Piagets 4 stages of cognitive development

Hello and a good morning to all of you today the topic I will be discussing with you is piagets 4 stages of
cognitive development. Jean Piaget was a swiss psychologist who suggested that children move through
four different stages of mental development & that intelligence is something that grows and develops
through a series of stages as cognitive development involves changes in cognitive process and abilities.
The result of cognitive growth is the interweaving of schema ( concept of how the world works)
assimilation ( adding a new experience to preexisting schema ) and accommodation ( altering the
schema to fit a new experience ) .

The first stage of cognitive development is sensorimotor stage which ranges from age birth to 2 years
and in this stage the reflexes , circular motions and object permanence which is the childs understanding
that objects continue to exist even though they cannot be seen or heard are developed in this stage.

After the child is familiarized with object permanence then comes the preoperational stage which
ranges from age 2 to 7 years of. In this stage children become increasingly adept to using non verbal
cues for example pointing towards objects to get them while your imagination develops as well such as
pretending that a broom is a horse this entails development in egocentrism in the sense that a child is
focusing on its pleasure and gratification before anything else which also happens to be the same
principle used in theory of personality by Sigmund freud (id / pleasure principle) the predominant
aspect in this all is the logical thinking abilities a child develops in the sense that it can perceive objects
to conservation which this model is about. Despite seeing that the liquid amounts are equal children
most always choose the cup that appears fuller.

After this comes the concrete operational stage which spans the the time of middle childhood from age
7 to 11 years , this stage serves an important transition between earlier stages of development and and
the coming stage. In this stage children become fairly good at inductive logic but may still have difficulty
using deductive logic. One of the most important developments in this stage is reversibility which is
interlinking different categories of information.

The formal operational stage is the fourth and final stage of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive
development. It begins at approximately age 12 and lasts into adulthood. At this point in
development, thinking becomes much more sophisticated and advanced. Kids can think about
abstract and theoretical concepts and use logic to come up with creative solutions to problems.