SRM INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
18MAB201T/Transforms and Boundary value problems
UNIT III - APPLICATIONS OF PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

ANSWERS-TUTORIAL SHEET -1,2 AND 3

PART-B QUESTIONS
1. The equation is parabolic at all points.

2. The equation is hyperbolic for all x, y.

3. The equation is elliptic.

4. • The motion takes place entirely in one plane. This plane is chosen as the xy plane.
• In this plane, each particle of the string moves in a direction perpendicular to the
equilibrium position of the string.
• The tension T caused by stretching the string before fixing it at the end points is constant at
all times at all points of the deflected string.
• The tension T is very large compared with the wight of the string and hence the
gravitational force may be neglected.
• The effect of friction is negligible.
• The string is perfectly flexible. It can transmit only tension but not bending or shearing
forces.
• The slope of the deflection curve is small at all points and at all times.
PART-C QUESTIONS
3y0 πx πat y0 3πx 3πat
4. y(x, t) = sin cos − sin cos
4 l l 4 l l
k
5. y(x, t) = [sin x cos t + sin 3x cos 3t]
4
∞
∑ 8k nπ nπx nπct
6. y(x, t) = sin sin cos
n=1
n2 π 2 2 l l

TUTORIAL SHEET -2
PART-B QUESTIONS
1. The possible solutions are
(i) y(x, t) = (A1 eλx + B1 e−λx )(C1 eλat + D1 e−λat )
(ii) y(x, t) = (A2 cos λx + B2 sin λx)(C2 cos λat + D2 sin λat)
(iii) y(x, t) = (A3 x + B3 )(C3 t + D3 )
The correct solution is
y(x, t) = (A2 cos λx + B2 sin λx)(C2 cos λat + D2 sin λat).

2. The initial and boundary conditions are

(i) y(0, t) = 0 for t≥0
(ii) y(l,
( t) =
) 0 for t≥0
∂y
(iii) at (x,0)= 0 for 0≤x≤l
∂t 



 2b l

 x if 0 ≤ x ≤
l 2
(iv) y(x, 0) =



 2b 1

 (l − x) if ≤x≤l
l 2
 3. The initial and boundary conditions are
(i) y(0, t) = 0 for t ≥ 0
(ii) y(l, t) = 0 for t ≥ 0
(iii) ( ) = 0 for 0 ≤ x ≤ l
y(x, 0)
∂y
(iv) at t=0 = 3x(l − x) for 0 ≤ x ≤ l
∂t
PART-C QUESTIONS
3lv0 πx πat v0 l 3πx 3πat
4. y(x, t) = sin sin − sin sin
4πa l l 12πa l l
∞ [ ]
4l3 ∑ 1 + 2(−1)n nπx nπct
5. y(x, t) = − 3 3
sin . cos
π n=1 n l l
∞
16cl ∑ 1 nπ nπx nπat
6. y(x, t) = sin sin sin
aπ 3 n=1
n3 2 2l 2l

TUTORIAL SHEET -3
PART-B QUESTIONS
1. • Heat flows from a higher to lower temperature
• The amount of heat required to produce a given temperature change in a body is
proportional to the mass of the body and to the temperature change. This constant of
proportionality is known as the specific heat (c) of the conducting material.
• The rate at which heat flows through an area is proportional to the area and to the
temperature gradient normal to the area. This constant of proportionality is known as the
thermal conductivity k of the material.

2. The possible solutions are

(i) u(x, t) = (A1 eλx + B1 e−λx )(C1 eα λ t )
2 2

(ii) u(x, t) = (A2 cos λx + B2 sin λx)(C2 e−α λ t )

2 2

(iii) u(x, t) = (A3 x + B3 )C3

The correct solution is
u(x, t) = (A2 cos λx + B2 sin λx)(C2 e−α λ t ).
2 2

3. The initial and boundary conditions are

(i) u(0, t) = 0 for all t
(ii) u(l, t) = 0 for all t



 2T x l

 if 0 < x <
l 2
(iii) u(x, 0) =



 2T 1

 (l − x) if <x<l
l 2
4. u(x) = 2x + 20
PART-C QUESTIONS

∞ −α2 n2 π 2 t
4l ∑ 1 nπ nπx
5. u(x, t) = sin sin e l2
π2 n=1
n2 2 l

∞ −α2 n2 π 2 t
∑ 200 nπx
6. u(x, t) = (−1)n+1 sin e l2
n=1
nπ l

∞ −α2 n2 π 2 t
60 ∑ 1 nπx
7. u(x, t) = us (x) + ut (x, t) = 50 − 4x − sin e 25
π n=1
n 5