2019 International Conference on Green and Human Information Technology (ICGHIT)

Asynchronous Motor Modeling in Simulink for

Stator and Rotor Fault Analysis
Duli Chand Meena Amit Choudhary Animesh Kumar Patra
Delhi Technological University Delhi Technological University Delhi Technological University
dcmeena_dce@yahoo.com amit.dav.911@gmail.com animesh.patra11@gmail.com

Abstract-- Fault diagnosis is a crucial part of electrical

engineering. Faults are bound to happen, so we need some II. MODELING OF ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR
diagnosis techniques for fault detection and mitigation.
Asynchronous motor are widely used in industries today and A. Modeling of healthy motor
occurrence of fault is a common problem. This paper discusses Modeling of an asynchronous motor in normal conditions is
simulink modeling of asynchronous motor in_healthy_and discussed in this paper. Equations representing the voltage
faulty_conditions. Both rotor and stator faults_are discussed. and flux linkages of rotor and stator are as follows [9].
Modeling is done in MATLAB/Simulink environment. ୢ஛౗ౘౙ
—ୟୠୡ
ୱ ൌ  ”ୱୟୠୡ ‹ୟୠୡ
ୱ ൅ ౩
(1)
ୢ୲
Keywords: fault detection, dq axis modeling, stator short circuit,
ୢ஛౗ౘౙ
broken rotor bar —ୟୠୡ
୰ ൌ  ”୰ୟୠୡ ‹ୟୠୡ
୰ ൅ ౨
(2)
ୢ୲
usabc ,—ୟୠୡ
୰  Vectors of stator & rotor voltage ɉୟୠୡ ൌ ୟୠୡ ୟୠୡ
൅ ୟୠୡ ୟୠୡ
ୱ ୱୱ ‹ୱ ୱ୰ ‹୰ (3)
”ୱୟୠୡ , rrabc Stator and rotor resistances respectively
ɉୟୠୡ
୰ ൌ ୟୠୡ ୟୠୡ
୰୰ ‹୰ ൅ ୟୠୡ ୟୠୡ
୰ୱ ‹ୱ (4)
isabc, irabc Vectors of stator & rotor currents
ߣsabc, ߣrabc Vectors of the flux linkages Where subscript s and r to represent stator and rotor,
Lssabc , Lrrabc Symmetrical components of self inductance of stator & rotor respectively, and abc is stator phase reference frame.
Lsrabc, Lrsabc Symmetrical components of mutual inductance
ͳ Ͳ Ͳ
”ୱୟୠୡ ൌ ”ୱ ൥Ͳ ͳ Ͳ൩ (5)
I. INTRODUCTION Ͳ Ͳ ͳ
“Asynchronous motors are widely usedOinotheoindustries ͳ Ͳ Ͳ
becauseoofotheir lowocost, highwreliability andorobustness. ”୰ୟୠୡ ൌ ”୰ ൥Ͳ ͳ Ͳ൩ (6)
ButotheseomotorsOare prone toodifferentotypesoofofaults. Ͳ Ͳ ͳ
Faults may develop inwthe motor during manufacture, Here rsabc, rrabc are theostatoroandorotororesistances
installation and operation. Somewofwthe common faults respectively. Here, rs and rr are statoroandorotor resistances
include rotor bar breakage, stator short circuit, single represented in a diagonal matrix form when stator and rotor
phasing etc. These faults reduce the efficiency of the phases are assumed to be equal.
machine and also affect the plant production continuity.
Ampleoamountoof workohas been doneoon asynchronous But the modeling is done in qd0 frame for which the
motor conditionwmonitoring and fault diagnosis which has transformation matrix is given by
been shown in [8], [2], [3], [5], [7].
Inwthiswpaper, model_based approach forwfault detection ଵT
is presented. Model based technique reduces cost and ‫ݏ݋ܿ ۍ‬ሺɔሻ ‫݊݅ݏ‬ሺɔሻ
ଶ‫ې‬
ଶ‫ێ‬ ଶగ ଶగ ଵ‫ۑ‬
manpower, with the flexibility of parameter variation. A lot ୯ୢ଴ ሺɔሻ ൌ ‫ ݏ݋ܿێ‬ቀɔ െ ଷ ቁ ‫ ݊݅ݏ‬ቀɔ െ ቁ (7)
ଷ ଷ ଶ‫ۑ‬
of papers are presented on modeling of asynchronous motor ‫ێ‬ ଶగ ଶగ ଵ‫ۑ‬
and modeling of faults in asynchronous motors. However, ‫ ݏ݋ܿۏ‬ቀɔ ൅ ଷ ቁ ܿ‫ ݏ݋‬ቀɔ ൅
ଷ
ቁ
ଶ‫ے‬
this paperwpresents a mathematical_model of_asynchronous
motor which is simple to model and change various
parameters required for fault monitoring. This Here ɔrepresent the angle between the q & d axes. Thus,
simulink_model_is based onucoupleducircuituapproach the transformed equation (1) and (2) is given as
incorporating qd0 axis which reduces_complexity and it is
౧ౚబ
easy to modelurotoruand statorufaults using this model. ୯ୢ଴
—ୱ
୯ୢ଴ ୯ୢ଴
ൌ  ”ୱ ‹ୱ ൅
ୢ஛౩ ୯ୢ଴
൅ ୱ (8)
Platform used for modeling is MATLAB/Simulink as it is ୢ୲
widely used simulation platform. ୯ୢ଴ ୯ୢ଴ ୯ୢ଴
౧ౚబ
ୢ஛౨ ୯ୢ଴
Stator current is an indicator for brokenurotor bars and —୰ ൌ  ”୰ ‹୰ ൅ ൅ ୰ (9)
ୢ୲
statoroshortocircuit faults. Motor current signature analysis
(MCSA) can be used to point out these faults as side band Ͳ ͳ Ͳ
୯ୢ଴ ୯ୢ଴
frequencies are induced along with the fundamental whereୱ ൌ ɘ ൥െͳ Ͳ Ͳ൩ ɉୱ ,
frequency under faulty condition.” Ͳ Ͳ Ͳ
Stator faults can also be analyzed by stator current as stator Ͳ ͳ Ͳ
୯ୢ଴ ୯ୢ଴ ୢ஦ ୢ஦୰
anomalies change the amplitude of stator current, further the ୰ ൌ ሺɘ െ ɘ୰ ሻ ൥െͳ Ͳ Ͳ൩ ɉ୰ ,ɘ ൌ and ɘ୰ ൌ
ୢ୲ ୢ୲
output torque also get distorted. Ͳ Ͳ Ͳ

978-1-7281-0627-4/19/$31.00 ©2019 IEEE 82

DOI 10.1109/ICGHIT.2019.00026
Coupling of stator and rotor voltages is based on mutual
inductance, which is a function of ɔr.

B. Asynchronous motor modeling

Broken rotor bars introduce asymmetry in stator current as
this changes the rotor resistance. Thus, the electromagnetic
field changes between stator and rotor hence inducing
frequencyoharmonicsoinotheostatorocurrent. Modeling of
rotor induction bar canobe done by changingotheorotor
resistance. The change is given as

͵ୠୠ
ο”୰ ൌ ”
ୠ െ ͵ୠୠ ୰
Figure2. Model of q axis
Where ο‫ݎ‬r is the change in the rotor resistance, nbb isothe
numberoof broken rotorobars and Nb are the total
numberoof rotor bars. Thus, to simulate broken rotor bars
we need to change the rotor matrix with the new matrix.

C. Model of asynchronous motor with stator faults

Stator faults can be modeled in similar way as rotor faults as
stator faults also induces anomalies in stator current. Thus,
to model stator faults we need to change stator resistance as
well as stator inductances, as stator short circuit reduces
number of stator windings.
The change in stator resistance is done by replacing the
existing matrix with modified matrix. The modified matrix
is given as
”ୱଵଵ Ͳ ”ୱଵଷ
ǡ୯ୢ଴
”ୱ ൌ ”ୱ ൥ Ͳ ”ୱଶଶ Ͳ ൩ Figure3. Model of d axis
”ୱଷଵ Ͳ ”ୱଷଷ
ଵ
Where, ‫ݎ‬௦ଵଵ ൌ ሺʹ݃௔௦ ൅ ͳሻ, ‫ݎ‬௦ଵଷ ൌ ሺ݃௔௦ െ ͳሻ,
ଷ
ଵ ଵ
‫ݎ‬௦ଶଶ ൌ ͳ, ‫ݎ‬௦ଷଵ ൌ ሺ݃௔௦ െ ͳሻ, and ‫ݎ‬௦ଷଷ ൌ ሺ݃௔௦ ൅ ͳሻ.
ଷ ଷ
gas is the percentage of winding not shorted.

III. MODELING IN MATLAB/SIMULINK

Base on the mathematical model proposed in the previous
Figure4. Model of zero axis
section, a MATLAB/SIMULINK model is constructed.

Figure1. Simulink model of asynchronous motor

Figure5. Model of rotor
Figure1. is the Simulink diagram of the healthy
asynchronous motor. Below are the shown Simulink block
of q axis and d axis. IV. RESULTS
Figure 6 and 7 shows the output torque and angular speed
for healthy condition. Also, the frequency spectrum analysis
of current is shown in figure 8 for healthy motor.

83

Figure6. Output torque for healthy motor
Figure7. ɘ୰ for healthy motor
Figure8. Stator current signal analysis for healthy motor
84
Figure9. Stator current signal analysis for rotor breakage
Figure10. Stator current signal analysis for stator faults
CONCLUSION
The mathematical model of asynchronous motor is
developed. This model is easy to design and vary the
parameters. First the Simulink model is run for healthy
condition and output torque, angular speed, and current
signals are analyzed. Next the rotor resistance is changed
and the model is run again, it is found that there is anomaly
in the current signals. Similarly, for stator faults the current
signals vary from that of healthy condition.
Thus, the model is suitable for fault analysis in
asynchronous motor.
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