Case Study

On
Online Bus Ticket Reservation System

Submitted To
SOCH COLLEGE OF IT

(AFFILIATED TO TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY)

Ranipauwa, Pokhara – 11

Submitted By
Sanjeeb Subedi, Prakash Adhikari

College Roll Number: 19, 25

Program: Bachelor of Science in Computer Science and Information Technology (B.Sc.CSIT)

Semester:6th
 Contents
1. Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………
1.1 Motive and objective………………………………………………………………….
2. Problem Definition and Requirement Analysis…………………….…………………
2.1 Identification of need………………………………………………………………
2.2 Feasibility study………………………………………………….…………………
2.2.1 Technological feasibility…………………………….………………………
2.2.2 Operational feasibility…………………..…………………………………..
2.2.3 Economic feasibility……………..……………….…………………………
2.2.4 Technical feasibility..………….……………………………………………
2.2.5 Financial feasibility………….………………………………………………
2.3 Project Planning…………….………………………………………………………
2.4 Data Flow Diagram…………………………………………………………………
2.5 ER Diagram…………………………………………………………………………
2.6 Use Case Diagram………………………………………………………………….
2.6.1 Use case for passeneger…………………………………………………….
2.6.2 Use case for agent……………………………………………………………
2.7 Activity Diagram……………...………………………………………………………
2.8 Class Diagram……………...…………………...……………………………………
2.9 Sequence Diagram……………...……………………………………………………...

3. Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………………
1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 MOTIVATION AND OBJECTIVE

The main objective of this system is to provide the better work efficiency,
security, accuracy, reliability, feasibility. The error occurred could be reduced to nil
and working conditions can be improved and also provide following features:
 Online Bus Ticket Booking Facility.

 Enhance of the security level in centralized system.

 Register New Agent.

 View Details of Agent, Bus Information, User Feedback

 Different Payment Mode: Cash Card, Credit Card Etc.

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2. PROBLEM DEFINITION AND REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS

2.1 IDENTIFICATION OF NEED

The main objective of this project is to provide the better work efficiency, security, accuracy,
reliability, feasibility. The error occurred could be reduced to nil and working conditions can
be improved and also provide following features:
 Online Bus Ticket Booking Facility and Cancellation Facility.

 Enhance of the security level in centralized system.

 Register New Agent.

 View Details of Agent, Bus Information, User Feedback

 Different Payment Mode: Cash Card, Credit Card Etc.

2.2 FEASIBILITY STUDY

A feasibility study is an evaluation and analysis of the potential of the proposed project
which is based on extensive investigation and research to give full comfort to the decisions
makers. Feasibility studies aim to objectively and rationally uncover the strengths and
weaknesses of an existing business or proposed venture, opportunities and threats as
presented by the environment, the resources required to carry through, and ultimately the
prospects for success. In its simplest terms, the two criteria to judge feasibility
are cost required and value to be attained.

As such, a well-designed feasibility study should provide a historical background of the

business or project, description of the product or service, accounting statements, details of
the operations and management, marketing research and policies, financial data, legal
requirements and tax obligations. Generally, feasibility studies precede technical
development and project implementation.

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2.2.1 TECHNOLOGY AND SYSTEM FEASIBILITY

The assessment is based on an outline design of system requirements, to determine whether

the company has the technical expertise to handle completion of the project. When writing a
feasibility report, the following should be taken to consideration:

 A brief description of the business to assess more possible factor/s which could affect
the study
 The part of the business being examined

 The human and economic factor

 The possible solutions to the problems

At this level, the concern is whether the proposal is both technically and legally feasible
(assuming moderate cost).

2.2.2 OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY

Operational feasibility is a measure of how well a proposed system solves the problems, and
takes advantage of the opportunities identified during scope definition and how it satisfies the
requirements identified in the requirements analysis phase of system development.

The operational feasibility assessment focuses on the degree to which the proposed
development projects fits in with the existing business environment and objectives with
regard to development schedule, delivery date, corporate culture, and existing business
processes.

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2.2.3 ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY

The purpose of the economic feasibility assessment is to determine the positive economic
benefits to the organization that the proposed system will provide. It includes quantification
and identification of all the benefits expected. This assessment typically involves a cost/
benefits analysis.

2.2.4 TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY

The technical feasibility assessment is focused on gaining an understanding of the present

technical resources of the organization and their applicability to the expected needs of the
proposed system. It is an evaluation of the hardware and software and how it meets the need
of the proposed system.

2.2.5 FINANCIAL FEASIBILITY

In case of a new project, financial viability can be judged on the following parameters:

 Total estimated cost of the project.

 Financing of the project in terms of its capital structure, debt equity ratio and
promoter's share of total cost.

 Existing investment by the promoter in any other business

 Projected cash flow and profitability.

The financial viability of a project should provide the following information.

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 Full details of the assets to be financed and how liquid those assets are.
 Rate of conversion to cash-liquidity (i.e. how easily can the various assets be
converted to cash?).

 Project's funding potential and repayment terms.

 Sensitivity in the repayments capability to the following factors:

o Time delays.

o Mild slowing of sales.

o Acute reduction/slowing of sales.

o Small increase in cost.

o Large increase in cost.

o Adverse economic conditions.

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2.3 PROJECT PLANNING

The concept is further developed to describe how the business will operate once the
approved system is implemented, and to assess how the system will impact the administrator
and user privacy. To ensure the products and /or services provide the required capability on-
time and within budget, project resources, activities, schedules, tools, and reviews are
defined. Additionally, security certification and accreditation activities begin with the
identification of system security requirements and the completion of a high level vulnerability
assessment.

PROJECT MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES

PROJECT PLANNING

 Establishing objectives.
 Defining project.

 Creating work breakdown Structure.

 Determining resources

These task defining following .

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 PROJECT ORGANIZATION WORKS BEST WHEN

 The job is unique and somewhat unfamiliar to the existing organization.

 The work contains complex interrelated tasks requiring specialized skills.

 The project is temporary but critical to organization.

 Works can be defined with a specific goal deadlines

 Often temporary structure.

 Uses specialist from entire company .

 Headed by project manager

 Monitor schedule & costs.

 Permanent structure called ‘matrix organization’.

WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE

 project
 Major tasks in project.

 Subtasks in major tasks.

 Activities.

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 2.4 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM (DFD)

The Data Flow Diagram (DFD) is the graphical representation of the processes
and the flow of data among them. A data flow diagram illustrates the processes, data
stores, external entities and the connecting data flows in a system. The following
figure is an example of a typical DFD.

Figure: 2.1 Example of a Data Flow diagram

There are four components for a Data Flow Diagram. They are

 External Entities/ Terminators are outside of the system being modeled.

They represent where information comes from and where it goes. These

are represented by rectangles.

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 Processes, usually represented by an ellipse (circle), which modify the

Input to generate the output.

 Data Stores represents a place in the process where data rests. This is

represented by an open-ended rectangles or a cylinder symbol.

 Data Flows, represented by arrows, are how data moves between

Terminators, processes, and data stores.

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 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM (DFD)

Logininto

Passenger

Book Ticket Bus

Reservation
Ticket
System
Details Bus
Agency/

Online
Store in

Verify passenger

Report
Information
Report
Customer A\C

Passenger Information

Information

Table

Passenger

can submit feed back

Feedback Table

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2.5 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM

An Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) gives a graphical representation of the

tables (entities) in the database and the relation between them.

 Entity

 An aggregation of a number of data elements.

 Each data element is an attribute of the entity.

 Entity type

 a class of entities with the same attributes

 Relationship

 An association between two or more entities that is of particular interest.

ERD Development Process:

 Identify the entities

 Determine the attributes for each entity

 Select the primary key for each entity

 Establish the relationships between the entities

 Draw an entity model

Test the relationships and the keys

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 ER MODEL FEATURES TO DESCRIBE DATA

Physical Entity Set

Attributes

Specialization

Generalization

Relationship

Single Line Connection Between

Entity and Relationship

Relationship

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2.6 USE CASE DIAGRAM

A use case diagram at its simplest is a representation of a user's interaction with the
system and depicting the specifications of a use case. A use case diagram can portray the
different types of users of a system and the various ways that they interact with the system.
This type of diagram is typically used in conjunction with the textual use case and will often
be accompanied by other types of diagrams as well.

2.6.1 USE CASE FOR PASSANGER

Find Site or agency for

ticket booking

PASSANGE Apply for the ticket

R

Automatic search will

define that ticket is
available or not Map

Final Print of Ticket

Confirmation

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2.6.2 USE CASE FOR AGENT

Take inputs from customer

AGENT
Check the ticket mode

If ticket is not booked he

book a new ticket or he can
also cancel booked ticket

Forward a message to
customer’s mob no.

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2.7 Activity Diagram

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2.8 Class Diagram

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2.9 Sequence Diagram

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 3. Conclusion

Online bus ticket booking system allows people to book seats for their travels while sitting at the
comfort of their homes. It also makes the management more easy for the bus provider. The system is
good enough to withstand thousands of passengers per day. It is very user friendly and well managed.
Onine bus ticket booking system can change the way of traveling if it is implemented correcly. The
implementaion of this system saves time and energy for everyone involved.
documentation provides such capabilities which can responsible to evaluates the

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References BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. www.stackoverflow.com
2. www.google.com
3. www.mindcracker.com
www.freeprojectz.com
4. www.wikipedia.org