Lesson#1.

THE PIANO KEYBOARD

A. The Letter Names Of The White Keys are CDEFGABC.

B. The Black Keys are group in Two’s and Three’s. They are called ENHARMONIC KEYS.

They have two different letter names. (C#/Db, D#/Eb, F#/Gb, G#/Ab, A#/Bb)

C. Half-Step is a musical interval of two adjacent keys. (C-C#, E-F, Bb-B)

D. Whole-Step is a musical interval comprising of two half-steps. (C-D, E-F#, Ab-Bb)

Lesson#2.THE MAJOR SCALE

A. MAJOR SCALE is a series of 8 keys with half-steps between 3-4 and 7-8 degrees and
whole steps between 1-2,4-5 and 6-7 degrees. The 1 and 8 degrees has the same
letter names. The pattern of Major Scale is W-W-H-W-W-W-H.
B. Circle Of Fifth’s is the sequence of keys that starts in the of key of C and ends in the
key of F#/Gb in a clockwise and counter-clockwise movement. The next key is found
perfect fifth (7HS) above (clockwise) or below (counter-clockwise) than the last key.
Clockwise keys are Sharp Keys while Counter-clockwise keys are Flat Keys.
 C. Relative Keys are the Major and Minor scales that have same number of sharps and
flats.
D. Parallel Keys are the Major and Minor scales that starts on the same tonic note ( 1st
degree of the scale ).

Lesson#3.THE INTERVAL

A. Interval is the distance between two keys.

B. Interval In The Major Scale.

C D E F G A B C

1.Major Interval-M2, M3, M6, M7.

2.Perfect Interval-P1, P8.

C. Other Types Of Interval.

1. Minor Interval- Lower the Major Interval by a half- step.

2. Augmented Interval- Raise the P4 and P5 by a half-step.

3. Diminish Interval- Lower the P5 by a half-step.

Lesson#4.THE TRIAD

A. Triad is a chord of three notes played simultaneously. The letter name is used each
member of the triad.
B. Different Types of Triad.
1. Major Triad -consists of the Root(R), Major Third (M3) and Perfect Fifth (P5)
Interval.

2. Minor Triad -consists of the Root(R), Minor Third and Perfect Fifth(P5).

3. Augmented Triad-consists of the Root (R), Major Third (M3) and Augmented
(Aug/+5) Interval.

4. Diminished Triad-consists of the Root(R), Minor Third(m3) and Diminished

Fifth(Dim).
 5. Sus4 Triad-consists of the Root (R), Perfect (P4) and Perfect (P5) interval.

6. Two (2) Triad-consists of the Root (R ), Major Second (M2 ) and Perfect Fifth ( P5 )
interval.

C. Triad Inversion.

1.Root Position -The lowest note is the root of the triad (C-E-G).

2.First Inversion-The lowest note is the third of the triad (E-G-C).

3.Second Position-The lowest note is the fifth of the triad (G-C-E).

D. Triads In Major Scale.

1. Major (M) 2. Minor (m) 3. Minor (m) 4. Major (M) 5. Major (M) 6. Minor (m)

7. Diminished (Dim) 8. Major (M)