seq.

Question Option1 Option2 Option3 Option4 Explain

We're going to be late for the

1 ECL. We HAVE TO hurry. must might can should modals HAVE TO = MUST

That bread _____ stale. Don't current state or condition mass

2 try to eat it. am are is were noun THE BREAD IS….

Yesterday, I _____ tardy for

class because my car wouldn't yesterday = past tense
3 start. was were will be am Yesterday I WAS….

He had to go to the hospital understan

4 because he had an _____. original accident ding idea Only "accident" makes sense here.

I want to I need to
I need to go to the bank my tooth my car cash a cook Bank should involve MONEY.
5 because…. aches needs gas check. lunch. CASH a CHECK for the MONEY.

That bird looks very UNUSUAL. unusual = strange = not ordinary =

6 Yes, it looks _____. common strange ordinary nice not common

The tallest student in the class simple subject = student The

7 _____ Lt. Jones. are were is am student is….

We could hear the FAINT sound (adjective) faint = very soft

of a child's voice calling for (verb) faint = pass out = black out =
8 help. loud soft constant terrifying lose consciousness

The plane LEFT the airport at takes two-word verb LEAVE = TAKE
9 0900. take over took on took off across OFF past tense = IT TOOK OFF

For breakfast this morning, I

10 _____ five boiled eggs. eat was eat eating ate past tense I ATE

right now = present progressive

Right now, the children ______ are PLURAL THE children ARE
11 baseball in the park. are play plays playing playing PLAYING.

The police _____ here to arrest police = PLURAL THEY ARE

12 you for having a low ECL. is am are was here.

last week = past tense ireegular

My mother _____ a used Ferrari verb BUY BOUGHT BOUGHT
13 last week. buy bayed buying bought Last week SHE BOUGHT something.

14 I was born _____ August. at on of in A month by itself takes IN.

The students WERE REQUIRED were = past tense. The only choice
TO take another ECL test. in the past is HAD TO. They HAD
15 They ______ do it. had to has to have to having to TO DO something.

It _____ twenty minutes to drive third perwson singular present

16 from here to the airport. takes taking was taken take tense IT TAKES….

Dust is a mass noun. THE DUST

A lot of dust _____ through the does
IS…. Only the progressive is
17 open window! Close it! come is come is coming coming
possible here. The dust is DOING
 something.

What comes exactly 12 hours midnight = 12:00 at night Twelve

18 after midnight? morning noon evening sunrise hours later is 12:00 noon.

The last test was not easy. In

19 fact, it was extremely _____. difficult short painless cheap not easy = difficult = hard

robber = thief= someone who steals

20 He is a ROBBER. thief teacher soldier banker = bandit

21 This handout is not short. It is hard. It is easy. It is long. It is brief. not short = long

How did she hurt herself? She

_____ down when the bus FALL FELL FALLEN (simple
22 made an abrupt stop. feel fall felt fell past = FALL)

When snow starts cascading an

down the side of a mountain, an earthqua avalanche = snow falling rapidly
23 we call it _____. a flood avalanche a stream ke down the side of a mountain

How did you get from your method of transportation BY plane

24 country to San Antonio? in plane on plane by plane of plane BY ship BY car BY taxi

The most common color for

25 snow is _____. black red green white Snow is white. (We hope)

What is the opposite of unhappy = not happy = sad =

26 unhappy? miserable sad angry happy depressed = about to cry?

Last night = past tense. Irregular

Last night, I _____ for nine is verb SLEEP SLEPT SLEPT
27 hours. sleep sleeping slept is sleep Last night, I SLEPT….

POLICE = plural The police are. If

you want a singular, you can say:
The police _____ coming to the policeman is The
investigate the robbery in just a policewoman is…. The police
28 few minutes. is were was are officer is…..

Humans _____ oxygen to science or nature present tense

29 survive. needs needing are need need HUMANS (THEY) need something.

Joe bought a new car in pronoun reference He bought

Houston. He paid cash for IT. a car. He paid for IT. IT refers to
30 The word "IT" refers to ____. Joe car cash he the car.

No matter where you live, you "Access" is a noun. Modify it with

need _____ access to a an adjective. What kind of access?
31 hospital. quickly quick quickness quickest QUICK access.

The teacher _____ all day yesterday = past tense third

yesterday preparing new person singular THE TEACHER
32 handouts for you. work worked works working WORKED….

33 The wind is _____ very hard. running passing blowing doing The wind BLOWS.
 If you leave ice cream out in the When frozen stuff starts to warm up,
34 sun, it will _____. melt freeze sneeze pelt it MELTS (THAWS).

possessive adjectives. It's my

It's mine It's me It's my book. Or It's mine. (possessive
35 Whose book is that? It's my. book. book. book. pronoun)

The Empire State Building is Something is IN a city IN a country

36 located _____ New York City. in on at to IN a town

If I finish my homework early,I should IF clause FUTURE might =

37 _____ to the gym and work out. will going might go are go to go possibility (WILL = future certainty)

The price of cars and boasts The simple subject is "price." THE
38 _____ very high right now. is are am were PRICE IS….

correct formation of questions

action verb (mean) present tense
simple subject. This word means
something. WHAT DOES THIS
39 What _____ this word mean? are is does do WORD MEAN?

Last Night = past tense. Only

I was unable to go to the movie I can't answer B is in the past. If I was
40 with my friends last night. I will go. I didn't go. I won't go. go. unable to go, then I didn't go.

hungry for food thirsty for

41 I am very hungry. I need _____. rest water food money water

We cannot wade across the ankle- wade = to walk, usually with the
42 river because it is_____. deep shallow narrow deep water not higher than your knees.

What is the normal color of

43 most grass in the summer? black green red white grass = vegetation, usually green

It was EXTREMELY cold last

44 night. very not a little bit not very extremely = very= awfully = terribly

I made a SERIOUS ERROR on great big small minor error = mistake = wrong answer
45 the math test. score mistake correction problem serious = big = major

the car the food Of these four answers, the only

Why is the baby crying? he is today is won't was thing to explain a baby's crying
46 Because _____. hungry. Saturday. start. good. would be the HUNGER.

47 It was QUITE hot yesterday. very not a little bit not very quite = very= extremely = really

It is It is It is
48 The river is not wide. It is deep. shallow. narrow. frozen. Opposite of wide is NARROW.

Water freezes and becomes ICE.

If the water is frozen, it is (Steam and boiling are associated
49 _____. ice hot steam boiling with HOT liquids.)

My father died _____ April 17,

50 1989. at on in of specific date Use ON.

51 I _____ late for class yesterday. am were are was yesterday = past tense I WAS….
 There was a chemical spill in
the TAIL of the jet. The spill tail = rea = aft = back part = (ship)
52 was in the _____. rear nose wing cockpit stern

Yesterday, the news about the yesterday = past tense THE

earthquakes in Iran and Mexico NEWS = singular THE NEWS
53 _____ bad. are is was be WAS BAD.

Today's class was _____ than

54 yesterday's. funner as fun more fun funnest comparison more fun than

55 The cake is TASTY. It is _____. delicious awful terrible very bad tasty = tastes good = delicious

more more comparison one-syllable

bigger biggest bigger adjective ONE THING IS -er
56 Brazil is _____ Peru. than than big than than THAN ANOTHER.

The next book quiz will be

57 _____ Wednesday. at on in of Day by itself takes ON.

Several soldiers _____ being plural subject future (next week)

reassigned to this unit next PROGRESSIVE PASSIVE THEY
58 week. was are am were ARE BEING REASSIGNED….

My brother and sister _____

59 older than I am. are am was is plural subject THEY ARE….

"want" is followed by an infinitive.

The student WANTS TO LOOK AT
page 4-19 of Book 34 for a good list
of verbs followed by infinitives
60 I want _____ to a movie tonight. go to go going for going versus verbs followed by gerunds.

A dog usually likes to chase

cats, and a cat usually likes to Cats would chase mice, not the
61 chase _____. trucks horses buildings mice other 3 objects.

What will you _____ tomorrow modal Put simple form after a
62 night? doing do done to do modal. You will DO what?

What is the SUBJECT of her subject = topic = what you are

63 speech? length purpose topic source talking about

When you are finished with instructions or orders in the

your conversation, _____ the hanging hanged imperative (You) hang up the
64 phone. hang up hung up up up phone.

Is this CD player very Opposite of expensive = cheap

65 expensive? No, it is _____. cheap nice costly priceless costly = expensive

seasons of the year FALL =

My favorite season of the year AUTUMN (Sepptember, October,
66 is AUTUMN. winter spring summer fall November in the U.S.)

he wants the car the food

Why is Joe looking under the he is entertain won't was hood = the part of the car that you
67 hood? Because _____. hungry. ment. start. good. lift up to look at the engine.
 vapor = steam Choices A, B, and D
If the water is vaporized, we all involve COLD. Only C involves
68 can call it _____. ice frozen steam cold HEAT.

If I ______ you, I would be more IF clause. Unreal present.

69 careful with my answers. was am have been were Subjunctive. If I were you….

70 The train will arrive _____ 0955. on in to at specific exact time

I have a My shin
I need to go to the dentist my tooth my elbow pain in my is very dentist = person who works on the
71 because aches. hurts ankle sore. TEETH.

was has been

America ________ by discovere discovere discover
72 Columbus in 1492. discover d d ed passive voice

combined amount of time. Use

I have been AT DLI ________ "for" in these kinds of present
73 six months. since during at for perfect sentences.

DRAPES = CURTAINS window

coverings made of cloth (fabric)
NOTE: Rugs and carpets are
What color are the DRAPES in basically the same, so answers A
74 your room? rugs walls carpets curtains and C cancel each other out.

The boss is very ANGRY. She handsom intelligen ANGRY = upset, not happy, not
75 is _______. upset happy e t pleased

If I _____ ECL-qualified, I would IF clause UNREAL present If I

76 not have to do these exercises. was were am has been WERE….

If you check your dictionary, you'll

find that these are all engineering
Dikes, dams, and levees are all temperatu structures constructed to hold back
77 intended to control _____. speed re prices water large amounts of water.

After certain VERBS of URGENCY, a

"that" clause takes a subjunctive
(simple) form. The airline agent
The policeman ordered that Joe insisted that Steve CHECK IN at the
_____ out of the car with his have to counter two hours prior to
78 hands up. gets got get get departure.

simple form of a verb after a MODAL

WILL BE MIGHT BE
79 The next ECL will _____ easy. being be being be to be SHOULD BE

tag question If you have

You are not very happy don't negative in the main clause, put
80 today,________? are you aren't you do you you affirmative in the tag.

It is not It is not It is not

81 This car is very expensive. old. costly. cheap. It is fast. expensive = not cheap = costly
 In a "neither--nor" structure, the
Neither the animals nor their verb agrees with the subject part
82 keeper _____ killed in the fire. were are have been was closer to it. "Keeper was"

We have to take another test on

Friday. We ______ take
83 another test. might should must can modals HAVE TO = MUST

You OUGHT TO see the movie

"Saving Private Ryan" as soon
as possible. You ______ see modals ought to = should
84 that movie. must have to will should (recommendation…advice)

The homework _____ easy last

85 night was is are am past tense (last night)

He stabbed his victim with a You would STAB with a knife, not
86 _____. rope knife gun table with the other 3 objects.

I see one empty desk. Who subject verb agreement One

87 _____ absent today? be is am is being person IS absent. Who IS it?

A person who is broke does

88 not have any _____. health time needs money idiom to be BROKE = no money

The student next to me tried to

copy from my paper. He was To copy someone else's answer is
89 trying to _____. cheat cheer chime chore CHEATING.

more comparative forms GOOD

American English is _____ gooder more better good BETTER BEST One thing is
90 British English. than better than than better than another.

tag question Joe said…didn't he?

Joe said that we have to be at Affirmative in the main clause needs
91 Lab 3 before 0800, _____? hasn't we didn't he did he hasn't he negative in the tag.

Be careful! You are _____ fixed expression to be IN danger.

92 danger if you don't leave now. in of for to Opposite: out of danger

When will Lt. Smith be able to

93 retire _____ the Army? of with by from You RETIRE FROM a job.

I was a little late for my ON time means not late. If you are
appointment, but I still got late but you still get to do something
there _____ time for the doctor because they waited for you, you get
94 to see me. on at in with there IN time for something.

I am sick _____ all the political fixed expression to be sick OF

95 ads on tv. by with for of something

Cats like to sleep all day and

prowl the neighborhoods _____ in the morning in the afternoon
96 night. in during at on in the evening BUT at night

I would never run _____ fixed expression to run for an

97 political office. of to with for office or position
 We might be able to travel
quickly to the moon _____ the a period of time IN the past In
98 future. of in to on the future

I want you to accompany us.

99 Come _____ with us. over above along through phrasal verb come along with

He is serving as a cabinet
100 member _____ present. in at on during at present or at the present time

fixed expression AT once,

Report to the Colonel _____ meaning without delay, without
101 once! at on in to hesitation

All of these prepositions

questions were written _____
102 Mr. Williams. to at of by passive voice

He blamed me _____ the You BLAME someone FOR doing

103 accident. to of with for something wrong.

We play ON a name, because our

names can be written ON the team
Lt. Jones wants to play _____ roster, ON the paper that lists our
104 the basketball team. in to on at names.

We will participate _____ the

105 parade next week. on in at to You participate IN an activity.

Musicians have to spend most fixed expression Traveling ON the

106 of their time _____ the road. on in of for road by bus or car or van.

My leg still hurts. I can't walk He walks WITH the aid of a cane.
107 anywhere _____ a cane. for to without through Opposite is WITHOUT.

ABOARD means to be on a large

There are only 9 people _____ vehicle like a plane, bus, train, ship,
108 the bus right now. along among aboard across space shuttle

Turn right _____ the next place TURN AT the sign

109 intersection. on at to for TURN AT the traffic light.

110 He told some jokes _____ me. at with to in You TELL something TO someone.

You can't go swimming in the

111 river _____ the winter. to from of in IN one of the four seasons

You must stay today _____ STAY UNTIL a certain time is

112 3:30. until since before during reached.

What is the job _____ a drill association noun OF noun

113 sergeant? to with by of The role OF a leader

in ink in pencil If you want to use

Please write the rough draft of "with," you have to say "with A
114 your essay _____ pencil. with in to for pencil."

115 with to by at
He hit me _____ his dictionary, The tool or weapon is given. He
 and it was the first time he had shot me WITH a rifle.
ever used it for anything.

fixed expression You BELIEVE IN

116 Do you believe _____ ghosts? at in of to something.

We will have another test _____

117 Friday. on at in with day of the week by itself

Scissors are used _____ for -ing Something is used to cut

118 cutting paper. for at to with Used (in order) to do something

Don't brag _____ your fixed expression You BRAG

accomplishments. Let other ABOUT something. But you can
119 people do that. to since with about BOAST OF or BOAST ABOUT it.

fixed expression DISAPPOINTED

120 I am disappointed _____ you! in of to for IN but PROUD OF

preposition of manner You do

something WITH a certain attitude
WITH GUSTO WITH
RELUCTANCE WITH
121 I will do it _____ pleasure. to since with at ENTHUSIASM

The robber snuck up _____ me If he sneaks up and touches your

122 and held a gun to my back. with behind above from back, he has to be BEHIND you.

My wife is _____ work right It's a place, so you can be AT the

123 now. at in to on place. AT school AT home

noun OF noun structure the

Who do you think you are---The King OF Fools the Governor of
124 Queen _____ England? to for at of Texas

There was a fire _____ the inside a specific building IN

125 library yesterday. of in to for the dorms IN the Amigo Inn

fixed expression. Ashamed of.

126 I am ashamed _____ myself. of to by for Opposite is proud of.

The train travels _____ the A tunnel is like a long tube, so

127 tunnel at 90 miles per hour. with across through for something travels THROUGH it.

There was a body lying _____ area IN the middle of the room
128 the middle of the road. on at to in IN the middle of the hall

made of made from made with

made out of If you want to use
This cake is made _____ eggs, "made by," it's passive: made by a
butter, milk, chocolate and person…made by using ingredients
129 nuts. of by in to or utensils.

The children are playing _____ It's a place with a perimeter or

130 the backyard. at with in to border.

131 in to for on
I can't eat anything fried _____ You can cook things IN or WITH
 butter. butter, oil, margarine….

This sketch of my mother was FROM memory also - BY

132 made completely ____ memory. from to of in MEMORY

I went to Houston _____ the for a period of time…for two

133 weekend. by to for with days…for 48 hours

We do things either with or without

hesitation. The paratroopers are not
The paratroopers jumped out of afraid, so they do it WITHOUT
134 the plane _____ hesitation. for by without under hesitation.

When I neared home, I could

see that my neighbor's house
135 was _____ fire. in on to at fixed expression ON fire

There is no one _____ the It's a place. IN the world INI the
136 world who can help you now. in to of with universe IN the solar system

Hurry up! We will wait _____ You WAIT FOR someone or

137 you here. from for of to something.

138 The test will start _____ 0745. in at on since Exact times take AT.

There were five passengers

_____ the car when it got hit by
139 the train. to of onto in We are IN a car.

He was born _____ New York

140 City. of in to with IN a city.

141 He was born ______ 1982. at since in to A year by itself takes IN.

When you give the starting point for

measuring time, we use SINCE,
Mr. Jones has been my teacher especially with PRESENT PERFECT
142 _____ Oct 24. during for at since VERBS.

Please listen carefully _____

143 the instructions. to at on with We LISTEN TO something.

The river runs _____ the old The water will pass UNDER the
144 bridge. in over above under bridge under normal conditions.

The dog jumped _____ the bed

145 with his muddy paws. under on of with You can JUMP ON a higher surface.

Thanksgiving is always
146 celebrated _____ November. at in on since A month by itself takes IN.

The pictures are touching the

My son drew pictures _____ the surface of the wall, so they are ON
147 wall of his bedroom. on in at to the wall.

He is staying _____ the Hilton

148 Hotel. on to at of You stay AT a place.
 You hear FROM people when you
I have not heard _____ from get any kind of letter, phone call, e-
149 family lately. to from over with mail….

You GO TO a school. BUT: You

He wants to go _____ school in ATTEND (no preposition) a college
150 London. to at with by or university or school.

ON BOARD is a phrase meaning

All of the passengers are ____ inside a larger vehicle like a plane,
151 board the plane now. in at with on train, bus, ship.

The teacher divided the candy Remember: BETWEEN is for TWO

______ all the students of the things. AMONG is for more than
152 class. between with to among TWO.

Since this is a reference to ONE

SPECIFIC DAY, it requires the
preposition ON. This is a poetic-
It was ____ a cool evening in sounding way of identifying one
153 late June that I first met him. on in at with specific day.

"Sub" is a prefix meaning "under,"

A submarine is designed to so it follows that a submarine can
function _____ the water for function UNDER the surface of the
154 long periods of time. under above during between water.

From one side to the other involves

That window is so dirty that I THROUGH. SEE THROUGH the fog.
155 can't see _____ it. through over to for SEE THROUGH the dirty windshield.

Lt. Tdwazjkskwxz comes _____

a small country called
156 Dramamania. at around from for You COME FROM a certain place.

This turns out to be a TIME question,

so it is AFTER class, as opposed to
I always take a short nap _____ a PLACE preposition, "I take a nap
157 class. with after on to IN class."

When you have the total amount of

I have been here at DLI _____ 8 time given, use FOR in these
158 weeks. since for with during PRESENT PERFECT structures.

We use WITH to indicate what

He was shot twice in the back method, tool, or instrument was
159 _____ a Colt .45. with at in for used.

Water is composed _____

160 hydrogen and oxygen. by for in of fixed expression COMPOSED OF

fixed expression to be IN LOVE

I think Lt. Arroyo is ______ love opposite: to fall OUT OF LOVE with
161 again. of in at from someone
 You can GET INTO certain things:
He got ______ an argument into trouble into an argument
162 with his neighbor. into of at on get into debt

A common pattern is NOUN +

PREPOSITION + NOUN for indicating
things and the way they are
measured or counted. A pack OF
I want another cup _____ cigarettes a bottle OF wine a
163 coffee. in to from of deck OF cards a glass OF milk

Present perfect tense. When you

I have been here at DLI _____ have only the starting point for your
164 October of last year. since for at in measurement, use SINCE.

When you give the total amount of

I have not seen a movie ____ time, you use FOR, especially in
165 five or six months. since before at for PRESENT PERFECT sentences.

I like my coffee _____ milk and One thing combined WITH another
166 sugar. of to for with thing or WITH other things.

He was born _____ New York Cities take the preposition "in." I
167 City. at of in to went to school IN PARIS.

When you have an exact time for

something, you use "AT." The
168 Class starts _____ 0730. in to of at movie ended AT *:45.

My parents live _____ 253 Oak If you have the NUMBER and the
169 Street. on in at to street name, it takes AT.

I graduated from college _____

170 1994. in on of to The year by itself takes IN.

This exercise was written _____ Passive voice. The action is done
171 Mr. Williams. to of at by BY someone.

ON a farm. On base. On a
172 My uncle lives _____ a farm. to for on in reservation.

I would like to live ______ the

country miles from the nearest IN the country In the city In a
173 town. at in to on town

We will have another ECL

174 ______ Tuesday. in of for on A day by itself gets ON.

The students are waiting _____

175 the classroom. on with from in A room takes IN.

Specific exact time. At noon. At

176 We will leave _____ noon. to at since on 12:00.

Americans celebrate Memorial

177 Day _____ May. at on to in A month by itself takes IN.
 I am not talking _____ you! I'm
178 talking _____ Lt. Smith. of to on through You talk TO a person.

Is your ID card _____ your It would be IN or INSIDE a wallet. In

179 wallet? at on in to a drawer. In a closet. In a box.

180 I went there _____ 1996. in at of with A year by itself takes IN.

Lt. Smith passed out dead

drunk _____ the sidewalk near
181 his car. in over on to ON the sidewalk. IN the street.

IN the street It's a place with

The children are playing _____ marked borders. An area with
182 the street again. in on up through defined limits.

183 Class will start ______ 0730. on in to at specific time

I always take my big vacation

184 _____ the summer. at with to during IN a season of the year

My car is parked ______ the red We use "between" when we are

185 Toyota and the white Cadillac. under between on around taking about TWO specific things.

When you have a specific day

186 He will graduate _____ July 23. in during of on indicated by NUMBER, you use ON.

The Sears Tower is the tallest In the world In space In your

187 building _____ Chicago. to in by at imagination In the universe

Don't laugh _____ other

188 people's mistakes. at on to for We laugh AT things and people.

A cheetah is different _____ a One thing is different FROM another

189 lion. than from to of thing.

I didn't understand what he

190 said _____ me. of to at with We say something TO a person.

I am tired _____ studying

191 prepositions. for of with to We say we are TIRED OF something.

In spite _____ the rain, we

192 practiced for the parade. to with for of prepositional phrase IN SPITE OF

Please don't talk ______

193 someone else's speech. during since with at We TALK DURING an event.

I will meet you in Lab 4 _____

194 exactly 0736. in for at about Exact times need AT

I went ____ Egypt for a two-

195 week vacation. at for of to You go TO a place.

My brother is _____ debt. He

owes thousands of dollars to
196 some loan sharks. at in of to IN debt opposite OUT OF debt

I don't like to sit _____ Lt.
197 Smith.
SIT BY someone. You can sit
BESIDE someone, but the word
BESIDES (with the "s" on the end)
does not mean NEXT TO. It means
IN ADDITION TO: Besides German
besides by to at and French, she can speak English.

You are IN BED when you have at

198 He stayed _____ bed all day.
least one of the covers OVER you (a
sheet, a blanket, a quilt). You are
ON the bed when you are lying on
the surface with no covering over
on in at along you.

I lived in California _____ 13

199 months. since with for by Total amount of time is given. FOR

We need to dispense _____ fixed expression You

200 these exercises for now. with to of for DISPOENSE WITH something.

When will you retire _____ the

201 military? with from at by We retire FROM a job.

fixed expression AGAINST THE

LAW = illegal WITHIN THE LAW
202 What you did is _____ the law. over for against along = legal

You VOTE FOR or you VOTE

203 I will not vote _____ him. to for of at AGAINST something or somebody.

You can always rely ____ Lt. two-word verb RELY ON =

204 Smith to help you. on with for to DEPEND ON

I want to ask you some

205 questions _____ your family. of to during about You can ASK ABOUT a subject.

The teachers always gives too

206 much homework _____ us. at with for to You GIVE something TO somebody.

Fixed expression to be
My neighbor was convicted CONVICTED OF First, he was
207 _____ car theft. of by with to CHARGED WITH the crime.

I have been in the Army ______ Present perfect. Only the starting
208 1993. during for since to point is given. USE SINCE.

Preposition of direction. You

Don't stare _____ strangers. STARE AT POINT AT LOOK AT
209 It's not polite. of at to about A rhinoceros can CHARGE AT you.

The President lives _____ 1600 The number is given along with the
210 Pennsylvania Avenue. on in to at street name. Use AT.

Parts of the day take IN. IN the

My mother likes to take long
morning IN the evening IN
211 walks _____ the evening. of since in with
the afternoon BUT: AT NIGHT or
 DURING THE NIGHT

You should not walk alone in

212 this neighborhood _____ night. at during from since IN the evening but AT night

That shelf is too high. You

need to stand _____ a chair to You stand ON something for added
213 reach it. at under off on height.

Sign your name _____ block 21 The block has a perimeter, so you
214 at the bottom of this page. on in for to put your signature IN the block.

Take these pills _____ a glass

215 of warm milk. at for to with Two items together.

My father always takes a long part of the day IN the morning

216 nap _____ the afternoon. in at of with IN the afternoon IN the evening

Don't sit with your elbows touching the surface only ON

217 _____ the table. for in on with the table

The Titanic is lying two-and-a-

half miles _____ the surface of BENEATH = UNDER = BELOW =
218 the water. above in with beneath UNDERNEATH

I want to talk to you _____ a amount of time is given Use

219 few minutes. for with during since FOR

He blamed the accident _____ You BLAME something ON

220 me. on to for of someone.

the medium, not the tool Write in

We have to photocopy this pencil. Write in crayon. Don't
contract, so write your name write in blood. BUT: write WITH a
221 _____ black ink, not blue. in of to by pen Sign WITH a pencil.

We will provide him _____ a

new dictionary if he has lost his You PROVOIDE someone WITH
222 old one. to of with for something.

The only one that conveys the idea

223 The cat is hiding _____ the bed. above with to under of HIDING is UNDER.

What is the reason _____ his We would have a REASON FOR

224 failure? for to with by something.

A number can be BELOW or UNDER

another number. He can't buy
They will not qualify him alcohol; he's still UNDER 21. I
because his ECL is still _____ wish I could keep my weight BELOW
225 80. to behind with under 165.

TRICK QUESTION? The name of

the street is Fifth Avenue. The
Some of the best stores in New
actual number of an address is NOT
York City are located _____
given here. The best store is
226 Fifth Avenue. at on to besides
located AT 645 Fifth Avenue. The
 stores are on Fifth Avenue.

He is currently enrolled _____ a

227 two-year college. in to for with You enroll IN a school.

We will talk to you _____ the When you talk about a specific
228 supervisor's office. in to for with room, you use IN.

Abraham Lincoln was

assassinated _____ John passive voice! An action IS DONE
229 Wilkes Booth in 1865. by of to for BY someone.

Last night, I slept _____ 9

230 hours. at during to for total amount of time

I think he has a knife _____ his IN a pocket IN a purse IN a

231 pocket. in to of for drawer

You BORROW FROM someone.

You can LOAN TO. You can LEND
232 May I borrow $300 ____ you? of to by from to.

This umbrella will not protect

233 you _____ heavy rain. of with to from We PROTECT FROM

Two things linked together

coffee WITH cream salad
WITH dressing ice cream WITH
234 I ordered chicken _____ rice. of with for to chocolate sauce

noun OF noun structure…for

association Queen OF England
She is the supervisor _____ chief OF trainees leader OF
235 Unit 6. of with around across Delta Company

fixed expression You are GOOD

AT something or BAD AT
236 I am very good _____ tennis. of at to for something.

fixed expression to be AFRIAD

237 I am not afraid _____ snakes. of to by with OF something

I always brush my teeth _____ time element BEFORE or

238 going to bed. at during before under AFTER doing something

239 His party will be _____ Sunday. of to for on Day of the week by itself

You FALL DOWN. You CLIMB UP

240 I fell _____ the stairs. of down to for something.

I went _____ high school in You GO TO school. GO TO WORK

241 Ponce. of to by with GO TO just about any place.

Their new business will be Name of the street by itself. No

242 located _____ Lincoln Street. at in on for address number given.
 WITH indicates the weapon used.
He stabbed me _____ a dirty Cut the bread WITH that clean knife,
243 kitchen knife. at for by with not WITH that dirty one.

We say ON BASE versus OFF BASE.

Another example would be ON a
Do you live _____ base in the reservation versus OFF a
244 dorms? on at in to reservation.

The policeman showed his

245 badge _____ me. to at by in You show something TO someone.

IN or INSIDE certain objects like

There was nothing _____ the envelopes, pockets, purses, wallets,
246 envelope when I opened it. inside of to about drawers, boxes….

Children should walk _____ the

247 sidewalks. in at above on ON the sidewalk

Children should not walk _____

248 the streets. at during in for IN the street

Let's sit _____ the shade of that IN the shade IN direct sunlight
249 big tree over there. at with to in IN a specific area

They honeymooned _____ Cities take IN. So do countries,

250 Paris. in at of for counties, towns….

I live _____ the third floor of the Something is ON a certain floor of a

251 dorm, the smoking floor. in on to of building.

My father disapproves _____ fixed expression APPROVE OF

252 most of my friends. at with to of DISAPPROVE OF

You GO TO a place, so you can RIDE

May I ride _____ the airport TO a place. HITCHHIKE TO a place
253 with you? at in of to WALK or RUN TO a place

Something and the item of

measurement used for it. A cup
I want another glass _____ OF tea a slice OF bread a
254 milk. for to with of bouquet OF flowers

two-word verb KEEP (clothing)

Why do you always keep your ON opposite: TAKE (clothing)
255 coat _____? at on in over OFF

The contractors are going to

tear _____ the old road and
replace it with a modern 4-lane The road is lying flat ON the ground,
256 one. down up over off so you have to tear it UP.

I shudder _____ the thought of

giving a speech at the fixed expression You shudder AT
257 graduation dinner. to for at by something.

258 to in on with
His broken nose should not One thing can have an influence ON
 have a negative influence another thing.
_____ his ability to swim in the
final race.

When do you think scientists fixed expression a CURE FOR

259 will find a cure _____ cancer? to for with of something

noun OF noun structure a

He is an outspoken critic _____ champion OF human rights a
his country's economic defender OF freedom a critic
260 policies. at of to for OF reforms

agent under suspicion BY the

Why is he under investigation police under surveillance BY
261 ______ the FBI? by to of in the cops

_____ my opinion, we should fixed expression IN someone's

262 not have classes on Fridays. At In Of To opinion

He was a bad father, so the

social services agency took two-word verb TAKE AWAY =
263 _____ his children. off away up under remove

You serve IN an organization.

He has served _____ the Serve IN the Army serve IN the
264 government for twenty years. to on in at Peace Corps

Did you have the right to ask You ask something OF someone. I
265 that question _____ him? of through by in need to ask a favor OF you.

fixed expression You do

something ON purpose. =
266 I did it _____ purpose. in on at to deliberately

The contractors are going to

tear _____ the old abandoned The building is standing UP, so you
267 house. off up down over have to tear it DOWN.

IN time, not ON time. ON time

The paramedics arrived at the suggests there was an appointment.
crash site _____ time to save In time means they were not too late
268 dozens of victims. on in by at to do something.

If I tell you a secret, will you

promise to keep it _____ fixed expression to keep IN
269 strictest confidence? at of in to confidence

Lt. Smith got a 98 _____ his last You achieve a score or get a grade
270 test. on in of at ON a test.

He is sitting ON top of it. On a

He comes to school every day horse On a bike On a camel
271 _____ an old motorcycle. on by in at On a motorcycle

method of transportation BY
He comes to school every day
BIKE BY HORSE but -- ON a
272 _____ motorcycle. on by in at
bike on a horse (Look for the
 article "A" or "AN.")

treatment You do something

What should I do _____ a sore FOR a headache. Or ABOUT a
273 throat? for of by in COLD.

I found a great 3-bedroom

apartment, so I'm going to You either live ON base or OFF base.
274 move _____ base. away off toward aboard So you would move OFF base.

Who is serving _____ the CO of

275 that unit now? like with to as AS means "in the capacity of."

Neil Armstrong was the first touching the surface ON the

earthling to walk _____ the moon ON the floor On the
276 moon. in on to at ground

She gave a party _____ her You can give an activity FOR
class, all of whom enjoyed someone give a party FOR me
277 themselves. to of for at give a baby shower FOR my sister

Divide these cookies ______ all

278 twelve students in this class. between to around among AMONG for more than two

I am feeling down _____ the idiom IN the dumps, because it's

279 dumps today. by to in with a place

My unit will not be _____ the

280 parade tomorrow. on in to of You are IN a parade.

My country has been involved

_____ wars for most of this fixed expression You are
281 century. in to at of INVOLVED IN something.

The troops have been standing

______ parade rest for 20 stand AT ease AT attention AT
282 minutes. at in for to parade rest

means of transportation ON
He comes to class every foot BUT BY CAR BY
283 morning _____ foot. on in at with BICYCLE

I think I'll take a stab _____ idiom You take a stab AT doing
284 learning French next semester. to at on of something. = TRY to do something

What I am asking _____ you is You ASK something OF someone.

that you be quiet during other What I'm asking OF you is that you
285 people's speeches. by of at with do your homework.

IN a chair (with arms) ON a chair

My mother is the lady seated (without arms) ON a sofa
_____ the blue sofa in the (because it's wide and you might not
286 corner. in on to of be touching the arms of it).

I give up! You are _______ fixed expression BEYOND HOPE

287 redemption! around across beyond over BEYOND SALVATION
 She is not supposed to do any
heavy lifting because she is fixed expression WITH child
288 now "_____ child." with by of near means pregnant.

He found himself trapped

BETWIXT a rock and a hard an old-fashioned word betwixt=-
289 place. beneath behind between beyond between

Last night, we dined _____

290 lobster and shrimp. on at to in dine on = to eat formal

I did it ______ the spur of the You do something ON IMPULSE

291 moment. at to on with ON the spur of the moment

292 I did it _____ accident. by to at on You do something BY accident.

It is difficult ______ me to Something is DIFFICULT or EASY

293 speak in front of the class. to of at for FOR you.

I fell down when I was trying to phrasal verb to RUN AWAY FROM
294 run away _____ the pit bull. at for from in something

preposition of manner. HOW did he

do something? You can do
something BY doing something else.
He makes a living _____ He survived BY drinking melted
recycling old newspaper and snow for 4 days. He excelled by
295 magazines. to by for against writing a brilliant essay.

noun OF noun structure EXCESS

We have a certain lack _____ of STUDENTS opposite LACK of
296 discipline in this unit. for with of at STUDENTS

I was raised _____ the island of ON an island The island is IN the

297 Santa Catalina. in on of to water.

Here "ought not" in the main clause

We ought not to cheat on a
298 test, _____?
cannot become "ought we" in the
tag. You must substitute the closest
MODAL equivalent ("should").
However, if we had "ought" in the
main clause, we could put "oughtn't"
in the tag. We ought to go now,
ought we should we do we will we oughtn't we?

If you don't get a high score on FUTURE "IF" CLAUSE. The word
the next ECL, you _____ in will will have are "next" indicates this. Something
299 trouble. will be getting gotten getting WILL happen….

REPORTED SPEECH. Main verb

Last week, he promised me that "promised" is in the past, so the
he _____ attend yesterday's subsequent verb "will" must shift to
300 meeting. will was going did would past "would."

While I ______ for the bus, it was

First action can be PAST
301 started to rain. waiting wait was wait waiting
PROGRESSIVE. One thing WAS
 HAPPENING when another action
HAPPENED (simple past) to change
or alter things.

Certain adjectives of urgency

require the subjunctive (simple
It is mandatory that Lt. Smith form) in a direct object "THAT"
____ in Col. Jones's office at must to clause. The teacher ordered that
302 0730. be have to be be is Joe do extra homework.

The color red on the flag _____ symbolizi is symboliz Third person singular THE COLOR
303 blood. ng the symbolize symbolize es (IT) symbolizes PRESENT TENSE

While I was driving to work this Two actions happening

morning, I ____ to my new was had been simultaneously. Both can be in the
304 Celine Dion Cassette. listen was listen listening listening PAST PROGRESSIVE.

Nary a drop of rain fell at the was "Nary" is a negative word. Put
305 airport last night, _____? didn't it did it is there there affirmative in the tag.

"Sheep" can be singular or plural,

but the word "those" makes this
306 Those sheep _____ lost. is was has been are usage PLURAL. THEY ARE….

In a "neither…nor" structure, if the

Neither the boss nor the two elements are singular and
workers _____ working plural, make the verb agree with the
307 tomorrow. is has to be are have unit closer to it. The workers ARE

I am, aren't I? This is a strange

I am scheduled for another ECL structure, but that's the way it is.
308 next week, _____? aren't I amn't I will I won't I You could also say "I am, am I not?"

He didn't actually hit me, but he

_____ at me twice with a irregular verb SWING SWUNG
309 baseball bat. swing swang swung swinged SWUNG

TAG question. YOU HAVE done

something HAVEN'T YOU? If you
have a helping word in the main
You've lost your dictionary haven't won't clause, repeat the helping word in
310 again, ______? you have you don't you you the tag.

would
If I were you, I ______ call home have
311 tonight. will call would call called call PRESENT UNREAL "IF" CLAUSE.

Two actions in the past. The first

By the time the firemen arrived, had been are were will be action (in time) can be PAST
the flames ______ by the extinguis extinguish extinguis extinguis PERFECT. The subsequent action
312 homeowner. hed ing h hing can be simple past.

PASSIVE VOICE. The word "by"

usually indicates a passive
This exercise ______ by Mr. was has been structure. Active voice: Mr.
313 Williams. is wrote writes written wrote Williams wrote this exercise."

doesn't
314 He can sing well, _____? he
By the time I graduate, I ______ would
315 at least 12 ECL tests. take
The police _____ waiting for
316 you in the supervisor's office. is
The man _____ by the door is
317 my uncle. sit
You ought to go visit the
Alamo. You ______ go visit the
318 Alamo. should
319 I wish today _____ Saturday. is
My brother, but not his sons,
_____ coming to visit me next
320 week. are
Because he was driving while got
321 intoxicated, Joe _____. arrested was arrest arresting arrested HE GOT ROBBED.
If Napoleon _____ more troops,
he might not have lost at
322 Waterloo. had have were had
______, I would not have gone Had I
323 to that disco last night. been you Was I you be you
If you had been here yesterday, could
324 you _______ my wife. meet
We were just sitting down to
325 dinner when the phone _____. ring
TAG question. Affirmative "can" in
the main clause takes negative
"can't" in the tag. If you have a
modal or helping verb, repeat that
can he can't he does he modal or helping verb in the tag.
FUTURE PERFECT. I have not
would graduated yet. But by the time I do
will have have graduate, something else WILL
taken am taking taken HAVE already HAPPENED.
POLICE ARE It's plural. If you
want singular, say POLICEMAN,
was are has been POLICEWOMAN, POLICE OFFICER
This is a reduced clause. The man
sitted seats sitting (who is) sitting by the door….
"Ought to" is a modal that means
"SHOULD."
must have to would Advice…recommendation.
WISH clauses work like the "IF"
clauses. This is a present unreal
situation. I wish something WERE
another way. It is not, but I WISH IT
would be were was WERE.
The subject is "brother." Don't be
confused by the presence of "sons."
That phrase is set off with commas
and can be omitted. MY BROTHER
were has been is IS….
PASSIVE VOICE. Sometimes we use
"GET" instead of "BE" in our
passive structures. The first clause
is in the past progressive, so the
main clause should be simple past.
HE GOT…. (passive) HE GOT
was ARRESTED. HE GOT PROMOTED.
were IF clause. Past unreal. If he had
had had having had something….
Have I to If I was Reduced "if" clause. If I had been
you you…. Had I been you….
could "IF" clause. PAST UNREAL because
met will meet have met of "yesterday."
A past continuous action interrupted
was
by a simple past tense verb. One
ringing rings rang
thing was happening when
 something else happened.

______I to become a
supervisor, I would probably If I had A reduced "IF" clause. If I were to
326 not enjoy it. Were If I was been Was become…. Were I to become….

If Joe really _____ at the

meeting (and two people said This is a PAST REAL. It is possible
they talked to him), I didn't see he was at the meeting. This is not
327 him there. were has been had been was an UNREAL situation.

The fire alarm STARTED

RINGING right in the middle of went To "go off" means to sound,
328 my speech. The bell _____. went off went out went up down explode, ring….

This is a mixed structure "IF" clause.

If I had not eaten so much pizza
last night, I ________ so sick
329 right now.
The time words "last night" and
would "right now" control it, so that I
not have "would not be" a certain way right
would not been now if something HAD NOT
be will not be am not being HAPPENED last night.

The President can, it is widely The phrase "in no way" makes the
believed, in no way, resolve main clause negative, so the tag
330 this crisis soon, _______? can't he can he is it does he must be affirmative.

Irregular verb. FALL. Present

My mother ______ down the perfect tense. She has fallen
331 stairs three times this summer. has felt has felled has fallen have fall down….

Make the verb agree with the simple

subject "price," not with the object
The price of cars ____ have of the preposition "cars." THE
332 increasing. is are were been PRICE IS INCREASING.

When I was a child, I used to Here "used to" is followed by simple

333 _____ cats. torturing tortured be torture torture form.

"Would study" means this structure

is the PRESENT UNREAL among the
"IF" clauses. SUBJUNCTIVE!!!
Use "were" even when the subject is
I, HE, SHE, IT IF I WERE YOU….
If I _____ you, I would study have I am not you, so this is the PRESENT
334 more. was were am been UNREAL.

It is my understanding that the

subject the students in IDS
enjoy the most _____ "The subject" is the simple subject
335 preposition usage. are were is am of this sentence. IT IS….

to stop stopped stops stop the You GET somebody TO DO

336 I finally got the dog _____. barking barking barking bark something. (infinitive)

We were putting up our tents
337 when it _____.
Past progressive action interrupted
by a simple past tense. If "began"
is a primary verb, the secondary
form can be either an infinitive or a
began began to begun the begins gerund. IT BEGAN TO SNOW or IT
snow snow snow snowing BEGAN SNOWING.

I made the children ______ You MAKE someone DO something.

338 outside. play to play played playing (simple form)

This is a fixed structure. If need be.

IF the NEED should BE for
Someone might have to stay in something, and we reduce it to IF
339 the office until 1800 if _____. need be need needing needs NEED BE.

I had the secretary ______ the

letter five times before I was You have a person DO something
340 satisfied. retyping retypes retype retyped (simple form).

IF clause present unreal I

would do something. In this case,
would there is an extra modal (have to)
If I were the boss, I ______ you have to thrown in. I would have to do
341 extra work. will give had given give give something….

The bill ________ to you before will be will be

342 the end of the month. sent sending is sending sent future tense passive voice

You MAKE a phone call. Answer

four is not possible (even though
My children ______ too many you can GET a phone call), because
343 phone calls. do has make gets "gets" would re

committe
did a d the suicided committe This is a fixed expression: to commit
344 The captured soldier ______. suicide suicide himself d suicide suicide

"Species" is either singular or plural

depending on context, and since the
sentence starts out "A species," that
A species of rare fish ____ on will be means there is only one. A species
345 display at the Witte Museum. is are being are to be is….

A reduced "IF" clause. If it had not

____________ the barking Had been for the barking dogs…. We
dogs, we would not have been there no drop the "If" and reverse the subject
alerted about the fire in our If there If it would Had it not been and first auxiliary verb. HAD IT NOT
346 house. wasn't not be for been for none of BEEN FOR something….

By this time tomorrow, I ______ will have would

347 at DLI for 72 hours. been will be have been would be Future perfect tense

passive voice structure. His mother

He ________ in New York City
bore (carried) him inside her body.
348 in 1982. born is born borned was born
He was born (by his mother).
 Therefore, he WAS BORN.

will have
All of the furniture ______ by is were was been "Furniture" is a mass noun. Mass
349 the floodwaters. damage damage damaged damage nouns take singular verbs.

"KUDOS" is a mass noun (like the

word "news"). Just because it ends
Kudos _____ to anyone who in "s" does not make it a plural
can answer all of these count noun. The closest synonym
350 questions correctly. go goes going are go would be "praise."

Even though "dislikes" is negative in

MEANING, it does not make the
She likes fish, doesn't she? entire clause negative, so the clause
Yes, but she dislikes beef, doesn't is still considered affirmative, so the
351 _____? does she don't she won't she she tag has to be negative.

no start no yet not the Let's DO something. (simple form)

not start the class start the class yet This one is negative. Let's NOT DO
352 Let's _______. class yet yet class start something.

We can use the present tense to

353 The plane _____ at 0900.
indicate FUTURE, especially with
transportation. Third person
singular. Phrasal verb "take off"
taking means to leave or depart. The plane
take off takes off is take off off TAKES OFF

Two actions in the past. One was a

I _____ a shower when the had was will be PAST PROGRESSIVE, interrupted by
354 phone rang. taking was took taking taking the next one in the SIMPLE PAST.

General statement about nature.

PRESENT TENSE. PLURAL
355 Horses _____ grass. eat eats are eat eating SUBJECT. HORSES (THEY) EAT….

I have to give a speech

tomorrow. I ____ give a
356 speech. should must ought to might "HAVE TO" = "MUST." Modals

Third person plural PRESENT

Mr friends ______ in a different TENSE MY FRIENDS (THEY)
357 dorm. lives are live living live LIVE

"Right now" requires the PRESENT

TENSE when we discuss a condition
or state of something. Irregular
358 We _____ happy right now. are was am are been verb "be" WE ARE

After a MODAL, you use the SIMPLE

FORM of the verb. I WILL DO
359 Tomorrow, I will _____home. calling called call calls something tomorrow.

360 answer
At this moment, you _______ are have do the AT THIS MOMENT requires present
 questions. answering answer answer progressive. You ARE DOING
of something.

"Last night" requires the past tense.

I ______ my homework last Irregular verb "do" I DID
361 night. does do did done something

Current state or condition.

PRESENT TENSE. Third person
362 My left leg ______. hurts hurted were hurt is hurted singular. MY LEG (IT) HURTS

PRESENT TENSE. Third person

plural THE STUDENTS (THEY)
363 The students _____ homework. are liking like likes does like LIKE something

will is "Next week" requires FUTURE

364 Pvt. Jones _____ next week. graduate graduated graduate graduate TENSE. HE WILL GRADUATE

"Now" needs the PRESENT TENSE

here. First person singular. I
365 I _____ to go home now! wants wanting am want want WANT

Plural subject. Present tense.

366 These books _____ heavy. was is am are THESE BOOKS (THEY) ARE….\

"Last night" requires the PAST

We _____ a lot of songs at last were TENSE. Irregular verb "to sing"
367 night's party. sing was sing sang sung WE SANG

"Last night" requires PAST TENSE.

was Irregular verb "see" I SAW
368 I _____ a good movie last night. see will see saw seen something

A general truth about science,

nature, or geography is stated in the
Paris _____ the capital of PRESENT TENSE. Third person
369 France. is are is being were singular of the "be" verb. PARIS IS

"Last night" requires PAST TENSE.

Lt. Smith _____ his homework HE DID something. Irregular verb
370 last night. do has did did done "do"

Third person singular present

tense. HE WORKS there at this
371 My brother _____ in a bank. work working is work works time.

Time words "last week" require

PAST TENSE. IRREGULAR VERB
372 I _____ a new car last week. buy bought buyed was buy "to buy" I BOUGHT

Time words "right now" require

are PRESENT PERFECT. WE ARE
373 We ______ right now. studies are study studying studying DOING something.

Present tense. Plural subject.

374 Dogs ______ to chase cats. likes are liking like liking DOGS LIKE
 We _____ to my brother's have The time word "tomorrow" needs
375 house tomorrow. will go are go went gone FUTURE TENSE.

You see and hear people "do" or

"doing" something, but in this case
we can't put the verb "shoot" in the
"-ing" form because it was not a
I saw the old man fatally _____ continuous act; it was
376 himself once through the heart. shooting shot shoot shooted instantaneous.

Present tense. Plural subject.

377 Steve and Joe ______ students. is was are been are THEY ARE

"the number" = singular The

The number of students number of students from Puerto
378 Stancovia _____ decreasing. have is are were Rico IS increasing.

"a number" = plural A number of

A number of students _____ cars ARE parked illegally near that
379 waiting to see the supervisor. are is has been was fire hydrant.

John _____ to the store Past tense. Third person singular.

380 yesterday. goed going is go went HE WENT….

Were I he, I ___________ more would will have Reduced "if" clause. Present unreal.
381 at night. will study studies study studied If I were he = Were I he.

It _____ too hot to play soccer "Right now" with weather and time
382 right now. is am are were takes simple PRESENT TENSE. IT IS

There ______ a series of bad would "A series" is singular. There was a
accidents on Loop 410 have series…. There were several
383 yesterday. is was has been been series….

To have done something in the past

When I was a child, I _____ was used am used was but not now, we can use the modal
384 watch tv eight hours per day. to used to to used to "used to."

PAST PERFECT. Two actions are in

the past, one clearly BEFORE the
other. The earlier action can be in
the PAST PERFECT; the subsequent
action can be in the simple past.
Put the ADVERB "not" after the first
I _____ English before I came had not do not did no was not helping verb. I HAD NOT DONE
385 to DLI. studied study study study something bef

Because of the rain, the

Commandant _____ the would will FUTURE. He hasn't done it yet. HE
386 parade. cancel is cancel cancel cancel WILL DO it.

When you finally get back

home, please _____ me a IMPERATIVE. A request. "You" is
387 postcard. to send send sent be sent omitted from the main clause.

Siblings _____ to quarrel with
388 each other.
Plural subject. Even if you don't
know what "siblings" are, you can
pick the verb "like." THEY LIKE
something. Siblings are brothers
and sisters. "Joe doesn't have any
likes are like like are liking siblings."

Two simple actions in the past, one

First, I ate breakfast; then, I after the other. Both are in the
389 _____ my family. call do call was call called SIMPLE PAST.

I went to bed because I ____ "Went" shows that it is PAST

390 tired. would be are were was TENSE. I WAS….

Sometimes we can use PAST

Before I came to DLI, I _______
391 English for 5 months.
PROGRESSIVE to indicate a
continuous action in the past that
was changed or altered in some way
am by a subsequent action in the simple
study was study studied studying past.

Advice. "Should" is a common

modal when giving advice. If these
would must to should would questions are too easy, you
392 If you are tired, you ______. rest rest rest have rest SHOULD GO to a higher level.

After I graduate next week, I will "Next week" requires FUTURE. I

393 _____ to Alabama. am go will go going going WILL GO

"News" = singular, although it ends

with an "s." Make the verb agree
The news about the storms have with "news," not with "storms."
394 _____ bad. is were are been THE NEWS IS….

You are talking about something in

That car _____ better than this will the present. Third person singular.
395 one. look looks is look looking THAT CAR (IT) LOOKS….

Although ending in "s," the word

The mumps _____ a strange "mumps" is treated as a singular,
396 disease. were am are is especially when called "a disease."

I ______ my homework later "Later tonight" requires FUTURE

397 tonight. does will doing have did will do TENSE. I WILL DO something

The police _____ here to arrest "Police" = PLURAL THEY ARE

398 you. is was are has been THE POLICE ARE

"Right now" requires PRESENT

am be will should PERFECT. Subject "I" requires AM.
399 I _____ right now. studying studying study studied I AM DOING something

"IF" clause. FUTURE. Simple

If it rains tomorrow, I ______ would must present in the "IF" clause…FUTURE
400 home. will stay have stay staying stayed in the main clause.
 We can express the FUTURE TENSE
is with the PRESENT PROGRESSIVE.
graduatin graduati Something IS HAPPENING
401 My friend _____ tomorrow. graduate g graduated on tomorrow.

Here, the "already" requires

have PRESENT PERFECT. I HAVE DONE
402 I _____ that movie already. see seen seed seen something already.

Tag question. Affirmative in the

main clause requires negative in the
403 He likes Texas, _____? don't he doesn't he do he does he tag.

"Right now" requires PRESENT

is have PROGRESSIVE. The baby IS DOING
404 Right now, the baby _____. sleep is sleep sleeping slept something.

"IF" clause. Present unreal. I do

not have the money, but IF I HAD
IT…. A modal like "would"
If I had a million dollars, I _____ would would requires SIMPLE FORM after it. I
405 a new car. will buy bought bought buy WOULD BUY something.

Sometimes a compound subject is

treated as a SINGULAR subject.
BREAD AND WATER HAM AND
EGGS Notice "my favorite
meal" is singular. My favorite
meal is rice and beans. Rice and
Rice and beans _____ my beans is my favorite meal. Chicken
406 favorite dish. is are will been am and rice is wha

Two simultaneous actions in the

past. They are occurring at the
While I was reading the paper, have were same time. PAST PROGRESSIVE
407 the children ______ outside. play played playing was play for both.

GOGGLES = protective eye

coverings, used when swimming,
to hold to working with certain machinery, part
Why did Lt. Smith wear to stay to protect his pants appear of a safety uniform in dangerous
408 GOGGLES? warm his eyes up taller jobs

MAIMED = seriously wounded,

perhaps the loss of an arm or leg,
After the accident, he was severely perhaps with severe disfigurement
409 MAIMED. killed injured dead okay (damage to the face)

An octopus is so-named The eight "arms" of the octopus are

410 because it has eight _____. tentacles eyes ribs mouths called TENTACLES.

THUMB = one of the five fingers on

If he broke his THUMB, where the hand. One of the "digits" on
411 does he feel the most pain? his foot his head his toe his hand your hand.
 on the
The gym is located BEYOND on this farther too far
412 the post office. side of side of beneath from BEYOND = past, on the far side of

SPRING CHICKEN = young (as

young as a chicken born during the
most recent spring) Always in the
My aunt is no spring chicken. negative. NO spring chicken = NOT
413 She is not ______. smart young popular rich young

There was a big CROWD at the group of

414 restaurant last night. fire riot people meal CROWD = large group of people,

TIGHTWAD = stingy, miserly, doesn't

want to spend his money. (Wants to
keep all of his paper money rolled in
He is a TIGHTWAD. He is argument a tight wad, without ever having to
415 _______. ugly stingy ative silly spend any of it.)

whenever as late PROMPTLY = right away,

Pvt. Jones has to report to the right he wants as he immediately, no delay, as soon as
416 Captain PROMPTLY. away to eventually wants to possible

The torso is the trunk of your body,

the main part excluding the legs,
Which of the following is not an arms, neck and head. The brain is in
organ located in the torso of the head; the other three are in the
417 the human body? the liver the kidner the brain the heart trunk or torso of the body.

His parents FORBID him to encourag prohibit

smoke or drive yet. They _____ allow him e him to him from let him PROHIBIT = forbid, not allow, refuse
418 it. to do do doing do to give permission to do something

The knee is the joint in the middle of

The KNEE is to the LEG as the the leg, just as the ELBOW is the
419 ______ is to the ARM. wrist elbow ankle hip joint in the middle of the arm.

not handsom STINGY = miserly = not generous =

420 My brother is very STINGY. tall smart generous e doesn't want to help others

means of
What is the main CROP of your tourist agricultur transport CROP = something grown for
421 country? site al product city ation harvesting

DUCT = a tube, channel, or pipe for

the passage of liquids or air. What
Hot and cold air is conveyed did the ancient Romans use an
422 through a _____. hook duct crank tablet AQUEDUCT for?

air-
We need to get our FURNACE condition heating FURNACE = a large device designed
423 repaired. er vehicle window device to heat a building.

That kind of problem really entertain ANNOY = bother = irritate = vex =

424 ANNOYS me. bothers pleases interests s make unhappy
 STARE = to look at something or
425 Don't STARE AT him like that. talk to play with look at touch someone for a long period of time

POWDER = fine dust It can be

legal medicine (headache powders,
foot powder, talcum powder, baby
The police found a white thick shoe powder)…makeup (face powder) or
426 POWDER in his suitcase. fine dust animal liquid polish DRUGS (cocaine, heroin)

The villagers had to FLEE their escape FLEE = run away from = escape from
427 homes. clean repair protect from FLEE FLED FLED

buy
things…
spend GRIPE = complain = say negative
428 Don't GRIPE so much. eat complain drink money things = kvetch

greatly much too extremel STEEP = greatly inclined…far from

429 The road is STEEP. inclined narrow very wide y bumpy level

sour = bad = not good = gone bad

(for milk) SOUR (for lemon or lime)
unpleasa means TART, TANGY, "attacks" the
430 The milk tastes SOUR. nt delicious sweet good tongue

young
unable to and
431 I'm not DEAF. hear immature helpless ignorant DEAF = cannot hear

an
only a insufficie
We have AMPLE supplies for more than small nt ample = quite sufficient = a lot =
432 the next few months. enough no amount amount enough = abundant

have lost are loose

His jeans are FADED. They some are and FADE = losing the color, colorsa are
433 ___________. are tight color worthless baggy not bright like they used to be

INFLAMMABLE = will burn. IN- is

not a negative prefix here. It means
the liquid is capable of going up IN
This liquid is INFLAMMABLE. will not FLAMES. The negative is
434 It _______. burn. is potable. is costly. will burn. NONFLAMMABLE.

We SPOTTED the enemy sniper TO SPOT = to see, to detect, to

435 at a sixteenth-floor window. detected drew shot sent discern at a distance

His WAGES are not very high WAGES = salary = the money you
436 right now. hopes expenses salary duties earn from working

He FIBBED when he said he FIB = to tell a lie, not tell the truth, a
437 had done his homework. laughed stuttered cried lied "little lie," not a serious untruth

What would you use to SWEEP BROOM = a device used when you
438 the floor? a faucet a brake a coil a broom SWEEP an area
 If one car bumps into another DENT = slight damage, especially to
439 one, it will leave _____. a dent a lap a shield a tray metal, when it is hit by something

TRUSTWORTHY = deserves to be
My brother is not very dependa trusted, dependable, reliable, you
440 TRUSTWORTHY. wealthy happy intelligent ble can TRUST him.

I need to buy some new

441 SLACKS. socks trousers shirts glasses SLACKS = TROUSERS, good pants

small CRUMBS = small loose pieces of dry

He had CRUMBS all over his little fallen soup pieces of food like bread, cookies, pizza crust,
442 shirt and tie. pictures hairs stains bread crackers….

forgets
Joe CATCHES ON really fast, receives disagrees learns importan two-word verb TO CATCH ON = to
443 doesn't he? the ball with you things t details learn, to understand, to comprehend

Your TASK is to alphabetize all

444 of these files. desire method reason job TASK = job, chore, duty, assignment

445 Don't SHOUT. run yell whisper shoot SHOUT = yell…in a very loud voice

rust = the reddish-brown (almost

What is the most common reddish- pinkish- orange) oxidation that can form on
446 color of RUST? black brown purple white metal when it's exposed to moisture.

447 The ECL will START at 0745. end conclude begin wind up start = begin = commence

heavy
There was a BLIZZARD last light snowstor raging mild blizzard = a lot of snow driven by
448 night. shower m flood breeze strong winds

An AISLE is a long narrow space

between chairs, usually in a theater,
449 You must keep the AISLE clear. surface walkway sofa fence in a church, in an auditorium….

We had to dig a TRENCH to wide

450 drain off the standing water. long ditch deep hole steep hill pond A TRENCH is a long narrow ditch

We found a FLAW in the A FLAW is a mistake, error,

451 structural design. insect error tool change something wrong.

The SKULL is the round protective

If he suffered a SKULL injury, BONE area covering and protecting
452 where is the heaviest damage? the head the foot thewrist the knee your BRAIN.

STARVING means very hungry, to

453 I am STARVING. hungry bored lonely angry the point of weakness and collapse.

Congress is going to TRIM the TRIM is CUT. (The barber

454 budget. cut increase authorize approve TRIMMED my hair.)

time for
A General's wife always has a socializi
455 lot of CLOUT. power duties money ng CLOUT = power, influence

456 package lane tub dent

I brought you a BUNDLE of BUNDLE = package, stack (usually
 newspapers. tied neatly with a rope or string)

What are the TRAITS of a good requireme characteri backgrou potential TRAITS = distinguishing
457 leader? nts stics nds rewards characteristics

was
died in stabbed
died in fell off a the dry with a DROWN = to die by suffocation in
458 He DROWNED. He _______ water. mountain. desert. knife. liquid

to account for = explain = give

How can you ACCOUNT FOR compete reasons for why something is the
459 his low test scores? endure with stand explain way it is

The entire meal, including

drinks and tip, AMOUNTED TO chipped got on took AMOUNT TO =COME TO numerical
460 $512. in came to with after totals

The SHIN is part of the leg, the front

part between the knee and the foot.
near the near the among Do not confuse it with CHIN, which
461 Where is your SHIN? mouth on the leg backbone the ribs is part of your face.

There was a SURGE in student rapid quick slight steady

462 enrollment. increase decrease change falling surge = a sudden, strong increase

to shatter is to break something,

463 He SHATTERED the mirror. sold borrowed hid broke especially glass

The CORE is the centerof

something. The core of the earth is
464 Don't eat the apple CORE. peel stem leaf center very hot.

I got DRENCHED last night as I

was walking home from the DRENCHED means very very
465 movies. soaked lost dizzy lonely wet…saturated.

The KNUCKLES are joints in your

fingers. Have you ever been socked
Where are your KNOCKLES in your in your in your in your in the jaw by someone who was
466 located? fingers ears eyes lungs wearing BRASS KNUCKLES?

chipped LAME means walking with difficulty

Why is Joe LAME? injured poked out his front hurt his because of problems with a leg, a
467 He________ his ankle. his eye. teeth. fingers. foot, an ankle, the toes.

dead food LOOT is something valuable--

468 The pirates buried their LOOT. comrades weapons treasure supply money, treasure, jewels, gold, etc.

The bow is the front end of a ship.

Rear and aft refer to the back part of
The Captain is standing at the a ship. The galley is the kitchen of a
469 BOW of the ship. rear aft galley front end ship.

The floor is covered with dead spilled

small SPINTERS are very small pieces of
470 SPLINTERS. water flowers food
pieces of wood, created when you are
 wood whittling, sawing, chopping….

HOIST is to raise something up in

the air. You HOIST a flag. A crane
471 It's time to HOIST the flag. lower replace raise repair can HOIST cargo.

dangero risky = dangerous = hazardous =

472 It is RISKY to do that. safe wise proper us unsafe

His behavior has been rather interestin frighteni ERRATIC = not consistent, changing
473 ERRATIC lately. polite g irregular ng wildly and quickly

474 He INJURED his left ankle. cured hurt repaired x-rayed INJURE = to hurt

I SENT FOR Mariah Carey's loaned ordered threw SEND FOR = to order something
475 new CD. out borrowed by mail out through the mail system

MUSTARD = a yellow "sauce" that

What is the usual color of most we sometimes put on our
476 MUSTARD? white red blue yellow hamburgers and hot dogs

Some children openly DEFY DEFY = oppose, refuse to obey, go

477 their parents. support resemble oppose love against the orders of

has a
That's the way the cookie falls into rises as it good increase
478 CRUMBLES. pieces bakes flavor s in price CRUMBLE = to fall into little pieces

YET = but, however, still, on the

479 He is old, YET he is healthy. but and so for other hand

I cannot TAKE IN all this understan TAKE IN = understand, absorb in the

480 information at once. say d translate transmit brain, comprehend

I cannot STRESS how

important vocabulary is on the understan emphasiz
481 ECL test. d explain e agree STRESS = emphasize, highlight

do
My brother is going to RUN campaign exercise loan argue RUN FOR = to try to win a political
482 FOR mayor next year. for office with money to about office or position

approve REJECT = REFUSE, turn down, say

483 He REJECTED my offer. accepted refused repeated d of "no" to

PERPLEXED = confused, not

I'm very PERPLEXED about understanding, baffled, needing an
484 tomorrow's assignments. confident certain happy confused explanation

I disliked I thought TERRIBLY = AWFULLY, extremely,

The movie was TERRIBLY the I loathed it was I liked it quite, very (The key word here is
485 GOOD. movie. the movie. awful. a lot. "good," not "terrible.")

SCENERY = scenes of natural,

expecially the mountains and trees,
The SCENERY in Northern natural sporting shoppin hills and vast skies, rocks, all the
486 California is beautiful. views theaters arenas g centers colors grouped like a picture.
 I'm very FOND OF chocolate ice don't like can't can't FOND OF = love something like it a
487 cream. I ______. it love it afford it stand it lot

sudden, long,
The taxi made an ABRUPT unexpect slow, calm, comforta ABRUPT =very quick, fast,
488 stop. ed steady easy ble unexpected, discomforting

Which of these is not an A WRENCH is a tool for tightening

489 animal? a deer a rabbit a wrench a bear and loosening.

Which of these would not be a orange GASOLINE is fuel. Beverages are

490 good beverage for breakfast? juice milk coffee gasoline liquids you drink.

TIED = to be even, to be the same.

The score was TIED at 2-2. His
The score was TIED at the end undetermi inconseq home run in the eleventh inning
491 of regulation time. lopsided ned even uential finally broke the 3-3 tie.

It
What does water do a 212 condens Water boils at 212 degrees F (100
492 degrees Fahrenheit? It thaws. It freezes. It boils. es. degrees C.).

493 He FLUNKED the test. wrote passed corrected failed FLUNK = fail…not pass

DEFEAT = BEAT. The Green Team

The Green Team DEFEATED surrende WON the game. They DEFEATED
494 the Orange Team. won lost beat red to the other team.

495 He as ACNE all over his face. pimples hair freckles wrinkles ACNE = pimple, a skin condition, zits

I thought the movie was HILARIOUS = funny, amusing,

496 HILAARIOUS. too long boring funny sad makes you laugh out loud

to make and because

things people he did
497 He is leaving here FOR GOOD. better forever are happy well FOR GOOD = forever, for always

I hope you have the

OPPORTUNITY to visit the transport
498 Alamo. time chance money ation OPPORTUNITY = chance, occasion

I am PLEASED with the results uninforme PLEASED = happy, not angry, very
499 of the test. happy d unhappy angry satisfied

The policeman CAUTIONED handcuff CAUTION = WARN, verbal

500 him about speeding. ticketed warned arrested ed admonition

I look I I can't
forward I hate anticipate wait to DREAD = mixture of fear and hatred,
501 I DREAD going to the dentist. to it. going. going. go. strong reluctance based on fear

stocks
My uncle deals in REAL land and and farm REAL ESTATE = land and property,
502 ESTATE. minerals property bonds animals buildings

Which of the following can HOVER = to stay in the air in one

a
503 HOVER? a train a taxi a missile stationary place (for a while)
helicopte
 r

RAW = uncooked, not cooked at all

504 I do not like RAW turnips. rare big uncooked stale rare = cooked a little bit

ignored
I RAN INTO an old friend of hit with took a met by complete
505 mine at Ingram Mall. my car picture of chance ly TO RUN INTO = MEET BY CHANCE

I RARELY go to movies during from time RARELY = SELDOM, not very often,
506 the weekend. seldom usually to time often only once in a blue moon

let
I DROPPED OFF during the fell out of somethin fell DROP OFF = to fall asleep (while
507 history lecture. a chair died g fall asleep sitting up in a chair)

If you DOUBLE THE RADIUS of circumfer

508 a circle, you get the _______. ence curve tangent diameter RADIUS = half of the diameter

I want you to THINK OVER that THINK OVER = consider, think about
509 job offer before you say "no." refuse forget accept consider it seriously, don't refuse it yet

listen to eat EAVESDROP = secretly listening in

private sleep too harmful on someone else's supposedly-
510 Don't EAVESDROP. shoplift talk much foods private conversation

TRANSFER OWNSERSHIP = turn

He will TRANSFER over, pass the legal ownership to,
OWNERSHIP OF his business pass the responsibility to someone
511 to his oldest son next month. turn down turn into turn over turn on else

Let's TALK this OVER think

512 tomorrow. rewrite it veto it discuss it about it TALK something OVER = discuss it

arguing studying
My kids are always playing with each exploring in their QUARREL = argue, verbal fighting,
513 QUARRELING. politely other the yard rooms disagreeing loudly

WRECK = destroy, ruin completely,

514 My brother WRECKED his car. destroyed sold repainted loaned can't be used any more

He was REARED in Ponce by looked brought carried REAR = raise a child, bring a child
515 his grandparents. over up called up out up, help a child develop

We reached the SUMMIT of the

mountain after 9 hours of SUMMIT = peak, highest point, the
516 climbing. base peak side foothills top point, apex

The Captain REPRIMANDED Lt. REPRIMAND = call down, scold,

Jones during the company called chew out, say very negative things
517 formation. called up called off called on down to

This sandpaper is very COARSE = rough, not smooth, very

518 COARSE. smooth expensive common rough grainy to the touch

I cannot ACCEPT any bring TAKE ON = accept, agree to perform

519 additional duties at this time. take on get across back stand by extra work
 RIPE = mature, ready to be picked
What color should a RIPE light and eaten STRAWBERRY = a red
520 STRAWBERRY be? white green red black berry

Which of these best describes

521 TIN? tasy useless metallic gaseous TIN = a light METAL

TUMBLE = to fall, sometimes rolling

522 He TUMBLED down the stairs. walked ran fell hiked head over heels

He CREATED an interesting thought loooked

523 game for his students to play. up tried on called for up THINK UP = create, invent, make up

TIGHT = not loose, too restricting,

524 What is the opposite of TIGHT? young cheap long loose hard to move

He was very sick; THEREFORE,

he couldn't compete in the THEREFORE = THUS, so, as a result,
525 race. yet however since thus because of this, consequently

We always STORE our STORE = put away, put in storage,

sweaters and coats during the put out-of-sight, maybe in the closet
526 summer. take off put away throw out keep on or in a trunk

There was a TRACE of a huge a tiny TRACE = a very small amount of

527 gunpowder on his finger. amount smell amount a lot something

The police found a corpse dead military CORPSE = dead person, body (dead
528 behind the Rialto Theater. killer person person vehicle body)

Where did you PICK UP those learn at PICK UP = learn randomly, acquire,
529 bad words? select raise random spell gain by being exposed to