IIT-Foundation Class 8 Maths Sample PDF

IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer - Mathematics Class - VIII
Integrated
Syllabus
l Simple, clear and systematic presentation
l Concept maps provided for every chapter
l Set of objective and subjective questions at the
end of each chapter
l Previous contest questions at the end of each
chapter
e) m
l Designed to fulfill the preparation needs for
international/national talent exams, olympiads
and all competitive exams FOUNDATION & OLYMPIAD
pl co
UNIQUE ATTRACTIONS
m t.
●
CLASS -
X
CLASS - VIII
n
● Cross word Puzzles
Sa le
● Graded Exercise
■ Basic Practice
Further Practice
e ta
■
Rs. 85
■ Brain Works Detailed solutions
for all problems
● Multiple Answer Questions of IIT Foundation &
re a
● Paragraph Questions Olympiad Explorer
are available in this book
(F .bm
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e) m
FOUNDATION & OLYMPIAD
pl co
m t.n
MATHEMATICS
Sa le
e ta
CLASS - VIII
re a
(F bm.
w
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www.bmatalent.com
Published by:
Brain Mapping Academy

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e) m
✆ 040–65165169, 66135169
E–mail: bmahyd@rediffmail.com
Website: www.bmatalent.com
pl co
C Brain Mapping Academy
m t.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
n
system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without
the prior written permission of the publisher.
Sa le
e ta
Publication Team
Authors: Y.S. Srinivasu
re a
Design & Typing: P. S. Chakravarthi & Syed Ashraf Ali

(F bm
ISBN: 978-81-907285-3-9
Disclaimer
.
Every care has been taken by the compilers and

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publishers to give correct, complete and updated information.

In case there is any omission, printing mistake or any
other error which might have crept in inadvertently,
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neither the compiler / publisher nor any of the

distributors take any legal responsibility.
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In case of any dispute, all matters are subject to the exclusive

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Preface
Speed and accuracy play an important role in climbing the competitive ladder. Students
have to integrate the habit of being able to calculate and function quickly as well as efficiently
e) m
in order to excel in the learning culture. They need to think on their feet, understand basic
requirements, identify appropriate information sources and use that to their best advantage.
pl co
The preparation required for the tough competitive examinations is fundamentally different
from that of qualifying ones like the board examinations. A student can emerge successful in
a qualifying examination by merely scoring the minimum percentage of marks, whereas in a
m t.
competitive examination, he has to score high and perform better than the others taking the
examination.
n
Sa le
This book provides all types of questions that a student would be required to tackle at the
foundation level. It will also help the student in identifying the pattern of questions set for
e ta
various competitive examinations. Constant practice and familiarity with these questions
will not only make him/her conceptually sound, but will also give the student the confidence
re a
to face any entrance examination with ease.

(F bm
Students are advised to go through every question carefully and try to solve it on their own.
They should also attempt different methods and alternate processes in reaching the desired
solution and seek their teacher’s help if required.
.
Valuable suggestions as well as criticism from the teacher and student community are most
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welcome and will be incorporated in the ensuing edition.

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Publisher
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CONTENTS
e) m
1. Number System ............................. 07
pl co
2. Exponents and Radicals ............... 46
m t.
3. Sets ................................................ 65
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4. Mensuration – I ............................. 93
Sa le
e ta
5. Polynomials – I.............................. 126
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6. Linear Equations .......................... 148

(F bm
7. Inequalities – I .............................. 177
8. Arithmetic .................................... 207

.
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9. Plane Geometry – I ...................... 231

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10. Coordinate Geometry – I ............ 275

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Answers ....................................... 328

IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer Mathematics / Class - VIII
Chapter
4
1
MENSURATION-I
e) m
pl co
SYNOPSIS
I. Areas and Dimensions of Plane Figures
1. Triangle
m t.
(i) Equilateral Triangle
A
n
Sa le
a a
h
e ta
B a a C
D
2 2
re a
1
Area A = × base × height
2
(F bm
1
= × b× h
2
3
.
but h = a
2
w
1 3 3 2
∴ A = × a× a = a
w
2 2 4
(ii) Right - Angled Triangle
w
1 A
Area A = × base × height
2
1 d
= bh h
2
but h = d2 − b2
1 B C
∴ A = b( d2 − b2 ) b
2
4. Mensuration - I 93
© Brain Mapping Academy
(iii) Acute Angled Triangle

A
Area (A) = s (s − a )(s − b )(s − c )
a+b+c h
Where S =
2
B D C
S is the semi - perimeter of the triangle
e) m
2
1 b  a 2 + b2 − c2 
bh = ⋅ a − 
pl co
2
A = 
2 2  2b 
(iv) Obtuse Angled Triangle
m t.
A
n c
b
Sa le )
B a C
e ta
Area (A) = s (s − a )(s − b )(s − c )

re a
a+b+c
Where S =
(F bm
2
1 b 2  c2 − a2 − b2 
A= bh = a − 
2 2  2b 
.
2. Quadrilaterals
w
(i) Square
a
w
d
w
a a
a
(i) Area = (side)2 = a2
(ii) Side (a) = area
(iii) Perimeter(s) = 4 × side = 4a
2 (side ) =
2
(iv) Diagonal (D) = 2 × Area = 1.414 Area
(ii) Rectangle
d b
e) m
(i) Area (A) = length × breadth = l × b
(ii) Area (A) = l d 2 − l2 = b . d 2 − b2
pl co
(iii) Perimeter (S) = 2 (length + breadth)
= 2(l + b)
(iv) Diagonal (D) = l2 + b 2
m t.
(iii) Parallelogram
n
Sa le
h
e ta
b
re a
(i) Area (A) = base × height

= bh
(F bm
A
(ii) b =
h
A
.
(iii) h =
b
w
(iv) Rhombus
w
d2
d1
w
1
Area (A) = × product of its diagonals
2
1
= × d1 × d2
2
(v) Trapezium
b
h h
e) m
a
1
Area (A) = (sum of parallel sides) × height
pl co
2
1
= (a + b)h
2
---
m t.
---------------
---------------
(vi) Trapezoid
n
- - -- - - - - -
- - -- - - - - -
- - -- -
--
Sa le
-- H
h --
- --
--
- --
e ta
--
b a c
(H + h ) a + bh + CH
re a
Area (A) =
2
A trapezoid can be divided into two triangles as indicated by dotted lines. The area
(F bm
of each of these triangles is calculated, and the result added to find the area of
trapezoid.
3. Circle
πd 2
Area of circle (A) = π r2 =
.
(i)
4
w
Where r = radius
d = diameter of a circle
w
w
r
•
(ii) Circumference = 2 π r = π d = 3.14d

area
(iii) Radius =
π
circumference
(iv) Diameter =
π
SOLVED EXAMPLES
Example 4.1
The difference of the area of the circumscribed and the inscribed squares of a circle is 35
sq.cm. Find the area of the circle.
e) m
x
pl co
m t.n
Solution:
Let the radius of the circle be x cm

Sa le
∴ diameter = 2x cm
e ta
Now, diagonal of the inscribed square = 2x cm
diagonal 2
re a
∴ Area of the inscribed square =

2
(F bm
(2x)2
= = 2x2 sq. cm
2
Again side of the circumscribed square = 2x cm

.
Area of the circumscribed square = (2x)2 sq.cm

w
∴
= 4x2 sq.cm
w
So, by the problem,
4x2 2x2 = 35
w
or 2x2 = 35
35
x2 =
2
22 35
Area of circle = πx 2 = × = 55 sq.cm.
7 2
Example 4.2
The sides of a triangle are a = 13 cm, b = 1 4 cm, c = 15 cm, the sides a and b are the
tangents to a circle , whose centre lies on the third side. Find the circumference of the
circle.
Note: 1. Tangent is a line touching the circle at one point.
2. Radius is perpendicular to the tangent.
e) m
C
m a=
14c 13
b = cm
pl co
A B
O
m t.n
Solution:
The centre O of the circle lies an AB and let r cm be the be the radius of the cirlce.
Sa le
Since radius is perpendicular to the tangent at the point of contact.
e ta
1 1
The area of ∆BOC = × 13 × r sq.cm and ∆AOC = × 14 × r sq.cm
2 2
Hence the total area of the ∆ABC = ∆BOC + ∆AOC
re a
1 1
(F bm

=  .13.r + .14.r  sq.cm
2 2 
1
= × r × 27 sq.cm
2
.
w
13 + 14 + 15
Again if S = semi-perimeter= cm
2
w
= 21 cm
The area of ∆ ABC = s(s − a)(s − b)(s − c) = 21(8)(7)(6) = 84 sq.cm

w
∴ Comparing these two,

1
× r × 27 = 84
2
56
or r= cm
9
22 56 1
∴ Circumference of the circle = 2πr = 2 × × = 39 cm
7 9 9
Example 4.3
The two adjacent sides of a parallelogram are 5 cm and 4 cm respectively and if the
respective diagonal is 7 cm, then find the area of the parallelogram?
Solution:
Required area = 2 s(s − a)(s − b)(s − D)
e) m
a+b+D 5+4+7
where s = = =8
2 2
pl co
= 2 8(8 − 5)(8 − 4)(8 − 7)
= 2 8 × 3 × 4 = 8 6 = 19.6 sq.cm
m t.
Example 4.4
A 5100 sq.cm trapezium has the perpendicular distance between the two parallel sides
n
60 cm. If one of the parallel sides be 40 cm then find the length of the other parallel
sides.
Sa le
Solution:
e ta
Let the length of the unknown parallel side be x cm.
1
A = (a + b) h
re a
2
(F bm
1
or 5100 = (40 + x) × 60
2
or 170 = 40 + x
∴ Required other parallel side = 170 40 = 130 cm
.
w
Example 4.5
How many metres of a carpet 75 cm wide will be required to cover the floor of a room
w
which is 20 metres long and 12 metres broad?

Solution:
w
length of room × breadth of room

Length required =
width of carpet
20 × 12
∴ Length required = = 320 m
0.75
Example 4.6
How many paving stones each measuring 2.5 m × 2 m are required to pave a rectangular
courtyard 30 m long and 16.5 m wide?
Solution:
length × breadth of courtyard

Number of teles requied = length × breadth of each tile
30 × 16.5
= = 99
2.5 × 2
e) m
Example 4.7
A hall-room 39 m 10 cm long and 35 m 70 cm broad is to be paved with equal square tiles.
pl co
Find the largest tile so that the tiles exactly fit and also find the number of tiles re-
quired.
Solution:
m t.
Side of largest possible tile = H.C.F of length and breadth of the room
= H.C.F of 39.10 and 35.70 m
n = 1.70 m
Sa le
Also, number of tiles required
length × breadth of room
e ta
= (H.C.F of length and breadth of the room)2
39.10 × 35.70
re a
= = 483
1.70 × 1.70
(F bm
Example 4.8
A rectangular grassy plot is 112 m by 78 m. It has a gravel path 2.5 m wide all round it
on the inside. Find the area of the path and the cost of constructing it at Rs. 2 per square
metre?
.
Solution:
w
Area of path = (12 × 78) (107 × 73)

= 925 sq.m
w
Cost of construction = rate × area

= 2 × 925 = Rs. 1850
w
Example 4.9
A square field of 2 sq. kilometers is to be divided into two equal parts by a fence which
coincides with a diagonal. Find the length of the fence.
Solution:
Area of square = 2 km2
∴ Diagnol = 2 × 2 km = 2 kilometeres.
Hence length of the fence = 2 km
2
 55 
∴ Other diagonal = 2 × (36.5)2 −   = 48 cm
 2 
1 1
Now, area = (product of diagonals) = × 48 × 55 = 1320 sq.cm
2 2
e) m
Example 4.13
A hall whose length is 16 m and breadth twice its height takes 168 m of paper 2 m wide
for its four walls. Find the area of the floor.
pl co
Solution:
Let the breadth = 2h m, then height = h m
Area of walls = 2(16 + 2h) h sq.m
m t.
Area of paper = 168 × 2 sq.m
∴
n2(16 + 2h)h = 168 × 2 ∴ (8 + h) h = 84
Sa le
On solving h = 6, 14; 14 is not acceptable
∴ h = 6 and breadth = 12
e ta
∴ Area of floor = 16 × 12 sq.m = 192 sq.m
Example 4.14
re a
The length of a rectangle is increased by 60%. By what per cent should the width be
decreased to maintain the same area?
(F bm
Solution:
Let the length and breadth be x and y then its area = xy
 160  8x
New length = x  =
 100  5
.
w
xy 5y
As the area remains the same, the new breadth of the rectangle = =
8x 8
w
3y 5
5y
∴ Decrease in breadth = y =
8 8
w
3y × 100 75 1
∴ % decrease in breadth = = = 37 %
8×y 2 2
Example 4.15
If the length of a rectangle increases by 10% and the breadth of the rectangle decreases
by 12% then find the % change in area.
Soluton:
Let length = 100 units and breadth = 100 units
Then Area = 100 × 100 = 10000 square units

New length = 110 units
New breadth = 88 units
New Area = 110 × 88 = 9680 sq. units
320
∴ % change in area = × 100 = 3.2%
e) m
10000
Example 4.16
pl co
(a) What is the relation between a circle and an equilateral triangle which is inscribed
in the circle?
(b) What is the relation between an equilateral triangle and a circle inscribed in a
circle?
m t.
(c) An equilateral triangle is circumscribed by a circle and another circle is inscribed
in that triangle. Find the ratio of the areas of two circles?
Solution:
n
Sa le
π 2
(a) The area of a circle circumscribing an equilateral triangle of side x is x
3
e ta
π 2
(b) The area of a circle inscribed in an equilateral triangle of side x is x .
12
π 2 π 2
re a
(c) From the above, we can say that the required ratio = x : x
3 12
(F bm
1 1
= : =4:1
3 12
Example 4.17
.
The front wheels of a wagon are 2π m in circumference and the back wheels are 3π m
w
feet in circumference. When the front wheels have made 10 more revolutions than the
back wheels, how many metres has the wagon travelled?
w
Solution:
Suppose the back wheel has made x revolutions.
w
∴ Front wheel has made (10 + x) revolutions.

⇒ 3 π x = 2 π (10 + x)
⇒ π x = 2 π × 10 ⇒ x = 20
∴ The wagon has travelled 3 π x = 60 π .
Example 4.18
Amar drew a square. He then erased it and drew a second square whose sides were 3
times the sides of the first square. By what percent was the area of the square increased?
Example 4.21
ABCD is a rectangle with sides AB = x and AD = y. E is the mid point of DC. Then find the
area of the shaded portion?
A B
e) m
D E C
pl co
1 1
Soluton: Area of ∆ ABE = × AB × ⊥ from E on AB = xy.
2 2
Example 4.22
m t.
The area of the larger square is a2 and that of the smaller square is b2. Then
n
Sa le
e ta
re a
Area of theshaded portion

(F bm
find Area of the larg er square .
Solution:
a 2 − b2 b2  b  b
2 = 1 2 = 
1 +  1 −  .
a a  a  a
.
w
Example 4.23
What will be the perimeter of a rectangle if its length is 3 times its width and the length
w
of the diagonal is 8 10 cm?

Solution:
w
9B2 + B2 = (8 10 )2 = 640 ⇒ B2 = 64 ⇒ B = 8
8 10
B
3B
∴ Perimeter = 8B = 64 cm.
Example 4.24
What will be the ratio of the circumference to the diameter of a circle if its original
radius is tripled?
Solution:
2πr
= Ratio of the circumference to the diameter of the circle = π = Independent of the
2r
e) m
radius.
Example 4.25
pl co
There are two 2-metre wide cross roads in a lawn 150 m by 120 m dimensions. One of
the roads is parallel to the length and the other is parallel to the breadth. If it costs Rs.
2 per sq. metre for levelling the road, what would be the cost involved ?
m t.
Solution:
Area of the road = 150 × 2 + 120 × 2 2 × 2
n = 300 + 240 4 = 536 sq m.
Sa le
The cost for levelling the road = 536 × 2 = Rs. 1072
Example 4.26
e ta
What is the area of the triangle in which two of its medians 9 cm and 12 cm long inter-
sect at right angles?
re a
Solution:
(F bm
1
Area of the triangle = 2 × × 12 × 6 = 72 sq.cm
2
Example 4.27
If one leg of an isosceles right-angled triangle is increased by 6 cm and that of the other
.
leg decreased by 4 cm, then the area of the triangle decreases by 24 sq cm. Find the
w
length of the leg of the original triangle.

Solution:
w
Let x be the length of the leg of the right-angled isosceles triangle, originally.
w
x
1 2
Its area = x
2
1
The area of the new triangle = (x 4) (x + 6)
2
x −4
e) m
x+6
1 2 1
pl co
∴ x = (x 4) (x + 6) + 24
2 2
⇒ x2 = x2 + 2x 24 + 48 ⇒ x = 12.
m t.
Example 4.28
What is the ratio of the heights of two isosceles triangles which have equal vertical
n
angles, and of which the areas are in the ratio of 9 : 16?
Sa le
Solution:
Let the heights be h1 and h2. Let the bases be B1 and B2 respectively.
e ta
1
× B1 × h1
2 9
∴ =
1
re a
16
× B2 × h 2
2
(F bm
B1 B
Let = 2 = k, say
h1 h2
h12 9 h1 3
=
.
∴ = ⇒
h 22 16 h2 4
w
Example 4.29
w
Four horses are tethered at four corners of a square plot of side 14 metres (m) so that the
adjacent horses can just reach one another. There is a small circular pond of area 20 m2 at
w
the centre. Find the ungrazed area.

Solution:
Total area = 14 × 14 = 196 m2
 π × r2 
Grazed area =   × 4 = π r2 = 22 × 7 (r = 7)
 4 
= 154 m2
Ungrazed area = (196 154) = 42 m2
CONCEPT MAP
e) m
pl co
m t.n
Sa le
e ta
re a
(F bm.
w
w
w
BASIC PRACTICE
1. What is the area of the shaded region?
15 cm
8 cm
e) m
pl co
12 cm
2. In the figure drawn below, its dimensions are given in metres.
(a) Find the perimeter of the figure in terms of C.
m t.
(b) If C = 3, find the total cost to fence the garden if the cost of fencing is ` 7 per metre.
n 9
Sa le
c
12
6 c
e ta
re a
(5 + c)
3. What is the area of triangle ABC?
(F bm
A
9c
m
D
3c
m
.
4 cm
w
C
w
B
4. The figure below is made up of an isoceles triangle and a semi-circle. Find the perimeter
of the figure.
w
m
7c
8
cm
5. The figure is made up of two identical small circles and a large circle with diameter 28
22
cm. Taking π = , express the shaded area as a fraction of the total area.
7
e) m
pl co
28 cm
6. The ratio of the area of A to the area of D is 4 : 5 and the ratio of the area of B to the area
of C is 1 : 3. Find the ratio of the area of A to the area of C.
m t.
A
B
D
n C
Sa le
7. The figure is made up of 2 big identical quarter circles of radius 8 cm and a small quarter
circle. Find the perimeter of the figure.
e ta
3 cm
re a
(F bm
8. The figure is made up of 2 rectangles
3 cm
.
w
7r cm
4r cm
3 cm 3 cm
w
3 cm
(a) What is the perimeter of the big rectangle?
w
(b) What is the area of the small rectangle?

9. The figure shows a trapezium PQRS. Given that RQ = PQ = 8 cm and the area of triangle
OPQ is 12.8 cm2, what is the area of triangle OPS?
S R
O 8 cm
e) m
P 8 cm Q
10. By what percentage will the area of a square change if its side increases by 10%?
pl co
11. The wheel of a cycle covers 660 metres by making 500 revolutions. What is the diameter
of the wheel (in cm)?
12. In the given figure, what is the minimum distance, in metres, that a person would have
to walk to go from the point A to a point on the side BC?
m t.
A
n
Sa le
e ta
B C
re a
Note : The diagram is not drawn to scale.

13. Find the ratio of the area of a square to that of the square drawn on its diagonal?
(F bm
14. A wire bent in the form of a square enclosed an area of 121 sq cm. If the same wire is
bent so as to form a circle, then find the area enclosed?
15. All the three quadrilaterals ADEC, ABIH and BCGF are squares and ∠ ABC = 90o. If the
area of ADEC = x2 and area of AHIB = y2 (x2 > y2), then find the area of BCGF?
.
D
w
w
E
w
H A
C
I B
F G
24. Find the area of quadrilateral ABCD given below.
e) m
pl co
m t.
25. Find the area of the shaded portion. Given that each circle is having a radius of 2 cm.
n
Sa le
e ta
re a
26. PQRS is the diameter of a circle of radius 6 cm. The lengths PQ, QR and RS are equal.
(F bm
Find the area of the shaded portion.
R2
P S
Q
.
R
R1
w
w
27. In the given figure ∠B = 90o , AC is diameter of a semicircle and with BC as radius, a
quarter circle is drawn, find the area of the shaded portion.
w
FURTHER PRACTICE
1. Three horses are grazing within a semi-circular field. In the diagram given below, AB is
the diameter of the semi-circular field with centre at O. Horses are tied up at P, R and S
such that PO and RO are the radii of semi-circles with centres at P and R respectively,
and S is the centre of the circle touching the two semi-circles with diameters AO and
OB. The horses tied at P and R can graze within the respective semi-circle and the horse
tied at S can graze within the circle centred at S. The percentage of the area of the semi-
e) m
circles with diameter AB that cannot be grazed by the horses is nearest to:
pl co
S
m t.
A P O R B
A) 20
n B) 28 C) 36 D) 40
Sa le
2. A vertical tower OP stands at the centre O of a square ABCD. Let h and b denote the
length OP and AB respectively. Suppose ∠ APB = 60o then the relationship between h
e ta
and b can be expressed as:
A) 2b2 = h2 B) 2h2 = b2 C) 3b2 = 2h2 D) 3h2 = 2b2

re a
3. In the figure below, the rectangle at the corner measures 10 cm × 20 cm. The corner A
of the rectangle is also a point on the circumference of the circle. What is the radius of
(F bm
the circle in cm?
A
.
w
A) 10 cm B) 40 cm C) 50 cm D) 30 cm
w
4. Consider two different cloth-cutting processes. In the first one, n circular cloth pieces
are cut from a square cloth piece of side a in the following steps: the original square of
w
side a is divided into n smaller squares, not necessarily of the same size; then a circle of
maximum possible area is cut from each of the smaller squares. In the second process,
only one circle of maximum possible area is cut from the square of side a and the
process ends there. The cloth pieces remaining after cutting the circles are scrapped in
both the processes. The ratio of the total area of scrap cloth generated in the former to
that in the later is:
n(4 − π) 4n − π
A) 1 : 1 B) 2 :1 C) D)
4n − π n(4 − π)
5. In the figure below (not drawn to scale), rectangle ABCD is inscribed in the circle with
centre at O. The length of side AB is greater than that of side BC. The ratio of the area
of the circle to the area of the rectangle ABCD is π : 3 . The line segment DE intersects
AB at E such that ∠ ODC = ∠ ADE. What is the ratio AE : AD?
A E B
O
e) m
D C
pl co
A) 1 : 3 B) 1 : 2 C) 1 : 2 3 D) 1 : 2
6. Let S1 be a square of side a. Another square S2 is formed by joining the mid-points of the
sides of S1. The same process is applied to S2 to form yet another square S3, and so on. If
m t.
A1, A2, A3, ... be the areas and P1, P2, P3, ... be the perimeters of S1, S2, S3, ...., respectively,
then the ratio:
n P1 + P2 + P3 + ...
equals:
Sa le
A1 + A 2 + A 3 + ...
2(1 + 2) 2(2 − 2) 2(2 + 2) 2(1 + 2 2)

e ta
A) B) C) D)
a a a a
7. A piece of paper is in the shape of a right-angled triangle and is cut along a line that is
re a
parallel to the hypotenuse, leaving a smaller triangle. There was a 35% reduction in the
length of the hypotenuse of the triangle. If the area of the original triangle was 34
(F bm
square inches before the cut, what is the area (in square inches) of the smaller triangle?
A) 16.665 B) 16.565 C) 15.465 D) 14.365
1 1 1
8. The sides of a triangle are in the ratio of : : . If the perimeter is 52 cm, then the
2 3 4
.
length of the smallest side is:

w
A) 9 cm B) 10 cm C) 11 cm D) 12 cm
9. A, B and C start running at the same time and from the same point around a circular
w
track of 70 metres radius. A and B run clockwise and C counter clockwise. If A meets C
every 88 seconds and B meets C every 110 seconds, then A meets B every _____ seconds.
A) 22 B) 198 C) 440 D) 212
w
10. A pond 100 m in diameter is surrounded by a circular grass walk 2 m wide. How many
square meters of grass is there on the walk?
A) 98 π B) 100 π C) 204 π D) 202 π
11. The length of a rectangle is increased by 60%. By what percent would the width be
decreased so as to maintain the same area?
1
A) 37 % B) 60% C) 75% D) 120%
2
24. In the figure, ABCD is a square with side 10. BFD is an arc of a circle with centre C. BGD
is an arc of a-circle with centre A. What is the area of the shaded region?
A 10 B
10
e) m
pl co
D C
A) 100 50 π B) 100 257 π C) 50 π 100 D) 25 π 100
25. A steel wire bent in the form of a square of area 121 cm 2. If the same wire is bent in the
m t.
form of a circle, then the area of the circle is:
A) 130 cm2 B) 136 cm2 C) 154 cm2 D) 168 cm2
26. n
The number of revolutions made by a wheel of diameter 56 cm in covering a distance of
Sa le
 22 
1.1 km is  Use π = :
 7 
A) 31.25 B) 56.25 C) 625 D) 62.5
e ta
27. Semi-circular lawns are attached to the edges of a rectangular field measuring 42 m × 35
m. The area of the total field is:
re a
A) 3818.5 m2 B) 8318 m2 C) 5813 m2 D) 1358 m2

28. A wire is in the form of a circle of radius 35 cm. If it is bent into the shape of a rhombus,
(F bm
what is the side of the rhombus?

A) 32 cm B) 70 cm C) 55 cm D) 17 cm
29. The cross-section of a canal is in the form of a trapezium. If the canal top is 10 m wide
and the bottom is 6 m wide, and the area of cross-section is 72 m 2, then the depth of the
.
canal is:
w
A) 10 m B) 7 m C) 6 m D) 9 m
30. A wire is looped in the form of a circle of radius 28 cm. It is re-bent into a square form.
Determine the length of the side of the square.
w
A) 44 cm B) 45 cm C) 46 cm D) 48 cm
31. A circular grassy plot of land, 42 m in diameter, has a path 3.5 m wide running round it
w
on the outside. Find the cost of gravelling the path at Rs. 4 per square metre.
A) Rs. 2002 B) Rs. 2003 C) Rs. 2004 D) Rs. 2000
32. If the circumference and the area of a circle are numerically equal, then what is the
numerical value of the diameter?
A) 1 B) 2 C) 4 D) π
33. A wire is in the form of a circle of radius 35 cm. If it is bent into the shape of a rhombus,
what is the side of the rhombus?
A) 32 cm B) 70 cm C) 55 cm D) 17 cm
44. In the figure, when the outer circles all have radii r, then the radius of the inner circle will be:
e) m
pl co
1 2
A) 2r B) ( 2 − 1)r C) D)
2r ( 2 + 1)r
BRAIN WORKS
m t.
1. Find the perimeter of the shaded portion.
n
Sa le
e ta
re a
(F bm
2. PQRS is the diameter of a circle of radius 6 cm. The lengths PQ, QR and RS are equal.
Semi-circles are drawn with PQ and QS as diameters as shown in figure. Find the ratio
of the area of the shaded region to that of the unshaded region.
.
w
Q R
P S
w
w
3. In the given figure DC = CB = 4 cm and AE = 2 cm. Calculate the area of shaded portion,
if DC||AB.
4. Find the area of the shaded portion.
e) m
5. The figure below shows two concentric circles with centre O. PQRS is a square inscribed
pl co
in the outer circle. It also circumscribes the inner circle, touching it at points B, C, D
and A. What is the ratio of the perimeter of the outer circle to that of polygon ABCD?
P B Q
m t.n A O C
Sa le
S D R
e ta
6. Four identical coins are placed in a square. For each coin, the ratio of area of circumference
is same as the ratio of circumference to area. Then, find the area of the square that is
not covered by the coins.
re a
(F bm.
w
7. AB is the diameter of the given circle, while points C and D lie on the circumference as
w
shown. If AB is 15 cm, AC is 12 cm and BD is 9 cm, find the area of the quadrilateral

ACBD.
C
w
A B
D
8. The adjoining figures shows a set of concentric squares. If the diagonal of the innermost
square is 2 units, and if the distance between the corresponding corners of any two
successive squares is 1 unit, find the difference between the areas of the eight and the
seventh squares, counting from the innermost square.
15. Two sides of a plot measure 32 metres and 24 metres and the angle between them is a
perfect right angle. The other two sides measure 25 metres each and the other three
angles are not right angles.
25
24
25
e) m
32
pl co
What is the area of the plot (in m2)?
16. Euclid has a triangle in mind. Its longest side has length 20 and another of its sides has
length 10. Its area is 80. What is the exact length of its third side?
m t.
17. A rectangular pool 20 metres wide and 60 metres long is surrounded by a walkway of
uniform width. If the total area of the walkway is 516 square metres, how wide, in
n
metres, is the walkway?
Sa le
18. Consider a circle with unit radius. There are seven adjacent sectors, S1, S2, S3 . . . S7, in
1
the circle such that their total area is of the area of the circle. Further, the area of
8
e ta
the jth sector is twice that of the (j 1)th sector, for j = 2, ... 7. Find the area of the sector
S1.
re a
19. A former has decided to build a wire fence along one straight side of his property. For
this, he planned to place several fence-posts at 6 m intervals, with posts fixed at both
(F bm
ends of the side. After he bought the posts and wire, he found that the number of posts
he had bought was 5 less than required. However, he discovered that the number of
posts he had bought would be just sufficient if he spaced them 8 m apart. What is the
length of the side of his property and how many posts did he buy?
.
20. What is the number of distinct triangles with integral valued sides and perimeter as 14?
w
MULTIPLE ANSWER QUESTIONS

w
1. If each side an equilateral triangle is 4 3 cm then which of the following is/are true?
A) If area is natural number
w
B) Numerical value of area and perimeter are same/equal

C) Perimeter s an irrational number
D) All of these are correct
2. If area of a triangle is 12 cm2, then which of the following pairs of base and height are possible?
A) Base = 12 cm, Height = 1 cm B) Base = 6 cm, Height = 3 cm
C) Base = 8 cm, Height = 3 cm D) Base = 4 cm, Height = 6 cm
3. Area of any triangle will be doubled if
A) base be doubled B) each side is doubled
C) height is doubled D) Both base and height are doubled
PARAGRAPH QUESTIONS
Passage - I
Area of a rectangle is twice the area of a triangle with base a and height b.
1. The figure below is made up of a square, a triangle and a rectangle. Find the area of the
shaded region.
e) m
6 cm
pl co
4 cm
9 cm
m t.
A) 32 m2 B) 40.5 m2 C) 52.5 cm2 D) 72 m2
n
Sa le
Passage - II
e ta
Πr2θ
Area of a sector is
360o
re a
All the sides of a square are equal.

1. The figure below consists of a square, a quarter circle and a semicircle.
(F bm
a. Find the area of the shaded portion. b. Find the perimeter of the shaded portion.
.
10 cm
w
w
10 cm
2. The figure is made up of a rectangle and 2 similar semicircles. Find the perimeter of the
w
shaded portion.
43 m
21 m
21 m
IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer - Mathematics Class - VIII
Integrated
Syllabus
l Simple, clear and systematic presentation
l Concept maps provided for every chapter
l Set of objective and subjective questions at the
end of each chapter
l Previous contest questions at the end of each
chapter
e) m
l Designed to fulfill the preparation needs for
international/national talent exams, olympiads
and all competitive exams FOUNDATION & OLYMPIAD
pl co
UNIQUE ATTRACTIONS
m t.
●
CLASS -
X
CLASS - VIII
n
● Cross word Puzzles
Sa le ● Graded Exercise
■ Basic Practice
Further Practice
e ta
■
■ Brain Works Detailed solutions

for all problems
● Multiple Answer Questions of IIT Foundation &
re a
● Paragraph Questions Olympiad Explorer

are available in this book
(F bm.
w
w
w
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IIT Foundation & Olympiad Explorer - Mathematics Class - VIII

India’s FIRST scientifically designed portal

A unique opportunity to take about 50 tests per subject.

Brain Mapping Academy

Design & Typing: P. S. Chakravarthi & Syed Ashraf Ali

Every care has been taken by the compilers and

publishers to give correct, complete and updated information.

neither the compiler / publisher nor any of the

In case of any dispute, all matters are subject to the exclusive

to face any entrance examination with ease.

welcome and will be incorporated in the ensuing edition.

6. Linear Equations .......................... 148

7. Inequalities – I .............................. 177

8. Arithmetic .................................... 207

9. Plane Geometry – I ...................... 231

10. Coordinate Geometry – I ............ 275

Answers ....................................... 328

(iii) Acute  Angled Triangle

(iv) Obtuse Angled Triangle

Area (A) = s (s − a )(s − b )(s − c )

(ii) Area (A) = l d 2 − l2 = b . d 2 − b2

(iv) Diagonal (D) = l2 + b 2

(i) Area (A) = base × height

(ii) Circumference = 2 π r = π d = 3.14d

Let the radius of the circle be x cm

∴ Area of the inscribed square =

Again side of the circumscribed square = 2x cm

Area of the circumscribed square = (2x)2 sq.cm

So, by the problem,

The area of ∆ ABC = s(s − a)(s − b)(s − c) = 21(8)(7)(6) = 84 sq.cm

∴ Comparing these two,

Required area = 2 s(s − a)(s − b)(s − D)

which is 20 metres long and 12 metres broad?

length of room × breadth of room

length × breadth of courtyard

Area of path = (12 × 78)  (107 × 73)

Cost of construction = rate × area

Then Area = 100 × 100 = 10000 square units

∴ Front wheel has made (10 + x) revolutions.

Area of theshaded portion

find Area of the larg er square .

of the diagonal is 8 10 cm?

length of the leg of the original triangle.

the centre. Find the ungrazed area.

8. The figure is made up of 2 rectangles

(b) What is the area of the small rectangle?

Note : The diagram is not drawn to scale.

24. Find the area of quadrilateral ABCD given below.

Find the area of the shaded portion.

A) 2b2 = h2 B) 2h2 = b2 C) 3b2 = 2h2 D) 3h2 = 2b2

the circle in cm?

2(1 + 2) 2(2 − 2) 2(2 + 2) 2(1 + 2 2)

length of the smallest side is:

A) 3818.5 m2 B) 8318 m2 C) 5813 m2 D) 1358 m2

what is the side of the rhombus?

4. Find the area of the shaded portion.

shown. If AB is 15 cm, AC is 12 cm and BD is 9 cm, find the area of the quadrilateral

MULTIPLE ANSWER QUESTIONS

B) Numerical value of area and perimeter are same/equal

All the sides of a square are equal.

■ Brain Works Detailed solutions

● Paragraph Questions Olympiad Explorer

India’s FIRST scientifically designed portal

(iii) Acute Angled Triangle

Area of path = (12 × 78) (107 × 73)