Coordinates: 21.52°N 70.

47°E

Junagadh State
Junagarh or Junagadh was a princely state in Gujarat [1] ruled
by the Muslim Babi or Babai dynasty in British India, until its
Junagadh State
integration into the Indian Union in 1948. Princely State of British India
1730–1948

Contents
History
Rulers Flag Coat of arms

Rebellion
Integration into India
See also
References
External links

History
Muhammad Sher Khan Babai was the founder of the Babi
dynasty of Junagarh in 1654. His descendants, the Babi Nawabs Location of Junagarh in Saurashtra,
of Junagarh, conquered large territories in southern Saurashtra. among all princely states shown in
pink
However, during the collapse of the Mughal Empire, the Babis
Area
became involved in a struggle with the Gaekwad dynasty of the • 1921 8,643 km2
Maratha Empire over control of Gujarat during the reign of the (3,337 sq mi)
local Mohammad Mahabat Khanji I. Mohammad Khan Bahadur
Population
Khanji I declared independence from the Mughal governor of
• 1921 465493
Gujarat subah, and founded the state of Junagarh in 1730. This
allowed the Babi to retain sovereignty of Junagarh and other History
princely states. During the reign of his heir Junagarh was a • Established 1730
tributary to the Maratha Empire,[2] until it came under British • Indian integration 1948
suzerainty in 1807 under Mohammad Hamid Khanji I,[1] of Junagarh
following the Second Anglo-Maratha War. Preceded by Succeeded
by
In 1807, Junagarh became a British protectorate and the East
Maratha India
India Company took control of the state. By 1818, the Empire
Saurashtra area, along with other princely states of Kathiawar,
were separately administrated under the Kathiawar Agency by Today part of Gujarat, India
British India.
In 1947, upon the independence and partition of India, the last
Babi dynasty ruler of the state, Muhammad Mahabat Khanji III,
decided to merge Junagarh into the newly formed Pakistan.
However, the Hindu citizens, who formed the majority of the
population, revolted, leading to several events and also a
plebiscite, resulting in the integration of Junagarh into India.[3]

Rulers
The Nawabs of Junagarh belonged to Pathan Babi or Babai
(Pashtun tribe). They were granted a 13 gun salute by the British
authorities:[4]

1730–1758 : Mohammad Bahadur Khanji I or Modern state of Gujarat, shown

Mohammad Sher Khan Babai[5] within modern borders of India
1758–1774: Mohammad Mahabat Khanji I
1774–1811: Mohammad Hamid Khanji I
1811–1840: Mohammad Bahadur Khanji II
1840–1851: Mohammad Hamid Khanji II
1851–1882: Mohammad Mahabat Khanji II
1882–1892: Mohammad Bahadur Khanji III
1892–1911: Mohammad Rasul Khanji
1911–1948: Mohammad Mahabat Khanji III (last ruler before the integration of Junagarh to
India)

Junagarh Nawabs Mohammad Bahadur Khanji II Mohammad Rasul

and state officials, Mahabat Khanji II, (r. 1882–1892), Khanji, Nawab of
19th century the Nawab of Nawab of Junagarh, Junagarh,
Junagarh, with and state officials, Bahaduddinbhai
young, Mohammad 1880s Hasainbhai, Wazier,
Bahadur Khanji III, Junagarh, 1890s
1870s

Rebellion
Koli rebellion in Junagarh raised by Mansa Khant during time of Nawab Sher Khan the first ruler of
Junagarh. He was against Mughal Rule, Made Uparkot Fort his centre. He made a series of raids in
surrounding villages and cities. Nawab was unsuccessful to control the rebellion. Mansa khant occupied
the uparkot for thirteen months and make numerous raids mostly in countryside. Nawab started compaign
against khant. Nawab was assisted by king of Gondal State thakur haloji Jadeja and arab jamadar sheikh
abdullah zubeidi. The combined forces defeated the khant and captured uparkot and burnt down the
rebellion.[6][7]

Integration into India

In 1947, Shah Nawaz Bhutto joined the council of ministers of Nawab Muhammad Mahabat Khan III,
and in May became his dewan or prime minister.

With the independence of India in 1947, the princely states were left by the British to decide whether to
accede to one of the newly independent states of India or Pakistan or to remain outside them. The
Constitutional Advisor to the Nawab, Nabi Baksh, indicated to Lord Mountbatten that he was
recommending that Junagarh should join India. However, upon the advice of Dewan Bhutto, on 15
August 1947, the Nawab announced that Junagarh had acceded to Pakistan. On 13 September, the
Government of Pakistan accepted the accession.[8]

The Hindu majority of Junagarh revolted, leading to the near-collapse of the state government, and India
forced its military into Junagarh to force a plebiscite that had 91% of the population voting in support of
joining India in December[9]. The plebiscite overwhelmingly called for the integration of Junagarh into
India.[3] Nawab Muhammad Mahabat Khan III of Junagarh (erstwhile Babi nawab dynasty of Junagarh)
left to live in Sindh, Pakistan.[10]

See also
Annexation of Junagarh
Manavadar State
V. P. Menon
Political integration of India
Pathans of Gujarat

References
1. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Junagarh" (https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C
3%A6dia_Britannica/Junagarh). Encyclopædia Britannica. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge
University Press. pp. 554–555.
2. Georg Pfeffer; Deepak Kumar Behera, Contemporary Society: Concept of tribal society (http
s://books.google.com/books?id=R--XMUsk7sIC&pg=PA198&lpg=PA198#v=onepage&q=Ju
nagadh%20Marathas), p. 198
3. Gandhi, Rajmohan (1991). Patel: A Life. India: Navajivan. p. 292.
4. Soszynski, Henry. "JUNAGADH" (http://members.iinet.net.au/~royalty/ips/j/junagadh.html).
5. Nawabs of Junagarh (http://www.collectbritain.co.uk/personalisation/object.cfm?uid=019PH
O0000002S6U00070000) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20120209012232/http://ww
w.collectbritain.co.uk/personalisation/object.cfm?uid=019PHO0000002S6U00070000) 9
February 2012 at the Wayback Machine British Library.
6. Williams, Raymond Brady; Trivedi, Yogi (12 May 2016). Swaminarayan Hinduism: Tradition,
Adaptation, and Identity (https://books.google.co.in/books?id=rs5JDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT94&l
pg=PT94&dq=Mansa+Khant&source=bl&ots=gp4gujHdBr&sig=e4qPmR-eTgpW3OFzVMW
Blrs5y3U&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjiiIir2cvfAhXIXSsKHUCbAugQ6AEwBHoECAgQAQ#
v=onepage&q=Mansa%20Khant&f=false). Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199089598.
 7. shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in (PDF)
http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/59303/8/08_chapter%20iv.pdf (http://shod
hganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/59303/8/08_chapter%20iv.pdf). Retrieved 1 January
2019. Missing or empty |title= (help)
8. Menon, V. P. (1956). The Story of Integration of the Indian States (https://hidf1.files.wordpre
ss.com/2011/02/the-story-of-the-integration-of-the-indian-states-by-v-p-menon.pdf) (PDF).
Orient Longman. pp. 85–87.
9. kashmirreacts (1 December 2018). "The story of partition. How India 'conquered' Junagarh,
Hyderabad and Kashmir through military operations" (http://kashmirreacts.com/the-story-of-
partition-how-india-conquered-junagarh-hyderabad-and-kashmir-through-military-operation
s/). Kashmir Reacts. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
10. "Archived copy" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130225220311/http://www.junagadhmunicip
al.org/history.php). Archived from the original (http://www.junagadhmunicipal.org/history.ph
p) on 25 February 2013. Retrieved 5 July 2016.

External links
Official website (http://www.junagadhstate.org)
Classic Gallery of Indian Numismatics (http://indiannumismatics.com/about-monograms.ph
p)
Heraldry of the princely states of Gujarat (http://www.hubert-herald.nl/BhaGujarat2.htm)

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