WATER LEVEL INDICATOR

A Project report Submitted

in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for the Degree of

Bachelor of Technology

In

Computer Science and Engineering

By
Ayush Sahi (1816410090)
Ayush Gupta(1816410091)
Ayush Gupta(1816410092)
Ayush Pandey(1816410094)
Ayush Srivastava(1816410095)

Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology,Kanpur

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 INTRODUCTION
Nowadays everybody has overhead tank at their homes, but the one who has a water
tank above knows the kind of problems that they face. Water tank overflow is a
common problem which leads to the wastage of water. Being electronics enthusiastic
made a simple and handy circuit which will detect the water level and will raise an
alarm upon getting the water tank full or a preset level. This simple transistor based
water level indicator circuit is very useful to indicate the water levels in a tank.
Whenever tank gets filled, we get alerts on particular levels. Here we have created
levels by alarms & we have added LEDs to indicate the level of water and one buzzer
to indicate full level. When tanks gets filled completely we get beep sound from
buzzer. So now we do not have to worry about overflow and water out anymore.

COMPONENTS USED

SR.NO COMPONENT NAME SPECIFICATION QUANTITY

1. TRANSISTOR BC 547 4
2. RESISTOR 220 ohm 3
3. LED RED 3
BLUE
GREEN
4. BUZZER SOUND LEVEL 1
85db(minimum)
5. BATTERY 9V 1

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
1.BC 547- It is an NPN Bi-polar junction transistor (BJT) .It is a semiconductor device used
to amplify and switch electronic signals and electrical power. The NPN transistor can be used in
two different modes forward biased mode and the reverse biased mode. BC547 is mainly used for
amplification and switching purposes. It has a maximum current gain of 800. Its equivalent
transistors are BC548 and BC549. The transistor terminals require a fixed DC voltage to operate
in the desired region of its characteristic curves i.e., Biasing. For amplification applications, the
transistor is biased such that it is partly on for all input conditions. The input signal at base is
amplified and taken at the emitter. BC547 is used in common emitter configuration for amplifiers.

2.RESISTOR 220 OHM-A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that

implements electric resistance as a circuit element.Resistors act to reduce current flow,and at the
same time,act to lower voltage levels within circuits.

3.LED-A light-emmitting diode is a semiconductor device that emits visible light when an
electronic current passes through it.The light is not particularly bright,but in most LEDs it is
monochromatic,occurring at single wavelength.

4.Buzzer-A Buzzer is a device which makes buzzing or beeping noise.There are several kinds,
yhe most basic is a piezoelectric buzzer,which is just a flat piece of piezoelectric material with
two electrodes.They are used in places where you need something that emits an audible tone.

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5.Battery-A battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical devices.It provide
power to electrical devices such as flashlights,mobile phones,electric cars.A Battery converts
electrical energy by a chemical reaction.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

WORKING OF WATER LEVEL INDICATOR

1. Working of automatic water tank level controller As shown in figure, in the beginning when
without water on a bucket transistors will not works, because the base of the transistors is not
triggered from the common point. There are three parts in this project:-. (i) The Circuit Part: It
comprises the brain of the module; where in all the various inputs from the sensors are fed. It
is the unit from where you will get all the information of how much of water is in the tank
2. (ii) The Power Supply: It is the part where in you will be converting the A/C voltage to a
regulated voltage of 9V to the Circuit. (iii) The Buzzer Part:It is responsible for bringing up
the sound when the water level fills up in the tank. It will also be having a speaker or a buzzer
to alert.The +9V is supplied to water using a metal contact. In this circuit all the transistors
are working as switch. When the water touches the metal contact in which base of each
transistor is connected, small current flows and turns on the transistor. When a transistor turns
on, LED connected to it glows. Thus LEDs will be turned on depending upon on the
level of water. And finally when it reaches to its top most level,
there will be a visual display as well as a sound from the unit
indicating that the water has filled in the tank and one can be alerted that

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 the tank has been filled up and the water pump has to be switched off saving the electricity
bill as well as over flow of water from the tank.

ADVANTAGES
 Easy to operate.
 Smaller in Size.
 Efficient design eliminate’s man work.
 Low power consumption and reduces wastage.

DISADVANTAGES
 Required a dedicated controller(Human).
 There is need of automatic system to increase the accuracy.

APPLICATIONS
 Water level indicator is used in application like storage tanks,boiler etc to
indicate level of inside water.
 Easily indicate when water level is full in the tank with beep sound.

CONCLUSION
This is a simple model water level indicator which can be made at your home. This
project is the solution to help the user to indicate water level in reservoir or into the
water tank that indicated different levels in an over head tank. A connection runs
under to the underground tank to check the availability of water in the tank before
operation the pump and the pump operates only automatic Water level Controller can
be used in Hotels, Factories, Homes Apartments, Commercial Complexes, Drainage,
etc., Finally, the project has been successfully implemented & tested The project gave
us more confidence that we will be able to put in practice, whatever the theoretical
knowledge we gained during the course of study till now. It really persuades us to do
more and more perhaps in better way in future.