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Junior Inter Mathematics

Trigonometry
e t
Trigonometry plays an important role in Mathematics at any level. Its study is very

n
much useful in Civil Engineering with regard to construction of buildings, laying roads

.
Important Questions and Answers
h a
etc. It is extensively covered in Intermediate Mathematics in the form of paper - I(A).

Q: If sinα + cosecα = 2, for n ∈ Z, then find

i b
1
A: sinα +  = 2
r at
sinnα + cosecnα . (sinα + cosecα = 2, n ∈Z Å®·ûË sinnα + cosecnα †’ éπ†’-éÓ\çúÕ.)

sinα
u p
sin2α − 2sinα + 1 = 0
(sinα − 1)2 = 0 a d
e n
sinα = 1, sin2α = 1, sinnα = 1

.e
∴ cosecα = 1, cosec2α = 1, cosecnα = 1
w t
w w
∴ sinnα + cosecnα = 2.
n e
Q: Evaluate (í∫ùÀç-îªçúÕ):
π 3π 5π 7π 9π
a .
cot  . cot  . cot  . cot  . cot  .
20 20 20 20 20
b h
π 9π
( π 7π π
) ( 7π 9π
A: cot  −  . cot  −  . cot  . cot  . cot  ) t i
2 20
9π
2 20
7π
4
7π
20
9π
20

r a
= tan  . tan  .1. cot  . cot  = 1
20 20 20
u 20 p
Q: If tan 20° = p (Å®·ûË) find:

a d
en
tan 610° + tan 700°

tan 560° − tan 470°
(†’ éπ†’-éÓ\çúÕ.)

.e
A: tan (720° − 110°) + tan (720° − 20°)

ww

tan (360° + 200°) − tan (360° + 110°)
w − tan 110° − tan 20°
= 
tan 200° − tan 110°
cot 20° − tan 20°
= 
tan 20° + cot 20°

R-24-11-14
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1 −p

p 1 − p2
=  = 
1
p + 
p
1 + p2

e t
Q: If 3 sin A + 5 cos A = 5 (Å®·ûË), find 5 sin A − 3 cos A
. n
(†’ éπ†’-éÓ\çúÕ.)
A: (3 sin A + 5 cos A)2 = 25
h a
30 sin A cos A = 25 − 9 sin2 A − 25 cos2 A .... (1)
i b
(5 sin A − 3 cos A)2
a t
p
= 25 sin2 A + 9 cos2 A − 30 sin A cos Ar
d u
= 25 sin2 A+ 9 cos2 A− (25− 9 sin2 A− 25 cos2 A)

n a
= 34 (sin2 A + cos2 A) − 25 = 9

.e e
∴ 5 sin A − 3 cos A = ± 3

w w
Q: Find the period of sinx.
e t
w(sinx Ç´-®Ωh-Ø√Eo
. n
éπ†’-éÓ\çúÕ.)
A: sinx = sin (π + x) = sinx h a
i b
∴ Period is 'π' (Ç´-®Ωh†ç 'π')

a t
Q: Evaluate (í∫ùÀç-îªçúÕ):

(π + A
sin2  ) π − A
 − sin2  (  )up
r
8 2
π + A
8 2

a
π − A
d
Ans: sin2 (
8
e
) − sin2 (
2 8n )
2

.e
π + A
= sin (  +  π − A ).

ww
8 2 8 2

w( π + A
sin 
8
π + A
 − 
2 8

2 )
sin A
π
= sin  . sin A =  .
4 
√2
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sin (α + β) a+b
Q: If  =  (Å®·ûË),
sin (α − β) a−b

show that a tan β = b tan α (ÅE îª÷°æçúÕ).

e t
A: Using componendo, dividendo
. n
h a
b
(ßÁ÷í¬ç-ûª-®√-†’-§ƒ-ûª-véÀߪ’ ü∆y®√)
sin (α + β) + sin (α − β)

t i
sin (α + β) − sin (α − β)

r a
a+b+a−b
= 
u p
a+b−a+b

a d
2sinα cosβ

e
 = 
2a
n
w.e
2cosα sinβ 2b
a
tanα . cot β = 
t
w w 1
b tanα .  = a
b

n e
tanβ
a .
∴ a tanβ = b tanα
 bh
4
)
t i
π + 6 ≤ b (Å®·ûË), find [a, b] (†’
Q: If a ≤ cosθ + 3 √ 2 sin (θ +  éπ†’-éÓ\çúÕ.)
 π +3 
A: cosθ + 3 √ 2 . sinθ cos  π
√ 2 cosθ sin  + 6
r a
4
= cosθ + 3sin θ + 3 cosθ + 6
u
4
p
a d
n
= 3 sinθ + 4 cosθ + 6

e
e
Range (¢√u°œh)
.
w w[ w  
]
= 6 − √ 9 + 16, 6 + √ 9 + 16 = [1, 11]

∴ 1 ≤ 3 sinθ + 4 cosθ + 6 ≤ 11

∴ a = 1, b = 11. [a, b] = [1, 11]

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sinα cosα
Q: If  = 
a b (Å®·ûË) find
a sin2α + b cos2α (†’ éπ†’-éÓ\çúÕ).
sinα
A: 
a =
cosα
b ⇒ tanα =
a

b
e t
(
a. sin 2α = a 
2tanα
) . n
1 + tan2α

h a
( ) b
2a
 2a2b
= a 
b
1+ 
a2
= 
a2 + b2
t i
b2
r a
1 − tan2α
(
b cos2 α = b 
1 + tan2α ) u p
a d
(ww.ee)
a2
1− 
= b b2
1+ 
a2
n( =b
b2 − a2

a2 + b2 )
b2

e t
w 2a2b + b3 − a2b
a sin2α + b cos2α = 
a2 + b2
. n
b (a2 + b2)
=  = b h a
a2 + b2
i b
Q: Evaluate (í∫ùÀç-îªçúÕ):
a t
cos2 π + cos2 
8
3π + cos2 
8
5π + cos2 
8
7π
8
p r
π + cos2 
A: cos2 
8
3π + cos2 
8 8
d u
5π + cos2 
7π
8
π a(π π π

en
3π 3π
= cos2  + cos2  + cos2  +  + cos2  + 
8 8 2 8 2 8 ) ( )
e
= cos2 
. π + cos2 
3π π 3π
+ sin2  + sin2 

(ww
8 8 8 8
π π 3π 3π
) (
= cos2  + sin2  + cos2  + sin2  )
w=1+1=2
8 8 8 8

Writer: C. Sadasivasastry

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Junior Inter Mathematics
Trigonometry
Q: Evaluate (í∫ùÀç-îªçúÕ):
e t
π
cos4  + cos4  3ππ 5π
+ cos4 
π 7π
+ cos4 
π.
. n
8
π
8
3π
8
5π
A: cos4  + cos4  + cos4  + cos4  .
8
7π a
h
8
π + cos4 
8 8
3π + cos4  π + 
8
π + cos4 
( π + 3π
)
b
i( )
= cos4 
8
π + cos4 
8
π
2 8 2
a t 8
= cos4 
8
π
3π

π
8
+ sin4  + sin4 
8
p
3π
8 r
( ) (
3π
= cos4  + sin4  + cos4  + sin4 
8 8 8
d u 3π
8 )
(
= cos2 π + sin2 
8 8 )
n a
π 2 − 2 cos2  π sin2 
8
π + cos2 
8
3π 2
3π + sin2 
8 8 ( )
.e e − 2 cos2 3π sin2 
8
3π
8

w π 2 3π 2
t
w ( ) ( )
sin  sin 
w 4
= 1 − 2  + 1 − 2 
2 2
4
n e
1 2+ 1 − 2 
= 1 − 2 
( ) 1 2
( ) a .

2√ 2

2√ 2
b h
1 +1− 1 = 2− 1 = 3
=1− 
4

4

2

2
t i
Q: Evaluate (í∫ùÀç-îªçúÕ):
r a
π
( ) ( )
cos 2  + cos2 
10 5
π + cos2 
2π π + cos2 
3π
5
π
9π
10(u) p ( )
π 2π
a
3π d9π
cos () + cos () + cos () + cos ( )
A: 2
10
eπ
2
5
n5
2
10
2

.e 10
4π
10
6π
= cos () + cos () + cos ( ) + cos ()
2 2
10
9π
2
10
2

w ww π
2
10
π
4π
10
4π
2

4π
4π
10
π
π
= cos ( ) + cos ( ) + cos (π −  ) + cos (π −  )
2
10
2

= cos ( ) + cos ( ) + cos ( ) + cos ( )

2 2 2 2
10 10 10 10
π
= 2 [cos ( ) + cos ( ) ]
2 4π 2
10 10

R-1-12-14
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π π π
[ ( )
= 2 cos2  + cos2  − 
10 2 10 ( )]
π
[ ( )
= 2 cos2  + sin2
10 (10π ) ] = 2(1) = 2 t
Q: Evaluate (í∫ùÀç-îªçúÕ):
n e
( π
)( π
) ( 1 + cos 107ππ) ( 1 + cos 109ππ)
3π
a .
1 + cos 
10
1 + cos 
10
b h
A: (1 + cos 10π ) (1 + cos 103π ) (1+ cos 107π) (1 + cos 109π)
t i
π
r a
= (1 + cos ) (1 + cos ) [1 + cos (π− )] [1 + cos (π − )]
3π 3π π
10
π
10

u p 10
π
10

10
3π
10
a d 3π
= (1 + cos ) (1 + cos ) (1 − cos ) (1 − cos  )
10 10

e π
= (1 − cos  ) (1 − cos  )
2 n 3π 2

w.e π
10

= (sin  ) (sin  )
2 3π 2
10

t
w w 
10

10
n e
√ 5−1
= () ()
4
2 √
5+1
4
2

a .
5−1
= () = 
2
1
bh
16 16
t i
Q: α, β are acute angles.
If cos α =  3
, cos β =  5 ,
r a
5
α−β
13
u
α+β p
then calculate sin2  and cos2 
2 (
a d 2 ) ( )
n 3
(α, β ©’ ©°∂æ·-éÓ-ù«©’. cos α =  , cos β = 
e 5
5
13

.e
Å®·ûË ⇒ sin2 α
( ) −β α+β
(
, cos2  ©†’ í∫ùÀç-îªçúÕ.) )
ww
2 2
A: α, β are acute angles (α, β ©’ ©°∂æ·-éÓ-ù«©’)
w 3
cos α =  , cos β = 
5
5
13
4 12
⇒ sin α = , sin β = 
5 13
cos (α − β) = cos α cos β + sin α sin β
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= ( ) ( 135 ) + ( 45 ) (1213 )

3
5
63
= 
65
e t
α−β
( 2 )
2sin2  = 1 − cos (α − β)
. n
=1−  63 2
= 
h a
65
α−β
(
∴ sin2  = 
65
1
) i b
2 65
a t
cos(α + β) = cos α cos β − sinα sin β

pr
3
( ) (
= 
5
5
13 ) 4 12
− ( ) (  )
5 13
d u
33
=− 
n a
65
e
(w.e)
α+β
2cos2  = 1 + cos (α + β)
t
w w 33
2
32
n e
=1− = 
65 65
a .
α+β
(16
∴ cos2  =  ) b h
2 65
i
t ( x+y

ra
1 1
Q: If sinx + siny =  , cosx + cosy = 
4 3
(Å®·ûË), 2 )
find tan  , cot(x + y)

(©†’ éπ†’-éÓ\çúÕ)
u p
1
A: sinx + siny = 
4
a d
e n
x+y x−y 1
⇒ 2sin  cos  =  ........ (1)

.e 2
1
2 4

ww
cosx + cosy = 
3

w x+y x−y 1
⇒ 2cos  cos  =  ....... (2)
2 2 3
(1) x+y 3
 ⇒ tan  =  ....... (3)
(2) 2 4

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x+y
(
2 tan 
tan (x + y) = 
2 )
x+y
(
1 − tan2  )
2
e t
3
( )
2
4
. n
= 
9
1−
h a
16

i b
6 16
4 7
24
= .  = 
7
a t
7
∴ cot (x + y) =  ........(4)
p r
24

d u
n a Writer: C. Sadasivasastry

.e e
w w e t
w . n
h a
i b
at
p r
d u
n a
.e e
w ww

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