Implementation of OpenSEES

Soil Modeling Capabilities

Pedro Arduino (U. of Washington)

Ahmed Elgamal (UCSD)
Boris Jeremic (UC Davis)
Zhaohui Yang (UCSD)
PEER Annual Meeting, Oakland, California
January 26, 2001
Our Mission: May 2000 Include SOA:
Soil-structure interaction
Soil models
2D and 3D solid (soil) elements
Transmitting Boundary
 Transmitting Boundary

Top Node
F

20 ft
Mid Node

50 Kips

0.01 Time (sec)

40 ft
Surface Shear Pulse

Pedro Arduino, University of Washington

 Transmitting Boundary: Vertical load Pulse
40 ft

Top

Middle F
20 ft Middle Right
Middle Left

48 Kips
Bottom

0.01
Time (sec)
20 ft

Pedro Arduino, University of Washington

Pedro Arduino, University of Washington
Pedro Arduino, University of Washington
Clays: Pressure-independent multi-yield-surface model for
general 2D and 3D elasto-plastic hysteretic behavior

τ
γ

τ Failure surface

pi
p
UCSD pressure-dependent multi-yield-surface model (for gravel,
sand, and silt), with liquefaction capability.
Soil Modeling at UC Davis, Boris Jeremic
 _ Objected-oriented design of the Template Elastic-Plastic Framework
_ Easy implementation and Applicable to Soils, Concrete, Steel, ..

UC Davis
Boris Jeremic
Simulation of UC Berkeley Shear Test, Pestana and Seed
Shear Strain Response Effective Vertical Stress Response

50

Effective vertical stress

Experiment (Kammerer, Pestana, Seed) NSCyc11 (Kammerer, Pestana,Seed)
4% 40
Simulation (Dr = 90 %) Simulation (Dr = 90 %)
Shear strain

30
2%

(kPa)
20
0%
10

-2% 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Time (sec)
Time (sec)

Experimental Shear Stress-Strain (Kammerer, Pestana, Seed)

Shear Stress-Strain (Simulation)

15.0 15.0

10.0 10.0
Shear stress (kPa)

Shear stress (kPa)

5.0 5.0

0.0 0.0

-5.0 -5.0

-10.0 -10.0
-0.5 0.5 1.5 2.5 -0.5% 0.5% 1.5% 2.5%
Shear strain (%) Shear strain

Experimental Stress Path (Kammerer, Pestana, Seed) Effective Stress Path (Simulation)

15.0 15.0

10.0
Shear stress (kPa)

10.0
Shear stress (kPa)

5.0 5.0

0.0 0.0

-5.0
-5.0

-10.0 -10.0
0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0
Effective vertical stress (kPa)
Effective vertical stress (kPa)
 Simulation of UC Davis Centrifuge Test
clay

Sand
(Dr=50%)

Sand
(Dr=80%)

Centrifuge model setup Simulated 1D response

Kutter, Boulanger, Idriss, and Wilson

 Excess pore pressure

Lateral displacement at surface

Nothing like the real thing!
Humboldt Bay Bridge

Caltrans
C. Sikorsky
F. Allamuddin
A. Abghari

UCSD
F. Seible
D. Zonta
M. Fraser

UCLA
J. Conte
May 2000
January 2001
 Modeling of Actual Bridge Site with OpenSEES
Middle Channel bridge at Humbolt Bay (Eureka, CA)
A Caltrans Retrofit Project

January 2001
Soil
Currently:
Undrained elasto-plastic
material.
Future:
Solid-fluid coupled medium!
Ongoing Research
1. Continued calibration and verification of soil models through:
• Simulation of laboratory tests and centrifuge experiments.
• Definition of input motions.
• Modeling of other existing bridge sites (PEER Field Labs.)

2. Interaction with other researchers:

• OpenSEES SOA Structural modeling + SOA soil modeling
• Probabilistic Analyses for PBEE, and Decision Making tool.
 Humboldt Bay Bridge Seismic Retrofit
Analysis using OpenSees
UC Davis, Boris Jeremic
OpenSEES 3D
Already available!

After retrofit
 Expansion Joints / Shear Keys
Currently: modeled as elastic-perfectly-plastic
gap elements.
Future: element calibration using UCSD
experimental data.