Irr Cl TI:CH INDONESI.

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Inc. No. PCI.API-NDT{Mz
Telp: +6?,-77E452914. Email. adminirdiif;cuteche]mup.com
nr,trr,-cutehgrurp.com
REV. NO 00

RADIOGRAPEIC EXAMINATION DATE 16 Augusf 2015

PR(rcEI}I'RE-API1104 PAGE I ot27

RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION
PROCEDURE. API II04

DOCT]MENT : P{CI.API.NDT-OO2
REVISION NO. :m
Reg. t42 2DIL

Teknik dan Lingkungan Migas

Wagimin. M Si
0220 199001 1 002

*1.

Prepared by Reriered by Rwiewcd and Approved by

Naue : DrD,
r S91f i/lnr4n Name , f.lcnt fq-rlia Name : AdiPadmo
ITDT

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tE

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Podtiou : llDE IJVEL m

Position : DIDE Lsel II Podtion : Dinec'tor
ASNT. No. : il155ff
Dete :16Augst, ?I)15 Ihte :16Angwf 2015 Date : t6August 2015,

a
 DOC. NO. PCI-API-NDT-OO2

ct,ltl REV. NO 00
I<AI'T('(;I<AI.HIU UXAflAINA-I:I('N Itt\ I L ro Augusf Z0l5
PROCEDURE_API I1{I4 PAGE lof27

RADIOGRAPIilC EXAJUINATION
PROCEDURE-API IIO4

DOCUMENT PCI-API-NDT-OO2
REYISION NO. 00

Prepared by Rwiercd by Reviewed and Approved by

u_1.
!ar.

Name : D)Dl Se14t@ Name , I{cnt f"1"tia Name : Adi Pedmo

Position : NDE Level II Position : Director
Pmition : NDE LEYEL III
ASNT. No. : 1265!X
Date : 15 Augus! 2015 Ilrte : 16 Augut 2015 Date : 16 Argust 2015
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RADIOGRAPIIIC EXAMINATION DATE 16 August,20l5

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SUMMARY OF REVISION SHEET

This page is a record of all revisions of the procedure and the following revision (s) has (have) been made to
this procedure.

REV. DATE PAGE DESCRIPTION

00 16 March, 2015 All First Issue

 l:l ('[,'i t a'il INDoNEStA
DOC. NO. PCI-API-NDT-O02
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REV. NO 00

u RADIOGRAPHIC EXA MINATION DATE 16 August,20l5

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Par. Uraian Par. Dcscription Page

I Tujuan I Purpose 4

2 Umum 2 General 4

3 Persyaratan Kesel amatan -) Safety Requirements 6

4 Referensi 4 References 7

5 Definisi-deflnisi 5 Definitions 7

6 Kwalifikasi Personel dan Tanggung 6 Personnel Qualification and 7

Jawab Responsibility
7 Instruksi 7 Instructions 8
7.1 Persiapan Permukaan 7.1 Surface Preparation 8

7.2 Perlengkapan dan material 7.2 Equipments and materials 8

7.3 Exposure Geometry 7.3 Exposure Geometry 9

7.4 Jenis Image Quality Indicator (IQl) 7.4 Type of Image Quality Indicators (lQI) ll
/.5 Pemilihan Image Qualify Indicator 7.5 Selection of Image Quality Indicators ll
(IQD (IQD
7.6 Penempatan Image Quality Indicator 7.6 Placement of Image Quality Indicators t2
GAI) (IQI)
7.7 Identif,rkasi gambar 7.7 Identifi cation of Images 13

7.8 Penyimpanan film 7.8 Storage of Film t4

7.9 Density film dan Sensitivity 7.9 Film Density and Sensitivity l4
7.10 Proses gambar 7.10 Image Processing t4
7.tt Area process gambar 7.lt Image Processing Area l5
7.12 Film identifikasi 7.12 Film identification 15

8 Standard Keberterimaan 8 Acceptance Standards t6

8.1 Inadequate penetration 8.1 Inadequate penetration l6
8.2 Incomplete Fusion 8.2 Incomplete Fusion l5
8.3 Incomplete Fusion Due to Cold Lap 8.3 Incomplete Fusion Due to Cold Lap 16

8.4 Internal Concavity 8.4 Internal Concavity 16

8.5 Burn-Throu gh tidak diperbolehkan 8.5 Burn-Through is not allowed t7

8.6 Slag Inclusions 8.6 Slag Inclusions t7
8.7 Porosity 8.7 Porosity 18

8.8 Cracks 8.8 Cracks r9

8.9 Undercut 8.9 Undercutting 19

8.10 Accumulation of I mperfections 8.10 Accumul ation of Imperfections 20

9 Memproses Image 9 Image Proccessing 20

Lampiran Attachments 22^27

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u ec RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION
I Tujuan
1.1 Untuk menyediakan petunjuk
pelaksanaan pengujian radiografi pada
lasan material fenous (carbon steel, low
alloy steel and stainless steel material)
termasuk PQT dan WPQT, menggunakan
X-rays atau Gamma ray.
Untuk PQT dan WPQT, radiographic
testing harus dilaksanakan paling sedikit
24 jam setelah selesai pengelasan.
1.2 Prosedur ini terdiri dari versi Inggris dan
Indonesia, jika ada konflik antara
keduanya maka versi Inggris yang
dipakai
2 Umum
2.1 Prosedur ini menyajikan persyaratan
untuk menghasilkan gambar radiografi
pada film atau media lain melalui
penggunuuul sinar-X atau sinar
garnma. Suatu prosedur rinci untuk
produksi gambar harus ditetapkan dan
dicatat. Film radiografi yang dihasilkan
dengan menggunakan prosedur ini harus
mempunyai density, kejelasan, dan
kontras standar. Gambar yang dihasilkan
oleh sistem lain harus memiliki
sensitivity yang diperlukan untuk
menampakkan diameter kawat lmage
Quality Indicator (IQI). Kriteria berikut
harus digunakan untuk e valuasi gambar:
a. Sebuah kualitas yang dapat diterima
^.
gambar yang bebas dari kabut dan dari
penyimpangan pemrosesan yang dapat
menutupi gambar cacat aktual
b. Menunjukkan Image Quality lndicator b.
(IQI) dan diameter kawat esensial
c. Sebuah sistem identifikasi Yang
memuaskan
d. Suatu teknik yang dapat diterima
setup
e. Kesesuaian dengan
keberterimaan.
)', Kontraktor harus menyediakan
materilq pekerj4 peralatan, dan peralatan
yang perlu untuk radiography inspeksi
100% semua girth weld. Peralatan,
kwatifikasi radiograPhY Prosedur,
DOC. NO. PCI-API-NDT-OO2
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ITEV. NO 00
DATE l6 August,20l5
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I Purpose
1.1 This procedure provides guidance during
the conduct of radiographic examination of
welds of ferrous material (carbon steel,
low alloy steel and stainless steel material)
include PQT and WPQT , using X-rays or
Gamma rays.
For PQT and WPQT, radiographic testing
shall be performed at least 24 hours after
finish welding.
1.2 This procedure consists of English and
Indonesian versions, should there is
conflict between these versions the English
version shall govern.
2 General
2.1 This procedure presents the requirements
for producing radiographic images on film
or other media through the use of X-rays or
gamma rays. A detailed procedure for the
production of images shall be established
and recorded. Radiographic film produced
by the use of this procedure shall have the
density, clarity, and contrast required by
this standard. Images produced by other
systems shall have the requisite sensitivity
to define clearly the essential wire
diameter of the proper Image Quality
Indicator (lQI). The following criteria shall
be used to evaluate images:
An acceptable image quality that is free
from fog and from processing irregularities
that could mask the image of actual
imperfections.
The prescribed Image Quality Indicator
(IQI) and the essential wire diameter.
c. A satisfactory identification system.
dan d. An acceptable technique and setup.
standar e. Compatibil ity with acceptance standards.
semua 2-2 Contractor shall furnish all materials,
labor, tools, and equipment necessary to
radiography inspection 100% of all girth
welds. The equipment, film, radiographic
procedure qualification, qualification of
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RADIOGRAPIIIC EXAMINATION
P_ROEEDBR$--AP-I' lJ
penggunaan penetrameter, proses film,
film identifikasi, penyimpanan record
harus didkumentasikan
2.3 Kontraktor harus menyediakan
menjaga peralatan dan spare part untuk
radiography dan komplet proses film,
plus semua film, screen, mask, filter,
penetrameter, cassett, lead number dan
letter, proses chemical, dsb. Perlu untuk
spesifftasi radiography dan film proses.
2.4 Kecuali sumber radiasi alternative
disetujui oleh Company / principal,
semua lasan 12 inch dan lebih besar
diameter mainline pipe, kecuali lasan tie-
in, harus di radiography dengan self
propelled, crawler X-ray machine. X-ray
machine harus mampu di posisikan dan
dioperasikan dari jauh. Radiographic
equipment harus ada collimator
membatasi lebar beam ke lebar film plus
51 mm ( 2 inches ) menghindari exposure
yang tidak center. Kontraktor harus
menjaga dua ( 2 ) crawler untuk setiap
lokasi ( 100% standby ) siap dipakai dan
jaga spare part
2.5 Jika diperlukan oleh Company
principal, Kontraktor harus menyediakan
dan menyediakan peralatan extemal
radiography dan spare part. Kontraktor
harus menyediakan dan menyediakan
semua peralatan dan mensuply yang
diperlukan radiography tsb. Tie-in weld
bisa diinspeksi dengan X-ray atau gamma
ray, external radiography.
2.6 Sebelum produksi radiograPhY
Kontraktor harus mencatat detail setiap
maksud penggunaan prosedur, termasuk
semua item yang disebut diatas.
2.7 Setiap prosedur harus di kwalifikasi
untuk demonstrasi kemampuan
menghasilkan radiograp yang diterima.
Kwalifrkasi radiograph harus dibuat dari
minimum dan maximum wall thickness
umtuk setiap prosedur.
Semua demonstrasi prosedur radiography
harus di saksikan oleh, dan harus dapat
pengesahan Company / PrinciPal
DOC. NO. PCI.API-NDT-O02
REV. NO 00
DATE 16 August,2015
04- I-A(r11, )ot/t
radiographer, use ofpenetrameters, film
processing, film identification, record
keeping shall be documented.
dan 2.3 Contractor shall furnish and maintain
equipment and spare parts for radiography
and for complete film processing, plus all
film, screens, masks, filters, penetrameters,
cassettes, lead numbers and letters,
processing chemicals, etc., necessary for
the specified radiography and film
processing.
2.4 Unless an alternative radiation source is
agreed to by Company / principal, all 12
inch and larger diameter mainline pipe
welds, except tie-in welds, shall be
radiographed using self propelled, crawler
X-ray machines. These X-ray machines
shall have capability of being accurately
positioned and actuated remotely.
Radiographic equipment shall contain a
collimator limiting beam width to film
width plus 51 mm ( 2 inches ) guarding
against off-center exposures. Contractor
shall maintain two ( 2 ) crawlers for each
spread ( 100% standby ) ready for use
with routine maintenance spare parts.
I 2.5 If required by Company / principal,
Contractor also shall furnish and maintain
external radiography equipment and spare
parts. Contractor shall furnish and maintain
all equipment and supplies required for the
specified radiography. Tie-in welds may be
inspected either X-ray or galnma raY,
external radiography.
2.6 Prior to any production radiography,
Contractor shall record the details of each
procedure the intends to use, including all
items listed above.
2.7 Each procedure shall be qualified to
demonstrate the capability to produce
acceptable radiographs. Qualification
radiographs shall be made of both
minimum and maximum wall thickness for
each procedure.
All radiographic procedure demonstration
shall be witnessed by, and are subject to
the approval Company / PrinciPal
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RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION DATE 16 August,2015

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Representa-tives. Representatives.
2.8 Kontraktor harus mensuply prosedur 2.8 Contractor shall supply written safety
keselamatan ke Company / principal procedures to Company / principal
meliputi: covering :

a. Normal storage dan transportasi a. Normal storage and transportation of

sumber radiasi source
b. Personnel exposure monitoring, b. Personnel exposure monitoring,
control dan evakuasi controls and evacuation.
c. Mengembalikan sumber yang lepas ( c. Retrieval of a disconnected source (
system crank rusak ) crank out system )
d. Kegagalan jendela camera pipeline d. Failure of pipeline camera window to
untuk menutup close
e. Kerusakan badan carnera e. Rupture of camera body
t. Kontaminasi dari Containment karena t. Containment of contamination due to a
kerusakan sumber ( isotope keluar ruptured source ( isotope is out of the
dari pelindungnya dan tidak bisa shield and cannot be put back )
dikembalikan ) s. Contractor shall fumish all personnel,
s. Kontraktor harus menyediaakan handling tools and containment device
semua personnel, alat angkat dan alat at the job site necessary to execute the
continer di job site perlu untuk above described safety at all times
melakukan keselamatan diatas setiap during the source of the work.
waktu selama summber dipakai.

3 Persyaratan Keselamatan 3 Safety Requirements

3.1 Peraturan keselamatan PT. CUTECH 3.1 PT. CUTECH INDONESIA's safety
INDONESIA harus ditaati selama dalam regulation shall be followed during
pengujian. examination.
3.2 KESELAMATAN ( S.H.E 3.2 SAFETY ( S.H.E INSTRUCTION )
INSTRUKSI )
o Selalu menggunakan PPE such as o Always use PPE such as Safety shoes,
sepafu keselamatan, sarung tangan, hand glove, safety glass, and helmet.
kaca mata keselamatan, dan helm. o Watch out for slippery and falling
o Waspada tempat yang licin dan benda object.
jatuh o Watch out for the hazard around the
. Waspada benda berbahaya sekitar areas.
tempat kerja . Stop the activities and report to client
o Berhenti kerja dan lapor ke supervisor and supervisor for unsafe working
untuk tempat kerja yang tidak aman condition.
r Pasang barricade atau tali pengaman o Put barricade or safety line in the safe
pada jarak aman jika radiography distance during the radiographic
. Pakai alat pengaman ketinggian jika . Use fall protection equipment if
kerja diatas 2 m working above 2 m.
. Pungut sampah dan buang ditempat o Collect all waste and put it in agreed
yang tersedia place.
o Jangan membuang pelumas, oli atau . Do not expose any lubricant, oil or test
cairan bekas test ke lantai fluid to the ground.
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"PRO€EE{iRFA P I*H-04-- rAUI, totzt
4 R.eferensi 4 References
4.1 PT. CUTECH INDONESLA. Written 4.1 PT. CUTECH INDONESIA's Written
Practice Prosedur Practice Procedure
4.2 API I104, 2013 Edition,Welding of 4.2 API 1104, 2013 Edition,Welding of
Pipeline and Related Facilities. (SNI 13- Pipeline and Related Facilities. (SNf 13-
3472-2002) , ERATA-I, 2, 3 dan 3472-2002), ERATA-I, 2, 3 and
Addendum 2014. Addendum 2014.
4.3 ASME BPV Section V, Article 2,2015 4.3 ASME BPV Section V, Article 2, 2015
Edition Edition

5 Definisi-definisi
5.1 RT: Pengujian Radiografi.
5.2 NDE: Pengujian tanpa merusak.
5.3 IQI: Indikator qualitas gambar
radiografi.
5.4 Densitometer: sebuah
mengukur density film radiografi.
5.5 Indication: respon atau tanda bukti dari
sebuah pengujian tanpa merusak yang
memerlukan interpretasi untuk relevansi.
5.6 Nominal thickness : tebal nominal dari
material induk saja. Tolerance dari pabrik
pembuat tidak diperhitungkan.
5.7 Object-to-film distance, t : Jarak antara
permukaan objek sisi radiasi dan
permukaan film diukur sepanjang central
dari beam radiasi.
5.8 Source size, S: ukuran dari sumber
radiasi
5.9 Source-to-film distance, SFD : jarak
antara sumber radiasi dan film diukur
pada arah dari beam radiasi.
s.10 Source-to-object distance, D : Jarak
antara sumber radiasi dan objek dari sisi
sumber radiasi diukur sepanjang central
dari beam radiasi.
5 Definitions
5.1 RT : Radiographic Examination.
5.2 NDE: Non Destructive Examination.
5.3 IQI: Image Quality Indicator.
alat untuk 5.4 Densitometer: a device for measuring the
optical density of radiograph film.
5.5 Indication: the respond or evidence frotn a
nondestructive examination that requires
interpretation to determine relevance.
5.6 Nominal thickness : The nominal
thickness of the parent material only.
Manufacturing tolerances do not have to be
taken in account.
5.7 Object-to-film distance, t : The distance
between the radiation side of the test object
and the film surface measured along the
central axis of the radiation beam.
5.8 Source size, S : The size of the source
radiation.
5.9 Source-to-film distance, SFD : The
distance between the source of radiation
and the film measured in the direction of
the beam.
5.10 Source-to-objectdistance,D:The
distance between the source of radiation
and the source side of the test object
measured along the cental axis of the
radiation beam.

6 Kwalifikasi Personel dan Tanggung 6 Personnel Qualification and

Jawab Responsibility
6.1 Personel yang melakukan pengujian 6.1 Personnel conducting the examination
harud dikualifikasi berdasarkan PT. shall be qualified in accordance with PT.
CUTECH INDONESIA Written Practice CUTECH INDONESIA's Wriuen Practice
Prosedur Procedure.
 i,iiIIIT'IIINDONESIA DOC. NO. PCI-API.NDT-O02
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u RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION DATE 16 August, 2015

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6.2 Personel yang menentuka-n keberterimaan 6.2 Personnel determining the acceptability to
sesuai s)'arat -syarat dari prosedur ini the requirements of this procedure shall be
harus mempunyai kwalifikasi Level II qualified to Level II or Level III
atau Level III radiographer.

7 Instruksi 7 Instructions
7.1 Persiapan Permukaan 7.1 Surface Preparation
7.1.1 Riak lasan atau penyimpangan 7.1.1 Weld ripples or weld surface irregularities
permukaan lasan baik pada bagian dalam on both the inside (where accessible) and
(di mana dapat diakses) dan luar harus outside shall be removed to such a degree
dihilangkan sedemikian rupa sehingga that the resulting radiographic image due
gambar radiografi yang dihasilkan karena to surface irregularities cannot mask or be
permukaan yang tidak rata tidak confused with the image of any
menutupi atau menjadi bingung dengan discontinuities.
gambar dari setiap diskontinuitas.
7.1.2 Permukaan dari semua sambungan las 7.1.2 The finished surface of all butt welded
butt mungkin digerinda rata dengan joints may be flush with the base material
bahan dasar atau mempunyai cukup or may have reasonably uniform crowns,
mahkota seragarn, dengan reinforcement, with reinforcement, not to exceed that
tidak melebihi yang ditentukan dalam specified in the referencing Code.
referensi code.
7.2 Perlengkapan dan material 7.2 Equipments and materials
7.2.1 Sumber radiasi harus dari X-Ray atau 7.2.1 Radiation source shall be from X-Ray or
Se 75 jika disetujui oleh Customer. Se 75 when agreed by Customer The
Energy radiasi yang dipakai untuk teknik radiation energy employed for
radiografi harus bisa menghasilkan radiographic technique shall achieve the
density dan gambar IQI yang density and IQI image requirements.
dipersyaratkan.
7.2.2 Ukuran source atau focal spot harus 7.2.2 The source size or focal spot shall be
terangkan dengan pernyataan tertulis. identified by written statements
7.2.3 Range penetrasi yang diizinkan untuk 7.2.3 The permitted penetration ranges for
sumber gamma ray harus seperti Table garnma ray source shall be as Table below.
berikut. For certain application wider wall
Untuk aplikasi khusus tebal range boleh thickness range may be permitted, if
lebih lebar diperbolehkan, jika iamage sufficient image quality can be achieved.
quality yang cukup bisa dilaksanakan.

7.2.4 Table, Penetrated thk Range gamma ray for steel, 7.2.4 Table, Penetrated thk Range gamma ray for steel,
copper and nickel copper and nickel
Penetrated thickness, w mm Penetrated thickness, w mm
Radiation source Radiation source
Test class A Test class B Test class A Test class B
r)
Se 75
I)
l0<w<20 l4<w<20 Se 75 l0<w<20 l4Sw<20
lr 192 l0<w<40 14<w<40 lr 192 l0<w<40 l4<w<40

7.2.5 Film Radiografi harus sesuai dengan EN 7.2.5 Radiographic film shall be as per EN 584 -
584 I : C3, Film RT harus I : C3, RT film shall use the following
menggunakan merk dan class sbb : brands and class :
Film brand AGFA, Film brand AGFA,
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RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION
I I\VLDYUIU
a. Untuk tie in dengan gamma ray : D4
b. Untuk tie in <iengan X ray : D7
Catatan : merk dan klas film lainnya bisa
digunakan asalkan mendapat persetujuan
dari Inspektor yang berwenang.
7.2.6 Densitometer yang terkalibrasi harus
digunakan untuk mengevaluasi film RT.
7.2.7 National Standard Step Tablet Film
National standard step tablet film
traceable ke national standard step tablet
dan mempunyai paling sedikit 5 steps
dengan neutral densities paling sedikit
dari 1.0 sampai 4.0 harus digunakan.
National standard step tablet film bisa
digunakan tanpa verifikasi selama satu
tahun setelah dibuka, asalakan masih
dalam waktu yang disebut pembuatnya.
7.2.8 Kalibrasi Densitometer.
a. Densitometers harus dikalibrasi paling
sedikit seliap 90 hari selama digunakan
sebagai berikut :
b. Instruksi pabrik dalam pengoperasian
densitometer harus diikuti.
c. Step density yang dekat dengan 1, 2, 3
dan 4 density unit pada step wedge film
yang terkalibrasi harus dibaca.
d. Densitometer diterima jika pembacaan
density tidak bervariasi lebih dari +0.05
density unit. Dalam suatu hal ada
perbedaan yang berdampak pada
penerimaan film, pembacaan
densitometer yang dipakai.
e. Kalibrasi check harus dilaksanakan pada
setiap awal shift, setelah 8 jam digunakan
secara terus menerus atau setelah diganti
spare partnya, mana yang terjadi dahulu.
Periodic densitometer verification check
tidak perlu didokumentasikan, log
aktivitas bisa dibuat untuk aktivitas ini.
7.3 Exposure Geometry
7.3.1 Film Radiogaphy
7.3.1.1 Ketika sumber radiografi terpusat pada
pipa untuk penyinaran lasan lurus, salah
satu paparan adalah cukup untuk inspeksi
radiografi dari komplet semua lasan
(swE/swv)
DOC. NO. PCI-API-ND1--002
- iI r. Sci l)anas. Balam. lndoncsia
REV. NO 00
DATE 16 August, 2015
- AI I IIU! rAU[ votzt
c. For tie in using gimlma ray is D4
d. For tie in using X ray is D7
Note : other film brands and class may be
used provided receive approval from
Authorized lnspector.
7.2.6 Calibrated Densitometer shall be used
during RT film evaluation.
7.2.7 A National Standard Step Tablet Film
A national standard step tablet film
traceable to a national standard step tablet
and having at least 5 steps with neutral
densities from at least 1.0 through 4.0 shall
be used. A national standard step tablet
film may be used without verification
for one year upon opening, provided it is
within the manufacturers stated selfJife.
7.2.8 Densitometer Calibration
a. Densitometers shall be calibrated at least
everT 90 days during use as follow:
b. The manufacturer's instructions for the
operation of densitometer shall be
followed.
c. The density steps closest to l, 2, 3 and 4
density unit on the calibrated step wedge
film shall be read.
d. The densitometer is acceptable if the
density readings do not vary more than
t0.05 density unit. In case of a difference
affecting acceptability of the film, the
densitometer reading shall govern.
e. Calibration verification check shall be
performed at the beginning of each shift,
after 8 hrs. continual use or after change
of apertures, whichever comes first.
Periodic densitometer verification checks
do not have to be documented, the activity
log may be provided.
7.3 Exposure Geometry
7.3.1 FiLm Radiography
7.3.1.1 When a radiographic source is centered in
the pipe for exposing a butt weld, one
exposure is adequate for the radiographic
inspection of the complete weld
(swE/swv).
 PI T'UTECH INDONFS],\
DOC. NO. PCI-API.NDT-OO2
Kontplek Tanjung Trisakti. ilkrck .ir
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REV. NO 00

RADIOGRAPHIC BXAMINATION DATE 16 August,2015

r A\'Il tvlrtLl

7.3.1.2 Ketika sumber radiografi di luar tetapi 7.3.1.2 When the radiographic source is outside
tidak lebih dari ll2 in (13 mm) dari but not more than ll2 in.(l3 nim) from the
perrnukaan lasan, setidaknya tiga paparan weld surface, at least three exposures
yang terpisah 120 derajat harus dibuat separated by 120' shall be made for the
untuk inspeksi radiografi seluruh lasan radiographic inspection of a complete weld
(DWE/SWV) (DWE/Swv).
7.3.r.3 Ketika sumber radiografi berada di luar 7.3.1.3 When the radiographic source is outside
dan lebih dari ll2 in (13 mm) dari and more than ll2 in. (13 mm) from the
permukaan lasan, setidaknya empat weld surface, at least four exposures
paparan yang terpisah 90 o harus dibuat separated by 90" shall be made for the
untuk inspeksi radiografi seluruh lasan radiographic inspection of a complete weld
(DwE/ Swv) (DwE/ SWV).
7.3.1.4 Ketika diameter pipa yang terdapat las 7.3.1.4 When the diameter of the piping
adalah 3.500 inci (88,9 mm) atau kurang, containing the weld is 3.500 in. (88.9 mm)
DWE/DWV prosedur dapat digunakan or less, a DWE/DWV procedure may be
used.
7.3.1.5 Bila prosedur ini digunakan dan sinar 7.3.1.5 When this procedure is used and the
radiasi adalah offset sehingga bagian radiation beam is offset so that the source-
source-side dan film-side las tidak side and film-side portions of the weld do
tumpang tindih di bidang radiografi yang not overlap in the areas of the radiograph
sedang dievaluasi, setidaknya dua being evaluated, at least two exposures
paparan yang terpisah 90 o harus dibuat separated by 90" shall be made for the
untukpemeriksaan radio grafi lasan radiographic inspection of a complete
weld.
7.3.1.6 Ketika bagian source-side dan film-side 7.3.1.6 When the source-side and film-side
lasan ditumpangkan, setidaknya tiga portions of the weld are superimposed, at
paparan yang dipisahkan oleh 60 o harus least three exposures separated by 60" shall
dibuat untuk inspeksi radiografi seluruh be made for the radiographic inspection of
lasan a complete weld.
7.3.1.7 Ketika diameter yang lebih kecil, lebih 7.3.1.7 When smaller diameter, thicker wall pipe
tebal dinding pipa adalah diradiografi, is radiographed, additional exposures
eksposur tambahan harus dilakukan should be made to minimize the distortion
untuk meminimalkan distorsi gambar of imperfection images at the ends of the
ketidaksempurnzum di ujung radiografi radiographs.
7.3.1.8 Jarak minimum antara sumber atau focal 7.3.1.8 The minimum distance between the source
spot dan sisi sumber objek yang or focal spot and the source side of the
diradiografi harus ditentukan dengan object being radiographed shall be
rumus berikut (dengan menggunakan unit determined by the following formula
pengukuran konstan): (using constant units of measurement):
D = Stfl< D: St/k

dimana where
P: jarak minimum, dalam inci, antara D : minimum distance, in inches,
sumber atau focal spot dan sisi between the source or focal spot and
sumber dari obyek yang the source side ofthe object being
diradiografi radiographed,
S : ukuran, dalam inci, dari sumber yang S - size, in inches, of the effective
efektifatau focal spot source or focal spot,
 PT CU.IECII IND( )NI:S1.1.
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RADIOGRAPIilC EXAMINATION
NI)N ADNI]DD
t: ketebalan las, daiam inci, termasuk
penguatan, ditambah jarak antara sisi
film las dan film
k: factor geometric unsharpness
Jika radiography digunakan untuk lasan
reel pipe, geometric un-sharpness harus
tidak boleh lebih 0.25 mm ( 0.01 inch )
Ketika t ditentukan untuk prosedur
SWE/SWV dan DWE/SWV, ketebalan
dinding tunggal dan penguatan las yang
harus digunakan. Ketika t ditentukan
untuk prosedru DWE/DWV, diameter
luar las (yaitu, diameter luar pipa
ditambah dua kali tinggi rata-rata dari
mahkota las) harus digunakan. Biasanya,
k adalah 0,02 inci (0,5 mm) untuk
material dengan ketebalan kurang dari
atau sama dengan 2.000 inci (50,8 mm).
7.4 Jenis Image Quality Indicator GaI)
7.4.1 Image Quality Indicators (lQI)
memenuhi persyaratan baik ASTM 8747
atau ISO 19232-l IQI kawat. Perusahaan
harus menentukan jenis IQI (ASTM atau
ISO) yang akan digunakan.
7.4.2 IQI harus dibuat dari bahan yang
radiografi mirip dengan material yang
dilas.
7.5 Pemilihan Image Quality Indicator
(IQI)
7.5.1 IQI harus terdiri dari salah satu rangkaian
enam (6) kawat untuk tipe kawat ASTM
E747 atat serangkaian tujuh (7) kawat
untuk tipe kawat ISO IQI 19232-7,
disusun sesuai diameter secara bertahap.
7.5.2 Diameter kawat esensial untuk
digunakan, berdasarkan ketebalan las
dilampirkan di Tabel 8 (Exhibit I) untuk
IQI tipe kawat ASTM E 747 dan Tabel 9
(Exhibit I) untuk tipe kawat ISO IQI.
7.5.3 Sebagai pilihan kontraktor radiografi,
diameter kawat lebih kecil IQI daripada
yang ditentukan di atas dapat digunakan,
asalkan sensitivitas radiografi yang
diperlukan dapat diperoleh.
DOC. NO. I'CI-API-NDT-OO2
REV. NO 00
DATE l6 August,2015
l rtr t tA,a
-rAlJl!, tt ot Lt
t - thickness of the weld, in inches,
including reinfbrcement, plus the
distance between the film side of the
weld and the fllm.
k- geometric unsharpness factor.
If radiography is used for inspection of reel
pipe welds, geometric un-sharpness shall
not exceed 0.25 mm ( 0.01 inch )
When t is determined for SWE/SWV and
DWE/SWV procedures, the thickness of
the single wall and its weld reinforcement
shall be used. When t is determined for
DWE/DWV procedures, the outside
diameter of the weld (that is, the outside
diameter of the pipe plus twice the average
height of the weld crown) shall be used.
Normally, k is 0.02 in. (0.5 rnm) for
material with a thickness of less than or
equal to 2.000 in.(50.8 mm).
7.4 Type of Image Quality Indicators (IQI)
harus 7.4.1 Image Quality Indicators (lQI) shall
conform to the requirements of either
ASTM E 747 or ISO 19232-l wire IQI.
The company shall define which type IQI
(ASTM or ISO) is to be used.
7.4.2 The IQI shall be made of material that is
radiographically similar to the material
being welded.
7.5 Selection of Image Quatity Indicators
(IQI)
7.5.1 The IQI shall consist of either a series of
six (6) wires for ASTM E747 wire type or
a series of seven (7) wires for ISO 19232-1
wire type IQI, arranged in order of
increasing diameter.
7.5.2 The essential wire diameter to be used,
based on the thickness of the weld is
shown in Table 8 (Exhibit I) for ASTM E
747 wire type IQI and Table 9 (Exhibit I)
for ISO wire type IQI.
7.5.3 At the radiographic contractor's option,
smaller wire diameter IQI than those
specified above may be used, provided the
required radiographic sensitivity is
obtained.
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RADIOG RAPIIIC EXAMINATI ON
I I\VLDYUIW
7.5.4 Gambar radiografi dari
mengidentifikasi gaya nomor dan set
huruf ASTM atau gambar ISO harus
tampak jelas. Gambar dari diameter
kawat esensial harus tampak jelas di
seluruh area of interest.
7.5.5 Sensitivity dari radiograp harus lo/o atau
lebih bagus pada area lasan, yang
mungkin perlu tambahan 25% lama
exposure. Ini harus ditentukan sesuai
dengan ASME Section V.
Catatan: Untuk tujuan seleksi IQI,
ketebalan las berarti tebal dinding
nominal ditambah reinforcement las
(gabungan intemal plus ekstemal).
Jika teknik " elliptical " DWE/DWV
digunakan, tebal lasan adalah dua kali
wall thickness yang dimaksud plus single
weld reinforcement ( internal plus
external kombinasi ).
Jika teknik " superimposed " DWE/DWV
digunakan, tebal lasan adalah dua kali
wall thickness yang dimaksud plus dua
kali weld reinforcement ( intemal plus
external kombinasi ).
7.6 Penempatan Image Quality Indicator
(IQI)
7.6.1 Film
IQI harus ditempatkan sebagai berikut:
a. Ketika lasan diradiografi dengan
eksposur tunggal menggunakan sumber
dari dalam pip4 setidaknya empat IQI
ditempatkan melintang di las dan
berjarak kira-kira sama dalam lingkaran
harus digunakan.
b. Untuk prosedur DWEiDWV, satu IQI
harus ditempatkan pada sisi sumber pada
pipa dan melintang di lasan sehingga
gambar kawat esensial menumpuk ke
gambar las.
c Untuk prosedur DWE/SWV atau SWE/
SWV yang membutuhkan beberapa
paparan untuk pemeriksaan lengkap
lasan, dan di mana panjang filrn yang
akan diinterpret lebih besar dari 5 inci
(130 mm), dua IQI ditempatkan
DOC. NO. PCI-API-NDT-OO2
lii([,r(:iit
REV. NO 00
DATE 16 August,2015
lnr tln/
_ AT I IIV' rA('l! tLotLl
IQI 7.5.4 The radiographic images of the IQI
identifuing style number and ASTM set
letter or ISO designation shall appear
clearly. The image of the essential wire
diameter shall appear clearly across the
entire area of interest.
7.5.5 Radiographic sensitivity shall be l%o or
better in weld area, which rnay require an
additional 25oh longer exposure. This shall
be determined according to ASME Section
V.
Note: For purposes of IQI selection, the
thickness of the weld shall mean nominal
wall thickness plus the rveld reinforcement
(internal plus external combined).
When the " elliptical " DWE/DWV
technique is used, the thickness of the weld
means twice the specified wall thickness
plus the single weld reinforcement (
internal plus external combined ).
When the " superimposed " DWE/ DWV
technique is used, the the thickness of the
weld means twice the specified wall
thickness plus the twice weld
reinforcement ( internal plus external
combined ).
7.6 Placement of Image Quality Indicators
(IQI)
7.6.1 Film
The IQI shall be placed as follows:
a When a complete weld is radiographed in a
single exposure using a source inside the
piping, at least four IQI placed across the
weld and spaced approximately equally
around the circumference shall be used.
b. For the DWE/DWV procedure, one IQI
shall be placed on the source side of the
pipe and across the weld so that the
essential wire image is superimposed onto
the weld images.
c For the DWE/SWV or SWE/ SWV
procedures requiring multiple exposrlres
for complete inspection of the weld, and
where the length of film to be interpreted is
greater than 5 in. (130 mm), two IQI
placed across the weld and located on the
 PT CI.jT T.( i I INIX iNIISIA
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RADIOGRAPIIIC EXAMINATION
melintang di lasan dan terletak pada
film harus digunakan. Satu harus berada
dalam jarak I in (25 mm) dari akhir film
panjang diinterpretasikan dan yang
lainnya harus di tengah-tengah film.
d Ketika panjang trlm diinterpret adalah 5
inci (130 mm) atau kurang, satu IQI
harus ditempatkan pada sisi film,
melintang di lasan dan terletak di pusat
panjang yang akan diinterpret.
e. Ketika las diperbaiki diradiografi, sebuah
IQI tambahan harus ditempatkan di setiap
daerah yang diperbaiki.
f. Bila tidak praktis untuk m enempatkan
IQI pada lasan karena las konfigurasi
atau ukuran, IQI dapat ditempatkan pada
blok terpisah. blok terpisah harus dibuat
dari material yang sama atau mirip dan
dapat digunakan untuk memfasilitasi
posisi IQI. Ketebalan bahan blok terpisah
harus sama dengan ketebalan dari lasan.
o Heat shields: IQI dapat ditempatkan pada
perisai panas selain kontak dengan pipa,
dengan ketentuan bahwa penerimaan
penempatan IQI didemonstrasikan pada
saat kualifi kasi prosedur.
h. Untuk kwalifikasi, keduanya source dan
film side penetrameter harus digunakan
pada setiap lokasi dimana penetrameter
diperlukan dalam produksi radiography.
Keduanya source dan film side
penetrameter harus digunakan pada
setiap produksi radiography lokasi
penetrameter
7.7 Identifikasi gambar
7.7.1 Gambar harus jelas diidentifikasi dengan
menggunakan lead numbers, lead letters,
marker, atau identifikasi lain sehingga
lasan dan setiap cacat dapat dengan cepat
dan akurat diketahui lokasinya.
Perusahaan bisa menentukan prosedur
identifikasi yang akan digunakan.
7.7.2 Bila lebih dari satu gambar digunakan
untuk memeriksa mengelas, marker
identifikasi harus muncul pada setiap
gambar, dan gambar yang berdekatan
DOC. NO. I'CI-API.NDT-OO2
- 10. Sci Panrrs. Ilarar,: ir)Jrrnesia
REV. NO 00
DATE l6 August,2015
rA(Jl, 150lzl
film side shall be used. One shall be within
I in. (25 mm) of the end of the film length
to be interpreted and the other shall be at
the center of the film.
d. When the film length to be interpreted is 5
in. (130 mm) or less, one IQI shall be
placed on the fllm side, across the weld
and located at the center of the length to be
interpreted.
e. When a repaired weld is radiographed, an
additional IQI shall be placed across each
repaired area.
f. When it is not practical to place an IQI on
the weld due to weld configuration or size,
the IQI may be placed on a separate block.
Separate blocks shall be made of the same
or radiographically similar material and
may be used to facilitate IQI positioning.
The thickness of the separate block
material should be the same as the
thickness of the weld.
<, Heat shields: IQI may be placed on a heat
shield rather than in contact with the pipe,
provided that the acceptability of such IQI
placement is demonshated during
procedure qualifi cation
h For qualification , both source and film
side penetrameters shall be used at each
location where penetrameters are required
in production radiography. Both source
and film side penetrameters shall be used
at each production radiograPhY
penetrameter location.
7.7 Identification of Images
7.7.1 Images shall be clearly identified by the
use of lead numbers, lead letters, markers,
or other identification so that the proper
weld and any imperfections in it can be
quickly and accurately located. The
company may specify the identification
procedure to be used.
7.7.2 Whenever more than one image is used to
inspect a weld, identification markers shall
appear on each image, and adjacent images
shall overlap.
 PT ( i., I L:i i i l\ri)i)\ESI;\
DOC. NO PCI-API-NDT-OO2
Kontp.ltL iln_;iriru'lrisakti. lllock ..\ - l(1. \,,i i ,i,i,\ iiir; ,'r- lndorresia
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RBV. NO 00

RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION DATE 16 August,20l5

ADI tIJ\I
-mcE-- 14 0l'z-l
harus tumpang tindih.
7.7.3 Marker referensi terakhir pada setiap 7.7.3 The last reference marker on each end of
akhir gambar harus muncul pada gambar the image shall appear on the appropriate
berdekatan yang sesuai dengan cara adjacent images in a way that establishes
menetapkan bahwa tidak ada bagian las that no part of the weld has been omitted.
telah dihilangkan.

7.8 Penyimpanan film 7.8 Storage of Film

7.8.r Film 7.8.1 Film
Semua film tidak terpapar harus disimpan All unexposed films shall be stored in a
di tempat yang bersih dan kering dimana clean, dry place where the conditions will
kondisi tidak akan berdampak bumk not detrimentally affect the emulsion. If
terhadap emulsi. .lika pertanyaan timbul any question arises about the condition of
tentang kondisi film tidak terpapar, the unexposed film, sheets from the front
lembaran dari depan dan belakang setiap and back of each package or a length of
paket atau panjang film sama dengan film equal to the circumference of each
keliling setiap roll asli harus diproses original roll shall be processed in the
dengan cara yang normal tanpa terkena normal manner without exposure to light
cahaya atau radiasi. or radiation.
7.8.2 Jika film diproses menunjukkan kabul, 7.8.2 If the processed film shows fog, the entire
seluruh kotak atau roll dari mana film uji box or roll from which the test film was
telah dihapus harus dibuang, kecuali tes removed shall be discarded, unless
tambahan membuktikan bahwa film yang additional tests prove that the remaining
tersisa dalam kotak atau roll bebas dari film in the box or roll is free from pre-
pra-paparan kabut melebihi 0,30 H&D exposure fog exceeding 0.30 H&D
menular density transparent-based film transmitted density for transparent-based
atau 0,05 H & D tercermin density untuk film or 0.05 H&D reflected density for
opaque-based film. opaque-based film.
Catatan:H & D mengacu pada metode Note: H&D refers to the Hurter-Driffield
Hurter-Driffreld untuk mendefinisikan method of defining quantitative blackening
kuantitatif kehitaman dari film. of the film.

7.9 Density film dan Sensitivity 7.9 Film Density and Sensitivity
7.9.1 Semua final interpretasi dari film harus 7.9.1 The final interpretation of all films shall be
dilakukan oleh Company / principal made by Company / principal
representative. representative. Radiographs shall be
Radiograph harus diinterpret sesuai interpreted in accordance with acceptance
dengan acceptance standard standard
7.9.2 Semua cacat lasan dan bagian lasan 7.9.2 All welds or portions of welds disclosed by
ditemukan oleh inspeksi radiography radiographic inspection to be defective
harus direpair atau dipotong dan di las shall be repaired or cut out and re-welded
ulang dengan tidak ada yang dibebankan at no cost to Company / principal.
ke Company / principal.
7.9.3 Density film 7.9.3 Film Density
Kecuali untuk area kecil yang disebabkan Except for small localized areas caused by
oleh konfigurasi lasan tidak teratur, irregular weld configurations, the
density H&D ditransmisikan di area of H&D density in the area of
transmitted
 Iri ! i ii( IllNl-)()NITSL\
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DOC. NO. PCI-API-NI)T-OO2
i)i,!]ii:. I]llaln. Indonesia
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RBV. NO 00

u c RADIOGRAPIIIC EXAM TNATION DATE 16 August,20l5

AI)I TTIl/
rAUI' tJottt
interest transparent-based tidak film interest of transparent-based film shall not
boleh kurang dari 2.5. Maximum densitv be less than 2.5. The maiimum density
adalah 3.5 dimana interpretasi bisa shall be 3.5. where adequate interpretation
dilaksanakan dengan viewer. can be achieved with the view screen.

7.9.4 Peralatan film viewing 7.9.4 Film Viewing Equipment

a. Peralatan viewing (illuminator) harus
dari jenis variabel intensitas tinggi dan
harus mampu melihat densitas film dalam
rentang yang ditennrkan. Ini
dilengkapi untuk mencegah cahaya, yang
datang dari sekitar tepi luar radiografi
atau melalui bagian kepadatan rendah
radiografi , dari mengganggu interpretasi.
b Fasilitas Film viewing
Fasilitas viewing harus tersedia
pencahayaim remang - yang tidak akan
menyebabkan refleksi yang mengganggu,
bayangan, atau silau pada radiograf.
c. Ruangan interpretasi harus bisa
digunakan minimum 3 orang, terpisah
dari dark room.
a. The viewing equipment (illuminator) shall
be of the variable high-intensity type and
shall be capable of viewing film densities
harus within the range specified. It shall be
equipped to prevent light, coming from
around the outer edge of the radiograph or
through low density portions of the
radiograph, from interfering with
interpretations.
b. Film Viewing Facilities
Viewing facilities shall provide subdued
background lighting of an intensity that
will not cause troublesome reflections,
shadows, or glare on the radiograph.
c. The room interpretation shall
accommodate a minimum of 3 persons,
separated from dark room

7.10 Proses gambar 7.10 Image Processing

Bila diminta oleh perusahaan, film
media gambar lain harus
ditangani, dan disimpan sehingga gambar
bisa diinterpret lagi minimal 10 tahun
setelah dibuat.
atau When requested by the company, film or
diproses, other imaging media shall be processed,
handled, and stored so that the images are
interpretable for at least 10 years after they
are produced.

7.11 Area process gambar 7.11 Image Processing Area

Semua area process film dan semua The image processing area and all
aksesorisnya harus di jaga kebersihannya accessories shall be kept clean at all times.
setiap saat.

7.12 Film identifikasi, arah penomoran pada 7.12 Film idcntification, the direction of
meteran harus searah jarum jam jika numbering on tape shall be clock wise
melihat di arah aliran. when looking in direction of flow.

8 Standard Keberterimaan 8 Acceptance Standards

General: General:
a. Semua densiti dimaksud paragraph a. All densities referred to following
didasarkan pada gambar negatif. paragraph are based on negative images.
b. Minimum standard acceptability untuk b. Minimum acceptability standards for
penetration, fusion, burned through areas, penetration, fusion, burned through areas,
slag inclusion, gas pockets, slag inclusion, gas pockets, discontinuities,
 Piiiii(lllN'DONhSl,\
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RADIOGRAPIIIC EXAIVIINATION
Dnn a6hYrnn
discontinuities, and undercutting harus
sesuai dengan 831.8 Code
8.1 Inadequate penetration tidak 8.1
diperbolehkan
8.2 Incomplete Fusion.
Incomplete Fusion (IF) didefinisikan
sebagai ketidaksempurnazm perrnukaan
antara logam las dan bahan dasar yang
terbuka ke permukaan. Kondisi ini secara
skematis diperlihatkan pada Gambar
16. IF harus dianggap sebagai defect bila
salah satu kondisi berikut ada:
a. Panjang indikasi individual IF
melebihi I in (25 mm)
b. Panjang agregat dari indikasi IF
dalam setiap 12 in. (300 mm)
kontinyu panjang lasan melebihi
(25 mm)
c. Panjang agregat dari indikasi IF
melebihi 8Yo dari panjang lasan di
lasan apapun kurang dari 12 inci
(300 mm) panjang
8.3 Incomplete Fusion Due to Cold Lap
Incomplete Fusion Due to Cold Lap
(lFD) didefinisikan sebagai
ketidaksempumium antara dua manik-
manik las yang berdekatan atau antara
logam las dan logam dasar yang tidak
terbuka ke permukaan.Kondisi ini secara
skematis diperlihatkan pada Gambar
17. IFD harus dianggap sebagai defect
bila salah satu kondisi berikut ada:
a. Panjang indikasi individual IFD
melebihi 2 in (50 mm)
b. Panjang agregat dari indikasi IFD
dalam setiap 12 in. (300 mm)
kontinyu panjang lasan melebihi 2 in
(50 mm)
c. Panjang agregat dari indikasi IFD
melebihi 8% dari panjang lasan.
8.4 Internal Concavity.
Intemal Concavity (IC) didefinisikan
dalam 3.2.7 (APl Standard 1104) dan
DOC. NO. PCI-API-NDT-002
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REV. NO 00
DATE 16 August,20l5
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and undercutting shall also cumpli/ with
ASME 83l.8 Code.
Inadequate penetration is not allorved
8.2 Incomplete Fusion
Incomplete fusion (IF) is defined as a
surface imperfection between the weld
metal and the base material that is open to
the surface. This condition is shown
schematically in Figure 16. IF shall be
considered a defect should any of the
following conditions exist:
a. The length of an individual indication
of IF exceeds 1 in. (25 mm).
b. The aggregate length of indications of
IF in any continuous 12-in. (300 mm)
I in length of weld exceeds I in. (25 mm).
c. The aggregate length of indications of
IF exceeds 8%o of the weld length in
any weld less than 12 in. (300 mm) in
length.
8.3 Incomplete Fusion Due to Cold Lap
Incomplete fusion due to cold lap (lFD) is
suatu defined as an imperfection between two
adjacent weld beads or between the weld
metal and the base metal that is not open to
the surface. This condition is shown
schematically in Figure 17. IFD shall be
considered a defect should any of the
following conditions exist:
a. The length of an individual indication
of IFD exceeds 2 in. (50 mm).
b. The aggregate length of indications of
IFD in any continuous l2-in. (300
mm) length of weld exceeds 2 in. (50
mm).
c. The aggregate length of indications of
IFD exceeds 8% of the weld length.
8.4 Internal Concavity
Intemal concavity (IC) is defined in 3.2.7
(API Standard I104) and is shown
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RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION
ffiURE--APfll$ts---
skematis diperlihatkan pada Gambar
18. Setiap panjang Intemal Concavity
dapat diterima, asalkan density radiografi
dari Internal Concavity tidak melebihi
base material tertipis berdekatan.
Untuk area yang densitynya melebihi
base material tertipis berdekatan
maka tidak diperbolehkan.
8.5 Burn-Throughtidakdiperbolehkan
8.6 Slag Inclusions
8.6.r Slag Inclusions didefinisikan sebagai
non-logam padat yang terperangkap
dalam logam las atau diantaranya dan
bahan induk. Elongated slag inclusions
(ESls)-misalnya garis slag kontinu atau
terpotong atau trek gerobak biasanya
ditemukan di zona fusion. Isolated slag
inclusions (ISIS) adalah berbentuk tidak
beraturan dan dapat terletak di mana saja
di
Untuk tujuan evaluasi, ketika ukuran
indikasi radiografi terak diukur, dimensi
maksimum indikasi
dipertimbangkan adalah panj ang.
8.6.2 Untuk pipa dengan diameter luar lebih
besar atau sama dengan 2,375 inci (60,3
mm), slag inclusions harus dianggap
sebagai defect bila salah satu kondisi
berikut ada:
a. Panjang sebuah indikasi ESI
melebihi 2 in (50 mm).
Catatan: Paralel ESI indikasi
dipisatrkan oleh sekitar lebar root
bead (trek wagon) harus dianggap
sebagai indikasi tuggal kecuali jika
lebar dari salah mereka melebihi I I
32 inci (0,8 mm). Dalam hal itu,
mereka harus dianggap indikasi
terpisah.
b. Panjang agregat dari ESI
dalam
setiap 12 (300 inmm) kontinu
panjang lasan melebihi 2 in (50 mm)
c. Lebar indikasi ESI melebihi 1/16 in.
(1.6 mm).
DOC. NO. PCI-API-NDT-OO2
REV. NO 00
DATE l6 August,2015
rAGl, l'l ol Z'l
schenratically in Figure 18. Any length of
internal concavity is acceptable, provided
the density of the radiographic image of
the internal concavity does not exceed that
of the thinnest adjacent parent material.
For areas that exceed density of the
thinnest adjacent parent material is not
allowed.
8.5 Burn-Through is not allowed
8.6 Slag Inclusions
8.6.1 A slag inclusion is defined as a
nonmetallic solid entrapped in the weld
metal or between and the parent material.
Elongated slag inclusions (ESIs)-e.g
continuous or broken slag lines or wagon
tracks are usually found at the fusion zone.
Isolated slag inclusions (lSIs) are
irregularly shaped and may be located
anywhere in the weld.
las. For evaluation purposes, when the size of a
radiographic indication of slag is
measured, the indications maximum
harus dimension shall be considered is length.
8.6.2 For pipe with an outside diarneter greater
than or equal to 2.375 in. (60.3 mm), slag
inclusions shall be considered a defect
should any of the following conditions
exist:
a. The length of an ESI indications
exceeds 2 in. (50 mm).
Note: Parallel ESI indications
separated by approximately the width
of the root bead (wagon tracks) shall
be considered a single indication
unless the width of either them
exceeds ll32 in. (0.8 mm). In that
event, they shall be considered
separate indications.
b. The aggregate lenglh of ESI
indications in any continuous 12 in.
(300 mm) length of weld exceeds 2
in. (50 mm).
c. The width of an ESI indication
exceeds 1116in. (1.6 mm).
d. The aggregate lenglh of ISI
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RADIOGRAPTIIC EXA]VIINATION
d. Panjang agregat indikasi ISI setiap
12 in. (300 mm) kontinu
lasan melebitn % in. (1 3 mm)
e. Lebar indikasi ISI melebihi l/8 in. (
3mm)
f. Lebih dari empat indikasi ISI dengan
lebar maksimum l/8 (3 mm) ada
setiap 12 in. ( 300 mm ) kontinu
panjang lasan.
g. Panjang agregat indikasi ESI and ISI
melebihi 8% panjang lasan.
8.6.3 Untuk pipa dengan diameter luar kurang
dari 2,375 inci (60,3 mm), slag inclusions
harus dianggap sebagai defect bila salah
satu kondisi berikut ada:
a. Panjang sebuah indikasi
melebihi tiga kali lebih tipis dari
ketebalan dinding
sambungan
Catatan: indikasi paralel ESI
dipisahkan oleh sekitar lebar dari
bead root (trek wagon) harus
mempertimbangkan ind ikasi terpisah
b. Lebar indikasi ESI melebihi l/16 in
(1.6 mm)
c. Panjang agregat dari indikasi ISI
melebihi dua kali dari ketebalan
tertipis dinding nominal sambungan
dan lebar melebihi satu setengah dari
ketebalan tertipis dinding nominal
sambungan
d. Panjang indikasi ESI and ISI
melebihi 8% panjang lasan
8.7 Porosity
8.7.1 Porosity didefinisikan sebagai gas yang
terperangkap oleh pembekuan logam
lasan sebelum gas memiliki kesempatan
untuk naik ke permukaan cair dan
melarikan diri. Porosity umumnya
berbentuk bulat tetapi mungkin
memanjang atau tidak teratur bentukny4
seperti porosity pipa (lubang
cacing). Bila ukuran dari indikasi
radiografi dihasilkan oleh tuangan diukur,
dimensi maksimum indikasi akan berlaku
dengan kriteria yang diberikan dalam
8.7.2melalui 8.7.4
,,
DOC. NO. PCI-API-NDT-OO2
REV. NO 00
DATE 16 August,2015
PAGE lE ol 27
inciications in any continuous 72 in.
panjang (300 mm) length of weld exceeds %
in. (13 mm)
e. The width of an ISI indication
exceeds 1/8 in. ( 3 mm )
f. More than four ISI indications with
the maximum width of 1/8 (3 mm) are
present in any continuous l2 in. ( 300
mm ) length of weld.
g. The aggregate length of ESI and ISI
indications exceeds 8% of the weld
length.
8.6.3 For pipe with an outside diameter less than
2.375 in. (60.3 mm), slag inclusions shall
be considered a defect should any of the
fol lowing conditions exist:
E,SI a- The length of an ESI indications
exceeds three times the thinner of the
nominal nominal wall thickness joined.
Note: Parallel ESI indications
separated by approximately the width
of the root bead (wagon tracks) shall
be consider separate indications.
b. The width of an ESI indications
exceeds 1/16 in (1.6 mm).
c. The aggregate length of ISI
indications exceeds two times the
thinner of the nominal wall-thickness
joined and the width exceeds one-half
the thinner of the nominal wall
thicknesses joined.
d. The aggregate length of ESI and ISI
indications exceeds 8% of the weld
length.
8.7 Porosity
8.7.1 Porosity is defined as gas trapped by
solidifuing weld metal before the gas has a
chance to rise to the surface of the molten
paddle and escape. Porosity is generally
spherical but may be elongated or irregular
in shape, such as piping (wormhole)
porosity. When the size of the radiographic
indication produce by a pour is measured,
the maximum dimension of the indication
shall apply to the criteria given in 8.7.2
through 8.7.4
 Pl'CtjTt:( il l\i)r r',i \i \
i::rr:it DOC. NO. PCI-API-NDT.OO2
Konrl-.lek TlnjLrrtg ill,rck.A - 10. Sci Panrts. ilai,;r;: in.ii'nc.iir
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RBV. NO 00

CC RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION DATE 16 August,2015

rrl(r(-rrr-ru-Ilt-D - ArI lllr.t PAGIj 19 of 27

8.7.2 Individrr atau scattered porosity (P) 8.7.2 Individual or scattered porosity @) shall
harus dianggap sebagai defect bila salah be considered a defect should any of the
satu kondisi berikut ada: following conditions exist:
a. Ukuran pori individual melebihi 1/8 a. The size of an individual pore exceeds
inci (3 mm) 1/8 in (3 mm).
b. Ukuran pori individual, melebihi b. The size of an individual pore exceeds
25% dai ketebalan tertipis dinding 25o/o of the thinner of the nominal
nominal sambungan wall thicknesses joined
c. Distribusi scattered porosity c. The distribution of scattered porosity
melebihi diizinkan oleh figure 19 exceeds the concentration permitted
atau2O (exhibit atau V). lV by figures 19 or 20 (Exhibit IV or V).
8.7.3 Cluster porosity (CP) yang terjadi dalam 8.7.3 Cluster porosity (CP) that occurs in any
setiap pass kecuali pass akhir harus pass except the finish pass shall comply
memenuhi kriteria 8.9.2. CP yang terjadi with the criteria of 8.9.2. CP that occurs in
di pass akhir harus dianggap sebagai the finish pass shall be considered a defect
defect bila salah satu kondisi berikut ada, should any of the following conditions
lihat lampiran Figure 19 dan 20. exist, see attached Figure 19 dan 20.
a. Diameter cluster melebihi % inci (13 a. The diameter of the cluster exceeds %
mm) in. (13 mm).
b. Panjang agregat CP dalam setiap 12 b. The aggregate length of CP in any
in (300 mm) kontinu panjang lasan continuous 12 in. (300 mm) length of
ada di % in(l3 mm). weld exist % in (13 rnm).
8.7.4 Hollow bead porosity (HB) 8.7.4 Hollow bead porosity (HB) is defined as
didefinisikan sebagai memanjang; elongated; linear porosity that occurs in the
porositas linier yang terjadi pada root root pass. HB shall be considered a defect
pass. HB harus dianggap sebagai defect should any of the foliowing conditions
bila salah satu kondisi berikut ada: exist:
a. Panjang indikasi individual HB a. The length of an individual indication
melebihi %(13 mm) of HB exceeds % in (13 mm)
b. Panjang agregat dari indikasi HB b. The aggregate length of indications of
dalam setiap l2 in (300 mm) kontinu HB in any continuous 12 in. (300
panjang las melebihi 2 in (50 mm) mm) length of the weld exceeds 2 in.
(50 mm).
c. Indikasi HB individual, masing- c. Individual indications of HB, each
masing lebih besar dari % inci (6 greater than t/q in (6 mm) in length,
mm) panjang, dipisahkan oleh are separated by less than 2 in. (50
kurang danz inci (50 mm) mm).
d. Panjang agregat dari semua indikasi d. The aggregate length of all
FIB melebihi 8Yo dari panjang lasan indications of HB exceeds 8% of the
weld length.

8.8 Cracks 8.8 Cracks

Cracks (C) dari semua type tidak Cracks (C) of any type is not allowed.
diperbolehkan.

8.9 Undercut 8.9 Undercutting

Undercutting didefinisikan sebagai alur Undercutting is defined as a groove melted
meleleh ke dalam bahan induk yang into the parent material adjacent to the toe
 Irf ( i i| ( ii r\: r r\.ir\i..\
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RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION
rl11r1-t!t_rullu! - AI I I _t u&I
- berdekatan dengan kaki atau akar dari las
dan tertinggal tak terisi oleh logam
las.Undercutting berdekatan pada cover
pass (EU) atau root pass (IU) harus
dianggap sebagai defect bila salah satu
kondisi berikut ada:
a. Panjang agregat indikasi EU dan IU,
dalam kombinasi apapun, dalam
setiap 12 in (300 mm) kontinu
panjang lasan melebihi 2 in (50 mm)
b. Panjang agregat indikasi EU dan IU,
dalam kombinasi apapun, melebihi
seperenam panjang lasan
Catatan: Lihat 9.7 (API Standard 1104)
untuk standar penerimaan untuk
undercutting bila pengukuran visual dan
mekanis dilaksanakan
8.r0 Accumulation of Imperfections
Tidak termasuk incomplete penetration
due to high-low dan undercutting setiap
Accumulation of Imperfections (AI)
harus dianggap sebagai defect bila salah
satu kondisi berikut ada
a. Indikasi Panjang agregat dalam
setiap 12 in (300 mm) kontinu
panjang lasan melebihi 2 in (50 mm)
b. Panjang agregat dari indikasi
melebihi 8% dari panjang lasan
9 Memproses Image
a Complete record harus di simpan untuk
semua lasan dan repair, termasuk lasan
yang disposisinya tidak memenuhi
standard acceptability. Format fim
identifikasi dan detail dari record harus di
ajukan ke Company / principal untuk
approve sebelum memulai produksi
lasan.
b. Semua radiograph harus diproses untuk
bisa disimpan tanpa berubah warna
sekurangnya 10 ( sepuluh ) tahun. Film
harus disimpan kedalam " dokumen box
" dengan lasan yang sam4
berurutan oleh Kontraktor.
c. Pencucian yang tepat diperlukan untuk
DOC. NO. I'CI-API-NDT-OO2
lllock A - l0. Sei l'ui;,r ll:urir'1. :ii{ir)ne sia
REV. NO 00
DATE l6 August,2015
PAGtr MN(TI
or root of the weld and left unfilled by
weld metal. Undercutting adjacent to the
cover pass (EU) or root pass (IU) shall be
considered a defect should any of the
following conditions exists:
a. The aggregate length of indications of
EU and IU, in any combination, in
any continuous 12 in. (300 mm)
length of weld exceeds 2 in. (50 mm).
b. The aggregate length of indications of
EU and IU, in any combination,
exceeds one sixth of the weld length.
Note: See 9.7 (API Standard 1 104) tbr
acceptance standards for undercutting
when visual and mechanical measurements
are employed.
8.10 Accumulation of Imperfections
Excluding incomplete penetration due to
high-low and undercutting any
accumulation of imperfections (AI) shall
be considered a defect should any of the
following conditions exist:
a. The aggregate length indications in
any continuous 12 in. (300 mm)
length of weld exceeds 2 in. ( 50 mm)
b. The aggregate length of indications
exceeds 8% of the weld length.
9 Image Proccessing
a Complete records shall be kept of all welds
and all repairs, incuding the disposition of
all welds not meeting the standards of
acceptability. Film identification format
and details of record keeping shall be
submitted to Company / principal for
approval prior to start of production
welding.
b. All radiographs shall be proccessed to
allow storage of filrn without discoloration
for at least l0 ( ten ) years. Film shall be
storage in " document box " at the same
secara pace as welding, in an orderly manner by
Contractor.
c. Proper washing is necessary to remove
 P-I' L'LJ I'IIL'Ii 1\ i)ONESIA
Krxrpick IanlLrng l'risaliti, Block A
DOC. NO. PCI-API-NDT-OO2
- I0. Sci l)ana). lJaiam. lndonesia
'l'elp:
-02-7 78--t:2924. Email: adminindifdcurechgroup.conr
rvl'rr. crrlechgrrrup. crrm
REV. NO 00

u RADIOGRAPIIIC EXAMINATION DATE 16 August,20l5

PAGE 2l of27
menghilangkan sisa dari fixer film. Jika residual fixer from the film. If not removed
tidak dihapus dari film, bahan kimia ini from the film, these chemicalswill cause
akan menyebabkan kerusakan berikutnya subsequent damage (staining) and
(pewamaan) dan kerusakan dari gambar deterioration of the radiographic image,
radiografi, terutama di daerah lowdensity. especially in lowdensity areas.
d. Efektivitas pencucian dapat diperiksa d. The effectiveness of washing may be
menggunakan tiosulfat uji sisa bahan checked using the residual thiosulphate
kimia yang dijelaskan di Panduan E 94 chemicals test described in Guide E 94 or
atau ANSI PH4.8. ANSI PH4.8.
e. I ( satu ) film contoh harus diambil dari e. I ( one ) film sampling shall be taken from
setiap 200 film yang di proses. every 200 films processed.
 l)i'( t'il tll I INDONESIA
holriplek I'an-iung"lrisakti. Block A
DOC. NO. PCI-API-NDT-002
- lt)- Sei Parius. Batam, Indoncsia
Tclp: -62-778-152924. Enrail: admirrindi 4 curcchsrouo.conr
REV. NO 00

u EC RADIOGRAPIIIC EXAMINATION DATE l6 August, 2015

PAGE 22 oI77

RADIOGRAPHIC TEST REPORT

.......of......
Project No Drawing No . Rev Report No . RT-.
Customer Procedure No. Rev
Unit no. Applicable CODE NCR Ref No
PART RADIATION SOURCE EXPOSURE TECHNIQUE SKETCH

Name lsotope lr-192 tr X-Ray tr !Panoramic / SWSV ESWSV

ft,r: -+-' i)
ID/OD Activity ........ Ci Volt : ........ Amp.
{ I l.l
Mat'l Type
Source /
mm \J/u' tr :=*'u+-
spot Size
Mat'l.Thk. ln D mmE TECHNIQUE ESWSV f]DWSV
il
Reinforc. Thk. ln D mmE Exposure : Single Wall D Double Wall D .,J.c}.l:f.
'
! t";l:t
Weld Thk. ln E mmE Viewing : Single Wall D Double Wall E ,._-,c-[__j

Backing Ring YesD NoD ExposureTime :......................... Mnt CDWSV EDWDV

!

FILM Min.SOD* :......... Mm Min.DSSOF* :........mm

/l:I
U/tn- 1i
Manufacture's No.of Film in Holder : SingleE MultipleD l:--- L

|MAGE QUALTTY INDICATOR ( tQt ) EDWDV Eotner

Type of Film
WireD No. ..1c 2E 3o 4tr 5D 6fl
Hole E No. 1TEI 2TD 4TE
.dir., fr
\./dttl
r

Dimension ln Placement : Source Side D Film Side E

SCREEN Block Thickness :............ Mm
Notes for Sketch :
Lead : Frontn BackD MARKER PLACEMENT 1).SWSV = Single Wall Single Viewing
2).DWSV = Double Wall Singie Viewing
Source Side E Fitm Side E 3).DWDV = Double Wall Double Viewing
Thickness ln E mmE 4).Other = Other than listed ( Please Sketch )
Use back scatter yes D No D
Remark
Date Welder &
of RT Stamp ldentification Result Density .= Discontinuities Type Comment
o
tr
o
o

Joint No Locatior ACC REJ rQt Min Max IF IP RC RUC P lncl Crk ND

Examined bv : Reviewed bv : Reviewed bv : Reviewed bv :

Nde Level : Nde Level :

Date Date : Date Date

Note : ') SOD = Source to Object Distance, -) DSSOF = Distance from Source Side of Object to the Film at the minimum Source to Object Distance
F=lncompleteFusion, lP=lncomptetePenetration,RC=RootConcavity,RUC=RootUndercut,P=Porosity, lncl =lnclusion,Crfi=Crack,ND=noindication
 1' t' ( tIrECll INDONESIA
DOC. NO. PCI-API-NDI'-OO2
Konrplck Tanjung Trisakti. tslos[ .,\ - i{.). \ci Panas, Batam. tndtrnesia
1 rlp. +62-778-452924. Email: iiiinrinrndi
!r curechgrouo.conr
\\ \r \\ .cutech_group.com
REV. NO 00

RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION DATE 16 August,20l5

I AVUDUUIW - AI I III,''I rAGI! 23 of27

Table *Weld Thickness Versus Diameter of ASTM E 747 Wire Type tQl
Weld Thickness Essential Wire Diameter
Inches Millimeters Inches Millimeters AS'l N{ Set [-cttc-r
0 -
0.250 0-6.4 0.008 0.20 A
> 0.250 - 0.375 > 6.4 -9.5 0.010 0.25 AorB
> 0.375 > 9.5
- 0.500 - 12.7 0.013 0.33 B
> 0.500 - 0.750 > 12.7 - 19.l 0.0r6 0.4 t B
> 0.750 - t.000 > l9.l - 25.4 0.020 0.51 B
> 1.000-2.000 > 25.4 - 50.8 0.025 0.64 B

Table *Weld Thickness Versus Diameter of /SO Wire Type lQl

Weld Thickness Essential Wire Diameter
Inches Millimeters Inches Millimeters Wire ldentitv
0 -
0.250 0 -6.4 0.008 0.20 l3
> 0.250 - 0.375 > 6.4 -9.5 0.010 0.25 l2
> 0.375 - 0.500 > 9.5 - 12.7 0.0t 3 0.33 ll
> 0.500 - 0.750 > 12.7 - 19.1 0.016 0.41 It)
> 0.750 - 1.000 > t9.l -25.4 0.020 0.5 t 9
> 1.000 - 2.000 >25.4 - 50.8 0.025 0.64 8

I
I ,n.ornr*,e f,lxrg ar rrx,t
Note: One or both root faces may be inadequately filled at the inside surface.

Figure 13-lnadequate Penetration without High-low (lp)

tilrng ot n.J"]t
on mp ei{rg

Figure 14-lnadequate Penetration Due to High-low (lp)

_> t
Figure 15-lnadequate Cross Penetration (lCp)
I'I' CT]'IECH INDON LS I. \
DOC. NO. PCI-AI'I-NDT-OO2
-
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elp: +62-7 78452924. F.nrai adrn in rndi,'Licutechgrouo.com
REV. NO 00

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I I\\-,\-frt (JI\_rr
- ttl I lllr.' T'AGE 24 of 27

Bond is absent:
impeffsction
is surface-connecbd.

Figure lFlncomplete Fusion at Root of Bead or Top of Joint (lF)

GrlrJ lrrp t *tere+n Cald lap b€t,^'*nn

trIr*nr t'*e1s reld teo,l arrj par$l fiHtlsrial
Note: The cold lap shown is not surface-connected.

Figure 17-lncomplete Fusion Due to Cold Lap (lFD)

{-

\
Hr*t b*ad is trt$+d to tffr surl.rcss.
h$l cadfi o{ nol pas* lr Sr.lhIy b+liw
th+ r+rs's lr|gile silrloc€.

Figure 18-lnternal Concavity (lC)

 PT CT,ITLC}I INtX)NFSI,\
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RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION DATE l6 August,2015

I I\V\-I)[ru-[\-f/ - tf,I I IlU.l PAGU 25 of 27

Assott€d
a a
a a a,a
I t a a

Lar,-te

t a a
a
a a
a a aa

Medium

Fine

Aligned (threa or mor*1

o o a-4f

-!
aaa O a a+zT-O a a

'<- I f --+.

<1 r>
Figure 1f-Maximum Distribution of Gas Pockets:WallThicknesses Less Than or Equalto 0.500 in. (12.7
mm)
 PTCUTECIi l'i I )(llri l: S !:\
Komplek'Ian jir:rg Irrsaktl. Block A
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RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION DATE l6 August,2015

___ rKULI,[,UI(I'-ATI IIU4 PAGE 26 of27

As$:{ted
a a a
a I a a
a a a
a a
a a a
a a

LarB;

a a
a o

Mediunr
a a
a aa a
a a a
a t a
a a
a a a a a
a a a a a
a a

Fine

Aimed [f1793,;,1 pr;,1q i

1T o

aaa 2T aa

aaaa 2T a a a

lf -'--;
-
Figure 2fMaximum Distribution of Gas Pockets: Wall Tlricknesses Greater Than 0.500 in. (12.7 mm)
 Pl'L L[i L:('i1 l\DONESIA
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-
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RADIOGRAPIIIC EXAMINATION DATE 16 August, 2015

=-- TKUUIII,UKI'_ATI IIUq PAGE 27 of27

DENSITO METER CALIBRATION RECORD

lnstrument type

lnstrument Range

Seria! No.

Calibration Date

Calibration lnterval

Calibration Due

Acceptable Tolerance

Calibration Standard

Standard Serial No.

Procedure No. Rev. No.

Steo no. Standard Readino Actual Readino Deviation

Result Signature
Calibrated by
NDE - Level
Calibration Date