIN/ JOTRON (TX)
JOTRON (RX) ROOM
PARK AIR
T6T/T6R
SSB
TRANCEIVER HF 9103KHZ CHANNEL 1 AEROCOM
HF
CENTRE
VHF AIRBAND TA 7650 VHF 118.2MHZ- TWR CHANNEL 1 AKURE 2012

MAIN/ JOTRON (TX)
JOTRON (RX) ROOM
PARK AIR
T6T/T6R
AEROCOM
SSB CENTRE
VHF AIRBAND VHF 122.5MHZ CHANNEL 1 ZARIA

MAIN/ VHF 123.7MHZ CHANNEL 1
STANDBY EQUIPMENT
HF DATA HF 9103KHZ CHANNEL 1 ROOM
AEROCOM
VHF AIRBAND TA 7650 VHF 125.0MHZ- TWR CHANNEL 1 KATSINA
MAIN/ JOTRON (TX)
RA 7203 EQUIPMENT
STANDBY VHF 121.7MHZ CHANNEL 1 ROOM
JOTRON (RX)
PARK AIR
T6T/T6R
SSB HF 9103KHZ CHANNEL 1 AEROCOM
TRANCEIVER HF HF 8174KHZ CHANNEL 2 CENTRE
112
3.5.1.1 Air Traffic Safety Engineering personnel on shift duties in the Terrestrial
Services Department at the station levels shall adhere strictly to the instructions contained
in Section 3.6 of Part 1 of this Manual depending on the category applicable in
accordance with the operational unit categorization enumerated in sub-section 4.2.1 of the
first Part of this Manual. In addition, personnel on shift duties shall:
vii. Not leave their duty posts until their reliefs have resumed duties.
viii. Resume at their duty posts not later than 15 minutes before the actual time of the
commencement of watch.
ix. Ensure that the time of taking over is entered, including the confirmation of
x. Undertake an inspection of the sites and systems upon resumption.
xv. The sites (Equipment room and control tower) should be routinely visited for
equipment checks.
xvi. Equipment surroundings must be kept clean and conducive to the equipment.
xvii. Check that the cooling systems are efficient and effective.
xviii. There should be no delay in visiting the sites when such a need arises.
xix. Go through the Log Books for the maintenance history of the equipment.
xx. Ensure that power to the equipment is adequate for all phases.
xxi. Carry out visual inspection of the systems for any observable faults or alarm
indications.
113
xxii. Record clearly all actions taken in the Log Book in line with the logging format.
3.5.3 General Provisions on Maintenance
3.5.3.1 TS Checklist shall be maintained on a continuous and timely basis to meet

ICAO service requirements for continuity and availability. (Annex 10 Vol. IV to the Chicago
convention).
3.5.3.2 Barring sudden failures, proactive measures shall be adopted as far as

practicable throughout the chain of TS systems deployed for the provision of Ground-Air-
Ground communications.
3.5.3.3 Daily and scheduled maintenance shall be performed by qualified personnel

who meet the requirements provided in Sub-section 3.12.5 of Part 1 of this Manual. In
addition the personnel shall adhere strictly to the guidelines provided in this manual in
conjunction with manufacturer‘s manuals.
3.5.3.4 The VHF Radio equipment for ground-air voice communication shall be
operated within the allocated aeronautical frequency, that is 117.95 MHz to 137 MHz.
3.5.3.5 The VHF radio facility shall have a channel spacing of 8.33 KHz or 25 KHz.
3.5.3.6 The VHF facilities shall be located in such a manner as to avoid spurious
radiation and frequency interference.
3.5.3.7 The use of cavity filters shall be mandatory to prevent the reception of spurious
emissions not within the 3 dB power bands.
3.5.3.8 Wherever and whenever necessary, the voice switch shall be regularly updated
to meet the technical demands on it.
3.5.3.9 The Private Branch Exchange shall be internet compliant and VOIP ready. The
exchange shall be installed in either the delta or star topology. If in the star topology, the
hub shall be centrally located.
3.5.3.10 The external line plant shall as much as possible be restricted to optic fibre for
purposes of low loss and high signal velocity.
3.5.3.11 The internal line plant shall be of high quality PVC copper conductor.
3.5.3.12 All ancillary materials deployed for the purposes of service delivery in the
telephony unit shall be of high quality.
114
3.5.3.13 The ERP of the VHF radio equipment shall be such as to deliver a field strength
of not less than 75 μV/m2 (-109 dB W/m2) and a modulation depth of not more than 85%
to avoid over modulation.
3.5.3.14 The radio equipment shall have a stability of 0.0001% about the centre
frequency and a sensitivity of 20 µV/m or more after due consideration of all losses along
the antenna and transmission line.
3.5.3.15 In the event of carrying out corrective maintenance, the following should be
noted:
a) Carefully study fault symptoms using functional circuit diagrams.

b) Ensure that faults are identified down to replacement part level and conduct
appropriate checks and adjustments to determine that fault(s) no longer exist (s).
3.6 MAINTENANCE OF TERRESTRIAL RADIO SYSTEMS
3.6.1 Terrestrial communication systems shall be maintained on daily routine and periodic
basis. Each Terrestrial Services Unit in the control towers shall take the responsibility to
provide air-ground and ground-ground communication services as may be required and
maintain same according to applicable standards and procedures.
3.6.2 Daily Maintenance Procedure
3.6.2.1 Daily maintenance shall be carried out by the duty watch officers and all
observations shall be duly recorded in the maintenance logbook. Any difference in
performance of the equipment under observation must be reported and rectified.
3.6.2.2 The daily maintenance procedure shall be in accordance with the Table
provided hereunder:
CHECK LIST DAILY MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE PERSONNEL
3.6.2.2.1  Check the front panel of the radio

 Check that the READY indicator is lit
Two
 Observe that the ―transmit‖ light is lit when radio
VHF Radios is transmitting. Duty
115
 Observe that the ―receive‖ light is lit when radio Officers
is receiving.
 Proceed to record on the logbook that the
radios is ―S‖
3.6.2.2.2  Observe that the radio phone page is displayed
and all buttons are gray when not in use
 Observe that the telephone page is displayed
Controller working and all buttons are gray when not in use Duty officers
 Observe that both telephone and radio pages
Position/console show yellow when in use. (2)
 Proceed to record in the logbook that the CWP
is ―S‖
3.6.2.2.3  Check for any ALARM in the front panel
 Listen to transmit /receive audio level
 Ensure that the radio is in SSB mode
HF
transceiver
Duty officers
(2)
3.6.2.2.4  Check that the radio is scanning

 Check that the application is running on the PC
Duty officers
 Check that the transceiver modem and the PC (2)
HF data are communicating.
transceiver
3.6.2.2.5  Check that the input voice channels to the

recorder are available
ATC Voice Duty officers
 Retrieve and playback any voice file to confirm
Recorder (2)
the recording
 Ensure recorded files are saved in the
appropriate media.
116
3.6.3 SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE
3.6.3.1 The schedule maintenance procedure for TS Check list shall be carried out at
twelve-monthly intervals by qualified personnel of the Terrestrial Services Unit in any
control tower.
3.6.3.2 VHF RADIOS
3.6.3.2.1 The schedule maintenance procedure for VHF radios in all control towers shall
involve the following actions:
CHECK PROCEDURE PERSONNEL
3.6.3.2.1.1
Ensure the Use camel hair brush and clean lint-free cloth Duty officer (1)
equipment is to clean the radio.
clean and
external
connectors
securely fitted.
3.6.3.2.1.2  Ensure the radio does not have an

off-set.
 Connect the frequency counter to
the front panel reference
connector.
Check and  From the main screen press the
reset (if scroll switch to display the control
required) the screen turn the switch until settings
transmitter‘s/re is highlighted. Press the switch. Head of unit and
ceiver‘s  Ensure the settings switch is duty officer
internal displayed. Turn the switch until
reference ―Ref. Freq.‖ is highlighted, then
frequency. press the switch.
 With the Ref. Freq. selected, turn
the switch clockwise or anti
clockwise until the counter reads
20.950000MHz ±10 Hz; then press
the switch.
117
 Turn the switch clockwise until
―Exit‖ is highlighted, the press the
switch. You are returned to the
main switch.
3.6.3.2.1.3  From the Main screen, press the Head of unit and
switch to display the control Duty officer (1)
screen. Turn the switch until BIT is
highlighted
Perform BIT
interruptive
 Ensure the BIT menu is displayed.
test. Turn the switch until BIT initiated is
highlighted. Press the switch
 Note the BIT test status. It is either
―PASS‖ or ―FAIL‖
3.6.3.2.1.4  Confirm that both dc and ac supplies
are connected to the radio
Duty officer
 Confirm that the READY indicator is
lit, the LCD is illuminated and the
radio is operational
Perform an AC  Switch off the ac supply from the
and DC source
changeover
check (if both  Check that the radio continues to
supplies are operate correctly from the dc supply.
connected)  Restore ac supply
3.6.3.3 VHF ANTENNA SUB-SYSTEM
3.6.3.3.1 The schedule maintenance procedure for VHF Antenna Sub-system in all
control towers shall involve the following actions:
3.6.3.3.1.1
Dry joint Visual inspection at Duty officer

antenna site
3.6.3.3.1.2
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Rust Visual inspection at Duty officer
antenna site
3.6.3.3.1.3
Use multi-meter in the Head of unit and Duty

ohm mode and check officer (1)
Short/ Open for open/ short circuit
circuit on feeder
coaxial cable.
3.6.3.4 HF TRANSCEIVERS
3.6.3.4.1 HF transceivers shall be maintained in accordance with the general provisions

of the manual on TS and with reference to the manufacturer‘s document.
3.6.3.4.2 The schedule maintenance procedure for HF Transceivers in all control towers
shall involve the following actions:
3.6.3.4.2.1
Use brush and lint-

free cloth to clean the
Clean the Radio radio Duty officer (1)
3.6.3.4.2.2
Ensure free flow

of air around the
Clear all obstructions Head of unit and Duty
cooling fins to from free air around officer (1)
dissipate heat the radio.
generated by the
transceiver.
119
3.6.3.4.2.3
Resistance Head of unit and duty

measurement and officer (1)
Check the physical observation
protective earthing. of the earth cable.
3.6.3.4.2.4
Check the RF Same procedures as Head of unit and duty

earthing. in 3.6.3.4.2.3 officer (1)
3.6.3.5 HF ANTENNA SUB-SYSTEM
3.6.3.5.1 The antenna should be checked periodically (every 6 months) for wear and
tear. In particular the condition of the rope should be inspected, especially in the area
where the rope may have moved on the pulley. This will involve lowering the antenna. All
terminations should also be checked as well as the condition of the coaxial cable. The
following procedure shall apply:
3.6.3.5.1.1
Visual inspection at Head of unit and duty

the antenna site officer (1)
Antenna elements
3.6.3.5.1.2 In addition to the

procedure in
3.6.3.5.1.1, use the
Wattmeter to check
Coaxial cable and the cable and Same as for
connectors. connectors. 3.6.3.5.1.1
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3.7 MAINTENANCE GUIDELINE FOR SWITCHING AND CABLE
NETWORK
3.7.1 Switching and cable network consist of the local telephony network deployed to
provide intercom services and connection to PSTN for operations and administrative
functions. Inter-facility and inter-agency links are also provided in the cable network
system.
3.7.2 Maintenance of the switching and cable network involves the following equipment and
sites:
a) PABX
b) External line Plant
c) Internal Line Plant
d) Telephone Handset/Box
e) MDF/ IDF
f) Manhole
g) Updating of cable particulars
3.7.3 The tools for maintenance include the following:
a) Laptop PC ( Service Terminal)

b) Billing Machine ( Printer)
c) Multi-meters (Analogue/Digital)
d) Complete tool kit
e) Hand test set
f) Protective wears
g) Spares including Control Cards, Power supply cards, Console cards,
Trunk cards, Extension cards and so on.
3.7.4 The air traffic safety engineering officer responsible for maintenance shall be required
to maintain the switching nodes and the cable network in accordance with the general
provisions in this manual and the equipment manuals.
121
3.7.5 Routine Maintenance Procedure for Switching
PROCEDURE
Go through the logbook to attend to outstanding
problems.
Inspect equipment and necessary accessories handed
over by out-going or closing shift.
Identify any fault recorded in the logbook.
Conduct physical inspection on the working condition of
the PABX.
Check battery terminals, electrolyte level and top it up if
necessary.
Clear reported and detected faults.
Reset minor alarms; if it comes up again, apply proper
diagnostic procedure to identify the cause.
In case of any major alarms; ensure the fault is
diagnosed and cleared.
Check the conditions and functions of measuring meters.
3.7.6 Corrective Maintenance Procedure for Cable Network
MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE
References to particular logbook for evaluation of
reported faults.
Circuit monitoring at the MDF, IDF and DP for PABX,
NAVAIDS, SATCOM, Surveillance, Radio
Communications VHF/HF and ICT system links.
Faults clearing on subscribers Telephone which
involves physical check, visit to offices and terminals
interconnectivity as the case may be.
Replacement of faulty /damaged cables, which may be
house cable (internal-0.5 AWG) or U/G PFA (external-
0.5-0.9 AWG) standard.
3.7.7 Scheduled Maintenance Procedures for Switching and Cable Network
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3.7.7.1 Check for ALARMS
on:
 Individual cards on
PABX the PABX shelve Head of unit and duty
officer (1)
 Power supply
module
 Replace defective
parts if any.
 Carry out general
equipment
overhaul to sustain
service by
conducting checks
on generic
modules, Trunk
modules,
Extension
modules, Console
modules, Power
modules and back
up adapters.
3.7.7.2  Check that no

water and or
moisture is
present on the
MDF and IDF
 Check output
tone level
MDF/IDF generated at Head of unit and duty
the IDF and officer (1)
MDF
terminals to
ensure
optimum
system
performance
especially
when there is
continuous
out cry at sub-
end that the
signals level
is very low
123
3.7.7.3  Clear the
Manhole of
any over
growth
Head of unit and duty
 Inspect the officers (2)
Manhole concrete
structure
 Inspect the
cable joints
 Inspect and
evacuate
waterlogged
manholes
 Update
records
3.8 UNSCHEDULED MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES FOR RADIO

SYSTEMS
3.8.1 Duty officers shall be required to take actions necessary to restore equipment noted or
reported to have failed or inoperative expeditiously. The personnel responsible for
equipment maintenance shall follow the remedial steps below, or use field experience
accumulated over the years, provided in his/her reasoning, it is safe to do so, or use the
service or maintenance manual of the equipment under investigation.
3.8.2 In the event that the faulty equipment is not restored to NORMAL operational status by
the duty officer, he/she shall act in accordance with the fault reporting procedure
contained in this Manual.
3.8.3 RADIOS
3.8.3.1 The following procedure should be followed in the event of unscheduled

maintenance actions on radio systems:
i. Refer to the manufacture‘s maintenance manual.

ii. Check the front panel for alarms.
124
iii. Perform BIT interruptive test to localize the fault.
iv. Identify the module involved.
v. Replace with the appropriate module (check for compatibility).
vi. Must calibrate the radio if necessary.
vii. Download the radio parameters using the VFP software or from the front panel
control knob.
viii. Re-establish the AC and/ or DC supplies.
ix. Switch power on the radio using the rear panel supply switch.
x. Ensure the front panel ‗Ready‘ indicator is lit and the alarm indicator is unlit.
xi. If a new module has been fitted, connect the VFP PC to the radio using the PC to
radio interconnection lead. Care must be taken when using a module removed
from another radio as this may not be compatible software.
xii. Download the saved settings from the file using the VFP. Alternatively, the settings
can be edited manually from the front panel.
xiii. Carry out the BIT interruptive test.
xiv. Set the receiver‘s or transmitter‘s internal frequency by carrying out the procedure
in manufacturer‘s maintenance manual.
xv. Set the rear panel supply to standby and remove the VFP connection. Isolate the
receiver from the AC and /or DC supplies.
xvi. Refit the cover and return the radio to service.
3.8.4 HF TRANSCEIVERS
3.8.4.1 HF transceivers shall be maintained in accordance with the general provisions

of the manual on Terrestrial Services and with reference to the manufacturer‘s document.
3.8.4.2 Duty air traffic safety engineering officer shall ensure that the HF SSB radio
position:
a) Allows a free flow of air around the cooling fins to dissipate heat generated by
the transceiver.
b) Is not exposed to direct sunlight.
c) Enables correct connection and operation.
d) Enable easy maintenance.
3.8.4.3 The duty officer shall, in addition, check to ensure adequate earthing which is
necessary for electrical safety, static drain and noise reduction.
125
CHAPTER 4
SOP-ATSE-ANAV-03 – NAVIGATIONAL AIDS
4.1 INTRODUCTION
of air navigation services under the Air Navigational Aids Department of the Directorate of
Safety Electronics and Engineering Services (DSEES) of NAMA at the station or
operational unit levels.
4.1.2 The Document seeks to provide Air Navigational Aids personnel at the station levels

4.2.1 The Aeronautical Telecommunications facilities or equipment under the Navigational
Aids Department comprise of the following air navigation systems that are installed for en-
route navigation services, approach and landing aids:
i. En-route and Approach Navigational Aids for point-to-point navigation—

these are made up of (D) VOR/DME, and NDB.
ii. Aids to Final Approach and Landing Aids—made up of Instrument Landing
Systems (localizer, glide slope and Distance Measuring Equipment), (D)
VOR/DME, NDB and Locator Beacon.
126
4.3 NAVIGATIONAL AIDS SERVICES
4.3.1 The Navigational Aids (NAVAIDS) Department of the Directorate of Safety Electronics
and Engineering Services (DSEES) is responsible for the provision and maintenance of
en-route and Approach Navigational Aids such as VOR/DME and NDB, Landing Aids
such as Instrument Landing Systems comprising of---Localizer, Glide Slope, Distance
Measuring System, Locator Beacon and other ancillary facilities.
4.3.2 The air navigational services provided by the Department include:
1. Provision of guidance information or position data (in the form of bearing, range
or distance from a facility or station) for the efficient and safe operation of
aircrafts using VOR, DME, and NDB.
2. Provision of guidance information to support Instrument Landing System
Category II precision approach and landing operations.
3. Provision of suitably positioned navigation facilities for the marking of airways,
routes and air traffic corridors.
4. Provision of bearing and distance information for navigation, approach and for
lateral and longitudinal separation of air traffic according to standards.
5. Provision of guidance signals to aircraft in flight such as TO/FRO information
and the identities of aerodrome beacons and stations.
6. NDB signals for en-route navigation and homing approaches to aerodromes,
and also as an aid for final approaches.
7. Use of navigation aids for position fixes by aircraft/pilots inflight, such as
reporting points.
8. The use of DME/DME and VOR/DME information for PBN navigation and
approaches.
4.4 NAVIGATIONAL AIDS EQUIPMENT/FACILITIES
4.4.1 The following equipment or facilities are deployed for air navigation use by the
department:
i. VHF Omnidirectional Radio Range (VOR)

ii. Doppler VHF Omnidirectional Radio Range (DVOR)
iii. Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)
iv. Non Directional Radio Range (NDB)/Locator Beacon (LB).
v. Instrument Landing System-Localizer (ILS-LOC).
127
vi. Instrument Landing System-Glide Slope (ILS-GS) or Glide Path (GP).
vii. Remote Control and Monitoring System (RCMS)
viii. Miscellaneous facilities (UPS, Regulators, Surge Arrestors, and Lightning
protectors).
4.4.2 NAVIGATIONAL AIDS INSTALLATIONS IN NIGERIA AND THEIR

FREQUENCIES/CHANNELS
4.4.2.1 The navigational aids facilities available for operations at the various airports
and routes are as tabulated below:
4.4.2.1.1 Murtala Mohammed International Airport, Lagos
DATE INSTALLED OR
S/N FACILITY MAKE FREQ/CHANNEL COMMISSIONED
1 DVOR Thales ATM 112.9 MHz
2 DVOR/DME Thales ATM CH76X
3 VOR Thales ATM 113.7 MHz
4 VOR/DME Thales ATM CH84X
5 LLZ-18R Thales ATM 108.1 MHz
6 GS-18R Thales ATM 334.7 MHz
7 ILS/DME- Thales ATM CH18X
18R
8 LLZ-18L Thales ATM 110.3 MHz
9 GS-18L Thales ATM 335.0 MHz
18L
11 HRDF2030 FERNAU VHF
SELECTABLE
4.4.2.1.2 Mallam Aminu Kano International Airport, Kano
DATE INSTALLED OR
3 LLZ-06 Thales ATM 109.5 MHz
4 GS-06 Thales ATM 332.6 MHz
5 ILS/DME-06 Thales ATM CH32X
128
8 ILS/DME-24 Thales ATM CH48X
9 LLZ-05 SEL-3000 110.3 MHz
10 GS-05 SEL-3000 335.0 MHz
11 ILS/DME-05 FSD-5 CH40X
12 NDB SA-100 340 KHz
13 LOCATOR Thales ATM 260 KHz
SELECTABLE
4.4.2.1.3 Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport, Abuja
DATE INSTALLED OR
04
7 GS-22 Thales ATM 332.0MHz
22
9 NDB-22 Thales ATM 321KHz
10 FERNAU VHF
HRDF2030 SELECTABLE
4.4.2.1.4 Port Harcourt International Airport, Port Harcourt
DATE INSTALLED OR
3 LLZ- Thales ATM 110.3 MHz
4 GS- Thales ATM 335.0 MHz
6 SA-100 LB S. AVIONICS 385 KHz
SELECTABLE
129
4.4.2.1.5 Margaret Ekpo International Airport, Calabar
DATE INSTALLED OR
3 LLZ Thales ATM 109.1 MHz
4 GS Thales ATM 331.4 MHz
5 ILS/DME Thales ATM CH28X
6 NDB Thales ATM 317KHz
4.4.2.1.6 Sultan Abubakar III Airport, Sokoto
DATE INSTALLED OR
6 LOCATOR Thales ATM KHz
4.4.2.1.7 Maiduguri Airport
DATE INSTALLED OR
6 LOCATOR Thales ATM 332KHz
4.4.2.1.8 Kaduna Airport
DATE INSTALLED OR
2 VOR/DME FSD-45 CH100X
3 LLZ Thomson 110.1 MHz
4 GS Thomson 334.4 MHz
5 ILS/DME FSD-35 CH38X
6 LOCATOR STD R & T
130
4.4.2.1.9 Ilorin Airport
DATE INSTALLED OR
4.4.2.1.10 Owerri Airport
DATE INSTALLED OR
4.4.2.1.11 Enugu Airport
DATE INSTALLED OR
4.4.2.1.12 Jos Airport
DATE INSTALLED OR
6 LOCATOR S.AVIONICS 270KHz
131
4.4.2.1.13 Benin Airport
DATE INSTALLED OR
4.4.2.1.14 Yola Airport
S/N FACILITY MAKE FREQ/CHAN DATE INSTALLED OR

COMMISSIONED
1 VOR SEL 115.5 MHz
4.4.2.1.15 Minna Airport
S/N FACILITY MAKE FREQ/CHANNEL DATE INSTALLED OR

COMMISSIONED
6 LOCATOR LB-100 350KHz
4.4.2.1.16 Katsina Airport

COMMISSIONED
1 VOR SEL 113.7 MHz
6 LOCATOR S.AVIONICS 265KHz
132
4.4.2.1.17 Zaria

COMMISSIONED
SELECTABLE
4.4.2.1.18 Ibadan Airport

COMMISSIONED
1 VOR SEL 112.1 MHz
3 LOCATOR 310KHz
4.4.2.1.19 Gboko En-route Station

COMMISSIONED
1 VOR SELEX 115.9 MHz
2 VOR/DME SELEX 106X
4.4.2.1.20 Akure

COMMISSIONED
4.4.2.1.21 Okitipupa En-route Station

COMMISSIONED
1 NDB 345KHz
133
4.4.2.1.22 Bida En-route Station
S/N FACILITY MAKE FREQ/CHAN DATE INSTALLED

OR COMMISSIONED
3 NDB Thales ATM 328 KHz
4.4.2.1.23 Kishi En-route Station

OR COMMISSIONED
1 VOR SELEX 114.3 MHz
2 VOR/DME SELEX CH90X
4.4.2.1.24 Bauchi Airport

OR COMMISSIONED
1 VOR SEL
2 VOR/DME FSD-5
4.4.2.1.25 Gombe Airport

OR COMMISSIONED
1 VOR SEL 112.1 MHz
4.4.2.1.26 Asaba Airport

OR COMMISSIONED
134
4.4.2.1.27 Osubi Airport

OR COMMISSIONED
1 VOR Thales ATM 117.1
4.4.2.1.28 Bebi-Obudu Airstrip

COMMISSIONED
1 DVOR SELEX 112.9 MHz
2 VOR/DME SELEX CH76X
4.4.2.1.29 Uyo Airport

OR COMMISSIONED
4 GP Thales ATM 329.3 MHz
5 DME Thales ATM CH26X
4.4.2.1.30 Escravos

OR
COMMISSIONED
1 NDB 305 KHz
135
4.5.1.1 Air Traffic Safety Engineering personnel on shift duties in the Navigational Aids
Department at the station levels shall adhere strictly to the instructions contained in
Section 3.6 of Part 1 of this Manual depending on the category applicable in accordance
with the operational unit categorization enumerated in sub-section 4.2.1 of the first Part of
this Manual. In addition, personnel on shift duties shall:
i. Not leave their duty posts until their relievers have resumed duties.
ii. Resume at their duty posts not later than 15 minutes before the actual time of the
commencement of watch.
iii. Ensure that the time of taking over is entered in the logbook, including the
confirmation of equipment status at the time of taking over.
v. Ensure that the status of the navigational aids is continuously monitored on the
Remote Monitoring and Control Systems located in the engineering office or control
tower equipment room.
i. The navigational aids sites should be routinely visited for equipment checks.
ii. Equipment surroundings must be kept clean and conducive to the equipment.
iii. Check that the cooling systems are efficient and effective.
iv. Go through the Log Books for the maintenance history of the equipment.
v. Ensure that power to the equipment is adequate for all phases.
vi. Carry out visual inspection of the systems for any observable faults or alarm
indications.
136
vii. Login with the maintenance laptop and observe readings of critical parameters
for any drift and possible corrections.
viii. Ensure that all measurements, BITE indications or alarms observed from the
laptop are properly analyzed using the Technical Manuals before undertaking
any corrective actions.
ix. Record clearly all actions taken in the Log Book in line with the logging format.
Any changes in settings, parameters, adjustments or modifications made must
be duly logged showing the old and the new values and reported to the
appropriate authorities.
x. There should be no delay in visiting the sites when such need arises.
4.6 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES FOR NAVIGATIONAL AIDS SYSTEMS
4.6.1 EQUIPMENT OPERATIONS AND SWITCHING ON PROCEDURES
4.6.1.1` Switching On
4.6.1.1.1 The equipment shall never be switched on unless it is connected to the antenna
or an adequate dummy load.
4.6.1.1.2 Ensure that the switches on the AC/DC converters are in the ON position; then
switch TX1 and/or TX2 breakers on the (PMM) to put on the transmitters. If a PMM-5
option is installed (Glide and VOR racks), use the NAV main switch first to fully switch
on the installation. Additionally, the main switches DME or RL (Radio Link) can be
used to switch on the power supply to associated installations of a DME or a Radio
Link.
137
4.6.1.2 Change over from Remote to Local (PC)
4.6.1.2.1 To change over from Remote Control to Local Control press the key REQUEST
RELEASE on the DETAILED STATUS field of the LCSU panel.
4.6.1.3 Change Over To Monitor Bypass Or Maintenance Operation
4.6.1.3.1` Bypass operation is only necessary when operational values have to be

adjusted on the transmitters and monitors or when a maintenance check has to be
performed. It is carried out using the maintenance control unit (PC). Before putting the
system on maintenance inform the air traffic control center.
4.6.1.4 Functional Check of Indications
4.6.1.4.1 When the LAMP TEST key on the LCSU is pressed all indications light up
simultaneously and the buzzer sounds for optical and acoustic test purposes. Since the
monitor carries out normal checks of function and accuracy, the operation of the
installation is faultless when the control and status panel indicates NORMAL. If, however,
the control and status panel shows WARNING or ALARM, a check of the installation via
PC is possible after pressing the REQUEST RELEASE key to change from remote to
local control.
4.6.1.5 Switching Off
4.6.1.5.1 The installation can be switched off through command with the connected PC or
directly with the main switches TX1 and TX2 on the PMM. The indications on the
control and status panel extinguish.
NOTE: If the breakers TX1 and TX2 on PMM and/or NAV breaker on PMM-5 are switched
off the whole installation is shut down and the LRCI (LCSU) and modems cannot receive
commands to switch on the transmitters remotely. The installation then has to be switched on
manually.
138
4.6.1.6 Software Operation
4.6.1.6.1 Adjustments, troubleshooting and maintenance of the THALES NAVAIDS are

done through a connected computer to the system which is preloaded with the ADRACS
program.
4.6.1.7 Logging in Procedure

1. Connect PC serial interface connector (e.g. COM1) to connector RS232 at front panel
of equipment LCSU using an interface cable.
2. Double-click the ADRACS icon shown on the PC desktop screen.
3. Select ―STANDARD‖ configuration and click ok.
4. Click on ―Login‖ from the displayed equipment configuration window and a password
window will appear with ―User1, maximum Level5‖ highlighted by default. Click OK,
the login changes to logout indications.
5. Click on the command menu and set the transmitters on, if they are already on
proceed to the next step.
6. Click on the ―Select‖ box and the antenna configuration window will appear, showing
one transmitter on aerial and the other on dummy load
7. Click on the box ―LRCI‖ or ―CSB‖ and the hammer symbol on the toolbar below the
screen will become bold.
8. Click on the hammer symbol and by default Monitor1-Measurement Aerial-Window1

is highlighted, click set.
9. Select Monitor2-Measurement Aerial-window2 then ―Set‖
10. Click on TX1→Adjustment→Window3, then ―Set‖
11. Click on TX2→Adjustment→Window4, then ―Set‖
12. Click on ―Tile‖, then click ―Exit‖ or ―Close‖
13. The monitors‘ measurements can now be seen and analyzed, and the transmitters‘
adjustment window is also display for any adjustment to be made on the transmitters.
139
4.6.1.8 Loading of SITE files
1. As a result of bad, expired or faulty CMOS batteries the equipment site files can be
lost and when the system is switched on only ―CSB‖ will be display on the LCSU. If
that happens proceed as follows to load the SITE files.
2. After login Click on the box ―Control‖ and the REU OPERATIONS window is
generated at the top left side of the screen.
3. Click on ―File Transfer‖; a pull-down menu will appear.
4. Click on ―Copy PC File to RAM‖. The RC File Manager PC (open files) appears with a
downward arrow.
5. Click on the arrow in ―Look in‖ and a list of drives will appear. Select the drive
containing your site files, e.g., Flash Drive F or C Drive or any medium containing the
site files.
6. Click on the correct equipment type, e.g. LOC_2F. Loading of the site files starts
automatically.
7. Click on ―File Transfer‖ → ―RESET SITE‖. The site will be shut down and restart
automatically. This will take almost a minute and when the equipment is ready a beep
sound from the LCSU will be heard. If the equipment fails to restart by itself after the
reset function you manually switch off both TX1 and TX2. Then switch TXs on again to
initialize.
8. Login to the equipment again and click Control to activate the control toolbar at the top
of the desktop screen.
9. Click on File Transfer→then select ―Update LKE Files‖. A list of files will be shown.
10. Click on ―copy‖ and wait while the files are copied.
11. Reset site once again, i.e. File Transfer->Reset Site, the equipment shuts down and
restarts automatically.
12. The site files are now loaded in. Set the equipment time by going back to control; then
click ―DateTimeReu‖ on the control toolbar.
13. Click ―Set to PC time‖. Make sure the PC time is correct before this adjustment.
14. Your equipment is now ok for your normal operation, maintenance, and checks or
troubleshooting.
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4.6.2 MAINTENANCE
4.6.2.1 All maintenance activities on NAVAIDS facilities and systems fall into two main
categories namely: Preventive Maintenance; and Corrective Maintenance.
4.6.2.2 Preventive Maintenance
4.6.2.2.1 This consists of servicing and routine maintenance performed in accordance

with equipment maintenance checklists. In general, this consists of:
1) Electrical and Mechanical checks

2) Visual Inspection
3) Cleaning
4) Tightening
5) Adjustment
6) Replacement of fuses and indicator lamps
7) Recording of observed Equipment or System faults
8) Inspection of cable ducts and connecting cables
9) Inspection of anti-collision/obstruction lamps
4.6.2.2.2 Equipment performance testing, including maintenance checks, test and

adjustment.
4.6.2.2.3 Trouble-shooting of the equipment.
4.6.2.2.4 Replacement of plug-in items and replacement of parts involving partial

disassembly and adjustments as recommended in the Technical Manuals.
4.6.2.2.5 These checks shall be done Weekly, Monthly, Quarterly, Half-yearly and
Yearly as specified in the manufacturer‘s guidelines.
NOTE: In addition to the procedures enumerated above there are inspections and cleaning
whose nature and periodicities depend on the local conditions (the environment of the
equipment and operational usage). If the environment is dusty, then the cleaning will be
required more often; if the equipment is sparingly used, then less inspection is required. The
tools and test gears for preventive maintenance vary from equipment to equipment.
4.6.2.2.6 Preventive Maintenance Checks
1. These are periodic checks which shall be carried out Weekly, Monthly, Quarterly, Half-
yearly and Yearly as specified in the manufacturer‘s guidelines. The requirements are:
141
(a) Equipment maintenance manuals
(b) Test gears recommended by the manufacturer or available equivalents.
The following test gears are suggested for use in maintaining NAVAIDS
facilities:
i. Oscilloscope, double beam, general purpose
ii. Frequency counter (0 – 500 MHz)
iii. Laptop computer that has WIN ADRACS program installed in

it.
iv. Thru line Wattmeter with 1,5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 watts
elements
v. Auto-range Multi-meter
vi. Various sizes of dummy loads
vii. RF attenuators 10 dB 3.5 watts, 20 dB 3.5 watts and 30dB 100

watts.
viii. Reflectometer (Voltage standing Wave ratio Indicator)
ix. VHF Receiver with built in input attenuator
x. ILS / VOR Analyzer (Receiver)
(c) Laptop Computer

(d) Technical Performance Record card as attached
4.6.2.3 Periodic Maintenance
4.6.2.3.1 The periodic maintenance is in most cases divided into six periods:
1. Daily maintenance schedule which shall be carried out by the duty staff and the result
duly recorded. Any difference in reading or performance shall be reported and
rectified.
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2. Weekly maintenance schedule shall be carried out in accordance with
recommendations of the manufacturer of the equipment and shall be recorded and
reported. Head of the duty shift shall certify the result of this schedule dutifully.
3. Monthly maintenance schedule shall in all cases be carried out according to the
manufacturer‘s recommendations by very experienced officers and involves semi-
overhaul of the equipment. Result is recorded and any fall in performance shall be
corrected without delay. The officer in charge shall certify this schedule appropriately.
4. Quarterly maintenance schedule is an overhauling procedure of the equipment

involved and shall be carried out by licensed officers and as specified in the
maintenance manual of the equipment. The result shall be recorded and certified by
the officer in charge of the station who in turn shall forward it to the DSEES
headquarters after counter signing it.
5. Minor-annual maintenance schedule should be carried out in accordance with the

manufacturers‘ instruction and the result certified by officer in charge of the
station/licensed officer and forwarded to the headquarters.
6. Annual maintenance schedule shall be carried out as recommended by the

manufacturer and shall be done by licensed ATSEP. This shall be recorded and
certified by the ATSES staff in charge of the station and forwarded to the DSEES HQ
for further necessary action.
4.7 MAINTENANCE OF VHF OMNIDIRECTIONAL RADIO RANGE (VOR)
4.7.1 Maintenance and operating activities relating to the VHF Omnidirectional Radio Range
should be in compliance with the Operational Specifications and Procedural Checklist in
Section 5.7 of Part 1 of this Manual.
4.7.2 The maintenance programme for the VOR consists of the following:
i. Periodic performance tests to determine if the facility is operating in

accordance with established criteria.
ii. Equipment adjustment procedures.
iii. Periodic formal facility inspections.
143
4.7.3 Periodic Performance Tests
4.7.3.1 Once the equipment is installed, adjusted, flight calibrated, and placed in
service it will be necessary to check periodically the main performance parameters to
determine if the facility and monitoring equipment are operating normally. The checks
should take due cognizance of the parameters stated in the following table:
PARAMETER LIMIT REFERNCE

PARAGRAPH
(ANNEX 10) Vol. 1
Transmitting Equipment
Carrier frequency accuracy ± 0.005% 3.3.2.1
Power Output 80% of normal None
Modulation Levels
Reference Signal (9960 Hz) 28% to 32% 3.3.5.2
Variable Signal (30 Hz) 28% to 32% 3.3.5.3
Identification Signal (1020 Hz) Close to, but in excess
of 10% Nominal 5% +
1% if VOICE is used 3.3.6.6
Voice (300 to 3000 Hz) 26% to 30% 3.3.6.2
Monitor Alarms 3.3.6.7
Phase (Course Shift) Excess of ±1.0 3.3.7
Variable Signal Level Reduction of 15% or 3.3.7
Reference Signal Level more 3.3.7
Identification Signal Level Reduction of 15% or
more None
Absence of signal or
Reduction of 50% or
more
4.7.4 Schedule of Maintenance Tests
4.7.4.1 The following is a recommended minimum schedule of maintenance tests for

VOR facilities. Included are tests for all of the main performance parameters listed in the
table above. Other tests or checks recommended by the equipment manufacturer shall be
added as appropriate. This schedule is based on a facility having dual transmitting
equipment, a remote control unit, and automatic transfer capability. Procedures for
performing these tests are contained in the maintenance manual:
144
4.7.4.1 WEEKLY
a. Read and record transmitters and monitors settings and measurements.
b. Evaluate measurements that differ from those recorded in previous weeks and
take action as appropriate.
c. Measure and record monitor course shift alarm points.
d. Determine that other monitor alarm points (reference, variable, and

identification) are normal.
e. Listen to the identification code and voice transmissions as radiated and

ascertain that they are normal.
4.7.4.1.2 MONTHLY
a. Perform a ground check on each equipment

b. Transfer equipment operating as ―main‖ to ―standby‖ status. This will equalize
transmitter time. It is recommended that the No. 1 equipment be operated as
―main‖ on the odd months (January, March, May, etc.) and No. 2 on the even
months (February, April, June, etc.).
c. If standby power source is available, simulate a power failure and determine
that the standby power source assumes the load and functions normally.
d. Determine that the power output of the transmitter is within tolerance.
e. Simulate an equipment failure to determine that the transfer / shutdown function
is normal.
f. Additionally the following maintenance activities are recommended:
No. Monthly maintenance

1 Check system status/visual inspection
2 Check station frequency of former master transmitter*
3 Check station identification of former master transmitter*
4 Check settings of both transmitters and monitors*
5 Check measured values of former master transmitter and monitors*
6 Check switchover function by simulating monitor alarm and changing master
transmitter*
7 Check station frequency of new master transmitter*
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8 Check station identification of new master transmitter*
9 Check measured values of new master transmitter and monitors*
Additional six-monthly maintenance

10 Check ground error curve of former master transmitter
11 Check ground error curve of new master transmitter
12 Check remote control system (line loss, if applicable)*
13 Check lead batteries /visual inspection
14 Check battery function by simulating a power failure*
15 Clean all equipment thoroughly.
The items marked with an asterisk (*) are normally performed continuously via a connected
RMMC.
4.7.5 Ground checks
Ground checks shall be conducted for the VOR once every month and the error spread shall
not be more than 2 degrees. The ground check table shall be as shown below:
TX1 BEARING TX2

ERROR ERROR
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
SPREAD
146
NOTE: Standard operation is carried out via a remote control interface with the user program
WIN ADRACS installed on a PC. For local operation only a few functions are operable with
the control and indication panel (LCSU). The alignment procedure and the maintenance are
performed with a locally connected PC.
4.8 MAINTENANCE OF INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM (ILS)
4.8.1 The ILS and DME shall comply fully with ICAO specifications in Annex 10 and
provide the required services the operators need in the current Air Traffic Control
(ATC) environment. The ILS must provide accurate course and glide path information
for approach and landing aircraft, while the co-located DME must provide slant range
distance information to the aircraft with reference to the touch down point.
4.8.2 The maintenance and operation of the ILS shall be in accordance with the
Technical Details and procedural checklist enumerated in Section 5.8 of Part 1 of this
Manual.
4.8.3 LOCALIZER
4.8.3.1 Specifications
1. Frequency—operating frequency range of localizer shall be from 108.00 MHz to

111.975 MHz and shall be maintained to within ±0.005 % for 1F and ±0.002 %for 2F
with separation between the two frequencies of 5 KHz to 14 KHz.
2. Course alignment—the mean course line shall be adjusted and maintained within
limits equivalent to ±10.5 m (35 ft.) for facility performance category I, and within ±7.5
m (25 ft.) for facility performance category II.
3. Displacement Sensitivity—the displacement sensitivity of the ILS localizer shall be

maintained at 0.00145 DDM/m (0.00044 DDM/ft.) at the ILS reference datum. The
increase of DDM shall be substantially linear with respect to angular displacement
from the front course line (where DDM is zero) up to an angle on either side of the
147
front course line where the DDM is 0.180. From that angle to ±10º the DDM shall not
be less than 0.180. From ±10º to ±35º the DDM shall not be less than 0.155.
4. Coverage—the localizer coverage sector shall extend from the center of the localizer
antenna system to distances of:
i. 46.3 km (25Nm) within ±10º from the front course line.

ii. 31.5 km (17Nm) between ±10º and ±35º from the front course line.
iii. 18.5 km (10Nm) outside of ±35º from the front course line if covered.
4.8.3.2 The maintenance program consists of the following:
1. Periodic performance tests to determine if the facility is operating in accordance

with established criteria
2. Equipment adjustment procedures
3. Periodic formal facility inspections.
4.8.3.3 Periodic Performance Tests
4.8.3.3.1 Once the equipment is installed, adjusted, flight calibrated, and placed in
determine if the facility and monitoring equipment are operating normally. The following
maintenance activities listed in the table below should be performed once every weekly,
monthly, quarterly or yearly.
4.8.3.3.2 The following measuring instrument will be required:
i. Personal computer (PC).

ii. ILS Analyzer for field measurements.
iii. Multimeters, cables and adapters.
iv. Battery maintenance equipment.
148
4.8.3.4 Weekly, Monthly, Quarterly and Annual Maintenance Checklists:
No. Weekly maintenance

1 Check system status and make a visual inspection of building equipment and
antenna
2 Check course alignment. *
3 Check displacement sensitivity. *
No. Monthly maintenance, additional to weekly

4 Check lead batteries including voltage, acid density, where applicable
Carry out ground checks to determine the integrity of the radiated signal
5
No. Quarterly maintenance, additional to monthly

6 Check off course clearance. *
7 Check settings of both transmitters and monitors. *
8 Check output power and power alarms. *
9 Check remote control system (line losses, if audio cables used). *
10 Check battery function by simulating a power failure. *
No. Yearly maintenance, additional to quarterly

Check polarization. *
Check carrier frequency*
Take a complete memory readout of all possible parameters*
4.8.3.5 Ground checks
4.8.3.5.1 Ground checks shall be carried out monthly and tabulated as shown below:
DDM (90Hz) POSITION (degrees) DDM (150Hz)

0
1
3
4
5
10
15
149
20
25
30
35
4.8.3.5.2 From the table above the increase of DDM shall be substantially linear with
respect to angular displacement from the front course line (where DDM is zero) up to an
angle on either side of the front course line where the DDM is 0.180. From that angle to
±10º the DDM shall not be less than 0.180. From ±10º to ±35º the DDM shall not be less
than 0.155.
4.8.3.5.3 If the conditions specified in Sub-section 4.8.6.2 are not met by the ground
check, then your localizer structure is not correct. Further investigation or troubleshooting
should be carried out. In most instances realignment of the system must be done to
resolve this type of problem.
4.8.3.6 Requirement of Routine Tests for ILS (Localizer) Facilities
4.8.3.6.1 The following table shows the fundamental Localizer Routine Performance Test
Requirements:
Recommended
Parameter Category routine check Nominal Tolerances
period
COURSE I Monthly Runway Equal to
ALIGNMENT II Weekly Centre line +10.5m
Equal to +
7.5m
DISPLACEMENT I Monthly 0.00145 Equal to
SENSITIVITY II Weekly DDM/m at the +17%
ILS ref datum Equal to
+17%
OFFCOURSE I Monthly On either
CLEARANCE II Monthly side of the
course line
substantially
linear
decrease to
0.18DDM
POLARIZATION I Once a year No vertical DDM error of
150
II Once a year polarization 0.016
DDM error of
0.008
CARRIER Within
FREQUENCY 0.005%
Single frequency Promulgated Within
Dual frequency All Yearly frequency 0.002%
categories
Frequency Between
difference (dual 5KHz and
frequency) 14KHz
OUTPUT POWER Greater than
Single frequency All Determined 50% of
Localizer Categorie Quarterly during initial standard
s flight calibration Greater than
Dual frequency 80%of
Localizer standard for
course
system
Greater than
50% and less
than 100%
for clearance
system
TONE I/ II Quarterly 90 Hz and + 2.5%
FREQUENCY 150Hz + 1.5%
MODULATION I/ II Weekly 20% referred to

DEPTH the on course 18% - 22%
(90 Hz and 150 line
Hz)
MODULATION All Quarterly 10% 7% - 15%
DEPTH Categorie
(1020 Hz) s
MODULATION All Weekly 35% 30% -
DEPTH categories 40%(mean)
(voice)
HARMONIC I Annually Total content
CONTENT OF 90 II not to exceed
Hz AND 150Hz 10% of each
TONES tone
90Hz and 150 Hz I/II Yearly In phase 20° relative to
PHASING 150 Hz
MONITOR SYSTEM I Weekly False radiation
OPERATION time less than
II Weekly 5 sec.
151
Less than 10
sec.
MONITOR I Quarterly + 10.5m Not greater
COURSE than the
ALIGNMENT nominal limits
ALARM II Quarterly + 7.5m
MONITOR All Not greater

DISPLACEMENT Quarterly + 17% than the
SENSITIVITY ALRM Categorie nominal limits
s
MONITOR POWER Reduction of Not greater
REDUCTION All Quarterly 50% than the
ALARM Categorie Reduction of nominal limits
Single frequency s 20%
localizer
Dual frequency
localizer
4.8.3.6.2 For the alarm indications refer to the procedure for the Glide Path in Section
4.8.8.
4.8.4 GLIDE PATH (SLOPE)
4.8.4.1 Once the equipment is installed, adjusted, flight calibrated, and placed in
determine if the facility and monitoring equipment are operating normally. The following
measuring instrument will be required:
i. Personal computer (PC)
ii. ILS Analyzer for field measurements
iii. Multimeters, cables and adapters
iv. Battery maintenance equipment.
4.8.4.2 The maintenance activities listed in the table below should be performed once
every weekly, monthly, quarterly or yearly:
No. Weekly maintenance

1 Check system status and make a visual inspection of building equipment and
antenna
2 Check course alignment. *
3 Check displacement sensitivity. *
152
No. Monthly maintenance, additional to weekly
4 Check lead batteries including voltage, acid density, where applicable
No. Quarterly maintenance, additional to monthly

5 Check off course clearance. *
6 Check settings of both transmitters and monitors. *
7 Check output power and power alarms. *
8 Check remote control system (line losses, if audio cables used). *
9 Check battery function by simulating a power failure. *
No. Yearly maintenance, additional to quarterly

Check polarization. *
Check carrier frequency*
Take a complete memory readout of all possible parameters*
NOTE: Table II below is the summary of the operating procedure of the Glide Path routine
performance test requirements.
TABLE II – GLIDE PATH ROUTINE PERFORMANCE TEST REQUIREMENTS
Recommend
Parameter Category ed routine Nominal Tolerances
check period
ANGLE STABILITY I Monthly Nominal Within 7.5% of
angle θ the nominal
II angle θ
weekly Within 7.5% of
the angle θ
DISPLACEMENT I Monthly Nominal + 25%
SENSITIVITY value setting
( Half glide path II Weekly at + 20%
sector) commissionin
g
CLEARANCE I Monthly See Para 3.3 Not less than
BELOW PATH II Weekly the nominal
value
CARRIER Yearly + 0.005%
FREQUENCY Promulgated
Single frequency All Yearly frequency + 0.002%
Dual frequency categorie
s Yearly
Frequency Between 4 KHz
153
difference and 32KHz
(Dual frequency)
TRANSMITTER Single
OUTPUT POWER Determined frequency
Single frequency All Quarterly during initial greater than
Dual frequency Categorie flight 50% of
s inspection standard.
Dual frequency
greater than
80% of standard
for primary
system and
greater than
50% and less
than 100% for
clearance
system
TONE I Quarterly 90Hz and +2.5%
FREQUENCY 150Hz
(90Hz and 150Hz) II Quarterly +1.5%
MODULATION All 40%
DEPTH categorie Weekly referenced to +2.5%
(90Hz and 150Hz) s the glide path
HARMONIC I Yearly Total content
CONTENT not to exceed
90Hz and 150Hz II Yearly 10%of each
TONES tone
90Hz AND 150Hz I Yearly In phase 20% relative to
PHASING II Yearly 150Hz
MONITOR I Monthly False
SYSTEM radiation time
OPERATION II Monthly less than
6sec
MONITOR ANGLE All |+ 7.5% of Not greater than
ALRM Categorie Quarterly nominal the nominal
s angle limits
MONITOR All 25% of the Not greater than
DISPLACEMENT Quarterly nominal value the nominal
SENSITIVITY Categorie selected limits
ALARM s
MONITOR POWER Not greater than
REDUCTION All Reduction of the nominal
ALARM categorie Quarterly 50% limits
Single frequency s
Dual frequency Reduction of
20%
154
4.9 DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT (DME)
4.9.1 The DME ground beacon must comply with the ICAO Annex 10 specification, and
compatible with DME/P (Precision) airborne interrogators for IAM type interrogations.
4.9.2 The Technical Details of DME when collocated with CVOR or ILS are contained in
Section 5.9 of Part 1 of this Manual.
4.9.3 Periodic Performance Tests
4.9.3.1 The parameters of the DME ground equipment, which shall be regularly tested,
are shown in the table in Sub-section 4.9.5. However, the frequency with which such tests
should be performed must be determined on the basis of experience with each type of
equipment. Hence, the periodicity suggested in Sub-section 4.9.5, are given only as
general guidance which may be modified as required in the light of equipment
manufacturer‘s recommendations or practical experience. It is, however, important that
comprehensive ground adjustments of the equipment are performed immediately before
any flight calibration of the facility.
4.9.3.2 The procedures and test equipment to be employed in the testing of DME
transponder shall be based on the procedures recommended in the technical manuals of
the equipment concerned.
4.9.4 Preventive Maintenance
4.9.4.1 Preventive maintenance interventions shall be performed at beacon site. These

consist of the following operations:
i. Ordinary Maintenance: These are mainly mechanical procedures to keep the

beacon in good operating conditions.
ii. Scheduled Maintenance: These are test procedure, performed at scheduled

intervals, to measure and verify the beacon main parameters.
4.9.4.2 Ordinary Maintenance
4.9.4.2.1 Ordinary maintenance shall be performed approximately every 6 months. It

consists of the following operations:
155
i. Remove the dust inside and outside the beacon with compressed air. The interval
between two cleaning operations depends on the room where the beacon is installed
and may therefore be modified (6 months for not very dusty rooms).
ii. Check that the connector connections are mechanically correct (tightened).
4.9.5 Table of Procedures for Scheduled Maintenance
S/N FREQUENCY MAINTENANCE OPERATION

TRANSMITTER PARAMETTERS
01 Every Year RF frequency stability
02 Every year Synthesizer (TFS) CW signal level
03 Every year Pulse Shape
04 Every year Pulse Spectrum
05 Every Six Months Pulse Spacing
06 Every Six Months Output power
07 Every Six Months Transmitter power in dummy load
08 Every Six Months Peak power Drop
09 Every Six Months Transmission Rate
RECEIVER VERIFICATIONS
10 Every Year Receiver Sensitivity
11 Every Year Receiver Sensitivity With Decoding
12 Every Year Receiver Sensitivity Variation With interrogating load
13 Every Year Bandwidth
14 Every Year Interrogation Rejection on Adjacent Channel
15 Every Year Recovery Time
16 Every Year Identity Code Check
156
17 Every Six Months Reply Delay Check
18 Every Six Months Check for reply delay variation with interrogation level
19 Every Six months Reply efficiency check
20 Every Year Monitors check
21 Every Year Transponder Change over check
22 Every Six Months Controllers change over check
23 Every Six months Controllers Interfacing Check
Power Supply System checks
24 Every year BCPS unit
25 Every year DC/DC converters on TPS modules
26 Every year DC/DC converters on TTP modules
27 Every year Battery charger checks
28 Every six months Checks with diagnostics

or whenever
necessary
4.10 NON-DIRECTIONAL BEACON / LOCATOR BEACON

4.10.1 ROUTINE CHECKS
4.10.1.1 The Personal Computer equipped with DOS supervisor and NDB (SV) manager
is the strongest aid for maintenance and diagnosis operations of an NDB 436. It permits a
detailed and clear interaction with the equipment.
4.10.1.2 The following procedures for routine checks should be adhered to:
1. Perform turn ON/ Switch over/ turn off commands of the transmitters.
2. Connect a dedicated Laptop computer to the serial port of the equipment
157
3. Display the equipment history containing the most significant events.
4. Display the measurements performed by the monitors on the most important
parameters of beacons.
5. Display any anomalies (WARNING)
6. Give a detailed display of the internal state of the various modules for diagnosis
purposes.
7. Set and change the operation modes of transmitters and monitors.
8. Place the equipment under manual control (maintenance) for corrective and
diagnosis maintenance operation.
4.10.2 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
4.10.2.1 No electrical maintenance is required: It is suggested only to maintain all parts

clean from sand, dust, chemical or organic pollutants check with care the cleanliness and
stiffness of the mechanical assembly (motor, screw and ferrite core) that ensures coil
tuning in the ATU unit.
4.10.2.2 Special care shall be exerted in cleaning the indoor and outdoor insulators.
Avoid abrasive material: use only a soft cloth drenched with alcohol.
NOTE: Switch both transmitters off before approaching the insulators.
4.10.2.3 Every year it is necessary to verify and clean the lighting protectors (air spark
gap). At every periodic control, check also:
i. Antenna lattice junctions.

ii. Cable connectors‘ insertion (inside and outside the equipment room).
iii. Terminal board screws of signal wires.
iv. Bolts and the grounding system.
4.10.2.4 Troubleshooting procedure requires a PC and includes the following steps:
i. Check LCSU or RCSI indicators. When a red or yellow LED is lit, a faulty or defective
condition is detected. A comparison between State Messages (on PC Monitor) and
Indications (on INC Front Panel).
158
ii. Use PC. When the operator is on Beacon site location, PC should be connected to
LCSU. If the operator is far from Beacon site, PC should be connected to RCSI; this
Unit should be connected to Beacon site with telephone line and modem. PC
indications shall be normally sufficient to attribute a failure to a single module.
iii. Check module LEDs. As a confirmation, or as an extra tool in case of doubt, check
also the LEDs located on the modules. LED locations are indicated on Layout Drawing
(Electric schematic Diagrams).
4.10.3 OTHER CHECKS
4.10.3.1 Using the PC, it is possible to recall ―routine Checks‖ made previously and
therefore determine possible trends of the parameters. The status indications are shown
in the table below under many beacon-operating conditions:
4.10.3.2 WARNING AND STATUS MESSAGES
Status indication on front

Status messages panel Notes
on PC Main Status Detailed
Status
ALARM NDB ALARM Both TRS and both
FAULTY MON in faulty condition.
Failure indication
appears also:
DETAILED STATUS
WARNING WARNING Equipment OFF or
equipment providing
correct service but in
presence of anomalies.
NORMAL-NDB OK NORMAL All parameters OK, all
parts operating
normally.
DATA COM FAULTY DATA COM No communication, on
the serial line, from
CSB module and one or
more MON – TRS –
ATU modules.
MAINTENANCE MON 1 & 2 Manual or Maintenance
BYPASSED condition
Beacon under user Equipment control
control taken by another
operator.
159
Beacon Off Beacon switched off
Beacon OK NORMAL Correct Beacon
condition
Beacon ON Beacon switched ON
Beacon status WARNING OTHER Beacon status
undefined WARNING undetermined
(information from
modules are missing or
incompatible)
NDB default WARNING OTHER Equipment switched
parameters loaded WARNING OFF – service data
missing or lost.
Undefined position of WARNING OTHER Incompatibility of
Antenna relay WARNING information on relay
antenna position
Battery Operation WARNING STATION Mains voltage low or
MAINS OFF missing
Restart procedure in ALARM
progress
Routine Check in
progress
Data com fty. (CSB- DATA COM OTHER Defective serial line
 ATU WARNING communication from
CSB to ATU
 MON 1/2 WARNING communication from
CSB to MON 1 or 2
 TX ½ WARNING communication from
CSB to TRS 1 or 2
Data com fty (CSB- DATA COM OTHER Defective serial line
 MON /TX/ATU WARNING communication from
CSB to ATU/MON/TRS
ATU under manual WARNING MON 1 & 2 ATU controller manual
control BYPASSED by operator
ATU OK Antenna tuner: OK
ATU fty. ALARM STATION ATU or antenna failure
ANT FTY. indication
ATU qual undef WARNING OTHER Monitor Qualifications of
WARNING ATU unit missing or
incompatible
TX 1 [TX 2] soft WARNING OTHER TRS1 [TRS2] soft alarm
alarm WARNING indication
TX1 [TX2] hard alarm WARNING TX1 [TX2] TRS1 [TRS2] soft alarm
Faulty indication
TX on Antenna Hard MON 1—2 Signal failure of the
160
alarm Alarm TRS in antenna
TX on DUMMY load MON 1-2 Signal failure of the
Hard alarm STBY TRS in dummy load
TX1 (TX2) warning WARNING TX1 [TX2] Signal failure of TRS1
WARNING [TRS2]
Control Engaged ENGAGE Control engaged by

another operator
Control Enabled ENABLED Current workplace
enabled to control the
equipment
One or more alarm(s) WARNING TX1&TX2 One or more TRS
active FAULTY parameters found out of
tolerance by monitors
Other Warning WARNING OTHER Warning not specified in
WARNING the detailed status area
(see next table)
NOTE:
BITE – (Built – In Test Equipment) provides a continuous monitoring of Beacon circuitry,

giving visual indication on INC front panel (LCSU module) and/or massages on PC monitor.
TX, Monitor and site parameters are controlled in real-time.
The indications are the result of the continuous parameter monitoring.
4.11 FLIGHT CALIBRATION OF NAVIGATIONAL AIDS

4.11.1 Actions to be initiated before flight calibration:
i. Grasses and bushes around the antenna must be cleared.
ii. Check operational parameters of the equipment and ensure conformity with the last
flight calibration readings.
iii. Perform a ground check and plot it, analyzed the result and take corrective actions as
necessary.
161
4.11.2 VOR Parameters to check:
i. Sensing and Rotation check

ii. Identification Coding Check
iii. Modulation Level Check
iv. Orbit Check
v. Radial Check
vi. Polarization Check
vii. Coverage Check
viii. Monitor Alarm Check
4.11.3 Before the flight check, ground check should be conducted and the desired results
should be:
1. 30 Hz AM % mod depth : 30 % ±2 %
2. 9960 Hz % mod depth : 30 % ±2 %
3. FM Index : 15—17
4. Azimuth Alignment : ±2.0 deg.
5. Signal strength 90 µV/m.
6. Bends ±3.5 deg.
4.12 CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE

4.12.1 The need for corrective maintenance arises as a result of the following:
a) Equipment performance out of tolerance as noted during preventive maintenance.

b) Fault conditions noted on the Display.
c) Fault conditions indicated by indicator lamps or meters or equipment control panel.
d) Fault finding following equipment failures.
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4.13 FAULT LOCATION AND TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURES
4.13.1 Fault location in the THALES system (VOR, LOC, GS) can be executed with the PC
and ADRACS, or with the aid of fault location support procedure contained in the
Technical Manual of the equipment. Any fault is stored in the system memory, which
occurs in the installation and is acknowledged by the internal BIT and which leads to a
WARNING or ALARM indication.
4.13.2 If a module fails, the ILS/DME‘s built-in diagnostics and comprehensive fault finding
software routines shall assure that locating the faulty module is fast and easy. Failures
within the ILS/DME shall automatically be detected and identified down to board level,
using online diagnostic software. Malfunctions shall be indicated visually at the control
and monitoring system.
4.13.3 Tools for Troubleshooting
(i) Digital multimeter

(ii) Thruline wattmeter, with various elements, adaptors and cables
(iii) Laptop loaded with ADRACS and WinSv
(iv) Dummy loads, attenuators, etc.
(v) VOR/ILS signals analyzer
(vi) Protective devices (fuses) of various sizes
(vii) Screw drivers, trimmers, hex spanners, etc.
(viii) Oscilloscope
(ix) Spare modules
(x) Equipment Technical manuals, and any other tool that may be useful
.
163
4.13.4 Some of the troubleshooting approaches to follow are listed below:
4.13.4.1 Check Protective Devices
4.13.4.1.1 If there is complete sign of no life from the whole equipment rack check the
mains input to the equipment and measure the voltages. Check the mains breakers on the
electrical panel and if found tripped try to find out a possible cause before switching the
breaker back. If that was not the case check fuses on the equipment rack front (PMM) for
blown fuse or check the fuses in the modules.
4.13.4.2 Controls and Indications
1. Check Indications on the LCSU to view the status of the monitors, transmitters, etc.
2. Check LEDs indication on modules which can show status of these modules.
3. Reset buttons are provided on some modules such that when pressed will reset the
module and is expected that a temporal standstill or fault could be cleared. If the push
button does not work replace the module.
4.13.4.3 Test Points
4.13.4.3.1 Use test points provided on the front part of some modules to locate faults,
either oscilloscopes or multimeters are used to measure voltage levels or waveforms
which must corresponds with the expected values as listed in the technical manual
documentation.
4.13.4.4 Using Computer or Diagnostic Function
1. Login to the equipment using the maintenance laptop and carry out diagnostic checks.
Faulty modules or sections are reported by this BITE measurement. Replace the faulty
modules accordingly. Other BITE results can be further analyzed using the fault
location charts provided in the equipment technical manuals.
2. The connected computer can also be used to open and display the monitor‘s
measurement windows to read the actual levels of parameters from which it is possible
to identify faulty modules.
164
4.13.4.5 The Use of Thruline Wattmeter
4.13.4.5.1 Thruline wattmeter can be connected to the transmitter outputs at the top of the
equipment rack to check the actual power going out of the equipment. The procedure is
as stated below:
1. Switch off transmitters completely.

2. Disconnect the RF cable from the CBS OUT on the transmitter rack.
3. Connect thruline wattmeter to CSB OUT and connect direct to the antenna or dummy
load.
4. Insert measuring element of suitable value and frequency, set it for forward power
measurement.
5. Switch on transmitter and check the output power: Localizer CSB Power = 25 watts;
Glide slope CSB Power = 10 watts; and VOR CSB Power = 50 watts (or as required).
If power measured is different from above readings correct it according to the technical
manual. If on the other hand there was no power measured then the corresponding
modulator should be replaced.
6. Switch off the transmitter and disconnect and remove the thruline wattmeter
7. Connect the cables normally back as before.
8. Switch on the transmitter and continue the troubleshooting.
NOTE: Do the same for SBO powers (Localizer SBO Powers = 1 watts; Glide slope SBO
Power = 1 watts; VOR sideband Power = 1 watts). These values are usually different for
different transmitters and usually less than 1 watt. Main purpose of measuring here is to see
if there was power presence at all. Connect thruline wattmeter to CSB OUT of the transmitter
rack direct to antenna or dummy load.
NOTE: The Use of Fault Location Tables
Fault locating tables have been developed by the equipment manufacturer to help in locating
faulty modules. Use it to locate faulty parts or modules and replace accordingly.
165
CHAPTER 5
SOP-ATSE-SURV-04 – SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS
5.1 INTRODUCTION
of air navigation and air traffic surveillance-related services under the Surveillance
Systems Department of the Directorate of Safety Electronics and Engineering Services
(DSEES) of NAMA at the station or operational unit levels.
5.1.2 The Document seeks to provide Surveillance Systems personnel at the station levels

5.2.1 The air traffic surveillance facilities or equipment under the Surveillance Systems
Department comprise of the following elements and applications that are deployed for
ensuring the safety and efficiency of air navigation services:
i. Primary Surveillance Radar (PSR).

ii. Mono-pulse Secondary Surveillance Radar (MSSR).
iii. TOPSKY Processing System (EUROCAT-C).
iv. Voice Recording System (VRS).
v. Voice Communication System (VCS).
vi. VSAT systems for the interconnection of Radar stations.
vii. ATC Radar Simulator.
viii. Other ancillary equipment.
166
5.3 AIR TRAFFIC SURVEILLANCE SERVICES
5.3.1 ICAO Annex 10 Volume III Part I, which is concerned with digital data communication
systems including the data functions of mode –S, addresses standard and recommended
practices for Aeronautical telecommunications. The Surveillance Systems Department of
the Directorate of Safety Electronics and Engineering Services (DSEES) is responsible for
the provision and maintenance of air traffic surveillance systems, surveillance sub-
systems and other ancillary facilities.
1. Provision of primary and secondary surveillance radar services.

2. Correlation of flight plans to targets by use of data processing (DP) System.
5.4 AIR TRAFFIC SURVEILLANCE EQUIPMENT/FACILITIES
5.4.3 The available air traffic surveillance equipment/facilities in the various operational units
are as tabulated hereunder:
EQUIPMENT CONFIGURATION MAKE FREQUENCY CHANNEL LOCATION DATE OF

(MHz) COMMISION
PSR STAR 2000 F1-2750 CH:A&B
THALES
& F2-2850 LAGOS 2009
MSSR RSM 970 TX;1030 CH:1&2
RX:109O
THALES
& F2-2850 ABUJA 2009
CH:1&2
SSR RSM 970 TX-1030
RE-1090
THALES
& F2-2850 PORT/H 2009
CH:1&2
MSSR RSM 970 TX-1030
RX-1090
THALES
& F2-2850 KANO 2009
MSSR RSM 970 TX-1030 CH:1&2
RX-1090
MSSR RSM 970 THALES TX-1030 CH:1&2
RX-1090 ILORIN 2009
MSSR RSM 970 THALES TX-1030 CH:1&2 OBUBRA 2009
RX-1090
167
MSSR RSM 970 THALES TX-1030 CH:1&2 NUMAN 2009
RX-1090
MSSR RSM 970 THALES TX-1030 CH:1&2 MAID/G 2009
RX-1090
MSSR RSM 970 THALES TX-1030 CH:1&2 TALATA/M 2009
RX-1090
5.5.1.1 Air Traffic Safety Engineering personnel on shift duties in the Surveillance
Systems Department at the station levels shall adhere strictly to the instructions contained
in Section 3.6 of Part 1 of this Manual depending on the category applicable in
accordance with the operational unit categorization enumerated in sub-section 4.2.1 of the
first Part of this Manual. In addition, personnel on shift duties shall:
i. Not leave their duty posts until their reliefs have resumed duties.
ii. Resume at their duty posts not later than 15 minutes before the actual time of
the commencement of watch.
iii. Ensure that the time of taking over is entered, including the confirmation of
v. Carefully study fault symptoms using functional circuit diagrams.
vi. Ensure that faults are identified down to replacement part level and conduct
appropriate checks and adjustments to determine that fault(s) no longer exist
(s).
1. The sites (Radar head and TOPSKY equipment Room) should be routinely visited for
equipment checks.
2. Equipment surroundings must be kept clean and conducive to the equipment.
3. Check that the cooling systems are efficient and effective. Ensure that the operating
room temperature is between -22˚C to 20˚C.
4. There should be no delay in visiting the sites when such a need arises.
168
5. Go through the Log Books for the maintenance history of the equipment.
6. Ensure that power to the equipment is adequate for all phases.
7. Check the status of the modules on the RCMS using the RCMS Colour Interpretation
Guide provided in sub-section 5.10.1 of Part 1 of this Manual in accordance with the
procedures specified in sub-section 5.6.1.3.3 of this Part of the Manual.
8. Carry out visual inspection of the systems for any observable faults or alarm
indications.
9. Ensure that all information or alarms from the RCMS are properly analysed using the
Technical Manuals before undertaking any maintenance job.
10. Record clearly all actions taken in the Log Book in line with the logging format.
NOTE: The minimum acceptable condition for radar operation is that the screen should have
plots, tracks and targets, labels, weather, and map.
5.6 SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES
5.6.1 PROGRAMME FOR PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
5.6.1.1 Servicing and routine maintenance activities are performed as part of the
Preventive Maintenance Schedule in accordance with relevant equipment maintenance
checklists. In general these activities will consist of:
1. Electrical and Mechanical checks.

2. Visual Inspection.
3. Cleaning, Tightening, Adjustment and Lubrication.
4. Replacement of fuses and indicator lamps.
5. Recording of observed Equipment or System faults.
6. Inspection of cable ducts and connecting cables
7. Inspection of anti-collision/obstruction lamps.
8. Equipment performance testing including maintenance checks, test and adjustment.
9. Trouble-shooting of the equipment.
10. Replacement of plug-in items and replacement of parts involving partial disassembly
and adjustments as recommended in the Technical Manuals.
169
5.6.1.2 The checks itemized in sub-section 5.6.1.1 should be done Weekly, Monthly,
Quarterly, Half-yearly and Yearly as specified in the manufacturer‘s guidelines. Such
periodic checks are summarized in the tables below:
5.6.1.2.1 MWA 2000S: PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
DESCRIPTION PERIODICITY DURATION PERSONNEL REFERENCE

VISUAL CHECK AND CLEANING 1 YEAR 15 1 SYSTEM G1
MINUTES ENGINEER
CALLIBRATION OF TEST ECHOES 1 YEAR 15 1 SYSTEM G2
INJECTION MINUTES ENGINEER
CALIBRATION OF TRANSMISSION ― ― ― ― ― G3
LOOP BACK TO RECEPTION
CHANNELS
CALIBRATION OF THE TX OUTPUT ― ― ― ― ― G4
POWER ALARM THRESHOLD
CHECKING OF RECEPTION 6 MONTHS ― ― ― G5
CHANNEL GAINS
5.6.1.2.2 TMR: PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

VISUAL CHECK 1 YEAR 10 1 SYSTEM G1
AND CLEANING MINUTES ENGINEER
REPLACEMENT OF 1 YEAR 5 MINUTES 1 SYSTEM G2
DUST FLITER ENGINEER
5.6.1.2.3 TRACKING OUTPUT AND MISCELLANEOUS CABINET PREVENTIVE

MAINTENANCE
DESCRIPTION PERIODICITY DURATION PERSONNEL

VISUAL INSPECTION 1 YEAR 10 1 SYSTEM ENGINEER
AND CLEANING MINUTES
5.6.1.2.4 MMXC – DPC PC LINK PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
DESCRIPTION PERIODICITY DURATION PERSONNEL

VISUAL INSPECTION 1 YEAR 5 MINUTES 1 SYSTEM ENGINEER
AND CLEANING
AIR FILTER CLEANING 1 YEAR ― ― ―
REMOVAL AND 5 YEAR 10 ―
REPLACEMENT OF MINUTES
BATTERY
170
5.6.1.2.5 SMS A1: PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

VISUAL 1 YEAR 10 MINUTES 1 SYSTEM G1
INSPECTION AND ENGINEER
CLEANING
5.6.1.2.6 SMS A2: PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
DESCRIPTION DURATION PERSONNEL REFERENCE

SMSA REMOVAL AND 10 MINUTES 1 SYSTEM R1
REPLACEMENT ENGINEER
5.6.1.2.7 EA 2000: PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
DESCRIPTION PERIODICITY DURATION PERSONNEL R

VISUAL INSPECTION AND 1 YEARS 30 MINS 1 MECHANIC G
MECHANICAL CHECK
PARTIAL PAINT TOUCH-UP 2 YEARS 4 MINS 1 PAINTER G
OIL DRAINING AND FILLING 1 ― 15 MINS 1 MECHANIC G
OF THE ANTENNA SUPPORT
BAFFLE
OF THE PEDESTRAL
HOUSING
OF THE MOTORIZATION
DRIVE MECHANISM 10 MINS 2 MECHANIC G
IMMOBILIZATION
MOTORIZATION HANDWEEL 10 MINS 1 MECHANIC G
LOCKING
5.6.1.2.8 AS 909: PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

MECHANICAL CHECK
PARTIAL PAINT TOUCH-UP 2 YEARS 4 HOURS 1 PAINTER G
5.6.1.2.9 EA 2000: PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

REMOVAL /REPLACEMENT 1 HOUR 2 MECHANIC R1
OF A MOTOR POLFIRIZER
REMOVAL/ REPLACEMENT VARIABLE 5 R2
OF PRIMARY ANTENNA AN TECHNICIANS
171
2000S
ANTENNA TILT ANGLE 1 ― 1 MECHANIC A1
ADJUSTMENT
GRADUATED SECTOR 1 ― 1 MECHANIC A2
ADJUSTMENT
5.6.1.2.10 AN 2000S: PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

MECHANICAL CHECK
PARTIAL PAINT TOUCH-UP 1 YEARS 4 HOURS 1 PAINTER G
5.6.1.2.11 AE 2000: PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

INSPECTION AND 1 YEAR 1 SYSTEM G1
CLEANING ENGINEER
5.6.1.2.12 AA 2000: PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

INSPECTION AND 1 YEAR 30 MINS 1 SYSTEM ENGINEER G
CLEANING
CHECK OF 24V AND 48V 1 YEAR 10MINS G
OUTPUT VOLTAGES
CHECK OF SAFETIES 1 YEAR 60MINS G
5.6.1.2.13 JTS: PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

VISUAL INSPECTION AND 30MINS 1 SYSTEM G1
MECHANICAL CHECK ENGINEER
PARTIAL PAINT TOUCH-UP 4HRS 1 ― G2
―
GREASING OF THE ROTARY 15MINS 1 ― G4
JOINT ―
NOTE: In addition to the procedures, which are stated above there are inspection and
cleaning activities, whose nature and periodicities depend on the local conditions (the
environment of the equipment and operational usage). If the environment is dusty then the
cleaning will be required more often; if the equipment is sparingly used then less inspection is
required. The tools and Test Gears for preventive maintenance vary from equipment to
equipment.
172
5.6.1.3 EUROCAT PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
5.6.1.3.1. The routine and preventive maintenance procedure in sub-section 5.6.1.3.2 is

applicable to a typical TOPSKY/ EUROCAT-C System. Line Replaceable Units that are
subject to preventive and routine maintenance are listed in the table. The table also states
where the preventive and routine maintenance procedure is described.
5.6.1.3.2 Table for EUROCAT Routine and Preventive Maintenance Procedure
LRU LRU Procedure Periodicity Where Described

PC Cleaning the PC Monthly Refer to ‗Routine and
mother board and Preventive Procedures‘ in
the keyboard SMM
Display Cleaning the As required Refer to OEM
Monitors Screen, and the Documentation
cabinet
Flight Strip Dust Removal 2-weekly or Refer to OEM

Printer Monthly Documentation
Cleaning the
Printing
Module
Final Check
KVM Switch Resetting the KVM As required Refer to OEM
Documentation
Cleaning the Switch As required Refer to ‗Routine and

Preventive Procedures‘
P-lines E Check LED Status Weekly Refer to OEM
Documentation
Check LEDs are Lit Weekly
on Active
LAN Switch Check LED Status As required Refer to OEM
Documentation
GPS Clock Check Indicator As Refer to OEM
System lights appropriate Documentation
173
5.6.1.3.3 RCMS Operating Procedure
5.6.1.3.3.1 How to Request a Control from STM
1. Double click connection synoptic

2. Right click radar station
3. Click Request control
4. Control transfer duration window appears
NOTE: Specify for how long you need to be in control and wait for control.
5.6.1.3.3.2 How to release control
1. (On the screen) - Control has been granted. Click OK

2. Double click connection synoptic
3. Right click Radar station icon on the screen
4. Click release control.
5.6.1.3.3.3 How to LOGON to different channels on CBP
1. Main menu: click command

2. Click either channel 1 or 2
3. Do not click cancel button, it will disappear on its own.
5.6.1.3.3.4 How to make Radar parameters backup

1.
2. Main menu click command
3. Click Transfer FROM Radar
4. Click current parameters and all parameters
5. Destination Directory: choose a path where you want to store parameters.
6. Click OK. Transfer report should appear; Click OK.
5.6.1.3.3.5 How to put a channel into maintenance (With CBP)
1. Main menu: click command

2. Click command to Radar
3. Click Maintenance operating state
4. Click send
5. Click Yes.
174
NOTE: If one module is removed or disconnected, it disappears from the display control:
Transmission ON/OFF, reset failure.
5.6.2 PROGRAMME FOR CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
5.6.2.1 The need for corrective maintenance arises from the following:
1. Equipment performance out of tolerance as noted during preventive maintenance.

2. Fault conditions noted on the Display.
3. Fault conditions indicated by LEDs or RCMS Indicator.
4. Fault finding following equipment failures.
5.6.2.2 Approach to Fault
5.6.2.2.1 In addition to the basic knowledge of electronics and allied circuits, the
approach to corrective maintenance and fault-findings often follows religiously the
information contained in the various equipment Technical Manuals. This includes
guidelines to enable the maintenance personnel localize/locate faults, make the
necessary repair and adjustment and re-align the Radar to obtain optimal performance.
5.6.2.2.2 The following information could be of help though not in any way exhaustive:
1. Careful study of fault symptoms. These should be related to the functional

systems of the Radar set-up. Use of related functional circuit diagrams is of
paramount importance since ‗Blind maintenance‘ in the absence of circuit diagram
is never acceptable regardless of the level of experience on the job.
2. Fault should be identified down to replacement part level. Following the
replacement of the faulty item, the appropriate checks and adjustment should be
carried out to determine that the fault(s) no longer exist(s).
3. Furthermore, each PSR subsystem is connected to the RCSM, which allows
maintenance personnel to localize indicated fault condition.
4. LEDs light if fault is of a transient nature and can be cleared by pressing relevant
Re-set push button on the appropriate control panels. However, LEDs equally light
when fault is not transient and the fault condition cannot be removed by pressing
any of the Re-set buttons hence the need for Corrective Maintenance.
5.6.2.2.3 The PSR/MSSR Maintenance Check procedure is designed in such a way that
it can be operated either locally at the Equipment site or remotely at the Operation site.
175
This is made possible by using the Remote Control and Monitoring System (RCMS). Note
that all the functional units of both PSR and MSSR are represented in RCMS and as a
result any faulty or malfunctioning unit can easily be localized by change of color from
green to red in severe but urgent cases or the unit will be represented in a degraded
mode if the faulty condition does not need urgent attention.
5.6.2.2.4 The corrective maintenance of the PSR/MSSR items of equipment is based on

the following repair policy: once failed the equipment is restored to normal operating
condition by locating and replacing the defective functional unit(s). In order to reach this
goal, several trouble-shooting flow charts which, starting generally from a symptom of
failure, guide the maintenance officer specifying the maintenance procedures to be
performed in a logical sequence so as to locate the defective module and therefore return
the equipment to normal operating conditions. These trouble-shooting flow charts are
found in the appropriate equipment manual provided by the equipment manufacturer.
5.6.2.3 Corrective Maintenance Procedures
5.6.2.3.1 The following Tables present procedures for the maintenance of different
air traffic surveillance system units:
5.6.2.3.1.1 MWA 2000S: CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE

ADJUSTMENT OF A 15 MINUTES 1 SYSTEM A1
RECEPTION CHANNEL ENGINEER
GAIN
WAVE GUIDE LIMITER 30 MINUTES 1 SYSTEM R1
REMOVAL AND ENGINEER
REPLACEMENT
COAXIAL LIMITER 10 MINUTES ― R2
REMOVAL AND
REPLACEMENT
LOW-NOISE AMPLIFIER 15 MINUTES ― R3
REMOVAL AND
REPLACEMENT
RF SWITCH REMOVAL 10 MINUTES ― R4
AND REPLACEMENT
5.6.2.3.1.2 TMR: CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE

FAULT FINDING FLOW VARIABLE 1 SYSTEM F1
CHART ENGINEER
REMOVAL AND 7 MINUTES 1 SYSTEM R1
176
REPLACEMENT OF CARD ENGINEER
CAN
REMOVAL AND 6 MINUTES ― R2
REPLACEMENT OF CARD
RIO
REMOVAL AND 10 MINUTES ― R3
REPLACEMENT OF CARD
PUMA
5.6.2.3.1.3 STX 2000: CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE

REMOVAL / 8 MINUTES 1 SYSTEM R1
REPLACEMENT OF THE ENGINEER
SUM HPA MODULE
REMOVAL / 8 MINUTES 1 SYSTEM R2
REPLACEMENT OF ENGINEER
CONTROL HPA MODULE
REMOVAL / 12 MINUTES ― R3
REPLACEMENT OF THE
INTER-FACE DRIVER
MODULE
5.6.2.3.1.4 MMXC/MODE ‗S‘ REPLY PROCESSING CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
DESCRIPTION DURATION OPERATOR

ON RCMS MIMIC DIAGRAM: MDR VARIABLE 1 SYSTEM ENGINEER
RED
REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT OF 25 MINUTES ―
THE MDRP
5.6.2.3.1.5 TOM: CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
DESCRIPTION DURATION PERSONNEL

REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT OF ENCODER DC 5 MINUTES 1 SYSTEM ENGINEER
SUPPLY UNITS
ADJUSTMENT OF ENCODER VOLTAGES (+5V AND 10 MINUTES ―
+15V)
5.6.2.3.1.6 MMXC-DPC PC LINK: CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
DESCRIPTION DURATION OPERATOR

ISOLATION TASK OF PLINES VARIABLE 1 SYSTEM ENGINEER
WITH BUILT-IN TESTS
REMOVAL AND 5 MINUTES ―
177
REPLACEMENT OF THE
MDRP
RCMs MESSAGES 12 ― ―
SAVING AND RESTORING OF VARIABLE ―
PARAMETERS OF DPC-PC
REMOVAL AND 10 MINUTES ―
REPLACEMENT OF A
PROCESSING PC
INSTALLATION OF 10 ― ―
OPERATING SYSTEM (OS)
INSTALLATION OF DPC –PC 30 ― ―
SOFTWARE FROM THE DPC-
PC
INSTALLATION OF OPC-PC 15MINUTES ―
SOFTWARE FROM THE LTM
(RCMS)
SWITCHING BETWEEN TWO 15 ― ―
DPC-PC SOFTWARE
VERSIONS
UPDATE OF DPC P LINES 15 ― ―
5.6.2.3.1.7 SMS: CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE

FAULT LOCATION ON THE SMS 10 MINUTES 1 SYSTEM F1
ENGINEER
REMOVAL/REPLACEMENT OF 16 MINUTES 1 SYSTEM R1
THE FAN ENGINEER
REMOVAL/REPLACEMENT OF 3 MINUTES ― R2
THE DELAY BOARD
THE IBC BOARD
THE TRANSPONDER
REMOVAL/REPLACEMENT OF 5 ― ― R5
THE 5V POWER SUPPLY
THE 24V POWER SUPPLY
THE ATTENUATOR
THE FUSE
THE TERMINAL SWITCH
THE POWER LINE FILTER
THE MAINS POWER SWITCH
THE 5V POWER SUPPLY FUSE
THE 24V POWER SUPPLY
FUSE
178
THE INTER CHANNEL CABLE
CHANNEL PARAMETERS 5 ― ― A1
ADJUSTMENT
5.6.2.3.1.8 EA 2000: CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE

REMOVAL – REPLACEMENT OF 30 MINUTES 1 MECHANIC R1
THE SAFETY SWICTCH
THE BEARING RING GEAR
REMOVAL – REPLACEMENT OF A 2 MINUTES 2 MECHANIC R3
MOTORIZATION
REMOVAL – REPLACEMENT OF A 30 MINUTES 1 MECHANIC R4
MOTOR
REMOVAL – REPLACEMENT OF AN 15 MINUTES 1 MECHANIC R5
OIL LEVEL DETECTOR
REDUCTION GEAR BOX
5.6.2.3.1.9 AS 909: CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE

REMOVAL /REPLACEMENT OF A 15 MINUTES 1 MECHANIC R1
FRONT RADIATING
REMOVAL/ REPLACEMENT OF THE 20 MINUTES 1 MECHANIC R2
REARING RADIATING COLUMN
REMOVAL/ REPLACEMENT OF 1 HOUR 4 MECHANIC R3
SECONDARY ANTENNA AS 909
ANTENNA INCLINATION (TILT) 30 MINUTES 1 MECHANIC A1
ADJUSTMENT
5.6.2.3.1.10 IRIS: CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE

GENERAL TROUBLESHOOTING VARIABLE 1 SYSTEM F1
ENGINEER
REMOVAL/ REPLACEMENT OF 30MINS ― R1
CONFIGURED COMPUTER
REMOVAL/ REPLACEMENT OF 1O MINS ― R2
MONITOR
REMOVAL/ REPLACEMENT OF 5 MINS ― R3
KEYBOARD
MOUSE
VIDEO SWITCHING
REINSTALLATION OF IRIS 30 MINS ― R6
SOFTWARE
CONFIGURATION OF 5 MINS ― R7
PARAMETERS (ASTERIX
CATEGORY 34, RADAR
ROTATION SPEED)
179
5.6.2.3.1.11 AE 2000: CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE

REPLACEMENT OF A CIRCUIT 15 MINS 1 SYSTEM R1
BREAKER ENGINEER
REPLACEMENT OF 15 MINS ― ― R2
TRANSFORMER T1
5.6.2.3.1.12 JTS: CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE

REMOVAL/REPLACEMENT OF 1HR 30MINS 1 SYSTEM R1
ENCODER 1 ENGINEER
REMOVAL/REPLACEMENT OF 2HRS 1 ― ― R1
ENCODER 2 30MINS
THE ROTARY JOINT
THE DRIVE MECHANISM
ADAPTER
5.6.2.3.1.13 AA 2000: CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
DESCRIPTION DURATION PERSONNEL RE

OPERATOR SYMPTOM VARIABLE 1 SYSTEM ENGINEER F1
ON RCMS MIMIC DIAGRAM: AA ― 1 ― ― F2
2000 AND ADU 2000 ―RED‖
ON RCMS MIMIC DIAGRAM: AA ― 1 ― ― F3
2000 ―RED‖
REMOVAL/ REPLACEMENT OF 20MINS 1 ― ― R1
CIRCUIT BREAKER & AUXILIARY
CONTACTS
RHN 412 RELAY
SM RELAY
TRANSFORMER T1
POWER SUPPLY UNIT
SWITCH OF CR3 F0 CR12
D1ODES
CRI, CR2 DIODE
LAMP
RELAY
REMOTE/LOCAL ROTARY
SWITCH
VARATION
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5.7 TOPSKY CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES
5.7.1 The purpose of the corrective maintenance is to localize a faulty Line Replaceable Unit
(LRU) and to replace it, and reconfigure it if necessary. The principle (once the fault has
been detected) is to start at the system level and work down through the node level to the
LRU level. When the faulty LRU has been detected, the procedure is as follows:
1. Isolate the node (i.e. stop it from the Technical Supervision function (TSP) and
disconnect it from the operational system).
2. Remove the defective LRU.
3. Reconfigure the spare LRU (as necessary).
4. Replace/restore and check.
5. Reconfigure the node.
6. Carry out troubleshooting of all positions using Linux in accordance with the procedure
and specifications contained in the Checklist in Appendix E to this Manual.
5.7.2 TOPSKY Corrective Maintenance Procedures List
5.7.2.1 The LRUs that are subject to corrective maintenance are listed in the following
table. The table also states where the corrective maintenance procedure is described:
LRU PROCEDURE WHERE DESCRIBED
PC Removal/Replacement Refer to procedure ‗How to

Change a Computer‘ in
SMM (Appendix F)
Refer to the Hardware

Installation File for
Resetting the Power Configuration details
Supply
Refer to ‗Corrective
Maintenance
Replacing the Lithium Procedures‘(Section 5.7.1)
Battery
Maintenance
Maximizing Airflow Procedures‘(Section 5.7.1)
Maintenance Procedures‘
181
Display Monitor(s) Installation Procedure Refer to OEM documentation
Troubleshooting
Flight Strip Printer Installation Procedure Refer to OEM documentation

Configuration details
KVM Switch Installation Procedure Refer to OEM documentation

Troubleshooting
Refer to OEM documentation
Intercept Concept p-Lines Removal/Replacement Refer to ‗Corrective
E Maintenance Procedures‘

LAN Switch Installation Procedure Refer to OEM documentation

Troubleshooting
Refer to OEM documentation
GPS Clock System Removal/Replacement Refer to OEM document
5.8 PROCEDURES FOR TOPSKY/ EUROCAT-C SYSTEM

ADMINISTRATION
5.8.1 System administration covers actions related to the operational management of the
TOPSKY/ EUROCAT-C System, such as:
1. System supervision (including management of degraded operating modes).

2. Workstation switching and Line switching.
3. Configuration management (backup and restore).
182
5.8.2 System Components
5.8.2.1 The TOPSKY/ EUROCAT- C ATC System contains the following components:
a) Controller positions: CP (ACC1,APP,BAK,ACC2,SUP,TSP,TWR,SIM)

b) Data Processing computer(s) DP (RDP and FDP)
c) Radar front processing RFP
d) Recording computer(s) REC
e) Local Area Network LAN
f) AFTN line AFTN
g) OLDI line OLDI
h) ADS-B computers AGDP
i) Simulator computer SIMU
j) CLOCK line CLOCK
k) Voice recorder system VRS
l) RADAR monitoring area T-sup screen
m) STRIP PRINTER(s) STP
5.8.2.2 The system is also composed of three software layers:
a) The Linus operating system that directly controls the hardware.

b) The UBSS layer that provides basic services and interfaces to the upper layer
provided by Thales ATM
c) The application layer that is the operational software and human-machine interface
provided by Thales ATM (Thales operating system).
5.8.3 Technical Supervision Position
5.8.3.1 The supervision position is based on the two upper layers and provides
monitoring for all the operational system components in accordance with the information
in the following Tables:
183
COMPONENT NAME STATE NAME MEANING
CP ‗OFF‘ OFFLINE
The Linus operating system is
properly running and the station
is accessible through the
operational network the Thales
application can be started
‗FAILED‘ FAILED
The controller position is not
operative
- the power is off
- - the operating system is
not properly running
- -the station is not see in
the network through the
system HUB
‗STARTING‘ STARTING
The application is started and
performs its initialization phase
‗RUNNING‘ RUNNING OPERATIONAL
The initialization phase 0f the
application is achieved
The CP is in operational mode
‗MAPGEN‘ OFF-LINE TOOL RUNNING
DATAGEN‘ The position has been selected
‗‘MOSIAC‘ for off-line tool generation
‗STRIPGEN‘
REPLAY 1 REPLAY MODE
SIM1,SIM2,SIM3, REPLAY 2 The position has been selected
SIM4 only for replay. It is running with
recorded data.
SIMU_ON SIMU
SIMU_OFF The position has been selected
for simulation.

COMPUTERS
DP UNKNOWN UNKNOWN
The computer is not defined
as UBSS
REC ON OFF-LINE
The operating system is
RFP properly running and the
184
computer is accessible
through the operational
network The application can
be started.
AGDP FAILED FAILED
The computer is not operative:
SIMU - power is off
- the operating system is
SIMREC not properly running
- the station is not
accessible through the
operational network.
READY READY
The operational system and
basic system software are
properly running and the
computer is accessible
through the operational
network. This is transition
state.
STARTING STARTING
The application is started and
performs its initialization phase
OPER OPERATIONAL
The application is running in
operational mode.
SBY STANDBY
SIMU The computer belongs to a
SIMREC duplicated computer couple.
The application is running in
standby mode.
RUN_SIMU SIMULATOR RUNNING
The simulator is running.

COMMUNICATION
LAN UNK UNKNOWN
Temporarily unknown status of
the operational LAN
OK OK
185
The technical supervision
position receives data on LAN
or at least one station answers
to polling message sends by
the technical supervision
position.
All position or computer
answer to polling message
sends by the technical
supervision position on the
specified LAN.
DEG DEGRADED
At least one position or
computer does not answer to
the polling on the specified
operational LAN
FLD FAILED
The technical supervision
receives something on the
LAN and no station answers
on the polling.
AFTN UNK UNKNOWN
OLDI Default and temporary status
of the line.
OFF OFF
The line is detached from the
system. The line is closed.
OK OK
The line is working properly.
START STARTING
The line connection is waiting
for data.
FLD FAILED
The remote link center has not
transmitted any data for more
than the length time of as
configured for the system.

CLOCK ‗UNK UNKNOWN
Default and temporary
status of the line
‗STARTING‘ STARTING
External clock available
but all nodes are not
synchronized
186
‗DETACHED‘ DETACHED
External clock not
available, all node
synchronized
‗OK‘ OK
External clock available
and all local nodes
synchronized
‗FAILED‘ FAILED
External clock not
available, nodes not
synchronized
COMPONENT NAME STATE MEANING

State name
RADARS
RADARS ‗UNK‘ UNKNOWN
the radar device is not
defined in UBSS or state
cannot be known
‗ON‘ ON
The radar is selected for
processing by the system
‗FLD‘ FAILED
The radar is failed
‗OFF‘ OFF
the radar is not being
processed within the
system
Biases computation mode ‗A‘ AUTOMATIC
The radar biases are
manually set by the
technical supervisor
‗M‘ MANUAL
The radar biases are
manually set by the
technical supervisor
Radar lines ‗UNK‘ UNKNOWN
Line 1 default and temporary
Line 2 status of a line
‗OFF‘ OFF
The line has been
successfully detached
from the system. The line
is closed-
187
‗START‘ STARTING
The line is open but no data
has been yet received.
‗OK‘ OK
The line is open and working
properly(reception of correct
data)
‗SBY‘ STANDBY
The line is standby
(reception of correct data but
no emission to DP)
‗FLD‘ FAILED
The line has failed
COMPONENT NAME STATE MEANING

State name
STRIP PRINTERS
STP ‗UNK‘ UNKNOWN
The strip printers have no Default and temporary
name, they directly take status of the strip printer.
the name of the controller Also, when the position
position on which they the printer is associated
are connected with is off.
‗OFF‘ OFF
The strip printer is off or
the corresponding
position is not equipped
with an IER.
‗OK‘ OK
The strip printer is
running properly.
‗DEG‘ DEGRADED
The strip printer sent a
warning message
‗FLD‘ FAILED
Errors on the strip printer.
It does not answer to
polling message or
indicate an hardware
problem or has no more
paper.
‗DET‘ DETACHED
The strip printer has been
logically detached
‗LOC‘ LOCAL
The strip printer is in local
mode.
188
5.8.4 Action on the System Components
5.8.4.1 The following Tables describe the permitted actions on each component. All the
actions described can be manually performed by the technical supervisor, while some of
them can be automatically performed by the system:
COMPONENT ACTION MEANING AUTOMATIC

CP START_CP Start the NO
application
REPLAY 1 Start the NO
REPLAY 2 application in
replay mode
DOWN_CP Stop the YES
application Upon detection of
problems
UPDATE Update the NO
SIM 1,SIM2 SIM3, controller working
SIN4 position with offline
data
RUN_DATAGEN Start the specified NO
RUN_MAPGEN offline tool.
RUN_MOSAIC
RUN_STRIP
SIMU Start the position to NO
run the simulation
mode

DP COLD_START Start the NO
application in cold
start mode
HOT_START Start the NO
application in hot
start mode
START_SBY Start the NO
application in the
case the dual
computer is
already started.
SWITCH Switch the standby YES
computer in When operational
operational mode computer is not
seen available by
the standby
189
computer or when
the quality level of
the standby
computer is better
than the quality of
the operational
computer
REC START Start the NO
application in the
case no hot/cold
starting is required
DP DOWN_CMP Stop the YES
REC application Upon detection of
AGDP problems
RFP UPDATE Update the NO
AGDP processor with
offline data
START Start the NO
application
STOP Stop the NO
application
RADARS BIASES Switch the radar NO
COMPUTATION bias computation
mode from
MANUAL to
AUTOMATIC or
conversely
RADAR LINES ATTACH Attach the radar NO
line to the system
DETACH Detach the radar YES
line from the When the
system oscillation
between the state
OK and FAILED is
up to threshold
AFTN ATTACH Attach the line to YES
the system. The At the starting of
line will be opened the DP computer,
the AFTN line is
automatically
opened.
DETACH Detach the line YES
from the system. When the number
The line will be of oscillations
190
close. between the state
OK and FAILED is
greater than a
threshold
STP ATTACH Attach the strip YES
printer to the The strip printer is
system automatically
opened during the
starting phase of
the controller
working position
DETACH Detach the strip YES
printer from the When the number
system of oscillations
between the state
OK and FAILED is
greater than a
threshold
NOTE: The offline tools: MAPGEN, DATAGEN, MOSAICGEN AND STRIPGEN are only
available when the technical supervisor position is running. Therefore, it is advisable to
backup any offline data changed from that of the default sent delivered with system.
5.8.5 How to Start the EUROCAT-C System
5.8.5.1 There are three steps:
1. Power On all the devices.

2. Start up the EUROCAT-C application on TSP.
3. Start up the other positions from the TSP.
5.8.5.2 The devices should be powered on in the following order:
1. the MODEMs,
2. the Splitters,
3. the P-lines,
4. the Switches,
5. the Strip Printers,
6. the Monitors,
7. The Computers (Note that the order of the computers does not matter).
191
5.8.6 Procedure for Replay of Archived Data on TOPSKY
5.8.6.1 The following Tables contain the procedures for replaying archived data on the
TOPSKY equipment:

CP START_CP Start the NO
application
REPLAY 1 Start the NO
REPLAY 2 application in
replay mode
DOWN_CP Stop the YES
application Upon detection of
problems
UPDATE Update the NO
SIM 1,SIM2 SIM3, controller working
SIN4 position with offline
data
RUN_DATAGEN Start the specified NO
RUN_MAPGEN offline tool.
RUN_MOSAIC
RUN_STRIP
SIMU Start the position to NO
run the simulation
mode

DP COLD_START Start the NO
application in cold
start mode
HOT_START Start the NO
application in hot
start mode
START_SBY Start the NO
application in the
case the dual
computer is
already started.
SWITCH Switch the standby YES
computer in When operational
operational mode computer is not
seen available by
the standby
computer or when
the quality level of
192
the standby
computer is better
than the quality of
the operational
computer
REC START Start the NO
application in the
case no hot/cold
starting is required
DP DOWN_CMP Stop the YES
REC application Upon detection of
AGDP problems
RFP UPDATE Update the NO
AGDP processor with
offline data
START Start the NO
application
STOP Stop the NO
application

RADARS BIASES Switch the radar NO
COMPUTATION bias computation
mode from
MANUAL to
AUTOMATIC or
conversely
RADAR LINES ATTACH Attach the radar NO
line to the system
DETACH Detach the radar YES
line from the When the
system oscillation
between the state
OK and FAILED is
up to threshold

AFTN ATTACH Attach the line to YES
the system. The At the starting of
line will be opened the DP computer,
the AFTN line is
automatically
opened.
DETACH Detach the line YES
193
from the system. When the number
The line will be of oscillations
close. between the state
OK and FAILED is
greater than a
threshold
STP ATTACH Attach the strip YES
printer to the The strip printer is
system automatically
opened during the
starting phase of
the controller
working position
DETACH Detach the strip YES
printer from the When the number
system of oscillations
between the state
OK and FAILED is
greater than a
threshold
194
CHAPTER 6
SOP-ATSE-ELMS-05 – ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS
6.1 INTRODUCTION
of electromechanical services under the Electromechanical Systems Department of the
Directorate of Safety Electronics and Engineering Services (DSEES) of NAMA at the
station or operational unit levels.
6.1.2 The Document seeks to provide Electromechanical Systems personnel at the station
levels with the information, guidance and instructions that would enable them to carry out
their duties uniformly and in accordance with applicable DSEES Policy Documents, NCAA
6.2 CLASSIFICATION OF ELECTROMECHANICAL FACILITIES

6.2.1 There are three categories of facilities under the Electro-mechanical Systems
Department. These are:
i. Power Generator system
ii. Air conditioning system
iii. Electrical system
6.2.2 Types of Generator in Use:
1. Caterpillar
2. Perkins
3. Lister
4. Conex
195
6.3 ELECTROMECHANICAL SERVICES
6.3.1 The services provided by the Department include:
i. Provision of cooling services to CNS systems, offices and equipment

shelters.
ii. Provision of electrical power for CNS facilities.
iii. Provision of lighting to CNS facilities and offices.
6.4 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES
6.4.1 CLASSIFICATION AND TYPES OF MAINTENANCE
6.4.1.1 Classification of maintenance work is based on activities carried out on

particular equipment, system or an installation. These activities could broadly be divided
into two. These are planned maintenance and unplanned maintenance. The following
chart will explain in details the procedure for the two different maintenance exercises:
GENERATOR MAINTENANCE
PLANNED MAINTENANCE UNPLANNED MAINTENANCE
PLANNED PREVENTIVE
PLANNED UNPLANNED UNPLANNED
MAINTENANCE
CORRECTIVE CORRECTIVE BREAKDOWN
MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE
1.1.1 MAIN
DAILY PERIODIC MINOR MAJOR OR PLANNED PLANNED

ROUTINE MAINTENANCE SERVICE COMPREHENSIVE CORRECTIVE CORRECTIVE
CHECKS LUBE SERVICE SERVICE SHUT DOWN BREAKDOWN
196
6.4.2 GENERATOR MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES
6.4.2.1 Power Generator Maintenance Procedures
6.4.2.1.1 A new generator or newly overhauled power generator shall never be put into
use without carrying out the following steps:
i. Remove all protective plugs, blank flanges, seals and locks. Drain the anti-
corrosion oil and fuel mixture from the fuel system and flush this with clean
fuel. Then, refill with fresh fuel oil from the fuel storage tank.
ii. Check the cooling water system for corrosion, deposits and other foreign
bodies and flush with water. If chemical inhibitors are used, the entire
system should be cleaned with an alkaline solution before filling with water.
iii. Drain the lubricating oil system if it was filled with preservation oil. Fill with
new oil and vent the lubricating oil system if there is provision for this.
iv. Fill the oil bath air filter with the right grade of oil and to the recommended
level.
v. Check that the battery cells are filled up to the recommended level.
6.4.2.2 Starting
6.4.2.2.1 Do not actuate starter motor for longer than 10 seconds, as this would bring
about excessive discharge of batteries. Repetition of start should only be after a pause of
about 30 seconds.
6.4.2.2.2 Do not press starter button with engine or starter motor in motion.
6.4.2.3 Running-in
6.4.2.3.1 With new or overhauled engines, it is advisable not to operate at more

than approximately 3/4 load/capacity during the first few hours of operation but operation
shall be carried out with varying speeds. Subsequently, the engine shall be brought up to
full output slowly.
6.4.2.4 Generator Routine Maintenance
6.4.2.4.1 When performing routine maintenance, each action taken shall be logged, and
the readings and various parameters are recorded along with the date of inspection
and hour meter reading of the generator. These set of readings are compared with the
197
next set of data collected. Any absurd variation of readings indicates faulty
performance of the unit.
6.4.2.4.2 Load testing of automatic transfer switches in regular intervals keeps track of
the component‘s electrical and mechanical integrity in the actual mechanical transfer
operation. Other factors to be checked periodically are starting and timing relays, start
signal continuity, and utility phase sensing.
6.4.2.4.3 Preventative maintenance thus ensures that you get uninterrupted power
supply for all your needs. You are assured of service on priority basis in case of dire
emergency and discounted service rate for additional support or work. Once a
business enters into such contracts, the facility can relax on this aspect as the
maintenance provider keeps track of when the next servicing is due and makes the
visits in regular intervals.
6.4.2.4.4 Diesel generators can start and assume full-rated load in less than 10 seconds,
and they typically can go 30,000 hours or more between major overhauls. This
remarkable set of credentials is unique to diesel engines, but like any mechanical
device, maintenance is critical for ensuring that a diesel powered standby generator
will start and run when needed.
Because diesel engines are so durable, most maintenance is preventive in nature and
it‘s generally a good idea to establish and stick to a schedule of maintenance and
service based on how often the generator is likely to be used and any operating
conditions such as extreme temperatures in the environment.
6.4.2.4.5 Important factors to consider in setting up a maintenance schedule are if the

backup generator is on continuous duty and whether it has exposure to hash weather,
salt water, dust, sand or other airborne contaminants.
6.4.2.4.6 There are six main areas of maintenance to cover to make sure the system is
safe and reliable. Here are the basics of those areas:
6.4.3 GENERAL INSPECTION

6.4.3.1 This covers the exhaust system, fuel system, DC electrical system and the
engine.
6.4.3.2 LUBRICATION SERVICE
6.4.3.2.1 Check the engine oil level when it is shut down and change the oil and filter at
the intervals recommended.
6.4.3.3 COOLING SYSTEM SERVICE
6.4.3.3.1 Check the coolant level during shutdown periods. Heavy-duty diesel engines
require a balanced coolant mixture of water, antifreeze and coolant additives. Be sure to
198
inspect the exterior of the radiator for obstructions and remove all dirt or foreign material.
Check the operation of the coolant heater.
6.4.3.4 FUEL SYSTEM SERVICE
6.4.3.4.1 Fuel filters should be drained at regular intervals as well as checking for water
vapor accumulation and condensation in the fuel tank. The charge-air piping and hoses
should be inspected daily for leaks, holes, cracks or loose connections and the engine air
intake components should be checked at regular intervals.
6.4.3.5 STARTING BATTERIES
6.4.3.5.1 Weak or undercharged starting batteries are the most common cause of
standby power system failures. Even when kept fully charged and maintained, lead-acid
starting batteries are subject to deterioration over time and must be periodically replaced
when they no longer hold a proper charge. Only a regular schedule of inspection and
testing under load can prevent starting problems with the generator.
6.4.3.6 DIESEL GENERATOR WARMING UP
6.4.3.6.1 Industrial Generator sets on continuous standby shall be able to go from a cold
start to being fully operational in a matter of seconds. This can impose a severe burden
on engine parts. However, regular warming up keeps engine parts lubricated prevents
oxidation of electrical contacts, uses up fuel before it deteriorates, and, in general, helps
provide reliable engine starting.
NOTE: SERVICE FREQUENCIES- The Engine Service Counter (E.S.C.) reading, if this is
installed, will help to determine the service intervals. If it is not installed, the operator can
compute it from local experience, the average number of hour’s run per 24-hours a day.
6.4.3.7 SHUTTING DOWN
6.4.3.7.1 Do not shut down the engine immediately following high loading, but allow idling
about 5 min. so that the temperature is equalized.
199
6.4.4 DAILY MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES
1. Read through the activities recorded in the shift logbook.

2. Inspect all materials and equipment handed over by the preceding shift.
3. Identify any fault recorded in the logbook.
4. Take physical inspection of the generators and all other equipment.
5. Ensure that the generator and the powerhouse are cleared of all obstructions.
6. Check the generator lubricating oil level, and water coolant level and top them up if
necessary.
7. Check the ventilation system of the power house for any possible obstruction.
8. Check the fuel line/storage tank for any leakage, and rectify any identified fault.
9. Check the battery terminals, electrolyte level and top-up if necessary.
10. Check all bolts and nuts for any slacks and tighten them if necessary.
11. Check all cable joints for partial contacts, and tighten loose joints if necessary.
12. Check the working condition of the fire extinguishers.
13. Clear reported and detected faults.
14. Test-run the generators for about 10minutes.
15. Check the color and volume of exhaust smoke from the generator and ensure it
conforms to the manufacturers recommendation
16. Check the function of the voltmeter, ammeter, and frequency meter.
17. Check the output voltage of the generator.
6.4.5 ROUTINE MAINTENANCE GUIDELINES
6.4.5.1 Whatever the make of the generator, the service pattern still
remains the same and so, the following will be carried out at the indicated intervals:
6.4.5.1.1 2-4 WEEKS OR 100-200 WORKING HOURS
1. Check radiator water level and top-up as necessary. Check for leaks. Take note
of precautions if you have to open a hot engine.
2. Check battery electrolyte for level and specific relative density. Wash off all signs of
deposits on the battery to prevent corrosion of the head and terminals, and apply light
grease or petroleum jelly.
3. Check fuel tank and fill to level of condensate drain where such plugs are fitted.
4. Check lubricating oil level and top-up if necessary with approved grade (e.g. Rotella,
or delvac 133). Do not mix grades or brands. Check oil pressure switch.
5. Check condition of air cleaner. Clean if necessary.
6. Check all hoses and liquid lines.
200
7. Ensure general engine cleanliness.
8. Check that all the gauges are registering designed values.
9. Check drive belt, adjust tension if necessary.
10. Drain cooling water and fill with additives.
11. Change lubricating oil and oil filter.
12. Change fuel filter element.
6.4.5.1.2 1-3 MONTHS OR 200-1000 WORKING HOURS
1. Check breather (mounted on tappet covers) where installed, clean with petrol and
allow it to dry, immerse in oil and fit back.
2. Check turbocharger (for turbocharged engine) for exhaust leaks.
3. The charged air and exhaust gas piping should be inspected periodically. Leakages
should be remedied at once as they can lead to overheating of the engine.
4. Checks pump timing and tighten coupling bolts to correct torque. Fuel pumps
not lubricated from engine should be refilled with engine oil to the correct level.
5. A regular check should be kept on the fouling indicator, which shows the degree
of Clogging of the air filter element.
6. Check Cylinder head bolts with the correct torque spanner. Adjust as desired.
7. Check tappet clearance and adjust as specified by the engine manufacturer.
8. Clean air filters and if necessary, change.
9. Remove fuel injectors – inspect for corrosion and check on test rig. Service or renew
nozzles
10. Check for correct spray and pressure. Replace copper washer and fit back injectors.
11. Check turbocharger bearings (for turbocharged unit). Take care that dirty or loose
particles do not enter the exhaust or induction system, as turbochargers are precision
units.
12. Drain oil whilst hot and refill with new oil to ‗FULL‘ mark.
13. Check that the fuel pump is functioning.
6.4.5.1.3 3-6 MONTHS OR 1000-6000 WORKING HOURS
1. Carry out top overhaul; de-carbonize the Cylinder head.

2. Check all shut down and warning switches and replaces defective units.
3. Clean radiator grills by the application of pressure from a steam machine.
4. Ensure the injection pump is running as desired.
201
6.4.5.1.4 6 MONTHS-1YEAR OR 6000-12,000 WORKING HOURS
1. Observe any abnormal noise or erratic performance and arrange repair.

2. Carry out major overhauling if your observation of the engine performance suggested
so before it results to very expensive repairs.
6.4.6 CHECKLIST FOR AIR CONDITIONER MAINTENANCE
1. OUTDOOR CONDENSING UNIT: Make sure this unit isn't blocked by high
grasses, weeds, or other lawn and garden components. The unit needs to draw air
into the system in order to cool and circulate inside, but the process is hindered if it
cannot pull in enough outside air.
2. CONDUCT A TEST RUN: Crank your system and let it run for up to an hour to
detect any abnormal operation.
3. CHANGE THE AIR FILTER: Dirty filters will destroy your unit's energy, efficiency
or, worse, cause the evaporator to ice over. If you know you're bad at remembering
these types of recurring maintenance, install a permanent filter that needs only to
be cleaned, instead of being replaced each year.
4. CHECK ACCESS PANELS AND OBSTRUCTIONS: Be sure all access panels are
secure, with all screws in place. Clean obvious obstructions, such as newspaper
and leaves, from around the exterior of the unit.
5. SET AND DOUBLE-CHECK THE THERMOSTAT: Be sure the thermostat is set in
the cooling mode. Just setting the dial below room temperature will not activate the
air conditioner if it is set in the heat mode. If you have a programmable thermostat,
customize your cooling for various time and periods throughout the day.
6.4.7 CENTRAL AIR CONDITIONER

6.4.7.1 The central air conditioner mainly comprises of two components: the condenser
and the evaporator. The condenser unit consists of a condensing coil in which a high
temperature and pressure refrigerant gas flows, and a fan to blow air across the coil. The
refrigerant gas is cooled back to a liquid state with the help of this fan. Normally, the
condenser unit is present in the outdoor portion of an air conditioning system and located
outside the house. An evaporator coil, also known as cooling coil is a part of finned tubing
into which liquid refrigerant is metered and evaporated from liquid to gas state.
6.4.7.2 This refrigerant gas absorbs heat, cools the evaporator coil surface and further
leads to cooling of the indoor air blown across the cooling coil. Central air conditioners are
mainly connected to a home's forced-air distribution system.
202
6.4.8
PROCEDURES FOR THE REPAIR OF ROOM AIRCONDITIONERS COMMONLY
USED IN EQUIPMENT SHELTERS
1. Remove the compressor cover from the mounting.

2. Check the condition of the pipes for any possible damage.
3. Flush the system with Freon 22.
4. Check all the wiring system and connections, replace or retighten
if necessary.
5. Remove the block rubber from the new compressor‘s suction, discharge and charge
line pipes.
6. Test the compressor direct on the extension mains.
7. While the compressor is on for about 1 to 2 minutes, check the suction and the
discharge sides for its performances.
8. Test 5 and 6 above will enable you to return the compressor to the suppliers or to
whom it is bought from without much problem.
9. Clean the pipes with sand paper or file for a good penetration while brazing.
10. Use brazing powder with brass brazing rod to braze iron to copper or iron-to-iron.
11. Use easy flow or silfus to braze copper to copper.
12. Add some refrigerant to the system to pressure test for any possible leakage.
13. Use soapy water solution or leak detector to trace leaks in all the welded areas
14. Vacuum the system and charge according to the manufacturer‘s specification on the
name, plate.
15. Charge by using manifold gauge and amp-probe to know the (FLA) full load amperes
to avoid overcharging.
16. Always follow the information on the name plate of the unit you are working on.
17. Always use the correct tools as to avoid hazard i.e. getting yourself injured
18 Do the following checks

(a) Trace the source of supply to the socket and size of cable used and the wiring
system.
(b) Check the phase supplying the building for appropriate voltage
19. Use your goggles all the time for any welding work.
20. Use refrigerant ―12‖ for refrigerator freezer and car air-condition.
21. Use refrigerant ―22‖ for room unit air conditioner.
22. USE THE FOLLOWING TYPES OF REFRIGERATION OIL FOR REPLACEMENT OF
OIL IF REQUIRED:
1. Texaco Capella ―D‖ Oil WF 68
2. Shell clavus oil G-32 and 68
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6.5 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS
6.5.1 Periodic Electrical Installation Checks:
1. Switch off the power source

2. Take physical look at the DB cubicle and clean up if necessary.
3. Check the breakers for continuity
4. Tighten loose cable joints if any
5. Take physical look at the lighting points
6. Check the patress boxes if firm to the wall
7. Check sockets, switches, lamp holders
8. Check cable connection in the joint box

9. Check the effectiveness of the stabloc
10. Check fuses for continuity
11. Open the fluorescent fittings
12. Take physical look at the chokes stab-loc, bye-pins etc.
13. Clean or change the ancillary if faulty
14. Switch on the system
6.5.2 Gear Switch Checks:
1. Switch off the source of supply

2. Take physical look at the cubicle
3. Open the cubicle
4. Check the fuses for continuity
5. Check the fuse base
6. Check the contact surfaces
7. Retighten loose connections
8. Blow/clean the accumulated dust
9. Check for arcing
10. Smoothen the contacts with emery paper
11. Switch on the system
6.5.3 Change-Over Switch Checks:
1. De-energize the system

2. Blow off dust or foreign matters
3. Check the fuses and loose cable connections
4. Retighten loose connections if any
5. Check the contacts for any arcing
6. Clean the contact surfaces
7. Check the ON/OFF handle
8. Check the tension of the cable connected
9. Check that the changeover is firm on the wall
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6.5.4 Automatic Mains Failure System (AMF)
1. Switch off the system

2. Take physical look at the cubicle
3. Blow off dust or foreign matters

4. Check and clean the relay surfaces
5. Check and clean the contactors
6. Check for loose cable connections and retighten if necessary
7. Check the timer‘s connection
8. Check the ancillary connection for serviceability
9. Switch on the unit
10. Watch out for signs of unusual noise if any
6.5.5 Transformers
1. Take physical look at the environment

2. Ensure that the environment is clean
3. Take physical look at the equipment
4. Switch of the system
5. Clean the equipment if necessary
6. Check the level of the transformer
7. Check the viscosity of the oil
8. Check the sealing gasket
9. Check the separators
10. Retighten loose bolts and nuts
11. Check that the common terminal winding connected to the neutral contactor is firm
12. Check for any oil
13. Check the insulators
14. Switch on the equipment
15. Watch out for signs of unusual noise
6.5.6 Rings Mains Unit (RMU):
1. Take physical look at the environment

2. Ensure that the environment is kept clean
3. Take physical look at the equipment
4. Switch off the system
5. Check the level of the oil
6. Check the viscosity of the oil
7. Remove and clean the fuses if necessary
8. Measure the continuity reading
205
9. Check the contact surfaces
10. Check for arcing
11. Smoothen the contacts
12. Retighten loose cable connections
13. Switch on the equipment
14. Listen out for signs of unusual noise
6.5.7 Feeder Pillar Unit:
1. Check the environment

2. Clean the environment
3. De-energize the power system
4. Clean the equipment
5. Remove the fuses
6. Check for continuity
7. Check the fuse carrier
8. Check the fuse base
9. Retighten loose cable connection
10. Fit back the fuses
.
6.6 POWER SYSTEMS MAINTENANCE CHART
6.6.1 POWER GENERATORS:
6.6.1.1 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
ITEM DESCRIPTION PERIODICITY DURATION PERSONNEL

1 Ensure that the coolant is at Every 8 hrs. 5 min. 1
the correct level
2 Check the intercooler and the Every 8 hrs. 10 min. 1
coolant radiator for debris
5 Check the condition of the 450 hrs. or 6 mths 5 min. 1
drive belt
6 Renew the coolant 3600 hrs. or 24 15 min. 1
mths
7 Renew the canister of the Annually 10 min. 1
coolant filter
8 Inspect the thermostat Annually 25 min. 1
10 Renew the canister of the fuel 900 hrs. or 12 30 min. 1
filter and renew the fuel mths
strainer
206
11 Check the amount of Every 8 hrs. 5 min. 1
lubricating oil in the sump
12 Check the lubricating oil Every 8 hrs. 2 min. 1
pressure at the gauge
13 Renew the engine lubricating 450 hrs. or 6 mths 15 min. 2
oil
14 Renew the canister of the 450 hrs. or 6 mths 5 min. 1
lubricating oil filter
15 Clean or renew the air filter 450 hrs. or 6 mths 10 min. 1
element.
16 Ensure that the valve tip 5000 hrs. 30 min. 2
clearances of the engine are
checked and, if necessary,
adjusted
17 Ensure that the turbocharger 6700 to 7500 hrs. 15 min. 1
impeller and the turbocharger
compressor casing are
cleaned
18 Ensure that the alternator, the 6700 to 7500 hrs. 30 min. 2
starter motor, and the
turbocharger are checked
19 Inspect the electrical system Annually 45 min. 2
6.6.1.2 CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
ITEM DESCRIPTION DURATION PERSONNEL

1 Battery replacement 15 min. 2
2 Remedying flow restriction in fuel pipes 25 min. 2
3 Replacement of faulty fuel lift pump 30 min. 2
4 Bleeding of fuel system 30 min. 2
5 Resetting incorrect tappet clearance 60 min. 2
6 Replacement of defective oil seal 60 min. 2
7 Replacement of water pump 60 min. 2
8 De-carbonization of turbocharger 60 min. 2
9 Cleaning of sump strainer 75 min. 3
10 Adjustment of driving belt 15 min. 2
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11 Replacement of driving belt 20 min. 2
12 Cleaning of radiator grills 30 min. 2
13 Top overhaul/ decarburization of cylinder 240 min. 2
head
14 Complete engine overhaul 480 min. 5
6.6.2 AIRCONDITIONER SYSTEM:
6.6.2.1 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE:

1 Washing of evaporator filter 1 month 15 min. 1
2 Flushing of blocked drain holes 1 month 30 min. 2
3 Cleaning of front panels 1 month 15 min. 1
Brushing and vacuum-cleaning
4 3 months 30 min. 2
of AC chassis
Inspection/lubrication of fan
5 3 months 30 min. 1
motor
6 Checking of fan belt tension 1 month 5 min. 1
Lubrication of bearings and
7 1 month 30 min. 1
bushings
Check solenoid and expansion
8 1 month 20 min. 1
valve
Checking compressor
9 fastening bolts and vibration 1 month 20 min. 2
dampers
10 Dry-clean filter cartridges. 6 months 40 min. 2
Check insulation and
11 thermostat/sensor modules for 6 months 30 min. 2
effectiveness
6.6.2.2 CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
ITEM DESCRIPTION DURATION PERSONNEL

1 Sealing/Replacement of leaking pipe 60 min. 2
2 Straightening of collapsed fins 75 min. 1
Replacement/Retightening of wiring system
3 connections 40 min. 2
208
4 Flushing system with refrigerant 45 min. 2
5 Charging of system with refrigerant 40 min. 2
6 Replacement/topping-up of compressor oil 20 min. 2
7 Replacement of compressor 60 min. 2
8 Tensioning/Replacement of fan belt 20 min. 1
9 Replace bearings and bushings 60 min. 2
10 Replace solenoid and expansion valve 30 min. 1
Replace/Retighten compressor fastening bolts and
11 vibration dampers 30 min. 1
6.6.3 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM:
6.6.3.1 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

1 Earth leakage/ continuity test on Daily 20 min. 2
distribution board, switchgears,
changeover switch and
automatic mains failure and
feeder pillar units
2 Inspection of circuit rings mains Daily 30 min. 2
unit, transformers and feeder
pillars
Continuity test on vital circuits in
3 operation area Daily 30 min. 2
Inspect lighting circuits, bulbs
4 and filaments for failure Daily 30 min. 2
Check earthing circuit in
5 operational location Daily 45 min. 2
Check circuit breakers for
6 leakage Daily 20 min. 2
7 Check for loose cable joints Monthly 30 min. 2
Check the effectiveness of fuses
8 for continuity Monthly 15 min. 2
Check the effectiveness of
9 stablocs Monthly 20 min. 2
Blow/clean accumulated dust on
10 appliances Monthly 10 min. 2
Check tension of cable
connection on changeover
11 switch Monthly 10 min. 2
209
Check for firmness of wall-
12 fastened appliances Monthly 5 min. 2
Check and clean relay
13 surfaces/contactors on AMF Monthly 40 min. 2
Check level/viscosity of
14 transformer oil Monthly 15 min. 2
Check sealing gasket, 2
separators and insulators of
15 transformers Monthly 15 min.
16 Check level/viscosity of RMU oil Monthly 10 min. 2
6.7 ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS CONTINGENCY PLANS

6.7.1 The following plans are to be put in place to avoid total failure of power supply to the
safety critical air navigation equipment:
6.7.2 POWER GENERATOR SYSTEM
1. Locations with primary and secondary power supply are to be provided with one
standby power generator to take care of emergency.
2. Locations with primary power supply only are to be provided with two standby
generators.
3. Locations without either primary or secondary source of power supply are to be

provided with three power generators.
6.7.3 AIRCONDITIONER SYSTEM
1. Each equipment shelter location is to be provided with a standby air conditioner that
could be used in case of any emergency.
6.7.4 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

1. Adequate electrical spares are to be stocked for immediate replacement of any
damaged or malfunctioning sub-system to avert disruption or potential disruption of
smooth operation.
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CHAPTER 7
SOP-ATSE-WOPL-06 – WORKSHOP, PLANNING/LOGISTICS
7.1 INTRODUCTION
of workshop, planning, research and logistics services under the Workshop, Planning and
Logistics Department of the Directorate of Safety Electronics and Engineering Services
(DSEES) of NAMA.
7.2 WORKSHOP, PLANNING AND LOGISTICS SERVICES
7.2.1 The Workshop, Planning and Logistics Department of the Directorate of Safety
Electronics and Engineering Services provide a wide variety of services that are of great
importance to the efficiency of air navigation services. These services include:
1. CNS spares administration.

2. CNS systems statistics, research, and procurement planning activities.
3. Provision of maintenance workshop facility for CNS equipment and systems.
4. CNS systems, spares and equipment logistics.
5. Quality assurance services for CNS systems operations.
7.3 FAULT REPORTING PROCEDURES

7.3.1 All fault reporting procedures in the Directorate of Safety Electronics and Engineering
Services are similar with minimal variations.
7.3.2 However, the following procedure should be followed in the event of reporting fault in
respect of CNS and power systems operations:
1. CNS/ATM user reports equipment or system failure to duty officer or the concerned
department using dedicated telephone lines.
2. Duty officer observes the reported fault.
3. Duty officer or concerned department documents or log the report.
4. Duty officer or concerned department monitors the status of the equipment at the time
of report or, where necessary, visit the site of the equipment being reported upon
211
(NAVAIDS sites, Control Tower/Equipment Room, Surveillance sites,
electromechanical sites and so on).
5. Officer diagnoses fault and attempts to resolve it.
6. Duty officer notifies the user of the state of equipment.
7. Duty officer documents actions taken and informs the Head of Department
accordingly.
8. If fault is unresolved, duty officer and/or Head of Department plan (s) for necessary
actions.
9. If fault remains unresolved, the Head of Department shall notify the General Manager
of the concerned department and the Airspace Manager of the station of the pending
fault and actions taken.
10. The Airspace Manager shall notify the Director of Safety Electronics and Engineering
Services for necessary directive.
11. If the equipment or service shall remain unserviceable for a long time, the Airspace
Manager of the concerned station shall authorize the issuance of NOTAM on the
status of that critical equipment pending resolution.
12. When finally resolved and put to operation, a NOTAM is also issued to notify airspace
users of the equipment‘s availability.
7.4 STATION INSPECTION CHECKLIST

The WPL Department shall, for statistical and research purposes, conduct periodical station
inspections. Such inspections shall be based on a Checklist, which will address the following
areas:
1. Equipment Name
2. Equipment Location
3. Station Name
4. Time and day of visit
5. Equipment Status
6. General Remarks
7.5 WORKSHOP MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

For all activities relating to workshop maintenance in respect of CNS equipment and systems,
the following procedures shall apply:
1. Faulty modules or equipment are received from a station.

2. Received faulty module or equipment documented
3. Assigned to an officer to diagnose nature of fault
4. Required spare parts applied for and received from stores
5. Actual repairs carried out
6. Repaired equipment or module is tested
7. Repaired equipment or modules labeled and kept in a pack for return to user station
212
8. Where modules can no longer be repaired, a new board can be produced by the
Engineering Laboratory where possible
9. Where modification is required, the Engineering Lab implements the modification in
consultation with the user department.
7.6 STATISTICS/DOCUMENTATION PROCEDURES

1. Receive daily report of CNS facilities from relevant station
2. Receive monthly status report of CNS from relevant station
3. Received reports documented and analyzed
4. Generates CNS daily status reports from the different reports
5. CNS daily reports sent to the various stakeholders (MD/CEO, NCAA, DSEES, and so
on).
6. Receives and documents ongoing projects from different departments of ATSES
7. Receives and documents all maintenance records from workshop and outstations
8. Receives and documents calibration reports and carry out necessary actions with
respect to planning.
7.7 RESEARCH PROCEDURES

1. Create and maintain a research Library where all equipment manuals will be kept for
reference purposes.
2. Extract monthly, quarterly, Bi-annual and annual specified maintenance recommended
by the manufacturers and advice the CNS departments when the equipment is due for
maintenance.
3. Carry out research on why some components or modules failed frequently. Advice
Manufacturers to find solutions to the problems.
4. Liaise with ATC to find out the problems that hinders the smooth operation of their
work, carry out research on it and advice the DSEES and various CNS departments
on the best solution to their problems.
5. Carry out research on the usefulness of obsolete equipment and how the organization
can profit from it and advise the management.
6. Advise the directorate on what to do with old equipment and junks.
7. Research on how to create conducive working environment between the directorate
and the external customers such as ATC, Pilots, Aircraft maintenance engineers,
NCAA, FAAN and so on.
8. Carry out research on the CNS facilities and how the organization can make profit out
of it.
213
7.8 LOGISTICS PROCEDURES
7.8.1 INCOMING ITEMS (International)
1. Receives notification from relevant department of incoming spare parts/equipment or
repaired equipment.
2. Notify a clearing agent.
3. Issues authorization to the agent to clear the incoming spare parts/equipment.
4. Receives the cleared item(s), document and store appropriately and collect invoice
from agent.
5. Invoice/receipt forwarded to General Manager WPL, DSEES, MD/CEO for approval
and payment processes.
6. Relevant department notified of received or cleared item(s).
7.8.2 INCOMING ITEMS (Local)
1. Station sends spare parts/equipment by courier/airline.

2. Station notifies HOD Logistics of incoming.
3. HOD Logistics collects item.
4. If it is to be repaired locally, the item is sent to maintenance workshop.
5. If it is to be repaired by the manufacturer, an agent is invited.
6. Agent sends item and issues invoice.
7. Invoice submitted for payment processes.
7.8.3 OUTGOING ITEMS (Local)
1. Relevant department sends request to collect item to GM WPL

2. GM WPL approves and forward to HOD Logistics
3. HOD Logistics documents request
4. Relevant department signs and collect item from HOD Logistics
5. If relevant depart is not in Lagos, HOD Logistics send items to relevant station by
courier or airline unaccompanied
6. When necessary, an officer accompany item to destination.
7. Relevant destination station notified of outgoing item
8. When received, destination station notify HOD Logistics for necessary documentation
7.8.4 OUTGOING ITEMS (International)
1. Relevant department makes request to GM WPL or HOD Logistics to send items out
for repairs
2. GM grants approval to HOD Logistics to send items.
3. HOD Logistics invites agent to send items
4. Agent send items and issues invoice
5. Invoice submitted for payment processes
214
7.9 TECHNICAL SPARES REQUISITION PROCEDURES
1. Relevant department fills the requisition booklet
2. Obtain head of department‘s/ASM‘s authorization
3. Obtain the GM F/S authorization
4. Stores signatories and documentation
5. Collect required items if available
6. If not available in store
7. Obtain necessary approvals to buy equipment/spare parts
7.10 EQUIPMENT LIFESPAN DETERMINATION PROCEDURES

1. Identify year of manufacture and document properly
2. Identify lifespan as recommended by manufacturer if applicable.
3. Identify year of installation
4. Identify year of commissioning
5. Document maintenance history
6. Identify availability of spare parts in stores and or manufacturer
7. Determine the operational status of the equipment
8. Document downtimes of the equipment
9. Determine the possibilities of modification
10. Identify if equipment is upgradeable
11. Notify DSEES OR MD/CEO a year before the upgrade.
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CHAPTER 8
SOP-ATSE-TLSM-07 – TRAINING, LICENSING/STAFF MATTERS
8.1 INTRODUCTION
of training, licensing and standards services as well as services relating to professional
and career development under the Training, Licensing and Staff Matters Department of
the Directorate of Safety Electronics and Engineering Services (DSEES) of NAMA.
8.2 TLSM SERVICES
The Training, Licensing and Staff Matters Department of the Directorate of Safety Electronics
and Engineering Services provides a wide variety of services, which cut across all the
departments in the directorate. The services include:
1. Management of DSEES training and development;

2. Coordination of ATSEP Licensing and systems ratings;
3. DSEES personnel data management;
4. Preparation of training schemes and schedules for the directorate;
5. Coordination of DSEES staff matters including recruitment, advancement, promotion,
postings, etc.;
6. Coordination of DSEES personnel certification with professional bodies;
7. Handling other matters as may be directed by the Director (Safety Electronics and
8.3 GENERAL POLICY ON TRAINING
8.3.1 In order for the Air Traffic Safety Engineering officer carry out maintenance of CNS
and power systems facilities in accordance with manufacturer‘s specified standards and
regulatory practices, training and retraining should be given high priority.
8.3.2 Adequate training with emphasis on personnel operational responsibilities will lead to
enhanced productivity, efficiency and dedication to duty thereby boasting the confidence
level of the maintenance officer and competence.
216
8.3.3 The overall training objective shall be tailored towards improving the operational
performance of the maintenance personnel in relation to achieving the vision and mission
of the agency.
8.3.4 Training programmes shall be designed after a careful need analysis of the course to
ensure that the maintenance personnel acquires the necessary skills required to
effectively carry out maintenance duties on CNS and power systems facilities.
8.4 LEVELS OF TRAINING

8.4.1 There are different levels of training that is generally designed for all new employees
of the agency in the directorate of safety electronics and engineering services.
8.4.2 LEVEL 1 Training: This is an orientation training designed to induct new employees
to the peculiar aviation industry. It is mostly for young school leavers. This level
comprises:
1. Basic induction course at NCAT, Zaria.

2. Abridge ATE diploma course NCAT, Zaria
3. Basic computer appreciation/application course.
4. Training on workshop and maintenance practice.
5. Basic Electronic instrumentation course.
8.4.3 LEVEL 2 Training: This is a further orientation training new recruits preparing young
maintenance personnel to carry out specified tasks in accordance with recommended
practices.
1. Advance electronics instrumentation course
2. Equipment training course
3. Training on new technologies
4. Advance workshop practice course
5. Middle level management training
8.4.4 LEVEL 3 Training: Maintenance officers on this level of training are specialist at
different core areas of CNS who must have acquired some equipment and manufacturers
or factory training.
217
1. Modular maintenance training
2. Design and fabrication of PCB
3. Advance electronics instrumentation course
4. Computer aided maintenance practice
5. Refresher courses
6. Senior level management training
8.4.5 LEVEL 4 Training: Air Traffic Safety Engineering personnel in this category of training
are mostly high executives trained for the purposes of planning, policy and decision
making for compliance with regulatory and standard practices.
1. Research and data Analysis course
2. Engineering Documentation, planning and statistic courses
3. Advance Electronic Design and Drafting courses
4. Computer Aided Design course
5. Management Training.
8.5 ATSEP COMPETENCY
8.5.1 The competence of the Air Traffic Safety Engineering maintenance personnel shall be
measured with the following procedures:
8.5.1.1 General Licence Qualifications
1. Possession of basic entry academic qualifications as required by an ICAO approved

training organization.
2. In-house- induction or orientation course
3. Aeronautical Telecommunications Facilities Orientation (ATFO) course
4. Air Traffic Systems Electronic Concepts (ATSEC) Course
218
5. Attendance of Pre ATSEP license course at any ATO.
6. Participation in ATSEP Licensing Examination conducted by NCAA.
8.5.1.2 Rating
8.5.1.2.1 Rating is one of the ways of ensuring competency and it is administered by the
Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA).
8.5.1.2.2 There are currently different categories of ratings obtainable for holders of Air
Traffic Safety Engineering Personnel. The categories cover all areas of CNS and power
systems facilities as follows:
1. CATEGORY A (COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS)
1) The maintenance officer with Category A ratings (i) to (iii) in relation to Communications
shall be responsible for installing, maintaining and returning to service of the following:
i. Terrestrial Radio Communication Systems including HF, VHF, UHF and ATC
voice recorder.
ii. Satellite Communications Systems.
iii. ATN and Data Communication Links.
2) The officer shall also issue certificate of compliance in respect of inspection, repairs,
replacements and modifications of any of the systems thereof.
2. CATEGORY B (RADIO NAVIGATIONS AIDS)
1) The maintenance officer with Category B ratings (i) to (iii) in relation to Radio Navigation
Aids shall be responsible for installing, maintaining and returning to service of the
following:
i. DVOR, VOR, LB, and NDB Systems.

ii. Instrument Landing Systems
219
3. CATEGORY C (SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS)
1) The maintenance officer with Category C ratings (i) to (iii) in relation to Surveillance
Systems shall be responsible for installing, maintaining and returning to service of the
following:
2)
i. Primary Radar and Processing Systems.
ii. Secondary Surveillance Radar and Processing Systems
iii. Mode S Radar and ADS-B
8.6PREPARATION FOR RATINGS

8.6.1 First Rating
1. The maintenance personnel aspiring to be rated shall be licensed

2. Shall complete mandatory minimum proficiency loggings on the particular equipment
to be rated upon.
3. The loggings shall be carried out under the supervision of an NCAA rated supervisor.
4. The candidate shall be presented for competency test to be conducted on the
equipment by the NCAA.
5. If the candidate passes the competency test, he shall be rated accordingly otherwise,
the exercise is repeated from point 2 above of the rating procedure.
8.6.2 Second Rating
1. After two years of obtaining first rating, the licence holder, having obtained the first
rating and desirous of obtaining a further rating, shall repeat steps (2) to (5) above
following which he or she shall be presented for a second rating on a different
equipment.
8.6.3 Third Rating
After two years of obtaining the second rating, an ATSEP licence holder aspiring to obtain
further rating shall repeat steps (2) to (5) relating to the first rating after which he or she shall
be presented for a third rating on a different equipment.
220
APPENDICES
221
APPENDIX A
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE DIRECTORATE (SEES)
MD/CE
DIRECTOR
OTHER DIRECTORS
SEES
GM GM GM GM GM GM
EC TS NAV SURV EMS WPL
DGM
TLSM
222
APPENDIX B
SAMPLE OF A FIVE-WATCH DUTY ROSTER
1.1.1 DATE DAY TIME (UTC) OFF

DUTY
0600- 1200-1800 1800-
1200 0600
1 MONDAY A E D B, C
2 TUESDAY B A E C, D
3 WEDNESDAY C B A D, E
4 THURSDAY D C B A, E
5 FRIDAY E D C A, B
6 SATURDAY A E D B, C
7 SUNDAY B A E C, D
8 MONDAY C B A D, E
9 TUESDAY D C B A, E
10 WEDNESDAY E D C A, B
11 THURSDAY A E D B, C
12 FRIDAY B A E C, D
13 SATURDAY C B A D, E
14 SUNDAY D C B A, E
15 MONDAY E D C A, B
16 TUESDAY A E D B, C
17 WEDNESDAY B A E C, D
18 THURSDAY C B A D, E
19 FRIDAY D C B A, E
20 SATURDAY E D C A, B
21 SUNDAY A E D B, C
22 MONDAY B A E C, D
23 TUESDAY C B A D, E
24 WEDNESDAY D C B A, E
25 THURSDAY E D C A, B
26 FRIDAY A E D B, C
27 SATURDAY B A E C, D
28 SUNDAY C B A D, E
29 MONDAY D C B A, E
30 TUESDAY E D C A, B
31 WEDNESDAY A E D B, C
223
APPENDIX C
SAMPLE OF A THREE-WATCH DUTY ROSTER
1.1.1 DATE DAY TIME (UTC) OFF DUTY

0600-1200 1200-1800
1 MONDAY A B C
2 TUESDAY C A B
3 WEDNESDAY B C A
4 THURSDAY A B C
5 FRIDAY C A B
6 SATURDAY B C A
7 SUNDAY A B C
8 MONDAY C A B
9 TUESDAY B C A
10 WEDNESDAY A B C
11 THURSDAY C A B
12 FRIDAY B C A
13 SATURDAY A B C
14 SUNDAY C A B
15 MONDAY B C A
16 TUESDAY A B C
17 WEDNESDAY C A B
18 THURSDAY B C A
19 FRIDAY A B C
20 SATURDAY C A B
21 SUNDAY B C A
22 MONDAY A B C
23 TUESDAY C A B
24 WEDNESDAY B C A
25 THURSDAY A B C
26 FRIDAY C A B
27 SATURDAY B C A
28 SUNDAY A B C
29 MONDAY C A B
30 TUESDAY B C A
31 WEDNESDAY A B C
224
APPENDIX D
DAILY TRANSMIT POWER PARAMETER RECORD
DATE/TIME RF SSPA ATTENUATION IN-SHELTER SIGNATURE/

(UTC) POWER POWER (dB) TEMPERATURE REMARKS
METER LEVEL (oC)
READING INDICATION
(dBm) (dBm)
225
APPENDIX E
TECHNICAL CHECKLIST
EUROCAT-C SYSTEM, VOICE RECORDING SYSTEM (VRS), VOICE CONTROLLED

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM (VCCS), FIBRE OPTIC AND VSAT EQUIPMENT
POSITION HOST NAME STATUS REMARKS

EUROCAT-C OPS POSITION
TSUP visu1
OP SUP visu2
ACC1 visu3
ACC1 ASST xterm1
ACC2 visu4
ACC2 ASST xterm1
ACC3 visu5
APP visu6
APP ASST xterm1
BAK1 visu7
BAK2 visu8
FIC visu9
FIC ASST xterm1
TWR visu10
PILOT1 sim
PILOT2 pil1
PILOT3 pil2
PILOT4 pil3
RCC1 visu11
RCC1 ASST xterm1
RCC2 visu12
RCC2 ASST xterm1
RCC3 visu13
RCC3 ASST xterm1
RCC4 visu14
RCC4 ASST xterm1
EUROCAT-C SERVERS
RFP1 rfp1
RFP2 rfp2
DP1 dp1
DP2 dp2
AGDP1 agdp1
AGDP2 agdp2
REC1 rec1
REC2 rec2
ANCILLARIES
226
NTP1 SERVER
NTP2 SERVER
NTP3 SERVER
pLINES1
pLINES2
PLINES3
pLINES4
HP LAN SWITCH1
HP LAN SWITCH2
TRANSTEC SWITCH1
TRANSTEC SWITCH2
SPLITTER
KVM
PRINTER
VOICE RECORDING SYSTEM
(VRS)
WT1187 DRIVE1
WT1187 DRIVE2
WT1188 DRIVE1
WT1188 DRIVE2
VRS SERVER
LABEL PRINTER
VCCS EQUIPMENT
NODAL SWITCHING UNIT
NSU CONTROL UNIT
SMA SERVER
MFT1 acc1-con
MFT2 acc1-asst
MFT3 acc2-con
MFT4 acc2-asst
MFT5 rcc1-con
MFT6 rcc1-asst
MFT7 pilot4
MFT8 tec room
MFT9 acc3-con
MFT10 acc3-asst
MFT11 op-sup
MFT12 app-con
MFT13 app-asst
MFT14 app-bu
MFT15 fic-con
MFT16 fic-asst
MFT17 tower
MFT18 rcc2-con
MFT19 rcc2-asst
227
MFT20 rcc3-con
MFT21 rcc3-asst
MFT22 rcc4-con
MFT23 rcc4-asst
MFT24 pilot3
MFT25 pilot2
MFT26 pilot1
FIBRE OPTIC
FMX1
FMX2
VSAT INDOOR UNIT
FAD 8400 CH1
FAD 9200 CH1
IDU 5000 CH1
FAD 8400 CH2
FAD 9200 CH2
IDU 5000 CH2
VSAT SERVER
228
APPENDIX F
TOPSKY/EUROCAT-C MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE
NOTE: The following system administration procedures are detailed in the System
Maintenance manual
Procedure Procedure Title

1 How to Start the EUROCAT-C System
2 How to Stop the EUROCAT-C System
3 How to Start one Position
- How to start a REC/AGDP in OPERATIONAL MODE
- How to start DP/RDP/FDP in COLD mode
- How to start DP/RDP/FDP in STANDBY mode
- How to start a CWP (Controller Position)
- How to restart a locked{bs or run locked position/computer
- How to start a controller position in Replay mode
4 How to Stop one position
- How to stop a CMP (Computer)
- How to stop a CWP (Controller Position)
5 How to Manage the External/Internal Interfaces
- How to Attach a Radar Line
- How to Detach a Radar Line
- How to Change Radar Bias Range and Azimuth
- How to Attach the AFTN Line
- How to Detach the AFTN Line
- How to Attach a Strip Printer
- How to Detach a Strip Printer
6 How to Update Parameters
- How to update MAPGEN parameters for one CWP
- How to update MAPGEN parameters for all CWPs
- How to update DATAGEN parameters for DP/RDP/FDP
- How to update MOSAIC parameters for one DP/RDP
- How to update MOSAIC parameters for both DP/RDP
- How to update Centre Position or Magnetic Variation
- How to update MAPGEN parameters from TSP
- How to update DATAGEN parameters for DP/RDP/FDP from TSP
- How to update MOSAIC parameters for one DP/RDP from TSP
- How to update MOSAIC parameters for both DP/RDP from TSP
- How to update Centre Position or Magnetic Variation from TSP
7 How to Change a Computer
8 How to Install the System from the DVD-ROM
9 How to Save and Restore Off-Line Data
229
10 How to Save and Restore Simulator Dataprep
11 How to Copy Log Files
12 How to Copy a Statistics File to Removable Media
13 How to Initialise a Used DVD+RW for use in Archiving
14 How to Start the Simulator
230

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NIGERIAN AIRSPACE MANAGEMENT AGENCY

AIR TRAFFIC SAFETY ENGINEERING

DIRECTORATE OF AIR TRAFFIC SAFETY ELECTRONICS AND ENGINEERING SERVICES

S/N NAME DESIGNATION SIGNATURE DATE

The Director of Safety Electronics and Engineering Services (DSEES) is

Within six (6) weeks of the conclusion of an amendment procedure to the

All concluded amendments shall be duly submitted for the consideration of

All amendments must be entered in the Record of Amendment.

Issue No. Date Applicable Date Entered Entered By Signature

STRUCTURE OF THE MANUAL 17

DISTRIBUTION OF THE MANUAL 19

PART I – MANUAL OF OPERATIONS

1.1 DSEES Structure 26

Chapter 2: Key Personnel and Duties

2.1 Director (SEES) 31

Chapter 3: Operational Policies

Chapter 4: Operational and Maintenance Procedures

4.2 Facilities and Equipment Maintenance Procedures 59

4.2.2 Operational Procedures for Station Categories 60

4.2.3 Preventive and Corrective Maintenance Instructions 60

4.2.4 Component Replacement 61

4.2.5 Probe Precautions 62

4.2.6 Transmitter Precautions 63

4.2.7 Fuse Protections 63

Chapter 5: System Performance Indicators

5.2 Satellite Communications RF Equipment Specifications 65

5.3 Satellite MODEM Specifications 66

5.4 Satellite communication Multiplexers Specifications 67

5.5 AFTN Message Switch Circuit Parameters 68

5.6 Satellite Interface Parameters 69

5.8 ILS Technical Details 74

5.9 Technical Details: Collocation with CVOR or ILS 79

5.10 Surveillance Systems Technical Details 81

PART 2 – STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES

Chapter 1: General Information

Chapter 2: SOP-ATSE-ECOM-01: Electronic Communications

2.2 Classification of Facilities 87

2.3 Electronic Communications Services 88

2.4 Electronic Communications Equipment/Facilities 88

2.4.2 Satellite Access Techniques 88

2.5 Maintenance and Inspection Instructions 90

2.5.1 General Requirements for Shift Duty 90

2.5.2 General Requirements for Site Inspection 91

2.5.3 Procedures for Fault Reporting and Resolution 92

2.6 Maintenance Procedures for IF and RF Frequency Systems 95

2.6.3 Down Converter 96

2.7 Procedures for Checking the DIVOS Clients Status 97

2.8 Corrective Maintenance Instructions 98

2.9 Maintenance Schedule 99

2.10 Procedures for Emergencies 104

Chapter 3: SOP-ATSE-TSER-02: Terrestrial Services

3.1 Introduction 105

3.2 Classification of Facilities 105

3.3 Terrestrial Services Applications 106

3.4 Terrestrial Services Equipment/Facilities 107

3.5 Maintenance and Inspection Instructions 113

3.5.1 General Requirements for Shift Duty 113

3.5.2 General Requirements for Site Inspection 113

3.5.3 General Provisions on Maintenance 114

3.6 Maintenance of Terrestrial Radio Systems 115

3.7 Maintenance Guideline for Switching and Cable Network 121

Chapter 4: SOP-ATSE-ANAV-03: Navigational Aids

4.1 Introduction 126