Getting Started With Windows Remote Arduino PDF

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Getting Started with Windows Remote Arduino

Agus Kurniawan
1st Edition, 2015
Copyright © 2015 Agus Kurniawan
Table of Contents
Copyright
Preface
1. Preparing Development Environment
1.1 Arduino
1.1.1 Arduino Uno
1.1.2 Arduino Leonardo
1.1.3 Arduino Mega 2560
1.1.4 Arduino Due
1.2 Electronics Components
1.2.1 Arduino Starter Kit
1.2.2 Fritzing
1.2.3 Cooking-Hacks: Arduino Starter Kit
1.2.4 Arduino Sidekick Basic kit v2
1.2.5 Grove - Starter Kit for Arduino
1.2.6 DFRobot - Arduino Kit for Beginner v3
1.3 Windows 10 and Visual Studio 2015
1.4 Windows Remote Arduino
1.5 Arduino Software
1.6 Testing
2. Windows Remote Arduino for Windows 10
2.1 Setting Up Arduino on Windows 10
2.1.1 Arduino Hardware Driver on Windows 10
2.1.2 Simple Testing
2.2 Arduino and Windows Remote Arduino (WRA)
2.2.1 Configuring Arduino Board
2.2.2 Compiling Windows Remote Arduino
2.3 Windows Remote Arduino with USB
2.3.1 Wiring
2.3.2 Creating A Project
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2.3.3 Adding Reference Files for Windows Remote Arduino
2.3.4 Configuring Windows Remote Arduino (WRA) on Project
2.3.5 Writing Program
2.3.6 Testing
2.4 Windows Remote Arduino with Bluetooth
3. Digital I/O
3.1 Getting Started
3.2 Wiring
3.3 Creating and Configuring a Project
3.4 Writing a Program
3.5 Testing
4. Analog I/O
4.1 Getting Started
4.2 Demo Analog Output: RGB LED
4.2.1 Arduino Analog output (PWM)
4.2.2 Wiring
4.2.4 Testing
4.3 Demo Analog Input: Working with Potentiometer
4.3.1 Wiring
4.3.3 Testing
5. Working with I2C
5.1 Getting Started
5.2 Writing Program
5.3 Testing
6. Servo Motor
6.1 Servo Motor
6.2 Wiring
6.3 Writing A Program
6.4 Testing
Source Code
Contact
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Preface

This book was written to help anyone want to get started with Arduino and Windows Remote Arduino. It describes
the basic elements of the integration of Arduino and Windows Remote Arduino.

Agus Kurniawan
Depok, June 2015
1. Preparing Development Environment
In this chapter, you will learn the following topics:
Introducing Arduino board

Introducing electronics component for testing
Introducing development tools, Visual Studio and Windows 10
Introducing Windows Remote Arduino
Introducing Arduino software
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1.1 Arduino
Arduino is an open-source electronics prototyping platform based on flexible, easy-to-use
hardware and software. This board uses Atmel microcontroller series. There are many
Arduino hardware models that you can use. Further information about Arduino products,
you can visit on website http://arduino.cc/en/ .
You must one Arduino hardware to follow practices in this book. I recommend to obtain
one of the following Arduino hardware:
Arduino Uno
Arduino Leonardo
Arduino Mega 2560
Arduino Due
You can buy this product on your local electronic store. You also can order it by online.
Find it on http://arduino.cc/en/Main/Buy. The following is the list of Arduino store you
can buy
Arduino store, http://store.arduino.cc/

Amazon, http://www.amazon.com
Cooking-hacks, http://www.cooking-hacks.com/index.php/shop/arduino.html
RS Components, http://www.rs-components.com
Element 14, http://www.element14.com
EXP-Tech, http://www.exp-tech.de
Because Arduino is an open-source hardware, people can build it. It’s called Arduino
compatible. Generally it’s sold in low prices.
1.1.1 Arduino Uno

The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328. You can download
the datasheet file, http://www.atmel.com/dyn/resources/prod_documents/doc8161.pdf .
Further information about Arduino Uno, you can read it on
http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardUno .
1.1.2 Arduino Leonardo

The Arduino Leonardo is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega32u4. Download
datasheet for this product on
http://www.atmel.com/dyn/resources/prod_documents/7766S.pdf .
Visit this product to get the further information on
http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardLeonardo .
1.1.3 Arduino Mega 2560

The Arduino Mega 2560 is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560. You can
download the datasheet file on
http://www.atmel.com/dyn/resources/prod_documents/doc2549.PDF.
Further information about Arduino Mega 2560, you can visit on
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http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardMega2560 .
1.1.4 Arduino Due

The Arduino Due is a microcontroller board based on the Atmel SAM3X8E ARM Cortex-
M3 CPU. You can download the datasheet, http://www.atmel.com/Images/doc11057.pdf.
If you want to know about Arduino Due, I recommend to visit this website,
http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardDue.
1.2 Electronics Components
We need electronic components to build our testing, for instance, Resistor, LED, sensor
devices and etc. I recommend you can buy electronic component kit.
1.2.1 Arduino Starter Kit

Store website: http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoStarterKit
1.2.2 Fritzing
Store website: http://shop.fritzing.org/ .
You can buy Fritzing Starter Kit with Arduino UNO or Fritzing Starter Kit with Arduino
Mega.
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1.2.3 Cooking-Hacks: Arduino Starter Kit

Store website: http://www.cooking-hacks.com/index.php/shop/arduino/starter-
kits/arduino-starter-kit.html
1.2.4 Arduino Sidekick Basic kit v2

Store website: http://www.seeedstudio.com/depot/Sidekick-Basic-Kit-for-Arduino-V2-p-
1858.html
You also can find this kit on this online store.
http://www.exp-tech.de/seeed-studio-sidekick-basic-kit-for-arduino-v2
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1.2.5 Grove - Starter Kit for Arduino
Another option, you can buy this kit on
Seeedstudio, http://www.seeedstudio.com/depot/Grove-Starter-Kit-for-Arduino-p-
1855.html .
1.2.6 DFRobot - Arduino Kit for Beginner v3

DFRobot provides Arduino kit too. You can buy it on the following website.
http://www.dfrobot.com/index.php?route=product/product&path=35_49&product_id=345
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1.3 Windows 10 and Visual Studio 2015
To develop app with Windows Remote Arduino, we use Visual Studio 2015 and Windows
10. Please install them for our development environment.
1.4 Windows Remote Arduino
Windows Remote Arduino is an open-source Windows Runtime Component library which
allows Makers to control an Arduino through a Bluetooth or USB connection! It is
intended for Windows Runtime (WinRT) Developers who want to harness the power of
Arduino hardware using the Windows Runtime Languages. This library can be download
on https://github.com/ms-iot/remote-wiring/.
We will deploy and test program based Windows Remote Arduino on the next chapter.
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1.5 Arduino Software
To develop application based on Arduino board, we need Arduino software. You can
obtain it on http://arduino.cc/en/Main/Software . Download Arduino IDE for Windows
platform.
Execute that setup file. Select all items on installation.
At the middle of installation process, you get security confirmation. Please click Install
button to install Arduino driver.
After completed installation, you can run Arduino at the first. You may get security
confirmation. Please give a permission by clicking Allow access button.
Finally, you should see Arduino IDE.
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1.6 Testing
For testing, I used Arduino Uno R3 on Windows 10.
I also used Arduino Sidekick Basic kit for electronic components.
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2. Windows Remote Arduino for Windows 10
This chapter explains how to work with Arduino and Windows 10 for getting started.
2.1 Setting Up Arduino on Windows 10
After you installed Arduino software, you can plugin Arduino board into computer via
USB.
Then you run Arduino software. In general it will detect Arduino hardware include
Arduino type and model.
2.1.1 Arduino Hardware Driver on Windows 10

If you open Device Manager, you should see Arduino detected on Ports (COM & LPT).
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However, if you get a problem about Arduino hardware driver, you update that driver.
You can update this device driver by navigating hardware driver on the driver folder of
Arduino software installation folder.
2.1.2 Simple Testing
Now you’re ready to get started. For illustration, I use the sample code from Arduino,
Blink. You can visit on http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Blink for configuration.
For this scenario, we use attached LED which is connected on Digital 13. Open Arduino
IDE.
On Arduino software, Click File -> Examples -> 01.Basics -> Blink.
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Then you will get a sample code of Blink app.

Now try to connect your Arduino into computer. Select Arduino Uno for board target. You
can select it by clicking menu Tools -> Board : Arduino Uno.
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Furthermore, you must select Arduino port. Select menu Tools -> Port -> (your Arduino
port which already connected).
Now you can compile and upload this program into Arduino board.
If success, you should see blinking LED on Arduino board.

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2.2 Arduino and Windows Remote Arduino (WRA)
To communicate between Arduino and computer/tablet/embedded board based Windows
10, we can use Windows Remote Arduino. There are two types of connectivity for
Windows Remote Arduino:
Serial port (USB)

Bluetooth
I will explain them on the next section. Now we must configure Arduino board and
computer to establish a connection.
2.2.1 Configuring Arduino Board

To work with Windows Remote Arduino, we must configure Arduino board to be
deployed Firmata library. Firmata is a protocol for communicating with microcontrollers
from software on a computer (or smartphone/tablet, etc). The protocol can be
implemented in firmware on any microcontroller architecture as well as software on any
computer software package. Further information about Firmata, you can read it
on https://github.com/firmata/protocol .
To deploy Firmata into Arduino board, you do it opening Arduino IDE. Select menu File -
> Examples -> Firmata -> StandardFirmata.
Then, you will get Firmata code on Arduino IDE.
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By default, Firmata on Arduino uses a baud rate 57600. You can change it according to
your serial port (USB) or Bluetooth, for instance, 115200. After that, please compile and
upload this program into Arduino board.
Finally, Arduino board is ready for running with Firmata protocol.
2.2.2 Compiling Windows Remote Arduino

The next step is to compile Windows Remote Arduino library. You can download it
on https://github.com/ms-iot/remote-wiring/. It provides library for Windows 10 and
Windows 8.1. Open for Solution file (*.sln) for Windows 10 using Visual Studio 2015.
Compile these libraries for ARM, x86, and x64 targets.

If finished, you should see the compiled files. Compiled ARM, x64, and x86 targets will
generate ARM, x64 and Debug folders.
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2.3 Windows Remote Arduino with USB
In this section, we build a blinking LED program via USB using Windows Universal app.
The USB usage is applied as a bridge to remote Arduino board.
Our scenario needs the following items:
Three LEDs
USB cable
Jumper cables
To build the program, you can do the following steps:
Wiring
Creating a project
Adding reference files for Windows Remote Arduino
Configuring Windows Remote Arduino on project
Writing program
Testing
Let’s start!
2.3.1 Wiring
Connect three LEDs on Digital 12, 11, 10. Other LED pins are be connected to GND.
Now you connect Arduino board to Computer via USB cable.
2.3.2 Creating A Project

Open Visual Studio 2015. Create a new project with template Blank App (Windows
Universal). It’s located on Visual C# -> Windows -> Windows Universal.
Fill the project name, called BlinkingLed.
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2.3.3 Adding Reference Files for Windows Remote Arduino

The next step is to add Windows Remote Arduino into our project. Firstly, add Microsoft
Visual C++ AppLocal Runtime from Windows Universal -> Extensions.
Then, we add our compiled files from Windows Remote Arduino (read section 2.2.2).
Add the following files (depend on your target: ARM, x64, x86):
Microsoft.Maker.RemoteWiring.winmd
Microsoft.Maker.Firmata.winmd
Microsoft.Maker.Serial.winmd
Click OK button if finished.

Finally, you should see our referenced files on our project.
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2.3.4 Configuring Windows Remote Arduino (WRA) on

Project
After added WRA Reference files, we must configure project config file and activate USB
capability on app.
To configure project config file (*.csproj) , you just unload the project (not solution). Or
you edit project file (*.csproj) directly.
Add this script into <Reference Include “Microsoft.Maker.Firmata”></Reference> tag
<IsWinMDFile>true</IsWinMDFile>
<Implementation>Microsoft.Maker.Firmata.dll</Implementation>
Add this script into<Reference Include=“Microsoft.Maker.RemoteWiring”></Reference>

tag
<Implementation>Microsoft.Maker.RemoteWiring.dll</Implementation>
Add this script into<Reference Include=“Microsoft.Maker.Serial”></Reference> tag

<Implementation>Microsoft.Maker.Serial.dll</Implementation>
You also need to configure Package.appxmanifest file to enable Serial port capability.
Open Package.appxmanifest file and add the following script on <Capabilities>
</Capabilities> tag.
<DeviceCapability Name="serialcommunication">
<Device Id="any">
<Function Type="name:serialPort"/>
</Device>
</DeviceCapability>
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Now we develop UI on XAML. We modify MainPage.xaml file and build the following
UI.
We need three CheckBox, a TextBlock and a Button. The following is a script of

MainPage.xam.
<Page
x:Class="BlinkingLed.MainPage"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:local="using:BlinkingLed"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
mc:Ignorable="d">
<Grid Background="{ThemeResource ApplicationPageBackgroundThemeBrush}"

<CheckBox x:Name="chkLed1" Content="LED 1" Checked="HandleCheck"
<TextBlock x:Name="txtStatus" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin=
<Button x:Name="btnClose" Content="Turn Off All LEDs" HorizontalAlignm
</Grid>
</Page>
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On MainPage.xaml.cs, we modify this code. Firstly, we add our namespace.

using Microsoft.Maker.Serial;
using Microsoft.Maker.RemoteWiring;
Then, we declare some variables.

private UsbSerial connection;
private RemoteDevice arduino;
private const byte LED1 = 12;
LED 1, 2, 3 are connected to Digital 12, 11, and 10 on Arduino.

We define InitWRA() method and subscribe ConnectionEstablished event. We set pin
mode using pinMode() method.
private void InitWRA()
{
connection = new UsbSerial("VID_2341", "PID_0043");
arduino = new RemoteDevice(connection);
connection.ConnectionEstablished += Connection_ConnectionEstablish
connection.begin(57600, SerialConfig.SERIAL_8N1);
private void Connection_ConnectionEstablished()

{
arduino.pinMode(LED1, PinMode.OUTPUT);
txtStatus.Text = "Connected";
}
You can see parameters on UsbSerial(). These values can be obtained from SerialPort
(USB) property which Arduino board is connected. For instance, My Arduino is
connected to COM3. You can open COM property from Device Manager.
We handle CheckBox checked or unchecked in HandleCheck() and HandleUnchecked()

methods. If it checked, we turn on LED. Otherwise, we turn off LED.
private void HandleCheck(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
CheckBox cb = sender as CheckBox;
if(cb.Name== "chkLed1")
{
arduino.digitalWrite(LED1, PinState.HIGH);
}
if (cb.Name == "chkLed2")
{
}
{
}

}
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private void HandleUnchecked(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
CheckBox cb = sender as CheckBox;
{
arduino.digitalWrite(LED1, PinState.LOW);
}
{
}
{
}
}
We also declare TurnOffLeds() to turn off LEDs. This is connected to button clicked
event.
private void TurnOffLeds(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
chkLed1.IsChecked = false;
}
Finally, on class constructor, we call InitWRA() method.

public MainPage()
{
this.InitializeComponent();
this.Unloaded += MainPage_Unloaded;
InitWRA();
}
private void MainPage_Unloaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

{
arduino.Dispose();
}
2.3.6 Testing
Run this program. If success, you can see our program UI. Try to do checked on
CheckBoxs. Then, you should see lighting LED.
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2.4 Windows Remote Arduino with Bluetooth
WRA also support using Bluetooth to remote Arduino. You can use Bluetooth module
from SparkFun Bluetooth Mate Silver, https://www.sparkfun.com/products/12576 .
Don’t forget to modify Firmata code on Arduino about baud rate.
Just connect your Bluetooth module on Tx and Rx from Arduino. Then, pair Bluetooth
module on Arduino to Bluetooth PC. Add Bluetooth capability on Package.appxmanifest
file.
<DeviceCapability Name="bluetooth.rfcomm">
<Device Id="any">
<Function Type="name:serialPort"/>
</Device>
</DeviceCapability>
On our program, we change UsbSerial to BluetoothSerial object.

...
private BluetoothSerial connection;

On instantiate stage, you just construct connection object with BluetoothSerial() with
passing Bluetooth name.
connection = new BluetoothSerial("MyBluetooth");
connection.ConnectionFailed += Connection_ConnectionFailed;
connection.begin(115200, 0);
Just it!
Now you can program as usual with RemoteDevice object.
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3. Digital I/O
In this chapter I’m going to explain how to remote Arduino Digital I/O using WRA.
3.1 Getting Started
In this chapter, we learn how to access Arduino digital I/O via Windows Remote Arduino.
Our scenario is to use a pushbutton and LED. If pushbutton is pressed, LED will lighting.
You can find a pushbutton on the following online store:
Sparkfun, https://www.sparkfun.com/products/97
Adafruit, http://www.adafruit.com/products/1400
eBay, http://www.ebay.com
In this scenario, I use USB as bridge to Arduino. You can replace it by Bluetooth.
Let’s start!.
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3.2 Wiring
Connect LED to Digital 12 on Arduino and pushbutton to Digital 11. The following is a
sample of wiring.
3.3 Creating and Configuring a Project
Create a new project, called DigitalIoDemo. Follow instructions to create and configure
the project as explained on section 2.3.2, 2.3.3 and 2.3.4.
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3.4 Writing a Program
We modify MainPage.xaml.cs. Add the following namespace.
Define some variables for LED and pushbutton.

private const byte LED = 12;
private const byte PUSHBUTTON = 11;
We define InitWRA() to initialize WRA. Then, we subscribe DigitalPunUpdateEvent

event. We update a state on LED from pushbutton state.
{

{
System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("Connected");
arduino.pinMode(LED, PinMode.OUTPUT);
arduino.pinMode(PUSHBUTTON, PinMode.INPUT);
arduino.DigitalPinUpdatedEvent += Arduino_DigitalPinUpdatedEvent;
private void Arduino_DigitalPinUpdatedEvent(byte pin, PinState state)

{
if(pin==PUSHBUTTON)
{
arduino.digitalWrite(LED, state);
}
}
Finally, we call InitWRA() method on class constructor.

public MainPage()
{
InitWRA();
}

{
arduino.Dispose();
}
Save this code.
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3.5 Testing
Now you can compile and run this program. For testing, try to press pushbutton. You
should see a lighting LED.
4. Analog I/O
This chapter explains how to work with Arduino Analog I/O via WRA.
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4.1 Getting Started
Arduino board provides Analog I/O which can be connected to sensor or actuator devices.
In this chapter, we try to access Arduino Analog I/O using Windows Remote Arduino.
There are two scenarios for our cases:
Controlling RGB LED

Reading Analog input using Potentiometer
All scenarios use USB for connectivity between Arduino and PC.
Let’s start.
4.2 Demo Analog Output: RGB LED
In this scenario we build a Windows Universal application to control RGB LED color
using Arduino Analog output (PWM). RGB LED has 4 pins that you can see it on Figure
below.
To understand these pins, you can see the following Figure.
Note:
Pin 1: Red
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Pin 2: Common pin
Pin 3: Green free ebooks ==> www.ebook777.com
Pin 4: Blue
Now we can start to build a Windows Universal application and hardware

implementation.
4.2.1 Arduino Analog output (PWM)

Please be careful if you want to work with Arduino PWM. If you have Arduino Mega, you
will see PWM label so you obtain PWM pins easily but if you have Arduino Uno, it writes
DIGITAL (PWM ~). It means your PWM pins can be found on DIGITAL pins which pin
with ~, for instance, ~3,~5,~6,~9, ~10, ~11.
For Arduino Mega 2560, you can see PWM pins on picture below (see red arrow).
For Arduino Uno R3, you can see PWM pins as below.
4.2.2 Wiring
For our testing, we configure the following PWM pins.
Arduino Mega 2560:
RGB LED pin 1 (red) is connected to Arduino PWM pin 4

RGB LED pin 2 is connected to Arduino VCC 5V
RGB LED pin 3 (green) is connected to Arduino PWM pin 3
RGB LED pin 4 (blue) is connected to Arduino PWM pin 2
Arduino Uno R3:
RGB LED pin 1 (red) is connected to Arduino PWM pin 9

RGB LED pin 2 is connected to Arduino VCC 5V
RGB LED pin 3 (green) is connected to Arduino PWM pin 10
RGB LED pin 4 (blue) is connected to Arduino PWM pin 11
Here is a sample implementation with Arduino Uno R3.
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Firstly, create a new project, called RGBDemo. Follow instructions to create and
configure the project as explained on section 2.3.2, 2.3.3 and 2.3.4.
Now we modify MainPage.xaml.cs file. Add these namespace.
Declare some variables.

private const byte RED = 9;
private const byte GREEN = 10;
private const byte BLUE = 11;
private DispatcherTimer timer;
private int index = 1;
We define InitMRA(), SetColor() and ColorDemo() methods.

{
}
private void SetColor(ushort red, ushort green, ushort blue)
{
arduino.analogWrite(RED, red);
arduino.analogWrite(GREEN, green);
arduino.analogWrite(BLUE, blue);
}
private void ColorDemo(int index)

{
if(index==1)
SetColor(255, 0, 0); // red
if (index == 2)
SetColor(0, 255, 0); // green
if (index == 3)
SetColor(0, 0, 255); // blue
if (index == 4)
SetColor(255, 255, 0); // yellow
if (index == 5)
SetColor(80, 0, 80); // purple
if (index == 6)
SetColor(0, 255, 255); // aqua
A timer is used to running our RGB LED which consists of 6 color demo by calling
ColorDemo().
{
arduino.pinMode(RED, PinMode.PWM);
arduino.pinMode(GREEN, PinMode.PWM);
arduino.pinMode(BLUE, PinMode.PWM);
index = 1;
timer = new DispatcherTimer();
timer.Interval = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(500);
timer.Tick += Timer_Tick;
timer.Start();
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private void Timer_Tick(object sender, object e)
{
ColorDemo(index);
index++;
if (index > 6)
index = 1;
We call InitWRA() method on class constructor

public MainPage()
{
InitWRA();
}
{
arduino.Dispose();
}
4.2.4 Testing
Compile and run the program. You should see several color on RGB LED.
The following is a sample demo on RGB LED.
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4.3 Demo Analog Input: Working with Potentiometer
In this section, we learn how to read analog input on Arduino board. For illustration, I use
Potentiometer as analog input source. Our scenario is to read analog value from
Potentiometer. Then, display it on app UI.
Let’s start!.
4.3.1 Wiring
To understand Potentiometer, you see its scheme in Figure below.
You can connect VCC to Arduino board VCC 5V. Vout to Arduino board Analog input
A0. In addition, GND to Arduino board GND. The following is hardware implementation.
I use slide potentiometer.

Firstly, create a new project, called RGBDemo. Follow instructions to create and
The first step is to develop app UI on MainPage.xaml. We add two TextBlock. One of
TextBlock will be used to display Analog value. The following is complete code for
MainPage.xaml file.
<Page
x:Class="PotDemo.MainPage"
xmlns:local="using:PotDemo"
mc:Ignorable="d">

<TextBlock x:Name="textBlock" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin=
<TextBlock x:Name="txtVal" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="80,28,0,
</Grid>
</Page>
Now we modify MainPage.xaml.cs file. Add these namespace.
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using Windows.ApplicationModel.Core;
We declare some variables for our app.

private const byte NUM_DIGITAL_PINS = 14; // Arduino Uno
private const byte POT = 0;
We define InitWRA() method and subscribe ConnectionEstablished event. On this event,

we subscribe AnalogPinUpdateEvent event. On AnalogPinUpdateEvent event, we update
TextBlock UI. Because we update UI from other thread, we use Dispatcher.RunAsync().
We define UpdateDate().
{
connection.ConnectionEstablished += Connection_ConnectionEstablished;

{
arduino.pinMode(NUM_DIGITAL_PINS + POT, PinMode.ANALOG);
var val = arduino.analogRead(NUM_DIGITAL_PINS + POT);

txtVal.Text = Convert.ToString(val);
arduino.AnalogPinUpdatedEvent += Arduino_AnalogPinUpdatedEvent;
}
private async void UpdateData(ushort value)
{
await CoreApplication.MainView.CoreWindow.Dispatcher.RunAsync(Windows.
() =>
{
txtVal.Text = Convert.ToString(value);
});
}
private void Arduino_AnalogPinUpdatedEvent(byte pin, ushort value)

{
if (pin == POT)
{
UpdateData(value);
}
}
Finally, we call InitWRA() on class constructor.

public MainPage()
{
InitWRA();
}

{
arduino.Dispose();
}
Save this code.
4.3.3 Testing
Compile and run this program. If success, you can see analog value on UI.
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5. Working with I2C
In this chapter we learn how to work with I2C using Windows Remote Arduino.
5.1 Getting Started
The I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) bus was designed by Philips in the early ’80s to allow
easy communication between components which reside on the same circuit board. TWI
stands for Two Wire Interface and for most marts this bus is identical to I²C. The name
TWI was introduced by Atmel and other companies to avoid conflicts with trademark
issues related to I²C.
I2C bus consists of two wires, SDA (Serial Data Line) and SCL (Serial Clock Line).
Arduino Uno has I2C/TWI on Analog A4 (SDA) and Analog A5 (SCL).
For testing, I used PCF8591 AD/DA Converter module with sensor and actuator devices.
You can find it on the following online store:
Amazon, http://www.amazon.com/PCF8591-Converter-Module-Digital-
Conversion/dp/B00BXX4UWC/
eBay, http://www.ebay.com
Dealextreme, http://www.dx.com/p/pcf8591-ad-da-analog-to-digital-digital-to-
analog-converter-module-w-dupont-cable-deep-blue-336384
Aliexpress, http://www.aliexpress.com/
In addition, you can find this device on your local electronics store/online store.
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This module has mini form model too, for instance, you can find it on Amazon,
http://www.amazon.com/WaveShare-PCF8591T-Converter-Evaluation-
Development/dp/B00KM6X2OI/ .
This module use PCF8591 IC and you can read the datasheet on the following URLs.
http://www.electrodragon.com/w/images/e/ed/PCF8591.pdf
http://www.nxp.com/documents/data_sheet/PCF8591.pdf
The following is our wiring lab:
PCF8591 AD/DA SDA —> Arduino Analog A4 (SDA)

PCF8591 AD/DA SCL —> Arduino Analog A5 (SCL)
PCF8591 AD/DA GND —> Arduino GND
PCF8591 AD/DA VCC —> Arduino VCC +3.3V
Hardware implementation can be shown in Figure below.

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5.2 Writing Program
Firstly, create a new project, called I2CDemo. Follow instructions to create and configure
the project as explained on section 2.3.2, 2.3.3 and 2.3.4.
The first step is to develop app UI on MainPage.xaml. We add six TextBlock to display
Analog values. The following is complete code for MainPage.xaml file.
<Page
x:Class="I2CDemo.MainPage"
xmlns:local="using:I2CDemo"
mc:Ignorable="d">

<TextBlock x:Name="textBlock1" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin=
<TextBlock x:Name="textBlock2" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin=
<TextBlock x:Name="txtThermistor" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin=
<TextBlock x:Name="txtPhoto" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="163,77
<TextBlock x:Name="txtPot" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="163,102,
</Grid>
</Page>
The next step is to modify MainPage.xaml.cs file. Firstly, we add our namespace.
using System.Text;
Declare some variables. PCF8591 uses I2C address on 0x90. To get Thermistor value, we
send a command 0x40. Photo-voltaic value can be acquired by sending a command 0x41.
The last, Potentiometer, can be acquired using 0x43 command.
private const byte NUM_DIGITAL_PINS = 14; // Arduino Uno
private const byte SDA = 4;
private const byte SCL = 5;
private const byte PCF8591 = (0x90 >> 1); // Device address
private const byte PCF8591_ADC_CH0 = 0x40; // thermistor
private const byte PCF8591_ADC_CH1 = 0x41; // photo-voltaic cell
private const byte PCF8591_ADC_CH2 = 0x42;
private const byte PCF8591_ADC_CH3 = 0x43; // potentiometer
private int index = 0;
private Queue<int> i2cReading = new Queue<int>();

we subscribe I2cReplyEvent event. On I2cReplyEvent event, we update TextBlock UI.
Because we update UI from other thread, we use Dispatcher.RunAsync(). We define
UpdateDate().
{

{
arduino.pinMode(NUM_DIGITAL_PINS + SDA, PinMode.I2C);
arduino.pinMode(NUM_DIGITAL_PINS + SCL, PinMode.I2C);

index = 0;
arduino.I2c.I2cReplyEvent += I2c_I2cReplyEvent;

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timer.Start();
}
private void I2c_I2cReplyEvent(byte address_, string response)

{
byte[] data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(response);
int curr = i2cReading.Dequeue();
UpdateData(curr, data[1]);
System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("" + Convert.ToString(address_)
}
On Tick event from Timer object, we read analog values from PCF8591. Then, we define
UpdateData() to update app UI.
{
switch (index)
{
case 0:
i2cReading.Enqueue(index);
System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("PCF8591_ADC_CH0"
ReadADC(PCF8591_ADC_CH0);
break;
case 1:
break;
case 2:
break;
}
index++;
if (index > 2)
index = 0;
void ReadADC(byte config)

{
arduino.I2c.enable();
arduino.I2c.write(PCF8591, "" + (char)config);
arduino.I2c.read(PCF8591,2);
arduino.I2c.stop(PCF8591);
}
private async void UpdateData(int index, byte value)
{
await CoreApplication.MainView.CoreWindow.Dispatcher.RunAsync(Wind
() =>
{
switch(index)
{
case 0:
txtThermistor.Text = Convert.ToString(value
break;
case 1:
txtPhoto.Text = Convert.ToString(value);
break;
case 2:
txtPot.Text = Convert.ToString(value);
break;
}
});
}

public MainPage()
{
InitWRA();
}

{
connection.end();
arduino.Dispose();
}
Save this code.
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5.3 Testing
Now you can compile and run the program.
If success, you can see sensor values via I2C on app UI. The following is a sample output.
6. Servo Motor
This chapter explains how to work with servo motor connected to Arduino board using
Windows Remote Arduino. We explore how to access PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)
Arduino.
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6.1 Servo Motor
Servo motor provides a shaft movement 360 degree. We can control this movement based
on its degree. In this scenario, you can use any DC motor (servo) that will be connected to
Arduino. I used a mini servo from Arduino Sidekick Basic kit.
The following is a picture of my mini servo motor.
To understand servo’s cables, you can identify as follows:
Red cable is be connected to 5V

Black or brown cable is be connected to GND
The rest (yellow or orange cable) is be connected to Arduino PWM pin
The next step we are going to build a Windows Universal with Arduino and servo motor.
6.2 Wiring
To build hardware implementation, you can connect servo motor to Arduino by following
configuration:
Red cable is be connected to 5V

Black or brown cable is be connected to GND
The rest (yellow or orange cable) is be connected to Arduino PWM pin. I used pin 10
for Arduino Uno R3 or Arduino Mega 2560
The following is a sample of hardware implementation.
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6.3 Writing A Program
Firstly, create a new project, called ServoMotor. Follow instructions to create and
The first step is to develop app UI on MainPage.xaml. We add two TextBlock to display
servo motor angle. The following is complete code for MainPage.xaml file.
<Page
x:Class="ServoMotor.MainPage"
xmlns:local="using:ServoMotor"
mc:Ignorable="d">

<TextBlock x:Name="txtVal" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="151,49,0
</Grid>
</Page>
The next step is to modify MainPage.xaml.cs file. Firstly, we add our namespace.
using System.Text;
Declare some variables. Servo motor uses PWM Digital 10. We also define a list of angle:
0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180.
private const byte SERVO = 10;
private byte[] angles = new byte[] { 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180
private int direction;
private bool fwd;

we call a timer.
{

{
arduino.pinMode(SERVO, PinMode.PWM);

direction = 1;
fwd = true;
timer.Start();
On Tick event from Timer object, we read change servo motor angle. Then, we define
UpdateData() to update app UI.
{
System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("Dir " + direction.ToString() +
UpdateData(angles[direction]);
arduino.analogWrite(SERVO, angles[direction]);

if(fwd)
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direction++;
else
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direction--;
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if (direction > 6)
{
fwd = false;
direction = 6;
}
else
if (direction < 0)
{
fwd = true;
direction = 0;
}

}
private async void UpdateData(byte value)

{
await CoreApplication.MainView.CoreWindow.Dispatcher.RunAsync(Wind
() =>
{
txtVal.Text = Convert.ToString(value);
});
}

public MainPage()
{
InitWRA();
}
{
connection.end();
arduino.Dispose();
}
Save this code.

6.4 Testing
Compile and run the program. You should see servo motor is moving from angle with
incrementing angle 30. A sample output on app UI can be seen on Figure below.
Output program on debug mode also can be seen on Figure below.
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Source Code
You can download source code on

http://www.aguskurniawan.net/book/wra_20062015_01.zip .
Contact
If you have question related to this book, please contact me at aguskur@hotmail.com . My

blog: http://blog.aguskurniawan.net
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Getting Started With Windows Remote Arduino PDF

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Getting Started with Windows Remote Arduino

In this chapter, you will learn the following topics:

Introducing Arduino board

Arduino store, http://store.arduino.cc/

1.1.1 Arduino Uno

1.1.2 Arduino Leonardo

1.1.3 Arduino Mega 2560

1.1.4 Arduino Due

1.2.1 Arduino Starter Kit

1.2.3 Cooking-Hacks: Arduino Starter Kit

1.2.4 Arduino Sidekick Basic kit v2

1.2.6 DFRobot - Arduino Kit for Beginner v3

Finally, you should see Arduino IDE.

I also used Arduino Sidekick Basic kit for electronic components.

2.1.1 Arduino Hardware Driver on Windows 10

Then you will get a sample code of Blink app.

If success, you should see blinking LED on Arduino board.

Serial port (USB)

2.2.1 Configuring Arduino Board

Then, you will get Firmata code on Arduino IDE.

Finally, Arduino board is ready for running with Firmata protocol.

2.2.2 Compiling Windows Remote Arduino

Compile these libraries for ARM, x86, and x64 targets.

To build the program, you can do the following steps:

2.3.2 Creating A Project

2.3.3 Adding Reference Files for Windows Remote Arduino

Click OK button if finished.

2.3.4 Configuring Windows Remote Arduino (WRA) on

Add this script into<Reference Include=“Microsoft.Maker.RemoteWiring”></Reference>

Add this script into<Reference Include=“Microsoft.Maker.Serial”></Reference> tag

2.3.5 Writing Program

We need three CheckBox, a TextBlock and a Button. The following is a script of

<Grid Background="{ThemeResource ApplicationPageBackgroundThemeBrush}"

On MainPage.xaml.cs, we modify this code. Firstly, we add our namespace.

Then, we declare some variables.

LED 1, 2, 3 are connected to Digital 12, 11, and 10 on Arduino.

private void Connection_ConnectionEstablished()

We handle CheckBox checked or unchecked in HandleCheck() and HandleUnchecked()

Finally, on class constructor, we call InitWRA() method.

private void MainPage_Unloaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

On our program, we change UsbSerial to BluetoothSerial object.

private BluetoothSerial connection;

Define some variables for LED and pushbutton.

We define InitWRA() to initialize WRA. Then, we subscribe DigitalPunUpdateEvent

private void Connection_ConnectionEstablished()

private void Arduino_DigitalPinUpdatedEvent(byte pin, PinState state)

Finally, we call InitWRA() method on class constructor.

private void MainPage_Unloaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

Save this code.

Controlling RGB LED

To understand these pins, you can see the following Figure.

Now we can start to build a Windows Universal application and hardware

4.2.1 Arduino Analog output (PWM)

RGB LED pin 1 (red) is connected to Arduino PWM pin 4

Arduino Uno R3:

RGB LED pin 1 (red) is connected to Arduino PWM pin 9

Here is a sample implementation with Arduino Uno R3.

4.2.3 Writing Program

Declare some variables.

We define InitMRA(), SetColor() and ColorDemo() methods.

private void ColorDemo(int index)

We call InitWRA() method on class constructor