Lesson Plan in Grade 8 Mathematics

Content Standards
The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of logic and reasoning.
Performance Standards
The learner is able to communicate mathematical thinking with coherence and clarity
in formulating and analysing arguments.
Learning Competency
The learner uses inductive or deductive reasoning in an argument.

I. Learning Objectives
At the end of the lesson, 80% of the students will be able to:
A. illustrates the deductive and inductive reasoning;
B. identifies the significance of deductive and inductive reasoning; and
C. inculcate appreciation during the decision.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Proving Theorems
Reference: Escaner IV et al; Spiral Math 8; p.148
Materials: Cartolina, Manila Paper, Marker, White Board, and Textbook.

III. Procedures
A. Preliminary Activities
1. Checking of classroom cleanliness and orderliness
2. Prayer
3. Greetings
4. Classroom Attendance

B. Activity
The teacher prepared a challenging activity called Puzzle Word. Each box has
a letter and the students need to arrange it in 1 word.
M S E R O N S I O
P P P P P P P P P
P E I S PN C C U L
P P P P P P P P P
 C. Analysis
1. What have you observed in the activity?
2. What do you think the connection of the two words?

(Using Textbook)
D. Abstraction
Theorem is a statement that can be demonstrated to be true by accepted mathematical
operations and arguments.
Deductive reasoning is a logical process in which a conclusion is based on the
concordance of multiple premises that are generally assumed to be true.
Example:
All men are mortal. (First premise)
Socrates is a man. (Second premise)
Therefore, Socrates is mortal. (Conclusion)

Inductive reasoning is a logical process in which multiple premises, all believed true
or found true most of the time, are combined to obtain a specific conclusion.
Example:
Harold is a grandfather. (First premise)
Harold is bald. (Second premise)
Therefore, all grandfathers are bald. (Conclusion)

E. Application
The teacher divides the students into 5 groups (since there are 35 students,
every group has 7 members). Then the students need to answer by group the given
reason. The first group who got the correct answer has a reward to the teacher after
class.
1. Michael just moved here from Chicago. Michael has red hair. Therefore, all
people from Chicago have red hair.
2. Every A is B and every B is C then C is A.

IV. Evaluation
The students will answer individually. And the students who got the perfect score
have a reward to be received on the next day.
 1. Teachers in the science department agree that their students learn better through
hands-on activities. Therefore, they increase laboratory activities when developing
next year's curriculum
2. John is an excellent swimmer. His family has a swimming pool. John's sister Mary
must also be an excellent swimmer.
3. The coin I pulled from the bag is a penny. That coin is a penny. A third coin from the
bag is a penny. Therefore, all the coins in the bag are pennies.

V. Assignment
For assignment, review and study the lesson of today for the long-test tomorrow.