1,000 KVA SPECIFICATION REV 1 TECHNICAL SYSTEM SPECIFICATION

CPS-1000
1000kVA Compact Power System™
Energy Storage Inverter

Revision: 0
Status: Quotation
Date: July 6, 2016

Dynapower Confidential  Specification  pg. 1
 
1,000 KVA SPECIFICATION REV 1 TECHNICAL SYSTEM SPECIFICATION

DOCUMENT INFORMATION AND APPROVALS

REVISION HISTORY
Version # Date Revised By Reason for change
0 7/6/2016 CL Original Issue

DYNAPOWER DOCUMENT APPROVALS

Approver Name Project Role Signature/Electronic Approval Date

Don Gill Mechanical Engineering

Apu Somani Controls Engineering

CUSTOMER DOCUMENT APPROVALS

Approver Name Project Role Signature/Electronic Approval Date

Dynapower Confidential  Specification  pg. 2
 
 

Contents
1.0 General ............................................................................................................................................................... 4 
2.0 Interfaces ............................................................................................................................................................ 5 
3.0 Codes and Standards .......................................................................................................................................... 5 
4.0 1,000 kW/kVA PCS Specifications ................................................................................................................... 6 
4.1 Electrical ........................................................................................................................................................ 6 
4.1.1 Output AC Parameters ............................................................................................................................ 6 
4.1.2 AC Voltage Protective Functions (Per IEEE 1547) ................................................................................ 8 
4.1.4 Battery DC Parameters............................................................................................................................ 8 
4.1.5 Battery Alarms ........................................................................................................................................ 8 
4.1.6 Battery Fault Levels ................................................................................................................................ 8 
4.2 Environment ................................................................................................................................................... 8 
4.3 Mechanical ..................................................................................................................................................... 9 
4.4 Cooling ........................................................................................................................................................... 9 
4.5 PCS Disconnection/Protection ....................................................................................................................... 9 
5.0 PCS Operation and Control................................................................................................................................ 9 
5.1 PCS Modes of Operation ............................................................................................................................. 10 
5.1.1 Smart Inverter Feature - Active Standby Mode (Patent Pending) ........................................................ 10 
5.2 The PCS Measurements ............................................................................................................................... 11 
5.3 PCS Battery Limit Command ...................................................................................................................... 11 
5.4 PCS Inverter Section Metering & System Status ......................................................................................... 11 
6.0 PCS Main Components .................................................................................................................................... 12 
6.1 Inverter Sections .......................................................................................................................................... 12 
6.2 AC Filter Section ......................................................................................................................................... 12 
6.3 AC Output Section ....................................................................................................................................... 12 
7.0 Dynamic Transfer (Optional) ........................................................................................................................... 13 
8.0 Auxiliary AC Power - Provided by Others for Initial Startup ......................................................................... 13 
 
 

Dynapower Confidential  Specification        pg. 3 
 
1.0 General
The Dynapower CPS-1000 is an integrated system specifically designed for energy storage applications.

CPS-1000 – 1,000kW/1,000kVA Bi-Directional Inverter

 1,000kW 480VAC 3Ø 50Hz Wye Grid Connection with Breaker
o DC Connection: 740-1,100VDC; 1,350 ADC
 Liquid Cooled Power Electronics
 Four Quadrant Operation

The PCS is capable of operating in both Islanded and Grid-Tied modes. During grid tied mode the inverter will accept P
(real power) and Q (reactive power) commands over Modbus TCP or via an analog signal. The commands can be up to
1,000 kVA. In the event the commanded apparent power exceeds 1,000 kVA real power (kWs) will have priority.  

During Grid Tied mode the inverter will accept real time updates via Modbus TCP limiting the maximum charge and
discharge current to ensure the battery is operated in its safe area of operation. The charge and discharge current limits will
originate from the battery management system (supplied by others) and communicated to the PCS via Modbus TCP.

In order for the PCS to start in grid tied mode there must be a valid DC voltage present (as defined in section 4.1.4 of this
specification) and the AC grid must be within normal range (as defined within sections 4.1.1 and 4.1.2 of this specification).
In the event of a grid outage, the system will disconnect itself from the grid and shutdown in accordance with IEEE 1547.
Upon restoration of the grid, and after a delay to ensure grid stability, the inverter will automatically synchronize and
reconnect.

The inverter can be ordered with black start capability (UPS, 15 Minutes)

Figure 1: Notional System Diagram

The three phase output current is sinusoidal with total harmonic distortion to meet or exceed IEEE 519 and IEEE 1547
harmonics requirement.

The control circuit uses advanced Digital Signal Processing (DSP) to operate, monitor and protect the PCS.

Dynapower Confidential  Specification        pg. 4 
 
2.0 Interfaces
Local Operation Operator Interface Terminal (OIT)
7” Graphical User Interface, Full Color

Remote Communication Modbus TCP

Remote Operation Settable via OIT

3.0 Codes and Standards

The PCS is designed in accordance with and the following codes and standards

1. Component within the PCS and the PCS are designed in compliance with UL 1741 Inverters, Converters and
Controllers for use in Generating Facility
2. The PCS will conform to all signage requirements of ANSI 535 and NFPA 704.
3. IEEE 519-1992TM IEEE Recommended Practices and Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electrical Power
Systems
4. IEEE 1547-2003(R2008) TM IEEE Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power
Systems
5. IEEE P1547.2TM Application Guide for IEEE Std. 1547 Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources With
Electric Power Systems
6. IEEE P1547.4TM Draft Guide for Design, Operation, and Integration of Distributed Resource Island Systems with
Electric Power Systems

Dynapower Confidential  Specification        pg. 5 
 
4.0 1,000 kW/kVA PCS Specifications
4.1 Electrical
4.1.1 Output AC Parameters

Rating Unit
Rated Output Real Power 1,000 kW
Overload Power (10 sec) 1,500 kW
Rated Output Reactive Power 1,000 kVAR
Rated Output Voltage, Nominal 480 VAC
Nominal Grid Frequency 50 Hz
Rated Output Current to Grid 1,203 Arms
Total Demand Distortion <5% As per IEEE 1547
Peak Efficiency 97.5% Estimated
Table 1 AC Output Parameters 
 

CPS‐1000 Efficiency Curves

98.0

97.5

97.0

96.5
Efficiency

96.0
Vdc = 740
95.5
Vdc = 920
95.0
Vdc = 1150

94.5

94.0
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
% of Rated Power
 
Figure 2 Expected Inverter Efficiency Curve, Not Including Aux Loads 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Dynapower Confidential  Specification        pg. 6 
 

 
Figure 3 S‐Plane AC Voltage Sweep at 740 VDC 
 
 

 
Figure 4 S‐Plane DC Voltage Sweep at 480VAC

Dynapower Confidential  Specification        pg. 7 
 

4.1.2 AC Voltage Protective Functions (Per IEEE 1547)

Grid Voltage ≥ 0.88 PU and < 1.10 PU
Grid Voltage ≥ 0.50 PU and < 0.88 PU
Grid Voltage ≥ 1.10 PU and < 1.20 PU
Grid Voltage ≤ 0.5 PU
Grid Voltage ≥1.20 PU
PCS remains connected to the Grid
Disconnect from the Grid after 2 sec
Disconnect from the Grid after 1 sec
Disconnect from the Grid in less than 160 msec
Disconnect from the Grid in less than 160 msec

Voltage Protection Envelope

Figure 2: Voltage Protection Envelope

4.1.4 Battery DC Parameters

Battery Nominal Range : 740 – 1,100 VDC
Battery Maximum Charge DC voltage : 1,100 VDC
Battery Minimum Discharge DC Voltage : 740 VDC
Battery Maximum Continuous Discharge Current to Inverter : 1,351 Amps
Battery Grounding : TBD

4.1.5 Battery Alarms

Battery Charge Voltage Limit : (Field programmable)
Battery Discharge Voltage Limit : (Field programmable)
Battery Charge Current Limit : (Field programmable)
Battery Discharge Current Limit : (Field programmable)

4.1.6 Battery Fault Levels

Battery-Under Voltage, Battery Side : 730 VDC
Battery-Over Voltage, Battery Side : 1,150 VDC
Battery Over Current Fault, Battery Side : +/-1,500 Amps

4.2 Environment
Operating Ambient Temperature : -10C to +45C
Storage Temperature : -40C to +60C
Maximum Altitude : 1,000 m above sea level
Relative Humidity : 95%, non-condensing
Enclosure Rating : NEMA 3R

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4.3 Mechanical
Dimensions (L x W x H) : 146 x 45 x 96 inches
(With Heat Exchanger)
Cable Entry : Bottom Entry

4.4 Cooling
Liquid Cooled – Integrated Liquid To Air Heat Exchanger provided by Dynapower.

4.5 PCS Disconnection/Protection

The system features the following hardware protection mechanisms

Protection Device By Dynapower By Others

Grid Disconnect (Breaker) X
Grid Over Current Protection (Breaker) X
Critical Load Disconnect (Breaker) X
Critical Load Overcurrent Protection (Breaker) X
Inverter AC Contactor X
Battery Disconnect – No Load Switch X
Battery Overcurrent Protection (Fuses) X
Battery Contactor X
Battery Pre-charge X
Table 1: Hardware Protections 1

In addition to the hardware protection (i.e. fuses, breakers and surge suppressors) features listed above there are software
protection features that are defined elsewhere in the specification. These software protective features monitor the defined
currents, voltages and power (e.g. DC bus voltage, inverter current, grid current, DC current, etc…) and compare the
measurements to the defined limits. If these limits are exceeded the inverter will trip offline and indicate the relevant fault.
All faults are latching and require a reset command to clear.

Additional protection includes fire and heat sensors wired to the DSP controller and E-Stop circuit.

The liquid cooling system is protected by leak sensors in the bottom of the enclosure, a flow switch and a liquid level gauge
wired to the DSP controller.

Internal clear Lexan bus shields to provide protection to personnel.

5.0 PCS Operation and Control

Definitions
Current Conventions
• DC battery charging current is defined as the current flowing into the battery positive
terminal. Charging is negative current reading and set point.
• DC battery discharging current is defined as the current flowing out of the battery positive
terminal. Discharging is positive current reading and set point.
Power Conventions
• Positive output real power means that the inverter is supplying power to the grid.
• PCS unity power factor denotes that the output reactive power to the grid is set to zero.
• Inverter power factor = (Inverter Output KW* / Inverter Output kVA)
*leading or lagging

Dynapower Confidential  Specification        pg. 9 
 
5.1 PCS Modes of Operation
The PCS can operate in Grid Tied (current source) mode. During grid tied mode the inverter will accept P (real power) and
Q (reactive power) commands over Modbus TCP or via an analog signal. The commands can be up to 1,000 kVA. In the
event the commanded apparent power exceeds 1,000 kVA real power (kWs) will have priority.

During Grid Tied mode the inverter will accept real time updates via Modbus TCP limiting the maximum charge and
discharge current to ensure the battery is operated in its safe area of operation. The charge and discharge current limits will
originate from the battery management system (supplied by others) and communicated to the PCS via Modbus TCP.

In order for the PCS to start in grid tied mode there must be a valid DC voltage present (as defined in section 4.1.4 of this
specification) and the AC grid must be within normal range (as defined within sections 4.1.1 and 4.1.2 of this specification).

5.1.1 Smart Inverter Feature - Active Standby Mode (Patent Pending)

Active standby mode inverter is a control scheme that provides energy savings to the project owner by reducing annual
stand-by energy losses. For this mode of operation the inverter will compare the required real power (kW, P) or reactive
power (kVAR, Q) to a dead band setting defined by the operator. The PQ command can be set externally by the customer
through the master controller or set autonomously by the inverter as would be done in Fault Response Mode. Active
standby can be enabled or disabled by the system operator and is compatible with grid tied PQ mode both with and without
Fault Response Mode enabled. When the inverter enters the Active Standby mode the contactors are closed and the inverter
is synchronized with the grid voltage and frequency; however, the inverter is not gating.

Ready State

Start Command  P or Q Outside  No
Received? of Deadband?
No
Yes Yes

Sync to Grid Voltage Start Gating

P or Q Outside  No
Close DC Contactor
of Deadband?

Yes

Pre‐Charge  Stop Command  No
DC Bus Received

Yes

Stop
Close AC Contactor

 
Figure 5 Active Standby Process

Dynapower Confidential  Specification        pg. 10 

 
5.2 The PCS Measurements
All PCS Commands and Measurements are available via the COM link from the inverter. The Remote operator
communicate with the PCS Modbus TCP. Dynapower will provide the PCS communication table to the customer for
implementation on the BMS.

5.3 PCS Battery Limit Command

The battery limit commands are available to set the battery minimum/maximum voltage, discharge current limit and charge
current limits. The PCS has internal preset limits that will override the out of range communication set limit points.

5.4 PCS Inverter Section Metering & System Status

2 Hz data rate update unless noted, all readings have a max error of 1% of rated value for AC meters and 2% of rated value
for DC meters. Metering provided by Dynapower DSP.

Parameter Description
Inverter Output Current, A Phase Current Sensor at Inverter Output, Per Module
Inverter Output Current, B Phase Current Sensor at Inverter Output, Per Module
Inverter Output Current, C Phase Current Sensor at Inverter Output, Per Module
Inverter DC Voltage DC Input Voltage, Per Module
Grid AC Current, A Phase Current Sensor at Grid Output
Grid AC Current, B Phase Current Sensor at Grid Output
Grid AC Current, C Phase Current Sensor at Grid Output
Grid Voltage, A Phase Voltage Sensor at Grid Output
Grid Voltage, B Phase Voltage Sensor at Grid Output
Grid Voltage, C Phase Voltage Sensor at Grid Output
Grid Real Power Calculated
Grid Reactive Power Calculated
Grid Output Power Calculated
Grid Power Factor Calculated
Grid Frequency From Output
DC Input Current DC Input Current, Total
DC Input Voltage DC Input Voltage, At DC Input
DC Input Power DC Input Power Calculation, Total DC Power
Table 3: Data Points

Dynapower Confidential  Specification        pg. 11 

 
6.0 PCS Main Components
6.1 Inverter Sections
The PCS features fusing at the battery input which is connected to the
DC/AC battery inverter. The inverter is constructed with 1700V rated dual-
pack IGBTs which are mounted on a prefabricated heat sink. Local DC
capacitors are connected to the IGBTs via low inductance bus work. IGBT
assemblies include optical isolated drivers, over temperature protection,
current / voltage sensing, and IGBT shoot-through protection.

Each inverter module is rated for 500 kVA at 480 VAC from 740 – 1,100 VDC.
Each module contains DC fusing, DC contactors, DC pre-charge, the inverter
power electronics section, an AC output filter and AC output contactor.

The AC outputs and DC inputs of the inverter modules are internally

connected to provide a 1,000 kVA rated output.

Redundancy by Design: In the event a single module faults the system will
remain operational at a de-rated capacity.

Figure 6: Gen3 Inverter Module 

6.2 AC Filter Section

The AC output of the inverter is connected to a three-phase AC filter. This filter is comprised of a second-order LC filter
made from a reactor and a filter capacitor. The output of the filter is then put through an AC contactor to separate the filter
and inverter from the grid.

6.3 AC Output Section

This section consists of voltage sensing potential transformers (PT) and current sensing current transformers (CT) which are
used for voltage, current, power, and power factor controls and monitoring. These sensors also detect grid restart and are
used to synchronize the PCS to the grid for reconnection.

Dynapower Confidential  Specification        pg. 12 

 
7.0 Dynamic Transfer (Optional)
For seamless transfer between voltage source(islanding) and current source (grid tied) mode or upon the presence of an
abnormal voltage or frequency, or the detection of islanding the inverter will automatically disconnect from the grid
connection by opening the islanding contactor and seamlessly transition to stand alone (UF) mode. The inverter controller
will monitor the voltage on the grid connection, once the grid is stable in voltage and frequency the inverter controller will
synchronize with the grid, close the islanding contactor and revert to PQ control mode.

Figure 7 C1 (Yellow): Grid Port Voltage | C2 (Cyan): Critical Load Port Voltage 
C3 (Magenta): Grid Port Current | C4 (Green): Critical Load Port Current
 

8.0 Auxiliary AC Power - Provided by Others for Initial Startup

The various controllers in the CPS-1000 require power for checkout during the startup and commissioning process. If any
commissioning activities are expected to be accomplished before the 480VAC grid port (the normal source of control power)
of the CPS-1000 energized, a temporary external control power source will need to be wired into the system.
AC Voltage : Single-phase 120VAC (± 10%)
Frequency : 50 Hz
Current : <15A
OR
AC Voltage : 3-phase 480VAC (± 10%)
Frequency : 50 Hz
Current : <5A

Dynapower Confidential  Specification        pg. 13