Him. J. Eny. Zool., Vol. 6, 1992, pp. 85-96 DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF BIRDS OF KANGRA VALLEY ( HIMACHAL PRADESH ) ( Received May 30, 1992; Accepted July 20, 1992) Anil Mahabal and T. R. Sharma Zoological Survey of India, High Altitude Zoology Field Station, Hogpital Road, Selan-173 212 (H.P.) ,India under- A survey of avifauna of Kangra valley, Himachal Pradesh wa taken in winter months of January and February, 1991. The results of the survey are presented in this paper. 133 species of birds from the Kangra valley are listed and their altitudinal abundance has been discussed. Various environmental factors have a profound influence on the biotic diversity and distribution, especially in the Himelaya with extreme climotic conditions. Conequently, ‘seasonal vertical migration of birds in different ‘life zones’ of these mountains is also affected. A perveal of literature, however. reveals that not much work has haan cartied out ‘on seasonal migration of the Western Himalayan bird fauna. The present studies deal with the status and distributional pattern of birds of Kangra valley (Himachal Pradesh) in the Western Himalayan ecosystem. Study Area : The Kangra valley is bounded by an unbroken solid mountain range— the ‘Dauladhar’; couth of this range lies a sories of low hills with soveral streams, which drain into the river Beas. The construction af adam across the Beas at Talwara has formed a big reservoir, Pong Dam Lake, which extends upto Dehra Gapipur (Fig 1) Average rainfall is approximately 2200 mm. Area between the Beas river and the Dauladhar is remarkatly Tich in forests and cultivation. which support a variety of insects and avifaura. (MATERIALS AND METHODS A survey of avifauna was undertaken in winter months of January-February, 1991 in different altitudinal zones (|, I! and Ill), including the Pong Dam Lake as shown in Figure 1. All observatione wore made by using a pair of binoculars 8» 50 with zoom focuss- ‘ing. Identification of birds in field is based on Ali!, and Ali and Ripley’. Confirmation of the. species was done with the help of Ali and Riplay3.86 Fig. 1 Map of Kangra valley showing the arcas of avifaunal survey im different zones, OBSERVATIONS AND DISCUSSION ‘A systematic list of 133 bird species belonging to 46 families and sub-families alongwith their altitudinalwise abundance (in zone |, Il and Ill) and status is presented in Table 1. In winter, when the high ranges of Dauladhar are covered with snow, many bird species move towards lower altitudes of the Kangra valley. Among these were birds of Himalayan ecosystem : Bluethroated Barbet, both the species of Blue Magpie, Himalayan Jungle Crow, Whitecheeked Bulbul, Hinialayan Black Bulbul, Rlackcapped Sibia, Blue Fly: catcher, Whitecapped Redstart, Himalayan Blue Whistling Thrush, Tree Creeper, etc. The Jungle Crows, Whitecheeked Bulbul dunale Crows, Whit uls and Blue Whistling Thrushes were commonly se” The resident hirds like Parish Kite, White ‘s Whitebacked Vulture, Redwattled Lapwind Sood Doe, Rosernged Parakeet, Rufousbacked Shrike, Redvented Bulbul, Indian and lynas were commonly observed in all altitudinal : Of Other residential birds wore rare in eden Gated their aby : Indian Parakeets occurred commonly only aay tora wd Se m.87 32223 wie AM AM AM wa wi wie wie wie Wily wig Mahabal & Sharma wie smeig — ++ pleused peds-aiyy (apesueping) vooudu mdyidy BDL 8I = - ++ dayjeaoyg sneeUU! 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SOLY EG u ans yong Aujuyerg 40 YoNPIEUS APPNy (SeIIed) vauyInLAf pUOPEE OG on SVOILVNY : Aiwed oa - + WOIg peruled (ueuueg) smpydea0oray siqz 09 6 AVAIINODIO + Awe + - = UoI9H IYBIN (sneeuUr]) xosoonodu xoscot12Nr zs 8 - > te yoi8q omnry (SneeUUNy) oNA2mM8 oN] Gy L ad 30163 19]/0ws UolSeM) MIpamerne m2UET Ly 9 + ae 39.63 6127 wiaseg (sneeuuy) ogio onautz or ¢ - + + 48163 929 (SneeuUN) s1q1 sHZINQIg yy + + + t+ Yors} puod LeIPU| (seAAS) 1408 Joapy ty € -— tt UcIeH Ao19 werseg snacuury vasaws mapiy gg z avaigauy 4 ~~ FF APt4eGeG 40 eqa1p amy (seI1e4) syipooy sdaoipog —g L 3VOIGadID100d : Anweg 1 1 1 ON woorT —woodT —wo9g ~d001 7009 ~00r Sue UOUOD R seIvedg yoogpueH “ON “¢ “somepege jempnyie PaE smeys 1194) SmMoKs CojReA BISUEH Jo 6; J0 sy] peMasts ¥ —] o1q6],irds of Kanor@ valley = = ooqpueH “ON “Ss oon! sos ooOFEND DME} UOWUIOD [YEA SMiAvA sryNIND g wid = +) 1+ 7 aValnans : Ajwes wig - tt ++ yeoyeied pepeaywossoig (sneeuulT) ryeydaveumcs nynooilisd — LSS os Bott th tt yeoyeled poBsyosoy wayrion (\jodoDs) 10Mmsy HyMPHIISE BYE ev wie bt — — yayeieg uarouy a6.e7 (snaeuUry) M4sedna DneHISE SYS ey AVGIOWLLISd : Aywes Bo FFE enog umorg oar sneeuUry systaypSauas myjadordes PG lv Wid + $+ ++ encq panodg uepuy (odoog) ssusunyo mryadordens = LES oF Wid — + +E eng Bury ueIpuy (Axzsplend) vi0mep enadordons §— EG oy wid + oF +H uoiGag soy enig UIjEWD M41 DGUN}OD ~—-9IS vy 2 aVvalawmod ¢ é tn wey paiijeqyoeia Ae 'a“f Mproriins owiaIS §— OLY ey é yo- = ++ wey s6r'y ueIpul AED “A “P oHDIND DWIIS = ES ty @ qwei6iws abessed 3 AM — ++ Ing pep2eyyoeig sreeuUr snpungipi4 sav — SS w 2 Mm = +t lag papeeLumorg uopier snjoudaoiuunsg snivT YS ov is CS ling papesparig 19D seIeg Handy) OT EGE 6e CC) a oe ling Suj0} uefiddoiuog smowasin suv] GP se 3valNVT + Aques Ql Gu Ge uae Jedidpueg Loon sneeuury svonajodty DSuILL =~ LO us mw - + Jedidpueg vesig sneeuury sndosyso w8u4, = 168 of mM - - + dueys useig (sniouung) mumngou Dsur1, CEE ae AVNIDWdO1G9S : Ayweyqng i r PAold FAEUIY ONT |JoCoDg smgnp snUpoIeY OBE a " 1 1 “ON sme15 woovl woodT woo BU2U UOWWOD Q selvedg yooJpUEHH ‘ON 'S 0001-009 _-00rBirds of Kangra Valley ‘90 soqiea porconponig (weyse) 22110180 Pupe] O23, BH oz mronig (userey) 21107 Ww see so a doqieg yooD e61e7 (UIOWD) P2W/Cez DULET>E>~y OBL ve AVGINOLdVO | Amey ages ae M.QUI0H ka1Q (\jodc9g) szusoug snyor 97 £9 uo- + + eodoo}| sneeuury sods vdndn gy 7 aVdidNeN : Ajwes We + + + 21lCY UEIpUl (SnazuUNT) srsuapoySurg sez9C40 gg 19 AVGNOVHOO : Anes ae ce Jele 0-299 UsEID WJeMIS WeIReT syoMA0 stony OSL 09 AVaIdOUIW : Aywes wily +4 4 ~ F9USYBULY persea.gauym (sneeuulT) stsuateeteas woQpH ger 6s wy - — + JeysHBury anig jews (snazuus) SUL? Opry eeL 8g AVGINIGIOTY + Apes wie —- — 44 IMS BENOH UEWPUl (ALI 3p) sro sndy OZ as BF FF annmg uederew H (playasioy) srrsomiong M0201709 £89 9g AYNIGOdy : Atweyqng FVOIGOdv + Ajwey BT FF imo Penods wausion (yourcswes) wur2.9 awe ogg eg an or WMO Fewor{ 18919 YeIpLI (eneeUUI) ony o=ng Leg a AVNIDILLS * Ajweyeng AVGOILS | Anweg wie - + + 1904 ueIpul (snaeuUry) v220doj00s steoutpng ggg 3 Weuoseesiy — 2O%FD VEIPUI PiNog mMuedout SHR — gg zo 1 0 ON Smeg wor! wWoodI wWoo9 aweu ucwWoD & seeds yooasueH “oy “g ~0001__-008 _-0oveT) Mahabal & Sharma erddew ang wv/3H + + — —— paliqpey uedejewiy (Queeppog) myautysoryiva vss1 —LZOI BL wv/aH a ca aidBey anig 9zor a wid ++ ++ + PUA ejEunr UreyON (1616e7A) Smesnf sasaynoplioy — S00L gL u Sete RH euAW ueipul (sneeuUry) stasta; sasaysopLay 900! SL BVGINUNLS + Alwued uy ++ 0+ ++ e>UUS PexDegsnoyny sneeUUT] yoDY>s SIT — OE vL Wv/d + - ++ eMUYS PexoeqAalD (s10B1,) snrouosyda; smuwT ee AVQIINW + Ames wv/d ft in + 2ueWAyS [Tews MWYseY ULPiUz4 V/NB/nS ypnojy G06 ze AN mt - + HET] Peor-LoOYs snoyny (u)JewD) PI/aM2 nyjaspuD}ED ——»9BB 1 avaicnyiv | Aiwes ca - te 4exoad200m eneryey, PewUDymoHjar (WeYLeT) sHeur2e2yOU saIOrd Log OL u i + a J0}98CPOOM Peld pa1vos; -umoig ueAejewiH IsenA (S1051A) sdav}ino saplong — ZpB 69 ¥ + + i Jox9edpoon, poxoeq -uapicg WiayON (sneeuUr]) asuapeySuaq wumdomg — EIB 89 w/a + + + 40y00dpoom u9919 paljaqd|eog UEAE|eWIY S103\A smDWORbS sng LOB 19 AVNIDId : Anweyqng AVGIOld : Awes Stats Se ++ yequeg Peseesquoswin (194NWy) o/EYdooDUADY PUNDISaW —-ZEL 99 i u 1 on 52S WOOPI wWODdI woog 0001 -ocs ~——-00v Sag saa ee Ro ame ie eWEU LOWUWIOD 8 sejseds yooqpLeH ‘oN ’SBirds of Kangra Valley AM wv/ak ww/3H 3H wis wy 3H soypyeoAl + Poiseaiqpey waisayy marsysag viund vd2o}2snpy BVNIAVOIOSNWN : Aueyans eqs, = peddecyorig weiss (s1061,) Dresisidos misondouosay +4 selageg e\6unp (uowng) smorais sxpropmy + selqqeg UoWWog (340WNG) snimpRED sxpropénE — 121992g pedomoyo, wersey (UyowD) rsuaus Bicwossay.D i Icqeg semis uedejeuny 183; UosBpoH sda2zis1y25 smuryiorewog SYNIMTWWLL : Anueyans AVGIdVOIOSN = Ayes Inging ye .g ueseewiH Lain “STd) stswurorDsepow soradisAGy Inging peuanpay (snaeuLr) ft sar Inging pexsoyoouUM (ep) stxazzanaj smiowous. 3VOILONONDAd 210) wersamyuON (snaeuLry) midis ow BVOINIE! Anes BALIN [12W5 “SneeUUTT) staWoUrUnND smrero.HIg sAUS 06499 papeoyrreG vekejewiy (laddnyg) rsrdourjau ouiz010) BVCIOWHAIA ND * Aises 0.9 ypu sonra saan) Nd 991 WAI, OMY viNprarig oifunr uehejeus yy 21Be7n, uasisern son Iweye) 1 euseu vows 8 sereds Lupe geet 1971 STL oezt oll sett 9zLt cit L601 oso eco S01 oro on yeoqpuely oN ze 16 06 68 88 is 98 38 e2 zz 12 08 6Lueispoy 3 wi3H ++ ++ an 7 2 paddeoonyn (S2061q) smmyd2c02n2y sruousruiny) — 9121 OL amid + = + UD peld (UIALa) Pind ayoNrG — TILL OL WAH + ao = yD ysng Ao1D-yHeq AeIQ PaH/ m}ONXPS — GOLL_—LO qweielW/d + + 3eUQ Ysng pag WOLON (snaeUUrT) sr0sde9 BJorKDS —OOLL_—— OL AM +t - - yeyD Ysng puE|]OD (sneeuusy) rDNb«01 vIcorxog Sea ' sol wv/3H + - — ——_weysany snooquinid (S061A) snsouByn/smuosmfys — LOL HO uo+ + ugoy-id8ey uerpuy (sneeuuiy) srunynos smysisded 1991 ed AVNIGYAL | AweFans Wan : a sa|cae ny 1oyo.eoALy pepecideig wiaisa/A (AED) sPIsIyaseHUOS snIPIS LOL DL 2 we + + + seiqiem 3€97 E $,S2I|@d WOISO/A (SEIIed) s/nFau94d sadorsyyg —-HEGL tol é aa FH FH yeurynD umorg GoLreIA) "941/92 sndorsoy;dyq — GLGL_———ODL ie ae +++ pig 10}124 ueIpUl (qUEUUEY) smioIs smuoioW19 GEL 66 3 wie — - + J1@eM IIH UMolg UeAeIeUNH (UOSEPOH) weFmI9 DME —-LZSL 86 £ we ++ - = 4019.2M Lsng peroosuors (UOs6poH) sadiisof m2 LLL 16 2 AVNIIAT/S : Anwejans, wie — +h oot sewpre oA jleiUue4 pPareomyienyn Woysem (3 IN) SIo7gD DinpITYY —y3PL 96 ce a = 4BYOLEOALS Fapeaydas5 WeYUON (VosUIEMms) s7suoUa/d20 Bdoo1:11> — BpbT 6 wey + _ + parjjeqsn2yny wersem (uosSpcpy) puppuns od lev +6 wwaH ++ + + suoIeOAL onig Aia[g uiaisejn (UOSBPOH) Damwefamornay edoosnyy ETP &6 um " 1 eM ewieu uowWos g se1sedg yoOqpUPH “ON ’S smeg woorl wooo! wo09 =o001 _-009 ——-00r ia oa S|Birds of Kangra Valley 94 GE — —_ tatoo semoly parseoxiouts yatta sizeduis} waavrT = SOGL ETL wie ayalavoid + Amwes : bE eaBeAY paid 28:27 UJswD sua/edsosapou DIDPIOW = LGBL_ ZL. haa ee WeI6en PUA JeIPU| SNeBOUULT YD PYPEIOW — BBL Lzb AM a - b+ Ween mols, dapesydo.g snaeuur] mw rion GBBL Ozh AM + + ++ 4 Auemy (sneeuur) siuraduro smyuy — LBL Gu wwaH oe pu “st BLL ov fy oa (ins so1um up) sadeeig I!eM, (Sneeuury) Prvsne DwospoYr, —_GEBL au 3VNIGVINOWODHOIL : Ameans AVGLLLIS : Aiweg wiu + ae UL *De129 parsaig SIOBIA snydojounjaw surg —_zCBt ou wis — ott UL pa¥9eg -UEAID S10B A smjoruoM sey —_GELL si Wie ee uy Aap smuysey (SneeULTy) Jofow sauvg — ZEL| vu aVNIdvd AIwesang aVOlYVd © Aywey weddig “ ee umoug Ueke Buy SM YUNA! NSP}/0d OM — gy ci SVOMONIO : wey hoa roe a snag, Bur rsiy anig uekejeusy (\jodoog) snoyn999 snuodoy bet a ae H (tyodoog) snaynion, Weer zu ysnayy 20y anig uel sMaOHPs wpootue py . 028 AMIB-UEIPUL SnOeUUD) smOLYS eoMVey, — gery ain er Ua mm ee Pal FoxeeRuMorg (SMPEUUID) BIOL SapOPIIS — LUE gy " not oH ses — woobl wo091_wco9 eu < Cy oe oueu ucuules 8 sapedg yooqrueH “oN 'g95 t Mahabal & Sharma “uiaachsoag ueAelet Jo pai uepisey (3H) pue sousia sium : (AM) H(sqewonow yeoqien sewuns-s96uIAA) 1WeIEW JeUIPNIBIY = (NY) ‘AsoresB1W 12907 : (WI) ) paniesqo ion (—) pue eiey : (+) “uoumog : (+—) uepungy : (+-++) + "ON eousajos od Sy —"Oh YOOGPUEH ae a Bugung »90y uedejewyHy snaeLUrT PP PzyaqueT — 7907 eet ia ae funung pepesypey rouesg séaztunag vzuequT — YPOT zen mw + ae Burung auld ujewD “O's %7Yda20IN5] PNEqUET —_Z¥OT tet avaiziuaawa :Aswes a + = +. equ paniodg uewpul (sneeuury) e29pmourd vanyouoT —-PLBL oEL sao “bE un pareonponym (SreeuUry) roumgujmu vuayoueT —_SOBL eb 3VNIGTINISA Alwesans euoseos/y + ++ eheg spy (sneeutty) smddinyd snvoojig —«£S6L_ BTL AVWIED01d : Almuesans wa | ++ - - ‘mouiedg 004) UOWeUUID UeAEIEUH AOULOL sUryTMZSSPq — PEL a wy +4 + ott snouledg esnoy (sneeLUr) smaqisowop wwssog — FEGL set AVNIUASSVd | Amuieyqng AVGIS001d + Auey leuoseas/y + + $+ eAR-OUYMULIPAy GfouMIAL) vsrUgadjed sdo.01807 EEEL szt aValdCuaLsoz + /Nwes ung wee + a ail Pepeqmollod UBIPU (SAIyJeY) Ponds vECCoay ——LZ™BL beL ALVOIININVLOIN : Ajueg i " 1 “ON sn Nels WOOF = wODDT-—-WODg eweu uowwes seiseds YCoqpurH ‘CN ‘S =000t_-009-006Bids of Kangra Valley U3 inter, several winter visitors Joincided with winter, . de thre end and mud banks, marshy places, rocks, view pported several resident birds ut als0 Drovided aq Jes not only reeds, shrubs and te species. Various winter visiting Species of guils, adeaunte wintting around eee abo ntcod in fit” 000d MUMDETS te ake commonly found in coastal areas, ‘As the season of avifaunal survey birds, were recor area bitate such as Dam Lake and its surrounuiny he birds were Mallard, Gargeny Teal, White-eye Pochar site, Other common winter migratory me Mate, Guzen Tee Whe Foch, etc. The population of carne Ge oe, Spatiled Duck, Spurwinged Lapwing, Ringed Plover, Blackbeliag bis ke Grey Hern, Spotiled Duck, Tern and egrets was well sustained the area. An interesting feature of observations shows the occurrence of maximum number of bird species (mostly winter visitors and resident local migrants) with fairly meee between altitude of 400 and 600 m. The other two zones, 1. e. 600 tO 1000 m ove, the birds of himalayan ecosystem were predominant. Considering the influx of winter ‘migratory birds it can be surmised that lower altitudinal areas ot Kangra valley provide favourite migratory routes for them, Ahout 225 bird epecios belonging to western Himalaya have been listed’ and those occurring in Himachal Pradesh have been described’. Detailed lists of birds of Kangra istrict. including Mharmeale and Pong Dam Leke Lid sanctuary, nave been preparedé.s. However, it can be said that bird life of Kengra valley in different ecological zones is yet to be fully explored. Besides the present observations in winter manths, itwill be intevsalng 10 carry out avifaunal surveys during rainy and summer months for further comparison of their distributional pattern in this valley. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Survey crm, thankful to Dr. J. M. Juika, ScientistSE° & Officer—in-Charge, Zoological ‘urvey of Indl, Solan tor valuable suggestions and provids y ae Sa Providing the necessary facil REFERENCES J. All $.(1949). In: Indian Hil Rirde, Oxford Uni . 's, Oxford University Press, Bomb; 3 3 ay. Al Sand Ripley Dillon S. (1983). In A Pictorial Guide to ite B ds i continent, Oxford University Prese, New Dein. me fe tna 5. Ali. S. and Ripley Dillon, S, (1983). In : Handbook of (Compact Edition), Oxford University Press. Now Delhi, Hiner Hah 1926). sis, 621-684 . aston, R.W.G. (1921), y, Pandey gone 1921) 4. Bom. at the Birds of India and Pakistan Hist. Soc. 27 555-57 (1989). Tiger Paper, 16 : 20-26, =