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Video Streaming Application
Training for Trainers – Venice 2014
Introduction
About me :
Situation
Company A is an ISP that want to expand their
services to deliver Video Broadcast in existing
MikroTik IP Networks.
To conserve bandwidth that flow on the
network, you as a consultant recommended
them to choose Multicast as tehcnique to
deliver the traffic.
Faisal Reza. 2014 | reza@astainformatics.com
Introduction | Multicast Concept | Configuration Example | Lab Task | Conclusion
Why Multicast?
IP Multicast is a technology that allows one-to-many and many-
to-many distribution of data on the Internet.
Senders send their data to a multicast IP destination address,
and receives express an interest in receiving traffic destined for
such an address. The network then figures out how to get the
data from senders to receivers.
MULTICAST VS UNICAST
Multicast Addressing
For IPv4, 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255.
Addresses within 232.0.0.0/8 are reserved for SSM usage.
Addresses in 239.0.0.0/8 are ASM (Any-source Multicast) addresses defined for varying sizes of limited scope.
Addresses within 224.0.0.0/24 are considered link-local and are forwarded between subnets.
IANA addressing for multicast :
• 224.0.0.1 - All systems on the subnet
• 224.0.0.2 - All routers on the subnet
• 224.0.0.9 - For RIPv2
• 224.0.0.14 - For VRRP
• 224.0.1.1 - Network time protocol (NTP)
• The internet assigned numbers authority (IANA) allocates ethernet addresses from 01:00:5E:00:00:00
through 01:00:5E:7F:FF:FF for multicasting, therefore leaving only 23 bits available for the multicast group
ID.
IGMP Proxy
Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) proxy can be used to implement multicast routing. It is
forwarding IGMP frames and commonly is used when there is no need for more advanced protocol like PIM.
IGMP proxy features:
• The simplest way how to do multicast routing;
• Can be used in topologies where PIM-SM is not suitable for some reason;
• Takes slightly less resources than PIM-SM;
• Ease of configuration.
• On the other hand, IGMP proxy is not well suited for complicated multicast routing setups. Compared to
PIM based solutions, IGMP proxy does not support more than one upstream interface and routing loops
are not detected or avoided.
• MikroTik RouterOS IGMP proxy supports IGMP version 2 (RFC 2236).
R1 :
VLC Open Network Stream :
/routing pim interface
rtp://@224.3.2.1:5005
add interface=ether3
rtp://@239.3.2.1:5004
add interface=ether4
R1
/ip address add address=192.168.3.254 interface=ether3
/ip address add address=192.168.4.254 interface=ether4
PIM Status
[admin@R1-T4T-FREZA] > routing pim interface print
Flags: X - disabled, I - inactive, D - dynamic, R - designated-router , v1 - IGMPv1, v2 - IGMPv2, v3 - IGMPv3
# INTERFACE PROTOCOLS
0 Rv2 ether3 pim igmp
1 Rv2 ether4 pim igmp
2 DR register pim
PIM Status
Rendevous Point
Rendezvous point (RP) is a distribution point for multicast group, source provides its data to it, and if there are
any subscribers, then RP will provide data to client. Note, that RP will always receive data stream if that exists.
MRIB
MRIB routes are used for reverse path forwarding check. In a way, they perform opposite function that FIB
(Forwarding Information Base) routes: FIB is used to find the right By default, MRIB is populated by FIB routes.
Use "multicast" routing filter chain to control that or set specific parameters for imported FIB routes (e.g. you
can change the distance of the route). In addition, you can specify static MRIB routes.
This is useful only if you are using multihoming and multicast packet flow will be different from unicast packet
flow.
Active MRIB entries that are imported from FIB are shown with "dynamic" flag.
Faisal Reza. 2014 | reza@astainformatics.com
Introduction | Multicast Concept | Configuration Example | Lab Task : Lab 2 | Conclusion
R2
R1 /routing pim interfaceadd VLC Open Network Stream :
/routing pim interface add /routing pim rp
/routing pim rp rtp://@224.3.2.1:5005
add address=192.168.6.254 rtp://@239.3.2.1:5004
add address=192.168.6.254
Wifi AP Configuration
/interface wireless security-profiles
set [ find default=yes ] supplicant-identity=MikroTik
add authentication-types=wpa-psk,wpa2-psk eap-methods="" man
allowed mode=dynamic-keys name=profile1 supplicant-ident
wpa-pre-shared-key=mikrotik1234 wpa2-pre-shared-key=mikrotik
/interface wireless
set [ find default-name=wlan1 ] band=2ghz-b/g/n comment="RENDEVOUS POINT”
country=indonesia disabled=no frequency=2452 frequency-m
regulatory-domain ht-rxchains=0 ht-txchains=0 l2mtu=2290
multicast-helper=full name=wlan1-rp radio-name=951G-FREZ
security-profile=profile1 ssid=FREZA-T4T wireless-protoc
wmm-support=enabled
/interface wireless manual-tx-power-table
set wlan1-rp comment="RENDEVOUS POINT"
IMPORTANT!
/interface wireless nstreme enable multicast helper = full
set wlan1-rp comment="RENDEVOUS POINT"
R1 PIM STATUS
Further Readings
http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:Routing/Multicast#Rendezvous_point
http://wiki.mikrotik.com/wiki/Manual:Multicast_detailed_example
http://forum.mikrotik.com/viewtopic.php?f=14&t=34851
Thank You