HEALTHY COUNTRY AND FREE FROM VIOLENCE

HEALTHY FAMILY, HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT,

HEALTHY FAMILY, HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT,
HEALTHY COUNTRY AND FREE FROM VIOLENCE

TH
PADANG, DESEMBER 20 2017

PADANG, DESEMBER 20 2017

TH
 PROCEEDING INTERNATIONAL HEALTH SEMINAR
HEALTHY FAMILY, HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT, HEALTHY COUNTRY
AND FREE FROM VIOLENCE

Editors
Prof. Sek Yang Chair, RN, PhD, FAAN, FHKAN
Dr. Zamzaliza Abdul Mulud
Dr. Ahmad Rafiq Muhammad Abu Arrah
Dr. Jontari Hutagalung, MPH
Dr. Drg. Nila Kusuma, M.Biomed
Dr. Eva Yunirita, SST. M.Biomed
Muchsin Riviwanto, SKM, MSi
Dr. Sumihardi, SKM. M.Kes
Renidayati, SKp, M.Kep.Sp Jiwa
Safyanti, SKM, M.Kes
Miladil Fitra, SKM, MKM
Husni Thamrin, STP. MP
Heppi Sasmita, SKp. M.Kep.Sp Jiwa
Revi Nilam Sari, S.Pd

Publisher
Padang Health Polytechnic
Jalan Raya Siteba Pondok Kopi
Padang - West Sumatera
http://poltekkespadang.ac.id
 EDITORIAL
PROCEEDING INTERNATIONAL HEALTH SEMINAR
HEALTHY FAMILY, HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT, HEALTHY COUNTRY
AND FREE FROM VIOLENCE

Editors
Prof. Sek Yang Chair, RN, PhD, FAAN, FHKAN
Dr. Zamzaliza Abdul Mulud
Dr. Ahmad Rafiq Muhammad Abu Arrah
Dr. Jontari Hutagalung, MPH
Dr. Drg. Nila Kusuma, M.Biomed
Dr. Eva Yunirita, SST. M.Biomed
Muchsin Riviwanto, SKM, MSi
Dr. Sumihardi, SKM. M.Kes
Renidayati, SKp, M.Kep.Sp Jiwa
Safyanti, SKM, M.Kes
Miladil Fitra, SKM, MKM
Husni Thamrin, STP. MP
Heppi Sasmita, SKp. M.Kep.Sp Jiwa
Revi Nilam Sari, S.Pd

Book Size: 21 cm x 29.7 cm

Pages: 437
Second Edition: December 2017
ISSN: 9772548 481009

Publisher
Padang Health Polytechnic
Jalan Raya Siteba Pondok Kopi
Padang - West Sumatera
Telp( 0751 ) 7058128. Fax (0751) 7058128
http://poltekkespadang.ac.id
 SK ISSN-0005.25484818/JL.3.1/SK.ISSN/2016.12

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ORAL PRESENTATION

Descriptive Study of Dental Health Status in Andalas 1st Year 1-4

Students
Nila Kasuma, Haria Fitri, Fildzah Nurul Fajrin

Adaptation of Community Regional Strategy Model Beach and 5 - 10

Mountains in Dealing With Climate Change in West Sumatra
Province (Case Study: Vulnerability Availability Disease Based
on Water and Environment)
Muchsin Riviwanto, Magzaiben Zainir

Relationship of Knowledge, Attitudes and Community 11 - 15

Motivation With the Implementation of Clean and Healthy
Behavior Household Arrangement At Legok Village Work Area
of Putri Ayu Public Health Center Jambi City 2017
Winda Triana, Sri Yun Utama

The Effect of Social Skill Training And Family Psycho-education 16 - 20

in the Prevence of Bullying Behavior in Student of Elementary
School in Padang
Renidayati, Hj.hasni Mastian

The Relationship of Risk Factors With the Occurrence of 21 - 25

Preeclampsia Mild in Pregnant Women in RSUD
Abdul Manap Jambi City 2017
Rosmaria, Nenny Heryani

The Effect of Soybean on Blood Glucose and Mass Body Index 26 - 30

(IMT) on Diabetes Melitus Type 2
Putri Dafriani, Eliza Arman, Emy Aztina

The Related Factors With Sexually Transmitted Infections at 31 - 34

Public Health Center Seberang Padang in 2017
Annisa Novita Sary, Chamy Rahmatiqa, Cici Wahyuli Putri

v
The Difference Plaque Index of Patient Hygiene Performance of 35 - 38
Students WHO Gargle With Strawberry Extracts and Grape
Extracts in SMPN 2 Tilatang Kamang
Yessi Yuzar, Aljufri, Yustina Sriani

Factors Affecting Anemia in Adolescent Teens in Jambi 39 - 45

Province
Novia Susianti, Raden Halim, Iswanto, Joni Martin

Modification of Total Sanitation Temperature Based on 46 -51

Community Lead Total Sanitation Community To Change
Community Behavior in Decreasing the Event of Blood Fever in
Nanggalo
Asep Irfan, Awaluddin

Effectiveness of Health Education By Vidio on Improvement of 52 - 56

Knowledge and Attitude in the Early Cervical Services With Iva
on Women in Childbearing in Bukittinggi
Lisma Evareny, Meilinda Agus

Effectiveness of Modification of Green Been Juice and Vitamin 57 - 60

C on Haemoglobin (Hb) Respect To HIV/AIDS Patients in
Foundati on of Lantera Minangkabau Padang District in 2017
Defiaroza, Sila Dewi Anggreni

The Effect of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding Implementation on 61 - 65

Improving the Body Temperature of Newborns
Laila Rahmi, Rahmi Novita Yusuf

The Anticipation Model of Circumcision in Woman By Local 66 - 70

Culture Art of Dendang Pauh in Subdistric Pauh of Padang City
West Sumatera
Helpi Nelwatri, Faridah BD

The Relationship of Nutritional Status With the Incidence of 71 - 75

Tuberculosis in the Pulmonary Disease Treatment Center (BP4)
Honesty Diana Morika, Rhona Sandra

Relationship of Knowledge And Attitude of Youth With HIV / 76 - 79

AIDS Prevention in SMA Negeri 3 Muaro Jambi
Suryani, Ambo Sengngeng

The Effectiveness of Cognitive Therapy to Reduce Anxiety in 80 - 84

Nursing Students Who Are Preparing A Thesis
Yeni Devita, Eka Malfasari, Andika Eka Putra

vi
Snakes And Ladders Game for Nutrition Education to Improve 85 - 88
Snack Safety Knowledge and Food Pattern
Arlen Defitri Nazar, Sri Darningsih

Effect of Health Promotion Using Visual Audio on Improving the 89 - 93

Women of Childbearing Age Motivation for Asetat Visual
Inspection in Anak Air Health Center Working Area
of Padang City
Lisa Rahmawati, Mahdalena Prihatin Ningsih

Evaluation of Suplementary Feeding Programs on Chronic 94 - 97

Energy Deficiency During Pregnancy in Palembang
Rosyati Pastuty, Rochmah KM, Teti Herawati

Correlation Between Monocyte Chemoattractan Protein-1 Levels 98 - 102

With Insulin Sensitivity in Overweight Late Adolescents
Pauline Kusmaryati

The Effect of Young Coconut Water With Avocado Juice Against 103 - 108
Blood Pressure in Patients With Hypertension in Public Health
Center Betung Rimba Asam Region Banyuasin 2016
Muzakar, Listrianah, Hendawati

Survival Analysis the Effect of Mass Media, Parents 109 - 112

and Friends Not Smoking on Senior High School Students
R.Firwandri Marza, Sari Arlinda, Miladil Fitra, Sri lestari Adriyanti

Dimensional Animation Film Promotion Media as Dengue 113 - 119

Mosquito Nest Suppression in Elementary School in
Citybengkulu
Linda, Dino Sumaryono, Reka Lagora Marsofely, Epti Yorita

The Attitudes &Readiness of Parents in Ability Exercisesfor 120 - 124

Controlling Elimination Urine (Toilet Training) Ona Toddler
Tiurmaida Simandalahi,Dwi Christina Rahayuningrum, Fenny
Fernando

The Relationship of Knowledge and Attitudelevel of Student 125 - 129

With HIV / AIDS Prevention Efforts At Student in Grade 12 At
Pembangunan Senior High School Padang Year 2017
PuteriFannya, Nova Arikhman, ShelvyHariaRoza

20 Minutes Passive Stretching Lower Blood Glucose Levels to 130 - 133

Patient With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Solok Regional Hospital
2017
Aini Yusra, Syahrum

vii
Discharge Planning Integrated in The DM Client Services in 134 - 137
Internal Disease Inpatient Room RSUD Solok 2017
Tintin Sumarni, Yulastri, AbdGafar

Analysis of Need Prevention and Care Caries Maintenance For 138 - 143
Children At Sdit Cahaya Hati in Year IV And V in Implementation
of UKGS Program
Syukra Alhamda, Lisnayetti

Physical Characteristics of Pulmonary TB Home With Events in 144 - 147

the City of Work Sei Janghealth Center Tanjungpinang
IndraMartias, Hendra Dhermawan, S.

Effect of Massage and Relaxation of Breathing Against the 148 - 152

Duration of Labor Active First Stage in the Maternity Hospital
Jambi City 2015
Titik Hindriati

Difference Knowledge, Attitude and Student Acts on Bike Dental 153 - 156
Between Playing Role Method With Th Demonstration in the
Class V SDN 15 Ampang Gadang and SDN 10 Kubu Ampek
Angkek District Regency of Agam
Muhammad Faisal, Zulfikri

The Role of Officers, Larva Existence in Suppression of 157 - 161

Mosquito Nest on Prevention of Dengue Haemorragic Fever
Dwi Christina Rahayuningrum, Tiurmaida Simandalahi, Melia
Pebrina

Risk Factor Description That Related to Birth Weight 162 - 165

in Lubuk Kilangan Health Center’s Working Area
Meldafia Idaman, Suci Syahril, Dewi Fransisca

The Organoleptic Quality And Acceptability of Jicama Roots 166 - 170

(Bengkoang) and Fermented Black Glutinous Rice Yoghurt as A
Functional Beverages of Therapeutic Diabetes Melitus
Eva Yuniritha, Gusnedi, Sonlimar Mangunsung

Effectiveness of Cassava Bark Extract in Extinguish Fire 171 - 174

Sumihardi, Suksmerri, DwiSudiarto

Effectiveness of the Educational Module to the Role of PMO in 175 - 180

the Working Region of Public Health Centre Lubuk Buaya, City
of Padang in 2017
Suhaimi, Efitra

viii
Effectiveness of Education Model of Hypertension Control on 181 - 186
Blood Pressure of Hypertension Patients in Puskesmas
Working Region Nanggalo Padang Year 2017
Idrawati Bahar, Reflita

Relationship Knowledge and Attitudes of the Elderly With the 187 - 189
Utilization of Elderly Posyandu in Work Area Puskesmas Tanah
Tinggi Binjai 2016
Kumalasari, Lestari Rahmah

The Incidence Andrisk Factors of Postpartum Blues in 190 - 195

Palembang City 2017
Intan Kumalasari, Hendawati

Effectiveness of Mixed Attractan Sugar and Hit Aerosol Lily 196 - 201
Blossom in House Flies Off (Musca Domestica)
Deri Kermelita, Ullya Rahmawati, Veronika Tinambunan

Model Development to Reduce Health Promotion in Adolescent 202 - 206

Pregnancy Incident in Bengkulu
Sri Sumiati,Reka Lagora Marsofel

Correlation Between Levels of Proinflammatory Resistin 207 - 210

Cytokyneswith Insulin Sensitivity of Overweight Late
Adolescent
Imelda

Relationship Bidan Knowledge Withmanagement of Perineum 211 - 212

Laserationat Labor at Hospitalsundari Year 2016
Eliza Warda

Impact of Using “Triad Sheet” in Adolescent Reproductive 213 - 217

Health on Peereducation Toknowledge Level and Attitude of
Adolescent in Padang City
Yefrida Rustam, Dewi Susanti

Effect of Range of Motion (ROM) Exercise Gripping the Ball 218 - 222
Against Upper Strength Muscles in Ischemic Stroke Patients at
Neurology Ward RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang
Hendri Budi, Netti

The Effect of Consumption of Purple Sweet Potato Biscuits 223 - 226

Formula to Weight Gain in Toddlers With Malnutrition
Susyani, Podojoyo

ix
The Comparison of Adsorbent Corncobs (Zea Mays) and 227 - 231
Cassava Skin (Manihot Esculenta L. Skin) in Reducing Iron
Content in Liquid Waste At Ganet Landfills Tanjungpinang
Erpina Santi Meliana Nadeak, Hendra Dhermawan Sitanggang,
Afrilianti, Leni Ariany

Differences of Lemea Fermentation Containers Againsttotal 232 - 236

Lactic Acid Bacteria and Dissolved Protein
Yenni Okfrianti, Darwis, Zamharira Muslim, Kamsiah

The Effectiveness of Therapy Reminiscence Modules and 237 - 241

Supportive in Family to Change Depression Level of Erderly in
Kurao Pagang Region Puskesmas Nanggalo Padang
Heppi Sasmita, Tasman

The Lactation Management of Breast Package Effect Toward 242 - 246

Lactation Problem And Maternal Self Confidence in Community
Health Centre of Nanggalo Work Area in Padang
Elvia Metti, Zolla Amely Ilda

Design Building Plastic Waste Tools Household Skill in 2017 247 - 249
Mahaza, Darwel

Effectiveness of Module in Establishment of Exclusive 250 - 254

Assembly Volunteer on Exclusive Knowledge of Extrusive
Assembling in Women Breastfeedingin Working Region of
Public Health Centre of Guguak Panjang
Siti Khadijah, Lili Dariani

POSTER PRESENTATION

Utilization of Vegetable Spinach (Amaranthus Spp.) Local as 255 - 259

Fiber Sources, Fe and Vitamin A in the Development of Ice
Cream For Basic School
Heriyenni, Ismanilda

Utilization of Local Food Ikan Bada (Stolephorus Insularis) as 260 - 262

Food Supplement For School Children in Padang City
Andrafikar, Sudihati Hamid

The Effect of Giving and Honey Prevention to Haemoglobin in 263 - 265

Pregnant Woman in Pintu Kabun Bukittinggi
Armen, Fitrina Bachtar

x
The Effectiveness of Reproductive Health Modules Utilizationon 266 - 269
The Improvement of Adolescent Knowledge About Early Age
Marriage in Balai Tampuak Pinang in the Working Region of
Community Health Centre of Mungka
Hasrah Murni, Fizran

The Effectivity of Counseling Model Using Leaflet and Ladder 270 - 273
and Snakes For Knowledge, Attitude and Habit Improvement at
Tanah Datar Regency Year 2017
Mulyatni Nizar, Kasmiyeti, Iswanelly Mourbas

The Influence of Gargling With the Solution of Hump Pineapple 274 - 277
Extract (Ananas Comosus (L) Merr.) to Salivary Ph of Students
of SDN 10 Kubu Kecamatan Ampek Angkek Kabupaten Agam
Minarni, Aflinda Yenti

"One Husband One Client" Package and Pregnant Woman 278 - 281
Accompanimentto Consume Fe Tablet in Tanjungpinang
City in 2017
Fidyah Aminin, Utami Dewi

Effectiveness of Booklet Utilization in Nutritional Counselingto 282 - 285

Countermeasure Food Disposal of Diabetes Mellituspatients At
Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang Year 2017
Iswanelly Mourbas, Novelasari

The Effect of Creating Simple Phantom For the Practice of KDM 286 - 291
Courses Improving Student Achievement of Midwifery
Department at Poltekkes Kemenkes Padang
Aprizal Ponda, Supiyah

Factors of Bullying in the School Children at Solok City 292 - 296

Elementary School in 2017
Sefrizon, Novi Herawati

Effect of Mature Papaya Consumption on Hb Level Increase in 297 - 300

Young Women With Anemia in Padang City 2017
Syarwini, Idrus Salim

Utilization of Brown Rice (Oryzanivara) and Passion Fruit 301 - 305

(Passifloraquadrangularis L) in the Making of Snack Bar as
Alternative Snack With High Fibers For Elementary School
Children
M. HusniThamrin, Zulferi

xi
Determinants of Food Hygiene Implementation at 306 - 311
Tanjungpinang City Elementary School
Zulya Erda, Weni Enjelina, Erpina SM Nadeak

Distribution of Spesies Aedes Sp Post Interest in the City of 312 - 316

Jambi
Sukmal Fahri, Fakhrida Khairat

Alternative of Chemically Waste Water Treatment in Chemical 317 - 320

Laboratory of Health Polytechnic of Kemenkes Padang 2016
Mukhlis, Sejati

The Model of Weight Prediction of Adult Patient in Some 321 - 326

Anthropometry Parameters
Marni Handayani, Rina Hasniyati

Effectiveness of Education Method of Modification Cbia 327 - 331

(Interactive Community Based Approach) on Knowledge,
Attitude, and Behavior of Diabetes Patients About Foot Care at
Andalas Health Center in Padang
Nova Yanti, Yesi Fadriyanti

The Effectiveness of the Model KIE Setting the Pattern of Diet 332 - 335
Dm and Diabetes Feet Gymnastics Through the Illustration
Media For DM Patient’s Knowledge at the Nanggalo Padang
Health Center 2017
Murniati, Herwati

The Effect of Psycoeduation Therapy on Caregiver Loads in 336 - 340

Treating Stroke Patients
Mira Agusthia

Application of Cognitive Behavior Therapy And Assertive 341 - 346

Training For Client With Risk of Violence Behavior Based on
Adaptation Stuart Model and Roy’s Adaptation Approach
Arya, Achir Yani S.Hamid, Novy Helena

Related Factors With Granting of Active Food in Children Age 347 - 352
6 -24 Months in Suka Maju Village District Mestong Muara Jambi
in 2017
Nuraidah, Ambo Sengngeng, Asmuni HS

The Relationship of Leaching by Number of Germs Tableware 353 - 355

At Restaurant in the Region Seek Sei Jang Tanjungpinangcity
M.Syahnan Purba, Zulya Erda

xii
The Effect of Moringa Leaf Capsul on the Hemoglobin Levels in 356 - 359
Young Women at SMP Sabbihisma Padang
Wiwi Sartika

Developing Potential Local Food Fish Bada 360 - 362

(Stolephorusinsularis) as Micro Nutrient Supplement and Its
Efficacy For Pregnant Woman in Padang City
Safyanti, Zulkifli

The Intervention Model Washing Cabbage Vegetables by Using 363 - 365

Salt Solution in Order To Reduce Total Plate Count
Erdi Nur, Sukapti

Effectiveness of Giving Cork Fish Extract (Ophiocephalus 366 - 370

Striatus) to the Growth of Stunting Children Under Five in
Padang City Year 2017
Zul Amri, Hasneli

Efectivity of Takakura Method and Takakura Plu Local Rice 371 - 373
Microorganism (MOL) in Compost Making by Using Waste Food
Residu in Patient of RSUP M. Djamil Padang
Awalia Gusti, Evino Sugriarta, Basuki Ario Seno

Effectiveness of Implementing Dental Techniques of Financial 374 - 378

And Horizontal Combinations on the Debris Index Urban
Primary School’s Student and Rural Primary School’s Student
Eldarita, Eka Sukanti

Related Factors With Bullying Events in Children Class IV, V, 379 - 383
And VI SD, in SD X Kota Padang
Lola Felnanda Amri, Zulharmaswita

Implementation of Culture-Based “Mengguyu” Stimulation 384 - 387

Module Minang Kabau To Optimalize Motor Development of
Ages 12-15 Months in the Work Area of Community Health
Center Nanggalo Padang 2017
Delima, Tisnawati

Modification of Liquid Food Ingredients Balanced Nutrition For 388 - 392

Patients Diabetes Mellitus
Defriani Dwiyanti, Irma Eva Yani

Integrated Anthropometry Measurement Development 393 - 398

Computer Based
Edmon, John Amos

xiii
Effectiveness of Leaflets and Booklets in Health Promotion 399 - 402
About PHBS in Householdsto Increaseof Knowledge of Mother
With Toddlers in the Working Area of Rasimah Ahmad Public
Health Center in Bukittinggi 2017
Darmayanti, Y, Sumitri

The Difference of Fetal Weight Estimation Accuracy Using 403 - 409

Risanto, Niswander and Johnson Formula’s
Elda Yusefni, Lita Angelina Saputri, Elsyie Yuniarti, Alsri Windra
Doni, Yussie Ater Merry

The Effectiveness of Cutaneus Stimulation (Slow Stroke Back 410 - 413

Massage) to Decrease of Haid Pain (Dismenorea) in
Adolescent Girls
Deharnita, Sri Dewi

Ecological Analysis Potential Placeaedes Sp. in Prevention of 414 - 418

Risk Diseases of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Diseases
(Dhf)Prevention in Padang City 2017
Aidil Onasis, Lindawati

Effect of Healthy Gymnastics on Female Lipid Blood Profile Age 419 - 422
35-55 Years in Kuranji Village in Work Area Puskesmas
Belimbing Padang Year 2017
Metri Lidya,Maswardi

Analysis of Logistics Management in Cold Chain Immunization 423 - 428

in Working Area of Nanggalo Health Centre 2017
Erwani, Haspita Rizky SH

The Effect of Psycoeduation Therapy on Caregiver Loads in 429 - 432

Treating Stroke Patients
Mira Agusthia

The Effect of Benson and Logo Therapy to Decrease the Degree 433 - 437
Stress of Elderly in Tresna Werdha Sabai Nan Aluih Sicincin
Regency of Padang Pariaman
H. Sunardi, N. Rachmadanur

xiv
 Manuscript
Oral Presentation
 DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF DENTAL HEALTH STATUS IN ANDALAS 1st
YEAR STUDENTS

Nila Kasuma, Haria Fitri, Fildzah Nurul Fajrin

Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatera , Indonesia

ABSTRACT
College students are generally have higher educational level and motivated to maintain
good oral health. Therefore the goal of this study is as evaluation of young adults
caries status which will provide an opportunity to acknowledge their oral health status.
This descriptive study was conducted on June 2017 in Medika Andalas Clinic ,Andalas
University . The study population consisted of 300 males and 300 females
undergraduate students of Andalas University with age range of 16-21 years. . DMFT
was obtained by calculating the number of decayed (D), missing (M) and filled (F) teeth
(T). The software used included MS Office Excel 2010 and IBM SPSS Statistics 17.
The result of this study is mean of DMFT in male group is 1.76±1.954, . In female
group , DMFT mean is 2.87±2.55. We conclude that Mean of DMFT on males Andalas
University student was higher than females DMFT , also whole DMFT of Andalas
University students was lower than whole West Sumatera and Indonesia DMFT as well.
By doing this study we hope on the young adult group the growing knowledge and
professional habits students get enough motivation to have their own teeth treated.

Key Words: DMFT, caries, young adult

INTRODUCTION
Dental health is a highly individualized concept the perception of which is very
much affected by an individual’s culture and socioeconomic status. The attitude of
people towards their own teeth, and attitudes of dentists who provide dental care, play
an important role in determining the oral health condition of the population (Naz &
Yousuf 2013). During the last decade studies have indicated that caries comprise a
major problem in the adult population of both developing and industrialized
countries(Namal et al. 2008). Dental caries is the most common chronic disease of the
oral cavity, which affects the population in general, from children to adults and seniors.
Based on current knowledge of cariology and on the principles of minimal intervention,
the treatment of carious lesions in the early stages occurs in a non-operative manner,
avoiding the need for more complex and costly treatments(Melgar et al. 2016).
Based on the minimal intervention concept, as well as in the possibility of
paralyzing and reversing dental caries in the early stages, one should not restrict the
detection of disease to cavitated lesions . Thus, the use of a method capable of
identifying spot lesions and their progression over time in an epidemiological level may
be relevant considering the objective to be achieved in a study. The need for operative
treatment at the population or individual level may be measured by the DMF
index(Melgar et al. 2016). The Decayed (D), Missing (M), Filled (F) teeth index has
been used since 1938 [1] and is well established as the leading measure of caries in
dental epidemiology. It has been developed by the WHO [6] to be recommend- ed as a
framework of reference to index dental caries. The index expresses the number of
decayed, missing and filled teeth in a group of individuals. (Khamis 2016). The DMFT
values will be interpreted according to DMF scoring scale According to this scale a

1
DMFT value between 0-4 is considered low caries status, the value in the range of 5-9
is moderate caries status and value greater than 9 is high caries status (Naz & Yousuf
2013). College students are generally have higher educational level and motivated to
maintain good oral health. Researcher have found that most of the students showed
improved oral hygiene following dental health education and the overall DMFT score
were reduced(Nadeem et al. 2011). Therefore evaluation of their caries status will
provide an opportunity to acknowledge their oral health status.

METHOD
The study population consisted of 300 males and 300 females first year
undergraduate students of Andalas University with age range of 16-21 years. The
students consent was taken before the examination . The examination was done in unit
light in Medika Andalas Clinic. There is no exclusion criteria on this study. The
instrument was calibrated for intra and interexamination reliability by a senior faculty
member. Each student being examined was seated in the upright position. DMFT (for
permanent dentition) describe the number, or the prevalence, of caries in an individual.
DMFT is method to numerically express the caries experience and is obtained by
calculating the number of decayed (D), missing (M) and filled (F) teeth (T). DMF-T
group based on WHO; very low (0,8-1,1), low (1,2-2,6), medium (2,7-4,4), high (4,5-
6,5), very high (>6,6). Statistical data was processed using a personal computer with
MS Windows 10 operating system. The software used included MS Office Excel 2010
and IBM SPSS Statistics 17.

RESULT
Table 1. Distribution of components of decayed, missing and filled teeth index
(DMFT)
Mean ±SD Minimum Maximum
Male 1.76 1.954 0 8
Female 2.87 2.550 0 11

Mean of DMFT in male group is 1.76±1.954, with the lowest DMFT 0 and the
highest is 8 . In female group , DMFT mean is 2.87±2.550 with the highest DMFT is 11
and the lowest is 0. Males mean DMFT was lower than females DMFT .

DISCUSSION
Dental caries (i.e., tooth decay) is the most common chronic disease world wide,
and one that exhibits profound disparities between affluent and impoverished nations
and between privileged and disadvantaged populations within wealthy nations(Shaffer
et al. 2015). Healthy teeth and oral tissues and the need for oral health care are
important for any section of society. Oral disorders can have a profound impact on the
quality of life. Good oral health has real health gains, in that it can improve general
health and quality of life and contribute to self image and social interaction.(Shabani et
al. 2015). In the oral cavity, therapeutic edentulation was common as a result of the
popularity of the focal infection theory. It has become increasingly clear that the oral

2
cavity can act as the site of origin for dissemination of pathogenic organisms to distant
body sites, especially in immunocompromised hosts such as patients suffering from
malignancies, diabetes, or rheumatoid arthritis or having corticosteroid or other immu-
nosuppressive treatment. A number of epidemiological studies have suggested that
oral infection, especially marginal and apical periodontitis, may be a risk factor for
systemic diseases.(Li et al. 2000)
Based on the results of Riskesdas 2013 caries prevalence in Indonesia is 76.2%
and DMF-T 4.5. The condition of DMF-T Indonesia is still high, seen from most
provinces for DMF-T index still in high condition. The provinces with high DMF-T are as
follows: Bangka Belitung (8,5), South Kalimantan (7,2), West Kalimantan (6.2), South
Sulawesi (6.6) and Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (5.9) including West Sumatra (6.2).
Based on Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2007, age group 10-24 years more
suffering caries 66,8-69,5%. This situation shows that dental caries occurs in many
productive ages. It is highly visible from the prevalence of the average Indonesian
dental and mouth performance of 23.4%. (Riskesdas 2013). The result of our
descriptive study showed that mean of DMFT in male group is 1.76±1.954, with the
lowest DMFT 0 and the highest is 8 . In female group , DMFT mean is 2.87±2.550 with
the highest DMFT is 11 and the lowest is 0. Males mean DMFT was lower than
females DMFT ..
The result of this study showed that DMFT was low and lower than whole
Indonesia DMFT (4.5) as well. This study agrees with study by Nadeem et al (2011)
showed that the number of decayed teeth was decreasing together with the increase
amount of knowledge and the year of studies (Nadeem et al. 2011). Today it is
believed that an environment with its typical culture, socioeconomic status, life style
and dietary pattern can have a greater impact on caries resistance or development
than the so-called inherent racial attributes (Naz & Yousuf 2013).

CONCLUSIONS
Mean of DMFT on males Andalas University student was higher than females
DMFT , also whole DMFT of Andalas University students was lower than whole West
Sumatera and Indonesia DMFT as well. Many factors which contribute in caries
formation, such as gender, saliva, diets, education level, time, and genetic factor. So by
doing this study we hope on the young adult group the growing knowledge and
professional habits students get enough motivation to have their own teeth treated.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We send our special gratitude to Andalas University and Medika Andalas Clinic

REFERENCES
Ferraro, M. & Vieira, A.R., 2010. Explaining Gender Differences in Caries : A
Multifactorial Approach to a Multifactorial Disease. , 2010, pp.1–6.
Khamis, A.H., 2016. Re-Visiting the Decay , Missing , Filled Teeth ( DMFT ) Index with
a Mathematical Modeling Concept. , (February), pp.16–22.
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