CONFIDENTIAL

UTHM
Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia

UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

FINAL EXAMII{ATION
SEMESTER II
sBssroN 20tst20 16
COURSE NAME HEAT TRANSFER

COIJRSE CODE BDA 30603

PROGRAMME BDD

E)I\MINATION DATE JLTNE 20T6 IJT]LY 2016

DI-JRATION 3 HOURS

INSTRTJCTIONS ANSWER FrVE (s) FROM SEVEN (7)

QIJESTIONS ONLY

THIS QIJESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF EIGHT (S) PAGES

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CONFIDENTIAL BDA 30603

Ql An Aluminium pin fin is 40 mm in length and 2 mm in diameter. The fin is used to enhance
heat transfer on a surface which is at a surface temperature of 50 oC in surrounding air at 25 "C
and a heat transfer coefficient of 1000 Wm2K. Assuming that no heat transfer takes place at
the tip of the fin tip:

(i) Determine the fin heat transfer;

(ii) show that the error in heat transfer calculation in (i) above is small enough (i.e. less than
5%) such that the use of the corrected length Lc is not necessary; and
(iii) demonstrate that by maintaining the tip temperature at 0 oC will result in the increase of
fin heat transfer.
(20 marks)

Q2 (a) An electrical wire at 50 'C is insulated with 0.5 mm-thick plastic insulation having a
thermal conductivity of 0.15 Wm.K. The wire is exposed to the environment which is at
30 oC with a heat transfer coefficient of 20 Wm2.K. Determine:

(i) the critical radius of insulation;

(iD the diameter of the wire such that the removal of heat through insulation is
maximum; and
(iiD the heat transfer rate from the wire to the environment.
(10 marks)

(b) The velocity of a gas stream at 150 oC is to be measured by a hotwire system as shown in
: :
Figure Q2(b). The wire (diameter l0 x 10-6 m and length 5 x l0{ m) is made of
Platinum with thermal conductivity, k = 71.6 Wm.K, density, p : 21450 kg/m3 and
specific heat capacity, cp: 133 J/kg.K. This wire is supported at both ends by two prongs.
Electrical current is passed through to heat the wire during operation. The heat transfer
coefficient between the wire and the gas is 200 W/m2.K and the initial temperature of the
wire is 30 oC. Determine:

(i) the Biot number and indicate whether or not a lumped system analysis is suitable
for this system; and
(ii) the time required for the temperature of the wire to reach 100 oC.
(10 marks)

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Q3 (a) Discuss the differences between heat transfer of a fully developed laminar flow for the
case ofconstant heat flux and constant surface temperature boundary conditions and show
which of the two conditions above provides greater heat transfer rate for a given geometry.
(3 marks)

(b) The processor of a computer is cooled by five flat plates located on its surface as shown in
Figure Q3(b). Three of the plates located in the middle are 80 mm in length and 15 mm
in height. The other two plates which are located at the sides are 60 mm in length and l5
mm in height. The surface temperature of the plates is assumed to be at 70 "C whereas the
surrounding air temperature is at 30 oC. If the surrounding air is travelling parallel to the
plates at25 mls, determine:

(i) the hydraulic boundary thickness at the trailing edge of the 80 mm long plate and
60 mm long plate;
(iD the total friction drag along the surface of the plates;
(iii) the heat transfer rate from a single 60 mm long plate and a single 80 mm long plate;
and
(iv) the total heat transfer from all plates.
(17 marks)

Q4 (a) Determine the heat transfer coefficient for a2.5 m-high vertical pillar with 0.25 m diameter
having a respective wall and surrounding temperatures of:

(i) l0 "C and 20 "C;

(ii) 30 oC and 40 oC;
(iii) explain your observation for (i) and (ii) above; and
(iv) calculate the heat transfer from the wall to the surrounding for (i) and (ii) above.
(l I marks)

(b) A thin square aluminium plate (200 mm x 200 mm) with a surface temperature of l5 'C is
heated while being vertically suspended in still aft at 40 oC as shown in Figure Q4(b). A
similarity method based on boundary layer equations is used to determine the average heat
transfer coefficient for this plate which results in the following average Nusselt number
relationship:

*u =
;(f)'scno
where g(Pr) is the dimensionless temperature gradient at the surface given as:

0.7 SPrL/ z
e(Pr) - (o.oos + L.IILP rt / z + L,z3 B Pr)
1/4 (o

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Determine:

(i) the heat transfer coefficient based on the relationship given by the similarity
method above;
(iD the percentage difference between the heat transfer coefficient obtained from (i)
and that from a suitable empirical correlation; and
(iii) the heat transfer rates from the plate using both the similarity and the empirical
methods.
(9 marks)

Q5 Exhaust gas (cp =

1200 J/kg.K) from an engine flows at 0.12 kg/s is to be routed back into the
combustion chamber through an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system. The EGR system
consist of a cooler which is a cross-flow heat exchanger with unmixed coolant side and mixed
gas side. This heat exchanger comprises fifteen 20 cm-long pipes with 0.5 cm internal diameter
canying the coolant (cp:4500 J/kg.K) at 0.6 kg/s (total mass flow rate). Figure Q5 shows this
system and the terminal temperatures of the heat exchanging fluids along the length of the heat
exchanger. For this system:

(D calculate the rate of heat exchange between coolant and gas;

(ii) determine the overall heat transfer coefficient;
(iii) if this heat exchanger is replaced by a smaller unit which is l5 cm in length and consist
of l0 coolant pipes with 0.3 cm internal diameter, calculate the mass flow of the
coolant if the overall heat transfer coefficient is maintained; and
(iv) based on your answer in (iii), explain the difference in coolant mass flow between the
two heat exchangers.
(20 marks)

Q6 l.?kgls of air at 30 'C is used to cool 1.0 kg/s of water at 90 "C in a heat exchanger. The overall
heat transfer coefficient for this heat exchanger is 50 Wm2.K. You are given a choice of three
heat changers as shown in Table Q6 below.

Table Q6
No. Heat exchanger type Effectiveness
A Concentric tube (Counter flow) 60%
B Shell-and-tube ( I -shell pass, 4-tube-pass) 80%
C Shell-and-tube (2-shell pass, 2-tube-pass) 80%
Allheat exchangers uses steel shells and 2.5 cm diameter copper tubes. A shell costs RM
100/unit while copper is available at RM5/meter. For your analysis, calculate:

(D the number of transfer units for each heat exchanger;

(ii) the required area for each heat exchanger;
(iii) the exit temperature of water for each heat exchanger; and
(iv) the approximate cost of each heat exchanger.
(20 marks)

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Q7 An electrical component which dissipates 50 W thermal output has an emissivity of 0.8. It is

mounted so that it forms the left-hand half of the base of an evacuated rectangular enclosure as
shown in X'igure Q7. The four side walls and the remainder of the base have an emissivity of
0.2 and are insulated so that they act as adiabatic surfaces. The top, which has an emissivity of
0.5, is maintained at290 K by extemal water cooling.

If the heat transfer ftom an electrical component is purely by radiation exchange within the
enclosure, determine its surface temperafure. All surfaces may be considered to be grey for
radiation purposes.
(20 marks)

- END OF QUESTIONS -
CONFIDENTIAL BDA 30603

FINAL EXAMINATION

SEMESTER/SESSION: sEM rr / 2015-2016 PROGRAMME: BDD

COURSENAME: HEAT TRANSFER COURSE CODE: BDA 30603

Gas flow
l0 pm Platinum wire

Prongs

Figure O2(b)

25 mls
30 0c

Fieure O3ft)

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FINAL EXAMINATION

SEMESTEVSESSION: SEM TT I 2015-20T6 PROGRAMME: BDD

COURSENAME: HEAT TRANSFER COURSE CODE: BDA 30603

T*: 40 oC

Thin plate

Fieure O4(b)

Heat exchanger

300 300

250 250
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L zoo 200
g

f;o rso r50

$ roo 100
fE
50 50

0
Intake manifold Exhaust manifold
Engine

+Exhaust gas flow

+ Intake air flow

Figure 05

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CONFIDENTIAL BDA 30603

FINAL EXAMINATION

SEMESTER/SESSION: SEM lI / 2015-2016 PROGRAMME: BDD

COURSENAME: TMAT TRANSFER COURSE CODE: BDA 30603

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