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www. u g l y to o t h . ro
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DENTAL PHOTOGRAPHY

- Specialised dental technician since 2002


- Own laboratory since 2003
- Specialised in veneers and anterior sector aesthetics using mainly Ivoclar materials.
- In May 2013 becomes one of the first members of DTG
- Starts dental training center in 2013 named “Ugly Tooth” www.uglytooth.com
- Becomes licensed photographer in 2013 and starts worldwide dental photography courses
- In 2014 starts being technical support for Wieland by Ivoclar
- In 2015 participates as speaker for Smile.Line & Cendres-Metaux at the biggest event
worldwide IDS in Cologne.
- In 2015 “Ugly Tooth” becomes official ICDE Ivoclar training center in Romania.
- In 2016 brand “Shoot like a PRO” becomes officialy on-line store with all equipment
and accesories necesary for dental photography.

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Photography is like sex !
You know the ending. So how
can you make it interesting ?
Fer Juaristi

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INTRAORAL CLOSE-UP PORTRAIT

F22 F16 F10


F29 F18 F11

I hope everyone will enjoy this practical guide for dental photography. It was
made from my experience and feedback that I got in my last 3 years while trained
more than 1000 dentists and technicians from all over the world !

WB
CENTER ISO RAW & VIVID
1/125 FLASH AF-S sRGB
WEIGHTED 100-200 JPEG FAITHFUL
K5560

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Page 01-05 Introduction
Page 08-13 Intra-oral photography settings
Page 14-17 Close-up photography settings
Page 18-23 Portrait photography settings
Page 24-31 Laboratory/Product photography settings
Page 34-37 Cross-Polarisation photography settings
Page 38-45 Artistic & Emotional Photography settings
Page 46-49 Microscopic photography
Page 50-51 Digital camera - DSLR
Page 52- 55 Macro lenses & accessories
Page 56-57 Ring vs Twin flash
Page 58-59 Recommended nikon kit
Page 60-61 Recommended canon kit
Page 62-63 Recommended mirrorless kit
Page 64-65 Recommended intra-oral & close-up kit
Page 66-71 Recommended studio equipment
Page 72-76 M (manual mode) and main settings for dental
photography explained ISO, Exposure Time and f.
Page 77-78 Depth of field
Page 79-80 Focus point & white balance
Page 81-83 Other settings & Formats & SD-Cards
Page 84-85 Why Dental Photography ?
Page 86-92 Colour determination & tools
Page 93-95 Retractors, contrastors & accessories
Page 96-99 Perspective & symmetry
Page 100-105 Smile makeover & materials
Page 106-112 Recommended editing software
Page 113 Contract for the model
Page 114-115 Video recommendations settings & equipment
Page 116-117 Useful websites
Page 118-124 Dental Photography Marathon course program
Page 125 Sponsors
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INTRAORAL
photography

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INTRAORAL SETUP

FLASH 400W 1/2 POWER

F22 CENTER ISO


1/125
WB
FLASH AF-S
RAW &
sRGB
VIVID
F29 WEIGHTED 100-200
K5560
JPEG FAITHFUL

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High resolution intra-oral photographies can help
you make a better planning for smile makeovers using
keynote. In this kind of pictures details are easy to see and
no mistakes can be done. Also you can make a very fast
preview of desired smile using LIQUIFY filter in Photoshop.
To achieve better control over design use touch graphic
tablets like Wacom Cintiq HD 27 inch.

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To achieve this photo directly from the camera you need
retractors, Flexipalette contrastor and set your camera to
intra-oral settings in manual mode M. It is recommended to
make your own library with as many as possible intra-oral
pictures, create own database and use it for virtual smile
simulations in keynote for your next real patient cases.

To create virtual veneers just select veneer shape using


draw with pen function then select both shape and picture
and mask the tooth, do this step by step for all 6 anteriors.

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CLOSE-UP
photography
CLOSE-UP SETUP

WB
CENTER ISO RAW & VIVID
F14-18 WEIGHTED 100-200
1/125 FLASH AF-S
JPEG
sRGB
FAITHFUL
K5560

FLASH 400W 1/2 POWER

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In order to get clear and correctly exposed pictures like this we use only
one flash and position the lips between flash and reflector. In this way light
from flash will be reflected on the lip area.
Position of the reflector should be as close as possible to the lips
(20-30cm) , and lips as close as possible to the flash (20-30cm).

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PORTRAIT
photography
PORTRAIT SETUP

WB
CENTER ISO RAW & VIVID
F9-13 WEIGHTED 100-200
1/125 FLASH AF-S
JPEG
sRGB
FAITHFUL
K5560

FLASH 400W 1/2 POWER

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In order to obtain this black background we need only one flash and maybe a large
reflector, patient must be positioned in front of you and flash in front of the patient.
Be sure that behind the patient you have at least 4-5m free space ( no walls or objects,
people, etc…). You need to be as close as possible to patient’s face so when you look
through viewfinder you will not see neck or shoulders. Use intra-oral settings and chose
from menu in Picture style (Canon) or Picture control (Nikon) - monochrome style to get
black and white pictures.

How to ... ?
Usually our patients request
just a dental work and when they
come to our studio and they do
not expect that they will get
also a professional photo book.
This is more than just a pleasant
surprise for them, is our powerful
marketing tool which is going to
be used by patient it self in social
media like Facebook , Instagram
etc…

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To achieve a perfect white background, use
one soft box or octobox behind the patient.
You can also use white wall but in this
situation you need to increase ISO gradually till
wall becomes white completely or use one extra
flash pointed on that wall behind the patient.
In order to promote our work we need to
show it as good as we can. If we would do classic
portraits then we would have too many details in
the picture that is why we should focus only on
head-shots.
This way we can focus on our goal and that is
to show the smile we created.
If we want to avoid shadows on the patient’s
face and we use only one light then we are
supposed to use big size reflectors too.
L A B O R ATO R Y
photography

S H A P E S

WAX

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WB
CENTER ISO RAW & VIVID
F22-29 WEIGHTED 100-200
1/125 FLASH AF-S
JPEG
sRGB
FAITHFUL
K5560

1/1 FLASH POWER M MODE

L A B O R ATO R Y S E T U P

BLACK/WHITE ACRYLIC TABLE

PRODUCT PHOTOGRAPHY TENT

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Bi-color wash tehnique for zirconia with E.MAX

For this kind of pictures we can use also a white or a black background.
In this case we use a black acrylic table and 2 X SB-R200 Nikon flashes
(Nikon R1C1 Kit) and a product photography tent. We have to make sure
that the flashes are turned opposite of the subject we want to shoot and
in this way light will be reflected back on photographed subject by the
walls of the tent, producing less reflections and a softer light.

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Remember !!! when shooting always stay in front of the
work and at same level.

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Layering technique using Domenico Vinci’s ceramic colours & Pekkton
framework (by Cendres Metaux), nexco composite and E.MAX crowns.

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Layering technique using Domenico Vinci’s
ceramic colours on screw retained E.MAX crowns
on implants. This kit is ideal for courses so you can
show where each layer is.

Create nice colages using step by


step photography of your daily work.

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MODEL PROTOCOL

90 DEGREE VIEW Usually this type of photos are required when doing orthodontic or 90 DEGREE VIEW
function analysis in static occlusion, also for creating patient’s data base. Use
intra-oral/laboratory settings, the product photography tent and acrylic table.

45 DEGREE VIEW 45 DEGREE VIEW

FRONTAL VIEW

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MODEL PROTOCOL

For proper planing you can use keynote


and create the design of the future smile.
Go to shapes and then drawing with pen to
make your desired contour.

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WHITE BACKGROUND

If you need white background for your photos make them directly using
one flash and softbox, white acrylic table and reflector. Make sure that table
is close to softbox and also camera lose to table in this way you will get bright
photos and no shadows. Use close-up settings.

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To create this reflection use add reflection in Keynote. Also
don’t leave images like they come from camera, always resize
them and increase their size so you can achieve stuning pictures.

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C R O S S P O L A R I S AT I O N
photography

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C R O S S P O L A R I S AT I O N S E T U P

1/1 FLASH POWER M

WB
CENTER ISO RAW & VIVID
F29-45 WEIGHTED 100-200
1/125 FLASH AF-S
JPEG
sRGB
FAITHFUL
K5560

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Slice of the tooth needs to be cut with a diamond disc or trimmed till you
reach 0,4-0,5 mm then use a diamond paper to finish and make it smooth..
After you have the slice dip it in baby oil for minimum 30 minutes so that
enamel and dentin will get hydrated and become more transparent.
To be able to obtain black or white background you need to have one flash
under a small glass table or acrylic transparent surface then position on it
the linear polarisation filter on this you put then the slice of the tooth. Now
position the circular polarisation filter on your macro lens. Rotate it to get
desired background and shoot.
Use intra-oral settings.

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First make sure that you have mounted a hi quality circular polarising
(HOYA HD PRO ) filter on your macro lens then add a linear polarising filter
on the acrylic table. When focusing try to rotate the circular polarising filter
in order to get different backgrounds like black or white.
Your position should be perfectly perpendicular on the table plan on top
of the molar.

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ARTISTIC & EMOTIONAL
photography
L I G H T S E T U P M I G H T VA R Y F R O M O N E L I G H T T O M O R E L I G H T S

There are no precise rules and light set-ups just use your own imagination and be creative because artistic
photography is not about the pushing camera button. Artistic and glamour photography is creation and
emotion. Very important is positioning of the photo model and focusing always in the eye which is by the way
the soul of any portrait.
This kind of photos are extremely useful to promote and show your work worldwide. You can use them make
posters, flyers and also start a powerful marketing campaign. For this type of photography session you will
need professional equipment, professional model and professional make-up artist, a story and only after this
you will be ready to shoot.
Communication with the model and good mood
is essential for achieving great shots. To achieve this
use appropriate music and feel free to use jokes.
To reach and get certain dynamism in your photos
model should use hands when posing no matter if
they are on the face or in the hair.
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How to get black or white background ?

In order to obtain this black background we need only one flash and
round lens reflector, patient must be positioned in front of you in 45 degree
and flash in front of the patient. Be sure that behind the patient you have
at least 3m free space (no walls or object, people, etc…). Use close-up or
intra-oral settings.

In order to obtain this white background we need only one flash and round lens
reflector, patient must be positioned in front of the soft box and camera in front of
the patient from his lateral side. Use close-up settings. Distance between soft box
and lips should be approximately 20-30 cm in both cases.

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M I C R O S C O P E P H OTO G R A P H Y S E T U P K I T
microscope & accesories
Adapter for SLR cameras f=340mm
Now you can document excellent still shots with leading-edge SLR cameras perfectly adapted to
your dental microscope. The digital SLR camera is connected with a so called T2 adapter ring and a
photo adapter. The SLR camera requires corresponding T2 mount. Demonstrate the results of your
work in high-quality publications. Pictures taken with a SLR camera easily meet the demands of
premium-quality print media.
www.zeiss.com

46 Dr. Maxim Belograd


MICROSCOPE VIDEO SETUP KIT
microscope & accesories
Real-life pictures are very convincing. ZEISS OPMI pico can accommodate a full HD video camera, allowing you
to present patients with high definition material to explain procedures. In addition, you can vividly display results at
conferences. Recordings can be used either to teach anatomy and procedures or to simply document work in HD quality.

Integrated camera advantages


• The integrated full HD video camera delivers images with definition
and differentiation of details Camcorder adapter FlexioMotionTM
• All functional elements are completely integrated into the system www.zeiss.com
to avoid workspace clutter
• Conveniently fine-tune images with single button operation of the Depending on your specific practice needs – you can choose between
integrated video control console three integratedHD video camera versions for intuitive handling and
• Ready for use when ZEISS OPMI pico is switched on direct access to the most important features on the control board:
• Supports co-observation and documentation • HD-ready 720p
• Simplified cleaning of the housing Live video quality
• Full HD 1080p
For highest demand of live video quality
• Live & streaming (Full HD 1080p) with recording license
1 Stream live video into the network for viewing through various devices.
2 Smart Recording: Record video that occurred 30 seconds in the past.
3 Record onto shared network or USB device as well as facilitate easy
transfer of still images and HD videos to patient management software.
4 Create Full HD images during recording or from a recorded video.

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DSLR CAMERA

When buying camera make sure that it has a second


screen on top beside the big screen on the back. This will
help you change settings like f, ISO, time exposure and many
more much faster during your photography sessions. Camera
equipped with this screens are better choice. You can find this
option in Dx or FX format.

Digital single-lens reflex cameras (also called digital SLR or DSLR) are digital cameras combining
the optics and the mechanisms of a single-lens reflex camera with a digital imaging sensor, as
opposed to photographic film. The reflex design scheme is the primary difference between a DSLR
and other digital cameras. In the reflex design, light travels through the lens, then to a mirror that
alternates to send the image to either the viewfinder or the image sensor. The alternative would be
to have a viewfinder with its own lens, hence the term “single lens” for this design. By using only one
lens, the viewfinder presents an image that will not perceptibly differ from what is captured by the
camera’s sensor.

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S E N S O R S DX V S F X

Size of the sensor is the most important when it comes to photo quality. Bigger
sensors capture more light and more light means better pictures. It has better dynamic
range, less noise and improved low light performance than its smaller sensor sibling.
For dental photography both are a right choice to make. For example DX cameras are
often chosen for macro because 100mm lens on DX body is 150mm due to crop factor.
Full frame sensor has the same size as old analog film.

DX sensor FX sensor
DX (24 x 16mm) FX (36 x 24mm)

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M AC R O
lenses & accesories
My personal recommendation is Tokina 100mm ProD f2.8 EX DG Macro lens (after
i had a Nikon and a Sigma lens) because it gives me sharper and cleaner details in
close-ups and intra-oral.
For portraits, laboratory and artistic photos is very good and if you count that the
price is unbeatable this lens will amaze you.
Just as a tip for holidays & family photos i recommend 18-300mm from Sigma
which is a very good all-around lens in this way you have to carry only one lens good
for the most of purposes.

Tokina 100mm AT-X M100 ProD f2.8 EX DG Macro

AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor 105mm f/2.8G IF-ED

Sigma 105mm f/2.8 EX DG Macro

Canon EF 100mm f2.8 USM Macro Lens

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M AC R O
lenses & accesories
In order to be able to focus closer to the subject we can use
macro rings or bellows that have no optic elements. In this way
we lose some light due to increased focal length and we need to
compensate with proper settings. For example if before we used f22
now we will use f18 or smaller.

Teleconverters are more expensive due to existence of optic elements (lenses) that allow
us get very good pictures without loosing too much quality. For example if we use100mm
macro lens with the teleconverter we transform it in 200mm macro or if we use 600mm tele
lens we get 1200mm tele lens.

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STUDIO LIGHTS

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TWIN FLASH LIGHTS

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DA I LY U S E R E C O M M E N DAT I O N

My recommendation is that if you just need


a camera for daily use, patient evidence and
data base for your patients you will not need
to spend so much money. You will get very
good quality for posting on Facebook or some
presentations.
A normal DX body camera like Nikon D7200
or Canon 70D will be more than enough . Those
combined with a 60mm macro lens or 100mm
lens from Tokina and a ring flash from Metz or
Sigma will make a good choice for daily use.
Biggest advantages beside that is a very
light weight kit is also that you can produce
good images and it’s affordable. To get softer
light with those ring flashes put some paper in
Sigma EM-140 front of it to diffuse the light. YONG NOU YN - 14 EX

On the other hand if you need camera to make portfolio pictures, use them for courses and publications or for marketing than you will need to
spend more money which is not really a problem if you think that from now on you can create amazing photography without hiring professionals to
do it. Recommended is a kit like nikon d750 or Canon 5Dsr with Tokina 100mm lens and twin flash or studio lights.

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TWIN FLASH VS RING FLASH

The light comes from


the sides so we have just a
little reflection. This allows
us to see internal structure
of the tooth, mamelons,
hallo effects, transparency,
translucency etc…

The light comes from


the front and creates a big
reflection on the vestibular
surface of the tooth. Always
try to soften the light just by
using plain A4 paper in front
of the ring flash.

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Main lightOctoBox 0,95m R E C O M M E N D E D N I KO N P R O K I T

FX

Nikon D750
Softbox 60/90cm

DX
100 mm PRO MACRO ATX
Nikon D7200

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N I KO N I N T R A - O R A L F L A S H K I T

Usually i use them in M


manual mode and power 1/1.
This you can choose from the
controller or camera body.
Newer cameras don’t require
this controller they are self
capable of communicating with
flashes. So instead of buying
complete kit R1C1 buy just 2 x
4 3 SB-R200 . This model is working
only with Nikon.

1
2

NIKON R1C1 KIT & MEDICAL BRACKET ARM - SCORPION

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Main lightOctoBox 0,95m RECOMMENDED CANON PRO KIT

FX

Canon 5DsR
Softbox 60/90cm

DX
100 mm PRO MACRO
Canon 80D

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C A N O N I N T R A- O R A L F L AS H K I T

CANON MT-24EX - TWIN FLASH

CANON 270EX II & R2 BRACKET SYSTEM

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R E C O M M E N D E D M I R R O R L E S S B O DY

SONY ALPHA 7R II 42 MPX FULL FRAME MIRRORLESS CAMERA


Recommended body for 4K videos and macro photography is the brand new Sony Alpha
7R II 42 Mpx, world’s first full frame backilluminated Exmor R CMOS sensor.
It is ideal if the weight is a problem and you don’t want to hold a heavy camera during
dental treatment that require steady hands. Recommended twin flash is Sony HVL-MT24AM
Macro.
The results are truly remarkable with incredibly detailed 42 Mpx stills, 4K video, high
sensitivity up to 102.400, 5 axis steady shot, inside image stabilization system is fine tuned
for high resolution image sensors. Combined it allows to capture low noise and wide dynamic
range that are superior to previous models. Price is around 3200 $.

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RECOMMENDED MIRRORLESS LENS

Get up close and personal with the 1:1 magnification ratio


of the full-frame compatible FE 90mm f/2.8 Macro G OSS Lens
for Sony’s E-Mount mirrorless cameras. Optimized for macro
shooting, this medium telephoto lens utilizes an aspherical
element along with extra-low dispersion and super extra-low
dispersion glass in order to create sharp imagery with minimal
aberration. Also, it has a Nano AR Coating that suppresses
reflections and allows for efficient light transmission for clear
photographs.
Its maximum aperture of f/2.8 is effective when shooting
in low light and allows for shallow depth-of-field focus. An
internal focus system in which only the middle optical groups
move when focusing provides fast autofocus action and a short
minimum focus distance of 11”.
An optical image stabilization system uses gyro sensors
to detect camera movement and quiet linear motors to shift
the stabilization lens for blur control that is very helpful when
shooting macro and/or in low light. Nine circular aperture blades
create a unique diaphragm design that is almost perfectly
circular throughout its aperture range and thus helps to create
pleasing out-of-focus highlights. Price is around 1000$.
SONY FE 90MM F/2.8 MACRO G OSS LENS

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R E CO M M E N D E D I N T R A- O R A L & C LO S E - U P F L AS H K I T

If you need more power and mobility from your wireless


flash choose one 180/360W mobile flash system with high
acumulator capacity from Walimex. You can use it anywhere
you need without plug it in any power source. That can help
you if you want to move your flash all over your studio. I use
it as main light for close-up and for portrait photography.
Yo u can find it on www.dentalphotography.ro - mobile
studio kit.

LIGHTSHOOTER 360W

My recommendation for intra-oral photography is Nissin i40 system with R2


bracket system from www.photomed.net. It has much more power than nikon or
canon dedicated flashes which is better. Also price is unbeatable.

NISSIN i40 & R2 DUAL BRACKET


www.photomed.net
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R E CO M M E N D E D I N T R AO R A L & C LO S E - U P F L A S H K I T

Walimex round lens reflector is ideal for close-up Always set flash directions in opposite way and not
shots when we use only one flash light. Golden side is directly towards the patient face so the reflected light
for softer reflections and silver is more reflective but reflected by Lumiquest pocket bouncers will be softer. This
also soft. way you will get better photos with less reflections ideal for
observing details and structure of the teeth.
www.dentalphotography.ro

www.lumiquest.com
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C O M P L E T E P H O T O S T U D I O S E T- U P

5m Ideal is to have a separate room


where you can organise a photo
studio. Minimum requirements
would be to have a minimum 5m
long and 3 m wide room. If you want
to use white wall as background you
will need a third flash to aim on the
BLACK BACKGROUND

wall behind patient.


Good idea is to have a 27 inch
iMac in the same room where you
can edit fast all your pictures. I
1m also have a Wacom Cintiq 27QHD
graphic tablet with touch screen 27
inch that allows me to make a very
3m fast virtual smile makeover using
LIQUIFY filter in Photoshop. Usually
that is what I do on first meeting
with the patient.
Biggest advantage of liquify is
that I work with patient colour from
the gum and teeth so the result will
be truly amazing. See page 10.

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W H I T E B A C KG R O U N D

Use big soft boxes like 60x90 or bigger with the flash set on slave mode, in order to get perfectly white
background. To avoid milky reflections in picture try to lower flash power on this soft box and increase on
main light.

FLASH TRANSMITTER
In order to activate flashes you will need remote controllers wi-fi or infra-red based. One thing to remember
is that with studio light use always exposure time under 1/200 otherwise you will have black lines in the
photos because flashes will not be able to synchronise. There are special controllers that can synchronise
at very short exposure times but are more expensive. Nikon SU-800 can control up to 250 SB-R200 flashes.
Usually when you purchase a complete photo studio kit with 2 or 3 flashes you will get controller too.

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RECOMMENDED STUDIO FLASH KIT

Recommended as main light due to its round shape eyelike. It gives


a soft light which is highly used for close-up photography by glamour &
fashion photographers.

www.walimexpro.de

WALIMEX BEAUTY DISH - 100CM POWER 400W - USE 1/2 POWER

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RECOMMENDED STUDIO FLASH KIT

Recommended as main light due to its round shape eyelike. It gives


a soft light which is highly used for por t rai t photography by portrait
photographers. Attention when you buy such an octobox that has two
sheets of diffusive material.

WALIMEX OCTOBOX - 100CM FLASH POWER 400W - USE 1/2 POWER

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RECOMMENDED REFLECTORS

This reflectors are usually recommended when we do portrait photography and we


use one flash but we don’t want to have shadows . We position the flash in the front and
up from model and the reflector under models shoulders in this way upper flash light
will be reflected from down too and shadows eliminated. You can use then handheld or
with special reflector supports. In this example without reflector you can see shadow
on the neck area and face is more underexposed.

WITHOUT REFLECTOR WITH REFLECTOR

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R E CO M M E N D E D ST U D I O ACC E S S O R I E S

Motorised background is not expensive and requires


minim space on the ceiling. In this way you save space
required for tripods. Usually i use black or white backgrounds.

CEILING FLASH SUPPORT WITH PANTOGRAPH WILL HELP YOU


SAVE SPACE IN YOUR STUDIO.

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MAIN SETTINGS IN M
M MODE

Till now no camera can


reproduce what human eye
can see. We are all different
with different taste for
images, and for this reason
we need to master this
settings in manual mode.
Take control of ISO,
Exposure Time and Aperture
and shoot like a PRO !

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The Exposure Triangle
u r -> <- less
b l noi
s s se
le

ww
more blur ->

w.
m ore noise

hh
sc
re
at
ive
> <-

s.c
<-

om
es s -
l

s i fo
cu
n focu in
e
s mor
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ISO - SENSOR SENSITIVITY TO LIGHT

ISO SCALE

50 100 200 400 800 3200 6400 12800

Less sensitive to light More sensitive to light


Amount of light and brightness in our
pictures is influenced by ISO setting. When we Will capture less light Will capture more light

have overexposed or underexposed pictures More light needed for “good” exposure Less light needed for “good” exposure
we can slightly move Iso settings to fix this.
Bigger ISO number means more brightness, Less image noise/grain More image noise/grain
smaller means less light.

For dental photography set camera to ISO 100 or 200. Our photography is not going to be
influenced by the surrounding light because we always use artificial light from our flashes, light
identical to natural light, more or less equal to 5560K.
In this way we have guarantee that our image will have zero noise when we zoom in and the
picture will be sharp and clear as we want.

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E X P O S U R E T I M E - T I M E H O W L O N G D I A P H R A G M S TAY S O P E N

EXPOSURE TIME SCALE

1/8000 1/4000 1/2000 1/500 1/250 1/160 1/100 1/30 1/4 1/1 1 8 15 30

Shorter the shutter stays open Longer the shutter stays open

Amount of light that hits the sensor is Less light strikes image sensor More light strikes image sensor
also affected by the length of time diaphragm
Freezes motion Shows motion
stays open. So when we have long exposure
more light will hit the sensor, when we have Less image noise/grain More image noise/grain
short exposure less light will hit the sensor.

For dental photography set camera exposure time to 1/160 in this way we freeze the moment
even if our hands are shaking or patient head is moving.
Exposure time 1/160 means that a second is split into 160 times and that is a very short time
1/200 1/60 1/1 of opening and closing the diaphragm.

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F APERTURE - DETERMINES DEPTH OF FIELD

APERTURE SCALE

f/2.8 f/4 f/5.6 f/8 f/11 f/16 f/22

Large Aperture Medium Aperture Small Aperture

Large aperture Small aperture


For dental photography set your camera to:
More light strikes image sensor Less light strikes image sensor
- F 22-29 - INTRAORAL
- F 16-18 - CLOSE-UP Shallow Depth of Field (Focus) Deep Depth of Field (Focus)
- F 10-13 - PORTRAIT

2.8 8 14 22 32

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DEPTH OF FIELD

For intra-oral photography


always focus on the canine. In this
way we are going to have full arch
in focus from incisive to molars. Use
f22-29
For close-up photography
always focus on teeth or lips so we
get all mouth in focus. Use f16-18
For portrait photography we
need to focus in the eye of the model
in this way we get very sharp area
around eyes which is the soul of any
portrait. Use f10-13.

77
D E P T H o f FIELD

Focus between lateral and canine, this way you will have
best depth of the field, you will have centrals in focus but
also posterior area.

1/3 2/3

If you focus on the centrals you will lose


1/3 2/3 DOF in the posterior area.

78
AF-S - SINGLE FOCUS POINT

AF-S (auto-focus single) mode is recommended to use in static photography like in portrait,
close-up and dental photography. This function will allow you to keep camera centred on patient
face but will allow you to move your focus point (only one focus point) in desired area.

When buying a DSLR be careful that you buy one with as many possible
focus points, this will allow you to focus in all desired areas of your screen
without moving camera. In order to be able to focus in desired position
without problems make sure that you got enough light in the room. If
the light condition is poor your camera will have problem focusing, it will
move backward and forward without finding right focus.

79
AUTO

DAY LIGHT

CLOUDY

SHADE

TUNGSTEN
5200K
FLASH 6000K
5500K 3200K 7000K

WHITE BALANCE

In order to reproduce with high accuracy the original colour of the tooth nowadays modern
cameras have a very good quality calibration inside when it comes to white balance. If camera is
set to flash WB when shooting you can be sure that you get proper colour anytime you shoot with
ring, twin or studio flashes. They all got appropriate colour temperature 5560k close to daylight.
Of course there is always option to calibrate white balance inside camera or computer using
a grey card 18% or white expo disc. This tools are more precise and are used by professionals
photographers even if difference is very small, often unrecognisable by the human eye.
For calibration see page 78-79

80
OTHER RECOMMENDED SETTINGS FOR CAMERA

- Set metering mode on SPOT OR


CENTER WEIGHTED, those modes are
recommended for static photography
like portrait, close-up or macro.

- In orderd to get extremely sharp


pictures chose in the menu from
Picture Style (Canon) or Picture
control (Nikon) NEUTRAL mode
and calibrate SHARPNES to 7 or 8,
because from the factory camera
comes to sharpnes 1.

81
R E C O M M E N D E D P H O T O G R A P H Y F O R M AT S

RAW format is used when we need exceptional quality, when editing is necessary but we don’t want to lose quality during this process. Jpeg format
loses quality every time we edit file. RAW file uses special applications for editing like Capture NX , RAW room from Photoshop or DPP from Canon.
JPEG format is most common used file all over the world and is working with all known graphic applications. Recommended resolution for upload
on Facebook is Full-HD resolution 1980/1080.

82
RECOMMENDED PROFESSIONAL SD CARDS

No matter if you are making a 4k video or HD videos, or you make


professional photography, ideal is to have sandisk sd-card with
minimum transfer rate of 45mb/s or higher like 95mb/s. Nowadays
jpeg file is about 20mb and raw about 50mb, so consider buying
always high capacity storage sd-card like 64gb or even bigger.
Don’t forget to format your card in the camera every time you
start a new photo session and for fast transfer use good card readers
like original ones from SanDisk.

!!! In the case you just deleted by mistake all your photos from the SD-Card those
can be recovered with special software like Rescue PRO specialised software from San-
Disk company website.

83
W H Y D E N TA L P H O T O G R A P H Y ?

No mater if you are dentist or technician along with the dental chair or cad-cam, photo camera should be always beside you. There are many
reasons why you should consider having it right from the start. It is one of the investments “MUST HAVE“.

1. Self evaluation - due to magnification on big screen you can learn from your mistakes and analyse your work. You will be able to see in clear
detail and find what is wrong and needs to be fixed. Just take a shoot with macro lens and you will have results like with a digital microscope.
2. Colour of teeth - using camera is easiest way and most precise when it comes to choosing the right colour for your patient teeth. There are
special expensive equipments for colour but none of them will be so rich in informations which is transmitted by a correctly exposed photo.
3. Photo documentation - every dental office or dental lab should have photos from a to z with their cases. You should have a standard photography
protocol and apply it for each patient, like a set of 6 intra-oral photos and 4 portrait photos would be more than ok. Also try to make follow up
photos after a longer period so you can see predictability of your work.

84
4. Education - Start making nice presentation out of your photographed
cases, use them for your staff in study clubs, use them in congres,
course or just make articles and publish it. Also this way you can
educate your patients by showing them a how the treatment looks
like and is supposed to be.
5. Protection - To avoid legal disputes nowdays is safe to make photos
before-after of the patient so in case some problems appear you
can have proof of how it was. This can protect your brand or your
reputation and keep safe from financial damages.
6. Marketing - If you like to make portrait and close-up photography
you can use them for posters, flyers and articles to promote your
own clinic or laboratory. In this way you will use photos made by you
of your very own patients and you will not need to buy from stock
websites. Be sure that patients will sign a contract for this kind of
use of their photos.
7. Portfolio - Before & after - On of the most important roles of
dental photography are photos before & after which are going to
build up your portfolio. Is fair to show patients what you can do and
try not to use magazines and pictures that don’t belong to you. In
this way patient will get what he see and if he likes what he see he
will choose you as dentist. There are many cases that patients were
shown pictures with perfect smiles and they got much worse that
they expected. www.lablinemagazine.com

85
C O L O U R D E T E R M I N AT I O N
normal photo high contrast low brightness zero saturation

In order to be more accurate in choosing colour please use dedicated keys for crown colour, for gingiva colour and for stump colour. Use 4 keys with
closest shade possible to patient colour. As helping tool you can use this special holder that includes artificial gingiva and grey card too handcrafted
by Arnold D in Germany. www.dentalphotography.ro

by Arnold Drachenberg
86
C O L O U R D E T E R M I N AT I O N

Maybe one of the most important roles of photography in dentistry today is the image that helps us chose correctly the colour for our next
restoration. For this, ideal is to have a complete set of 4 images:
- cross-polarised photo
- normal close-up photo ( f18-f22 - iso 100 - exposure time 1/125 - WB on Flash)
- high contrast low brightness ( edit in keynote )
- black & white ( edit in keynote )
To get best of cross polarised photo we can use Smile Lite from SmileLine or Polar_Eyes filter.

87
S P E C I F I C D E N TA L P H O T O G R A P H Y A C C E S S O R I E S

Equipment for dentists and technicians to help them choose right colour and do not make
more mistake due to its polarised lens and daylight L.E.D.
What it does is that it gives you opportunity to see the teeth without any reflections from
the light and you can analyse colour map of the tooth.

88
S P E C I F I C D E N TA L P H O T O G R A P H Y A C C E S S O R I E S

Smile Capture by Smile Line


With this attachment on your smile.lite you can capture images with your
smartphone and determine right colour and see better internal structure
of the tooth, mamelons, halo effects, transparency and translucency.
In order to calibrate white balance in your phone camera it uses a
customised set of grey cards made specially for each type of phone.

89
S P E C I F I C D E N TA L P H O T O G R A P H Y A C C E S S O R I E S

NIKON R1C1

Polar_eyes filters are right choice for the top photographers that desire best quality photos, tool that can capture amazing details and help
professionals see better elements that need to be reproduced especially in anterior area like : halo effect, crack lines or mamelons. It is recommended
for both dentists and technicians that usually need to reproduce single incisive with direct or indirect restorations.

90
New polar_eyes for Canon 270 EX II

91
S P E C I F I C D E N TA L P H O T O G R A P H Y A C C E S S O R I E S

The white_balance grey reference card is made of


polyvinyl chloride acetate (PVCA), lined with a polyvinyl
chloride (PVC) foil which has a uniform spectral reflectance
of a defined value using the CIE L*a*b* 1976 system
specified by the Commission internationale de l’éclairage:
L* 79; a*0, b*0. The standard error of the chromaticity (a*
+ b*) is ± 0.5.
The white_balance card is used for white balancing
digital images which were photographed using the RAW
format either during post production or using the custom
white balance function of any modern DSLR camera.
Because of the known luminosity value (L* 79) of the white_
balance card, it is possible to also calibrate the exposure of
digital images during post production for standardisation
to maximize compatibility, interoperability, repeatability
and quality control. For this purpose, it is equipped with
a circular adjustment area providing the user with four
fields to compensate and average exposure. It also has a
millimetre scale to assist with the DSD protocol. The white_
balance card is made of hypoallergenic materials and can
be disinfected using the cold sterilisation method.
by Sascha Hein
92
S P E C I F I C D E N TA L P H O T O G R A P H Y A C C E S S O R I E S

without contrastor with contrastor

Contrastors will help you get photoshop free backgrounds without light reflections and ideal for unlimited use and sterilisation. You can bend this
retractors over and over again without problems. Also they are patient friendly due to soft cover material that they are wrapped so you can not make any harm.

93
S P E C I F I C D E N TA L P H O T O G R A P H Y A C C E S S O R I E S

The shorter and wider shape side of the retractor


can help us get good shot from anterior view. Lips will
be more retracted, contrastor will have enough space
to get in right position and gingival area revealed
better also. Image from right side is after croping.

REC
OM
END
ED

The longer and narrow shape side of the retractor


can help us get good shot from lateral view. Cheeks
will be more relaxed and patient can pull harder
towards posterior area. In this way we don’t need to
use mirrors to get this photos done. Image from right
side is after croping.

94
S P E C I F I C D E N TA L P H O T O G R A P H Y A C C E S S O R I E S

PHOTO-CAD

In order to avoid foggy surface before using the


mirrors you can apply next tips:
- keep them in hot water
- spray with air during process
- apply liquid soap and clean it out.

95
PERSPECTIVE & SYMMETRY

One of the most important rules to get good photos is to make them while patient is sitting on the normal chair and
not in the dental unit. Camera level has to be at the same height with patient’s eyes and be careful:
- not from up because teeth will look longer
- not from down because teeth will look shorter
- not from left because the left side teeth will be wider and left narrow
- not from right because the right side teeth will be wider and left narrow
Important for intra-oral pictures is to crop images in the way that you will not see nose, beard or any other parts of
patient’s face. In this way you will obtain clean photos focused on your needs.
Use of adequate retractors and contrastors will help you get best possible views. Make sure that you use gloves all
the time when the you make intra-oral photos.

96
FROM UP FROM MOUTH LEVEL FROM DOWN

FROM LEFT FROM FRONT FROM RIGHT

97
F22
F29

INE
L
SAL
NCI
ERI ISO
T 100
IN

LAN
P
N 1/160
IO
LUS
C
O

98
COMISURAL LINE

E
N
LI
R
AL
PI
PU
I-
B

CLOSE-UP SETTINGS

F16 ISO
1/160
F18 100

PORTRAIT SETTINGS

F10 ISO
1/160
F11 100
FACE MIDLINE

99
M ATE R I A L S & S M I LE MAK E OVE R!
Necessary tools & materials for a complete smile makeover protocol:
- Macbook Pro by Apple
- Keynote installed
- Complete set of photos
- Stone model & wax-up
- Impression material
- Retractors & Contrastors
- Mock-up material

In order to get best possible silicone key


for the mock-up cut it 1mm away from cervical
contour in this shape. This way all excess of
the material will get out and you will be ready
to make great pictures right after you remove
silicone key.

100
Ideal wax for aesthetic wax-up is grey wax from Renfert which has ideal consistency for
speedy and accurate work. Is also very good for being better the shape and texture that is
why all professionals use it.
After doing the surface texture is highly recommended to polish the wax, smoothen
surface and only after this protocol to take impression for silicone key.

In order to make some pressure in cervical area we need to scratch this area
before taking impression. In this way all excess will get out and cervical area
will remain completely clean so we can take pictures directly after removing
silicone key.

101
Material for silicone key it has to be not very elastic but also not very rigid. We need
to be able to remove not very easy but also not very hard the silicone key from patient
mouth. If is too elastic it will come out easy and our provisionals will not be very precise,
also in cervical area we are going to have extra material. If is very hard we can break the
wax or worse to brake provisionals when we remove it.

Before inserting silicone key please dry teeth, don’t use vaseline or isolate because mock-up will come down very easy. Picture directly from the
camera after we remove silicone key. As you can see no more excess of material, clean cervical areas, nice and precise surface texture - ready to shoot
with the camera … and yes it is TELIO! Patient can remove mock-up material very easy at home after 2-3 hours or next day if he wants so. In this way we
give patient to have a “test-drive” before even we start prepping.

102
Telio auto curing bis-acryl is easy to use due to its fast curing time and is best of its kind in
reproducing high surface texture details. My favourite colour for doing mock-ups is BL3, in this
way I make a noticeable change for my patient smile and I get high acceptance rate from them.

Very important - after mock-up never show


mirror to patient, just make some shots and
make in 5 minutes a nice presentation that
you will display on large screen. In this way
patient will see himself through your eyes.

TELIO by

103
K EYNOT E & S M I L E MAK E OVE R!

104
K E Y N O T E & S M I L E M A K E OV E R !

In Keynote we can make slides to use them fit our needs. For example:
- gum surgery slide - that can help us measure exactly how much we need to cut to achieve pink
aesthetics.
- ocluzal plan slide - that can help us do a correct aesthetic wax-up in articulator without doing it
tilted in any way.
- golden proportion - this slide will help us get oriented about how next design should look like if
we want to achieve ideal proportions in our next restoration.
- new vs old design - this one we can use to have exact measurements for the new desired wax-up.
- virtual veneers slide - this one will help us visualise the future smile we designed for our patient
without touching and prepping patient teeth.

105
R E C O M M E N D E D E D I T I N G S O F T WA R E

Keynote app is ideal for arranging our pictures


and add logo, also make great presentations and
use it to create a DSD protocol. Chose 1920x1080
resolution and 16:9 format in order to upload it on
Facebook for best possible quality.
It works only on Apple computers and is actually
similar to Power Point in windows but much better
and user friendly.

106
- mask - which is to crop but unlike in
windows you can rotate image or frame in
crop mode. It is most used for arranging
pictures or to make virtual veneers. To
make a virtual veneer import one upper
jaw intra-oral picture then make selection
of the tooth you want to crop ( shape/
draw with pen ) and select by holding
down CMD key both the frame and the
image then click mask. This way you will
make your very own virtual veneer. You
can use it for lips or objects too.

- instant alpha - is used to make


transparency, ideal for int ra-oral photos
wi th black contractors. Press on alpha
icon then go with mouse over the area
you want to make transparent and click
by holding mouse till desired area will get
highlighted and press enter . You can add
then your image on any background.

107
- group/ungroup - with this option selected
you can merge together images and text in
one object. I use it mostly when I create logos
with photos and custom fonts downloaded
from specialised websites. So instead of
having 3 separate elements you will have
only one, ready to copy, duplicate, etc…

- adjust images - I use this function to make


fine tuning of the photos right after arranging
it in the page. I can change exposure,
sharpen the image, change saturation
and many other options. Ideal for colour
determination where you need one picture
with high contrast and low brightness and
another on without saturation, I mean black
& white.

108
- opacity & reflection - this functions do
exactly what they mean, just select a photo
and see what happens. After you select your
object or text you can find it on the right
side: format/style/reflection or format/
style/opacity.

- flip Horizontal/Vertical - with this function


you can flip your pictures as you want and
achieve perfect composition of your poster/
flyer.

109
KEYNOTE

Usually when I start a new project in keynote I choose from the beginning one of the backgrounds like white or black because most of my
photography has this background and is easy to make good composition and nice graphics, collages, etc…
Next step I select format of my presentation 4:3 or 16/9, the last one has full HD resolution (1980/1080) and I start to add photos or videos just by
dragging and dropping them directly from desired folder or from the browser and i start making composition and fine tuning by adding logo or text.
In order to create a beautiful logo download some special and unique fonts from dedicated websites and do your very own original logo easy and fast.

Most common fast commands in Keynote aplication are: DENTAL PHOTOGRAPHY


- CMD S - SAVE
- CMD Z - UNDO
- CMD C - COPY
- CMD V - PASTE
- CMD A - SELECT ALL
- CMD R - RULLER Smile Arhitects
- CMD D - DUPLICATE

110
R E C O M M E N D E D E D I T I N G S O F T WA R E

APERTURE Personally I try to make all my photographies as good as


possible directly from the camera and this includes :
- perspective & attention to details
- colour style ( monochrome or neutral)
In this way i will need minimum editing inside application
and if possible no manipulations.
After arranging photos in keynote in final view I import
the picture in Aperture as JPEG or TIFF file in full HD
resolution (1920/1080) and start editing.
Only after this specific protocol I export pictures out
from Aperture and upload the photos on Facebook making
sure that is checked “upload in high quality” on upload
page. Also this pictures can be sent for print or to be used
for websites and marketing.

Most common used filters:


- SKIN SMOOTHING - this is applied on skin to smoothen it but it does’t destroy it’s texture,
- SHARPENING - is to be applied on lips, eyes, hair and jewellery to get a wet/shiny effect.

111
R E C O M M E N D E D E D I T I N G S O F T WA R E

This is one of the favourite applications of the


photographers worldwide. With LightRoom you can easy
edit and organise your pictures, add great effects and
improve overall look of your pictures.
It is possible to use different filters that Photoshop
uses too like NIK collection filters. Also basic adjustments
like contrast, saturation, exposure, brightness, tint and
many other different filters.

Lightroom by Adobe
BEFORE

AFTER

112
P H OTO M O D E L - CO N T R AC T
Name: ....................................................................................
Address: .................................................................................
Telephone and email: ...........................................................
Hereinafter called “Photographer” –
and
Name: ....................................................................................
Address: .................................................................................
Date of birth: ………...................………….........…………………
Telephone and email: ...........................................................
Hereinafter called “Model” –
agree that the photographer shall be given, irrevocably and without any time limitations, all property rights to the photographs of the model
taken on for any type of use and publication. These rights do not include the commercial use and the sale of the pictures and/or their publication in
pornographic or similarly dubious or non-serious media. The decision to provide the name of the model is left to the discretion of the photographer.

Model contract by Peter Schaller


Within a period of weeks subsequent to the photo shoot the model will receive as her/his remuneration a CD containing a large selection of the
photographs taken during the joint session or, if applicable, processed by the photographer. These photographs can be used freely and free of charge by
the model for her/his personal purposes and for self-promotion such applications, the compilation of a model’s portfolio, the creation her own webpage,
composite cards etc. (this also applies to internet pages, databases and catalogues for model agencies or other third parties). However, any sale and/or
any transfer of the rights to the pictures to third parties, especially for commercial reasons, are excluded. The afore mentioned remuneration provides
complete compensation for all claims made by the model.
This agreement is also valid for possible future photo-shoot sessions if no other explicit agreement has been reached.
Place and date Photographer Model

113
R E C O M M E N D E D E D I T I N G V I D E O E Q U I P M E N T,
S E T T I N G S & S O F T WA R E

IMPORTANT:
- Recommended DSLR : SONY A7 rII , Panasonic GH4 4K
video & Canon 5D SR or more affordable Canon 70D
which i recommend .
- Make short videos of 2-4 seconds
- Check white balance WB, picture style etc…
- Start LIVE VIEW and change settings to get desired view
- Resolution 1920/1080 with 30/60FPS recommended
- Shutter speed should be double the frame rate FPS
- Manual focus - is desired to use Follow Focus Systems
- Final edited video should not be longer than 1min 30 sec
- Add music to create emotion and make it more dynamic.
APLICATIONS

iMovie - by Apple

Final Cut Pro - by Apple

Premiere Elements - by Adobe

114
R E C O M M E N D E D E D I T I N G V I D E O E Q U I P M E N T,
S E T T I N G S & S O F T WA R E

One picture is more than 1000 words, than guess how much a video means. The future in promoting our
business and our work is in video but for this we need a special equipment and applications that can help us get
good and fast results when recording and editing.
We need follow focus system, sliders, special video VDSLR lenses and continuos light systems unlike in
photography where we mainly use flash lights.

115
WEB

USEFUL
www.dentalphotography.ro - Here you can find:
- Dental photography courses and my course program,
- Accessories & tips for dental photography,
S I T E S
DENTAL PHOTOGRAPHY
- My book & DVD about Dental Photography.

www.ivoclarvivadent.com - Here you can find:


- Optragate retractors,
- Virtual impression material for perfect silicon key,
- Telio bis-acryl for mock-up technique,
- Vario.link cementation solution for adhesive restaurations.

www.emulation.gr - Here you can find:


- Polar_eyes filter for polarised photography,
- Flour_eyes for dental photography,
- Visual_eyes for ceramic build ups.

116
WEB

USEFUL
S I T E S
www.snapsort.com & www.lenshero.com - Here you can find: www.photomed.net - Here you can find:
- Complete comparization guide for cameras that can help you decide - Complete kits for dental photography,
what camera to buy and why. - Accessories & usefull tools for dental photography.
- Complete lens comparisation guide

www.lumiquest.com - Here you can find:


- Bouncers, mini softboxes and reflectors
www.agnos.com - Here you can find:
- Scorpion - medical bracket for Nikon and Canon,
- Accessories for photography. www.b&hphotovideo.com - Here you can find:
- All that is related to photography and videography

www.walimexpro.de - Here you can find:


- Complete flash kits for photography,
- Bracket arms, accessories and reflectors.

117
DENTAL PHOTOGRAPHY
KEYNOTE & SMILE MAKEOVER
GLAMOUR & ARTISTIC PHOTOGRAPHY

118
COURSE PROGRAM DAY I
09:00 Theoretical part:
• Equipment for dental photography
• Settings for dental photography
• Calibrating camera & lens for dental photography
• Using camera in full M manual mode
• Marketing & Facebook thru photography

14:00 Hands-On & Tips & Tricks part:


• Intraoral photography
• Shade & Colour in dentistry
• Crosspolarisation photography
• Laboratory photography
• Digital Smile Design … Video & Photo protocol with live patient.

119
COURSE PROGRAM DAY II
09:00 Digital Smile Design & Keynote tips & tricks
Hands-On part:
• Motivational tools in modern dentistry
• Setting MacBook for optimal performance
• Setting keynote for best use for DSD
• Create your logo, presentation and animations
• Step-by-step smile makeover protocols in Keynote

14:00 Hands-On part II:


• Protocols for esthetic dentistry
• Live wax-up & Mock-up with LIVE patient
• Creating motivational & emotional presentation in
• keynote for patient
• After photography & Video

120
COURSE PROGRAM DAY III
09:00 Portraits & Close-ups in dentistry
Hands-On part:
• Close-up photography Lips & Smiles
• B&W portraits artistic
• Headshots & Portraits with black and white background
• Artistic photography and how to create posters for your clinic or lab

14:00 Hands-On part II:


• Step-by-step editing protocols in Keynote & Aperture
• Videos in dentistry live editing in Final Cut Pro X

121
COURSE PROGRAM Requirements & Recomandations - Participants
• DSLR camera ( Nikon D7200, Canon 80D )
• Macro lens ( Tokina 100mm Macro pro ATX,
Canon 100mm, Nikon 105mm, Tamron 90mm )
• Macro twin flash or ring flash (Nikon R1C1,
Canon 270 EX II, Nissin i40 )
• MacBook completely updated
• Keynote last version installed
• 32Gb SanDisk SD CARD 90Mb/s

122
COURSE PROGRAM Requirements - organiser
• Conference room minimum 7x8m or bigger
• Full HD projector with HDMI cable
• Maximum 15-16 participants
• Patient for Smile Makeover
• Professional PhotoModel with full lips
• Make-up artist

123
COURSE PROGRAM Because i care and i love what i do i made my brand of accesories for dental
photography. I was receiving so many questions every day:
• what camera?
• what lens?
• what accesories? … and so on …
… so i gathered them in one place. Some of them are made in France, Italy, Romania,
China. My promise is to make dentist and technician life much easier when it comes
to dental photography and simplify, yet make them do pro level dental photography.
www.dentalphotography.ro

124
Special thanks for support to:

www.ivoclar.com www.smileline.ch

125
Dental photography is not a trend,
is the way I work, it’s a must !

DENTAL PHOTOGRAPHY

All rights reserved to Miladinov Milos Dental Photography


www.dentalphotography.ro

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