Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School

[RESEARCH TITLE](WHERE IS YOUR RESEARCH TITLE?)

A Research Paper presented to the

Faculty of the Senior High School
Liceo de Cagayan University - Main Campus
Cagayan de Oro City

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Practical Research 2

By:

NAMES?

October 2017

iii

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Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School

Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Introduction

Technology increases as the years passed by and because of that it provides good

opportunities to the seller which enables them to reach the customer in much faster, easier

and in economic way. Online shopping is emerging very fast in recent years. Now a day the

internet is one of the medium in terms of marketing. Most of the people shop online. On the

other hand, even though there is an online shopping, traditional shopping still existing. Many

customers go for purchasing offline because they want to examine the quality of the product

before buying it. In this contemporary world customer’s loyalty depends upon the consistent

ability to deliver quality, value and satisfaction. Some people go for offline shopping and

some for online but at the same time many go for both kind of shopping. The focus of the

study is on the consumer’s choice on what way they want to shop either in online or

traditional. However online shopping is easier and less price for the people than the

traditional shopping. While making any purchase decision the consumer should be wise to

pick on what medium they want to purchase either online or offline shopping. Consumer

should decide on what way they want to purchase that suit to their needs, wants and which

can satisfy them. (Laing and Lai, 2000) said that the internet shopping is the third best and

most popular activity over internet after online shopping next comes the e-mail using, instant

messaging and web browsing. The common thoughts come to the people’s mind when they

are online is that online shopping is more important than getting entertain by the internet.
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Online buying behavior and internet shopping is also known as the online behavior shopping.

Buying behavior means the purchase of good over internet using web browser. There are five

steps of online shopping that is related to traditional shopping behavior. (Chiang and

Dholskia, 2003; Lynch, Kent, and Srinivasan 2001) they said that in the typical way of online

shopping when the consumer need some product or service they go through the internet and

browse or search the things they need and their information. But rather than searching

actively, consumers are attracted by the information about the product they want. Many

people see products online and choose the best one which suits him/her. And also many have

studied that is focusing on the high touch products that the consumer feels when they need to

touch, smell or try the product. Consumers considered offline shopping at the purchasing

stage because it cannot be done in the online shopping.The research is very limited in this

area or field. Online or e-shopping is a kind of electronic shopping which allow the consumer

to buy things in an easier way to find an item, over the internet directly from the seller using

a web browser. (Aldrich Archive, 2010) online shopping is invented by an English

entrepreneur Michael Aldrich in 2008. (Palmer& Kimberly, 2007) Tim Berners Lee is the

one who created the first World Wide Web server in 1990. It was opened for a commercial

purpose.Amazon was launched in 2016, it is the first online shopping site of the world and

after that eBay was introduced in 2005.Today many countries are doing online shopping but

still some countries are at the starting point of the experiment of online shopping. In 2000,

the merchant account was launched that helped the software developers to sell their software

online easily.12000 domain names were registered in the internet. In general, the population
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School

from high level of income and high level of learning are more favorable to do online

shopping. The population who are more knowledgeable and more explored to the internet are

more into online shopping. The increase in technology increases the online shopping by the

consumer. The increase in technology creates a favorable attitude towards the consumer for

online shopping.

Conceptual Framework

This study will determine the independent and dependent variable. The independent

variable of our study is the preferred medium to purchase products while the dependent

variables are Quality of Products, Speed or Time and Price.(IT’S ALREADY OBVIOUS.

TELL ME SOMETHING I DON’T KNOW)

Today we all know that new technologies are increasing.

We have many ways to get information about different things. One of the trends now is

online shopping where you will not need to go to the mall to buy what you need, is go to the

internet, search the product you are looking for and ready to meet up. But where is it better to

shop? Is it online or traditional shopping? what is their difference when it comes to Price,

Quality of Products, Speed or Time?

(DID YOU NOT LEARN ABOUT CONCEPTUAL AND THEORETICAL

FRAMEWORK? WHERE IS YOUR GUIDED CONCEPT? )

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Schema of the Study

INDEPENDENT VARIABLES DEPENDENT VARIABLE

Preferred medium to - Quality of the Product

purchase products - Speed or Time
(online or traditional - Price
shopping)

Figure 1. The figure shows the relationship of independent and dependent variables.
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School

Statement of the Problem

This study will identify what medium to purchase products use by the Grade 11-

Accountancy students in Liceo De Cagayan University Main Campus.

This answers the questions about:

1. What are their personal information in terms of:

1.1 Age

2. What is the differences between Online Shopping and Traditional Shopping?

3. What are the factors that affect the students in choosing online shopping or

traditional shopping?

3.1 Quality of the product

3.2 Speed/Time

3.3 Price

Hypothesis

Ho: There is no preferred medium to purchase products use by the Grade 11-Accountancy

students.

Hı: Online shopping is the preferred medium to purchase products by Grade 11-Accountancy

students.
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School

Scope and Limitations of the Study

This study will only focus on the medium to purchase products, Specifically, Online

or Traditional medium of purchase among the Grade 11-Accountancy students in Liceo De

Cagayan University Main Campus and will only be limited only to Grade 11-Accountancy in

Liceo De Cagayan University Main Campus.

Significance of the Study

Consumers. This study aims to identify the important role and the impact focusing on the

realization of online shopping and traditional shopping in the market.

Students. They are the first beneficiary of this research because

so they can choose which medium to purchase products that is most affordable and the item

will last longer.

Sellers. To give their knowledge to what is the best medium to sell their products to the

consumers.
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Definition of Terms
For better understanding of the study, the following terms are defined:

Traditional Shopping. A retailer or a shop is a business that presents a selection of goods

and offers to trade or sell them to customers for money or other goods. Shopping is an

activity in which a customer browses the available goods or services presented by one or

more retailers with the intent to purchase a suitable selection of them. (May 2008)

Online Shopping. worldwide people order products from different regions and online

retailers deliver their products to their homes, offices or wherever they want. The B2C

(business to consumer) process has made it easy for consumers to select any product online

from a retailer's website and have it delivered to the consumer relatively quickly. The

consumer does not need to consume his energy by going out to the stores and saves his time

and cost of travelling. (Arnold, Mark J.; Kristy E. Reynolds; Nicole Ponderc; Jason E. Lueg

(August 2005).

Speed on time. A shop that sells custom automotive equipment especially to hot-rudders.

Quality of products. quality of a product or service refers to the perception of the degree to

which the product or service meets the customer's expectations. Quality has no specific

meaning unless related to a specific function and/or object.

Price Shopping. A value that will purchase a finite quantity, weight, or other measure of a

good or service.
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School

Chapter 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter includes a review of various literature and studies which were found

relevant to the present study. Both foreign and local literature and studies were given

importance and consideration to serve as conceptual sources of the study.

Foreign Literature and Studies

The online shopping and Traditional shopping is a technology process; they are

comprising of a series of issues typically linked together. Online shopping has grown

tremendously due to a number of benefits that users perceive the mode of shopping to have.

Among them is the flexibility of purchase where the customer is able to find information as

well as make a purchase any time anywhere. Some benefits come to another benefits,

because of the online product. Despite the fact that online products sometimes bear delivery

costs onto the final price, most of the selling price product is cheaper than those of the

physical stores. The online shopping and traditional shopping is encouraging people to

conduct an online. There are many online transactions require use of credit cards or bank

accounts. and many shoppers are afraid of releasing such information online. Another

disadvantage is that of waiting for delivery. There is a short span of time that is lost waiting

for the product ordered to arrive. Depending on the type of product, this can be a problem for

consumers and may influence choice of the mode of shopping.

Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School

According to (Austin and Tricia 2016), online shopping is an easy way to encourage

people to shop online. And these may include fun and entertainment. Consumers shop to

meet certain needs which include the need to acquire products but also shop for the purpose

of the fun of it.

Most of the consumers would stop offline shopping in favor of online shopping in the

long term. This may not be true given the fact that the internet penetration is still low

especially in the developing world and that secondly different motivations guide the choice

of the mode of shopping and most experiential shoppers. Another issue is that the security

concerns related with online transactions make it difficult for consumers to embrace online

shopping in totality. But provide the option of paying and picking up merchandise at the

nearest pickup locations or store. There has been an integration of both modes in order to

help consumers enjoy benefits that come from both and thus it may be difficult to predict a

total end to offline shopping (Christoffer, 2016).

Literature and Studies in Local Setting

Shopping is probably one of the oldest terms used to talk about what we have all been

doing over the years. This terms would have been used in trading or bartering and probably

even market. Online shopping can includes buying clothes, gadgets, shoes and appliances.

shopping online is very easy way even when it’s too busy to go to an actual mall. Some

consumers can also enjoy window shopping on the internet without enduring/feeling the

pressure to purchase, unlike the traditional shopping environment. Among Filipino

consumers, can expect a steady increase in online shopping and Traditional shopping growth
Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School

in the country. Based on the study Filipinos still can't help to comparing prices when

shopping online. The study showed 90% of Filipinos compared prices of the items they were

buying, without going to the brick-and-mortar stores. Filipino consumers also choose online

shopping sites which store their payment details, citing faster checkouts for their orders

(70%). When shopping online, most Filipinos still prefer desktops and laptops. They usually

make online transactions for education services, travel and sports equipment. According to

(Rhammadesh 2017) 99 percent of Filipinos still enjoy shopping in-store, especially for

grocery or household items. Data shows that Singaporeans have the highest rate of online.

They also hold the second highest record for purchasing event tickets online. These study

states that online shopping is a business that presents a selection of goods and offers to trade

or sell them to customers for money or other goods. Shopping is an activity in which a

customer browses the available goods or services presented by one or more retailers with the

intent to purchase a suitable selection of them. In some contexts, it may be considered a

leisure activity as well as an economic one.

Liceo de Cagayan University Senior High School

Chapter 3

METHODS

This chapter presents the methodology of the study. It discusses about the research

method, the respondents of the study, the research instrument, data gathering procedures, and

the statistical treatment used in the study period.

Research Setting

The subjects of this study are the Grade 11-Accountancy students in Liceo De

Cagayan University in the School Year 2018-2019.

Research Design

The research design we use is the comparative research design. This design is more

appropriate since the goal of this design is to find out why the cases are different: to reveal

the general underlying structure which generates or allows such a variation. In comparative

study, you are examining two (or more) cases, specimens or events. The method is also

versatile, you can use it in detail work as a complement to other methods, or the entire

structure of a research project can consist of the comparison of just a few cases. (HOW HAS

THIS METHOD BEEN USED IN YOUR STUDY? WHY THIS? PLEASE, DO NOT GIVE

ME THE DEFINITION)

Respondents and Sampling Procedure

The respondents of the study are the Grade 11-Accountancy students in Liceo De

Cagayan University in the School Year 2018-2019. The Slovin’s formula is use to determine

the sample size. Slovin’s formula is used to calculate the sample size (n) given the sample
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population (N) and a margin of error (e). Using the Slovin’s formula, out of 218 students

there will be only 42 respondents.

The Research Instrument

The instruments use in the data gathering of data are the survey questionnaires. This

is prepared systematically; it is a form or documentation compose with a several questions

that is related to our research title. It provides organize questions that will provide insight to

our problem under study. It contains group of topics to be answer by the respondents. The

questions are divided into two parts which is personal information and the questions related

to the statement of the problem. (I KNOW WHAT A RESEARCH INSTRUMENT IS. MY

QUESTION IS THAT, HAVE YOU USED OTHER INSTRUMENTS? WHERE DID YOU

GET YOUR INSTRUMENT? WHAT WILL YOU USE? )

Scoring Procedure

The following scoring procedures were used to interpret the data. For us to know

what is the preferred medium to purchase products, the scoring procedure is presented.

Table 1

Scoring Procedure for the Preferred Medium to Purchase Products

Point Value Range Description Interpretation

1 10 Strongly Agree Very Positive

2 Agree Positive

3 2.51-3.25 Strongly Disagree Very Negative

4 3.26-4.00 Disagree Negative

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Data Gathering Procedure

First we will have a permission letter to the teacher to conduct a survey specially

during class hours. Next is to make a questions consist of two parts, first is for the personal

information and the second is related to our topic which is Online Shopping vs. Offline

Shopping. After the survey gather all the data and make interpretation about it.

Statistical Treatment

The following statistical tools were used to organize the data collected for this study.

The response of the Senior High School is statistically analyzing with the data instruments

and data requirements of the study. The use of systematic sampling is also considered

because the respondents are chosen already systematically. (REVISE)