Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
2019 - 2020
IV YEAR I SEM
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CONTENTS
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TIME TABLE
(To be filled by the student with graphite pencil only)
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MANAGEMENT
President,
Guru Nanak Educational Society,
Sardar Tavinder Singh Kohli
Chairman,
Guru Nanak Institutions.
Vice Chairman,
Sardar Gagandeep Singh Kohli
Guru Nanak Institutions
Managing Director,
Dr. Harvinder Singh Saini
Guru Nanak Institutions
NAME DESIGNATION
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I. VISION & MISSION
Vision:
To be a world-class educational and research institution in the service of humanity by promoting
high quality education in Engineering, Management and Pharmacy
Mission:
M1: Develop the faculty to reach the international standards.
M2: Maintain high academic standards and teaching quality that promotes the analytical thinking
and independent judgment.
M3: Promote research, innovation and product development by collaboration with reputed
foreign Universities.
M4: Offer collaborative industry program in emerging areas and spirit of enterprise.
M5: Improve employability potential through soft skills and technical skills
III. GOALS
To evolve as an autonomous (Deemed University) institution offering viable programmes of
relevance for the upliftment of rural students and populace.
To undertake Nationally and Internationally acknowledged Research and Development
works in all disciplines by forging alliances with research organizations, government
entities, industries and alumni.
GNITC has taken strategic steps to ensure a gradual enhancement of all infrastructural
facilities to make the campus even more advanced to simply put it; it will soon resemble a
foreign university on this side of the globe.
To achieve the status as provider of Quality Education and Excellent Research Center on par
with IISCs and IITs.
IV GENERAL INFORMATION
A. Location
Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus is located in the outskirts of Hyderabad, on
Nagarjuna Sagar highway, near Ibrahimpatnam. The campus is located on a sprawling and lush
green campus with a congenial atmosphere for learning. The premises are spread over 50 acres
of scenic land. The open spaces, lawns and gardens supplement to elevate the grandeur of the
environment and provide calm and peaceful atmosphere conducive for academic pursuits.
B. Promoter Society
Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus is one of the campuses of Guru Nanak Institutions
sponsored by Guru Nanak Educational Society, which have been founded to educate, enrich
and empower the youth who in turn will play a decisive role in shaping the destiny of the nation.
The endeavor at the Institution stretches beyond just offering degrees to the building of
character and personality of the young professionals transforming them into complete
professionals equipped with technological competence and social consciousness.
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More Than a Decade of Academic Excellence
In a short span of twelve years, GNI has achieved many impressive milestones that are worth
mentioning. GNI emphatically states, academic excellence is a direct result of serious
commitment to uncompromising quality. Adding a new professional college year on year, GNI
scaled to new heights purely based on collective efforts and team work. At GNI the
management and the faculty share the same vision which says Excellence in Education.
NAGPUR:
Guru Nanak Institute of Engineering & Technology
Guru Nanak Institute of Engineering & Management
The Edify School, DRS Education
ROORKEE:
Hermes College of Engineering & Management
Hermes Business School
Guru Nanak Engineering College was established in the year 2001 with the sole objective of
providing a perfect platform to students in the field of Technology and Management to invent
applications for their academic and overall personality development. Within a span of 12 years,
GNEC has come a long way to become one of the Premiere Engineering Colleges in the state
with an overall intake of more than 2500 students in various Undergraduate and Post Graduate
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Courses including B.Tech.,M.Tech., M.B.A. and M.C.A. GNEC is an NBA, NAAC accredited
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and ISO 9001 certified institution with state-of-the-art laboratories, highly qualified and
dedicated teaching professionals and a sprawling lush green campus with a congenial
atmosphere for learning. As part of expansion of GNI, Guru Nanak Institute of Postgraduate
Studies in Management Studies and Guru Nanak Institute of PG studies in Computer
Applications was started in 2005, Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmacy was started in 2006 and
Guru Nanak Institute of Engineering & Technology was started in 2010.
In the year 2013 a new gem was mounted in the crown of Guru Nanak Institutions. Five
colleges of GNI main campus Guru Nanak Engineering College, Guru Nanak Institute of
Engineering & Technology, Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmacy, GNIPG MBA and GNIPG
MCA were integrated to a Technical Campus in the name of “Guru Nanak Institutions
Technical Campus.
In the year 2016, GNITC has become an Autonomous Institution which is one step towards the
University Status in coming years. With such landmark achievements already in place, GNI is
poised to go farther and higher in its endeavors dedicated completely to the cause of quality
education a mission that GNI practices every day.
The campus has a rich tradition of soaring high with academic excellence and overall personal
growth of the students. This is achieved by providing to them excellent academic environment,
state-of-the-art infrastructure and dedicated and highly qualified faculty members with decades
of teaching and industrial experience. Currently, ours is the only accredited private institute
in Telangana with NAAC A + by National Assessment and Accreditation Council.
Guru Nanak Institute of Technology was established in the year 1999 with the sole objective
of providing a perfect platform to the students in the field of Technology and Management
applications for their academic and overall personality development. GNIT has become one of
the Premiere Engineering Colleges in the state with an overall intake of 732 students in various
Undergraduate and Post Graduate Courses including B. Tech., M. Tech and M.B.A.
Courses @ GNITC
UG COURSES PG COURSES
B. Tech. CSE M.Tech(CSE)
B. Tech. ECE
B. Tech. IT
B. Tech. EEE
B. Tech. Mechanical M.Tech(TE)
B Tech. Civil
B. Tech. Aeronautical
MBA (Specializations: HR, Finance and Marketing)
B.Pharmacy
M.Pharmacy (Pharmaceutics)
Pharma D
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HIGHLIGHTS:
Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus has been granted Autonomous status by
University Grants Commission, India and Conferred by Jawaharlal Nehru Technological
University Hyderabad.
1. The only private Institution in the State, to be accredited with NAAC A + by National
Assessment and Accreditation Council.
2. Most of the offered courses are NBA accredited
3. A multifaceted institution having tie-ups with Global Universities
4. Industry based Training with 13 Centers of Excellence
5. Recognized as Quality Professional Institution of the Year, Telangana and was
conferred with Certificate of Excellence Award at the Global Quality Awards
6. Received the Award for Educational Excellence at the Indo-Global Education
Summit
7. Awarded The Excellent Campus Recruitment in the State at the National Education
Summit & Award supported by Department of MNRE, GOI, Department of MSME
GOI, AICTE, Association of Indian Universities, JNTUA
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D. Future Plans
GNI with its progressive views and visionary zeal has plans for continuous and sustained
growth, and to gain the numerous statuses in all aspects. Having a huge campus with the state-
of-the-art facilities, the institute is trying to get Deemed University status for which the process
is under progress. The campus is also planning to collaborate with MNCs and reputed
Universities within India and abroad to facilitate the students to get acquainted with the latest
trends in their respective engineering fields.
V. CENTRAL FACILITIES
1. Buildings
GNI Campus consists of various departments which are established in spacious well
built blocks. Each block with well-ventilated classrooms, staff rooms, labs, libraries,
drinking water, toilets facility, other amenities and also equipped with Wi-Fi facility.
2. Internet Facility
Apart from the internet facility, 1200 systems are connected to the Central server.
Students can access the facility at all working hours and after hours as part of their
research and practical work and for seminars & conferences that will be held from time
to time. It provides access to e-books, study materials, previous question papers,
teaching schedules, internal marks, attendance reports, daily circulars etc. Through the
college Local Area Network (LAN), the internet facility with 20Mbps connection is
available to students 24X7.
3. Open-Air Auditorium
A huge open-air auditorium with a capacity of over 2500 has been constructed in the
campus to enable the conduct of all types of meetings, seminars, cultural activities and
all other celebrations like Annual Day, Orientation Programmes etc.
4. Air Cooled Auditorium
An Air - Cooled Auditorium is available in the campus that can comfortably seat 600
students this is the ideal seating for holding seminars, workshops, interactive sessions,
National and International Conferences and various other events.
5. Bank
To provide an easy access to deposit and withdraw of money, there is an exclusive bank
counter in the campus. Students who have the accounts with respective bank are given
ATM cards. Additionally, the bank also extends student loans that can be obtained by the
parents of the students for the education of their children. The ATM is available on
campus.
6. Sports
Students are encouraged to engage in physical education for their all-round
development. They are encouraged to participate in inter-college competitions and also
offer themselves for selection to the University team. Cricket, Volley ball and Foot ball
grounds along with a spacious Student Activity Center for indoor sporting facilities are
provided. An annual Sports day is conducted and prizes are awarded to teams and
individuals who prove their mettle.
7. Canteen
College Canteen Refuel provides delicious and hygienic food at affordable prices.
South Indian, North Indian and Chinese food, both vegetarian and non-vegetarian items
are available.
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8. Drinking Water
Water treatment plant is erected in the campus to cater to the drinking water needs of the
students and staff. Purified drinking water is supplied to all the departments / blocks
through water coolers made available in each building.
9. Hostel
The hostel is the second home for the students who come from far off places. All hostel
rooms furnished with modern furniture to provide comfort for students. Facilities
available at the hostel:
Sports room
Internet center
24hrs. Internet in the rooms
Solar water heating system
Entertainment room
Gym and Indoor sports
Drinking water treatment plant
Two generators for power backup and security arrangements
A separate library
Separate Mess for Boys and Girls
Girls Hostel
Exclusive girls Hostel with lady warden and separate mess with total security is available
in the campus. Wi-Fi, internet centre and separate library is available in the hostel.
10. Transport - College Buses
College has its own fleet of 60 buses plying from all corners of the twin cities. They are
comfortable, safe and fast. Please visit: www.gniindia.org for bus routes. Students can
deposit fee with the accounts department for availing the bus facility. A number of
APSRTC buses are also available to reach the college well in time. APSRTC will issue
Bus passes after the commencement of the class work.
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VI. GNI HIGHLIGHTS
Earn While Learn is a unique programme which would enable students to work closely with
various departments of the organization thus developing their skills apart from earning through
the same. Earn While Learn would enable students to attain managerial skills, administrative
skills, leadership skills, communication skills (written and oral) etc. thus being a better
individual. Eligibility:
Students should be a resident of GNI hostel (can be relaxed for meritorious students)
Student should be having all clear subjects at B Tech II level and should be in B Tech/ B.
Pharma (III/IV year). M Tech (non faculty)/ M Pharma/MBA/MCA students of all
semesters are eligible for scheme. Students need to maintain minimum 75%
attendance.
Job Description:
Under the scheme the students could be engaged by Guru Nanak Institutions for jobs in the
following areas:
a) Laboratories, b) Library, c) Offices
In the labs/workshops the students can be engaged for making them responsible for handling the
equipment/machinery, upkeep etc. In the library jobs they can be used to do cataloguing,
arrangement and display of books, repair of damaged books, issue and return of books etc. In
the offices they can be used for jobs like preparation of statements, maintenance of service
records, compilation of data, preparation of bills, store inventory, students attendance, hostel
records, sending of letters to parents, making calls to parents, escorting delegates for various
events, participating in various education fair etc. Since the students are having knowledge of
computer, skill can be utilized in a positive way and increasing efficiency. The above job
descriptions are only illustrative and not exhaustive.
Compensation Rate:
FOR UG STUDENTS: Rs 75 per hour
FOR PG STUDENTS: Rs 100 per hour
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Experience:
Students will be given certificate of work experience a Teaching Associate or Admin Associate after
completion of 100 hour of work
Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus has established the Innovation Centre exclusively
for Research, trainings and consultancy in multidisciplinary Engineering and Sciences. The
main objective of establishing centre is to provide exposure and participation to faculty and
students to the research activities through Centers of Excellence enabling them to teach and
learn from a higher platform, acquisition of new knowledge, create specialized product
development and testing laboratories with leading edge technologies.
Adobe,a $ 107 Bn (Rs. 7 Lakh Crore) company, world's third 3rd biggest software giant is
opening a 10,000 people facility at Hyderabad and an Artificial Intelligence Lab. As IT industry
is re- skilling, there will be a large number of jobs in the area of UI & UX (User Interface and
User Experience) for fresh graduates in the span of next 4-5 years. While automation is taking
away jobs in certain areas, UI/UX is one of the few key skill areas where the number of jobs are
increasing. Keeping this in mind, GNI is the leading education institutes in India to sign an
agreement with Adobe to setup One-of-its-Kind Center offering internships, courses, mini-
projects and major-projects to B. Tech. students as an Add-on specialization to the B. Tech
Degree. The add-on will make them highly employable in the new areas like UI & UX. The
UI/UX skills are in great demand with highest pay packages in the industry. Only a couple of
top institutions across India are offering few subjects where the demand is very high.
2. Internet of Things
Internet of Things is among the newest technology in the industrial and development sector. It
has created a huge wave and influenced the manner we communicate and share the information.
The IoT technology connects devices to each other, and to the people who use it in their daily
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life. Leading Industries have transformed their development towards Internet of Things;
therefore, companies are in search of professionals who have strong fundamental knowledge in
the concepts
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of Internet of Things. With specialization in this field, the young and talented graduates can
develop lucrative IT careers.
Internet of Things (IoT) has already transformed the way the world works. Just take a look at
the way things are becoming smart and autonomous most of the IoT devices dont need human
intervention anymore - they can self-maintain, self-propel and self-drive. A car is becoming
smart enough to avoid sudden mishaps. The cameras on the road are intelligent enough to take
pictures of any casualty and inform the emergency team, or the police. All this is possible
because of sensors, microcontrollers, and network security embedded in IoT objects. This is
why IoT is seen as the next big thing in technology, which will transform the employment
landscape in the IT industry.
Between 2014 and 2017, the demand for IoT talent has accelerated by 300%. With IoT fast
approaching, Gartner predicted that by 2020 there would be more than 50 billion devices
connected to the Internet of Things. These are the professionals who keep an eagle eye on the
execution part of the project. Their job roles vary from development to marketing. They
collaborate with development teams to take care of
business requirements and implementations.
500 plus students have successfully completed their mini and major projects.
The technology of Robotics deals with building automated machines that replace humans in
dangerous environments or manufacturing processes, or resemble humans in appearance,
behavior, and/or cognition. Guru Nanak Institutions has established robotics center of
excellence with focus on pneumatics, electronics and mechanical section. This center consists of
connectors and fittings with respect to the entities like union straight, different diameter and
elbow to list out few.
The preparation includes training on robots, sensors, micro controllers with separate guidance
for mechanical and non-mechanical engineers. It covers modules on Hacksaw aluminum
sections, design of chassis, grippers. For non-mechanical engineers, design of micro controllers
with different sensors and design of motor drivers are offered. The exercise includes practical
exposure to manufacturing, assembling and control of robots through software (pneumatic
simulation and Google sketch up. Around 10 faculties are involved in training the students.
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Some of the innovative and creative projects developed by our students include:
600 plus students have successfully completed their mini and major projects.
4. BIG-DATA (ANALYTICS)
BIG DATA center of excellence has been established with Big data appliances with multicore
SDMOS, DB SERVER, WEB SERVER and 30 client machines for training aspects. Students
are taught advanced oncepts of BIG DATA like Hadoop Distributed File System and
MapReduce framework. They get a hands on experience on setting up a Hadoop Cluster,
programming and Data Loading Techniques using Sqoop and Flume OOZIE and NoSql.
Few of the projects which have been executed by our students for various industrial
sectors include:
Data analysis on customer complaints
Criminal data set analysis
Log analysis
Social network data set analysis
Weather Dashboard
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5. MOBILE COMPUTING
350 plus students have successfully completed their mini and major projects.
Mobile computing center of excellence has been established with mobile application life
management tool suite and app development emulators for OEMs through Samsung, Nokia,
Google, Motorola. The 7-week training program includes installation of node.js, apache, SDK
by hard core industry experts from Nokia, Samsung. The training involves discussions related to
the pros and cons of different frameworks. High importance is given to app development. At the
end of the training program, students will be able to implement, test and launch the application
as their final project. Around 6 faculties are involved in training the students.
Some of the innovative projects done by our students include numerous mobile apps along
with number of gaming apps. Few worth mentioning as real time apps are:
6. Software Development
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JAVA is one of the most used programming languages in IT and software companies worldwide.
The training of Advance JAVA course introduces students to web Applications. JEE 6, JAVA
servlets, JAVA platform and programming skills. JAVA is everywhere on phones, embedded
technology, robotics, and applets. Due to the huge requirement and growing demand for
responsive web application development, JAVA professionals are in demand. Our training is
specially designed to let students become expert creators for network and web applications. A
trained student can join the industry as an Advance JAVA Developer, Advance JAVA
programmer, or an Advance JAVA Consultant.
This 78-hours course is designed for current developers who wish to upgrade to the latest Java 8.
Few of the projects on which students are trained/guided by experts from industry on
various domains:
Cloud Computing
Networking
Data Mining
Network Security
Software Engineering
.NET is in other words the future of web technology. Our training course focuses on
introduction to .NET, ADO.NET and ASP.NET. Students are being trained in Web Application
using ASP
.NET,Web services, Data Binding, State Management, IIS6 and IIS7 authorization. Few of the
projects implemented by our students are IEEE research based which are further extended to
innovative ideas.
The trainings in Embedded System technologies are related to Electronics, Electrical, Computer
and Mechanical fields. They offer set of tools to deal with the Design and Manufacturing issues
at commercial & industrial level.
Embedded systems
LCD,
7 segment displays
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LEDs
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Bluetooth technologies
GSM and RFID modules
Exposure to VSP software
LCD interfacing, programming
micro controllers,
Installation of required software
650 plus students have successfully completed their mini and major projects. Around
20 faculties are involved in training the students.
A hands on experience is provided on building up a research project kit for understanding the
implementation.
Following are few of the innovative and research projects designed and developed by our
students as part of major project:
8. Non-Destructive Evaluation
This center was established to study the quality assurance of aero space and nuclear engineering
materials. Basic NDT methods such as magnetic particle inspection, liquid penetrant test, visible
inspection and ultra sonic flaw detector are installed to study the various defects of metal
materials. This center is supported by department of atomic energy under Nuclear Fusion
programme and AICTE under RPS programme.
CNDE offers training to the students to get exposure in Non destructive testing and evaluation.
The course curriculum for design and development of real time projects consists of the
following methods:
500 plus students have successfully completed their mini and major projects. Around
15 faculties are involved in training the students.
Rs 29.55 Lakh & Rs 17 Lakh Research Grants have been funded by BRFST under DAE under
Nuclear Fusion Programme and AICTE respectively.
9. Baja SAE
BAJA SAE India is a National Level Inter-collegiate event where the objective is to provide
graduate students with a challenging project that helps them acquire design experience, hands-
on manufacturing skills and in-depth technical knowledge. The objective of the competition is
to build an All Terrain Vehicle which is supposed to compete in a series of off-road
competitions. The judges are veteran automotive engineers from GM, Cummins and John
Deere; putting students face-to- face with some of the most experienced people in the industry.
It provides an appropriate forum to gain unparalleled real world experience.
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GNI established centre for developing vehicles to be part of BAJA SAE and other national
level inter college events. In this project students learn and gain experience in designing,
machining, fabricating and financing real time reliable vehicle and also communicating
with vendors, suppliers and sponsors. SAE India Baja gives an exposure to various
automotive items.
Project Offered
Designing and Fabrication of All Terrain Vehicle
Two faculties provide guidance to the students. Twenty-four Mechanical Engineering students
associated with Team Wraith Racing completed this powerful training module. For four years
the team has been participating in the event SAE BAJA sponsored and hosted by automotive
giants such as Mahindra and Mahindra, Chevrolet.
350 plus students have successfully completed their mini and major projects. Around
8 faculties are involved in training the students.
3D PRINTING
Centre of Excellence for 3D Printing has been established in Guru Nanak Institutions in the
year 2013. 3D printing also known as Additive Manufacturing (AM) and Rapid Prototyping
(RP). 3D - printing realizes complex objects in layers directly from their CAD definitions. Two
higher end Fused Deposition Technology (FDT) printers installed in the center. These printers
consist of exceptional smart key features, such as dual extrusion, multi-material support, Wi-Fi
and ETHERNET, auto power lost recovery, touch screen, and leveling free.
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Toy making
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Statue making and sculpting
Furniture making
Defence equipment design and manufacturing
11. GEOMATICS
350 plus students have successfully completed their mini and major projects and around
8 faculties are involved in training the students.
GNI has established this center with an aim to train the students in the field of Remote Sensing,
GIS & Surveying. The students are being trained with the Arc-GIS software in the center. The
training covers wide applications on remote sensing, preparation of geo database and work on
Google earth, geo referencing.
Few of the real time projects where students have shown their skills are:
This center of excellence consists with 24 BENTLEYs Academic Perpetual offering Solution.
GNITC is the first institute to place entire range of products provided by Bentley Inc. USA. The
list of softwares include Structural solutions like STAAD Pro, 3D CAD design, MXROAD
(Transportation solutions), 3D IMAGING & MAPPING Solutions, BUILDING
INFORMATION MODELING solutions and WATER & WASTE WATER solutions.
These applications are useful for construction organizations. The students are trained on these
applications from second year to final year (i.e., all semesters) to enhance their computational
knowledge in the Civil Engineering and improve their employment opportunities.
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300 plus students have successfully completed their mini and major projects. Around
8 faculties are involved in training the students.
They learn extensively on 2D and 3D frame modeling, geometric tools, analysis and design of
circular dooms and 3D frames. Design of duplex building the students have been able to get
trained on the STAAD Pro software and work on real time projects like:
400 plus students have successfully completed their mini and major projects. Around
9 faculties are involved in training the students.
SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Guru Nanak Institutions has established solar power center of excellence with focus on
awareness of green power, to excel in research area of solar power and generate various
research applications as major projects for 4th year students.
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Working of charge controllers like MPPT & PWM
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Knowledge regarding the conversion from DC-DC to DC-AC at different levels
Usage of above parameters as knowledge base in fabrication of solar based projects.
DECODE IT-PARK
Digital Engineering Center for Offshore and Domestic Enterprise (DECODE) IT Park
India's First IT Park Within an Institute Campus Providing Part Time Employment to
Current Students & Full Time Employment to Passed out Engineers.
The GNI-EDC functions as a regular department and the communication network processes via
edc@gniindia.org
Gifteria- www.gifteria.co android app at play store GIFTERIA
Flush Farmers- in Association with agricultural and Marketing department of Telangana
State
Enlighten- a portal for Student Learning Engineering Course via ONLINE LECTURE
VIDEOS of GNI experts
MEDICAL STORE under Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi Kendra being charged by
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BPPI for GNI campus and common public
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GNI s Institutional DATABASE Startup for List of colleges and Universities under
AICTE and UGC for 40,000 Links
Blue Planet Herbs in association with HERITAGE for Promoting Green Wheat grass for
health
benefits
We at GNI, actively encourage students to take up tasks of courage and build on break
through ideas as they have several start up ideas. We are proud of the following creative
talents that have emerged.
This fabulous team has proven to be a challenging and successful platform for the Mechanical
Students of GNIT towards designing and fabricating various automobiles. The team takes part
in various design challenges organized by different organizations across the globe.
Gifteria
Gifteria is the first student venture into Make in India initiative in Booming technology
solutions. The venture aims to meet the exponential growing demands of online store for variety
gifts for every occasion. The team strives for launching all new GIFTERIA APP & WEB
PORTAL with advanced features.
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LEARNING IS A TREASURE THAT WILL FOLLOW ITS OWNER EVERY WHERE.
GNI IMPARTS THAT TREASURE.
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(D) IUCEE activities of the Campus:
Oracle Corporations Work Force Development Program (WDP) is a unique programme which
is utilized to address the skill shortage challenge in the global Information Technology Industry.
Oracle is providing training to faculty and students at low cost so that they are able to enhance
their skill sets. The students after undergoing this programme are more employable and become
tech savvy. The faculties on the other end learn new technologies and keep abreast with the
growing scenario.
This is a unique programme which is launched by Microsoft to help the academicians build
upon their knowledge on the new technology front. This is of significance importance as it
presents an opportunity for faculty members to build bridges with industry as well as network
with their peers. In addition, Faculty will be able to gain recognition from their peers as they get
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invited to attend this exclusive Symposium which is planned to be held annually.
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Topics Include:
Cloud Computing, Windows Phone, Windows 8, .NET, Developer Tools, Lync, SharePoint,
Office 365, Xbox 360+Kinect technology, Accessibility etc.
GNITC has tied up with Skill Matters for the development of its students. After these trainings
the students are more employable and this has been seen from the excellent track record of
placements for 2012 batch. Guru Nanak Institutions runs exclusive Center of Excellence with
Skill Matters which provides all the resources to its students to be more employable and more
effective in the turbulent times of economic turmoil and growth.
A. General:
1. Dress Code
Students should be dressed in a presentable manner. T-Shirts with round neck are not
allowed. Students have to follow the department dress code on Monday, Tuesday and
Wednesday.
2. Ragging and Indiscipline
Ragging is strictly banned / prohibited on campus. Any student who found guilty would
be dealt with severe punishments. All senior students of this college have been warned
about ragging, a written undertaking has been taken from all senior students. There is
zero tolerance for ragging. Students are advised to be aware of students of other
colleges. Students who misbehave with staff or other students will also be dealt with
severely. Students involving in indecent acts like smoking, consuming liquor and
involving in fights may be suspended up to one semester /academic year. Separate buses
will be provided for first year students.
3. College Timings
The College starts at 09:20 a.m. and ends at 04:10 p.m. with a 50 minutes break for the
First year / Third year students at 12;00 noon. andSecond year / Fourth year students at
12.50 p.m. Students should reach the college well before the time and must be in the
class by 09:20 a.m. Students should not move outside without permission when the class
work is in progress.
4. Bonafide Certificates
The Academic branch will issue bonafide certificates for bus passes and other purposes
to the college students.
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5 Bus Passes
Administrative officer will attest APSRTC bus pass applications. College bus Id-cards
will be issued by the transport in-charge.
6. Notices/Notice Boards
Students are expected to see the College notice boards, Department notice board and
Lab notice board regularly. The Main notice board is placed near the Administration
Building.
7. Original Certificates
The Original certificates of each student have to be deposited with the college and the
same will be returned after the completion of the course.
8. Memorandum of Marks
The memorandum of marks of a particular year / semester will be issued once they are
received from the University by the Examination branch at the respective Department
offices.
9. Intimation of Change of Address
Students are asked to intimate the change in Address / Phone number immediately, if
any, to the academic branch through their Class Mentor or HOD.
10. Wearing ID cards
Wearing ID cards is mandatory for all the students as long as they are in the college
premises. They will not be allowed to attend the classes and labs or write the
examinations without the identity cards.
11. Obtaining Gate Passes
Students found bunking classes or leaving the college without prior permission will not be
permitted to attend the classes the next day, till proper explanation is given by the
student and the parent / guardian to the concerned Head of the Department.
12. Ban on Usage of Mobile Phones
No student shall use the cell phone during instruction periods in the college campus. If
any student is found violating this rule, a stern disciplinary action will be taken. All
students are permitted to carry a simple mobile without any special features like camera,
MP3 or FM.
13. Absenteeism
No student shall absent from the class without prior permission of the HOD. If a student
is absent for three days continuously without reason/prior permission, disciplinary action
will be taken. The Student must submit leave application in advance to the HOD, if
he/she wants to go on leave for a day on some valid reason.
14. Electronic Items for Music and Entertainment
No musical gadgets shall be allowed in the college campus. If any student found using
such items, the items would be seized and severe disciplinary action will be initiated.
15. Discipline in Buses
The students must commute in the allocated buses. In case of emergency they will be
permitted to change route, with the permission of the concerned authority/bus in- charge.
If any student behavior is objectionable to the staff/ other students then suitable
disciplinary action will be taken. No student is permitted to travel without bus ID.
16. Late Comers
No student shall come late to the class. In case late to the class, the student may be
permitted to attend the class with the permission of the respective Department Head. If
the student is a regular late comer, appropriate disciplinary action will be taken.
17. Interaction with seniors
To curb the practice of ragging on the pretext of interaction, the junior students are
instructed not to meet the seniors and engage in any sort of conversation. The students
are instructed not to spend their time with the seniors even if they are known or related
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to them.
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18. Leave / Sick Leave
The student must intimate to the concerned HOD, the reason for being absent and submit
the medical certificate on the following day, if the absence is on medical grounds.
Disciplinary action will be initiated if any student is absent without any intimation to the
Class teacher/ HOD for more than three days.
19. Assignments / Lab Records Submission
The students are supposed to submit their Lab records and Assignments given by the
concerned faculty and get them corrected and graded in time. Late submission is not
accepted.
B. Attendance:
Attendance Requirements
A student shall be eligible to appear for University examinations if he/she acquires a
minimum of 75% of attendance in aggregate of all the subjects.
A student will not be promoted to the next semester unless he/she satisfies the
attendance requirement. They may seek re-admission for the corresponding class
when offered next.
Students whose shortage of attendance is not condoned are not eligible to take
their end examinations of that class and their registration shall stand cancelled.
C. Ragging:
Students should not involve in ragging. Ragging is uncivilized besides being an offence.
Ragging is prohibited as per Act 26 of A.P. Legislative Assembly -1997.
Ragging entails heavy fine and / or imprisonment.
Ragging invokes suspension and dismissal from the college
Outsiders are prohibited from entering the college and hostel without permission.
Girl students must be in their hostel rooms by 6:00pm.
Suspended students are debarred from entering the campus except when required
to attend enquiry and to submit an explanation.
Whenever any student complains of ragging, that complaint shall be enquired into
or an enquiry will be made into the same forthwith and if the complaint is found
true, the student or students complained against shall be suspended for a period as
may be deemed necessary.
Students have to give an undertaking to the college that he/she will not indulge in
ragging.
Students parent/guardian will also give an undertaking that he / she will see to it
that to the best of his / her son / daughter / ward will not indulge in ragging and
also comply with all the guidelines, rules and regulations concerning prevention of
ragging.
All students should carry identity cards with them both inside and outside the college.
Two tiered Anti Ragging Committee has been constituted with a) HODs as members
and Principal as Chairman (High Power Committee) and b) Faculty, Staff and senior
students as members.
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PROHIBITION OF RAGGING
Ragging within or outside any Educational Institution is prohibited.
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Ragging means doing an act which causes or is likely to cause insult or annoyance or
fear or apprehension or threat or intimidation or outrange of modesty or injury to a
student.
S.N
Nature of Ragging Punishment
o.
Teasing, embarrassing and Imprisonment upto 6 months or fine up
1
humiliating to Rs.1,000/-
Note:
A student convicted of any of the above offences will be dismissed from the college.
A student imprisoned for more than six months for any of the above offences will not
be admitted in any other college.
If a student commits suicide due to or in consequence of ragging, the person who
commits such ragging shall be deemed to have abetted such suicide.
The full text of Act 26 is placed in the college library.
D. Examinations:
Students are advised to refer the syllabus book given by the university to be aware of the
rules and regulations.
E. Malpractice:
Students should not indulge in any malpractice in the Internal/External examinations.
Malpractice cases are dealt as per the rules / guidelines as mentioned below by the JNT
University. A malpractice prevention committee consist the Principal, Head of the
Department of the concerned branch (to which malpractice student belongs), Officer In-
charge of Examinations and subject Teacher.
F. DSA activities
The department regularly organizes technical quiz, seminar, group discussions etc. as part of
promote curricular and extracurricular activities.
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52
DISCIPLINARY ACTION FOR MALPRACTICES/IMPROPER CONDUCT IN
EXAMINATIONS
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3. Impersonates any other candidate in The candidate who has impersonated shall
connection with the examination. be expelled from examination hall. The
candidate is also debarred and forfeits the
seat. The performance of the original
candidate, who has been impersonated,
shall be cancelled in all the subjects of the
examination (including practicals and
project work) already appeared and shall
not be allowed to appear for examinations
of the remaining subjects of that
semester/year. The candidate is also
debarred for two consecutive semesters
from class work and all University
examinations. The continuation of the
course by the candidate is subject to the
academic regulations in connection with
forfeiture of seat. If the imposter is an
outsider, he will be handed over to the
police and a case is registered against
him.
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4. Smuggles in the Answer book or additional Expulsion from the examination hall and
sheet or takes out or arranges to send out the cancellation of performance in that
question paper during the examination or subject and all the other subjects the
answer book or additional sheet, during or candidate has already appeared including
after the examination. practical examinations and project work
and shall not be permitted for the
remaining examinations of the subjects of
that semester/year. The candidate is also
debarred for two consecutive semesters
from class work and all University
examinations. The continuation of the
course by the candidate is subject to the
academic regulations in connection with
forfeiture of seat.
5. Uses objectionable, abusive or offensive Cancellation of the performance in that
language in the answer paper or in letters to subject.
the examiners or writes to the examiner
requesting
him to award pass marks.
6. Refuses to obey the orders of the Chief In case of students of the college, they
Superintendent/Assistant Superintendent / any shall be expelled from examination halls
officer on duty or misbehaves or creates and cancellation of their performance in
disturbance of any kind in and around the that subject and all other subjects the
examination hall or organizes a walk out or candidate(s) has (have) already appeared
instigates others to walk out, or threatens the and shall not be permitted to appear for
officer-in charge or any person on duty in or the remaining examinations of the
outside the examination hall of any injury to subjects of that semester/year. The
his person or to any of his relations whether candidates also are debarred and forfeit
by words, either spoken or written or by signs their seats. In case of outsiders, they will
or by visible representation, assaults the be handed over to the police and a police
officer- in-charge, or any person on duty in or case is registered against them.
outside the examination hall or any of his
relations, or indulges in any other act of
misconduct or mischief which result in
damage to or destruction of property in the
examination hall or any part of the College
campus or engages in any other act which in
the opinion of the officer on duty amounts to
use of unfair means or misconduct or has the
tendency to disrupt
the orderly conduct of the examination.
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7. Leaves the exam hall taking away answer Expulsion from the examination hall and
script or intentionally tears of the script or any cancellation of performance in that
part thereof inside or outside the examination subject and all the other subjects the
hall. candidate has already appeared including
practical examinations and project work
and shall not be permitted for the
remaining examinations of the subjects of
that semester/year. The candidate is also
debarred for 2 consecutive semesters from
class work and all University
examinations. The continuation of the
course by the candidate is subject to the
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academic regulations in connection with
forfeiture of seat.
8. Possess any lethal weapon or firearm in the Expulsion from the examination hall and
examination hall. cancellation of the performance in that
subject and all other subjects the
candidate has already appeared including
practical examinations and project work
and shall not be permitted for the
remaining examinations of the subjects of
that
semester/year. The candidate is also
debarred and forfeits the seat.
9. If student of the college, who is not a Student of the colleges expulsion from the
candidate for the particular examination or examination hall and cancellation of the
any person not connected with the college performance in that subject and all other
indulges in any malpractice or improper subjects the candidate has already
conduct mentioned in clause 6 to 8. appeared including practical examinations
and project work and shall not be
permitted for the remaining examinations
of the subjects of that semester/year. The
candidate is also debarred and forfeits the
seat.
Person(s) who do not belong to the
College will be handed over to police and
a police case will be registered against
them.
10. Comes in a drunken condition to the Expulsion from the examination hall and
examination hall. cancellation of the performance in that
subject and all other subjects the
candidate has already appeared including
practical examinations and project work
and shall not be permitted for the
remaining examinations of the subjects of
that
semester/year.
11. Copying detected on the basis of internal Cancellation of the performance in that
evidence, such as, during valuation or special subject and all other subjects the
scrutiny. candidate has appeared including practical
examinations and project work of that
semester/year examinations.
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Malpractices Identified by Squad or Special Invigilators
G. Computer Labs
Students should leave their footwear outside before entering into the computer lab.
Students should not enter the computer lab with the personal belongings, like bags etc
Students should maintain silence and cleanliness in the computer lab.
H. Laboratories:
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MISCELLANEOUS
Students are expected to be punctual and regular to the lab classes and follow the lab dress code.
Students are expected to carry out all the experiments prescribed by the University.
They will not be permitted to attend the end practical examinations unless they carry
out the minimum number of experiments prescribed by the University.
They should attend the lab fully prepared, with clear concept of the theory underlying
the experiment and other experimental details with a pre-plan on how to carry out the
experiment, after consulting the lab manual.
Observation notebooks should be neatly maintained.
Experiments must be recorded only in the books approved by the departments / college.
Observation notebook should be compulsorily shown to the teacher in charge of the
lab and got signed by the teacher at the end of the experiment.
Records must be submitted as per the schedule prescribed by the teacher in charge of
the lab.
Records must be got certified before appearing for the end examinations.
Student should not move from one table to another.
Student should handover the equipment to the technician in good condition before
leaving the lab.
Students should maintain utmost cleanliness in the lab.
Breakages / damages of equipment should be reported immediately to the lab in- charge.
Students are advised to clear all dues to the lab before taking end practical
examinations to avoid complications at a later date.
Laboratory session marks will be awarded on the basis of continuous evaluation.
They should clear the work bench soon after the experiment is over.
Waste material, if any, should not be strewn on the floor of the laboratory. Students
should use the waste material baskets kept for the purpose.
Experiments should be carried out following all the instructions meticulously and
observing all the precautions to avoid personal injuries and damage to equipment.
I. Undertaking from Students and Parents:
Students and their parents / guardians should execute an undertaking in the prescribed
format that they shall abide by all the rules and regulations of the college. Even before
executing an undertaking, a student who has taken admission in this Institute shall be
deemed to have agreed to the rules and regulations of the Institute as given in this
handbook and also that may be framed from time to time.
J. Letters to Parents:
Parents will be communicated of the performance of their son / daughter / ward in
attendance and examinations through letters from time to time. The parents are also
contacted by HOD/ Class Mentor as and when required. The parents are expected to
keep in touch with the Class Mentor/HOD and monitor the academic progress of their
ward. In case of poor academic performance and/or attendance, the student and the
parent/guardian should promptly respond to and comply with the reports and
suggestions for improvement as and when informed.
K. Hostel:
Rules of Admission
Students who join the hostel should pay the prescribed admission fee and caution
deposit at the time of admission.
Admission shall be made only after clearing all the dues to the college and previous
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dues (if any) to the hostel.
Separate Identity Card will be issued to every hosteller.
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The college gives a lot of importance to the industry institute interaction. To achieve this, the
college organizes industrial fairs, seminars, research projects and also organizes field trips for
the benefit of the students. This initiative encourages students and also offers them a firsthand
learning experience. Placement cell is actively working and interacting with corporate
organizations to understand and analyze the skill sets required in different sectors to bridge the
gap between industrial recruitments and academics.
IX. LIBRARY
The library has 57,600 volumes of books and 13,150 of titles. The Campus has subscribed 225
IEEE Journals/magazines and 187 Indian Journals/magazines. Reference books are also
provided in the library. Also, large number of E-Books, NPTEL and SONET CDs are available
for all subjects.
Rules & Regulations for the Central Library & Information Centre are as follows
Student should compulsorily carry their identity cards to the Library.
Students should enter their roll number and sign in the Gate register before entering
the Library.
Printed matter and personal belongings such as books, bags, or any other materials
should not be carried into the Library. They should be kept on the Property Counters
provided at the entrance of the Library; if they are carried inside the Library, they will
be confiscated and treated as library property.
Strict silence should be maintained inside the library.
Cell phones are not allowed into the library.
Students shall not misplace books from their positions in the racks.
No books will be issued without producing Identity Cards.
The student can barrow the books for a period of 14 days, failure to return the books
within the time will attract penalty as mentioned bellow:
For first 7 days @ 1.00/- per day
For the next 3 weeks @ 2.00/-per day
After 4 weeks, card will be cancelled for one semester.
The Librarian, at his discretion, may not reissue until some days the returned book to
the same student.
Books will not be issued or renewed for the same student if there is a demand for
the book.
Number of books to be lent 03 per Student.
Students must check the physical condition of the books before borrowing. The last
borrower will be held responsible for any damage or mutilation noticed at the time
of return of books.
Borrowed books are not permitted to be taken inside the library unless they are to
be returned.
If the borrowed book is damaged or lost, the student shall be liable. He/she shall
replace the book or pay double the value of the book immediately, along with the
fine payable.
Reference books and periodicals are not issued.
The Librarian may take appropriate action on any student under intimation to the
Principal, if found misbehaving in the library.
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The infringement of the Library rules shall make the student forfeit the privileges of
membership of the Library, in addition to the action taken as per the disciplinary
rules of the college.
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Book Bank Scheme
The scheme runs on the premise that each student requires at least one textbook for each
subject throughout his/her 4 years of study. Many students buy the books from the market,
which is an expensive proposition.
The scheme involves taking reasonable discounted amount towards (for B.Tech. students
only) at the time of admission in I year, which is non refundable
Working of the Scheme
The Campus Director, Associate Director, Department Heads and faculty have carefully
chosen the best books for the maximum benefit of the students. The books thus purchased are
put in the library and issued to each student (one set) for a period of one year / semester. At the
end of the year/semester the student has to return all the books. Then next year / semester
textbooks will be issued.
Benefits to Students
a) The system of one-time payment ensures availability of best text books for each subject
throughout his/her four years of study.
b) Books are handed over to him at his/her college only.
c) The presence of textbook for all time under his possession will improve his
performance in internal and external examinations.
d) No need to spend time and money in buying books from market at higher prices and
with difficulties.
Digital Library
Digital Library consists of e-text books, ppts, lectures of IIT professors. This facility is
much useful for both students and faculty members
X. STUDENT ACTIVITIES
Fresher s Day
The college organizes Freshers Day where the II year students welcome Freshers. The
Principal and Department Heads will grace the occasion. Second Year students will organize
cultural events and conduct competitions for freshers.
Annual Day
Annual Day is celebrated in a grand manner. Chief Guest is invited from Industry, R &
D Institutions or reputed Universities. Principal/Director presents the annual report of the
college for the academic year.
IGNITE (Technical Fest)
Apart from paper presentations the college has conducted other events such as Auto- Expo,
Model Presentation, Photo Shot, Treasure Hunt, and Riddle Solving and so on. This year the
college is proud to have Cultural Fest by renowned international singers and dancers. The flash
mob by our students was a big success in Hyderabad.
Felicitations
Academic prizes are given for department wise toppers in semester exams and to the
students who have secured more than 80% in Examinations. Prizes are distributed to the
winners in different activities like sports, cultural, games, circular, and co-circular events.
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Sports Events
Outdoor events like Cricket, Foot ball, Volley ball for boys & Throw ball, Tennikoit for
girls are held. Indoor events like Chess, Table Tennis, and Caroms at College level may be held
once in every month and also for Annual Day.
Cultural Events
Competitions like Painting, T-Shirt Painting, Quiz, Rangoli and Mehendi are conducted.
Literary Events
Competitions like Essay writing, Elocution, Debate, Group discussion, Quiz, Dumb
Charades are conducted
Extra-Curricular Events
Events like painting, flower-arrangement, card-board arrangement, vegetable carving,
classroom decoration etc., are held as part of Annual Day celebrations.
Work Shops & Student Paper Presentation Contests
The College has also been very active in organizing Workshops, Student Paper Contests
like Techno Fest, and Project exhibitions like Innovations.
Student Seminars
Students are encouraged to prepare and present seminars in subjects in the scheduled
hours given in the Time Table by using LCD Projector and PowerPoint presentations.
Symposium
College organizes Symposia to encourage, inspire and challenge students by inviting
eminent personalities like renowned Academicians, Researchers, Scientists, CEOs, and
important Government Officials and Politicians.
Training
Industry-academia interaction has made our education being more industry specific, guided and
structured by different industries. The placement cell conducts short term value added courses
(like J2EE, GIS, .Net, Testing tools, embedded systems etc.) in the vacation for interested
students.
Industrial and Study Tours
Local industrial visits are arranged for II and III Year students. Outstation Industrial
tours will be permitted for final years only during the semester break.
Guest Lectures
Eminent personalities from Research, Industry and Academics are invited to enrich the
knowledge of the students with latest technology.
Professional Societies / Student Chapters
Todays industry and other organizations providing career opportunities look for the
following capabilities in students
Latest knowledge in their respective fields and knowledge about related fields
Communication skills, interactive skills and professional acquaintances
Technical writing skills
There are a couple of societies related to each discipline / branch where students can
become members to achieve above capabilities. These societies organize lectures,
seminars, workshops, and conferences for students and professionals. These societies
publish magazines and journals with latest knowledge, which they send to the students
at their addresses as a part of membership package. These publications are monthly /
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quarterly / half-yearly and annual. It is beneficial for students to become members of
these societies.
S.
Branch Name of the Institution
No.
1. Computer Society of India (CSI)
2. Indian Society for Technical Education (ISTE)
1 CSE 3. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
4. Institution of Engineers India (IE)
1. Computer Society of India (CSI)
2. Indian Society for Technical Education (ISTE)
2 IT
3. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
4. Institution of Engineers India (IE)
1. Institute of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers (IETE)
2.Indian Society for Technical Education (ISTE)
3 ECE
3.Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
4.Institution of Engineers India (IE)
1. Institution of Engineers (IE)
4 EEE 2. Indian Society for Technical Education (ISTE)
3. Institution of Engineers India (IE)
1. Institution of Engineers (IE)
2. Indian Society for Technical Education (ISTE)
5 ME 3. Society of Automobile Engineering (SAE)
4. Mechanical Engineering Association (MEA)
5. Institution of Engineers India (IE)
1. Indian Society for Technical Education (ISTE)
6. AE 2. Aeronautical Society of India (ASI)
3. Institution of Engineers India (IE)
1. Indian Society for Technical Education (ISTE)
2. Civil Engineering Students Association (CESA)
7. CE
3. Help In Time Association (HITA)
4. Institution of Engineers India (IE)
1. Acoustical Society of India Hyderabad Chapter (ASI-H)
8. H&S
2. Andhra Pradesh Society for Mathematical Sciences(APSMS)
9 Pharmacy Indian Pharmaceutical Association (Student Forum)
NSS:
NSS Unit was started at this college on 02.09.2002 under the approval of JNTU.
Programmes being conducted are
Blood Donation Camp
Aids Awareness Camp
Village Survey
Free Medical Camp
Hygiene & Cleanliness Awareness Program in nearby villages etc.
Save Water and Trees
Tree Plantation
Alumni Association:
College maintains a database of all students recruitments, higher studies abroad and in Indian
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Universities through regular interaction over E mail, Social Networking and Group mailing etc.
The college conducts an alumni meet in even semester every year.
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XI. CONTACT INFORMATION
Contact Information:
Website Address : http://www.gniindia.org
E-mail : gnes_hyd@yahoo.com
Phone Number : 08414 or 958414
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XII. COMMITTEES
Various Committees have been constituted to streamline the administration of the entire
institution. These committees, in consultation with the Principal, plan and execute various
programs for the smooth functioning and the general development of the institution. Committee
members are drawn from both the teacher and student community. Student members are
nominated by the respective Department Heads based on academic record of the students. The
following committees have been constituted for the ongoing academic year:
COMMITTEE
Grievance
Women s Empowerment Professional Active
10 11 12 &Students
Committee Committee
Redressal Committee
Staff Grievance redressal Internal Quality
13 14 15 Sports Committee
Committee Assurance Committee
Entrepreneurship
Career Guidance
16 Library Committee 17 18 Development
Committee
Committee
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XIII. MENTORS
Phone
S.No Year Section Name of the Mentor Email Id
Number
1 Mr. T. V. Seshi Reddy 9963838757
1 Mech17section1.gnitc@gmail.com
2 Mr. M. Sarath Chandra 9948244156
3 Mr. CH. Jeevan Kumar 9959864515
2
4 Mr. V. Shyamu 9393869232 Mech17section2.gnitc@gmail.com
5 Mr. Avisek tripathy 9861269009
3
6 II Mr. K Ekanath 9014887010 Mech17section3.gnitc@gmail.com
7 Ms. Maimuna Siddiqui 7416664032
4
8 Mr. K. Srinivas 9533887585 Mech17section4.gnitc@gmail.com
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XIV. GNI ACADEMIC CALENDER
The Proposed Academic Calendar for IV year B .Tech. - I Sem. (Regular) for the
Academic year 2019-20 is given below
For the Course of B. Tech IV yr I sem :
** Mid-Term examinations are to be conducted during both (Forenoon and Afternoon) sessions
and they are to be completed within 3 working days as per the schedule given above.
No. of Working days: 96 [excluding the Govt. holidays, Sundays & Exam dates.]
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PART B: DEPARTMENT INFORMATION
(Syllabus, PEOs, POs, CEOs, COs, Teaching Schedules & Assignments Etc.)
The department of Mechanical Engineering was established in the year 2003, offering under
graduate and post graduate programs with the annual intake of 300 & 18 students respectively.
The prime objective course is to provide students with a sound mechanical engineering
education, advance the understanding and application of mechanical engineering principles.
The department is accredited by NBA, NAAC for its excellent infrastructure and facilities. The
Department provides facilities for students to learn soft skills and achieve holistic personality.
Majority of the faculty members are actively involved in research activities in the fields of their
specialization. They have published a good number of research papers in International /
National Journals and International / National Conferences. The faculty in the department
interacts closely with industry enabling the graduates completely successful not only at the
national level but also at the global level. Nano technology, Vibration and Stability of Fluid
conveying pipes and Exhaust emission analysis of Dual fuel engines are the thrust areas of
research.
III. HIGHLIGHTS:
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Teaching methodology involves technical case studies, creative exercises, online assignments
& descriptive tests.
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E-Class rooms
Industry focused knowledge is imparted by R & D and Industry peer
members.
Digital Library
Tie up with MNC companies and Foreign Universities.
State-of-art laboratories, sophisticated equipment and advanced
software.
Library is equipped with National and International Journals,
50000 volumes and more than 7500 titles of books, NPTEL,
SONET CDs and internet lab for students and staff.
IEEE Online Journals and IEL Online journals
through AICTE INDEST CONSORTIUM.
Wi-Fi campus with 12 Mbps bandwidth.
State of art English Language Lab and 800 computers
connected with dedicated high- end servers.
Scholarship and free books for meritorious students.
Book Bank Scheme facility to the students.
A new and unique Laptop lab with latest configuration. Most of
the classrooms are fixed with LCDs and screens.
All major Professional Societies Student Chapters like ISTE, SAE,
CSI, IETE and IEEE etc.
IV. FACULTY
The faculty in the Department consists of Senior and well experienced
Professors, Associate Professors and Assistant Professors with Ph. D. / M.
Tech qualifications. An experienced System Administrator and well-
qualified Lab staff support the conduct of Laboratories
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Date of
Sl.No Name of the faculty Designation Contact No.
Joining
Professor
1 Dr. M Ramalinga Reddy 15-Nov-16 9248727200
&Director
Professor, Dean
2 Dr. G. Sankaranarayanan 08-Jan-18 9444366717
& HOD 1
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V. PEOs, POs, MAPPING:
Programme Educational Objectives (PEOs)
Programme Educational Objectives (PEOs) of Mechanical Engineering
Department are as below mentioned
Programme Outcomes:
Program outcomes are narrower statements that describe what students are expected to
know and be able to do by the time of graduation. These relate to the skills, knowledge,
and behaviors. Engineering programs must demonstrate that their students attain t h e
following out comes.
1. Engineering Knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering
fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering problems.
2. Problem Analysis: Identify, formulate, research literature, and analyze complex engineering
problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics, natural sciences,
and engineering sciences.
3. Design/development of Solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems and design
system components or processes that meet t h e specified needs with appropriate consideration for the
public health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and environmental considerations.
4. Conduct Investigations of Complex Problems: Use research-based knowledge and research
methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis of the
information to provide valid conclusions.
5. Modern Tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern
engineering and IT tools including prediction and modelling to complex engineering activities with
an understanding of the limitations.
6. The Engineer and Society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to assess
societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to the
professional engineering practice.
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7. Environment and Sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional engineering solutions
in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for sustainable
development.
8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms
of the engineering practice.
9. Individual and Team Work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in
diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
10. Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the
engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and write
effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive clear
instructions.
11. Project Management and Finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the
engineering and management principles and apply these to ones own work, as a member and leader
in a team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.
12. Life-long Learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to engage in
independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological change.
Program Specific outcomes ( PSO)
13. An ability to explore the opportunities for the development of renewable energy like Solar, Wind
mill, alternative fuels etc in the functioning of Mechanical engineering systems.
14. An ability to design automobile parts and components on CAD /CAM and apply their knowledge in
manufacturing, fabricating and assembling of automobile specially for All Terrain Vehicle (ATV),
GO-Kart, and so on by in-corporating 3D scanning & Printing, Non Destructive Testing [NDT] etc.
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GURU NANAK INSTITUTIONS TECHNICAL CAMPUS
(AUTONOMOUS)
OBJECTIVES:
To explain the concepts of Non-renewable and renewable energy systems
To outline utilization of renewable energy sources for both domestic and industrial applications
To analyse the environmental and cost economics of renewable energy sources in comparison
with fossil fuels.
OUTCOMES:
Understanding of renewable energy sources
UNIT-I: Global and National Energy Scenario: Over view of conventional & renewable energy
sources, need & development of renewable energy sources, types of renewable energy systems,
Future of Energy Use, Global and Indian Energy scenario, Renewable and Non-renewable Energy
sources, Energy for sustainable development, Potential of renewable energy sources, renewable
electricity and key elements, Global climate change, CO 2 reduction potential of renewable energy-
concept of Hybrid systems.
UNIT-II: Solar Energy: Solar energy system, Solar Radiation, Availability, Measurement and
Estimation, Solar Thermal Conversion Devices and Storage, Applications Solar Photovoltaic
Conversion solar photovoltaic, solar thermal, applications of solar energy systems.
UNIT-III: Wind Energy: Wind Energy Conversion, Potential, Wind energy potential measurement,
Site selection, Types of wind turbines, Wind farms, wind Generation and Control. Nature of the wind,
power in the wind, factors influencing wind, wind data and energy estimation, wind speed
monitoring, classification of wind, characteristics, applications of wind turbines, offshore wind
energy Hybrid systems, wind resource assessment, Betz limit, site selection, wind energy
conversion devices. Wind mill component design, economics and demand side management, energy
wheeling, and energy banking concepts. Safety and environmental aspects, wind energy potential and
installation in India.
UNIT-IV : Biogas: Properties of biogas (Calorific value and composition), biogas plant technology
and status, Bio energy system, design and constructional features. Biomass resources and their
classification, Biomass conversion processes, Thermo chemical conversion, direct combustion,
biomass gasification, pyrolysis and liquefaction, biochemical conversion, anaerobic digestion, types
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of biogas Plants, applications, alcohol production from biomass, bio diesel production, Urban waste
to energy conversion, Biomass energy programme in India.
UNIT-V: Ocean Energy: Ocean wave energy conversion, principle of Ocean Thermal Energy
Conversion (OTEC), ocean thermal power plants, tidal energy conversion, Tidal and wave energy its
scope and development, Scheme of development of tidal energy.
a. Small hydro Power Plant: Importance of small hydro power plants and their Elements, types of
turbines for small hydro, estimation of primary and secondary power.
b. Geothermal Energy: Geothermal power plants, various types, hot springs and steam ejection.
References:
1. Power plant technology by J Wakhil
2. Non-Conventional Energy Sources by G.D Rai
3. Solar Energy - Principles of thermal collection and storage S. P.Sukhatme
4. Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes J. A. Duffie and W. A.Beckman
5. Biomass Regenerable Energy D. D. Hall and R. P. Grover.
6. Twidell, J.W. and Weir, A., Renewable Energy Sources, EFN SponLtd., 1986.
7. Kishore VVN, Renewable Energy Engineering and Technology, Teri Press, New Delhi, 2012
8. Peter Gevorkian, Sustainable Energy Systems Engineering, McGraw Hill,2007
9. Kreith, F and Kreider, J. F., Principles of Solar Engineering, McGraw- Hill, 1978.
10. Godfrey Boyle, Renewable Energy, Power for a Sustainable Future, Oxford University Press,
U.K, 1996.
11. Veziroglu, T.N., Alternative Energy Sources, Vol 5 and 6, McGraw- Hill, 1990
12. Anthony San Pietro, Biochemical and Photosynthetic aspects of Energy Production, Academic
Press, 1980.
13. Bridgurater, A.V., Thermochemical processing of Biomass, Academic Press, 1981.
14. Bent Sorensen , Renewable Energy, Elsevier, Academic Press, 2011
83
Consolidated unit wise lesson plan
SU SUBJECT RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS ( Code: ME0751)
FACULTY Mr. B. BHASKAR
CHAPTERS
UNIT TOPIC No of Classes
B1 B2 B3 B4 B5
IV Biogas 4 6 2 08
Ocean Energy
V a. Small hydro Power Plant 4. 8 6 2 13
b. Geothermal Energy
Contact classes for syllabus coverage 64
Lectures beyond syllabus 02
Special Descriptive Tests 02
Tutorial classes 10
Remedial classes 02
Total No. of classes 80
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
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Explains the concept of various forms of renewable energy Analyze the environmental and cost economics of
using renewable energy sources compared to fossil fuels Compare different renewable energy technologies and
choose the most appropriate based on local conditions Describe the main components of different renewable
energy systems Determine the requirements for interconnecting a renewable electrical energy system to the
utility electric power grid
COURSE OUTCOMES:
S.NO DESCRIPTION
1. Global and National Energy Scenario: Over view of conventional & renewable energy sources,
need & development of renewable energy sources, types of renewable energy systems
2. Describe the use of solar energy solar energy system, Radiation, Availability, Measurement and
Estimation, Solar Thermal Conversion Devices and Storage, Applications Solar Photovoltaic
Conversion solar photovoltaic, solar thermal, applications of solar energy systems.
3. Need of Wind Energy, generation, classification, various components used in energy generation
various applications & safety measures.
4. Need of Wind Energy, generation, classification, various components used in energy generation
various applications & safety measures.
5. Explain about the exploration of nonconventional energy resources like geothermal, OTEC, tidal
energies and their effective tapping technologies various types & its developments.
Sr. PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2
No.
1 CO1 3 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1
2 CO2 3 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1
3 CO3 3 3 2 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 2
4 CO4 3 3 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1
5 CO5 2 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 1
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Renewable Energy Sources
Question Bank
PART A
UNIT-I
1. Define altitude angle, zenith angle and Azimuth angle. (R13 May 2017)
ANS :
The altitude angle is defined as the angle is measured between an imaginary line between the
observer and the sun and the horizontal plane the observer is standing on.
The solar zenith angle is the angle between the zenith and the centre of the Sun's disc.
The Azimutal angle is defined as a horizontal angle measured clockwise from a north base line or
meridian
2. Why do use pyranometer and its uses? (R13 May 2017)
ANS :
A pyranometer is a type of actinometer used for measuring solar irradiance on a planar surface and it
is designed to measure the solar radiation flux density (W/m2) from the hemisphere above within a
wavelength range 0.3 μm to 3 μm.
Thermopile pyranometers are frequently used in meteorology, climatology, climate change research
Thermopile pyranometers are frequently used in building engineering physics.
Thermopile pyranometers are frequently used in photo voltaic systems
3. Explain the solar spectral irradiance in detail. (R13 May 2015)
Ans:-
The spectral irradiance as a function of photon wavelength (or energy), denoted by F, is the most common
way of characterizing a light source. It gives the power density at a particular wavelength. The units of
spectral irradiance are in Wm-2µm-1. The Wm-2 term is the power density at the wavelength λ(µm).
Therefore, the m-2 refers to the surface area of the light emitter and the µm-1 refers to the wavelength of
interest.
In the analysis of solar cells, the photon flux is often needed as well as the spectral irradiance. The spectral
irradiance can be determined from the photon flux by converting the photon flux at a given wavelength to
W/m2 as shown in the section on Photon Flux. The result is then divided by the given wavelength, as
shown in the equation below.
F(λ)=ΦE1Δλ in SI unitsF(λ)=ΦE1Δλ in SI units
The primary instrument used to measure global solar irradiance is the pyranometer, which measures the
sun’s energy coming from all directions in the hemisphere above the plane of the instrument directions in
the hemisphere above the plane of the instrument The measurement is of the sum of the direct and the
diffuse solar irradiance and is called the global solar irradiance.
4. Briefly explain the role and potential of new and renewable energy with reference to India (April
2014)
Ans:-
Renewable energy is generally defined as energy that comes from resources which are naturally
replenished on a human timescale such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves and geothermal heat.
India has a vast supply of renewable energy resources, and it has one of the largest programs in the
world for deploying renewable energy products and systems. Indeed, it is the only country in the
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world to have an exclusive ministry for renewable energy development, the Ministry of Non-
Conventional Energy Sources (MNES).
The demand-supply gap, especially as population increases.
A large untapped potential.
Concern for the environment.
The need to strengthen Indias energy security.
Pressure on high-emission industry sectors from their shareholders.
A viable solution for rural electrification.
Sources and scope of renewable energy available in India: What are the renewable energies in the
Indian market?
Solar Energy
5. What is a solar constant. Differentiate direct and diffused solar radiation? (May 2012)
Ans:-
Direct radiation" is also sometimes called "beam radiation" or "direct beam radiation". It is used to
describe solar radiation traveling on a straight line from the sun down to the surface of the earth.
"Diffuse radiation", on the other hand, describes the sunlight that has been scattered by molecules and
particles in the atmosphere but that has still made it down to the surface of the earth.
Direct radiation has a definite direction but diffuse radiation is just going any which way. Because
when the radiation is direct, the rays are all travelling in the same direction, an object can block them
all at once. This is why shadows are only produced when direct radiation is blocked.
6. Explain the construction and operation of any two instruments used for measuring. Solar radiation?
( May 2013)
Ans:-
There are two important types of instruments to measure solar radiation:
Pyrheliometer is used to measure direct beam radiation at normal incidence. ...
Pyranometer is used to measure total hemispherical radiation - beam plus diffuse - on a horizontal
surface. ...
Photoelectric sunshine recorder
8.Explain the construction and operation of any two instruments used for measuring.Solarradiation.
( May 2013 )
ANS :
87
Types of Solar Radiation
Solar radiation instruments may be produced to measure different types of solar energy. When
sunlight encounters the Earth's atmosphere, some of it is absorbed or scattered by water vapor,
aerosols, clouds, and other air molecules. The radiation which penetrates to the Earth's surface is
termed direct solar radiation. Conversely, the radiation which scatters out of the direct beam is
referred to as diffuse radiation. The sum of direct and diffuse solar radiation is global solar radiation.
Global solar radiation is sometimes referred to as "sun+sky" radiation.
Pyranometers
Pyranometers measure hemispherical solar irradiance, or broadband solar radiation within a 180-
degree field of view; this may be considered the global solar radiation of a given hemisphere. A
typical analog pyranometer does not require power to operate and consists of a thermopile sensor
beneath a glass dome. The thermopile absorbs all the solar radiation which encounters it and
generates a small, proportional output voltage. Pyranometers are typically used on or near solar
panels to facilitate optimum panel positioning.
9. What is a solar constant. Differentiate direct and diffused solar radiation?(May 2012)
Ans:-
The solar constant, a measure of flux density, is the mean solar electromagnetic radiation (the solar
irradiance) per unit area that would be incident on a plane perpendicular to the rays, at a distance of
one astronomical unit (AU) from the Sun (roughly the mean distance from the Sun to the Earth). The
solar constant includes all types of solar radiation, not just the visible light. It is measured by satellite
as being 1.361 kilowatts per square meter (kW/m²) at solar minimum and approximately 0.1% greater
(roughly 1.362 kW/m²) at solar maximum.[1] The solar "constant" is not a physical constant in the
modern CODATA scientific sense; that is, it is not like the Planck constant or the speed of light,
which are absolutely constant in physics. The solar constant is merely an average of the actually
varying value. It has been shown to vary in the past 400 years over a range of less than 0.2 percent.
10.Explain the solar spectral irradiance in detail
Ans:-
Solar irradiance is the power per unit area received from the Sun in the form of electromagnetic
radiation in the wavelength range of the measuring instrument. The solar irradiance integrated over
time is called solar irradiation, insolation, or solar exposure. However, insolation is often used
interchangeably with irradiance in practice.
The spectral irradiance as a function of photon wavelength (or energy), denoted by F, is the most
common way of characterising a light source. It gives the power density at a particular wavelength.
The units of spectral irradiance are in Wm-2µm-1. The Wm-2 term is the power density at the
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wavelength λ (µm). Therefore, the m-2 refers to the surface area of the light emitter and the µm-1
refers to the wavelength of interest.
11. Explain the working of sun shine recorder with a neat sketch? (May 2013)
Ans:
Sunshine recorder essentially consists of a glass sphere mounted in a spherical bowl and a metallic
groove which holds a record card. Sun's rays are refracted and focused sharply on the record card
beneath the glass sphere, leaving burnt marks on the card.
12. Briefly describe the impact of solar power on environment ( April 2014)
Ans:
The potential environmental impacts associated with solar power land use and habitat loss, water
use, and the use of hazardous materials in manufacturing can vary greatly depending on the
technology, which includes two broad categories: photovoltaic (PV) solar cells or concentrating solar
thermal plants (CSP).
13. Explain Extraterrestrial and terrestrial solar radiation? (May 2012)
Ans:
Extraterrestrial radiation is the intensity (power) of the sun at the top of the Earth's atmosphere. It is
usually expressed in irradiance units (Watts per square meter) on a plane normal to the sun.
Solar radiation is a term used to describe visible and near-visible (ultraviolet and near-infrared)
radiation emitted from the sun. ... Terrestrial radiation is a term used to describe infrared radiation
emitted from the atmosphere.
14. Explain the construction and operation of any two instruments used for measuring. Solar
radiation. ( April 2014)
Ans:-
Pyranometer:
It is a type of actinometer used for measuring solar irradiance on a planar surface and it is designed to
measure the solar radiation flux density (W/m2) from the hemisphere above within a wavelength
range 0.3 μm to 3 μm. A typical analog pyranometer does not require power to operate and consists of
a thermopile sensor beneath a glass dome. The thermopile absorbs all the solar radiation which
encounters it and generates a small, proportional output voltage. Pyranometers are typically used on
or near solar panels to facilitate optimum panel positioning
Pyrheliometers:
Pyrheliometers are similar to pyranometers, but they are designed to measure only direct beam solar
irradiance. To this end they are occasionally used in identical pyranometer applications, but are also
used with solar tracking systems to ensure the system is consistently aimed toward the sun. The
device itself is often mounted directly on the tracking system so that it is always measuring direct
beam sunlight.
Sunlight enters pyrheliometers through an integral lens, which projects sunlight onto a thermocouple
within the device. Most pyrheliometers can convert a thermopile's small voltage output into watts per
square meter and either output or record this data.
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UNIT-II
ANS :
Unlike regular greenhouses, solar greenhouses enable gardeners to grow out-of-season vegetables and
fruits since the solar greenhouses retain solar heat. Solar greenhouses are normally oriented towards
the south in order to maximize heat absorption. Economical and sustainable, these types of
greenhouses are also enhanced with fans to maintain an even temperature, preventing the plants from
becoming overheated. Their function is primarily to deliver water and store and harvest plants.
According to botanists, solar greenhouses can last forever, as long as theyre probably cared for.
3.Describe the basic components of flat plate collector with a neat sketch?(May 2012)
Ans:-
The flat-plate solar collectors are probably the most fundamental and most studied technology for
solar-powered domestic hot water systems. The overall idea behind this technology is pretty simple.
The Sun heats a dark flat surface, which collect as much energy as possible, and then the energy is
transferred to water, air, or other fluid for further use.
These are the main components of a typical flat-plate solar collector:
Black surface - absorbent of the incident solar energy
o Glazing cover - transparent layer that transmits radiation to the absorber, but prevents radiative
and convective heat loss from the surface
o Tubes containing heating fluid to transfer the heat from the collector
o Insulation covering sides and bottom of the collector to reduce heat losses
4.Differentiate flat plate collector and parabolic collector with their salient features (April 2012)
Ans:-
parabolic trough is a type of solar thermal collector that is straight in one dimension and curved as a
parabola in the other two, lined with a polished metal mirror. The energy of sunlight which enters the
mirror parallel to its plane of symmetry is focused along the focal line, where objects are positioned
that is intended to be heated. the mirror is oriented so that sunlight which it reflects is concentrated on
the tube, which contains a fluid which is heated to a high temperature by the energy of the sunlight.
The hot fluid can be used for many purposes. Often, it is piped to a heat engine, which uses the heat
energy to drive machinery or to generate electricity. This solar energy collector is the most common
and best known type of parabolic trough.
5. Explain the various configurations for the concentrating collectors.
Ans:-
90
There are four basic types of concentrating collectors
Parabolic trough system
Parabolic dish
Power tower
Stationary concentrating collectors
6.Explain the working of solar concentrator (April 2013)
Ans:-
A solar concentrator uses lenses, called Fresnel lenses, which take a large area of sunlight and direct it
towards a specific spot by bending the rays of light and Focusing them. Some people use the same
principle when they use a magnifying lens to focus the Sun's rays on a pile of kindling or paper to
start fires.
7. Explain the thermal analysis of flat plate collector with necessary equations? (May
2013)
Ans:
Figure shows the schematic of a typical solar system employing a flat plate solar collector and a
storage tank.
Typical solar energy collection system If I is the intensity of solar radiation, in W/m2 , incident on the
aperture plane of the solar collector having a collector surface area of A, m 2 , then the amount of
solar radiation received by the collector is:
Qi=I*A
8. With the aid of neat sketch classify flat plate collectors for water/air heating. (April 2012)
Ans:-
Flat plate collectors: These collectors consist of airtight boxes with a glass, or other transparent
materia,l cover. There are several designs on the arrangement of the internal tubing of flat plate
collectors as shown in Figure 1.
9. what is meant by Traditional collectors?
Ans:-
Traditional collectors, like the Serpatine and Parallel tube examples above, consist of a number of
copper tubes, known as risers that are orientated vertically with respect to the collector and placed in
thermal contact with a black coloured, metal absorbing plate. The use of selective surfaces on
absorbers improves the efficiency of solar water heaters significantly due to a very high absorbance
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(percentage of incoming energy that a material can absorb) and low emittance (percentage of energy
that a material radiates away) of electromagnetic radiation. At the top and bottom of the metal
absorbing plate, thicker copper pipes, known as headers, assist in the removal of heated water and the
arrival of colder water to be heated. Insulation is placed between the absorbing plate and the external
wall to prevent heat losses.
10. Explain the various configurations for the concentrating collectors.
( May 2013)
Ans:-
Collectors : These are oriented to track the sun so that the beam radiation will be directed onto the
absorbing surface
Collector: Receiver and the concentrator Receiver: Radiation is absorbed and converted to some other
energy form (e.g. heat).
Concentrator: Collector that directs radiation onto the receiver. The aperture of the concentrator is the
opening through which the solar radiation enters theconcentrator
11. Differentiate flat plate collector and parabolic collector with their salient features ( April 2012)
Ans
12. Describe the basic components of flat plate collector with a neat sketch (May 2012)
Ans:-
Describe the basic components of flat plate collector with a neat sketch
(May 2012)
A flat plate collector, as shown in the image to the right, consists of the following components:
1) An absorber plate, treated with a selective surface coating to increase the fraction of incoming
radiation absorbed
2) A transparent cover, or glazing, which limits the radiation and convection heat losses
3) A layer of insulation, which reduces conduction losses
4) An enclosure to contain the different elements
5) Flow tubes through which the heat transfer fluid circulates
UNIT-III
1. What the significance of strip chart and magnetic tap. (R13 May 2017)
ANS :
a) Strip Chart recorders may record several inputs using different colour pens and may record
onto strip charts or circular charts. Roll chart recorders are similar to strip chart recorders except that
the recorded data is stored on a round roll, and the unit is usually fully enclosed.
b) Magnetic tape is a long and narrow strip of plastic that thin magnetic material is coated
on. Magnetic tape recording uses magnetic tape which moves on a recording head. Electrical signals
are fed to the recording head, inducing a pattern of magnetization similar to the signal.
93
2. Explain what is meant by tip speed ratio. (R13 May 2017)
ANS :
The Tip Speed Ratio (TSR) is an extremely important factor in wind turbine design. TSR refers to
the ratio between the wind speed and the speed of the tips of the wind turbine blades. The further
away from the center, the faster the blades spin.
3.Explain the process of anaerobic digestion. (May 2013)
Ans:-
Anaerobic digestion is a collection of processes by which microorganisms break down biodegradable
material in the absence of oxygen.[1] The process is used for industrial or domestic purposes to
manage waste or to produce fuels. Much of the fermentation used industrially to produce food and
drink products, as well as home fermentation, uses anaerobic digestion.
4. Explain various configurations of wind turbines in details with neat diagrams? (April 2012)
Ans:-
A wind turbine is a device that converts the wind's kinetic energy into electrical energy.
Wind turbines are manufactured in a wide range of vertical and horizontal axis types. The smallest
turbines are used for applications such as battery charging for auxiliary power for boats or caravans or
to power traffic warning signs. Slightly larger turbines can be used for making contributions to a
domestic power supply while selling unused power back to the utility supplier via the electrical grid.
Arrays of large turbines, known as wind farms, are becoming an increasingly important source of
intermittent renewable energy and are used by many countries as part of a strategy to reduce their
reliance on fossil fuels. Wind was shown to have the "lowest relative greenhouse gas emissions, the
least water consumption demands and... the most favourable social impacts" compared to
photovoltaic, hydro, geothermal, coal and gas
5. Classify different wind turbines with diagram ? (May 2012)
Ans:-
Types of wind energy conversion devices
1.Horizontal axis wind turbine
2.Vertical axis wind turbines
1.Horizontal axis wind turbine
It can be further divided into three types:
Dutch type grain grinding wind mills
Multiblade water pumping windmills
High speed propeller type windmills
2.Vertical axis wind turbines
It comes in two different designs
The savonius rotor
The darrieus rotor
6. Describe the potential for wind power in India ? (April 2012)
Ans:-
the solar potential of India is around 749 GW. Out of which only 12 GW has been commissioned
stating the fact that only 1.6% of the total solar potential have been exploited properly. Because of
this high solar potential, India is considered to be as one of the leading country in terms of solar
energy. You can get the whole state wise solar potential from the Ministry of New and Renewable
Energy (MNRE) site.The wind potential may vary from 748 GW- 946 GW depending upon its
various capacity factor.
7. Explain various configurations of wind turbines in details with neat diagrams.( May 2013)
Ans:
The basic wind energy conversion device is the wind turbine. Although various designs and
configurations exist, these turbines are generally grouped into two types:
94
1. vertical-axis wind turbines, in which the axis of rotation is vertical with respect to the ground (and
roughly perpendicular to the wind stream),
2. horizontal-axis turbines, in which the axis of rotation is horizontal with respect to the ground (and
roughly parallel to the wind stream.)
The Figure illustrates the two types of turbines and typical subsystems for an electricity generation
application. The subsystems include a blade or rotor, which converts the energy in the wind to
rotational shaft energy; a drive train, usually including a gearbox and a generator; a tower that
supports the rotor and drive train; and other equipment, including controls, electrical cables, ground
support equipment, and interconnection equipment
95
Cut-in speed.
At very low wind speeds, there is insufficient torque exerted by the wind on the turbine blades to
make them rotate. However, as the speed increases, the wind turbine will begin to rotate and generate
electrical power. The speed at which the turbine first starts to rotate and generate power is called
the cut-in speed and is typically between 3 and 4 metres per second.
Cut-out speed.
As the speed increases above the rate output wind speed, the forces on the turbine structure continue
to rise and, at some point, there is a risk of damage to the rotor. As a result, a braking system is
employed to bring the rotor to a standstill. This is called the cut-out speed and is usually around 25
metres per second.
10. Discuss about the energetic involve in anaerobic digestion. ( April 2014)
Ans:
Anaerobic digestion is a series of biological processes in which microorganisms break down
biodegradable material in the absence of oxygen. One of the end products is biogas, which is
combusted to generate electricity and heat, or can be processed into renewable natural gas and
transportation fuels. Gaseous oxygen is excluded from the reactions by physical containment.
Anaerobes utilize electron acceptors from sources other than oxygen gas. These acceptors can be the
organic material itself or may be supplied by inorganic oxides from within the input material. When
the oxygen source in an anaerobic system is derived from the organic material itself, the 'intermediate'
end products are primarily alcohols, aldehydes, and organic acids, plus carbon dioxide. In the
presence of specialised methanogens, the intermediates are converted to the 'final' end products of
methane, carbon dioxide, and trace levels of hydrogen sulfide. In an anaerobic system, the majority of
the chemical energy contained within the starting material is released by methanogenic bacteria as
methane
96
11. List out the differences between horizontal and vertical wind mills.(May 2013)
Ans:-
Axis of rotation: It is the main and biggest difference they have. As the name say horizontal axis wind
turbine have axis of rotation parallel to the ground and vertical axis wind turbine have axis of rotation
perpendicular.
Number of blades working at a time: If we take 3 blades wind turbine then in horizontal axis wind
turbine all three blades work at a time while in vertical axis wind turbine one blade work at a time.
13. Describe the potential for wind power in India . (April 2012)
Ans:-
Wind power generation capacity in India has significantly increased in recent years. As of the end of
October 2017 the total installed wind power capacity was 32.72 GW, mainly spread across the South,
West and North regions.[1] By the end of 2015, India had the fourth largest installed wind power
capacity in the world.[2][3] The levelised tariff of wind power reached a record low of ₹2.64(4.1¢
US) per kWh (without any direct or indirect subsidies) during auctions for wind projects in October
2017. Before that the tariff was Rs. 3.42/kWh in August 2017 in a competitive bid managed by
TANGEDCO (Tamil Nadu Generation and Distribution Corporation).
14. Describe the potential for wind power in India . (April 2012)
Ans:-
Wind power generation capacity in India has significantly increased in recent years. As of the end of
October 2017 the total installed wind power capacity was 32.72 GW, mainly spread across the South,
West and North regions. By the end of 2015, India had the fourth largest installed wind power
capacity in the world. The levelised tariff of wind power reached a record low of ₹2.64(4.1¢ US) per
kWh (without any direct or indirect subsidies) during auctions for wind projects in October 2017.
97
Before that the tariff was Rs. 3.42/kWh in August 2017 in a competitive bid managed by
TANGEDCO (Tamil Nadu Generation and Distribution Corporation).
UNIT-IV
98
core is made up of very hot molten iron surrounding a solid iron center. Estimates of the
temperature of the core range from 5,000 to 11,000 degrees Fahrenheit (F). Heat is continuously
produced within the earth by the slow decay of radioactive particles that is natural in all rocks.
Surrounding the earth's core is the mantle, thought to be partly rock and partly magma. The
mantle is about 1,800 miles thick. The outermost layer of the earth, the insulating crust, is not
one continuous sheet of rock, like the shell of an egg, but is broken into pieces called plates.
These slabs of continents and ocean floor drift apart and push against each other at the rate of
about one inch per year in a process called continental drift.Magma (molten rock) may come
quite close to the surface where the crust has been thinned, faulted, or fractured by plate
tectonics. When this near-surface heat is transferred to water, a usable form of geother- energy is
created.Geothermal energy is called a renewable energy source because the water is replenished
by rainfall, and the heat is continuously produced by the earth.
5. Briefly describe the classes of geothermal regions ( May 2012)
Ans:-
there are three basic types of geothermal power plants:
Dry steam plants use steam directly from a geothermal reservoir to turn generator turbines. The first
geothermal power plant was built in 1904 in Tuscany, Italy, where natural steam erupted from the
earth.
Flash steam plants take high-pressure hot water from deep inside the earth and convert it to steam to
drive generator turbines. When the steam cools, it condenses to water and is injected back into the
ground to be used again. Most geothermal power plants are flash steam plants.
Binary cycle power plants transfer the heat from geothermal hot water to another liquid. The heat
causes the second liquid to turn to steam, which is used to drive a generator turbine.
7. Explain the operation of various geothermal systems with schematic diagrams. (May 2013)
Ans:
The heat removed from the indoor air during the summer can also be used to provide a free source of
hot water. There are four types of geothermal heat pumpsystems. Three of thesehorizontal,
vertical, and pond/lakeare closed-loopsystems. The fourth type is open-loop.
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Puga Valley (J&K)
Tatapani (Chhattisgarh)
Godavari Basin Manikaran (Himachal Pradesh)
Bakreshwar (West Bengal)
Tuwa (Gujarat)
Unai (Maharashtra)
Jalgaon (Maharashtra)
10. What is geothermal energy? List out the geothermal regions in India. (April 2012)
Ans:-
Geothermal energy is the heat from the Earth. It's clean and sustainable. Resources of
geothermal energy range from the shallow ground to hot water and hot rock found a few miles
beneath the Earth's surface, and down even deeper to the extremely high temperatures of molten
rock called magma.
Puga Valley (J&K)
Tatapani (Chhattisgarh)
Godavari Basin Manikaran (Himachal Pradesh)
Bakreshwar (West Bengal)
Tuwa (Gujarat)
Unai (Maharashtra)
Jalgaon (Maharashtra)
11. What is the potential of geothermal energy worldwide?
Ans:-
Plans to build India's first geothermal power plants are underway. Indian states Gujarat, Chhattisgarh,
Andhra Pradesh and West Bengal are the first of many to announce interest in developing the BRIC
country's first geothermal energy plant, with power capacity in the range of 3MW to 5MW.The news
follows reports in July that the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy of India (MNRE) plans to set
up a geothermal energy policy later this year to guide future projects.
The news came from the "Geothermal Energy - Initiative and Development" conference. Pandit
Deendayal Petroleum University organised the event, which took place on 26 July 2013 in Gujarat's
capital city Gandhinagar.
100
Companies involved in the Indian geothermal projects include ONGC (Oil and Natural Gas
Corporation) in Gujarat. The company has started exploring clean energy to create growth
opportunities and maximise shareholder value.
1. What are the Limitations of Carnot cycle in DEC? (R13 May 2017)
ANS :
Isothermal process is possible if it is very slow and Isentropic process is possible if it very fast. This
alternate combination of very fast, very slow, very fast and very slow is not possible to achieve in
actual practice and these are thus the limitations of this cycle.
101
refrigeration) by the application of work to the system. It is not an actual thermodynamic cycle but is
a theoretical construct.
Every single thermodynamic system exists in a particular state. When a system is taken through a
series of different states and finally returned to its initial state, a thermodynamic cycle is said to have
occurred. In the process of going through this cycle, the system may perform work on its
surroundings, thereby acting as a heat engine. A system undergoing a Carnot cycle is called a Carnot
heat engine, although such a "perfect" engine is only a theoretical construct and cannot be built in
practice. However, a microscopic Carnot heat engine has been designed and run
UNIT-I
1) a) What are the reasons for variation in solar radiation reaching the earth than received at the
onside of the atmosphere.
103
b) Calculate the angle made by the beam radiation with normal to a flat plate collector, point due
south located new Delhi (20 º 38' N,77 º 17' E at 9:00 hr, solar time on December 1. The collector is
tilted at an angle of 36 with the horizontal.(R13 May 2017)
UNIT-II
1) a) Derive the equation for solar energy balance equation and collector efficiency their advantages
and limitations
b) Enumerate different types of concentrating collectors and also list out advantages and
limitations.(R13 May 2017)
2) a) Draw the line diagram and explain the working of hybrid OTEC cycle.
b) Explain the working of single basin tidal power plant. (R13 May 2017)
3) Give various applications of geothermal energy. (April 2012)
4) Explain the harnessing techniques of geothermal energy. (April 2012)
5) Briefly describe the classes of geothermal regions. (May 2012 )
6) Discuss about the energetic involve in anaerobic digestion. (May 2014 )
UNIT-V
104
1) a) Explain the concept of joule Thompson effect and its applications.
b) Explain the working details of MHD accelerator.(R13 May 2017)
2) a) Draw the line diagram and explain the working of hydrogen fuel cell.
b) What is meant by Electron gas dynamic conversion and where do you use this principle.
3) Explain Biogas for IC Engines (R13 May 2017)
4) What is fuel cell? Classify fuel cells. Explain the construction and operation of any three cells in details.
(May 2013)
5) What is fuel cell? Classify fuel cells. Explain the construction and operation of any three cells in
details. (May 2015)
6) What is the source of Tidal Energy? What is the minimum tidal range required for practical power
plant? How much is the potential in tides. (May 2014)
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS
105
UNIT-I
Explain the construction and operation of any two instruments used for solar
radiation ?
UNIT-II
Describe the method of testing of solar collectors using water and air as heat
transfer fluid?
UNIT-III
UNIT-IV
Briefly explain about solid bio-fuels. Also write about their applications?
UNIT-V
Draw the diagram of mini hydel power plant and explain the operational features?
106
GURU NANAK INSTITUTIONS TECHNICAL CAMPUS (AUTONOMOUS)
UNIT I
Introduction: Definition Objectives of Production Planning and Control Functions of
production planning and control - Types of production systems - Organization of production
planning and control department.
Forecasting Definition- uses of forecast- factors affecting the forecast- types of forecasting-
their uses - general principle of forecasting. Forecasting techniques- quantitative and qualitative
techniques. Measures of forecasting errors.
UNIT II
Inventory management Functions of inventories relevant inventory costs ABC analysis
VED analysis Basic EOQ model- Inventory control systems continuous review systems and
periodic review systems, MRP I, MRP II, ERP, JIT Systems - Basic Treatment only.
Aggregate planning Definition aggregate-planning strategies aggregate planning methods
transportation model.
UNIT III
Line Balancing: Terminology, Methods of Line Balancing, RPW method, Largest Candidate
method and Heuristic method.
Routing Definition Routing procedure Factors affecting routing procedure, Route Sheet.
UNIT IV
Scheduling Definition Scheduling Policies types of scheduling methods differences with
loading flow shop scheduling job shop scheduling, line of balance (LOB)
objectives - steps involved.
UNIT V
Dispatching: Definition activities of dispatcher dispatching procedures various forms used
in dispatching.
Follow up: definition types of follow up expediting definition expediting procedures-
Applications of computers in planning and control.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Production Planning and Control - M.Mahajan-Dhanpati rai & Co
2. Production Planning and Contral-Jain & Jain - Khanna publications
REFRENCE BOOKS:
1. Production Planning Control Text & Cases / SK Mukhopadhyaya/PHI
2. Production and operations Management- R Panneer Selvan-PHI.
107
3. Operations management by chase/PHI.
Consolidated unit wise Lesson plan:
UNIT DETAILS HOURS
Introduction: Definition - Objectives of Production Planning and Control -
Functions of production planning and control Types of production systems
Organization production planning and control department.
I Forecasting Definition- uses of forecast- factors affecting the forecast- 18
types forecasting- their uses general principle of forecasting. Forecasting
techniques -quantitative and qualitative techniques. Measures of
forecasting errors.
Inventory management - Functions of inventories relevant inventory costs
ABC analysis - VED analysis - Basic EOQ model- Inventory control
systems continuous review systems and periodic review systems, MRP I,
II 15
MRP II, ERP, JIT Systems Basic Treatment only.
Aggregate planning - Definition - aggregate-planning strategies-aggregate
planning methods - transportation model.
Line Balancing: Terminology, Methods of Line Balancing, RPW method,
III Largest Candidate method and Heuristic method. Routing-Definition - 13
Routing procedure Factors affecting routing procedure, Route Sheet
Scheduling-Definition Scheduling Policies types of scheduling methods-
IV difference with loading - flow shop scheduling - job shop scheduling, line 12
of balance (LOB) - objectives - steps involved.
Dispatching: Definition activities of dispatcher - dispatching procedures
various forms used in dispatching.
V 12
Follow up definition types of follow up expediting definition expediting
procedures-Applications of computers in planning and control.
TOTAL 70
TUTORIAL HOURS 10
DESCRIPTIVE TEST 02
CLASSES BEYOND SYLLABUS 02
REMEDIAL CLASSES 02
CONTACT CLASSES FOR SYLLABUS COVERAGE 02
TOTAL HOURS 88
TEXT/REFERENCE BOOKS:
T/R BOOK TITLE/AUTHORS/PUBLICATION
T1 Production Planning and Control - M.Mahajan-Dhanpati rai & Co
T2 Operations management - Heizer- Pearson.
R1 Production Planning and Contral-Jain & Jain - Khanna publications
R2 Production and operations Management/ Ajay K Garg / Mc Graw Hill
R3 Production Planning Control Text & Cases / SK Mukhopadhyaya/PHI
108
Understand the importance of Production planning & control. Learning way of carrying out
various functions it so as to produce right product, right quantity at right time with minimum
cost.
Question bank
part A
1. Define Production planning control?
DEFINITIONS OF PPC: Production planning and control may be defined as the direction and co-
ordination of firm's material and physical facilities towards the attainment of pre-specified
product goals, in the most efficient and economical manner.
Samuel Elion
"The highest efficiency in production is obtained by manufacturing the required quantity of the
109
product, of the required quality, at the required time, by the best and cheapest method."
2. Differentiate between job order production and batch order productions?
UNIT-2,
Q1. What are the symptoms of poor inventory management in an organization?
Answer:
Few symptoms of poor inventory management are,
I. The amount of inventory increases much faster than the rise in sales.
2. Items which are out of stock leads to inconvenience in production on delay in deliveries to
customers
3. Increase in clerical costs relating to processing, expediting and maintaining inventories.
4. The stock of some items is in excess whereas few items are scarce.
5. Some items are misplaced and spoiled and rates of obsolescence are also high.
ERP deals with broadest capabilities of MRP deals with storage, production, order
manufacturing systems such as finance, processing, materials requirement planning,
purchasing, sales and distribution, inventory scheduling etc.
management, production management and so on.
ERP is a forward scheduling system, which is MRP is a backward scheduling system. It has
considered as an advanced version of MRP-Il. modified and led to the development of
MRP-Il.
111
UNIT-3
Q1. What do you understand by Route Sheet and Work Sheet?
Route Sheet
A route sheet: Shows the details of section (department) and the specific machine, on which the
work is to be performed a written specification or document which gives essential information
and working data for conversion of raw materials into finished parts or products is termed as
'route sheet'. In fact, route sheet specifies each and every step in the production operation
Work Sheet
Work sheet usually includes the following.
1. All the details to be considered while manufacturing,
2. The routing instructions about each part with identification machines and work place of
operation
However, this sheet is made for manufacturing and maintenance
UNIT - IV
1. Define scheduling?
Scheduling is the process of arranging, controlling and optimizing work and workloads in a
production process or manufacturing process. Scheduling is used to allocate plant and machinery
resources, plan human resources, plan production processes and purchase materials.
2. What are scheduling polices?
Operation monitoring dates
112
No work pay guaranties
Short work schedules
Period and pile UPS.
UNIT 6. Define Inventory. What are the various types of inventory? Derivation/
III Explanation
Q1. What do you understand by Route Sheet and Work Sheet? Derivation/
Explanation
Q2. Define and explain the following terms: Work station Derivation/
Explanation
114
Q3. What are the objective of Routing? Derivation/
Explanation
Q4. Define and explain the following terms: Work element Difficult
Q6. Define and explain the following terms: cycle time. Derivation/
Explanation
a) State and explain standard scheduling rules? Derivation/
b) State the objectives of routing? (New) Explanation
Describe briefly line of balance technique of project scheduling? Derivation/
(New) Explanation
UNIT a) What is scheduling and what its objectives? (New) Derivation/
IV b) Describe the factors effecting scheduling? (New) Explanation
Describe A) master scheduling and Difficult
B) Production scheduling? (New)
Describe route sheet with suitable example? Difficult
Problem/ Analysis
A) Differentiate between centralized dispatching and decentralized Derivation/
dispatching. Explanation
b) Describe the follow up or control face of PPC?
R09 (MAY 2016)
a)What are the functions of dispatching? Derivation/
b) When do you prefer decentralized dispatching to centralize Explanation
dispatching? Explain their features? R13 (MAY 2017)
UNIT What are the stages of follow up? Explain any two. R13 (MAY Derivation/
V 2017) Explanation
What is dispatching? State various activities of dispatching? (New) Difficult
A) Name and describe common forms used for dispatching? (New) Difficult
B) what are uses of dispatching? Problem/ Analysis
Write a sequence of dispatching activities? (New) Derivation/
Explanation
OBJECTIVES QUESTIONS
1. Which of the following is not a part of Five Ms?
a. Material
b. Machine
c. Motion
d. Method
(Ans:c)
2. The correct sequence of operations in production planning and control is
a. Routing-Scheduling-Dispatching-Follow up
b. Scheduling-Routing- Dispatching-Follow up
115
c. Dispatching-Routing-Scheduling- Follow up
d. Routing-Scheduling-Follow up-Dispatching
(Ans:a)
117
GURU NANAK INSTITUTIONS TECHNICAL CAMPUS (AUTONOMOUS)
(ME0756) ROBOTICS
Professional Elective -V
Course Outcomes:
Describing the configurations of robots, sensors and various grippers.
Analyzing the basic rotation matrices and the manipulator kinematics.
Application of differential kinematics and robot dynamics for solving problems on manipulators as
well as designing and planning the trajectory.
Comparing different actuators and feedback components.
Evaluating the application of robots in material handling, assembly, inspection etc.
Unit I
Introduction: Automation and Robotics, CAD/CAM and Robotics An over view of Robotics present
and future applications.
Components of the Industrial Robotics: common types of arms. Components, Architecture, number of
degrees of freedom Requirements and challenges of end effectors, Design of end effectors, Precision of
Movement: Resolution, Accuracy and Repeatability, Speed of Response and Load Carrying Capacity.
Unit II
Motion Analysis: Basic Rotation Matrices, Equivalent Axis and Angle, Euler Angles, Composite Rotation
Matrices. Homogeneous transformations as applicable to rotation and translation problems.
Manipulator Kinematics-H notation-H method of Assignment of frames-H Transformation Matrix, joint
coordinates and world coordinates, Forward and inverse kinematics problems on Industrial Robotic
Manipulation.
Unit III
Differential transformation of manipulators, Jacobians problems. Dynamics: Lagrange Euler and
Newton Euler formations Problems.
Trajectory planning and avoidance of obstacles, path planning, Slew motion, joint interpolated motion
straight line motion.
Unit IV
Robot actuators and Feedback components:
Actuators: Pneumatic, Hydraulic actuators, electric & stepper motors, comparision of Actuators,
Feedback components: position sensors potentiometers, resolvers, encoders Velocity sensors, Tactile
and Range sensors, Force and Torque sensors.
Unit V
Material Transfer - Material handling, loading and unloading- Processing - spot and continuous arc
welding & spray painting - Assembly and Inspection.
Text Books:
1. Industrial Robot Mikell, P. Groveer & Mitchell Wesis / MGH
2. An Introduction to Robot Technology, / P. Coiffet and M. Chaironze / Kogam Page
3. Robot Dynamics and Controls / Spond and Vidyasagar / John Wiley
4. Robotics/ k.S.Fu / R.C.Gonzalez/C.S.G. Lee
5. Robotic Engineering / Richard D Klafter
118
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
1 Understands the configuration of robotics which is used in industrial purpose
COURSE OUTCOMES:
PO
SNO DESCRIPTION
MAPPING
1 Describing the configurations of robots, sensors and various 1,2,3,6,12
grippers.
2 Analyzing the basic rotation matrices and the manipulator kinematics. 1,2,3,4,12
3 1,2,3,9,12
Application of differential kinematics and robot dynamics for solving
problems on manipulators as well as designing and planning the trajectory.
4 Comparing different actuators and feedback components. 1,3,5,7,9
5 Evaluating the application of robots in material handling, assembly, 2,3,6,7,9,11
inspection etc.
119
Consolidated unit wise lesson plan
SUBJECT ROBOTICS
FACULTY Mr.Avisek Tripathy
CHAPTERS No of
UNIT TOPIC
B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 Classes
I Introduction 1,20 1
1 13
Robot application in
V 7,13,15 13
manufacturing
Contact classes for syllabus coverage 64
Lectures beyond syllabus 02
Special Descriptive Tests 02
Tutorial classes 10
Remedial classes 02
Total No. of classes 80
120
GURU NANAK INSTITUTIONS TECHNICAL CAMPUS (A)
Branch: Mechanical Engineering Year / Sem: 4TH / 1ST
Sub: Robotics Sub code:
ME0756
QUESTION BANK
Part B:
5 Marks Questions:
Unit Question Type/Category
No
1a. Describe at least three types of Kinematic devices used to Derivation/
actuate the finger moment of the mechanical gripper. Explanation
1b. Frame the resulting rotation matrix of the orientation of WVU Derivation/
or RPY Euler angle representation. Explanation
2a. What are the consideration in gripper selection and design? Derivation/
U-1 Explain? Explanation
2b. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Magnetic Derivation/
grippers? Explain the two categories of magnetic grippers. Explanation
3a. Sketch and explain the four basic robot configurations Difficult
classified according to the coordinate system.
3b. What are the types of automation? Explain them with Difficult
examples.
4a. State and describe the general considerations of robot actuators Difficult
in selection and design?
5a. Explain the various robot configurations with the aid of Problem/ Analysis
sketches?
5b. Explain point to point controlling robotics? Problem/ Analysis
06. Explain mechanical grippers and their linkage mechanisms Derivation/
with neat sketch. Explanation
8a. Name any three types of end effectors of robots. State the Derivation/
advantages of each. Explanation
8b. How many DOF is required to position end effectors at any Derivation/
point in 3D space? Justify. Explanation
121
1a. Describe the kinematic model and joint link parameters for the Derivation/
RPP (3 DOF) manipulator arm. Explanation
1b. Calculate the velocity of the tip of two link planner RR Derivation/
manipulator arm. Explanation
2a. Classification the Robot by the any two coordinate systems. Derivation/
Explanation
2b. Write the forward kinematics for any manipulator based on D- Derivation/
H convention. Explanation
U-2 3a. Write homogeneous transformation matrices for rotation, Difficult
translation and sealing in 3D.
3b. Find the Composite rotation matrix that represents ø angle Difficult
about OZ axis followed by a rotation of α angle about OV axis
followed by a rotation of β angle about OW axis.Explain the roll,
pitch and Yaw angle system.
4a. Differentiate joint coordinates and world coordinates. Difficult
4b. Define Link Length & Link Twist. (or) link parameter Difficult
5a. What is a homogeneous transformation? Problem/ Analysis
5b. For the figure2 shown below , find the 4*4 homogeneous Problem/ Analysis
transformation matrices i-1 A i and 0A I for i=1 2 3 4 5?
Derivation/
Explanation
06. Establish orthogonal link co-ordinate systems (xi yi zi) for i=1 2
3 4 5 for the minimover robot arm shown in the figure 1 below and
complete the table.
122
7a. Compute the basic rotations matrix representing rotation about Derivation/
x- axis by an angle of 600. Explanation
7b. For the point auvw = (6,2,4)T rotate 300 about x-axis followed by Problem/ Analysis
translation of 6 units along Y- axis
8a. Derive rotation in Z-X plane using geometric approach. Derivation/
Explanation
8b. Explain the inverse kinematics for any manipulator based on Derivation/
D-H notation. Explanation
123
06.With references to the cube of mass M and side 2a shown 10 Marks qtn
in the figure 4 below (xo, yo, zo) with the reference co-
ordinate frame uvw is the body attached coordinate frame
and xo, yo, zo cm is another body attached coordinate frame at
the center of mass of the cube.Find inertia tensor in the xo, yo,
zo coordinate system
Find the inertia tensor at the center of mass in the XYZ cms
coordinate system.
7a. Derive the expression for joint torques for a planer R-P robotic Derivation/
manipulator using Lagrangian- Euler formulation. Explanation
7b. What is jacobain of a robot system, how does the study of Derivation/
singularity help in robot analysis? Explanation
U-4 1a. Describe 4-3-4 Trajectory with various possibilities to obtain Derivation/
position, velocity and acceleration. Explanation
1b. Differentiate between Pneumatic and hydraulic actuators. Derivation/
Explanation
2a. Explain the different types of feedback components. Derivation/
Explanation
2b. Explain the working of DC servo motor. Derivation/
Explanation
3a. Discuss the principle of a resolver. Difficult
Difficult
3b. A manipulator is required to move along a straight line
from point A to point B, where A and B respectively
described by
124
The motion from A to B consists of translation and two
rotations. Determine θ, α, β,and x,y,z for the drive
transformation. Also find three intermediate
transformations between A and B.
4a. A single link rotary robot is required to move from θ(0) = Difficult
5b. Determine the coefficient of a cubic polynomial that can Problem/ Analysis
be used to accomplish the motion.
06. A jointed arm robot of configuration RRR is to move all three Problem/ Analysis
axes so that the first joint is rotated through 50 deg, the second
joint is rotated through 90 deg, and the third joint is rotated through
25 deg. Maximum speed of nay of these rotational joints is
100mm/sec. Ignore effects of acceleration and deceleration. ( a )
Determine the time required to move each joint if skew motion is
used. (b) Determine the time required to move the arm to the
described position and the rotational velocity of each joint if joint
interpolation motion is used.
7b. Explain 3-5-3 trajectory plan to represent a pick and place Derivation/
movement for an assembly operation. Explanation
8a. A manipulator with single link is to rotate from 300 to 1000 in 2 Problem/ Analysis
seconds. The joint velocity and acceleration are both zero at the
initial and final positions. Determine the coefficient of a cubic
polynomial that accomplishes the motion.
125
1b. What are the features of robot in machine loading and Derivation/
unloading applications? Explanation
2a. Describe various material handling and inspection methods Derivation/
U-5 carried out by the Robot. Explanation
2b. Describe the material handling operations. Derivation/
Explanation
3a. Explain Simple pick-place operation of the robot. Difficult
3b. Describe the pelletizing operation of material transfer Difficult
application of a Robot.
4a. Explain loading and unloading of material handling in die Difficult
casting process.
4b. State and explain the applications of robot in machine loading Difficult
and unloading how robot will be integrated in an automated
inspection system?
5a. How robot will be integrated in arc welding facility? Problem/ Analysis
5b. How palletizing operation is carried out by an industrial robot? Problem/ Analysis
Derivation/
06. Explain the following assembly operations:
Explanation
a) Stacking, b) Fastening screws, c) Snap fits.
8b. Explain the use of robots in the field of spot welding. Application
126
PART A ANSWERS
UNIT-1, PART-A (Q & A)
ANS:
a. Servo systems.
b. Closed loop system.
c. Open loop system.
d. Non servo systems
2. What are the different types of grippers that are used in the robotics? (R13 Nov/Dec 2016)
ANS:
a. Mechanical grippers
b. Vacuum grippers
c. Magnetic grippers
d. Electrical grippers
ANS:
Si.no Moving coordinate Rotating coordinate
System system
It is also known as CartesianIt is also known as Articulated co-
1
Coordinate system ordinate system
2 Work volume is high Work volume is little
3 It is P-P-P configuration It is R-V-T configuration
ANS: The number of independent ways by which a dynamic system can move without violating
any constraint imposed on it, is called degree of freedom. In other words, the degree of freedom
can be defined as the minimum number of independent coordinates which can specify the position
of the system completely.
5. What are the different types of control modes in a robot system? (R13 Mar 2017)
ANS: Automation Automation means using computer software, machines or other technology
to carry out a task which would otherwise be done by a human worker. There are many types of
automation, ranging from the fully mechanical to the fully virtual, and from the very simple to the
mind-blowing complex and Robotics is a branch of engineering which incorporates multiple
disciplines to design, build, program and use robotic machines. Robots are used to automate some
physical tasks, such as manufacturing.
9. What is SCARA?
ANS: SCARA is selective compliance Assembly Robot Arm. It is special version of jointed arm
robot. It is characteristics of articulated and cylindrical configuration are combined, the result
will be another type of manipulator with revolute motions, confined to the horizontal plane. It has
vertical major axis rotations such that gravitational load, carioles and centrifugal forces do not
stress the structure.
9. Define Robot Anatomy.
ANS: It is concerned with the physical construction of the body arm and write of the machine.
10. What is the function of potentiometer? (R 13 April/May 2018)
ANS: The measuring instrument called a potentiometer is essentially a voltage divider used for
measuring electric potential difference. (Voltage)
11. What is the limitation of Adhesive gripper? (R 13 April/May 2018)
ANS: It has the following limitations:
Adhesive cannot be disabled immediately to release the object.
It will work until the adhesive maintains its stickiness.
Not suitable for heavy objects.
****
UNIT-2, PART-A (Q & A)
ANS: To define the joint and link parameters of a robot Joint parameters are
joint offset(a)
Joint angle(α)
Link parameters are
Link length(d)
Link twist (α)
128
2. What is joint coordinates (R13 Mar 2017)
ANS:
The joint co-ordinates will define the position and orientations of the end- effector position to
perform given task.
3. What is the difference between forward and inverse kinematics? (R13 Mar 2017)
ANS: Forward kinematics:
It is a scheme to determine joint angles of a robot by knowing its position in the world coordinate
System.
Reverse kinematics:
It is a scheme to determine the position of the robot in the world coordinate system by knowing
the joint angles and the link parameters of the robot.
The main difference between forward and inverse kinematics:
In Inverse kinematics define position of end-effectors joint angles calculates by Robot. In
Forward kinematics define the Joint angles the position reaches by the end- effectors.
*****
UNIT-3, PART-A (Q & A)
ANS: The recursive equation is also known as inverse kinematic model. In this case the position
of end effectors is defined and joint angles calculate by robot. A recursive equation always uses
the preceding term to define the next term of the sequence.
2. What are the Euler angels? (R13 Nov/Dec 2016) (NOV 2017)
ANS: The Euler angles are three angles introduced by Leonhard Euler to describe the
orientation of a rigid body with respect to a fixed coordinate system.
Euler angles are typically denoted as α, β, γ, or φ, θ, ψ.
ANS: Two-link planar manipulator involves the linear and rotational dynamics of the links. For
simplicity it is assumed that the two-link manipulator has two revolute joints and is an open
kinematic chain type. Fig shows the schematic diagram of the two-link manipulator. Let L1and
L2 be the length of the first and second link respectively. Angle θ1 and θ2 represent the joint
rotations of the first, and second joint respectively.
130
4. What is DH Parameter?
ANS: i – Joint angle, di – joint distance, i= – link angle, ai – link length
5.Define inverse kinematic?
ANS: For a given position and orientation of the end effectors with respect to an immobile or
inertial reference frame it is required to find n set of joint variables that would bring the end
effectors in the specified position and orientation.
6. What do you mean by jacobian matrix? (R 13 April/May 2018)
Where and represent the time derivatives of and . This tells us that the end-effectors
ANS: In classical mechanics, the NewtonEuler equations describe the combined translational
and rotational dynamics of a rigid body.lmao
ANS: The robot dynamics is concerned with the analysis of the torques and forces due to acceleration and
deceleration. Torque experienced by the joint due to acceleration of the links and force experienced by the
links due to torques applied by the joints are considered.
ANS: Differential kinematics relates the velocities of the manipulator components .In both descriptions the
direct differential kinematics is usually obtained by calculating the Jacobian and, after this, the inverse
kinematics is obtained by inverting the Jacobian matrix.
*****
131
2. How do you plan straight line trajectories using quaternion? (R13Nov/Dec 2016)
ANS:
Path constraints
132
Path specification {q(t
Trajectory ),
Joint space Planner or
q (t), q (t)}
3. What is trajectory planning? (R13 Mar 2017) (R13 Nov 2017) (R15 Nov/Dec 2018)
ANS: Trajectory planning is a major area in robotics as it gives way to autonomous vehicles
Trajectory planning is sometimes referred to as motion planning and erroneously as path planning.
ANS: The simplest form of motion. As the robot moves from point A to point B, each axis of the
manipulator travels as quickly as possible from its initial position to its final position. All axis
begin moving at the same time, but each axis ends it motion in a length of time that is
proportional to the product of its distance moved and its top speed (allowing for acceleration
and deceleration)
133
9. What do you mean by blending scheme? Explain. (R 13 April/May 2018)
ANS: Note: slew motion usually results in unnecessary wear on the joints and often leads to
unanticipated results in the path taken by the manipulator.
134
4. Describe role of robot in inspection (R13 Mar 2017)
Inspection is a quality control operation that involves the checking of parts, assemblies or
products. The inspection function is commonly done for incoming raw materials at various stages
of the production process and at the completion of manufacturing. Testing is the quality control
operation often associated with inspection.
6. Define Robot Applications in Manufacturing? (R13 NOV 2017) (R15 Nov/Dec 2018)
An industrial robot is a robot system used for manufacturing. Industrial robots are automated,
programmable and capable of movement on two or more axes.
Typical applications of robots include welding, painting, assembly, pick and place for printed
circuit boards, packaging and labeling, palletizing, product inspection, and testing; all
accomplished with high endurance, speed, and precision. They can assist in material handling.
In this operation, the robot loads raw work parts in the machine, and some other systems are
used to unload the finished work parts from the machine.
135
Example: In a press working process, a robot is used to load the sheet metal in the press, and the
finished work parts are removed from the press with the help of gravity.
Machine unloading:
In machine unloading, the finished work parts are unloaded from the machine by a robot, while
the loading of raw materials are done without any robot support.
10. A computer is a work cell controller. Justify the statement. (R 13 April/May 2018)
ANS: A programmable controller (PC) is the advanced control device in the robot cell. It has got
several hundreds of input and output ports for connecting to the equipment directly. This feature
is a benefit of a PC over a computer. Apart from this advantage, there are also some
disadvantages on a programmable controller in the data processing and programming
languages. These drawbacks have certainly brought the computer into the act, which is capable
of performing it.
When comparing the digital computers and programmable controllers, there are one similarity
and one difference. To be precise, these control devices are used in different applications, but
their basic technology is almost the same one.
11. What are the considerations in robot material handling? (R15 Nov/Dec 2018)
ANS: The term material handling encompasses a wide variety of product movements on the shop floor.
Part selection and transferring, palletizing, packing, and machine loading are just a few of the applications
that are considered material handling.
4. If a frame moves in space without any change in its , the transformation is pure
translation [ ]
136
(a) Position (b) Orientation (c) a & b (d) None
5. The
speed of production in hard automation is [ ]
a). High b) Slow c) Moderate d). No change
6. A robot
with polar configuration has [ ]
a) Three prismatic b) One rotary and two prismatic
c) Two rotary and one prismatic c) All three rotary
7. The term Robotics was popularized by [ ]
a). Issac Asimov b). Issac Newton c) Einstein d) Galileo
8. A robot must not harm a human being or through inaction, allow one to come to harm
This is
[ ]
a) I law of robotics b) II law of robotics c) III law of robotics d) IV law of robotics
9. The
suction cups in a robot gripper are typically made up of [ ]
a) Copper b) Aluminum c) Mild steel d) Soft plastic
10. Ferrous
materials can be easily handled by using [ ]
a) Adhesive grippers b) Vacuum grippers c) Magnetic grippers d) Scoops
11. Flexible automation first appeared in early 1950 s with the introduction of the following[
]
a) NC machine tools b) Milling machines c) Drilling machines d) Lathe machines
12. A robot must protect itself from harm unless that is in conflict with the first law This is [
]
a) Zeroth law of robotics b)II law of robotics c) III law of robotics d) law of robotics
13. If two gripping
devices are attached to the wrist of a robot and is used to handle two separate objects then it
called as [ ]
a) Single gripper b) Double gripper c) Hammer d) Striker
14. A reprogram able multi functional manipulator designed to move material,
parts, tools or specialized devices through variable programmed motions for the performance of
a variety of tasks is called as a [ ]
a) Robot b) Machine c) Tele-operator d) Pallet
15. Robotics is often considered as a combination of [ ]
a) Machine and machine tool b) Machine and arts c) Machine tool technology and computer
science d) Machine design and machine tool technology
16. A machine that has
functions similar to human upper limbs and moves the objects specially can be called as [
]
a) Manipulator b) Cursor controlled device c) Mechanical stop d) Automated system
17. One of the device used to remove air between the cup and the part surface to create the
vacuum is [ ]
a) Vacuum cup b) Venture c) Adhesive d) Hook
18. One of the following devices can be attached to the wrist end for multi-tool operations in
a work cycle [ ]
a) Tool changer b) Screw c) SPCT d. Hook
19. Hydraul
ic drives used in robot gripping systems are usually [ ]
137
a) Electro hydraulic drive systems b) Actuator systems
c) Control valves d) Servo motors
20. Devices
used to accomplish rotary motion in a hydraulic drive system are [ ]
a) Hydraulic pistons b) Limit switches c) Mechanical stops d) Rotary vane actuators
21. A device that attaches to the wrist of the
robot arm and enables the general purpose robot to perform a specific task is known as
22. The operation involving picking and placing the material from one place
to desired place is called as operations.
23. encoders provide actual position relative to fixed reference position
24. In applications the end effectors are tools instead of grippers
25. is a device that attaches to the wrist of the robot arm and enables
the general- purpose robot to perform a specific task
26. A cylindrical coordinate robot
should have joints
27. can handle the flat, smooth, and clean objects better than other
grippers.
28. T
he total number of degrees of freedom that a rigid body free in space has is
29. A robot must always obey human beings unless it is in conflict
with the first law This law is called as
30. The flexibility in fixed automation
is
Unit 2
1. Rotation of 90 degrees about the
X-axis Rot (X, 90) is [ ]
2. is the necessary
Cartesian coordinate motions that need to be made in order to position the origin of the hand
frame of a Cartesian robot at point P=[4 3 6] [ ]
(a)
( b) (c) (d) none
3. configuration/s
can be followed to rotate the frame appropriately in order to achieve a desired orientation
without changing its position [ ]
(a) Roll, pitch, yaw angles (b) Euler angles (c) a & b (d) None
4. In a
138
Homogeneous Transformation Matrix, the order of the rotation matrix is [ ]
(a) 4x4 (b) 3x3 (c) 2x2 (d) 1x1
5. A robot with cylindrical configuration has [ ]
17. If two links are so joined that these can slide or linearly move with respect to each other, that
139
type of joint is called as
Unit 3
1. The
manipulator Jacobian for a prismatic joint is given by Ji (q) = [ ]
A) B) C) D)
2. The
following is the robot programming language. [ ]
A) PASCAL B) AML C) C++ D) BASIC
3. For a P degree polynomial will have
No. of constrains [ ]
A) P-1 B) P C) P+1 D) 2P
4. The Newton-euler formulations to dynamic modeling of robotic manipulator is
based on law.
[]
A) Newtons First B) Newtons second C) Newtons third D) None
5. The
formulation is the systematic procedure for obtaining the dynamic model of
an n-DOF manipulator [ ]
A) Newton B) Lagrange C) Lagrange Euler D) Euler
140
6. The Newton-Euler (NE)
dynamic modeling is a based approach
7. The Lagrange-Euler (LE)
dynamic modeling is a based approach
8. Differential motions of a frame can
be divided into
(a) differential translations (b) differential rotations (c) differential transformations (d) a, b, & c
9. If all the robot joint variables are
known, using kinematic equations, one can
calculate where the robot is at any instant [ ]
(a) inverse (b) forward (c) a & b (d) none
10. vectors could be displaced anywhere in space without changing their
meaning
11. singularities occur when the end- effector is on the boundary of the
workspace, that is, the manipulator is either fully stretched out or fully retracted
12. If the orientation changes without the change of position then the transformation is
Unit - 4
1. In
Applications requires continuous path motions, the trajectory planning is [ ]
A) Joint space technique B) Cartesian space technique
C) Lagrange technique D)None
2. is the
process of stacking the material on a pallet in a specified manner.[ ]
A) Storing B) Depalletizing C) Machine loading D) Palletizing
3. schemes
can be used in joint-space trajectory planning. [ ]
(a) Third- order polynomial (b) fifth- order polynomial (c) a & b (d) none
4. With number of constraints, a third-degree polynomial can be
used [ ]
142
17. If five cubic polynomials
with six path points have No. of constraints.
18. is the time sequence of position velocity acceleration of end effecter of a
manipulator.
19. The instruction means the robot should move its end-effector to the point
in space called SAFE.
20. is the locus of points to be traversed by the manipulator to execute the specified
task.
21. are the constraints additionally needed if we use a Fifth- degree polynomial
instead of third- degree polynomial for motion between two points.
22. Fifth- degree polynomial needs number of constraints.
22. The robots with electric drive systems have the devices like which are actuated
for required motion in the joints.
23. is the digital device works with photo transmitter and photo receiver for
controlling the position of the robot arm.
24. Potentiometers and resolvers are analog devises used for of the robot arm.
25. A series of discrete electric pulses are given as input to to get output in the form
of discrete angular motion increments.
26. Sensors used in robotics for part inspection for quality control. [True / False]
27. Hydraulic and pneumatic actuator are used in robots to provide position control at the joints.
[True / False]
28. Proximity and range Sensor selections depend on type of contact, force or pressure,
sensitivity, response, and repeatability. [True / False]
29. A resolve is an analog device whose output is proportional to the angle of rotation of a
rotating element with respect to a fixed element. [True / False]
30. A load cell mounted between the gripper and the wrist is acting as a force sensor in robot
arm with force sensing wrist. [True / False]
Unit 5
1. The material like
aluminum, copper and stainless steel are joined by Type of welding
[ ]
A) Arc welding B) MIG welding C) TIG welding D) None
2. Robot applications include
(a) welding (b) medical applications (c) assembly operations (d) a, b, & c
143
3. Spot welding tools, heating torch, spray painting nozzle can be used as
in robot application.
[ ]
(a) sensors (b) actuators (c) manipulators (d) end effectors
4. SCARA
robot is mainly used for [ ]
a) Painting b) Spot-welding c) Assembly tasks d) Arc-welding
5. In spray
painting operation by a robot, the end effectors takes the form of [ ]
a) Spray painting gun b) Paint holder c) Cleaner d) Water jet
6. Welding wire is used _ type of welding.
7. In assembly operations RCC Stands for
.
8. are some of the tasks that a robots can do better.
9. are the non- industrial applications of robot.
10. The end effectors of the robot arm used for spot welding application
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS
UNIT I
Part A: Q1 & 3; Part-B: Q 5,7&8
UNIT-II
Part-A: Q2, 3; Part-B: Q 4, 5 & 8
UNIT-III
Part-A: Q2 & 3; Part-B: Q3, 6 & 8
UNIT IV
Part-A: Q1, 2 & 3; Part-B: Q2, 7 & 8
UNIT V
Part-A: Q1 & 3; Part-B: Q5, 6 & 7
144
GURU NANAK INSTITUTIONS TECHNICAL CAMPUS
(AUTONOMOUS)
Pre-requisite: Thermodynamics
Objective:
Understand Basic concepts of refrigeration
Develop applications of refrigerator system
Formulate components deviations of practical (actual cycle) from ideal cycle
Solve construction and use of P.H chart problems
Design Load concepts of RSHF, ASHF. ESHF and ADP
Outcome:
Student able to identify Necessity of mechanical types of ideal cycle of refrigeration and application, unit
of refrigeration.
Student can able to explain about the working principle of VCR.
Student can able to analyze working and classification of system components.
Student can able to Calculate of Maximum COP principle operation of ammonia-water, Li Br-water system
UNIT I
Introduction to Refrigeration: - Necessity and applications Unit of refrigeration and C.O.P.
Mechanical Refrigeration Types of Ideal cycle of refrigeration.
Air Refrigeration: Bell Coleman cycle and Brayton Cycle, Open and Dense air systems
Actual air refrigeration system Refrigeration needs of Air crafts- Air systems Actual Air
refrigeration system Refrigeration needs of Air crafts Application of Air Refrigeration,
Justification Types of systems Problems.
UNIT II
Vapour compression refrigeration working principle and essential components of the plant
Simple Vapour compression refrigeration cycle COP Representation of cycle on T-S and p-h
charts effect of sub cooling and super heating cycle analysis Actual cycle Influence of
various parameters on system performance Use of p-h charts Problems.
UNIT III:
System Components: Compressors General classification comparison Advantages and
Disadvantages. Condensers classification Working Principles Evaporators classification
Working Principles
Expansion devices Types Working Principles
Refrigerants Desirable properties common refrigerants used Nomenclature Ozone
Depletion Global Warming Azeotropes and Zeotropes
UNIT IV:
Vapor Absorption System Calculation of max COP description and working of NH3 water
system Li Br system. Principle of operation Three Fluid absorption system, salient features.
Steam Jet Refrigeration System Working Principle and Basic Components
Principle and operation of (i) Thermoelectric refrigerator (ii) Vortex tube or Hilsch tube.
UNIT V:
Introduction to Air Conditioning:
Psychometric Properties & Processes Sensible and latent heat loads Characterization
Need for Ventilation, Consideration of Infiltration Load concepts of RSHF, ASHF, ESHF and
145
ADP.
Concept of human comfort and effective temperature Comfort Air conditioning Industrial air
conditioning and Requirements Air conditioning Load Calculations.
Air Conditioning systems - Classification of equipment, cooling, heating humidification and
dehumidification, filters, grills and registers, deodorants, fans and blowers.
Heat Pump Heat sources different heat pump circuits Applications.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. A Course in Refrigeration and Air conditioning / SC Arora & Domkundwar / Dhanpatrai
2. Refrigeration and Air Conditioning/ Manohar Prasad/ New Age
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Refrigeration and Air Conditioning / CP Arora / TMH.
2. Principles of Refrigeration - Dossat / Pearson Education
3. Basic Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Ananthanarayanan / TMH
Course Objectives:
Course outcomes:
s.no Description PO
MAPPING
1 Student able to identify Necessity of mechanical 3,3,1,1
types of ideal cycle of refrigeration and
application ,unit of refrigeration
2 Student can able to explain about the working 3,3,1,2,1,1,1
principle of VCR
3 Student can able to analyze working and 3,3,1,2,1,1
classification of system components
4 Student can able to Calculate of Maximum COP 3,3,2,1,1,2,2
principle operation of ammonia-water, Li Br-water
system
5 Student can able to Calculate of Maximum COP 3,1,2,1,1,3
principle operation of ammonia-water, Li Br-water
system
146
MAPPING OF CO s AND PO s:
B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 11 12 1
C
T 0
O
L
.1 C 0
O 1 3 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1
2 C 0
O 3 3 3 1 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0
2
C 0
O 2 3 3 1 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0
3
3
C 0
O 4 3 3 2 0 1 1 0 2 0 0 2 0
4
4
C 2
O 5 3 1 2 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 3
5
5
Blooms Taxonomy Level
1. Remember
2. Understand
3. Apply
4. Analyze
5. Evaluate
6. Create
1
B
o
o A Course in Refrigeration and Air conditioning / SC Arora&Domkundwar /
k Dhanpatrai
Reference Books
B
o
o
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning / Manohar Prasad / New Age
k
3
B
o
o
Refrigaration and air conditioning -- Kurmi
k
4
B
o
o
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning-P.L.Bellaney
k
5
B
o
o
Basic Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Ananthanarayanan / TMH
k
Chapters Nos N
o
o
B f
B B B B
o
Uni o o o o
Topic o c
t o o o o
k l
k k k k
a
2 3 4 5
1 s
s
e
s
I Introduction to 1 1 1 1 1 1
Refrigeration: Necessity and , , , , , 4
applications-unit of 2 2 2 2 2
Refrigeration and C.O.P- , , , , ,
refrigerators- mechanical 3 3 3 3
refrigrations-types of ideal 3 , , , ,
cycle of refrigetarion. , 4 4 4 4
Air refrigeration-Bell 4
Coleman and Brayton cycle, ,
open and dense air system- 5
actual refrigeration syatem ,
REfrigetions need of aircrafts 6
– air system- Applications of
148
air refigration, Justification-
Types of sytems - Problems
II Vapour compression
refrigeration- Working
Principal and essential
componpents of the plant
Simple VCR-COP
Represntations of cycle on Ts
7 5 3 5 5
and ph charts- effect of sub 1
, , , , ,
cooling of liquid- super 3
8 6 8 6 6
heating and cycle analysis-
Actual cycle influence of
various parameters on system
performance and use of P.H
chart problems.
III Components:
Compressors-General
classification- comparison
-Advantages and
1
Disadvantages.
2 7
Condensers- classification- 9
, ,
Working Principles , 7
1 7 8
Evaporators classification- 1 ,
3 , , 1
Working Principles 0 8
, 1 1 3
Expansion devices- Types - , ,
2 0 0
Working Principles 1 9
, ,1
Refrigerants- Derisable 2
1 1
Properties- common
4
refrigerants used-
Nomeclature-Ozone
Depletion Global Warming-
Azeotropes and zeotropes .
IV Vapour Absorption
refrigeration- Calculation of
Maximum COP- Description
1 1
and working of ammonia- 9
8 4
water, Li-Br-water system-, ,
, ,
Principle and operation of 1
2 1
Three Fluid vapour 1 0 1
2 5
absorption refrigeration 0 , 0 1
, ,
system, Silent features, ,1 1 ,1 2
1 1
Steam Jet Refrigeration 1 4 1
4 6
System - Working Principle- ,
, ,
basic operation . 1
1 1
Principle and operation of 5
5 7
thermoelectric refriegetaion
and vortex tube or Hilsch
tube.
V Psychometric Properties & 1 1 1 1 1
Process- sensible and latent 1 8 0 6 8 2
heat loads- characterization- 8 , ,1 , ,
Need for ventilation- , 2 1 1 2
consideration of infiltration- 2 0 , 8 0
load concepts of RSHF, 2 1
ASHF, ESHF, and ADP. 2
Concept of human comfort ,
and effective temperature- 1
comfort air conditioning- 3
industrial air conditioning ,
and Requirements- Air 1
conditioning load 4
calculations.
Air conditioning systems:
classification of equipment,
cooling, heating
humidification and
dehumidification, filter, grills
149
and registers fans and
blowers.
Heat pump heat sources
different heat pump circuits
Applications
Question Bank
Answers for Part A of Question bank
UNIT-I
1. What is the application of refrigeration?
Ans: Application of refrigeration:
1. Food processing, preseravtion and distribution,
6. Air conditioning.
150
3. Explain the cycle of Carnot refrigerator. (R-13 Oct/Nov- 2016 )
Ans: Refrigerator that operates on Reversed Carnot
cycle is called Carnot refrigerator
figure shows the schematic of Carnot refrigerator
A reversed Carnot cycle comprise of
four reversible cycles
1-2: isentropic compression
2-3: isothermal energy rejection
3-4: isentropic expansion
4-1: isothermal heat transfer
Heat engine
Refrigerator is a reversed heat engine which either cool or maintain the temp. of a body (T1)
lower than the atmospheric temp. (Ta)
This is done by extracting heat (Q1) from a cold body and delivering it
to a hot body (Q2). In doing so work WR is required to be done on the
system. According to first law of thermodynamics WR= Q2-Q1
The performance of refrigerator is expressed by the ratio of heat
taken from the cold body (Q 1) to the amount of work required to be
done on the system (WR). This ratio is called coefficient
of performance.
Refrigerator
UNIT-II
1. Explain the importance of superheating vapors before suction to compressor. How does
it affect COP of the system?
Ans: Superheating in the evaporator which obtains the increase in the refrigeration
effect is usually offset by a decrease in the refrigeration effect in the compressor .Because the
volumetric flow rate of a compressor is continuous, the mass flow rate and the refrigeration
151
effect are reduced by reductions in the refrigerant density caused by the super heating.
Since the increase in refrigerating effect is less as compared to the increase in work supplied, the
net effect of superheating is to reduce COP.
2. Discuss the effect of sub -cooling on COP. Would you desire large sub-cooling and
Why? (3m) (R-13) May- 2017
Ans: : Refrigeration effect without sub cooling= h1- h4
Refrigeration effect with sub cooling = h1- h4,
The ultimate effect of undercooling is to increase
the value of COP
Sub cooling is desirable because
1. Under cooling increases the refrigeration effect
for a same capacity.
2. Reduces the required mass flow rate.
3. Sub cooling ensures liquid entry into expansion
device and ensures its proper function
4. Reduces the vapour fraction at inlet to the
evaporator leading to the reduced pressure drop in
evaporator
Effect of sub cooling
3. What is the effect of superheating on COP of a
system? (R-13 Oct/Nov 2016)
Ans: 1. Superheating increases the refrigeration effect from h1-h4 to h1-h4,
compressor
2. The energy for compression of refrigerant vapor will
increase
compressor
3. Specific volume increases from v1 to v1,. This implies
the reduction in mass flow rate for the same
displacement volume of compressor
152
UNIT-III
1. What are the advantages of compressor in a refrigerator? (3M)(R-15) DEC-2018
Ans: Advantages of compressor in a refrigerator
1. It is not infrequent that the refrigerants dissolve oils and the lubrication conditions of compressor
deteriorate;
2. The aspirated steam has a low temperature and often carries drops of liquid;
3. Sometimes it can be observed a condensation of refrigerant in the cylinder (with intensive
cooling);
4. Often the refrigerants are very fluid and have a high permeability;
5. Increased requirements are always demanding to the refrigerating compressors: greater
reliability, considerable life-time, high efficiency, etc.
6. Operated over a wide range of changes in the suction and discharge pressures;
6. Bring out the principles of working of capillary tube. (R-13 Oct/Nov- 2016)
Ans:
When the refrigerant leaves the condenser and enters the capillary tube its pressure drops
down suddenly due to very small diameter of the capillary. In capillary the fall in pressure
of the refrigerant takes place not due to the orifice but due to the small opening of the
capillary. The decrease in pressure of the refrigerant through the capillary depends on
the diameter of the capillary and the length of the capillary. Smaller is the diameter and
more is the length of the capillary more is the drop in pressure of the refrigerant as it
passes through it.
10. What are the properties of ideal refrigerant? (R-13 May- 2016)
Ans:
1. Low boiling and freezing point
2. High critical pressure and temperature
3. High latent heat of vapourisation
4. High thermal conductivity
5. Non- flammable and non- explosive
6. Non toxic, low cost
7. Mixes well with oil
8. High coefficient of performance
UNIT-IV
1. What are the components of vapor absorption refrigeration system
(2M)(R-15) April 2018
Ans- The most basic components of a vapor absorption cycle are the evaporator,
absorber, pump(s), and generator. a condenser and throttle valves. Two major types
of absorption refrigeration system design exist: the two fluids and the three
fluid absorption systems.
2. What are the differences between vapor compression and absorption refrigeration
systems? (3)(R-15) Apl-2018
Ans-
Vapor Vapor
.no Aspect Absorption Compression
System System
155
In Vapor
The only moving
compression the
part of Vapor
moving part is
Moving part in absorption
1 the compressor
the system refrigeration
which operated
system is the
by electric motor
pump.
or engine .
3. The steam jet refrigeration system is usually not economical above 350C condensing
temperatures . Justify the statement. (3)(R-15) - Dec-2018
Ans- This system uses the principle of boiling the water below 1000 C. If the pressure on the
surface of the water is reduced below atmospheric pressure, water can be made boil at low
temperatures. Water boils at 60 C, when the pressure on the surface is 5 cm of Hg and at 100 C,
when the pressure is 6.5 cms of Hg. The very low pressure or high vacuum on the surface of the
water can be maintained by throttling the steam through jets or nozzles.
7. What are different refrigerant and absorbers are used in different applications.
Ans- (2M) (R-13) Oct/Nov- 2016
In the vapor absorption system the refrigerant used is ammonia, water or lithium bromide.
The refrigerant gets condensed in the condenser and it gets evaporated in the evaporator. ...
Thus the absorber and the generator replace the compressor in the vapor absorption cycle
8. Explain the principle of steam jet refrigeration system.(3M) (R-13) Oct/Nov- 2016
Ans- A method of cooling involving the use of steam nozzles to reduce the pressure in a water
chamber so that the water boils at a low temperature; since heat is drawn from the water, it is
thus cooled
Principle: Steam is passed through a vacuum ejector of high efficiency to exhaust a separate,
closed vessel which forms part of a cooling water circuit. The partial vacuum in the vessel causes
some of the water to evaporate, thus giving up heat through evaporative cooling.
9. Explain about recuperation. (2M) ( R-13) May - 2016
Ans- The push-pull recovery method is used for transferring large volumes of liquid refrigerant.
During this process, the recovery unit pulls vapor from the recovery cylinder and produces high
pressure discharge gas that pushes liquid out of the HVAC system and back into
the recovery cylinder.
UNIT-V
1. What is wet bulb temperature? (2M)(R-15) Dec 2018
Ans- The wet-bulb temperature (WBT) is the temperature read by a thermometer covered in
water-soaked cloth (wet-bulb thermometer) over which air is passed.At 100% relative humidity,
the wet-bulb temperature is equal to the air temperature (dry-bulb temperature) and it is lower at
lower humidity. It is defined as the temperature of a parcel of air cooled to saturation (100%
relative humidity) by the evaporation of water into it, with the latent heat supplied by the parcel. A
wet-bulb thermometer indicates a temperature close to the true (thermodynamic) wet-bulb
temperature. The wet-bulb temperature is the lowest temperature that can be reached under
current ambient conditions by the evaporation of water only
10. What do you understand by effective room sensible heat factor? (2m) ( R-13) May-
2017
Ans- Effective Room Sensible Heat (ERSH) is the sum of all sensible heat gain that occurs in
the room including the gain due to the portion of the ventilation air which is bypassed.The supply
air to a conditioned space must have the capacity to offset simultaneously both the room
sensible and room latent heat loads. ... This line represents the psychometric process of the
supply air within the conditioned space and is called the room sensible heat factor line
11. With the help of psychometric chart, explain sensible heating and sensible cooling
process (R-13 May-
158
2017)
Ans- Sensible cooling During this process, the
moisture content of air remains constant but its
temperature decreases as it flows over a cooling coil.
For moisture content to remain constant, the surface of
the cooling coil should be dry and its surface
temperature should be greater than the dew point
temperature of air. If the cooling coil is 100% effective,
then the exit temperature of air will be equal to the coil
temperature.
Sensible heating During this process, the moisture
content of air remains constant and its temperature
increases as it flows over a heating coil. The sensible
heating process is represented by a straight horizontal
line on the Psychometric chart. Sensible heating of the
air is important when the air conditioner is used as the
heat pump to heat the air. In the heat pump the air is
heated by passing it over the condenser coil
13. Draw comfort chart and indicate comfort zone. (3m) (R-13) Oct/Nov- 2016
Ans-
14. What is the meaning of air conditioning? (2m) ( R-13) May- 2016
Ans- a system for controlling the humidity, ventilation, and temperature in a building or vehicle,
typically to maintain a cool atmosphere in warm conditions.
15. Explain the relation between wet bulb temperature, sensible heaters, sensible cooling.
159
(3m) ( R-13) May- 2016
Sensible Heating of the Air
Sensible heating process is opposite to sensible cooling process. In sensible heating process the
temperature of air is increased without changing its moisture content. During this process the
sensible heat, DB and WB temperature of the air increases while latent of air, and the DP point
temperature of the air remains constant.
Sensile Cooling of the Air
Cooling of the air is one of the most common Psychometric processes in the air conditioning
systems. The basic function of the air-conditioners is to cool the air absorbed from the room or
the atmosphere, which is at higher temperatures. The sensible cooling of air is the process in
which only the sensible heat of the air is removed so as to reduce its temperature, and there is
no change in the moisture content (kg/kg of dry air) of the air. During sensible cooling process the
dry bulb (DB) temperature and wet bulb (WB) temperature of the air reduces, while the latent
heat of the air, and the dew point (DP) temperature of the air remains constant. There is overall
reduction in the enthalpy of the air
Wet-bulb temperature. The wet-bulb temperature(WBT) is the temperature read by a
thermometer covered in water-soaked cloth (wet-bulb thermometer) over which air is passed. At
100% relative humidity, the wet-bulb temperature is equal to the air temperature (dry-bulb
temperature) and it is lower at lower humidity.
160
]
a. Carnot cycle b. Rankine cycle
c. reversed Carnot cycle d. Bell-Colleman cycle
9 In air conditioning of aeroplanes, using air as a refrigerant, the cycle used is [
]
a. reversed Carnot cycle b. reversed Joule cycle
c. reversed Brayton cycle d. reversed Otto cycle
10 A boot strap air cooling system has [
]
a. one heat exchanger b. two heat exchanger
c. three heat exchangers d. four heat exchanger
FILL IN THE BLANKS
1 1) __________ is the ratio between the heat extracted and the work done.
3 3) The COP for a Carnot refrigerator is __________ than that of Carnot heat pump.
5 5) The reduced ambient air cooling system is used for very __________ speed
aircrafts.
6 6) In a closed or dense air refrigeration cycle, the operating pressure ratio can be
reduced, which results in _________ coefficient of performance.
c. in which the exit from evaporator has refrigerant with high dryness fraction
161
d. in which the inlet to the evaporator has refrigerant with some dryness fraction
3 10) In a liquid chillers when the liquid to be chilled is the shell and refrigerant
flows in the tubes it is fitted with
6 19) The work requirement for a reciprocating compressor is minimum when the
compression process is
[ ]
a. Isothermal b. Isentropic
c. Polytrophic d. Adiabati
7 20) The pressure at the inlet of a refrigerant compressor is called [ ]
a. suction pressure b. discharge pressure
c. critical pressure d. back pressure
8 Which device is used for the expansion of refrigerant in vapour compression
refrigeration cycle?
[
]
a. throttling valve b. capillary tube
c. either throttling valve or capillary tube d. none of the above
9 Wet compression is [
]
162
2 In a compound vapour compression refrigeration system, the compression
refrigerant carried out in ________ compressor.
5
What is the result of superheating of vapour at the evaporator outlet?
__________
6
The accumulator in a refrigeration system is installed at the__________
8 10) In a liquid chillers when the liquid to be chilled is the shell and refrigerant
flows in the tubes it is fitted with
[ ]
a. float valve b. thermostatic
expansion valve
c. thermostatic d. none
9 12) Natural convention air cooled condenser are used for
[ ]
a. domestic refrigerators b. water coolers
c.room air conditioners d. all of these
10 13) The Bare tube evaporators are also known as
[ ]
a. prime surface b. extended surface
c. both a & b d. none the above
FILL IN THE BLANKS
1 1) Evaporator condenser use __________.
a. condenser b. evaporator
c. absorber d. none of these
11 6) The freon group of refrigerants are [ ]
a. hollow-carbon refrigerants b. azeotrope
refrigerants
c. inorganic refrigerants d. hydro-carbon refrigerants
12 Which of the following refrigerants is highly toxic and flammable [ ]
a. ammonia b. CO2
c. sulphur dioxide d. R-12
13 In a stem jet refrigeration system the motive steam expands in [ ]
a. convergent nozzle b. divergent nozzle
c. convergent-divergent nozzle d. any nozzle
14 The velocity of steam at the exit from nozzles is [ ]
165
a. supersonic b. sonic
c. subsonic d. none of these
15 COP of the steam jet refrigeration system varies from
a. 0.5 to 0.8 b. 2 to 4
c. 5 to 10 d. none the above
16 Air refrigerator works on
166
19. The process of removing the moisture from the food product is called
____________________
20. The COP of practical vapour compression system is ____________________ as
compared to that for vapour absorption system
5 The conditioned air supplied to the room must have the capacity to take up
[ ]
a. room sensible heat load only b. room latent heat load only
c. both a & b d. none the above
6 The wet bulb depression is zero, when relative humidity is equal to
[ ]
a. zero b. 0.5
c. 0.75 d. 1.0
7 If relative humidity is 100%, then
[ ]
a. DBT > WBT b. WBT > DBT
c. DBT = WBT d. DBT = 1/2 WBT
8 The curved line on a psychometric chart indicates [
]
a. DBT b. WBT
c. specific humidity d. relative humidity
9 The alignment circle is marked on the psychometric chart at [ ]
a. 200 C DBT and 50% RH b. 260 C DBT and 50% RH
c. 200 C and 60% RH d. 260 C DBT and 60% RH
10 The ambient air temperature as recorded by ordinary thermometer is called
[ ]
a. WBT b. Due Point Temperature
c. DBT d. Saturation Temperature
11 Standard barometric pressure is [
]
a. 1.0332 Kgf/cm2 b. 760 mm of Hg
c. 1013.25 bar d. all of the above
167
12 1) The barometric pressure = 1.03 bar, the saturation at the DBT = 0.06 bar,
actual vapour pressure at same DBT = 0.03 bar. The relative humidity is
[ ]
a. 33.33% b. 50%
c. 48.5% d. none of the above
14 Effective temperature depends on [
]
a. only DBP b. DBT& WBT
c. DBT & RH d. DBT, WBT & Air
motion
DBT is 200C, WBT is 200 C, Then effective temperature is [ ]
15 a. 200 C b. less than 200C
c. more than 200c d. not determinable
16 When the outside air is introduced for ventilation purpose, there is [ ]
a. sensible heat gain b. latent heat gain
c. a & b d. none
17 The recommended outside air required per person for theatres is [ ]
a. 0.23 m3/min b. 0.36 m3/min
c. 0.45 m3/min d. 1.5 m3/min
18 The wet bulb temperature during sensible heating of air [ ]
a. remains constant b. increases
c. decreases d. None of the above
ASSIGNMENTS QUESTIONS
169
UNIT-1 (Short Questions)
1 What is the application of refrigeration?
2 Explain the term tonne of refrigeration.
3 Explain the cycle of Carnot refrigerator.
4 Distinguish between Engine and Refrigerator.
5 What is the meaning of air conditioning?
Long questions
1 What is an ideal COP of a refrigerator? Derive an expression
2 Dense air is used as refrigerant in Bell Coleman cycle. The temperatures at
the end of the heat absorption and heat rejection are 50C and 300C
respectively. The pressure ratio is 4 bars and the pressure in the cooler is 6
bars. Determine:
ii) Volume flow rates at inlet to compressor and outlet to turbine for 2 TR
cooling capacity.
3 How does the increase in condenser temperature affect COP.? Also explain
the influence of evaporator temperature on COP. Which of the two
temperatures have more influence on COP?
4 What is the difference between a refrigerator and a heat pump? Derive an expression for the
performance factor for both if they are running on reserved Carnot cycle.
5 A Carnot refrigerator operates between the temperatures of 50 0C and 500C. Determine COP of the
refrigerator. If the COP is to be made 4 by changing the temperatures such that increase or decrease
in upper temperature is equal to decrease or increase in lower temperature, determine the new
temperatures
UNIT-2 (Short Questions)
1 Explain the importance of superheating vapors before suction to compressor.
How does it affect COP of the system?
2 Discuss the effect of sub -cooling on COP. Would you desire large sub-
cooling and
Why?
3 What is the effect of superheating on COP of a system?
4 Draw the refrigeration cycle on Ts diagram when the refrigerant is dry and
saturated at end of compression.
Long questions
1 State the effects of suction pressure and discharge pressure on performance
of vapor compression system
2 Sketch the T-s and p-h diagrams for the vapor compression cycles when the
vapor after compression is i) dry saturated and ii) wet.
3 How does an actual vapor compression cycle differ from that of a theoretical
cycle?
4 A R-12 refrigerating machine works on vapor compression cycle. The
temperature of refrigerant in the evaporator is -20 0C. The vapor is dry
saturated when it enters the compressor and leaves it in a superheated
condition. The condenser temperature is 30 0C. Assuming specific heat at
constant pressure for R-12 in the superheated condition as 1.884 kJ/kg K,
determine:
UNIT I
Fundamentals of CAD,CAM, Automation , design process, Application of computers for design, Benefits
of CAD, Computer configuration for CAD applications, Computer peripherals for CAD Design
workstation, Graphic terminal, CAD software- definition of system software and application software
,CAD database and structure.
Geometric Modeling: 3-D wire frame modeling, wire frame entities and their definitions, Interpolation
and approximation of curves, Concept of parametric and non-parametric representation of curves, Curve
fitting techniques, and definitions of cubic spline, Bezier, and B-spline.
UNIT II:
Surface modeling: Algebraic and geometric form, Parametric space of surface, Blending
functions,parametrization of surface patch, Subdividing, Cylindrical surface, Ruled surface, Surface of
revolution Spherical surface, Composite surface, Bezier surface. B-spline surface, Regenerative surface
and pathological conditions.
Solid Modelling: Definition of cell composition and spatial occupancy enumeration, Sweep
representation, Constructive solid geometry, Boundary representations.
UNIT III:
NC Control Production Systems: Numerical control, Elements of NC system, NC part programming:
Methods of NC part programming, manual part programming, Computer assisted part programming, Post
Processor, Computerized part program, SPPL (A Simple Programming Language). CNC, DNC and
Adaptive Control Systems.
UNIT IV:
Group Technology: Part families, Parts classification and coding. Production flow analysis, Machine cell
design.
Computer aided process planning: Difficulties in traditional process planning, Computer aided process
planning: retrieval type and generative type, Machinability data systems.
Computer aided manufacturing resource planning: Material resource planning, inputs to MRP, MRP
output records, Benefits of MRP, Enterprise resource planning, Capacity requirements planning
UNIT V:
Flexible manufacturing system: F.M.S equipment, FMS layouts, Analysis methods for FMS benefits of
FMS.
Computer aided quality control: Automated inspection- Off-line, On-line, contact, Non-contact;
Coordinate measuring machines, Machine vision.
Computer Integrated Manufacturing: CIM system, Benefits of CIM
SUGGESTED BOOKS:
Text Books
1. CAD/CAM Principles and Applications, P.N.Rao, TMH
2. CAD/CAM Concepts and Applications, Alavala, PHI
Reference:
1. CAD/CAM /Groover M.P., Pearson education
2. CAD / CAM Theory and Practice,/ Ibrahim Zeid,TMH
171
3. CAD / CAM / CIM, Radhakrishnan and Subramanian, New Age
4. Principles of Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing, Farid Amirouche, Pearson
5. Computer Numerical Control Concepts and programming, Warren S Seames, Thomson.
IV UNIT -IV: 15
172
TOTAL HOURS 64
Tutorial Classes 10
Descriptive Tests 02
Classes for beyond syllabus 02
Remedial Classes/NPTEL 02
Total Number of Classes 80
TEXT/REFERENCE BOOKS:
T/R BOOK TITLE/AUTHORS/PUBLICATION
T1 CAD/CAM Principles and Applications, P.N.Rao, TMH
T2 CAD/CAM Concepts and Applications, Alavala, PHI
R1 CAD/CAM /Groover M.P., Pearson education
R2
CAD / CAM Theory and Practice,/ Ibrahim Zeid,TMH
R3
CAD / CAM / CIM, Radhakrishnan and Subramanian, New Age
R4
Principles of Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing, Farid Amirouche, Pearson
R5
Computer Numerical Control Concepts and programming, Warren S Seames, Thomson
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
To provide an overview of how computers are being used in design, development of manufacturing plans
and manufacture. To understand the need for integration of CAD and CAM.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course students will demonstrate the ability to
S.NO DESCRIPTION
1 Students shall be able to understand about fundamentals of CAD/CAM, application of
computers in CAD, computer peripherals and software for CAD and geometric modeling
2 Students can learn concepts and applications of surface and solid modeling
3 Students can gain knowledge on principles of working of NC and CNC machines and part
programming and understand the techniques of computer aided process planning and
manufacturing resource planning
4 Describe the use of GT and CAPP for the product development.
5. Students can understand about Flexible Manufacturing System, inspection techniques used
in computer aided quality control and benefits of CIMS
173
Question Bank
Unit – I
Part B (5 Marks )
1 What are the basic reasons for implementing CAD/CAM applications L1 CO1
in design and manufacturing process? R13 MAY 2019 [ 5M]
2 List the major specifications of a design workstation. R13 MAY L4 CO1
2019 [ 5M]
3 Describe the sources of ambiguities in the wire frame modeling of an L3 CO1
object. R13 MAY 2019 [ 5M]
4 Enumerate the properties of the Bezier basis functions. R13 MAY L1 CO1
2019 [ 5M]
5 Find the equations of a Bezier curve which is defined by four control L2 CO1
points as (80,30,0), (100,100,0), (200,100,0) and (250,30,0). R13
MAY 2019 [ 5M]
174
6 Briefly describe the types of storage devices used in L2 CO1
computers? R15 DEC 2018 [5M]
7 Explain the concepts of parametric and non- parametric L2 CO1
with examples? R15 DEC 2018 [5M]
8 Write the properties of Bezier and B-spline curves? L2 CO1
R15 DEC 2018 [5M]
9 What is Hermite cubic spline curve ? Derive a general L3 CO1
characteristic equation for cubic spline curve? R15
DEC 2018 [5M]
10 Find the equation of Bezier curve which is defined by four L3 CO1
(250,30,0) control points as (80,30,0) ( 100,100,0 )
(200,100,0 ) and ( ) R15 DEC 2018 [5M]
11 Compare the traditional and CAD/CAM of product cycle? L2 CO1
R13 MAY 2018 [ 5M]
12 What are the applications of computers in design? R13 L1 CO1
MAY 2018 [ 5M]
13 Differentiate between interpolation and approximation of L4 CO1
curves? R13 MAY 2018 [ 5M]
14 Derive the parametric equation for Hermite cubic curve? L3 CO1
List out its characteristics? R13 MAY 2018 [ 5M]
15 What are the Requirements of Geometric Modeling L2 CO1
( R13 NOV-2017)
16 Describe with the help of neat sketches the major surface L2 CO1
entities provided by the CAD/CAM Systems.
( R13 NOV-2017)
17 What is the most commonly used graphics terminal? Explain its L2 CO1
working? ( R13 NOV-2017)
18 Define the cubic spline and Bezier curves? Which of them more L1 CO1
popular in CAD and why? ( R13 NOV-2017)
19 Briefly explain the conventional process of the product cycle in L2 CO1
conventional manufacturing environment (R13 NOV-2016)
20 Draw the Block diagram of the data exchange method between L2 CO1
two different CAD systems using natural data format
(R13 NOV-2016)
175
Unit - I I
Part A (2 Marks )
1 List the various Boolean operations used in solid modelling? L1
CO2
R13 MAY 2019 [ 2M]
2 Suggest the procedure that is required the surfaces of the vanes L3 CO2
and inner projections of the shroud of a mixed flow impeller?
R13 MAY 2019 [ 3M]
3 What is meant by surface patch? R15 DEC 2018 [2M] L1 CO2
4 What are the Boolean operations used in solid modelling? L1
CO2
R15 DEC 2018[3M]
5 What is subdividing? R13 MAY 2018 [ 2M] L1 CO2
6 Write the parametric equation of ruled surface?R13 MAY L2 CO2
2018 [ 3M]
7 What are the Properties of B-Spline Curve? L1
(R13 NOV-17) CO2
11 What are the methods used for surface Representation (R09 L1 CO2
NOV-15)
Unit – II
Part B (5 Marks )
1 A cylindrical surface is generated by sweeping a quarter circle in the L4
xy plane along the z-axis by 4 units. The quarter circle has a unit
radius and is centered at (0,0,0). Derive the parametric equation of
the surface. if the surface is represented by the B-spline surface, CO2
determine the knot values and the coordinates of the control points.
R13 MAY 2019 [ 5M]
2 Distinguish between solid modeling using CSG technique and B-rep L4 CO2
technique. R13 MAY 2019 [ 5M]
3 Describe the Euler-Poincare formula with suitable examples. R13 L2 CO2
MAY 2019 [ 5M]
176
4 Construct the CSG tree and CSG expression for a solid model as L3
shown in fig. R13 MAY 2019 [ 5M]
CO2
177
continuity curves?
17 Find the equation of Bezier curve which is defined by four L3 CO2
control points as (80,30,0) (100,100,0) (200,100,0) and
(250,30,0) (R13 NOV-2016)
18 What are the various methods used for surface Representation L1 CO2
and mention their utility in developing CAD Software (R09
JUNE-14)
Unit – III
Part B (5 Marks )
1 Compare the open loop NC control system with closed loop NC L2 CO3
control system. R13 MAY 2019 [ 5M]
178
2 Write part program manually to mill the edges of the plate as shown L3 CO3
in fig. all the dimensions are in mm. assume thickness as 15 mm.
3 Explain the usage of IJK part programming method of arc generation. L2 CO3
R13 MAY 2019 [ 5M]
4 Write a manual part program to finish turn a hemispherical end on a L3 CO3
stainless steel shaft of 30 mm diameter as shown in fig. assume
spindle speed as 650 rpm and feed rate as 0.5 mm/rev. R13 MAY
2019 [ 5M]
5 What are the main features of CNC Machine Tool? Write L1 CO3
any 10 G codes and 10 M codes with a short description?
R15 DEC 2018 [5M]
6 Discuss the advantages of computer assisted part L2 CO3
programming over manual part programming? R15
DEC 2018 [5M]
7 Write the NC part program for the part shown below L3 CO3
figure. All the dimensions are in mm? R15 DEC 2018
[5M]
8 Explain the difference between CNC and DNC along with L2 CO3
neat sketches? R15 DEC 2018 [5M]
9 Explain theconcept ofadaptive control ofNCmachines. L2 CO3
R13 MAY 2018 [ 5M]
179
10 Listoutvarious types GandMcodes functionsR13 MAY 2018 [ L1 CO3
5M]
11 How are NC machines are classified ? Explain them with L4 CO3
neat sketches?R13 MAY 2018 [ 5M]
12 With neat sketches, write down the procedure for manual L3 CO3
part programming? R13 MAY 2018 [ 5M]
13 A circle radius 5 units having centre located at point L3 CO3
(20,10,0) is rotated about the X-axis by an angle 2∏ to
obtain a surface of revolution? Calculate the surface point
at theta = ∏ and phi = ∏ ? R13 MAY 2018 [ 5M]
14 Distinguish between ACO (Adaptive Control Optimization) and L4 CO3
ACC (Adaptive control constraint) types of adaptive control
systems? (R13 NOV-2017)
10 Explain the terms PDIR, MRIR and CAPP? (R13 DEC-16) L2 CO4
Unit – IV
Part B (5 Marks )
1 Discuss the different stages of group technology plan. Discuss the L2 CO4
types of work that are to be conducted at each stage of the plan. R13
MAY 2019 [ 5M]
2 Explain in detail about production flow analysis R13 MAY 2019 L2 CO4
[ 5M]
3 Explain in detail about the methods used in Computer Aided process L2 CO4
planning . R13 MAY 2019 [ 5M]
4 Differentiate between the enterprise resource planning and capacity L4 CO4
requirements planning. R13 MAY 2019 [ 5M]
181
14 How the part families are segregated in group technology and L4 CO4
explain its importance in automated manufacturing ?(R13, Dec-
16)
2 Compare FMS with transfer lines and CNC on the basis of volume L2 CO5
and variety of parts produced. R13 MAY 2019 [ 5M]
3 Compare different CIM Models with particular reference to the flow L2 CO5
182
of information. R13 MAY 2019 [ 5M]
4 Differentiate between on-line/in-process and on-line/post process L4 CO5
inspection methods. R13 MAY 2019 [ 5M]
5 Describe the following with respect to CIM? L2
i) Process monitoring and control
CO5
ii) Quality control
R15 DEC 2018 [5M]
6 How does lean manufacturing system different from flexible L4 CO5
manufacturing system? R15 DEC 2018 [5M]
7 How do you evaluate the performance of FMS? L4
CO5
R15 DEC 2018 [5M]
8 Explain the following terms? R15 DEC 2018 [5M] L2 CO5
i. On line inspection
ii. Off-line inspection
iii. In process inspection
iv. Post process inspection
9 Explain the difference between CNC and DNC along with L2
CO5
neat sketches? R15 DEC 2018 [5M]
10 Discuss thefollowing types oflayouts inthedesign ofFMS. L2 CO5
a)Circular layoutb}.Linear.Layout c).looplayout
d)FreelayoutR13 MAY 2018 [ 10M]
11 Explain following inspection systems L2
i) On line inspection
ii) Off-line inspection
iii) In process inspection CO5
iv) Post process inspection
183
TUTORIAL CLASSES
S. No. Date Topic delivered HOD Sign
UNIT 1
Tutorial- 1
1 26/7/19 Define CAD and CAM System? Enlist various CAD software?
4 2/8/19 Compute the size of an 640X480 image at 240 pixel per inch?
Tutorial -1
9 A Bezier curve is define by the control points as (30, 30), (50, 80),
(100,100) and (150, 30). Find the equation of the curve and its mid-
point?
Tutorial -2
10 6/9/2019 With examples explain the terms Analytical and Synthetic curves?
184
14 Verify the Euler Pioncare formula for a half-section of the cube
with three orthogonal through voids as shown in figure?
Tutorial -4
15 Verify the Euler Poincare formula for the figure given below:
16 Verify the Euler Poincare formula for the figure given below:
185
UNIT-3
Tutorial-1
Tutorial-2
UNIT-4
Tutorial-1
UNIT-5
Tutorial-1
Tutorial-2
Tutorial-3
187
GURU NANAK INSTITUTIONS TECHNICAL CAMPUS
(AUTONOMOUS)
IV Year B.Tech. Mech I-Sem LTPC
0032
(ME0743) CAD/CAM LAB
Pre-requisites: CAD/ CAM .
Course objectives:
To be able to understand and handle design problems in a systematic manner. To be able to
apply CAD in real life applications. To be understand the basic principles of different types of
analysis.
Course out comes:
To understand the analysis of various aspects in of manufacturing design
Note: conduct any TEN excercises from the list gien below:
1. Drafting: Development of part drawings for various components in the form of orthographic
and isometric. Representation of dimensioning and tolerances.
2. Part Modeling: Generation of various 3D Models through Protrusion, revolve, sweep.
Creation of various features. Study of parent child relation. Feature based and Boolean
based modeling and Assembly Modeling. Study of various standard Translators. Design of
simple components.
3. Determination of deflection and stresses in 2D and 3D trusses and beams.
4. Determination of deflections, principal and Von-mises stresses in plane stress, plane strain
and Axi-symmetric components.
5. Determination of stresses in 3D and shell structures (at least one example in each case)
6. Estimation of natural frequencies and mode shapes, Harmonic response of 2D beam.
7. Study state heat transfer analysis of plane and axi-symmetric components.
8. Development of process sheets for various components based on Tooling and Machines.
9. Development of manufacturing defects and tool management systems.
10. Study of various post processors used in NC Machines.
11. Development of NC code for free form and sculptured surfaces using CAM software.
12. Machining of simple components on NC lathe and Mill by transferring NC Code / from CAM
software.
13. Quality Control and inspection.
188
GURU NANAK INSTITUTIONS TECHNICAL CAMPUS
(AUTONOMOUS)
IV Year B.Tech. Mech I-Sem LT PC
0032
(ME0744) REFRIGERATION & AIR CONDITIONING LAB
Prerequisites: R & A.C theory
Basic Principles of thermodynamics
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to determine the parameters of vapour
compression system, heat pump and air conditioning unit. Evaluate the COP of different
refrigeration systems. Understand the simulation of refrigeration systems
1. Determination of performance parameters of Vapor Compression Refrigeration System
2. Experimental Evaluation of performance parameters of Mechanical Heat Pump
3. Determination of performance parameters of using Air conditioning Lab unit
4. Determination of COP of Vapor Absorption Refrigeration system
5. Determination of COP of Vortex Tube Refrigerator
6. Simulation of refrigeration system for different operating conditions and working fluids using
Refrigeration simulation software
7. Visit to any refrigeration or air conditioning plant.
189
V. R&D / PROJECTS / CONSULTANCY
GNITC has developed a Research Centre at campus to carry out research projects and technology
transfer in the following fields: 1. Robotics and Industrial Controls. 2. Solar Application Development.
3. Machine Vision Lab. 4.Incubation Centre with VLSI and Signal Processing. 5. Solar Application
Research. 6. Center for Non-Destructive Evaluation.
1. ROBOTICS AND INDUSTRIAL CONTROL:
The Lab has been established with help of robolab to carry out training and research. More than 35
faculty and students are already trained and they are actively involved in research. More than 300
students are members of Robotic Club.
2. SOLAR APPLICATION DEVOLOPMENT: The lab has been developed to carry out research in
the field of Solar Application Research.
3. MACHINE VISION: Research centre to train faculty in machine vision has been developed. All
disciplines like simulation design and implementation have been brought on one platform. This Lab
uses image based automatic analysis of application such as automatic, process control or robotic
guidance.
4. Incubation Centre: 30 complies have been developed to provide facilities to design a research
project by faculty and students and test their programs. The lab is being used to realize the ideas by the
students and develop similar software.
5. SOLAR APPLICATION RESEARCH: The developed centre concentrates on development of PV
cell, module development, material research for development of DSSE and silicon solar cell. The
centre has collaboration with IICT Hyderabad, MS University, Baroda and IIT Bombay.
6. CENTER FOR NON DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION: It is established for study of quality
assurance of Aero-Space and Nuclear reengineering materials. Basic NDT methods, such as magnetic
partial inspection, liquid penetrate test, visible inspection and ultrasonic flaw detector are installed to
study various defects of metal materials. This centre is sponsored by Department of Atomic Energy
and AICTE under RPS. Non-destructive evaluation is extremely diverse and multi-disciplinary,
involving the fields of Applied Physics, Materials Science and Engineering, Mechanical Engineering,
Structural Engineering, Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, Electronics, Technologies of Signal
Processing and Artificial Intelligence. Centre for Non-destructive Evaluation has been established in
Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus in 2012
190
191