CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
The pump is a fluid machine that is widely used to flow fluid from low to high places from a
low pressure to high pressure. Fluid distribution using pumps in the industrial world and also in the
shipping world has a very large role. Pumps can be used as part of the process of cooling industrial
equipment and as a water supply for the balance or stability system that exists on the ship. Humans
have made a variety of pumps such as displacement pumps that use space volume changes (piston
pumps, rotary pumps) to rotodynamic pumps that utilize kinetic fluid (axial pumps, centrifugal
pumps). One pump that is often used is the gear pump. Gear pump (gear pump) is a type of positive
displacement pump where the fluid will flow through the cracks of the gear with the walls of his
house. Referred to as a pump because the fluid that is flowed is generally in the form of liquid (liquid)
or slurry (slurry). While the positive displacement pump means that the pump sucks up a number
of trapped fluid which is then pressed and moved towards the outlet. Gear pump is often used for
hydrolic fluid power applications. There are two types of gear pump, namely external gear pump
and internal gear pump. This pump is classified as fixed displacement because the amount of fluid
flowed per rotation is always constant.

The scope of use of pumps is very broad with various requirements for capacity and varying
height increases. Sometimes the pump must be made in accordance with the requirements of the
required pump capacity, height increase, and material (fluid) to be pumped. In the use of pumps
there are also requirements from the place where the pump will be installed, from the possibility of
selecting pump drive components, and from pump maintenance and repair problems.

1.2 Problem Formulation

1. How to care and repair the gear pump?

2. What is the construction of the gear pump?

3. How does the gear pump work?

1.3 Purpose
1. To find out how to care and repair the gear pump

2. To find out the construction of the gear pump

3. To find out how to work from the gear pump

 CHAPTER II
THEORETICAL BASIS

2.1 Definition of a Pump

The pump is a conveyance for moving liquid from one place to another by giving
compressive force to the substance to be moved, such as the transfer of crude oil from the tank
connecting the raw material to be flowed to the Distillation column. Basically, the compressive force
applied to overcome the friction that arises due to the flow of liquid in the pipe due to differences
in evevation (height) and the pressure that must be resisted.

Displacement of liquid can occur according to horizontal or vertical figs, such as a liquid that
moves horizontally will get obstacles in the form of friction and turbulence, while the substance. In
liquid with vertical displacement, the obstacles that arise consist of obstacles caused by the
difference in height between the suction surface and the discharge surface.

2.2 Types of Pumps

This section will explain about the types of pumps, because pomppa comes with different
types and their respective functions. Pumps are also classified according to basic operating
principles such as positive displacement pumps and dynamic pumps.

In principle, any liquid can be handled by a variety of pumps, usually centrifugal pumps
which are more economical in their use followed by rotary and reciprocating pumps.
2.3 How the gear pump works

The gear pump works by flowing fluid through the gaps between the teeth and the wall.
Then the fluid is released through the outlet channel because of the nature of the gear pair which
always has a contact point. An ideal pair of gears will always have one point of contact with their
partners even if the gears rotate. This is what is used by the gear pump mechanism to drain fluid. In
other words, ideally the fluid will not enter through the contact points of the gear pair.

If the number of teeth is getting smaller, the volume of fluid that is flowing is getting bigger
because the cavity between the gear with the wall is getting bigger too. Meanwhile, to increase
flowrate can also be done by increasing the rpm of the gear. This type of pump does not require a
valve / valve like the reciprocating pump so the loss can be reduced.

The internal gear pump works by utilizing the inner gear which is usually connected to the
drive and the outer gear which usually acts as an idler. Initially the fluid enters through the suction
port between the rotor (large gear) and the idler (small gear). Fluid then enters through the gaps in
the gear. The crescent-shaped part divides the fluid and acts as a seal between the suction and the
discharge port. The fluid that floods the discharge port will continue to be pushed by the fluid behind
it so that the fluid continues to flow.
 CHAPTER III
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Eksternal Gear Pump
No Nama Bagian Fungsi
that is the place where the
1 Discharge Nozzle pressurized liquid comes
out of the pump.
To deflect the flow of fluid
Elbow Discharge
2 that flows from the Nozzle
Noozle
Discharge.
to continue the turning
moment of the drive while
the pump is operating, this
3 Shaft
component also functions as
an impeller holder and other
moving parts.
Internal Gear Pump
No Nama Bagian Fungsi
to protect shafts from
erosion, corrosion and
wear in stuffing boxes.
4 Shaft sleeve This component can be
used as an internal
bearing, leakage joint
and distance sleever.
To reduce the coefficient
5 Bearing of friction between the
axle and the house.
to convert the
mechanical energy from
6 Eye of impeler the pump to the velocity
energy at the pumped
fluid continuously.
 Gear pump has several parts, namely discharge nozzle, elbow discharge nozzle, shaft, shaft
sleeve, bearing, and eye of impeller. The dimensions of the parts are measured using calipers. The
dimensions of each pump section include diameter, length, width, and thickness. Each part has a
different function. However, Gear Pump itself has uses including:

• drain a variety of fuel oils and lubricants

• measure the amount of additives mixed in chemicals

• mixing and mixing chemicals

• hydraulic systems in industries and cars

• other applications for low volume transfers

• designs are available in a variety of materials as needed

 CHAPTER IV
FINAL
4.1 Conclusions
Internal Gear Pump. This pump uses two gears as a drive for working fluid inside the pump
casing. One gear is driven and the other is moved. The driving gear is inside the driven gear. Gearr
pump applications in daily life, namely: Flowing various kinds of fuel oil, Flowing lubricating oil,
Measuring the amount of additives mixed in chemicals, Mixing and stirring chemicals, Hydraulic
systems in industries and cars

4.2 Suggestion

in making this paper, of course there are still many shortcomings in the material and
explanation presented. However, the material presented is also very important to be discussed and
studied together, given the importance of this material.