#include<iostream>

#include<string>
#include<math.h>
#include<cctype>
#include<windows.h>

using namespace std;

int bin_to_dec(string bin){

int dec=0,incr=0,sum=0;
for(int i=(bin.length()-1);i>=0;i--){
dec=bin[i]-'0';
sum=sum+(int)(dec*(pow(2,incr)));
incr++;
}
return sum;
}

string dec_to_bin(int dec){

int i=dec;
string str="";
char binary[4];
while(1){
int quotient=i/2;
int remainder=i%2;
i=quotient;
itoa(remainder,binary,10);
str=str+binary;
if(quotient==0)break;
}
string fin_str="";
for(int i=(str.length()-1);i>=0;i--){
fin_str=fin_str+str[i];
}
return fin_str;
}

string process_string(string substring,int s[][4][16],int p){

string row,col;
for(int i=0;i<6;i++){
if(i==0||i==5)row=row+substring[i];
else{
col=col+substring[i];
}
}
int r=bin_to_dec(row);
int c=bin_to_dec(col);
int s_box_pos=s[p][r][c];
string fbit_bin_str="0000";
int len=dec_to_bin(s_box_pos).length();
string bin=dec_to_bin(s_box_pos);

for(int i=0;i<len;i++){
fbit_bin_str[i+(4-len)]=bin[i];
}
return fbit_bin_str;
}

string fifty_six_bit_key(string key,int pc1[8][7]){

 int i,j,k,bin_key_index=0,index=0;
string fs_bin_key;

for(k=0;k<56;k++)fs_bin_key=fs_bin_key+'0';
for(i=0;i<8;i++){
for(j=0;j<7;j++){
index=pc1[i][j]-1;
fs_bin_key[bin_key_index]=key[index];
bin_key_index++;
}
}
return fs_bin_key;
}

string rol_keys(string key,int rotating_schedule[16],int i){

int count=rotating_schedule[i],l,j,k;
string rol_key;
for(k=0;k<28;k++)rol_key=rol_key+'0';
while(count>0){
for(l=0;l<28;l++){
if(l==0)j=27;
else{
j=l-1;
}
rol_key[j]=key[l];
}
key=rol_key;
count--;
}
return rol_key;
}

string fourty_eight_bit_key(string C,string D,int pc2[6][8]){

int fe_bin_key_index=0,concat_key_index=0,i,j,k;
string fe_bin_key,concat_keys=C+D;
for(i=0;i<48;i++)fe_bin_key=fe_bin_key+'0';
for(i=0;i<6;i++){
for(j=0;j<8;j++){
concat_key_index=pc2[i][j]-1;
fe_bin_key[fe_bin_key_index]=concat_keys[concat_key_index];
fe_bin_key_index++;
}
}
return fe_bin_key;
}

string initial_permuted_msg(string msg,int ip[8][8]){

int ip_msg_index=0,msg_index=0,i,j;
string ip_msg;
for(i=0;i<64;i++)ip_msg=ip_msg+'0';
for(i=0;i<8;i++){
for(j=0;j<8;j++){
msg_index=ip[i][j]-1;
ip_msg[ip_msg_index]=msg[msg_index];
ip_msg_index++;
}
}
return ip_msg;
}
string expanded_msg(string R,int ep[8][6]){
int ep_msg_index=0,R_index=0,i,j;
string ep_msg;
for(i=0;i<48;i++)ep_msg=ep_msg+'0';
for(i=0;i<8;i++){
for(j=0;j<6;j++){
R_index=ep[i][j]-1;
ep_msg[ep_msg_index]=R[R_index];
ep_msg_index++;
}
}
return ep_msg;
}

string xored_msg(string ep_msg,string fe_key){

int xor_val,i,len=ep_msg.length();
char holder[len];
string xored_msg;

for(i=0;i<len;i++){
xor_val=((fe_key[i]-'0')^(ep_msg[i]-'0'));
itoa(xor_val,holder,10);
xored_msg=xored_msg+holder;
}
return xored_msg;
}

string substitution_function(string xored_message,int sbox[][4][16]){

string thirty_two_bit_msg;
int index=0,len=6;
for(int i=0;i<48;i+=6){

thirty_two_bit_msg=thirty_two_bit_msg+process_string(xored_message.substr(i,len),sb
ox,index);
index++;
}
return thirty_two_bit_msg;
}

string permuted_message(string thirty_two_bit_msg,int pf[4][8]){

int index=0,thirty_two_bit_msg_index=0,i,j;
string permuted_msg;
for(i=0;i<thirty_two_bit_msg.length();i++)permuted_msg=permuted_msg+'0';
for(i=0;i<4;i++){
for(j=0;j<8;j++){
thirty_two_bit_msg_index=pf[i][j]-1;
permuted_msg[index]=thirty_two_bit_msg[thirty_two_bit_msg_index];
index++;
}
}
return permuted_msg;
}

string inverse_ip_msg(string reversed_msg,int inv_ip[8][8]){

int inv_msg_index=0,index=0,i,j;
string inv_msg="";
for(i=0;i<64;i++)inv_msg=inv_msg+'0';
 for(i=0;i<8;i++){
for(j=0;j<8;j++){
index=inv_ip[i][j]-1;
inv_msg[inv_msg_index]=reversed_msg[index];
inv_msg_index++;
}
}
return inv_msg;
}

string hex_conversion(string de_msg,string conv_table[23],string hex[23]){

int len=4;
string substring="",hex_message="";
for(int i=0;i<64;i+=4){
int find=0;
substring=de_msg.substr(i,len);
while(1){
if(conv_table[find]==substring)break;
find++;
}
hex_message=hex_message+hex[find];
}
return hex_message;
}

string des_process(string message,string key,bool encrypt){

string conv_table[23]={
"0000",
"0001",
"0010",
"0011",
"0100",
"0101",
"0110",
"0111",
"1000",
"1001",
"pad",
"pad",
"pad",
"pad",
"pad",
"pad",
"pad",
"1010",
"1011",
"1100",
"1101",
"1110",
"1111"
};

string hex[23]={
"0",
"1",
"2",
"3",
"4",
"5",
 "6",
"7",
"8",
"9",
"pad",
"pad",
"pad",
"pad",
"pad",
"pad",
"pad",
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D",
"E",
"F"
};

int ip[8][8]={
58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18, 10, 2,
60, 52, 44, 36, 28, 20, 12, 4,
62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22, 14, 6,
64, 56, 48, 40, 32, 24, 16, 8,
57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17, 9, 1,
59, 51, 43, 35, 27, 19, 11, 3,
61, 53, 45, 37, 29, 21, 13, 5,
63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15, 7
};

int inv_ip[8][8]={
40, 8, 48, 16, 56, 24, 64, 32,
39, 7, 47, 15, 55, 23, 63, 31,
38, 6, 46, 14, 54, 22, 62, 30,
37, 5, 45, 13, 53, 21, 61, 29,
36, 4, 44, 12, 52, 20, 60, 28,
35, 3, 43, 11, 51, 19, 59, 27,
34, 2, 42, 10, 50, 18, 58, 26,
33, 1, 41, 9, 49, 17, 57, 25
};

int ep[8][6]={
32, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13,
12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,
16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21,
20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29,
28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 1
};

int pf[4][8]={
16, 7, 20, 21, 29, 12, 28, 17,
1, 15, 23, 26, 5, 18, 31, 10,
2, 8, 24, 14, 32, 27, 3, 9,
19,13, 30, 6, 22, 11, 4, 25
};
int sbox[8][4][16]={
{
14, 4, 13, 1, 2, 15, 11, 8, 3, 10, 6, 12, 5, 9, 0, 7,
0, 15, 7, 4, 14, 2, 13, 1, 10, 6, 12, 11, 9, 5, 3, 8,
4, 1, 14, 8, 13, 6, 2, 11, 15, 12, 9, 7, 3, 10, 5, 0,
15, 12, 8, 2, 4, 9, 1, 7, 5, 11, 3, 14, 10, 0, 6, 13
},
{
15, 1, 8, 14, 6, 11, 3, 4, 9, 7, 2, 13, 12, 0, 5, 10,
3, 13, 4, 7, 15, 2, 8, 14, 12, 0, 1, 10, 6, 9, 11, 5,
0, 14, 7, 11, 10, 4, 13, 1, 5, 8, 12, 6, 9, 3, 2, 15,
13, 8, 10, 1, 3, 15, 4, 2, 11, 6, 7, 12, 0, 5, 14, 9
},
{
10, 0, 9, 14, 6, 3, 15, 5, 1, 13, 12, 7, 11, 4, 2, 8,
13, 7, 0, 9, 3, 4, 6, 10, 2, 8, 5, 14, 12, 11, 15, 1,
13, 6, 4, 9, 8, 15, 3, 0, 11, 1, 2, 12, 5, 10, 14, 7,
1, 10, 13, 0, 6, 9, 8, 7, 4, 15, 14, 3, 11, 5, 2, 12
},
{
7, 13, 14, 3, 0, 6, 9, 10, 1, 2, 8, 5, 11, 12, 4, 15,
13, 8, 11, 5, 6, 15, 0, 3, 4, 7, 2, 12, 1, 10, 14, 9,
10, 6, 9, 0, 12, 11, 7, 13, 15, 1, 3, 14, 5, 2, 8, 4,
3, 15, 0, 6, 10, 1, 13, 8, 9, 4, 5, 11, 12, 7, 2, 14,
},
{
2, 12, 4, 1, 7, 10, 11, 6, 8, 5, 3, 15, 13, 0, 14, 9,
14, 11, 2, 12, 4, 7, 13, 1, 5, 0, 15, 10, 3, 9, 8, 6,
4, 2, 1, 11, 10,13, 7, 8, 15,9, 12, 5, 6, 3, 0, 14,
11, 8, 12, 7, 1, 14, 2, 13, 6, 15, 0, 9, 10, 4, 5, 3
},
{
12, 1, 10, 15,9, 2, 6, 8, 0, 13, 3, 4, 14, 7, 5, 11,
10, 15, 4, 2, 7, 12,9, 5, 6, 1, 13, 14, 0, 11, 3, 8,
9, 14,15, 5, 2, 8, 12,3, 7, 0, 4, 10, 1, 13, 11, 6,
4, 3, 2, 12,9, 5, 15,10,11,14,1, 7, 6, 0, 8, 13
},
{
4, 11, 2, 14, 15, 0, 8, 13, 3, 12, 9, 7, 5, 10, 6, 1,
13, 0, 11, 7, 4, 9, 1, 10, 14, 3, 5, 12, 2, 15, 8, 6,
1, 4, 11, 13, 12, 3, 7, 14, 10, 15, 6, 8, 0, 5, 9, 2,
6, 11, 13, 8, 1, 4, 10, 7, 9, 5, 0, 15, 14, 2, 3, 12
},
{
13, 2, 8, 4, 6, 15, 11, 1, 10, 9, 3, 14, 5, 0, 12, 7,
1, 15,13, 8, 10, 3, 7, 4, 12, 5, 6, 11, 0, 14, 9, 2,
7, 11, 4, 1, 9, 12, 14, 2, 0, 6, 10, 13, 15, 3, 5, 8,
2, 1, 14, 7, 4, 10, 8, 13, 15, 12, 9, 0, 3, 5, 6, 11
}
};

int pc1[8][7]={
57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17, 9,
1, 58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18,
10, 2, 59, 51, 43, 35, 27,
19, 11, 3, 60, 52, 44, 36,
63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15,
7, 62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22,
14, 6, 61, 53, 45, 37, 29,
 21, 13, 5, 28, 20, 12, 4
};

int pc2[6][8]={
14, 17, 11, 24, 1, 5, 3, 28,
15, 6, 21, 10, 23, 19, 12, 4,
26, 8, 16, 7, 27, 20, 13, 2,
41, 52, 31, 37, 47, 55, 30, 40,
51, 45, 33, 48, 44, 49, 39, 56,
34, 53, 46, 42, 50, 36, 29, 32
};

int rotating_schedule[16]={1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,1};
/*necessary tables initialization ends*/
/*hexadecimal msg and key input and conversion to binary starts*/
string bin_key,input;
cout<<"Input hex message:";
for(int i=0;i<16;i++){
cout<<message[i];
}
for(int i=0;i<16;i++){
int a=message[i]-'0';
input=input+conv_table[a];
}
cout<<endl;
cout<<"Output Binary Message:\n"<<input<<endl;

for(int i=0;i<16;i++){
int a=key[i]-'0';
bin_key=bin_key+conv_table[a];
}
cout<<"Output Binary key:\n"<<bin_key<<endl;
/*hexadecimal msg and key input and conversion to binary ends*/

/*Key processing starts*/

string fs_key=fifty_six_bit_key(bin_key,pc1);
cout<<"Fifty Six Bit Key:\n"<<fs_key<<endl;

string ip_msg=initial_permuted_msg(input,ip);
cout<<"IP message:\n"<<ip_msg<<endl;

string Lo=ip_msg.substr(0,32);
cout<<"\nL["<<0<<"]:"<<Lo<<endl;

string Ro=ip_msg.substr(32,64);
cout<<"R["<<0<<"]:"<<Ro<<endl;

string Co=fs_key.substr(0,28);
//cout<<"\nC["<<0<<"]:"<<Co<<endl;/*If you want to see the left half of the key*/

string Do=fs_key.substr(28,56);
//cout<<"D["<<0<<"]:"<<Do<<endl;/*If you want to see the right half of the key*/

int round=16;
string key_holder[round],fe_key;
for(int i=0;i<round;i++){
int iteration=i;
string C1=rol_keys(Co,rotating_schedule,iteration%round);
 string D1=rol_keys(Do,rotating_schedule,iteration%round);

fe_key=fourty_eight_bit_key(C1,D1,pc2);
key_holder[i]=fe_key;

Co=C1;
Do=D1; /*key processing ends*/
}

int i=0;
while(round>0){
cout<<"\nRound:"<<i+1<<endl;
Sleep(500);

string ep_msg=expanded_msg(Ro,ep);
cout<<"Expanded msg(ER["<<i<<"]):\n"<<ep_msg<<endl;

if(encrypt==false){
fe_key="";
for(int j=0;j<48;j++)fe_key=fe_key+key_holder[round-1][j];
cout<<"\nkey["<<round<<"]:\n"<<fe_key<<endl;
}
else{
fe_key="";
for(int j=0;j<48;j++)fe_key=fe_key+key_holder[i][j];
cout<<"\nkey["<<i+1<<"]:\n"<<fe_key<<endl;
}

string xored_message=xored_msg(ep_msg,fe_key);
cout<<"Xored Message(E(R["<<i<<"]+K["<<i+1<<"]):\n"<<xored_message<<endl;

string substituted_msg=substitution_function(xored_message,sbox);
cout<<"Substituted Message(S-Box outputs):\n"<<substituted_msg<<endl;

string permuted_msg=permuted_message(substituted_msg,pf);
cout<<"Permuted message(f(R["<<i<<"],K["<<i+1<<"])):\n"<<permuted_msg<<endl;

string L1=Ro;
cout<<"L["<<i+1<<"]:"<<L1<<endl;

string R1=xored_msg(Lo,permuted_msg);
cout<<"R["<<i+1<<"]:"<<R1<<endl;

Lo=L1;
Ro=R1;

round--;
i++;
}

string reversed_msg=Ro+Lo;
cout<<"\nReversed message:\n"<<reversed_msg<<endl;

string des_encrypted_msg=inverse_ip_msg(reversed_msg,inv_ip);
cout<<"DES Encrypted Binary Message:\n"<<des_encrypted_msg<<endl;

string hex_encrypted_msg=hex_conversion(des_encrypted_msg,conv_table,hex);

return hex_encrypted_msg;
}

bool input_verifier(string message){

int count=0,found=0;
string hex_standard="0123456789ABCDEF";

for(int i=0;i<message.length();i++){
for(int j=0;j<hex_standard.length();j++){
if(message[i]==hex_standard[j])count++;
}
}

if(count==message.length())found=1;
if(message.length()>16||message.length()<16||found==0){
return false;
}
else{
return true;
}
}

int main(){
cout<<"Do you want to put a Hex Message by your own?(y/n):";
string message,key;
char ch,endc;
bool encrypt;
cin>>ch;
if(tolower(ch)=='y'){
while(1){
cout<<"Enter the hex message(all upper case,type quit to
quit):";
cin>>message;
bool check=input_verifier(message);
if(check==true||message=="quit")break;
else{
cout<<"Wrong Input!"<<endl;
}
}
while(1){
cout<<"Enter the hex key(all upper case,type quit to quit):";
cin>>key;
bool check=input_verifier(key);
if(check==true||key=="quit")break;
else{
cout<<"Wrong Input!"<<endl;
}
}

if(message=="quit"&&key=="quit"){
cout<<"Now program will run on hard coded hex
message:0123456789ABCDEF \nand key:133457799BBCDFF1"<<endl;
Sleep(1000);
string message="0123456789ABCDEF",key="133457799BBCDFF1";
string encrypted_msg=des_process(message,key,true);
cout<<"Finally!!Hex Encrypted Message:"<<encrypted_msg<<endl;

char ch;
cout<<"Want to see decryption?(y/n):";
 cin>>ch;
if(tolower(ch)=='y'){
cout<<"Decrytion Starts:"<<endl;
string decrypted_msg=des_process(encrypted_msg,key,false);
cout<<"Finally!!DES Decrypted Hex Message:"<<decrypted_msg;
}
}
else{
cout<<"Encrypt/Decrypt(e/d)?:";
cin>>endc;
if(tolower(endc)=='e')encrypt=true;
else encrypt=false;

if(message!="quit" && key!="quit"){

if(encrypt){
string
encrypted_msg=des_process(message,key,encrypt);
cout<<"\nFinally!!DES Encrypted Hex
Message:"<<encrypted_msg<<endl;
cout<<"Do you want to see its decryption(y/n):";
char input;
cin>>input;
if(tolower(input)=='y'){
string
decrypted_msg=des_process(encrypted_msg,key,false);
cout<<"Finally!!DES Decrypted Hex
Message:"<<decrypted_msg;
}
}
else{
string decrypted_msg=des_process(message,key,encrypt);
cout<<"\nFinally!!DES Decrypted Hex
Message:"<<decrypted_msg<<endl;
}
}
else if(message=="quit"){
cout<<"Now program will run on hard coded hex
message:0123456789ABCDEF"<<endl;
Sleep(1000);
string message="0123456789ABCDEF";
string encrypted_msg=des_process(message,key,encrypt);
cout<<"Finally!!Hex Encrypted Message:"<<encrypted_msg<<endl;

char ch;
cout<<"Want to see decryption?(y/n):";
cin>>ch;
if(tolower(ch)=='y'){
cout<<"Decrytion Starts:"<<endl;
string decrypted_msg=des_process(encrypted_msg,key,false);
cout<<"Finally!!DES Decrypted Hex Message:"<<decrypted_msg;
}
}
else if(key=="quit"){
cout<<"Now program will run on hard coded hex
key:133457799BBCDFF1"<<endl;
Sleep(1000);
string key="133457799BBCDFF1";
string encrypted_msg=des_process(message,key,encrypt);
cout<<"Finally!!DES Encrypted Hex
Message:"<<encrypted_msg<<endl;

char ch;
cout<<"Want to see decryption?(y/n):";
cin>>ch;
if(tolower(ch)=='y'){
cout<<"Decrytion Starts:"<<endl;
string decrypted_msg=des_process(encrypted_msg,key,false);
cout<<"Finally!!DES Decrypted Hex Message:"<<decrypted_msg;
}
}
}
}
else{
string ascii_table[26]={
"61",
"62",
"63",
"64",
"65",
"66",
"67",
"68",
"69",
"6A",
"6B",
"6C",
"6D",
"6E",
"6F",
"70",
"71",
"72",
"73",
"74",
"75",
"76",
"77",
"78",
"79",
"7A"

};
string characters="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
cout<<"Do you want to put plaintext?(y/n):";
char inp;
cin>>inp;
if(tolower(inp)=='y'){
string str="",message="";
cout<<"Type the plain text 8 characters long(a to z):";
cin>>str;

for(int i=0;i<str.length();i++){
int find=0;
while(1){
if(str[i]==characters[find])break;
find++;
}
message=message+ascii_table[find];
 }

while(1){
cout<<"Enter the hex key(all upper case,type quit to
quit):";
cin>>key;
bool check=input_verifier(key);
if(check==true)break;
else{
cout<<"Wrong Input!"<<endl;
}
}
string enc_msg=des_process(message,key,true);
cout<<"Finally!!Hex Encrypted Message:"<<enc_msg<<endl;

char ch;
cout<<"Want to see decryption?(y/n):";
cin>>ch;
if(tolower(ch)=='y'){
cout<<"Decrytion Starts:"<<endl;
string de_msg=des_process(enc_msg,key,false);
cout<<"Finally!!DES Decrypted Hex Message:"<<de_msg;

int len=2;
string substring="",plain_txt="";
for(int i=0;i<16;i+=2){
int find=0;
substring=de_msg.substr(i,len);
while(1){
if(ascii_table[find]==substring)break;
find++;
}
plain_txt=plain_txt+characters[find];
}
cout<<"\nDecrypted plain text is:"<<plain_txt<<endl;
}

}
else{
cout<<"Now program will run on hard coded hex
message:0123456789ABCDEF \nand key:133457799BBCDFF1"<<endl;
Sleep(1000);
string message="0123456789ABCDEF",key="133457799BBCDFF1";
string encrypted_msg=des_process(message,key,true);
cout<<"Finally!!Hex Encrypted Message:"<<encrypted_msg<<endl;

char ch;
cout<<"Want to see decryption?(y/n):";
cin>>ch;
if(tolower(ch)=='y'){
cout<<"Decrytion Starts:"<<endl;
string decrypted_msg=des_process(encrypted_msg,key,false);
cout<<"Finally!!DES Decrypted Hex Message:"<<decrypted_msg;
}
}
}
return 0;
}