INTRODUCTION

CNC turning produces parts by "turning" rod material and feeding a cutting tool into the turning
material. In CNC turning the cutter can be fed into the rotating workpiece at a variety of angles
and many tool shapes can be used.
CNC turning provides an economical way to make parts that are commonly symmetrical about
an axis of revolution (e.g. a chess pawn). Shapes that can be made using CNC turning include a
variety of plain, taper, contour, fillet and radius profiles plus threaded surfaces. Although many
turned parts use a single axis of revolution, there can be multiple axis to allow more flexibility
(e.g. camshafts). CNC turning can be combined with CNC milling and other processes to make
more diverse shapes.

CNC turning can shape most rigid materials such as:

 Aluminum
 Stainless Steel

 Copper
 Nylon
 Steel
 Acetal
 Polycarbonate
 Acrylic
 Brass
 Teflon
 Titanium
 ABS
 PVC
 Sterling Silver
 Bronze

Examples of parts made by CNC turning include:

 Robot Parts
 Shift knobs

 Motorcycle Parts
 Auto Parts
 Toy Parts
  Knobs
 Pulleys
 Shafts
 Hubs
 Bushings
 Flywheels

SPECIFICATION OF CNC TURNING BRIDGEPORT POWERPATH 15

Machine type : horizontal

Number of axes : 2

Cutting diameter : 280mm

Cutting length : 540mm

Bar/bore : 51mm

Tool station : 0

Spindle : 1

Motor power :11 Kw

Spindle speed : 5000rpm

 M00 Program Stop

M01 Optional Stop

M03 Spindle Rotation CW

BRIDGEPORT/ POWERPATH 15
M04 Spindle Rotation CCW

M05 Spindle Stop

M08 Coolant ON

M09 Coolant OFF

M10 Chuck Close

M11 Chuck Open

FANUC CONTROL
M30 End Of Program
G-CODES M-CODES
M82 Tail Stock Quill Advance
G0 Positioning (Rapid Traverse)
M83 Tail Stock Quill Retract
G01 Linear Interpolation

G02 Circular Interpolation CW

G03 Circular Interpolation CCW

G04 Dwell

G28 Return To Reference Point

G30 Floating Reference Point

G40 Tool Nose Radius Compensation CANCEL

G41 Tool Nose Radius Compensation LEFT

G42 Tool Nose Radius Compensation RIGHT

G50 Maximum Spindle Speed

G70 Finishing Cycle

G71 Stock Removal Turning

G72 Stock Removal Facing

G73 Copy Turning

G76 Thread Cutting Cycle

G80 Canned Cycle CANCEL

G81 Drill Canned Cycle

G82 Spot Drill Canned Cycle

G83 Peck Drill Canned Cycle M00 Program Stop

G84 Tapping Canned Cycle M01 Optional Stop

G96 Constant Speed Control ON M03 Spindle Rotation CW

G97 Constant Speed Control CANCEL M04 Spindle Rotation CCW

OSP CONTROL M05 Spindle Stop

G-CODES M08 Coolant ON

M-CODES

G0 Positioning (Rapid Traverse) M09 Coolant OFF

G01 Linear Interpolation M02 End Of Program

G02 Circular Interpolation CW M55 Tail Stock Quill Retract

G03 Circular Interpolation CCW M56 Tail Stock Quill Advance

G04 Dwell M63 Ignore Spindle Rotation And M

Code Answer
G28 Return To Reference Point
M83 Chuck Clamp
G30 Floating Reference Point
M84 Chuck Open
G40 Tool Nose Radius Compensation CANCEL

G41 Tool Nose Radius Compensation LEFT

G42 Tool Nose Radius Compensation RIGHT

G50 Maximum Spindle Speed
G70 Finishing Cycle
G80 End Of Lap Cycle
G81 Start Of Lap Turning Cycle
G82 Start Of Lap Facing Cycle
G85 Stock Removal Turning
G86 Copy Turning
G96 Constant Speed Control ON
G97 Constant Speed Control CANC
COMMONLY USED G-CODES IN CNC LATHE
G00 - Rapid positioning
G01 - feedrate positioning
G02 – arc clockwise
G03 – counter clockwise
G04 - dwell
G07 – federate sine curve control
G10 – data setting
G11 – data setting cancel
G17 – x-y plane
G18 – x-z plane
G19 – y-z plane
G20 – inch unit
G21 – metric units
G22 – stored stroke check ON
G23 – stored stroke check OFF
G27 – reference point return check
G28 – automatic zero return
G29 – return from zero position
G30 – 2nd reference point return
G57 – workpiece coordinate setting #4
G58 – workpiece coordinate setting #5
G59 – workpiece coordinate setting #6
G61 – exact stop check mode
G62 – automatic corner override
G63 – tapping mode
G64 – cutting mode
G65 – user macro call
G66 – user macro call (modal)
G67 – user macro call cancel (modal)
G70 – finishing cycle
G71 – turning cycle
G72 – facing cycle
G73 – pattern repeat
G74 – drilling cycle
G75 – grooving cycle
G76 – threading cycle
G80 – canned cycle cancel
G83 – face drilling cycle
G31 – skip function
G32 – thread cutting
G36 – automatic tool compensation
G40 – tool compensation cancel
G41 – tool compensation left
G42 – tool compensation right
G46 – automatic tool compensation
G50 – coordinate system setting
G52 – local coordinate system setting
G53 – machine coordinate system setting
G54 – workpiece coordinate setting #1
G55 – workpiece coordinate setting #2
G56 – workpiece coordinate setting #3
PROJECT 1
O0011;
N10 G28 U0.0 W0.0;
N20 G92 S1500;
G84 – face tapping cycle
G86 – face boring cycle
G90 – absolute positioning
G91 – incremental positioning
G92 – OD thread cutting cycle
G94 – face turning cycle
G96 – constant speed control
G97 – constant speed control cancel
G98 – federate per time
G99 – federate per revolution
G107 – cylindrical interpolation
G112 – polar coordinate interpolation
G113 – polar coordinate interpolation cancel
N160 G01 X50.0 Z-60.0;
N170 G70 P80 Q160;
N180 G28 U0.0 W0.0;
N190 M09;
N200 M05;
N210 M30;
N30 T0505;

N40 G96 S1000 F0.3 M03 M08;

N50 G90 G00 X52.0 Z3.0;

N60 G71 U0.2 R0.2;

N70 G71 P80 Q160 U0.1 W0.1;

N80 G01 X0.0 Z0.0;

N90 G01 X38.0 Z0.0;

N100 G01 X38.0 Z-15.0;

N110 G01 X42.0 Z-15.0;

N120 G01 X42.0 Z-30.0;

N130 G01 X46.0 Z-30.0;

N140 G01 X46.0 Z-45.0;

N150 G01 X50.0 Z-45.0;

PROJECT 2

N140 G01 X58.0 Z-70.0;

N150 G70 P80 Q140;

N160 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N170 M09;

N180M05;

N190 M30;

O0021;
N10 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N20 G92 S1500;

N30 T0505;

N40 G96 S1000 F0.3 M03 M08;

N50 G90 G00 X60.0 Z3.0;

N60 G71 U0.2 R0.2;

N70 G71 P80 Q140 U0.1 W0.1;

N80 G01 X0.0 Z0.0;

N90 G01 X32.0 Z0.0;

N100 G01 X32.0 Z-15.0;

N110 G01 X42.0 Z-20.0;

N120 G01 Z42.0 Z-45.0;

N130 G01 X58.0 Z-55.0;

PROJECT 3

N140 G01 X120.0 Z-100.0;

N150 G01 X120.0 Z-150.0;

N160 G02 X140.0 Z-160.0 R10.0;

N170 G01 X160.0 Z-160.0;

N180 G01 X180.0 Z-175.0;

N190 G01 X180.0 Z-231.0;

N200 G70 P80 Q190.0;

N210 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N220 M09;

N230 M05;

N240 M30;
O0033;
N10 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N20 G92 S1500;

N30 T0505;

N40 G96 S1000 F0.3 M03 M08;

N50 G90 G00 X182.0 Z3.0;

N60 G71 U0.2 R0.2;

N70 G71 P80 Q190 U0.1 W0.1;

N80 G01 X0.0 Z0.0;

N90 G01 X40.0 Z0.0;

N100 G03 X60.0 Z-10.0 R10.0;

N110 G01 X60.0 Z-25.0;

N120 G01 X80.0 Z-40.0;

N130 G01 X80.0 Z-80.0;

PROJECT 4

N140 G01 X120.0 Z-100.0;

N150 G01 X120.0 Z-150.0;

N160 G02 X140.0 Z-160.0 R10.0;

N170 G01 X160.0 Z-160.0;

N180 G01 X180.0 Z-175.0;

N190 G01 X180.0 Z-231.0;

N200 G70 P80 Q190.0;

N210 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N220 M09;

N230 M05;

O0034; N240 M30;

N10 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N20 G92 S1500;

N30 T0505;

N40 G96 S1000 F0.3 M03 M08;

N50 G90 G00 X182.0 Z3.0;

N60 G71 U0.2 R0.2;

N70 G71 P80 Q190 U0.1 W0.1;

N80 G01 X0.0 Z0.0;

N90 G01 X40.0 Z0.0;

N100 G03 X60.0 Z-10.0 R10.0;

N110 G01 X60.0 Z-25.0;

N120 G01 X80.0 Z-40.0;

N130 G01 X80.0 Z-80.0;

N160 G01 X120.0 Z-80.0;
PROJECT 5
N170 G70 P80 Q160.0;

N180 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N190 M09;

N200 M05;

N210 M30;

O0035;

N10 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N20 G92 S1500;

N30 T0505;

N40 G96 S1000 F0.3 M03 M08;

N50 G90 G00 X122.0 Z3.0;

N60 G71 U0.2 R0.2;

N70 G71 P80 Q160 U0.1 W0.1;

N80 G01 X0.0 Z0.0;

N90 G01 X20.0 Z0.0;

N100 G01 X40.0 Z-20.0;

N110 G01 X40.0 Z-40.0;

N120 G02 X60.0 Z-50.0 R10.0;

N130 G01 X100.0 Z-65.0;

N140 G01 X100.0 Z-70.0;

N150 G01 X120.0 Z-70.0;

TOP’S PROGRAMME (PROGRAM GASING)

PROGRAMME 1
O0027;

N10 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N20 G92 S1500;

N30 T0505;

N40 G96 S1000 F0.3 M03;

N50 G90 G00 X26.5 Z3.0;

N60 G71 U0.2.R0.2;

N70 G71 P80 Q130 U0.1 W0.1;

N80 G01 X0.0 Z0.0;

N90 G01 X6.0 Z-3.0;

N100 G02 X12.0 Z-6.0 R3.0;

N110 G01 X16.5 Z-6.0;

N120 G03 X24.5 Z-10.0 R4.0;

N130 G01 X24.5 Z-23.0;

N140 G70 P80 Q130;

N150 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N160 M05;

N170 M30;

PROGRAMME 2
O0028;

N10 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N20 G92 S1500;

N30 T0505;

N40 G96 S1000 F0.3 M03;

N50 G90 G00 X26.5 Z3.0;

N60 G71 U0.2 R0.2;

N70 G71 P80 Q140 U0.1 W0.1;

N80 G01 X0.0 Z0.0;

N90 G01 X4.0 Z-3.0;

N100 G01 X4.0 Z-19.0;

N110 G01 X8.0 Z-21.0;

N120 G02 X12.0 Z-23.0 R2.0;

N130 G01 X16.5 Z-23.0;

N140 G03 X24.5 Z-27.0 R4.0;

N150 G70 P80 Q140;

N160 G28 U0.0 W0.0;

N170 M05;

N180 M30;
PROCEDURE OF CUTTING PROCESS OF WORKPIECE BY USING CNC TURNING
MACHINE
 Procedure To Start The CNC Turning Machine Figure

1. On main switch power.

2. On main switch at the CNC machine.

3. Release emergency stop button by rotating it .

4. On display monitor (green button) and then wait until

in ready. If not, when we convert the program, the
program will lost.

5. Press POS button (position).

6. Press PROG button (program)

7. Press ‘EDIT MODE’ ,then press DIR button
(directory)

8. Insert number and then press the arrow to look up

for program. Then, press ‘PAGE’ button and all the
program will display at the monitor.
9. Insert the alphanumeric data, then press ‘EOB’( en d
of block) and then press the ‘INSERT’ button. Repeat
this step until all data has been inserted.

10. Simulate the project base on inserted data by using the

folloing step:
- Press ‘RESET’ button
- Press ‘AUTOMODE’ button
- Press ‘GRAPH’ button outsie the monitor
- Press ‘GRAPH’ button at the monitor
- Press ‘OPRT’(operation) button at the monitor
- Press ‘EXEC’(exercise) button at the monitor

Procedure To Clamp The Workpiece Figure

1. Press ‘CLAMP’ button and make sure that the workpiece

is hold properly. Close the machine’s door CLAMP
BUTTON
2. Press the ‘MANUAL MODE’ to set the tool. Then press MDI MANUAL
the ‘MDI MODE’. Insert the alphanumeric data from the MODE MODE
start program until N40.

3. On the monitor and then on the power. Make sure that

the tool touch workpiece and then press the ‘MANUAL
MODE’.

4. Press ‘HANDLE Z’ button, then ‘HANDLE x100’ button

then ‘HANDLE X’ button until the tool touch Z axis. HANDLE HANDLE
X HANDLE Z
X100

5. When the tool has touch Z axis, press ‘OFFSET

SETTING’ button. After press ‘OFFSET SETTING’
button, press ‘SETTING’ button follow by ‘OFFSET’
and ‘GEOMETRY’ button.
Move the cursor to number 5 then insert the value of Z as
 Z0.0. Then press the measure button at the monitor.

OFFSET SETTING

6. Press ‘HANDLE Z’ follows by ‘HANDLE X’ until the

tool touch the workpiece. HANDLE HANDLE
X Z

7. Press ‘RESET’ button and then open the machine’s door.

Measure the diameter of the workpiece using vernier
caliper and then insert the value x using the reading
value.

-VERNIER CALIPER-
 Procedure To Cut The Workpiece Figure

1. Press ‘RESET’ button follow by ‘SINGLE BLOCK’

button. Then press the green button and off the
‘SINGLE BLOCK’button.

SINGLE
BLOCK

GREEN
BUTTON

2. Press green button again and on the power, then cutting

process start automatically. Get ready to press the
‘EMERGENCY BUTTON’ if any accident or problem
occurs. Wait until the cutting process at finishing step.
3. Off the power and press ‘MANUAL MODE’. Then
open the machine’s door. CLAMP
BUTTON
Hold the workpiece and then press the ‘CLAMP’ button
again to open the clamp.
GREEN
BUTTON
(POWER)

Procedure To Off The Machine Figure

1. Press ‘EDIT MODE’ then press the red button. Push the
‘EMERGENCY STOP’ button

2. Off the main switch at the machine followed by main

power.
CONCLUSION

As a conclusion, I have learned a lot of things about this CNC turning machine. I knew how to
handle this machine and its safety precautions. This machine is quite easy to handle and I very
excited when handle it. This knowledge is very useful to me and I hope that I can apply it when I
work one day.
APPENDIX