Draft Esia Woldiay Mekele 400kv Edited

woldiya - mekele 400kv/ 230KVs Transmission and substation Project for industry park
ETHIOPIAN ELECTRIC POWER / EEP/ Draft ESIA Document, October 2017
FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA
ETHIOPIAN ELECTRIC POWER
DRAFT ENVIROMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESMENT

(ESIA)
WOLDIYA - MEKELE 400KV/230KV POWER TRANSMISSION
AND SUBSTATION FOR INDUSTRY PARK PROJECT
, PREPARED BY; -
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, SAFETY AND QUALITY
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL OFFICE
OCTOBER 2017
ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page i

Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................. 1
1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 1
1.1. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY ...........................................................................................................................2
1.2. METHODOLOGY ...........................................................................................................................................2
1.2.1. Literature Review .................................................................................................... 2
1.2.2. Field Work ............................................................................................................... 2
1.2.3. Consultation ............................................................................................................. 3
1.3. CHALLENGE AND LIMITATION TO THE STUDY ..............................................................................................3
2. LEGAL, INSTITUTIONAL AND ADMINSTRATION FRAME WORKS ................................. 3
2.1. LEGAL FRAMEWORK....................................................................................................................................3
2.1.1. The Constitution of FDRE ....................................................................................... 3
2.1.2. Environmental Policy of Ethiopia (EPE) ................................................................. 5
2.1.3. Environmental Framework Legislation ................................................................... 5
2.1.3.1. Proclamation on Institutional Establishment for Environmental Protection ........... 5
2.1.4. Legal Framework for Expropriation and Compensation ......................................... 6
2.1.5. World Bank Safeguard policies ............................................................................... 8
2.1.5.4. World Bank Safeguard Policy 17.50- Public Disclosure....................................... 10
2.2. INSTITUTIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORKS ..............................................................................10
2.2.1. Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia ................................................................... 10
2.2.2. Regional Governments ................................................................................................ 11
2.2.3. Ministry of Water, Irrigation and Electricity (MoWIE) .............................................. 11
2.2.4. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) ............................ 11
2.2.5. Ethiopian Electric Power (EEP) .................................................................................. 12
2.2.6. Environmental Health, Safety and Quality/EHS & Quality/, Environmental and
Social Office of EEP .............................................................................................................. 13
3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................................... 14
3.2. FINANCER..........................................................................................................................................................14
3.3. PROJECT COST ...................................................................................................................................................14
3.4. PROJECT LOCATION...........................................................................................................................................14
3.2 .ROUTE DESCRIPTION .........................................................................................................................................15
3.3. TRANSMISSION LINE .........................................................................................................................................16
3.5. TRANSMISSION TOWER AND SUBSTATION AREA ................................................................................................17
3.6. RIGHT OF WAY /ROW/ .....................................................................................................................................18
3.7. ACCESS ROADS .................................................................................................................................................18
3.8. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES............................................................................................................................18
3.8.1. Option I (No - go /do nothing option) ......................................................................... 19
3.8.2. Option II....................................................................................................................... 19
3.8.3. Option III ..................................................................................................................... 19
4. BASELINE INFORMATION ............................................................................................................... 21
4.1. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................................................................21
4.1.1. Topography .................................................................................................................. 21
4.1.2. Climate......................................................................................................................... 21
4.1.3. Land use ................................................................................................................. 22
4.1.4. Soil ......................................................................................................................... 23
4.1.5. Water Resource ...................................................................................................... 23
4.2. BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ......................................................................................................................24
4.2.1. Flora ............................................................................................................................. 24
ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page ii

4.2.2. Fauna............................................................................................................................ 24
4.3. SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT.....................................................................................................................25
4.3.1. Demographic Characteristics ....................................................................................... 25
Table 4.5:- Ethnic and Religious composition in project Affected woreda in north wollo
zone and south tigray zone and sub city. ............................................................................... 26
4.3.2. Ethnic and Religious Composition and Language....................................................... 27
4.3.3. Settlement Pattern, Housing and Household Economy ............................................. 27
4.3.5. Public Services............................................................................................................. 29
4.3.6. Education Services....................................................................................................... 31
4.3.7. Source of Drinking water............................................................................................. 36
4.3.8. Source of energy .......................................................................................................... 36
4.3.9. Transportation Service ................................................................................................. 37
4.6.10. Financial Institutions ................................................................................................. 37
4.6.11. GENDER ISSUES ............................................................................................................................................37
4.6.12. Archeological, Natural, Cultural and Historical Heritage ......................................... 42
5. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO ECONOMIC IMPACT .................................................... 42
5.1. POSITIVE IMPACTS .....................................................................................................................................42
5.1.1. Employment creation and Drive local economic development ............................. 42
5.1.2. Improved Electrical Capacity ................................................................................ 42
5.1.3. Improve community’s quality of life ..................................................................... 42
5.2. NEGATIVE IMPACT .....................................................................................................................................43
5.2.1. Socio Economic Impacts ....................................................................................... 43
5.2.2. Impacts on Biological Environment ...................................................................... 48
5.2.3. Impacts on Physical Environment ......................................................................... 48
6. MITIGATION MEASURES ................................................................................................................. 49
6.1. SOCIO-ECONOMIC .............................................................................................................................................49
6.1.1. Housing and Structure ................................................................................................. 49
6.1.2. Annual Crop Production, Perennial Crop and Trees ................................................... 49
6.1.3. Historical, Cultural, Archaeological and Religious Sites. ........................................... 50
6.1.4. Vulnerable group ......................................................................................................... 50
6.1.5. Noise ............................................................................................................................ 50
6.1.6. Air quality .................................................................................................................... 50
6.1.7. Public Health and Safety ............................................................................................. 50
6.1.8. Sexually Transmitted Infections /STIs/ ....................................................................... 51
6.1.9. Workers’ Health and Safety......................................................................................... 51
6.1.10. Electro Magnetic Fields (EMF) ................................................................................. 51
6.2. BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ......................................................................................................................51
6.2.1. Flora ....................................................................................................................... 51
6.3. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ..........................................................................................................................52
6.3.1. Land ....................................................................................................................... 52
6.3.2. Soil ......................................................................................................................... 52
7. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE ..................................................................... 53
8. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP) ................................... 55
8.1. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT ................................................................................................................55
8.1.1. Pre-construction Phase........................................................................................... 56
8.1.2. Construction Phase ................................................................................................ 56
8.1.3. Operation Phase ..................................................................................................... 57
9. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN ............................................................................. 66
ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page iii

9.1. NOISE LEVEL MONITORING .......................................................................................................................66

9.2. AIR QUALITY .............................................................................................................................................66
9.3. SOIL EROSION MONITORING ......................................................................................................................66
9.4. VEGETATION CLEARING MONITORING ......................................................................................................67
9.5. MONITORING OF ACCIDENTS AND HEALTH ...............................................................................................67
9.6. SOCIAL STATUS .........................................................................................................................................67
9.7. COMPENSATION AND RESETTLEMENT .......................................................................................................68
9.8. MONITORING RESPONSIBLE BODIES ...........................................................................................................68
9.9. MONITORING INDICATORS .........................................................................................................................68
10. ESTIMATED MITIGATION COSTS ............................................................................................. 70
11. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ............................................................................ 75
REFERENCE ............................................................................................................................................ 76
ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page iv

Abbreviations
ADLI Agricultural Development Led Industrialization
Birr Ethiopian Local Currency
CSA Central Statistical Agency
EEP Ethiopian Electric Power
ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan
FDRE Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
CIS Corrugated Iron Sheets
GPS Global Positioning System
GTP Growth Transformation Plan
GW Giga watt
Ha Hectare
HV High Voltage
HIV/AIDS Human Immune deficiency Virus /Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
IPDC Industrial Parks Development Corporation
Km Kilo Meter
Kg kilo gram
ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page v

KV Kilo Volt
KW Kilo watt
LILO Line in line out
MW Mega Watt
MoEFCC Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
MoWIE Ministry of Water, Irrigation and Electricity
OS Operational Safeguard
PAPs Project Affected Persons
PAHs Project Affected households
PPP Public Private Partnership
ROW Right of Way
TL Transmission Line
UNESCO United Nations education, science and culture organization
ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page vi

ANNEXES
ANNEX – I ………………………........ Baseline Data (top ten diseases and archeological sites)
ANNEX – II ……………………………Term of references (TOR)
ANNEX – III …………………………… List of contacted persons
ANNEX – IV--------------------------Minutes of meeting
ANNEX –V ……………………………..Proclamation and Regulation for Compensation and

Expropriation
ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page vii

ETHIOPIAN ELECTRIC POWER / EEP/ woldiya - mekele 400kv/ 230KVs Transmission and substation Project for industry park
Draft ESIA Document, October 2017
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
During the GTP II period, the government of Ethiopia, through IPDC, has plans to construct new
industrial parks in different parts of the country. In addition to mekele industrial parks, while there
are other industrial zones are in Dire Dawa, Hawassa, Combolcha, Addis Ababa, Baherdar, Debre
Birhan, Aysha and Jimma. Those Industrial Parks are mainly constructed with production bases
for building material, electronics, textiles, metallurgy, agriculture and clothing production,
manufacturing industrial zones, shoes, bags and suitcases industry and equipment
manufacturing industry. Since those projects have large power demands, future expected load is
about 1427 MW according to the industrial zones and planning. mekele industrial parks which are
parts of these industry zones solely demands about 117 MW Power supply for the future respectively.
Therefore, Ethiopian Electric Power (EEP) currently proposed to construct woldiya – Mekele 400KV
power transmission projects to meet power demands to industrial Parks and the surrounding.
Industrial park 400kV Ethiopian Electric Power, Environmental and Social office conducted the
ESIA study for the planned projects.
Objective of the Study

The main purpose of this Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) is to identify the
potential environment and social negative impacts and to propose possible mitigation measures to
reduce or avoid the impacts.
METHODS OF STUDY
The study is based on:-
• Review of relevant secondary data like feasibility reports of the proposed projects, related
environmental and social impact assessment (ESIA) documents, important safeguard polices
Ethiopian legislations etc. National policy, legal and administrative framework as well as WB
safeguard polices and legal documents like Proclamation No. 455/2005 on Expropriation of
Landholdings for Public Purposes and Payments of Compensation, Regulation No. 135/2007
Council of Ministers Regulations on the Payment of Compensation for Property Situated on
Landholdings Expropriated for Public Purposes that are relevant to this ESIA study is discussed in
the report.
 Structured questionnaire and
• Interview and consultations
ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page 1

PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Project name
Woldiya -Mekele 400 kV/230kv Power Transmission and substation for industry park Project.
Financer
Import-Export Bank of EX-IM Bank china.
Project cost
Total cost of the transmission line project and extension of substations including Engineering and
administration and contingencies is estimated 191.399 Million USD; of which 42.78 Million USD is
substation cost and the rest 148.618 Million USD is transmission line cost.
Project Location
The proposed Project is located Amhara regional and tigray regional state of Ethiopia. The Amhara
regional State of is located in the north western and north central part of Ethiopia. The State shares
common borders with the state of Tigray in the north, Afar in the east, Oromiya in the south,
Benishangul Gumuz in the south west, and the Republic of Sudan in the west. Tigray regional state
shares common border with Eritrea in the north, amhara region in the south, afar region in the east
and Sudan in the west.
The proposed transmission line project starts from Amhara region north wollo zone woldiya city.
Woldiya city is 522 km from Addis Ababa. The proposed Woldiya- Mekele transmission line and
substation for industry park power supply Project cross two region, three zones ,seven woredas and
four subcity of mekele city and the newly proposed 400kv/230kv substation in hadnet subcity of
mekele and enderta woreda respectively. Line covers total length of 225 km out these 210km
transmission is 400Kv and the remaining 15km is 230 kV. The major aim of this power transmission
and substation project is to establish and provide reliable power supply for newly built mekele
industrial park and industry zone. This Mekele Industry Park is placed on south western part of
Mekele town.

Baseline condition of the projects affected districts
Physical Environment
Topography
The topographic situation of the area can be seen in to two major landform features. Flat and
undulating valley bottom and gentle slope to rolling foot slopes. The first landform covers specially
parts of Raya kobo, Raya alemeta, raya azebo, ayider, hawulti, Adi haki and hadnet subcity and parts
of enderta woreda almost flat and undulating topographic features with slopes ranging 2 -5%
gradient. The second one covers woldiya city Administration, gubalafto woreda, hintalo wajirat with
topography of gently sloping to rolling foot slops and the slope range is between 6-10 %.
The altitudinal range of the study area is between the lowest points of 1360m.a.s.l.at Raya kebo
woreda to the highest point of 3148 m.a.s.l. at hintalo wajirat woreda.
Climate
The largest areas of the project affected districts are found under temperate (Weina Dega) and kola
agro climatic region. The project has the minimum and maximum rain fall 200 and1150mm
o
respectively and the average maximum and minimum temperature varies from 14.2 c–30°c.
Soil
The types of soil existing in the project affected woredas are predominantly sandy and loam in
texture; the most dominant soil type is black and sandy soil.
Biological Environment
Flora and Fauna
Flora and Fauna:- The proposed project area are very low of natural vegetation and the density of
existing cover of vegetation is limited due to urbanization, over cultivation, intense gathering of
woods for fuel and lack of alternative energy sources in sub urban areas.
The major tree species in the two projects site are Acacia Species (Girar), Cactus spp, Prosopice
(Yewoyane zaf), Eucalyptus tree (BahrZaf), Croton macrostachys(Bisana) Cordia africana
(Wanza),Podocarpus . Except Eucalyptus Species and Prosopice (Yewoyane zaf), all stated in the
above are endemic tree species
In the projects area there is no forest cover that suit for wild life habitat. However there are

some wild animals found in the project affected woredas and city i.e. Hyena (Crocuta
crocuta),Warthog (Phacochoerus aethiopicus), Duiker (Sylvicapra grimmia) and Rabbit.The common
bird species in the projects areas are Crow Imperial eagle, Vulture, Falcon, Dove, wood pecker and
Guinea fowl. None of the important birds are found in the project areas.
Socio-economic Environment
Population
About 1,369,160 people are found in Woldiya- Mekele Industry Park 400 kV TL project affected
Woreda and city of which 673,587 are male and 695,572 are female.
Ethnic and Religious Composition and Language: - According to the data obtained from woredas
and city administrations, the major ethnic groups in Woldiya - Mekele Industry Park 400 kV TL
Project area is Tigray, followed by Amhara. There are different numbers of religions followed the
population of the study area however Orthodox religion is the dominant religion. Among the
languages used in the study areas, Amharic, Tigrigna and afan Oromo are major spoken as the first
languages by the population.
Settlement Pattern, Housing and Household Economy: - The settlement pattern of the project area
people in woldiya-mekele Industry park 400 KV TL project is permanent and scattered type.
Most of the houses of the people in the proposed project area are houses of corrugated iron sheet and
some houses are Tukuls with grass roof and wall mud. Sand, wood, CIS, stone, cement, mud and
metal door and window are common materials the people used to build their house.
Agriculture is the primary sources of income and the dominant economic means of employment for
the majority of farmers residing in project affected districts. The people are mainly dependent on
traditional rain fed agriculture. Crop production is the major agricultural activity; in this regard
different annual crops such as Teff, Wheat, Sorghum, Maize, and Barley and Haricot beans and
perennial crop. Sorghum and Teff are the common annual crop in the project affects woredas. While
the people residing closed to the city are engaged in commercial activities, daily labour, workers in
industries, Government and Private Organizations.
Social Services
Health: - There are 4 hospital, 44 health centers, 132 health posts, 37medium clinics, 5 higher clinic,
24 pharmacies and 87 drug stores health service institution in project affected woredas. 1,480health
Professionals working in 333 different health institutions in this project study area.
Education: - An estimated 729 all level schools found in all woldiya – mekele Industry Park 400 kV
TL project affected woreda and city. Among 729 all level schools, 144 are kindergartens, 517are
primary schools (1-8 grade), 35 are high schools (9and10), 23 preparatory schools (11and12 grade),
and 4 TVET and 2 University. In general there are 456,668 students (158,222 male and 298,446
female) and 8,010 teachers (4,792 male and 3,218 female) in educational institutions.
Energy: -In the project area, firewood and kerosene are the primary energy contributors. Most of the
households use firewood, dung and crop residuals for cooking and most of them use kerosene for
lighting while for the people residing in the middle of the city electricity are the primary energy
contributors.
Transport: - Transport is a means movement of goods and services over space and accelerates economic
development of any sector of economy. The presence of road transport and Addis Ababa – Mekele
routes passes through the city of woreda, created strong network among project affected woredas. In
addition there is asphalt, paved and weathered rough road which connects the project affected kebeles
with woredas that facilitating socio-economic activities, relationships and reducing travelling time,
improve livelihood and increased inter connectivity. The modes of transportation are motorcycle,
tricycle/bajaj, cars, minibuses, horse cart and pedestrians. The total coverage of access road in all
project affected woredas are 503.57 km of asphalt,847.27 paved roads, 421.72 km of dry
weather/earthen interconnect kebeles with woreda.
Financial Institutions:-There are governmental, private based banks, credit and saving associations and
micro finances financial institutions in each project affected city and woreda.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS

The proposed 400kv/230 kV transmission line route from Woldiya-Mekele industry park about 210
km in length with a free corridor line of 40 meters width and 15km length of 230kv from Mekele
Industry Park to Mosobo industry zone with a free corridor line of 30meters width will have
temporary and permanent impacts on the existing settlements, farmlands, flora and fauna of the area.
The proposed power transmission project will have both positive and negative impacts on the
biophysical and socio-economic environment.
Positive Impacts
Key potentially beneficial impacts associated with the implementation of the project are:
 Increases electric power reliability and power supply capacity.

 Generate employment opportunities during both construction and operation.
 Boost the Economy of the country through investment and expansion of businesses and
income generation opportunities.
 Enhance women involvement gender involvement to the opportunities created by the project.
Providing clean and affordable energy and promote green economy.
Negative Impacts
Impacts Mitigation measures

Socio economic
Impacts on Housing and Structure
Woldiya- Mekele Industry Park 400kV TL project  EEP will compensate the PAPs with
regard to loss of house. Compensation
A total of 178 housing units owned by 158 will be undertaken as per the regulation.
households will be affected due the transmission line
construction.
Among 178 houses (85 thatched grass roofs with

mud walls and 73 house of corrugated iron sheet
(CIS) with mud and wood wall) and 20 houses with
CIS roofs and stone walls are expected to be
affected due to transmission line.
Impact on Annual Crop land and crop
production  Construction works to be undertaken after
About 854.26ha of crop land will be permanently crop harvest;
and temporarily affected. From total hectare,  compensation for damaged crops,
45.25ha and 6.15ha of agricultural land will be  Awareness campaigns on the use of
affected by the construction of substation and ROW
transmission line respectively,
Totally, there are around 158 households and 0.25ha
of perennial crop land will be affected by ROW.
Impacts on Perennial Crop and Tree
An estimated total number of 67 perennial crops and  Compensation for damaged perennial crop
27,101 trees (10 Cordia africana and 9080 and trees will be undertaken.
Eucalyptus, 5 croton macrostachyus, 17,800 cactus
trees and 206 acacia spp) will be affected.

 During construction time if there is any

Impacts on Historical, Cultural, Archaeological
accidental “chance findings” of some
and Religious Sites.
archaeological artifacts, the workers and
No documented Historical, Cultural, Archaeological contractor shall report to the appropriate
and Religious sites were observed along the authorities.
transmission line.
 The affected vulnerable group shall be
Impacts on Vulnerable Group
considered for additional assistance and
About 96 vulnerable households (40 female headed
help
and 56 elderly male headed) potentially affected by
Woldiya – Mekele Industry Park 400 kV TL project
are identified.
Noise  Noise generating construction time and
Emission of noise from, transporting construction material transportation will be scheduled
materials and equipment to the site, the movement during day time.
of vehicles and the operation of construction  All vehicle and equipment are will be
equipment; however, it will be insignificant impact turning off their engines in rest time.
on the community because the villages are located
far from the site.
Air Quality  Covering stockpiles, spraying water
Dust from excavation, site clearance and movement  limited the vehicles speed
of construction vehicles and air pollution from the  Maintain construction equipment
emission of CO2, NOx and other greenhouse gasses. regularly , burning of waste generated at
the construction sites and domestic solid
waste will be stored in a covered
container and periodically collected by
functional agency to avoid bad odor.
Contractors shall ensure that workers
switch off plant and equipment when not
in use.
Workers’ Health and Safety  Specific and routine safety trainings or

Accident and injures due to construction activities. orientation, a priority should be given to
safety of the workers and the worker
should be used personal protective
equipment /PPE/.
Public Health and Safety  Provide adequate safety orientation to

Vehicle accidents fall from above, hit by objects and local community;
electrocution induced effects from electromagnetic  The vehicle speed should be reduced
fields. and slow in construction site and
residential area,
 Warning signs should be put on around
the construction sites and road near the
construction sites; an employ flag persons
arrange to control traffic and fencing

around the construction
Sexually Transmitted Infections /STIs/  Awareness creation on sexually

Create directly and indirectly chance for transmitted infections, control of informal
transmission of STI. sector activities near the project site and
through distribution of condoms.
Health Effect of Electro Magnetic Fields (EMF)  The proposed 40 meters ROW should be
enforced along the proposed transmission
Direct electric shock and “flashover” from Overhead line route. All habitation and structures
transmission lines due to EMF may cause prolonged should be excluded from the ROW.
and acute health disorders.
Biological Environment
Flora  Vegetation clearance should be applied
Naturally grown and plantation vegetation clearance only on marked bases. Also, re-vegetation
within the ROW. activities should be practised to restore the
cleared vegetation.
Physical Environment
Impact on Land use  If it is possible a plot of land will be
The land use under TL crosses divided in to 854.26 provided and displacement compensation
ha of crop land, 64 ha of bush and shrub land, 8 ha equivalent to as per article 16, sub article
of bare land with gorge 3.2ha scattered forest land (1) 455 proclamations will be paid. But,
and 0.54 ha of land covered by houses. if it is not possible to provide replacement
land, displacement compensation will be
paid ten times the price of the average
yield of crops or perennial crops obtained
from the land.
 Excavation and vegetation clearance will

Impact on Soil
be limited in extent, defined temporary
Soil erosion especially in areas with thin soil
and permanent access routes to be
coverage and during dry and windy periods.
established to avoid damaging the soil
structure in the wider area and
construction vehicles should operate
within the alignment of impact and
appropriate technical construction
methodology will be used to minimize
impact on soil environment.

Public Consultations and Disclosure

Public consultations and meetings were held with PAPs, community elders, religious leader, and
community and also with woreda and city administrations sector offices.
In all the meetings, the discussions were focused on the following major issues:
 Dissemination of information about the project objectives
 Description of the potential project positive and negative impacts on the existing
environment and socio-economic conditions,
 Compensation and expropriation procedures
The main issues rose by PAPs regarding Woldiya – Mekele Industry Park 400 kV TL Project were
appropriate, satisfying and fair compensation and replacement land. They need replacement land and
satisfying compensation before they resettled their land. They expressed positive attitudes and good
impressions on the project; however, they need and proposed the project implementation period to be
before harvesting the crops.
The ESIA will be disclosed in Ethiopia by posted in EEP’s website. Export Import Bank of China
(EXIM) also expected to disclose this ESIA electronically through its website prior to the start of the
project.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN /ESMP/

The Environmental and Social Management Plan /ESMP/ is to consider the implementation of the
recommended mitigations to avoid, minimize or offset adverse impacts and enhance positive impacts.
The implementation responsibility of the ESMP rests on EEP or EEP’s contracted representatives’
.Construction contractor will be responsible for implementing mitigation measures but the ultimate
responsibility to ensure that the proposed mitigation measures lies with EEP.
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

EEP and contractor will have an overall responsibility to oversee that all environmental measures are
put in place and that regulations are enforced. The construction consultant should assist EEP in this
process in order to make sure that the contractor fulfills the environmental and social requirements.
Some relevant stakeholders like the Ministry of Water, Irrigation and Electricity (MoWIE) and
Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) may also conduct joint monitoring
as deemed necessary.

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

This ESIA Study has identified both positive and negative Impacts and their mitigation measures
have been recommended. If these mitigation measures implemented appropriately, it enable the
involved parties to reduce the negative impacts to a minimum. In addition, positive impacts on a
local, regional and national level strongly outweigh than negative impacts therefore, implementation
of these projects are acceptable and recommended.
ESTIMATED MITIGATION COSTS

Estimated total budgets required for implementation of the Environmental and Social Impact
Mitigation for Woldiya – Mekele Industry Parks 400 kV Power Transmission Line Project will be
71,850,612.24 Birr (2,648,382.32USD).

1. INTRODUCTION
To expedite the industrialization process of the economy, industrial park development was introduced
as a primary strategy in GTP I, with a dedicated corporation, the Industrial Parks Development
Corporation (IPDC) established by the Council of Ministers on proclamation number 326/2015.This
strategy is aimed at rapid industrialization that nurtures manufacturing industries accelerates
economic transformation, and promotes and attracts both domestic and foreign investors.
Hence, during the GTP II period, the government of Ethiopia, through IPDC, has plans to construct
new industrial parks in different parts of the country. Between 2016 and 2025, close to 100,000 ha of
land will be developed (10, 000 ha annually), for a total factory floor area of 20 million m2 (2million
m2 annually). During the GTP II period, 7 million m2 of land of industrial parks will be built.
GTP II anticipates about 17,000MWof power will be generated by the end of 2020 in order to address
the growing electricity demand in the country including large power demands of industry parks.
More than 13,000 of 17,000 MW are planned to be developed through public private partnership
modality. This is comprised of, 3,820 MW hydro, 500 MW geothermal, 3,600MW wind and
5,200MW solar energy.
In addition to mekele industrial parks, while there are other industrial zones are in Dire Dawa,
Hawassa, Combolcha, Addis Ababa, Baherdar, Debre Birhan, Aysha and Jimma. Those Industrial
Parks are mainly constructed with production bases for building material, electronics, textiles,
metallurgy, agriculture and clothing production, manufacturing industrial zones, shoes, bags and
suitcases industry and equipment manufacturing industry. Since those projects have large power
demands, future expected load is about 1427 MW according to the industrial zones and planning.
mekele industrial parks which are parts of these industry zones solely demands about 117 MW Power
supply for the future respectively.
Therefore, Ethiopian Electric Power (EEP) currently proposed to construct woldiya mekele 400KV
/230KV transmission line and new 400KV and 230KV substations for Industrial park and mosobo
industry zone respectively to meet power demands in industrial Parks and the surrounding.
Ethiopian Electric Power, Environmental and Social office conducted the ESIA study for the planned
projects. Accordingly, the following team members were assigned and conduct this ESIA study of the
Project:

Mr. Horro Leta ..................... Sociologist

Mr. Addisu Bekele ................ Sociologist
Mr. Bojea Daba .......... Environmentalist
Mr. Girma Tufa ......... Environmentalist
Mr. Ababu Shiferawu .............. Surveyor
Mr. Minasie Merhawi ................ surveyor
1.1. Objective of the Study
General Objective
The main purpose of this Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) is to identify the
potential environment and social negative impacts and to propose possible mitigation measures to
reduce or avoid the impacts.
The Specific Objective of the present ESIA are:
 Identify and assess the environmental and social impacts of the proposed project
 Provide mitigation measures for negative impacts
 Prepare an environmental impact assessment report
 Establish the need for a Full or Abbreviated Resettlement Action.
1.2. Methodology
1.2.1. Literature Review

Relevant literatures were reviewed like feasibility reports of the proposed projects and ESIA report of
bahirdar woldiya kombolcha 400kv industrial Park Transmission Line Project and related
environmental and social impact assessment (ESIA) documents, important safeguarding polices,
national policies and strategies, mandatory proclamations and regulations in respect to the national
constitution were reviewed in accordance.
1.2.2. Field Work
Field surveys were undertaken for this ESIA with in the area that the planned project sites, from
20thaugust to 20th October 2017in order to have insight about the proposed project route alignments,
major socio-economic activities of zone of influences, the existing socio-economic and bio-physical
environment, concerned stake holders’ awareness, attitudes and perceptions towards proposed project
and its route alignment and the project affected people (PAPS) and their immovable properties.
During field work the ESIA study team, identified, the project affected people, the level of the
proposed project impact on the affected people and the environment and the area of the land use that
the transmission line will traverse. For this purpose, interviews were undertaken and structured
questionnaire has been ordered and distributed for officials of woreda and city administrations sector
offices such as, Bureau of Woreda Administrations, Bureau of Finance and Economic
Development , Bureau of Women, Children and Youth Affairs, Bureau of Education, Bureau of
Agriculture and Rural Development ,Bureau of Culture and Tourism, and Bureau of
Environmental Protection and Land Administration to collect information and relevant data to
generate a baseline on demographic characteristics, affected assets, incomes and livelihood activities
etc. Digital camera and Geographic Positioning System (GPS) helped to capture population activities
as well as the physical environment, which are useful to the ESIA study report.
1.2.3. Consultation
The Assessment team conducted consultations with Project Affected Households (PAHs) in the
presence of officials of kebele and city administrations. Further, meetings were held with relevant
government offices such as woreda officials Bureau of Environmental Protection and Land
Administration and Use, Women’s Affair Office, etc.
During the discussion, different environmental and socio-economic effects that most likely will occur
due to the proposed project have been raised and discussed. Moreover, Project Affected Households
major attitudes and opinions towards the proposed project were assessed and recorded.
1.3. Challenge and limitation to the Study
Do to the season of the study, non availability of some Projects affected households and limited
information about them, the difficulty to contact officials, the difficulty to get assets owners (crop,
trees and houses) rates and standards from project affected districts high non response rate of
questionnaires and let response for the distributed questionnaires were challenges to the study and
created shortage of information.
2. LEGAL, INSTITUTIONAL AND ADMINSTRATION FRAME WORKS

2.1. Legal Framework
2.1.1. The Constitution of FDRE
As the supreme law of Ethiopia, all national policies, laws and regulations as well as the institutional
frameworks of the country must comply with the constitutional provisions. The constitution of the
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Proclamation No. 1/1995, contains a number of articles,

which are relevant to environmental matters in connection with development projects, as well as to
the environment in general.
As per FDRE constitution Article 40.2, “Land is a common property of the Ethiopian Nations,
Nationalities and Peoples of Ethiopia and shall not be subject to sale or to other means of exchange”.
Article 40.3 of the constitution provides for the public ownership of both rural and urban land as well
as all natural resources. It further states that land is the common property of Ethiopian people and
cannot be subject to sale or to other means of exchange.
Article 43 gives the right to people to improved living standards and to sustainable development.
Article 44 provides that all persons have the right to live in a clean and healthy environment. And
states in its sub article 1 that: “All persons have the right to live in a clean and healthy environment”.
Furthermore, concerning compensation to project affected people (PAPs), sub article 2 provides that:
“All persons who have been adversely affected or whose rights have been adversely affected as a
result of state programs have the right to commensurate monetary or alternative means of
compensation, including relocation with adequate state assistance”.
Article 40.7 of the constitution states that “every Ethiopian shall have full right to the immovable
property he builds and to the permanent improvements he brings about on the land by his labour or
capital”. It further states, among other things, that the owner of such rights is entitled to
compensation and that the particulars shall be determined by law.
Article 40.8 in turn strengthens this by providing for expropriation of private property by the
Government for public purposes subject to the payment in advance of compensation commensurate to
the value of the expropriated property.
The right of the public and the community to full consultation and participation as well as to the
expression of their views in the planning and implementation of Environmental Policies and
development projects that affect them is enshrined in the constitution (Article 92.3 and 43.2).
In general, the Constitution is the primary regulation on which the other proclamations and
regulations have been based.

2.1.2. Environmental Policy of Ethiopia (EPE)
The Environmental Policy (EP) of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia was approved by the
Council of Ministers in April 1997 (EPA/MEDAC 1997). It is based on the CSE, which was
developed through a consultation process over the period 1989-1995.
The policy has the broad aim of rectifying previous policy failures and deficiencies, which in the past
have led to serious environmental degradation. It is fully integrated and compatible with the overall
long term economic development strategy of the country, known as Agricultural Development Led
Industrialization (ADLI), and other key national policies like the National Population Policy and the
National Policy on Women.
EPE’s overall policy goals may be summarized in terms of the improvement and enhancement of the
health and quality of life of all Ethiopians and the promotion of sustainable social and economic
development through the adoption of sound environmental management principles.
Specific policy objectives and key guiding principles are set out clearly in the EPE, and expand on
various aspects of the overall goal. The policy contains sectoral and cross- sectoral policies and also
has provisions required for the appropriate implementation of the policy itself.
2.1.3. Environmental Framework Legislation
2.1.3.1. Proclamation on Institutional Establishment for Environmental Protection
The proclamation for the establishment of Environmental Protection Organs, No. 295/2002, was
issued to establish a system that fosters coordinated but differentiated responsibilities among
Environmental Protection Agencies at Federal and Regional levels. The proclamation recognizes
assigning responsibilities to separate organizations for environmental development and management
activities on the one hand and environmental protection, regulations and monitoring on the other, is
instrumental for the sustainable use of environmental resources, thereby avoiding possible conflicts of
interests and duplication of efforts.
2.1.3.2. Proclamation on Environmental Impact Assessment
The primary aim of the proclamation on Environmental Impact Assessment (No. 299/2002) is to
make ESIA mandatory for specified categories of activities undertaken either by the public or private
sectors and possibly, the extension of ESIA to policies, plans and programs.

2.1.3.3. Proclamation on Environmental Pollution Control
The proclamation on Environmental Pollution Control No. 300/2002 is mainly based on the right of
each citizen to live in a healthy environment, as well as the obligation to protect the environment of
the country. The primary objective of the proclamation is to provide the basis from which the relevant
ambient environmental standards applicable to Ethiopia can be developed and to make the valuation
of these standards a punishable act. The proclamation states that the “polluter pays” principle will be
applied to all persons. Under this proclamation, EPA is given the authority to ensure implementation
and enforcement of environmental standards and related requirement to inspectors assigned by EPA
or Regional Environmental Agencies.
2.1.3.4. FDRE Rural Land Administration and Land Use Proclamation No.
456/2005
The Rural Land Administration and Land use Proclamation No.456/2005.The Constitution of FDRE
leaves the detailed implementation of the provisions concerning use rights over rural land to be
determined by subsequent specific laws to be issued at both the federal and regional levels.
Accordingly, at the federal level, the Rural Land Administration and Land use Proclamation
(Proclamation No.456/2005) was enacted in 2005 to further determine the land use system and use
rights in the country. The Proclamation provides that land administration laws to be enacted by
regions should be based on the provisions provided therein and specifies the basic principles of rural
land distribution and utilization including the scope of land use right which Regional laws should
grant.
2.1.4. Legal Framework for Expropriation and Compensation
2.1.4.1. Expropriation of Land Holdings for Public Purposes and Payment of

Compensation Proclamation No. 455/2005
Proclamation No.455/2005 has several articles on determination of compensation, on displacement

compensation, valuation procedures, property valuation committees, and on complaints and appeals
in relation to compensation.
In part two, article 3, No.1 of the proclamation it states that; “ A woreda or an Urban Administration
shall, up on payment in advance of compensation in accordance with this proclamation, has the power
to expropriate rural or urban land holdings for public purpose where it believes that it should be used
for a better development project to be carried out by public entities, private investors, cooperative
societies or other organs, or where such expropriation has been decided by the appropriate higher

regional or federal government organ for the same purpose”.

The proclamation also states that in urban areas PAPs will be provided with a plot of land (land for
land compensation) for their expropriated land to be used for the construction of house and also be
paid with compensation for displacement.
Regarding the determination of compensation in part three, article 7 of this proclamation

(Proclamation No. 455/2005), the basis and amount of compensation is clearly explained. In article of
sub article 1, a land holder whose holding has been expropriated shall be entitled to payment of
compensation for his property situated on the land and for permanent improvements he made such
land.
Article 7(2) states that the amount of compensation for property situated on the expropriated land
shall be determined on the basis of replacement cost of the property
Under Article 8(1) of Proclamation No. 455/2005, a survival landholder whose land holding has been
permanently expropriated shall in addition to the compensation payable under Article 7 of this
proclamation be paid displacement compensation, which shall be equivalent to ten times the average
annual income he secured to bring the five years preceding the expropriation of the land.
Woreda or urban administration has to notify in writing to the entity (which is either an individual
oran organization) to be expropriated indicating the time not less than 90 days when the land has to
be vacated and the amount of compensation to be paid.
A rural land holder, where his land does not have any crop or other property on the expropriated land
should hand over within 30 days.
The proclamation also clarifies how utility lines that are owned and provided by Federal or Regional
government offices, or by a public enterprise should be treated and compensated. Utility lines could
only be removed from expropriated land by payment of compensation. The project owner has the
responsibility to inform the utility provider in writing by indicating the exact location of the lines that
will be removed.
The utility provider is responsible in determining the amount of compensation which is required for
replacing the lines within 30 days of notice; and the body which requested the removal of utility line
has also to pay compensation within 30 days from the date of the receipt of the valuation.

2.1.4.2. FDRE Council of Ministers Regulation No. 135/2007
The Council of Ministers Regulation No. 135/2007 is issued on the payment of compensation for
property situated on land holdings expropriated for public purposes, for the proper implementation of
the proclamation No. 455/2005. This regulation was issued for the purpose of not only paying
compensation but also to assist displaced persons to restore their livelihood.
This regulation set forth details to determine the amount of compensation for different assets found
on land holdings expropriated for public purpose and stipulated the formula to calculate the amount
of compensation payable for different assets.
The regulation recognizes that land replacement should be made for urban and rural lands. In rural
areas if land replacement is not possible for permanently affected land, PAPs will be compensated
for the affected perennial crops ten times of the annual production. For temporary impact the
amount of compensation will be calculated by the number of years the land is occupied by the
project.
In both permanent and temporary loses of land, the Council of Ministers’ Regulation fails to assess
and provide compensation for income restoration. It also does not recognize squatters or those per-
sons who can’t provide evidence of possession for the land they have been cultivating or have built
houses.
2.1.5. World Bank Safeguard policies

The World Bank’s safeguard policies are designed to ensure that projects proposed for Bank
financing are environmentally and socially sustainable. The Policies will be triggered by the proposed
projects are highlighted.
2.1.5.1. World Bank Safeguard Policy 4.01-Environmental Assessment
The environmental assessment process provides insights to ascertain the applicability of other WB
safeguard policies to specific projects. This is especially the case for the policies on natural habitats,
pest management and physical cultural resources that are typically considered within the EA process.
The policy describes an environmental assessment (EA) process for the proposed project. The policy
encourages preventive measures over mitigation or compensatory measures, whenever feasible.
The operational principles of the policy require the environmental assessment process to
Undertake the following:
Stakeholder consultation before and during project implementation

Engage service of independent experts to undertake the environmental assessment

Provide measures to link the environmental process and findings with studies of economic,
financial, institutional, social and technical analysis of the proposed project.
Develop program for strengthening of institutional capacity in environmental management
The World Bank Operational Policy (OP) specifies that a high voltage transmission line project can
be categorized in “A” or “B” group, depending on the anticipated severity of impacts. Transmission
projects categorized in “A” usually require a full ESIA study as the project may have diverse and
significant environmental impacts. Those in category”B” pose medium impacts and require moderate
environmental analysis. Based on the category of World Bank, the Environmental and Social Impact
Assessment process for the proposed project fall in to category “A”.
2.1.5.2. Physical Cultural Resources (OP/BP 4 .11)
This policy addresses PCR, which are defined as movable or immovable objects, sites, structures,
groups of structures, and natural features and landscapes that have archeological, paleontological,
historical, architectural, religious, aesthetic, or other cultural significance. They may be located in
urban or rural settings, and may be above or below ground or under water. Their cultural interest may
be at the local, provincial, or national level, or within the international community.
The policy aims to assist in preserving PCR and in avoiding their destruction or damage. PCR
includes resources of archeological, paleontological, historical, architectural, and religious (including
graveyards and burial sites), aesthetic, or other cultural significance.
This policy is triggered as a precautionary measure if the proposed projects come up with activities
implemented in areas potentially containing physical cultural resources. In that instance, the Policy
bases itself on investigating and inventorying any chance findings and cultural resources
potentially affected.
2.1.5.3. Resettlement Operational Safeguards (OP/BP 4.12)
Paragraph 3 of OP 4.12 describes the coverage of the policy: “direct economic and social impacts that
both result from Bank-assisted investment projects, and are caused by
(a) The involuntary taking of land resulting in
 relocation or loss of shelter;

 loss of assets or access to assets; or
 loss of income sources or means of livelihood, whether or not the affected persons must

move to another location; or

(b) The involuntary restriction of access to legally designated parks and protected areas resulting in
adverse impacts on the livelihoods of the displaced persons.”
The objectives of the policy include:
• Prevent or minimize involuntary displacement whenever possible;
• Design and implement resettlement as a sustainable development program;
• Pay for lost assets at replacement cost;
• Restore peoples’ capacity to earn a living and their community ties;
• Components necessary to realize project objectives are covered regardless of the source of
financing;
• Resettlement costs are considered part of project costs.
2.1.5.4. World Bank Safeguard Policy 17.50- Public Disclosure
This OP encourages Public Disclosure (PD) or Involvement as a means of improving the planning
and implementation process of projects. This procedure gives responsibility to regional, woreda and
kebele administrations in monitoring and managing the environmental and social impacts of
development projects particularly those impacting on natural resources and local communities. The
policy provides information that ensures that effective PD is carried out by project proponents and
their representatives.
The proposed project incorporates public and stakeholders’ consultation as part of the ESIA studies in
order to collect their views.
2.2. Institutional and Administrative Frameworks
The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE) was formally established on August 21, 1995.
The FDRE comprises of the Federal states with nine Regional State members.
The following paragraphs discuss the institutional and administrative frameworks at the federal and
regional level and organizations responsible for the preparation of environmental policy and technical
guidelines.
2.2.1. Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE) comprises of the Federal State and nine
Regional States. The power and duties of the Federal, Regional and Local governments have been
defined by proclamation numbers 33 of 1992, 41 of 1993 and 4 of 1995. Under these proclamations,
duties and responsibilities of Regional States include planning, directing and developing social and
economic development programs, as well as the protection of natural resources of their respective
regions.
2.2.2. Regional Governments
Amhara national Regional state is bordered with Tigray in the north, Afar in the east, Oromia in the
South, Benshangul Gumuz and Sudan in the west. The total area of the region is 161,828.4 km2.The
region is organized in ten zonal administrations, three nationalities administration and three
metropolitan cities. Amharic and afan oromo (in kamise special zone) are the official language of the
region.
Tigray regional state is bordered with Eritrea in the north, amhara region in the south, afar region in
the east and Sudan in the west. Total area of the region is 41,409.95 km2.The region is organized in
six zonal administrations and one special zone. Tigrigna is the official language of the region
2.2.3. Ministry of Water, Irrigation and Electricity (MoWIE)
The Ministry of Water, Irrigation and Electricity is the regulatory body for the energy sector. Based
on the delegation from EPA, the whole draft ESIA document will be submitted to the Ministry for
reviewing purpose, and then they will give their comments and recommendations and finally provide
approval /certify the implementation of the project and monitoring the performance of the
development project will also be undertaken by the Ministry.
2.2.4. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC)
The rights and obligations of the Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) reestablished under the
existing Proclamation No. 295/2002 will be transferred to the newly Ministry of Environment and
Forest in 29th July 2013 by Proclamation No 803/2013.
Ministry of environment, forest and climate change has the following powers and duties:
 Coordinate measures to ensure that the environment objectives provided under the
constitution and the basic principles set out in the environmental policy of Ethiopia are
realized
 Establish a system for environmental impact assessment of public and private projects, as well
as social and economic development policies, strategies, laws and programmes;

 Prepare a mechanism that promotes social, economic and environmental justice and channel
the major part of any benefit derived thereof to the affected communities to reduce emissions
of greenhouse gases that would otherwise have resulted from deforestation and forest
degradation;
 coordinate actions on soliciting the resources required for building a climate resilient green
economy in all sectors and at all governance levels as well as provide capacity building
support and advisory services;
 Establish a system for the evaluation of the environmental impact assessment of investment
projects submitted by their respective proponents by the concerned sectoral licensing organ or
the concerned regional organ prior to granting a permission for their implementation in
accordance with the Environmental impact Assessment Proclamation
 Take part in the negotiations of international environmental agreements and, as appropriate,
initiate a process of their ratification;
 Establish an environmental information system that promotes efficiency in environmental data
collection, management and use;
 Promote and provide non-formal environmental education program and cooperate with
competent organs with a view to integrating environmental concerns in the regular
educational curricula.
2.2.5. Ethiopian Electric Power (EEP)
The Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation (EEPCo) is divided in to two separate entities in
mid-December 2013, the Ethiopian Electric Power (EEP) and Ethiopian Electric Utility
(EEU). Accordingly council of ministers regulation No,302/2013 EEP has defined its long
term strategies so as to support the endeavors of the Federal Government of Ethiopia in
promoting social and economic progress in all parts of the country. These purposes are
generally focused on:
 To undertake feasibility studies, design and survey of electricity generation,
transmission and substation; to contract out such activities to consultant as
required.
 To undertake electricity generation, transmission and substation construction

and upgrading; to contract out such works to contractors as required.
 To handle electricity generation and transmission operational and

maintenance activities.
 To lease electricity transmission lines as required
 To sell bulk electric power
 To undertake universal electricity access works
 In line with directives and policy guide lines issued by the ministry of
finance and economic development ,to sell and pledge bonds and to
negotiate and sign loan agreements with loan local and international
financial source.
 To undertake any other related activities necessary for attainment of its

purpose.
2.2.6. Environmental Health, Safety and Quality/EHS & Quality/, Environmental and
Social Office of EEP
Environment and Social is one of the functional areas of EEP to address the major environmental and
social issues in the power sector development. The team works to make the power generation and
transmission construction environmentally and socially sound and sustainable. It works in line with
the environmental proclamations, policies and international conventions enforcing EEP to comply.
The major task of the Environment and Social Office is to conduct periodic monitoring in power
projects and operational activities of EEP, Environmental and Social impact Assessment (ESIA) and
Resettlement Action Plan (RAP). The team ensures whether or not the EEP power projects are
complying with the approved environmental and social management plan and undertaking the
appropriate mitigation measures accordingly.

ETHIOPIAN ELECTRIC POWER / EEP/ woldiya mekele 400kv/230kv Transmission and
substation Project for industry park
3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
3.1 project name
Woldiya -Mekele 400 kV/230kv Power Transmission and substation for industry park Project.
3.2. Financer
Import-Export Bank of EX-IM Bank china.
3.3. Project cost

Total cost of the transmission line project and extension of substations including Engineering and
administration and contingencies is estimated 191.399 Million USD; of which 42.78 Million USD is
substation cost and the rest 148.618 Million USD is transmission line cost.
3.4. Project Location
The proposed Project is located Amhara regional and tigray regional state of Ethiopia. The Amhara
regional State of is located in the north western and north central part of Ethiopia. The State shares
common borders with the state of Tigray in the north, Afar in the east, Oromiya in the south,
Benishangul Gumuz in the south west, and the Republic of Sudan in the west. Tigray regional state
shares common border with Eritrea in the north, amhara region in the south, afar region in the east
and Sudan in the west.
The proposed transmission line project starts from Amhara region north wollo zone woldiya city.
Woldiya city is 522 km from Addis Ababa. The proposed Woldiya- Mekele transmission line and
substation for industry park power supply Project cross two region, three zones ,seven woredas and
four subcity of mekele city and the newly proposed 400kv/230kv substation in hadnet subcity of
mekele and enderta woreda respectively. Line covers total length of 225 km out these 210km
transmission is 400Kv and the remaining 15km is 230 kV. The major aim of this power
transmission and substation project is to establish and provide reliable power supply for newly built
mekele industrial park and industry zone. This Mekele Industry Park is placed on south western part
of Mekele town.

Woldia- Mekeke
transmission line for
industry zone power
supply Project
Location Map
Location Map -1. Woldiya- Mekele transmission line for industry zone power supply Project.
3.2 .Route Description

The proposed Woldiya- mekele transmission line and substation for industry park power supply
Project is located in the northern part of the country. The line starts from woldiya substation and
traverses three zones, seven woredas four subcity of mekele city and 37 kebeles .Namely; north
wollo zone, (woldiya woreda , gubalafto woreda and raya kobo woreda)from south tigray zone(
enderta woreda, hintalo wajjirat woreda, raya azebo woreda and raya alemata woreda) from mekele
special zoneit traverse through (hadnet subcity, adi haki subcity, hawalti subcity and ayder sub city)
 Woldiya woreda (addis alem , 010 gola mechare, 09 mehal mechare and abba birille),
 Gubalafto woreda (07 dawudi, guba arja, qehe adami and doro gibir),

 Raya kobo woreda (020 gobeye, 03 golasha and 04 jarote),
From south tigray zone,
 Raya alamata Woreda( tao gebriel, mekealdi, selam bakalsi, gende wolde , karawore, harle,
barbere, and alemata),
 Raya azebo Woreda (tate, wargula,kara, adishabo)
 Hintalo wajirat Woreda (agereselam, sababura , bahar thesaba and adikeyya )
 Enderta woreda (mahabere genet, adi kasha, simbar )
From mekekel special zone
 Hadnet subcity ( kalkel debri, 05 kebele)

 Adi haki subcity (maywayni, debri, 04 )
 Hawalti subcity (08 kebele)
 Ayder subcity (02 kebele)
3.3. Transmission Line

210km 400KV double circuit transmission line from Woldiya to mekele Industry Park Substation
and 15km 230kv transmission line from mekele industry park to mosobo substation.
For this particular project the main components are
Extend 210 km double circuit 400kV twin AAAC ASTER 851 transmission line from
Woldia II to Mekle Industry park substation with switchable 60 Mvar shunt
Reactors at Mekele Industry park substation. The whole line is erected with
double-loop and dual ground wires, one normal ground wire and the other one is
48-core OPGW wires;
· Newly built MOSOBO INDUSTRY ZONE SUBSTATION– MEKELE INDUSTRY PARK
230
KV double-circuit transmission line, which is about 15 km long. The whole line is
erected with double-loop and single ground wire, which is a 48-core OPGW wire,
and double-bundle AAAC twin Ash 180.7 mm2 conductors are proposed;
· MEKELE INDUSTRY PARK 400/230/33/15 kV newly built substation

Bus Bar Configuration

400 kV double bus and half bus bar system
230 kV double bas bar system
Transformer Configuration
2 x 400/230kV, 500 MVA
2 x 230/33 kV, 125 MVA
2 x 230/15 kV, 50 MVA
Line bays
For 400 kV
Woldia II bay I
Woldia II bay II
Future 1
Future 2
For 230 kV
o Mosobo Industry zone 1
o Mosobo Industry zone 2
o Future 1
o Future 2
Transformer bays
For 400 kV side
o 400/230 KV, Autotransformer 1 bay
For 230 kV side
o 230/33 KV, Power Transformer 1 bay
Bus coupler bay
o230kV coupler bay
Number of feeders
o 8 x 33 kV feeders
o 10 x 15 kV feeders
Compensation equipment
o 2 x 60 MVAr switchable shunt reactor at 400 kV line
o 2 x 15 MVAr switchable shunt capacitor at 33 kV bus
bar
o 2 x 15 MVAr switchable shunt capacitor at 15 kV bus bar
3.5. Transmission Tower and substation area

The towers shall be self-supported steel lattice type double circuit towers. Lattice structures tend to
be used in rural open, unpopulated areas where spans can be lengthened. Towers come in many
small pieces. Each of the many pieces must be separately manufactured. At the site, each piece must

be tracked, accounted for and assembled in to the finished tower. Tower loading should be
calculated according to IEC60826 and EN 50341-1. All the towers will be designed for long basic
spans, thus reducing the costs for steel and insulators considerably 230 kV and 400 kV double
circuit transmission line tower structures.
The average spans between the two towers will be 350 meters. Approximately about 643
transmission towers will be erected and the area permanently occupied by tower pads/foundation.
For 400 kV transmission 600 tower pads will occupy approximately.

 600 towers x 10 m x 10m ÷ 10,000 =6 ha
For 230kv transmission line 43 towers will occupy the land
 43 towers x 6m x 6m ÷ 10,000 = 0.15 ha
Totally,6.15 ha will be affected by 225 tower pads/foundation.
3.6. Right of Way /ROW/

According to the Ethiopian Electricity Agency directives of overhead electric line clearance 40m
wide ROW is required for 400 kV and 30m for 230kV.
 210 km * 40 m = 840 ha
 15 km *30m = 45 ha
Totally 885ha of land will be required. Dwelling houses and vegetation higher than 8 meter shall not
be allowed grown within the ROW. But, the land beneath the overhead lines can continue to be used
normally by the owner for grazing and plowing. The ROW is required to ensure the safe
construction, maintenance and operation of the power line.
3.7. Access Roads
Access roads for vehicles are usually required to be established to allow access during construction
and operation /maintenance phases. Totally, it is estimated 4.05 ha of land for permanent and
temporary access road construction.
3.8. Analysis of Alternatives

In terms of ESIA regulations, it is required to demonstrate that feasible alternatives for the project

have been considered and evaluated in terms of social, biophysical, economic and technical
factors.To supply the requested power for Mekele Industry Park and surrounding areas the newly
planned Mekele Industry Park 400 kV power transmission project considers the following options:
3.8.1. Option I (No - go /do nothing option)

The no-go or do-nothing alternative is the option of not undertaking any proposed project. In the
case of the construction of the proposed projects, there would not be both positive and negative
impacts associated with the no-go /do-nothing alternative.
However, EEP has the responsibility to generate and supply electricity to consumers throughout the
country and therefore requires maintaining a national grid with a reliable supply of electric power
all over the country.
To ensure reliable power supply throughout the country, EEP aimed to increase its generating
capacity and reinforce the existing transmission systems. Currently, EEP is striving to undertake
abundant expansion and generation projects.
If this project is not constructed, the power generated will not be transmitted to the national grid and
the national grid will not be able to function at full-expected capacity. Consequently, the long term
economic development plan of the country would be compromised and slowed down. Therefore,
no-go / do-nothing option is rejected and is not a feasible option.
3.8.2. Option II
The second option will be to interconnect Mekele Industry park substation from Mekele substation
by constructing 15 km double circuit 230 kV transmission line from Mekele substation to Mekele
Industry park substation and construct one new 230/33/15kv substation at Mekele IndustryPark
3.8.3. Option III

The third option will be to interconnect Mekele Industry park substation from Woldiya 400kv
substations and connect with mekele Industry park substation by constructing 210 km double circuit
400kv transmission line from Woldiy
a substation and 15 km double circuit 230 kV transmission line from Mekele Industry park
substation to Mosobo Industry zone to substation

The line route and environmental considerations as accounted for this study is based on, the map of
the area and the availability of accesses road for maintenance and construction. The aim of the study
has been to assess the technical and economic viability, and environmental acceptability of the line
route for 210km 400KV double circuit transmission line from woldiya substation to mekele Industry
Park Substation and 15km 230kv transmission line from mekele industry park substation to mososbo
industry zone substation. In this relation, it is expected that different studies of different discipline
should address legislation requirements, physical, biological and human environmental
considerations, urban development as well as design, construction, maintenance and reliability
considerations.
Transmission line routes are mostly selected along roads to facilitate ease of construction and
maintenance. Some damage will be inevitable during construction; the responsible body shall
consider allocating adequate budget for compensation justified by Environmental and Social Impact
Assessment study (ESIA) and resettlement action plan (RAP).
From the above three options the third one is environmental, socio-economically and technically
reliable to supply the requested power for industry park and to strength the Northern areas of the
country by considering future expansion of the regional grid.
Thus, Route option III is preferred in this environmental impact assessment report.

ETHIOPIAN ELECTRIC POWER / EEP/ woldiya –mekele 400kv /230kv Transmission line and substation Project
4. BASELINE INFORMATION
4.1. Physical Environment
4.1.1. Topography
The topographic situation of the area can be seen in to two major landform features. Flat and
undulating valley bottom and gentle slope to rolling foot slopes. The first landform covers specially
parts of Raya kobo, Raya alemeta, raya azebo, ayider,hawulti,Adi haki and hadnet subcity and parts
of enderta woreda almost flat and undulating topographic features with slopes ranging 2 -5% gradient.
The second one covers woldiya city Administration, gubalafto woreda, hintalo wajirat with
topography of gently sloping to rolling foot slops and the slope range is between 6-10 %.
The altitudinal range of the study area is between the lowest points of 1360m.a.s.l.at Raya kebo
woreda to the highest point of 3148 m.a.s.l. at hintalo wajirat woreda.
4.1.2. Climate
In a mountainous tropical country like Ethiopia altitude is by far the most important factor in
controlling climate. It affects distribution of both temperature and rainfall. Generally, regions between
1500 - 2300 m a.s.l. (categorized as 'woina dega' or sub tropical climate) have temperatures that range
between 15 - 20oC, areas between 500 – 1500 m a.s.l.(i.e. 'kola' or tropical climate) have 20 -30oC and
areas below 500m a.s.l. (i.e. 'bereha' or desert climate) have a temperature of 30oC and above.
The project area covers three of the agro climatic zones. i.e., cool (Dega), temperate (Weina Dega),
and hot (Kolla). Based on the information gathered, most of the proposed projects affected districts
are found under the woina dega and kola agro climatic region.
Woldiya- Mekele Industry Park 400 KV power transmission line project affected city and woreda area
has the minimum and maximum rain fall 200 and 1150mm .The average maximum and minimum
temperature varies from 14.2°c -30°c at project affected woreda. The highest temperatures are during
months of March, April, May and June where as November, December and January have low
temperature and the rainy season is in months of July and August.

Table 4.1:- Agro climatic zone and climate of the project affected woredas and city.
Projects Woredas and Agro climatic zones In % Mean Mean Altitude/

City Cool Temperate Hot annual annual m.a.s.l
(Dega) (Weina (Koll Rainfall Temperatur
Deg) a e
woldiya 1 94 5 NA 260c 2200m
Woldiya-Mekele Industry Park400
Guba lafto 37 46 17 NA NA NA
Raya kebo 3 29 38 NA 23.70c- 1360-2300m
Raya alemeta NA 28.3 71.7 NA 27.50c 1800-3100m
Raya azebo NA 5 15 500mm 240c 1400-2230m
kV Power TLProject
Intalo wajirat 13.75 63.75 22.5 933.75m NA 3148m

m
Enderta NA NA NA NA 240c NA
Hadnet sub city NA 100 NA 500mm 140c 2382m
Adi haki NA NA NA 280mm 270c NA
Hawulte NA NA NA NA NA NA
Ayider NA NA NA NA 27.50c NA
Source: Project affected woredas and subcity administrations offices.
4.1.3. Land use
The existing land use types of Woldiya- Mekele Industry Park 400kV Power TL Project affected
woreda and city are cultivated land, Forest land, grazing land, uncultivated land, buildup, bush and
shrub land and the land cover with water bodies and wet land while the present land use system of
Mekele Industry Park400 kV Power TL Project affected Woredas in importance order are bush and
shrub, cultivated land, uncultivated, grazing, buildup and forest land.
The general land use types in the projects woredas and city are discussed in table 4.2.

Table 4.2:- Land pattern and Land use coverage in the project affected woredas and city.
Projects Woredas Land use types/ ha
and City Cultivated Grazing Forest Bush Water Wetlan Buildup Un
land land and bodies ds land cultivated
shrub
Woldiya 2671 569 2354 409 NA NA NA 565
woldiya- mekele Industry Park 400 kV Power TLProject
Guba lafto 36,113.8 10,817.03 27,593.69 3143.9 NA NA NA 21,019.08

Raya kebo 278.52 44,614.7 29,334.9 - 17 NA 13,536.55 52583.05
Raya 144.6 9031.66 16,717.3 NA NA NA 7,771 4747.94
alemeta
Raya 43,279 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
azebo
Hintalo 55,548.26 3112.17 5951.28 6803.67 1080.21 475.46 16,111.04 16,262.53
wajirat
Enderta 21,896.75 2,716.5 23,878 6219.5 NA NA NA 76655.26
Hadnet 370 170 1239 1677 8 2.5 752 2184
Adi haki 65.5 9.5 105 165 NA NA 514.5 48.5
Hawulite 205.75 95 200 NA NA NA NA NA
Ayider NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Total 160,573.2 71,135.56 107,373.2 18418.07 1,105.21 477.96 38,685.09 174,065.4
Source: Projects affected woredas and city agricultural and land administration offices, 2017.
4.1.4. Soil
The types of soil existing in the proposed projects districts are predominantly sandy and loam in
texture. The most dominant soil type in the Woldiya – Mekele Industry Park 400 kV TL project study
area is black and sandy soil. Even though the area coverage is very low, there are also other types of
soils, these are black soil, gray soil and red soil.
4.1.5. Water Resource

The Major rivers in the projects area are Tikur wuha, Abba Kolishe, Gumrar,Golina, Aluha, Weylet
,Amidi, Hormat, Gobu, Grab Guguf, Fokus.

4.2. Biological Environment

4.2.1. Flora
The proposed project area are very low of natural vegetation and the density of existing cover of
vegetation is limited due to urbanization, over cultivation, intense gathering of woods for fuel and
lack of alternative energy sources in sub urban areas.
The major tree species in the two projects site are Acacia Species (Girar), Cactus spp, Prosopice
(Yewoyane zaf), Eucalyptus spp(BahrZaf), (Bisana) Croton macrostachys), Cordia africana
(Wanza),Podocarpus . Except Eucalyptus Species and Prosopice (Yewoyane zaf), all stated in the
above are endemic tree species.
4.2.2. Fauna
Wildlife availability depends on the extent of vegetation cover in an area. In the projects area there is no
forest cover that suit for wild life habitat. However there are some wild animals found in the project
affected woredas and city. Common wild animals currently existing in the projects woredas and city are
stated in the table 4.3 below.
The common bird species in the projects areas are Crow Imperial eagle, Vulture, Falcon, Dove, wood
pecker and Guinea fowl. None of the important birds are found in the project areas.
Table 4.3:- wildlife resources in the study area
Projects Woredas Hyena Black- Anubis baboon Warthog Duiker Bush buck Rabbit
and city (Crocuta backed (Papio anubis) (Phacochoeru (Sylvicapr (Tragelaph
crocuta) jackal (Canis s aethiopicus a grimmia) us scriptus)
mesoneral)
Woldiya- woldiya    - - - 
Mekele Guba   - - - - 
Industry
lafto
Park 400 kV Raya kebo  - - - - - 
Power Raya   - - - - 
TLProject
alemeta
Raya   - - - - 
azebo
Hintalo  -  -  - 
wajirat
Enderta       
Hadnet  - - - - - 
Adi haki  -  -  - 
Hawulte   - - - - 

Ayider  - - -- - - -
Source: Projects affected woredas and city agricultural and land administration offices, 2017.
4.3. Socio-Economic Environment

4.3.1. Demographic Characteristics
About 1,369,160 people are found in Woldiya- Mekele Industry Park 400 kV TL project affected
Woreda and city of which 673,587 are male and 695,572are female.
Table 4.4: - Population size by sex distribution of project Woredas and City.
Projects Region Zone Woredas and Total population
city Male Female Total
Woldiya 38,167 37,279 75,446
Guba lafto 84,816 80,458 165,274

Woldiya- Mekele Industry Park 400 kV Power
Amhara Northern
wollo zone Raya kebo 118,898 118,599 237,497
Raya alemeta 49,500 50,514 100,014

Raya azebo 81,387 82,490 163,877
Tigray Southern Hintalo wajirat 87,871 90,856 178,727
Tigray zone Enderta 68,131 81,425 149,556
Mekele Hadnet 39,233 40,833 80,066

city Adi haki 29,592 29,488 59,080
TLProject
Hawulte 42,533 47,740 90,273

Ayider 33,459 35,890 69,350
Total 673,587 695,572 1,369,160
Source: Project affected woredas and subcity administrations offices.

Table 4.5:- Ethnic and Religious composition in project Affected woreda in north wollo zone and
south tigray zone and sub city.
Zone Woredas/City Religious Composition in Ethnic Composition in Language
% %
Protestant 1.5 Amara Amaric
Orthodox 56.65 Tigre afar
Woldiya
Islam 37.79 Afar Tigregna
other 3.9 Agaw and oromo Afan Oromo
Protestant - - - - -
North wollo
Orthodox - - - - -
Guba lafto
Islam - - - - -
Catholic - - - - -
Orthodox 83.16 Amara 93
Islam 16.8 Tigre 6
Raya kebo
Catholic - Oromo 0.1
others 0.16 Afar 0.9
Zone Woredas/City Religious Composition in % Ethnic Composition Language %

in %
Protestant - Tigre 62.19 Tigre 61.36
Orthodox 80.27 Amara 33.91 Amara 36.48
Raya alemeta Islam 19.68 Oromo 2.24 Afan oromo 1.36
Catholic Others 1.6 others 0.8
Protestant NA Tigre 87.21 Tigregna
Orthodox 69.9 Amara 9.77 Amarigna
Raya azebo Islam 30 Afar 1.55 Afar
others 0.6 Oromo 1.4 Afan oromo
South tigray zone
Protestant - Tigre 99.99 Tigre

Orthodox 99
Hintalo wajirat Islam 1
Catholic -
Enderta Protestant 0.5 Tigre 99 Tigregna
Orthodox 97 Amara 1 Amaric

Islam 2
Catholic 0.5
Hadnet Protestant - - - Tigregna -
Orthodox - - - Amarigna -
Islam - - - Erobigna -
Catholic - - - -
Adi haki Protestant - - - - -
Orthodox - - - - -
Islam - - - - -
Catholic - - - - -
hawulte Protestant - - - - -
Orthodox 70 Tigre - Tigregna -
Islam 30 - - - -
Catholic - - - - -
Ayider protestant 5 Tigre Tigregna 70
-
orthodox 70 Amara - Amarigna 30
Islam 20 - -
Catholic 5 - -
Source:Project affected woredas and subcity administrations offices.
4.3.2. Ethnic and Religious Composition and Language
According to the data obtained from woredas and city administrations, the major dominant ethnic
groups in Woldiya - Mekele Industry Park 400 kV TL Project area are both Tigray and Amhara.
There are different numbers of religions followed the population of the study area however Orthodox
religion is the dominant religion. Among the languages used in the study areas, Amharic, Tigrigna
and afan Oromo are major spoken as the first languages by the population.
4.3.3. Settlement Pattern, Housing and Household Economy
The settlement pattern of the project area people in woldiya-mekele Industry park 400 KV TL project
is permanent and scattered type.
Most of the houses of the PAPs in the proposed project area are houses of corrugated iron sheet and
some houses are Tukuls with grass roof and wall mud. Sand, wood, CIS, stone, cement, mud and
metal door and window are common materials the people used to build their house.

Agriculture is the primary sources of income and the dominant economic means of employment for
the majority of farmers residing in project affected districts. The people are mainly dependent on
traditional rain fed agriculture. Crop production is the major agricultural activity; in this regard
different annual crops such as Teff, Wheat, Sorghum, Maize, and Barley and Haricot beans and
perennial crop. Sorghum and Teff are the common annual crop in the project affects woredas. While
the people residing closed to the city are engaged in commercial activities, daily labour, workers in
industries, Government and Private Organizations.
Table 4.6:- Average Productivity Major Crops/ hectare in Projects Affected Woredas and city.
Types of Project affected woreda
crops
woldiya Guba Raya Raya Raya hintalo Enderta hadnet Adi hawulte Ayider
lafto kebo alemeta azebo wajirat haki
Cereal crops
Teff 908.6 23 16 25 12 13 13.96 18 12 16 NA
Sorghum 1371.16 25 32 30 41 30.4 31.77 35 38 32 NA
Barley 18 23 22 40 33 21 23.96 28 26 32 NA
Maize 32.31 45 17.5 60 37 29 28.59 35 32 - NA
Wheat 19 25 22 50 31 26 29.96 32 24 - NA
Haricot beans 30 21 - 12 - 13 - - - - NA
Chick peas - 21 18 - 12 10 - 14 - - NA
lentil - - - - 8 - 16 - -
Vegetative
Onion 120 - 11 315 250 100 - - 250 NA
carot - - - - - 110 - - NA
potato - - - 290 270 90 - 200 - - NA
Garlic - - - - - - - 96 - - NA
Tomato 220 - - - - 100 250 300 - - NA
cabbage 45 - - 315 300 110 180 220 - - NA
Beet root - - - - - 55 200 - - - NA
Sweet potato 300 - - - 300 - - - - - NA
Perennial crops
coffee 30 - - 4 8 5 4 8 - - NA
papaya 270 - - 150 250 120 200 18 - - NA

Chat 20 - - 200 10 - - - - - NA
orange 130 - - 121 250 160 210 - - - NA
mango 200 - - 105 200 125 205 - - - NA
lemon 165 - - 92.5 300 78 - - - - NA
Avocado 200 - - 110 200 140 180 - - - NA
Source: - Projects affected woredas and city agriculture offices, 2017.
4.3.4. Live stock

Livestock are principal inputs of production process. They are key capital for our economy, via
plough and rural transportation.
Livestock rearing is an important aspect of rural economy, which provides cash income and products
for home consumption. In the projects area there are different livestocksuch as cattle, goat, sheep,
donkey, mule, horse, came land hen raring. The types of livestock with the number are listed on table
4.7.
Table 4.7: - Amount of livestock in each affected woredas and city.
Types of Project affected woreda
livestock
woldiya Guba Raya Raya Raya hintalo Endert hadnet Adi hawulte Ayider
lafto kebo alemeta azebo wajirat a haki
Cattle 6200 76643 242621 101002 197850 136348 79859 13200 902 1766 NA
Goat 2100 52491 32602 30971 48950 91964 49589 852 460 205 NA
Sheep 1800 7533 118375 49303 53650 45720 9848 1650 460 324 NA
Donkey 1029 18276 21611 8956 14369 25337 23157 1220 412 244 NA
Camel 52 90 13863 10209 21115 - 0 25 - - NA
Mule 0 904 674 7959 960 190 665 4 113 - NA
Horse 4 401 44 - 314 193 508 25 76 67 NA
Hen 11200 80654 156125 - 96115 150417 94771 13500 16000 12000 NA
Source: - Projects affected woredas and city agricultural and land administration offices, 2017.
4.3.5. Public Services

4.3.5.1. Health Services
Based on the information gathered from health offices of project affected woredas the present health
service institution are; 4 hospital, 44 health centers, 132 health posts, 37medium clinics, 5 higher clinic,
24 pharmacies and 87drug stores.

The data collected from health offices indicates that there are 1480health Professionals working in
333different health institutions in this project study area.
Table 4.8:- Health coverage in the projects affected woredas and city
Projects Region Zone Woredas and city Health

coverage in
%
Woldiya 100
Amhara North wollo Guba lafto NA
Woldiya-Mekele Industry Park 400 kV
Raya kebo 94
Tigray South Tigray Raya alemata 86.2
Raya azebo 100
Hintalo wajirat NA
Enderta 72
Hadnet 100
Adi haki 79
Power TL
Hawulte 100
Ayider 100
Source: Projects affected woredas and city health offices, 2017.
Table 4.9:- Health institutions in the projects woredas and city.

Woredasa Health institutions
nd City Hospit Health Highe Mediu Pharma Laborat Healt Drug
Projects
al center r m clinic cy ory h post store
clinic
Woldiya 01 02 01 13 05 02 04 12
Guba lafto 0 09 0 02 09 03 40 02
Woldiya –mekele Raya kebo 0 08 0 0 0 0 42 02
Industry
Raya 0 05 0 01 0 0 14 9
Park 400kV Power alemeta
Raya 0 0 0 05 02 0 0 27
TL
azebo
Hintalo 01 06 0 0 0 0 21 2
wajirat

Enderta 0 06 0 0 0 0 11 01
Hadnet 01 03 01 07 02 0 0 08
Adi haki 0 0 0 01 02 0 0 05
Hawulte 0 03 03 05 02 0 0 10
Ayider 01 02 0 03 02 0 0 09
Total 4 44 5 37 24 5 132 87
Source: Projects affected woredas and city health offices, 2017.
Table 4.10:- Health sector specialists and experts in projects affected woredas and city
Woredasand Health experts
city
Environme
Lab.techni
Pharmacis
Midwifery
extension
Doctor
Health
Health
officer
ntalist
Nurse
Total
cian
t
Woldiya 21 09 183 31 26 26 04 26
326
Guba lafto 0 18 44 14 15 4 0 0
95
Raya kebo 0 16 68 16 16 4 5 69
194
Raya alemeta 5 7 34 12 9 5 2 39
113
Raya azebo 0 22 80 25 0 12 3 37
179
Hintalo 0 17 50 8 6 8 3 65
wajirat 157
Enderta 0 11 41 17 09 03 04 34
119
Hadnet 0 13 40 10 8 5 2 20
98
Adi haki 0 0 4 0 0 0 2 13
19
Hawulte 0 12 38 9 8 5 2 26
100
Ayider 2 10 24 8 7 6 3 20
80
Total
28 135 606 150 104 78 30 349 1,480
Source: Projects affected woredas and cityhealth offices, 2017.
4.3.6. Education Services
Education is the most important factor for the development of human civilization. In today’s society,

education plays an indispensable role in shaping the lives of individuals and the society at large. The
most effective way of boosting economic growth, reducing poverty and improving people’s health is
by investing in education.
Ethiopia has made significant progress at all levels of education system. Within the framework of the
current education policy and development strategies, the country has been working to improve
education sector particularly, in expanding educational opportunities through constructing new
universities.
An estimated 729 all level schools found in all woldiya – mekele Industry Park400 kV TLproject
affected woreda and city. Among 729 all level schools, 144 are kindergartens, 517are primary schools
(1-8 grade), 35 are high schools (9and10), 23 preparatory schools (11and12 grade), and 4TVET and 2
University. In general there are 456,668 students (158,222 male and 298446 female) and 8010
teachers (4,792 male and 3,218 female) in educational institutions.

Table 4.11:-Projects affected Woredas and city number of schools and educational coverage.
Woreda Kinder Primary High Preparator TVE College university Educational
and City garden schools (1-8) school y (11-12) T coverage %
(9-10)
Woldiya 9 10 4 1 1 1 1 86.05
Guba - 90 6 1 - - - 86.6
lafto
Raya kebo - 123 2 4 - - - 82.8
Raya 58 58 2 2 - - - 99.5
alemeta
Raya 03 56 03 1 - - - 96.7
azebo
Hintalo 05 79 01 03 01 - - 98.4
wajirat
Enderta 09 55 3 1 - - - 96.7
Hadnet - 10 1 - 1 - 1 96.6
Adi haki 21 12 3 3 - - -
Hawulte 25 13 07 5 - - - 100
Ayider 14 11 03 02 01 02 - 100
Total 144 517 35 23 4 3 2

Source: Projects affected woredas and city education offices, 2017.

Table 4.12:- Total numbers of school in projects Affected Woredas and city
Woredas/City Number of schools
Kindergarten Primary schools 1- High school 9- Preparatory TVET TOTAL

8 10 school 11-12
M F M F M F M F M F
Woldiya 1205 1123 4654 4155 1756 1539 687 551 - - 1,5670
Guba lafto 2538 2424 18445 164646 2012 1547 54 30 - - 191,696
Raya kebo - - 23656 22441 1399 1285 492 248 - - 49,521

Raya alemeta 1434 1408 12123 11174 1514 1370 - - - - 29,023
Raya azebo 79 96 18444 17079 1646 1831 425 281 - -

39,881
Hintalo wajirat 92 124 20604 20279 2935 3057 564 344 206 204 48,409
Enderta 427 423 12815 11823 817 794 64 28 - - 27,191
Hadnet - - 4066 4041 474 620 - - - - 9,201
Adi haki 1318 1260 4056 4217 1196 1358 514 489 - - 14,408
Hawulte 1916 1900 6191 6147 1446 1844 413 438 - - 20,295
Ayider 983 997 3437 3511 919 1066 206 254 - - 14,884
Total
9,992 9,755 12,8491 269,513 16114 16311 3419 2663 206 204 46,0179
Source: Projects affected woredas and city education offices, 2016 & 2017.

Table4.13- Total numbers of teachers in project Affected Woredas /city and their qualifications.
Woredas and Educational Number of teachers
Projects Cities background
Male Female Total
woldiya Certificate - 13
13
Woldiya – Diploma 171 220
391
mekeke Degree 170 37
207
Industry Masters 14 1
15
Park 400 kV Guba lafto Certificate 26 8
34
Power TL
Diploma 517 295
812
Degree 176 36
212
Masters 5 2
7
Raya kebo Certificate 135 85
210
Diploma 557 327
884
Degree 165 37
202
Masters 1 0
1
Raya alemeta Certificate 10 18
28
Diploma 280 189
469
Degree 160 44
204
Masters - -
-
Raya azebo certificate 9 14
23
Diploma 358 313
671
Degree 187 76
263
masters 4 1
5
Hintalo wajirat Certificate 19 122
141
Diploma 364 348
712
Degree 255 98
353
Masters 3 0
3
Enderta Certificate 1 9
10
Diploma 280 249
529
Degree 134 64
198
Masters 1 1
2

Hadnet Certificate 2 6
8
Diploma 86 138
224
Degree 33 24
57
Masters - -
-
Adi haki Certificate 1 4
5
Diploma 118 103
221
Degree 118 55
173
Masters 8 3
11
Hawulte Certificate 7 20
27
Diploma 19 13
32
Degree 222 59
281
Masters 2 -
2
Ayider Certificate 1 5
6
Diploma 84 124
208
Degree 85 57
142
Masters 4 -
4
Total
4792 3218 8010
Source: Projects affected woredas and Subcity education offices, 2016 & 2017.
4.3.7. Source of Drinking water
Water is one the most abundantly supplied elements of nature. It is an essential resource for sustain
human, animal and vegetable life.
The source of water in the projects affected city and woredas are; pipe water, river and hand dug well
for drinking.
Safe drinking water is essential to human however; the distribution of clean water supply is not
adequate in the projects affected area. Most of the people residing around affected woredas are also
forced to walk up a long distance to fetch clean water.
According to Health offices, the potable water supply coverage in woldiya – mekele Industry Park
400 kV TL project affected woreda and city are 40% and 82 %, respectively.
4.3.8. Source of energy

The primary source of energy for the people residing around woldiya -mekele Industry Park 400kv
power TL project are firewood and kerosene. Most of the households use firewood, dung and crop

Residuals for cooking and most of them use kerosene for lighting while for the people residing in the
middle of the city electricity are the primary energy contributors. The accesses of electricity in project
affected woredas are 8.9% in Raya Azebo and 92% in Raya alemeta.
4.3.9. Transportation Service
Transport is a means movement of goods and services over space and accelerates economic
development of any sector of economy.
The presence of road transport and Addis Ababa – Mekele routes passes through the city of woreda,
created strong network among project affected woredas. In addition there is asphalt,paved and
weathered rough road which connects the project affected kebeles with woredas that facilitating
socio-economic activities, relationships and reducing travelling time, improve livelihood and
increased inter connectivity.
The modes of transportation are motorcycle, tricycle/bajaj, cars, minibuses, horse cart and pedestrians
The total coverage of access road in all project affected woredas are 503.57 km of asphalt,847.27
paved roads, 421.72 km of dry weather/earthen interconnect kebeles with woreda.
4.6.10. Financial Institutions
Financial institutions are plays a key role in facilitating local and international business interactions
and transactions in infrastructure and financial services, and strengthening business activity,
promoting credit and savings, accelerating investment and accumulation of capital.
In the project areas, many government and private banks have opened their branches. There are
governmental, private based banks, credit and saving associations and micro finances financial
institutions have found in each project affected woreda.
4.6.11. Gender Issues
Both women and men play substantial economic roles in Ethiopia, while women bear the brunt of
domestic tasks in addition to agricultural and other productive work.
In the projects affected rural area women spend an average 1hr time for fetching water while in the
city the pipeline is with their house. In addition to fetching water they have Additional burdens
Include the preparing and transforming food products, doing household chores, taking care of
children, the sick and the elderly, as well as maintaining their productive roles in agriculture and
especially food production. The lack of electrical energy is the direct contributors to women being
over burdened because reliance on firewood for cooking is extremely time-consuming, physically
intensive exhausting work and highly inefficient.

Agriculture is central to the livelihoods for all project affected woredas. It is the major source of food
and income. Men perform land clearance, weeding, ploughing, seed selection, planting and harvesting
activities and spending more time on these. Among these activities women share land clearance and
planting tasks. In addition perform storage processing and weeding activities. Women do a number of
tasks in a day and work the longer hours than men.
Sample photo of female activities in project affected area
The majority of women in Ethiopia are concentrated at the bottom of the ladder in terms of
employment, education, income and status. Traditionally, women have always assumed a role that is
subordinate to their male counterparts. But things seem to be changing these days for good, and now
policy makers are considering women’s rights.
Today more than any other time, the government is exerting the maximum effort to realize the
equality of men and women. Ethiopia not only has signed international conventions related to the
rights of women, but it is also taking positive and affirmative action’s to facilitate legal grounds for
their active involvement in various sectors. The establishment of Women’s Affairs Bureau in the
Prime Minister’s Office, the incorporation of their issues in the country’s policies and programs,

ensuring of their rights in the constitution as well as the ratification of the family law are but some of
the litmus papers that prove the government’s willingness to the equality of women. Impressive
progress has been made in women empowerment; however women lag behind in the project areas as
shown in Table 4.14 below.

ETHIOPIAN ELECTRIC POWER / EEP/ woldiya –mekele 400kv /230kv Transmission line and substation Project Draft ESIA Document, October 2017
Table: - 4.14.Gender Issues in projects affected Woredas and city
Issues Amhara Regional state north wollo zone 400kv power transmission line projected
affected woredas
woldiya Guba lafto Raya kebo
M F M F M F
Population 38167 37279 84816 80458 118898 118599
No. Head of house hold - - - - - -

No. of Students (1-12) 7097 6245 20511 3223 25547 23974
No. of Teachers (1-12) 372 237 704 333

858 449
Leadership 25 % female 25 % female
Doctors 19 02 - - - -
Health officers 8 1 1 17 4 14
Nurses 83 100 - - 53 15
Midwifery nurses 19 12 - - 4 12
Environmentalist - 4 - - 1 4
Laboratory Technician 12 14 - - 3 1
Pharmacist 15 11 - - 9 7
Health extension - 26 - - - 69
No. of Members in micro and small scale 1112 1743 - - 132 26
development cooperation
Source: project affected woreda and city administrations and sector offices 2017.

ETHIOPIAN ELECTRIC POWER / EEP/ woldiya –mekele 400kv /230kv Transmission line and substation Project Draft ESIA Document, October 2017
Issues Tigray Regional state south tigray zone and mekele city 400kv power transmission line projected affected woredas
Raya alemeta Raya azebo Hintalo wajirat Enderta Hadnet Adi haki Hawulte Ayider
M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F
Population - - 81987 82490 87871 90856 68131 81425 3923 4083 29592 2948 4253 47740 3345 35890
3 3 8 3 9
No. Head of house 10849 12112 29750 10865 42131 10620 1304 1050 - - 1250 14040 8696 8766
hold 6 2 8
No. of Students (1- 15071 13952 20594 19287 24401 24008 14123 13068 4540 4661 7084 7324 9966 10329 5545 5828
12)
No. of Teachers 450 251 529 410
(1-12) 556 536 359 295 123 166 269 310 436 450 174 238
Leadership - - - - 45 % female 35% female - - - - - -
Doctors 4 - - - - - - - - - - - 2 -
Health officers 6 3 18 4 10 7 8 3 4 9 2 1 6 4
Nurses 10 21 16 64 20 30 30 17 5 35 14 3 7 2 22 2
Midwifery nurses 1 10 5 20 5 3 8 9 2 8 - 9 - 8
Environmentalist 1 - 2 1 3 - 1 3 2 - 2 - - 2 3 -
Laboratory 1 - 6 6 5 3 2 1 1 4 - - 4 1 4 2
Technician
Pharmacist 8 3 - - 3 3 4 5 2 6 - - 1 7 4 3
Health extension -- 38 37 - 65 - 34 20 13 - 16 - 20
No. of Members in - -- 1953 1144 311 195 2030 1720 545 99 - - - - 627 698
micro and small
scale development
cooperation
Source: project affected woreda and city administrations and sector offices 2017

4.6.12. Archeological, Natural, Cultural and Historical Heritage
As it is well known Ethiopia is endowed with various sorts of historical, cultural as well as natural
tourist attractions. Origin of human race, calendar and spelling, tangible and intangible heritages as
well variety of landscapes and weather diversity made the country chosen for cultural resources
destination.
Ethiopia has nine tangible, two intangible festival heritages and 12 intangible heritages those are
registered in UNESCO.
During the study period culturally, historically, archeologically, important features have been
identified and recorded. Please refer the table of Archeological, Natural, Cultural and Historical
Heritage of affected woredas on Annex I.
5. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO ECONOMIC IMPACT

5.1. Positive Impacts
5.1.1. Employment creation and Drive local economic development
During the projects implementation, there will be short term and long term employment opportunities
will be created for the local community members as well as for the people from other places,
developing sustainability in the export sector in a way that contributes to the domestic economy.
Therefore, the construction of the Project will drive local economic development; improve
living standards of local residents, and increase their income.
5.1.2. Improved Electrical Capacity
The proposed projects will improve the electrical capacity of the project areas. This capacity will help
meet the increasing electrical power demand and reduce losses and the frequency of power outages.
This is likely to provide a means of long term, regional and national economic empowerment when be
able to supply electrical power more reliably.
5.1.3. Improve community’s quality of life
The most significant impacts expected to arise from the project are major improvements to access to
electricity by the community this will result in less dependence on wood and kerosene for energy,
electricity becomes available to more households, uses of improved technology for the preparation
of food using electric stoves and initiation and development of motorized water pumps. These will
improve community’s quality of lives and minimize women’s burden. The project also improve level
of social services, and it provide efficient education services at day and night classes. In addition

it promotes and attracts businesses and investments.

5.2. Negative Impact
Based on survey, impact prediction methods, and the results of discussion with stakeholders, the
negative environmental and social impacts have been identified. Appropriate mitigation measures are
discussed under Chapter 6.
5.2.1. Socio Economic Impacts
5.2.1.1. Impacts on Housing and Structure
Due to the construction of woldiya – mekele Industry Park 400kV Power TL Project,a total of 178
housing units owned by 158 house holds head will be affected due the transmission line construction.
Out of the total housing units 85 houses are covered with corrugated iron sheet (CIS) and constructed
with wood wall, 86 tukuls(the roof covered by grass and the wall with wood and mud) , while the
remaining 7 houses there wall from stone and ceiling from corrugated iron sheet(CIS) . From the
total housing units, 5 of them are under construction and not used by the PAPs.
Sample photos of affected houses.

As per the directives of overhead electric line clearances and quality of supply of Ethiopian
Electricity Agency 2005, Article 6, ‘’ an overhead electric line shall not, at any time, be closer to a
part of a building or structure than some minimum distances corresponding to the voltage of the
line’’; however, there is a Mosque in Raya alemeta woreda in Harley kebele that found in right-of-
way/ ROW, so it is better if EEP re-route the line from such religious site.
5.2.1.2. Impact on Crop land and Crop
The land required for the transmission line and substations will affect farming land which is used to
grow crops (annual and perennial). Crop land will be affected permanently due to the construction of
a substation, access road and towers for the transmission lines and temporally due to the creation of
right-of-way /ROW/ and access road.
The major impact of the woldiya – mekele Industry Park 400 kV TL project will be loss of farmland
used to grow cereal crops and perennial crops. Magnitude of crops damages would depend on the
season in which construction would be undertaken and the type of crops damaged. However, the
annual crops growing in affected people land are sorghum, maize, barley, Teff, Wheat and Haricot
beans.
During project implementation about 854.26 hectares of crop land will be affected with permanently
and temporarily damaged. Totally, there are around 158 household’s 51.40 of agricultural land will be
affected by substation construction and transmission line; however, the actual impacts on crops
during stringing will be known at the time of construction and also the construction
methodology to be adopted by the contractor; at that stage maximum efforts would be made to
avoid these agricultural land impact, to the maximum possible level.

Sample photos of affected crops land.
5.2.1.3. Perennial Crops and Trees
An estimated total number of 67 perennial crop and 27,101 trees (10 Cordia Africana,5 croton
macrostachyus, 9080 Eucalyptus ,17,800 cactus tree and 206 acacia species will be affected by
Woldiya – Mekele Industry Park 400 kV Power TL Project. Of the total perennial crops and trees are
likely to be affected by the transmission line project in a right of way (ROW).

5.2.1.4. Impacts on Historical, Cultural, Archaeological and Religious Sites
Visits made to the project area along the project components and discussion held with key informants;
however, no documented Historical, Cultural, Archaeological and Religious Sites were observed
along the transmission line.
During construction, there could be possibility for chance findings of some archaeological artifacts.
5.2.1.5. Impacts on Vulnerable Group
The field survey identified 96 households representing vulnerable group i.e. 40 female headed
households and 56 elderly male headed households In woldiya – mekele Industry Park 400 kV TL
project.
All the above vulnerable groups will be affected permanently by the substations construction and 400
kV TL Project. These groups of people need special attention and care during the implementation
phase of the project.
5.2.1.6. Impact on Health and Safety

5.2.1.6.1. Noise
During the construction phase, noise will emanate from the movement of vehicles, transporting
construction materials and equipment to the site and the operation of construction equipment such as
excavators and concrete mixers; however, noise produced during construction time will be
insignificant impact on the community because the villages are located far from the site to be affected
by construction noise. However, noise due to the movement of vehicles along the village access road
may potentially result to nuisance. This impact will be short term and will end after construction
activities.
5.2.1.6.2. Air Quality
During the line stringing, tower erection and construction of the substation the activities such as
excavation, site clearance and movement of construction vehicles along the access roads would
contribute to dust and air pollution from the emission of CO2, NOx and other greenhouse gasses.
No air quality impacts are expected during the operation of either the substations sites or the
transmission line.

5.2.1.6.3. Sexually Transmitted Infections /STIs/
The arrival of manpower is expectable when these proposed power projects constructs and the
industry parks commences which will impact the societal way of life in the area. This can lead to
spreading of diseases, especially STIs.
5.2.1.6.4. Workers’ Health/ Safety
Line stringing and tower pad erection works can expose workers for accident and injures. Such
injures may result to falls from high elevations and injures from hand tools. Thus, the construction
crew should receive safety trainings or orientation, a priority should be given to safety of the workers
directly working at construction sites and the worker should be used personal protective equipment
/PPE/.
Safety regulation or safety manual regarding workers’ health and safety must be included in the
tender document. This document will be prepared by the contractor.
5.2.1.6.5. Health Effect of Electro Magnetic Fields (EMF)
Electromagnetic fields (EMF) are invisible lines of force that surround any electrical device. Power
transmission lines, electrical wiring and electrical equipment all produce EMF. Electric overhead
lines are considered a source of power frequency, electric and magnetic fields, which may have a
perceived health effect. The strength of both electric and magnetic fields is a function of the voltage,
distance from the conductors to the ground and the lateral distance from the line to the receptor. Most
electrical equipment has to be turned on i.e., current must be flowing, for a magnetic field to be
produced. Electric fields are often present even when the equipment is switched off, as long as it
remains connected to the source of electric power.
Electric fields are shielded or weakened by materials that conduct electricity, even for materials that
conduct poorly including trees, buildings and human skin. Magnetic fields, however, passes through
most materials and is therefore more difficult to shield. However, both electric fields and magnetic
fields decrease rapidly as the distance from the source increases. As a precautionary measure, EEP
have adopted standard ROW width of 40m for 400 kV along the high voltage transmission lines.
All habitat and structures are excluded from the ROW to ensure safety of people from EMF as well as
from direct electric shocks and “flashover”.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has concluded that “despite extensive research to date, there
is no evidence to conclude that exposure to low level electromagnetic fields is harmful to human
health” (Ethiopia – Sudan Power System Interconnection ESIA, 2005, P. 62). The low level referred
to by the WHO are levels expected to be found outside the 30 m ROW proposed Power Transmission
Project. The proposed 40 m ROW is enforced along the proposed transmission line route. There will
not be any adverse health effects on people along the route.
5.2.2. Impacts on Biological Environment
5.2.2.1. Flora
To a large extent, the transmission line will pass through shrub, bush land and some acacia species
which are mostly less than 8m tall and eucalyptus trees.
During the construction of transmission line and erection of towers an estimated 27,101 trees (10
Cordia Africana, 5 croton macrostachyus, 9,080 Eucalyptus trees ,17,800 cactus tree and 206 acacia
species will be affected by woldiya – mekele transmission line project.
5.2.3. Impacts on Physical Environment
5.2.3.1. Land
The present land use of woldiya – mekele Industry Park 400 kV the transmission line passes area
started from woldiya to mekele new substation Industry Park which affect 854.26ha of crop
land,3.2ha of scattered acacia tree land, 64ha of bush and shrub land,8ha of bare land with high gorge
and steep land and 0.54ha of land covered by houses.
The transmission line would have a total length of 225km with a free corridor line (ROW) of 40m for
400 kV and 30m width for 230kv respectively. The total numbers of towers assumed to be erected are
about 643 with an average length of 350 meter. Among 643 towers 43 are 230 kv that stretches 15km
with 30m right-of-way (ROW) 230kv from mekele industry park to mosobo industry zone substation.
Therefore impact of mekele new substation and transmission line will be 51.40 ha of land and out of
which the land that will be lost permanently for substation construction is expected to be about 45.25
ha and the remaining 6.15ha for tower foundation. In case, if the contractor chose the option of
building access roads, it is expected that an estimated 225km long temporary access road and 6m
wide access road will be required i.e. It is estimated that about 4.05ha of access road land would be
required. In order to reduce the potential impact associated with the construction of new access road,
existing roads will be used as much as possible where available.

Current land use of Mekele industrial park new substation site
5.2.3.2. Impact on Soil
During construction phase activities such as vegetation clearance, excavation and topsoil storage as
well as vehicle movements; such activities are likely expose the soil to erosion, disturbance of soil
profile especially in areas with thin soil coverage and gorge areas.
6. MITIGATION MEASURES
6.1. Socio-Economic
6.1.1. Housing and Structure
EEP will compensate for the affected houses located under the ROW of the transmission lines for the
PAPs with regard to loss of house. Compensation will be undertaken as per proclamation and
regulation to avoid any risk on the woldiya-mekele Industry Park and mekele new substation. We
recommend that local community should not construct new houses and plant trees that grow above
8m in a right of way (ROW) in order to minimize the impacts.
6.1.2. Annual Crop Production, Perennial Crop and Trees
Construction works to be undertaken after crop harvest, compensation for damaged crops and trees,
and awareness campaigns on the use of the ROW for annual crop farming and grazing but not for tree
planting following project implementation.

6.1.3. Historical, Cultural, Archaeological and Religious Sites.
The proposed project will not pass through Historical, Cultural, Archaeological and Religious Sites;
however, during construction time if there is any accidental “chance findings” of some archaeological
artifacts, the workers and contractor shall report to the appropriate authorities.
6.1.4. Vulnerable group
The affected vulnerable group shall be considered for additional assistance and need special attentions
to ensure that, they are supported to be benefited from compensation entitlement and other mitigation
measures.
6.1.5. Noise
Noise impact is insignificant and temporary in nature; to minimize the impact, noise generating
construction time and material transportation will be scheduled during day time hours from 7: 00 pm
to 6:00 am and different machineries and equipment are will be turning off their engines in rest time.
6.1.6. Air quality
Dust generated by excavation and emissions from vehicle minimize by covering stockpiles, spraying
water to minimize dust releasing in case of windy and dry weather, undertaken the vehicle movement
according to the contractor plan and limited the vehicles speed , maintain construction equipment
regularly ,burning of waste generated at the construction and domestic solid waste will be stored
in a covered container and periodically collected by functional agency to avoid bad odor.
Contractors shall ensure that workers switch off plant and equipment when not in use, in order to
avoid the release of emission of pollutants.
6.1.7. Public Health and Safety
In order to minimize or avoid impacts on public, health and safety contractors should provide
adequate safety orientation to local community, the vehicle speed should be reduced and slow in
construction site and residential area, warning signs should be put on around the construction
sites and road near the construction sites; an employ flag persons arrange to control traffic at
the substation sites when construction equipment is entering or leaving the work area, fencing

around the construction sites to protect illegal entrance , Project related vehicles will be required to
abide by good driving conducts, and all habitat and structures will not be allowed inside from the
ROW or no asset left beneath the ROW to ensure safety to people from electromagnetic fields as well
as from direct electric shocks and flash over.
6.1.8. Sexually Transmitted Infections /STIs/
The proposed project might create directly and indirectly chance for transmission of STI. The Impact
will be mitigated through awareness creation on sexually transmitted infections, control of informal
sector activities near the project site and through distribution of condoms.
6.1.9. Workers’ Health and Safety
In order to minimize or avoid the impact on the worker, the construction crew should receive specific
and routine safety trainings or orientation, a priority should be given to safety of the workers directly
working at construction sites and the worker should be used personal protective equipment /PPE/such
as safety boots, helmets, gloves and protective clothes, permission should be given to working on
electricity equipments for only well-trained persons and having license.
Safety regulation or safety manual regarding workers’ health and safety must be included in the
tender document.
6.1.10. Electro Magnetic Fields (EMF)
To avoid or minimize the impact, the proposed 40m ROW is enforced along the proposed
transmission line route. Many studies published during the last decade on occupational exposure to
Electro-Magnetic Fields (EMF) have exhibited a number of inconsistencies and no clear, convincing
evidence exists to show that residential exposures to electric and magnetic fields are a threat to human
health. However, the EMF decrease very rapidly with distance from source and there should be no
potential health risks for people living outside the ROW leave corridor. There will not be any adverse
health effects on people along the route. All habitat and structures are excluded from the ROW to
ensure safety of people from EMF as well as from direct electric shocks and “flashover”.
6.2. Biological Environment
6.2.1. Flora
In order to mitigate impacts on vegetation, areas requiring clearance will be clearly marked out prior
to clearance works, all clearing is undertaken within the extent of approved sites only and instruct all
construction workers not to cut any tree beyond the marked areas. Dust abatement methods and
proper watering shall be applied.Additionally; re-vegetation activities will be practised to restore the
cleared vegetation.
6.3. Physical Environment
6.3.1. Land
Land is the main asset and source of livelihood for farmers residing in the projects areas. Therefore, for
land expropriated for the projects, as much as possible a plot of land capable of serving a similar
purpose will be provided and displacement compensation equivalent to as per article 16, sub article
(1) 455 proclamations will be paid. But, if it is not possible to provide replacement land, displacement
compensation will be paid ten times the price of the average yield of crops or perennial crops
obtained from the land. Compensation for affected crop situated on the land will be paid and
awareness creation will be undertaken again for the farmers, after the establishment of the
transmission lines the ROW can be used for crop farming and grazing but not for tree planting.
Care needs to be taken to ensure that the air and water resources are degraded by construction
activities or by access road runoff during the operation period.
6.3.2. Soil
Excavation and vegetation clearance will be limited in extent, defined temporary and permanent
access routes to be established to avoid damaging the soil structure in the wider area and construction
vehicles should operate within the alignment of impact i.e., approximately 20m to either side of the
center line to avoid damage to soil and appropriate technical construction methodology will be used
to minimize impact on soil environment.

7. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE
To discuss and to inform PAPs and local authorities about the nature and scale of adverse impacts of
the project, to give for PAPs and affected communities a chance to express their views on the
proposed Project that affect them directly, Public consultations, meetings and interview were held
with PAPs, community elders, religious leader, and also with woreda and city administrations sector
offices.
In all discussions were focused on the following major issues:

 Dissemination of information about the project objectives
 Description of the potential project positive and negative impacts on the existing
environment and socio-economic conditions,
 Compensation and expropriation procedures
The main issues raised by PAPs regarding Woldiya – Mekele 400kv/230kv transmission and new
substation for Mekele Industry Park and mosobo industry zone Project were, about appropriate
satisfying and fair compensation and replacement land. They need replacement land and satisfying
compensation before they resettled their land. The major concern of the woreda officials and experts,
local community and all other stakeholders of project affected woreda emphasis on the time of project
implementation and compensation. They expressed positive attitudes and good impressions on the
project; however, they need and proposed the project implementation period to be before harvesting
the crops. Based on their experiences on another projects, enough compensation was not paid
therefore, the stakeholders suggested to be adequate compensation payment during the project
implementation. Also they suggested the responsible body on the payment of compensation to be
clear early.
The ESIA will be disclosed in Ethiopia by posted in EEP’s website. Export Import Bank of China
(EXIM) also expected to disclose this ESIA electronically through its website prior to the start of the
project.
Minutes of consultation meetings along with list of participants are attached as Annex III.

Consultation with PAPs Raya kebo woreda consultation with doro giber kebele in Guba
officials and experts lafto woreda
Consultation with PAPs at Raya kebo woreda, 012 robit kebele.

Public Consultation with mahel mechare and Gola mechare kebele in woldiya woreda
.
8. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP)

In any project context, Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) is necessary to avoid,
minimize or offset adverse impacts, enhance positive and beneficial impacts during implementation.
Environmental and Social Management Plan /ESMP/ must be fully integrated with the overall project
management effort at all levels, which should be aimed at providing high level of quality control,
leading to a project which has been properly designed, constructed and functions efficiently
throughout its life.
8.1. Institutional Arrangement

The implementation responsibility of the ESMP rests on EEP or EEP‘s contracted representative
unless noted otherwise. To a considerable degree, construction contractor will be responsible for
implementing mitigation measures but the ultimate responsibility to ensure the proposed mitigation
measures are in a proper manner lies with EEP.

The Ministry of Water, Irrigation and Electricity /MoWIE/ and Ministry of Environment, Forest and
Climate Change (MoEFCC) will oversee all the environmental activities related to the project.
The Office of Agricultural, Land Administration and Rural Development, Health departments and
other stakeholders will be involved with their specific responsibilities in the environmental and socio
economic activities.
Their responsibilities are exercised in different stages, i.e., pre-construction, construction, and
operation and maintenance phases.
8.1.1. Pre-construction Phase
Prior to contractor’s mobilization and commencement of construction, environmental management

will be considered with the following principal activities:
Ensure that all government and funding agencies requirements and procedures relating to
ESIA are complied with.
Ensure environmental and social considerations have been given due consideration and the
major clauses are incorporated in the contract document.
Implementation of compensation payments for land or property acquisitions.
As a proponent, EEP will be responsible for submitting the ESIA report to the authorized body for
their evaluation and comment.
8.1.2. Construction Phase
The environmental management activities would be carried out during the construction phase. Most
of the impacts are expected to occur at this stage and the impacts can be reduced or avoided through
the application of sound construction guidelines.
Management is much concerned with controlling impacts that may result from the action of the
contractor, through enforcement of the construction contract clauses related to protection of the
environment as a whole and of the components within it.
It is important to recognize that successful mitigations can only be achieved if the environmental

protection measures, as set out in the construction contract document are properly enforced.
8.1.3. Operation Phase
Environmental management and monitoring at this stage will be the responsibility of Environmental
and Social of EEP for all activities undertaken by contractors and /or EEP`s own force.

ETHIOPIAN ELECTRIC POWER Adama II – Adama and Arerti Industry Parks 230KVs Transmission Line Projects
Draft ESIA Document, August2017
Table 8.1:- Environmental and social Management Plan

Environmental Responsible Organization
Impact Issues Mitigation Measures/activates Location Timing Implementation Supervision Monitoring
Pre-Construction Stage
Land Complete all necessary land in accordance with the Alignment of impact Before construction commences EEP EEP
acquisition commencement of any construction works.
Provide copies of land acquisition details to the Contractor. Throughout ROW Before construction commences EEP EEP
Provide a list of affected property owners to the contractor.

Throughout ROW Before construction commences EEP EEP
Organize environmental management and safety training.
Safety All contractors, supervising consultant and field supervisors On site At list one month prior to contractor EEP
orientation shall attend the training. commencement of construction

Construction Stage
Vegetation Inspect and approve all correctly located and pegged clearing Throughout ROW Before clearing of the vegetation Contractor Contractor
clearance sites. Vegetation clearance shall only be undertaken once along a section of the road.
consent to clear strip plantation.
Prior to construction
Remove identified trees in such a way as to minimize
damage to surrounding vegetation
Prior to commencement of
Ensure the construction crew is aware of remaining “ construction Contractor EEP and contractor
vegetation which must not be touched or damaged.
Before clearing the vegetation

Ensure that all clearing is undertaken with minimal “ along ROW. ” ”
disturbance to the surrounding environment, within the
extent of approved sites only.
“

Erosion Clearly mark the areas to be cleared before vegetation All project area Prior to commencement of Contractor EEP and contractor
clearing begins. No clearing of vegetation shall be vegetation clearing
undertaken outside of these areas.
Whenever possible avoid clearing construction areas, access All project areas Prior to commencement of Contractor EEP and contractor
roads and construction camps on steep slopes / productive construction
agricultural land.
Ensure topsoil is left in a non-compacted condition following At all work sites Immediately following Contractor EEP and contractor
completion of works. completion of works
Waste Contain all solid wastes at designated location within At all work sites Throughout construction Contractor EEP and Contractor
management construction sites.
Crush burn and bury all inorganic solid waste in approved “ Throughout construction Contractor EEP and Contractor
disposal area.
Remove all disabled equipment, including machinery from “ Throughout construction Contractor “
the area.

Noise Workers in the vicinity of strong noise should use ear plugs. Throughout alignment Throughout construction period Contractor EEP and Contractor
Machines and vehicles will be maintained to keep noise at a “ Throughout construction

minimum
Noisy construction should be scheduled to the day time and Beginning with and continuing
local people should be informed prior to the activities. “ through out construction.
Archaeologica If archaeological relics or remains are discovered, the At all project sites Prior to the commencement of Contractor and Contractor and EEP
l sites appropriate authority should be notified immediately. works and throughout Archeological
construction organization
The construction should be stopped until the authorized
organization assesses the remains and approves continuation
of work after appropriate measures are complemented.

Drainage Construct all designed drainage works prior to, during or Throughout alignment Beginning with and continuing Contractor EEP and Contractor
immediately following excavation work in order to minimize throughout construction
erosion hazard.
Inspect all works and ancillary sites for drainage and erosion
problems after each major storm event during construction
period. Repair all failed drains and take other appropriate
actions as directed by the contractor
Disposal of Instruct the construction workforce on approved fill /material Throughout alignment Throughout construction Contractor EEP and Contractor
materials disposal locations and strictly supervise the correct
placement of fill at these sites.
Inspect and approve all correctly located disposal locations. Throughout alignment Throughout alignment Contractor
Reinstatement Take an inventory all services to be reinstated. Throughout alignment Prior to interruption of any Contractor EEP and Contractor
of services service
Progressively reinstate or repair all interrupted services to Throughout alignment
their previous condition.
Inspect and certify the adequately reinstatement services. Following construction EEP EEP and contractor

Stockpiling of Locate, peg and seek approval from contractor for the use of Throughout alignment Whenever encountered during Contractor EEP and Contractor
construction stockpile site. construction
materials
Obtain written permission from landowners for stockpiling
on the temporarily acquired land.
Inspect and approve all correctly located stockpile sites.
Locate stockpiles or spoil heaps so there is no blocking of

drainage lines.
Dust Heavy truck delivering materials shall water / sprinkle roads Throughout the Beginning with and continuing Contractor EEP and Contractor
Nuisance to reduce dust problem. construction period through out construction.
Speed limit should be enforced.

Contamination Vehicle maintenance and refueling will be confined to Construction area Through construction Contractor
from fuel and construction areas, designed to contain spilled lubricants EEP and Contractor
lubricants and fuels. Waste petroleum products must be collected,
stored and taken to approve disposal sites, according to
MoEFCC regulation.

Hazards and Safely handle and store hazardous materials. Throughout alignment Throughout construction as and Contractor EEP and Contractor
Hazardous when required ,,
Materials
Clean up spills of hazardous materials immediately.
,,
Suppress fires on or adjacent to construction or ancillary
sites.
,,
In case of spill of hazardous materials, relevant departments
will be informed at once and will deal with it in accordance
with the spill contingency plan.
,,
Compaction Construction vehicles should operate within the alignment of Throughout alignment During construction Contractor EEP and Contractor
of Soil impact i.e., approximately 20m to either side of the center
line to avoid damage to soil.

Post Construction Stage
Re-vegetation Progressively sow all disturbed construction and Throughout alignment After completion construction Contractor EEP and local
ancillary site surfaces with a cover crop mix activities environment
immediately following final use of each ancillary site. protection offices
Progressively implement re-vegetation works

commencing in the correct planting season.
Regularly monitor the effectiveness of re-vegetation

measures
Ancillary site Rehabilitate ancillary sites such as borrow areas and At all ancillary sites Within 1 month of final use of the Contractor Engineer
Rehabilitation material storage sites etc. within one month of their final ancillary site
use, including the removal of structures, refuse, stock
piles and other temporary features.

ETHIOPIAN ELECTRIC POWER / EEP/
woldiya – mekele Industry Parks 400KVs substation and Transmission Line Projects
9. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

Monitoring is an essential component of project implementation. It facilitates and ensures the
follow-up of the implementation of the proposed mitigation measures. It helps to anticipate
possible environmental hazards and/or detect unpredicted or unforeseen impacts over time.
Method of monitoring includes:

Visual observation,
Selection of environmental parameters at specific locations, and
Sampling and regular testing of these parameters.
Monitoring provides a very useful feedback, which permits to correct the incidence of
environmental problems at the right moment during the project construction and operation
phases.
9.1. Noise Level Monitoring
During construction, although noise is not expected to be a significant problem, periodic

sampling of contractor’s equipment at work sites should be undertaken to confirm that it is
according to standard. Noise level monitoring could be supplemented by consulting project
affected people to identify the level of monitoring required.
9.2. Air quality
Monitor and inspect dust condition around construction area and transportation routes, also
inspect construction equipment; consult with local people on dust problem during construction.
9.3. Soil Erosion Monitoring
During earth excavation for tower erection, construction of temporary access roads and
vegetation clearance will exacerbate soil erosion. It will therefore be the responsibility of the
contractor to effectively handle erosion control measures. Focus should be given to work sites
where soil is disturbed and its immediate environs as well as along the ROW during and after
vegetation clearing.

9.4. Vegetation Clearing Monitoring
The contractor’s environmental inspectors’ should make sure that the unique tree species
identified during construction should not be removed.
The monitoring of vegetation clearance needs to be done by local’s environmental protection
offices and EEP`s Environmental and social to control the compliance and non-compliance of
ESMP.
9.5. Monitoring of Accidents and Health
EEP`s environment and social will conduct monitoring of activities to make sure that
appropriate signs are posted at appropriate locations /positions to minimize /eliminate risk of
accidents and electrocutions.
In addition to this, EEP`s environment and social will monitor implementation of the following
activities of the contractor
Measures to create awareness regarding sexually transmitted diseases, HIV/AIDS,
sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and others,
Preventive measures to reduce communicable disease where and whenever appropriate
and measures are put in place,
Periodic health survey carried out along the transmission route.
9.6. Social Status
As a part of monitoring activity the social status of the community with regard to health,
disease vector, in-and out- migration, the function and performance of the facilities and
safeguard measures, effectiveness of environmental requirements in controlling occupational
hazards, waste collection facilities, establishment and function of pit latrines, will be considered
during operation phase of the project. Income generating activities (money or kind), access to
and control over productive factors, involvement of women in project, impact of the project on
vulnerable groups, etc will be monitored.

9.7. Compensation and Resettlement
Changes in economic and social status of compensated and resettled people including
livelihood improvement shall be monitored. It is recommended to jointly carryout this
monitoring activity with EMU and representatives from Regional and Woreda administration
Offices.
9.8. Monitoring Responsible bodies
EEP and contractor will have an overall responsibility to oversee that all environmental
measures are put in place and that regulations are enforced. The construction consultant should
assist EEP in this process in order to make sure that the contractor fulfills the environmental
and social requirements. Some relevant stakeholders like the Ministry of Water, Irrigation and
Electricity (MoWIE) and Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC)
may also conduct joint monitoring as deemed necessary.
9.9. Monitoring Indicators
The following parameters could be used as indicators:
Presence of posted visible signs on towers;

Presence of sanitary facilities at work sites;
Level of awareness of communities pertaining to danger /risk associated with power
lines;
Presence /absence of unique stands of indigenous trees along the power line route;
Accident /incident report records on actual accidents associated with the establishment
of the transmission line could be compiled with the help of local peasant association
officials, teachers /students of local schools;
Noise levels and the provision and use of PPEs;
Implementation of Regulation on Occupational Health and Safety and Health and
Safety Plan
Vegetation and wildlife protection;
Erosion prevention and control measures;

Waste disposal strategies and sanitary facilities for workers; ix) reduction in travelling
time through surveys;
Employment opportunities for the local community members;
Livelihood status of the compensated people/community
Value of entitlement received is equal to that of original structure or land acquired;
Compensation for loss of assets and
Frequency of HIV/AIDS and STIs awareness programs

10. ESTIMATED MITIGATION COSTS
Estimated total budgets required for implementation of the Environmental and Social Impact
Assessment (ESIA) for woldiya– mekele Industry Parks 400kVs Power Transmission Line
Projects are shown in table 10.8. The table is incorporates the cost of compensation for the loss
of annual crop, perennial crop, trees and houses with cost of monitoring and evaluation will be
an Ethiopian birr 71,355,612.24 (2,630,136.83 USD)
The cost summary is depicted below:
An estimated Standardize values:
woldiya- mekele Industry Park 400 kV TL Project
1. Houses of corrugated iron sheet roofed with block wall and have door and window
2,376 Birr/m2
2. Houses with CIS roofs and stone walls 3,200 birr/m2
3. Tukuls(thatched roof with mud floor and wall) houses 1,218 Birr/m2

Adama II – Adama and Arerti Industry Parks 230KVs Transmission Line Projects
Table 10.1.Estimated cost for houses
Project Affected Houses type Affected Size of Unit Price Total cost in
houses in affected in Birr/m2 Birr
number houses in m2
Woldiya - Houses with CIS roof, 73 2,903.94 2,376 6,899,761.44
Mekele wood wall and have Birr/m2
Industry door and window
Park 400
KV TL Houses with Grass roof 85 1,700 1,218 2,070,600.00
project (Tukul &mud walls Birr/m2
Houses with CIS roofs 20 795.6 3,200 2,545,920.00

and stone walls birr/m2
178 5400 11,516,281.40
Total
Table 10.2:- Expected compensation cost for moving allowance

Moving Allowance No. of houses that No of affected Unit price Total cost in
will be affected owners of houses in Birr Birr
woldiya- mekele Industry 178 158 3,000 474,000.00

Park 400 KV TL project Birr/HHs
Total 178 158 3,000 474,000.00

Table 10.3:- Expected compensation cost of trees

Project Project affected tree type Quantity in Unit cost in Total cost in
No. ETB ETB
Eucalyptus(Key bahirzaf) 1,777 70 124,390.00
Medium
woldiya - mekele
Seedling (Chefeka) 2,490 15 37,350.00
Industry Park
400KV TL project
Purlin (mager) 4,237 35 148,295.00
Pole 576 80 46,080.00
Cordia africana (wanza) 10 350 3,500.00

small
Croton macrostachyus 5 100 500.00

(bisana) medium
Cactus tree 17,800 200 3,560,000.00
Total 3,920,115.00
Table 10.4:-An estimated compensation cost for Perennial Crop damage during line stringing
woldiya- mekele Affected Quantit Average Assumed

Industry Park crop y in No. unit compensation
400 KV TL price cost for 1 year
project
coffee 60 550 33,000.00
Lemon 5 200 1,000.00
Total 34,000.00

Table 10.5:- Expected compensation cost for temporary crop damage during line stringing
woldiya- mekele Major Affecte Average Total Average Assumed

Industry Park affected d area Yield /ha (quintal price per compensation
400 KV TL crop in ha (Quintal) ) quintal cost for one
project year
(Birr)
Teff 420 25 10500 1694 17,787,000
sorghum 434.26 30 13027.8 840 10,943,352
Total 28,730,352
Table 10.6:- Expected compensation cost for permanent crop damage during construction of Towers
woldiya- mekele Major Affecte Average Total Average Assumed
Industry Park affected d area Yield /ha (quintal price per compensation
400 KV TL crop in ha (Quintal) ) quintal cost in birr
project (Birr)
Teff 2.69 25 67.25 1694 113,921.50

for one year
1,139,215.00
for ten year
sorghum 3 30 90 840 76,140.00 for

one year
761,400.00
1,900,615.00
Total

Table 10.7:- Expected compensation cost for permanent crop damage during construction of substations.
Woldiya - Major Affecte Average Total Average Assumed
mekele Industry affected d area Yield /ha (quintal price per compensation
Park 400 KV TL crop in ha (Quintal) ) quintal cost
project (Birr)
Teff 25.25 25 631.25 1694 106,9337.5 for

one year
10,693,375 for
ten year
wheat 20 27 540 1220 658,800 for one

year
6,588,000 for
ten year
Total 17,281,375.00
Table 10.8:- Cost summary for environmental and social mitigation and monitoring for Woldiya-
Mekele Industry Park 400 KV TL project
No Items Cost in Birr Cost in USD

1 Compensation for loss of trees 3,920,115.00 144,493.73
2 Compensation for houses 11,516,281.40 424,485.12
3 Compensation for annual crop damage temporarily 28,730,352.00 1,058,988.28
4 Compensation for annual crop damage permanently 19,181,990.00 707,039.81
5 Compensation for perennial crop damage temporarily 34,000.00 1,253.23
6 Moving Allowance 474,000.00 17,471.43
7 Re-vegetation 11,057.87
300,000.00
8 Training cost 3,685.96
100,000.00
9 Support for vulnerable groups 18,429.78
500,000.00
Sub total
64,756,738.4 2,386,905.21
Monitoring and Valuation
10 Monitoring and evaluation 100,000.00 3,685.96
11 Valuation committee per diem 462,000.00 17,029.12
Sub Total 562,000.00 20,715.08
Total 65,318,738.40 2,407,620.29
Contingency 10% 6,531,873.84 240,762.03
Grand Total 71,850,612.24 2,648,382.32
Exchange rate: 1 USD = 27.13 ETB (November 22, 2017
11. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

This ESIA Study has identified both positive and negative Impacts and their mitigation measures have
been recommended. If these mitigation measures implemented appropriately, it enable the involved
parties to reduce the negative impacts to a minimum. In addition, positive impacts on a local, regional
and national level strongly outweigh than negative impacts therefore, implementation of these projects
are acceptable and recommended.

REFERENCE
Woldiya-Mekele Industry Park 400 KV Power Transmission line Project feasibility report, Feb, 2016.
Adama Industry Park 230 KV Power Transmission line Projectfeasibility report, Feb, 2016.
Bahirdar-woldiya-kombolcha 400KV power transmission line project ESIA, 2016
Assessment on the status of some micro nutrients in vertisols of the central highlands of Ethiopia,
Yefru Abera and Mesfin Kebede 2013.
ESIA draft report for Debrezeyit III- Hurso- Dire Dawa industry park transmission line project, June
2016.
Ethiopia Year Book 2015/16 by Government Communication Affairs Office.
FDRE, Proclamation No. 135, Payment of Compensation for Property Situated on landholding
expropriation of Land holdings for Public Purposes council of Ministers Regulation May,2007.
FDRE, Proclamation No. 455, Expropriation of Land holdings for Public Purposes and Payment of
Compensation, July 2005.
RAP draft report for Fincha – Shmbu and Azezo Chilga 230 KVs Power Transmission line Projects
July 2017.
Socio Economic Profile of Adama City June 2017 Finance and Economic Development.
The Ethiopian Renaissance, An overview of Ethiopia’s 2nd growth and Transformation Plan by The
FDRE Government Communication Affairs Office September 2016.

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woldiya - mekele 400kv/ 230KVs Transmission and substation Project for industry park

ETHIOPIAN ELECTRIC POWER / EEP/ Draft ESIA Document, October 2017

FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA

ETHIOPIAN ELECTRIC POWER

DRAFT ENVIROMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESMENT

ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page i

ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page ii

ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page iii

9.1. NOISE LEVEL MONITORING .......................................................................................................................66

ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page iv

Birr Ethiopian Local Currency

CSA Central Statistical Agency

EEP Ethiopian Electric Power

ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment

ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan

FDRE Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia

CIS Corrugated Iron Sheets

GPS Global Positioning System

GTP Growth Transformation Plan

HIV/AIDS Human Immune deficiency Virus /Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

IPDC Industrial Parks Development Corporation

ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page v

LILO Line in line out

MoEFCC Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

MoWIE Ministry of Water, Irrigation and Electricity

PAPs Project Affected Persons

PAHs Project Affected households

PPP Public Private Partnership

ROW Right of Way

UNESCO United Nations education, science and culture organization

ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page vi

ANNEX – II ……………………………Term of references (TOR)

ANNEX – III …………………………… List of contacted persons

ANNEX – IV--------------------------Minutes of meeting

ANNEX –V ……………………………..Proclamation and Regulation for Compensation and

ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page vii

Objective of the Study

ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page 1

ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page 2

Baseline condition of the projects affected districts

ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page 3

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS

 Increases electric power reliability and power supply capacity.

Impacts Mitigation measures

Among 178 houses (85 thatched grass roofs with

ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page 6

 During construction time if there is any

Workers’ Health and Safety  Specific and routine safety trainings or

Public Health and Safety  Provide adequate safety orientation to

arrange to control traffic and fencing

Sexually Transmitted Infections /STIs/  Awareness creation on sexually

 Excavation and vegetation clearance will

ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page 8

Public Consultations and Disclosure

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN /ESMP/

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page 9

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

ESTIMATED MITIGATION COSTS

ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page 10

ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL OFFICE Page 1

Mr. Horro Leta ..................... Sociologist

1.1. Objective of the Study