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Risk assessment of heavy metals from combustion of Todas versões

Expandir meus pelletized municipal sewage sludge
resultados Xiao, Zhihua ; Yuan, Xingzhong ; Leng, Lijian ; Jiang, Longbo ;
Chen, Xiaohong ; Zhibin, Wu ; Xin, Peng ; Jiachao, Zhang ; Zeng,
  Expandir meus Artigo Guangming
resultados Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2016, Vol.23(4),
pp.3934-3942 [Periódico revisado por pares]
Fly ash and slag are important by-products obtained from
Refinar meus combustion of municipal sewage sludge (MSS) after
pelletization. The quantitative environmental impact
resultados
assessment of heavy metals in fly ash and slag, compared to
Tópico  MSS, were performed in accordance with bioavailability and
Heavy Metals  (16) eco-toxicity, geo-accumulation index (GAI), risk assessment
Biochar  (14) code (RAC), and potential ecological risk index (PERI). The
Environmental results demonstrated that not only direct but also long-term
Sciences  (13) bioavailability and eco-toxicity of heavy metals in fly ash and
Charcoal  (13) slag decreased except direct bioavailability and eco-toxicity of
Risk Assessment  Pb in fly ash. The GAI demonstrated that combustion
(12) significantly weakened ( P < 0.05) the pollution levels of heavy
metals. PERI indicated that all risks attributed to heavy metals
Mais opções  were significantly lowered ( P < 0.05) from 777.07 (very high
risk) in MSS to 288.72 (moderate risk) and 64.55 (low risk) in fly
ash and slag, respectively. In terms of the RAC, seven heavy
Autor  metals had low even no risk to the environments after
Devi, Parmila  (3) combustion besides As in slag. The environmental risk of heavy
Zeng, Yongmei  (2) metals in fly ash and slag was decreased compared with MSS.
Zhang, Yanzong  (2) However, the results of PERI showed that fly ash had a moderate
Shin, Wooseok  (2) risk.
Shen, Fei  (2) Texto completo disponível
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Evaluation of migration of heavy metals and performance of Todas versões

Data de publicação  product during co-pyrolysis process of municipal sewage
sludge and walnut shell
From 2010 To Liu, Yucheng ; Liu, Qian ; Chen, Mingyan ; Ma, Lili ; Yang, Bing ;
2019 Refine Artigo Chen, Ju ; Lv, Zhongxiang ; Liang, Qingling ; Yang, Ping
Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, Sep
2010 2017, Vol.24(27), pp.22082-22090 [Periódico revisado por pares]
A feasible and efficient type of biological sludge-activated
2019 carbon (BSAC) was produced by co-pyrolysis of municipal
sewage sludge (MSS) and walnut shell (4:1, w/w) at 500 °C. It
was found that BSAC was typical mesoporous material with
favorable pore structure and abundant surface functional
Coleção  groups,...
Science Citation biochar made from paper mill effluent treatment plant sludge
Index Expanded for bioavailability and eco- toxicity of heavy metals. Bioresour
(Web of Science)  Technol 162:308–315 Fan SS, Tang
(30) Texto completo disponível
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MEDLINE/PubMed
(NLM)  (18)
Springer (CrossRef) 
(17)

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SpringerLink  (17) Todas versões
Stabilization of heavy metal contaminated marine sediments
Mais opções  with red mud and apatite composite
Shin, Wooseok ; Kim, Young-Kee
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2016, Vol.16(2), pp.726-735
Título do periódico  Artigo [Periódico revisado por pares]
Advances in Byline: Wooseok Shin (1), Young-Kee Kim (1,2) Keywords:
Geosciences  (1) Apatite; Red mud; Marine sediment; Mobility and availability;
Automation in Stabilization Abstract: Purpose Chemical stabilization (or
Construction  (1) immobilization) is an in situ remediation method that uses
Bioresource amendments to reduce heavy metals availability in
Technology  (2) contaminated sediments. In this study, stabilization of heavy
Complexity  (1) metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, and Ni) in contaminated marine sediment
Environmental Earth was conducted using three amendments (i.e., red mud, apatite,
Sciences  (2) and a red mud/apatite composite) made up of industrial by-
product and natural mineral. Materials and methods Red mud,
Mais opções  apatite, and their composite were prepared by natural drying
and grinding for use in the experiments. Three proportions of
immobilizing additives were added to each reactor: 5 wt% red
Novas pesquisas mud, 5 wt% apatite, and 2.5 wt% red mud+2.5 wt% apatite. The
amendments were applied in a wet-curing stabilization process
sugeridas
for 4 months. A sequential extraction procedure, a toxicity
deste autor: characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), and a potential
Devi, Parmila ecological risk index (PERI) were used to evaluate remediation
Zeng, Yongmei performance, and comparison of the results was used to
Zhang, Yanzong evaluate stabilization effect. Results and discussion The
Shin, Wooseok experimental data indicated that the sediment was polluted by
Shen, Fei heavy metals, especially Ni and Zn. Based on the results of
sequential extraction, the sum of bioavailable fractions
(exchangeable and carbonates) and potentially bioavailable
fractions (oxides and organics) for Pb, Cd, Zn, and Ni were 92.1,
Neste assunto:
95.4, 84.3, and 72.0 % of the total concentrations in raw
Heavy Metals
sediment, respectively. After the stabilization treatment with
Biochar
red mud, the mobility of the heavy metals was reduced. The
Environmental
sum of bioavailable fractions and potentially bioavailable
Sciences
fractions of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Ni in sediment decreased to 80.2,
Charcoal
88.6, 81.5, and 47.3 %, respectively. TCLP and ecological risk
Risk Assessment
assessment were conducted to evaluate the mobility and
bioavailability of heavy metals in the sediments before and
after treatment. The mobility and bioavailability of heavy
assinar RSS metals were also reduced compared to initial concentrations by
Adicionar stabilization treatment with the amendments. Conclusions
Results demonstrated that red mud, apatite, and red
página ao Meu mud/apatite composite treatments were useful in reducing the
Espaço harmful effects of heavy metals in contaminated sediments. In
particular, red mud showed the best effect in controlling the
bioavailability and toxicity of heavy metals in contaminated
marine sediment and thus could be employed for sediment
remediation. Author Affiliation: (1) Institute of Marine Science
and Technology Research, Hankyong National University,
Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do, 17579, Republic of Korea (2) Department
of Chemical Engineering and Research Center of Chemical
Technology, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-
Do, 17579, Republic of Korea Article History: Registration Date:
28/09/2015 Received Date: 27/10/2014 Accepted Date:
28/09/2015 Online Date: 08/10/2015 Article note: Responsible
editor: Karl J. Rockne
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The change of heavy metals fractions during hydrochar Todas versões

decomposition in soils amended with different municipal
sewage sludge hydrochars
Yue, Yan ; Yao, Yong ; Lin, Qimei ; Li, Guitong ; Zhao, Xiaorong
Artigo Journal of Soils and Sediments, Mar 2017, Vol.17(3), pp.763-770
[Periódico revisado por pares]
Purpose This study was to investigate the changes of heavy
metals in the soils amended with different municipal sewage
sludge hydrochars. Materials and methods Sewage sludge
hydrochars prepared at either 190 or 260 °C, for 1, 6, 12, 18, or
24 h, respectively, were added to soil samples and then
incubated for 60 days. Water-extractable organic carbon
(WEOC) and CO2 evolution were determined during the
incubation. The total quantities of heavy metals and their
different fractions were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma
spectrometry (ICP). Results and discussion Hydrochar-amended
soils had much higher water-extractable carbon and more CO2
evolution than control soil, indicating that the added hydrochars
contained a significant amount of WEOC and could be
decomposed during the incubation. Hydrochar addition
immediately and significantly increased the total heavy metals
of the soil. Moreover, both oxidizable and residual fractions of
all heavy metals were significantly higher in all the...
a wastewater treatment plant in Beijing. About 600 mL of
sludge was placed in a... biochar made from paper mill effluent
treatment plant sludge for
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Leaching characteristics and phytotoxic effects of sewage Todas versões

sludge biochar
Phoungthong, Khamphe ; Zhang, Hua ; Shao, Li-Ming ; He, Pin-
Jing
Artigo Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 2018,
Vol.20(4), pp.2089-2099 [Periódico revisado por pares]
Biochar was prepared via the pyrolysis of sewage sludge at
temperatures ranging from 300 to 900 °C and the physical–
chemical compositions of the biochars obtained were analyzed.
Leaching tests were conducted using the biochars to investigate
the release of the constituents and their phytotoxic effects on
wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) seeds in a germination test.
Multivariate analyses were used to evaluate the contributions of
the constituents to the germination index (GI). The results
showed that the biochars were rich in micronutrient contents
and they improved the germination of wheat. The heavy metal
contents were higher in the biochars than the sewage sludge
and their levels increased with the pyrolysis temperature, but
they were within the acceptable limits for land application,
thereby suggesting that sewage sludge is suitable for use as a
biochar substrate. The different components of the biochar
leachates could promote and inhibit the germination of wheat
seeds, where the GI was promoted at lower concentrations but
inhibited at higher concentrations. Our results suggest that
biochar is an effective and environmentally friendly fixative for
the immobilization of heavy metals in sewage sludge when
applied to land or disposed of in landfill, but its ecotoxicity
needs to be assessed to ensure its environmental safety.
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Levels of persistent toxic substances in different biochars and Todas versões

their potential ecological risk assessment
Zhang, Guixiang ; Zhao, Zhihua ; Guo, Xiaofang ; Han, Zhiwang ;
He, Qiusheng ; Zhang, Fengsong ; Xu, Hongying
Artigo Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018, Vol.25(33),
pp.33207-33215 [Periódico revisado por pares]
This study investigated the levels of persistent toxic substances,
such as 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Σ16PAHs) and
heavy metals (Cu, As, Cd, Zn, Pb, Ni, Mo, and Cr) in biochars
produced from crop residues (walnut shell, corn cob, corn
straw, rice straw, and rice husk) at different heat treatment
temperatures (HTTs, 250, 400, and 600 °C). The levels of
Σ16PAHs in different biochars were 0.47–7.11 mg kg −1 , with
naphthalene and phenanthrene contributing the most. The
Σ16PAHs had the positive correlations with H/C and (O + N)/C,
but had negative correlations with biochar surface areas. This
finding indicates the increasing hydrophobic π-π interactions
between the PAHs and the aromatic sheets of biochars and even
the trapping of PAHs within the micropores with the increase of
HTTs. The levels of heavy metals in rice residue-derived
biochars were significantly higher than those in other biochars.
The heavy metals had positive correlations with ash contents in
the biochars, indicating the enrichment of heavy metals in the
ash. The potential ecological risks of PAHs and heavy metals
(dosage: 1%, w / w ; frequency: 1) were minimal according to
the risk quotient of negligible concentrations (RQ NCs : 2.50–
47.40, << 800) and maximum permissible concentrations (RQ
MPCs : 0.02–0.48, << 1) for PAHs and the potential ecological risk
indexes (PERI: 0.01–0.28, << 150) for heavy metals.
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Assessment of the pulmonary toxic potential of nano-tobacco Todas versões

stem-pyrolyzed biochars
Dong, C. D. ; Lung, S. C. C. ; Chen, C. W. ; Lee, J. S. ; Chen, Y.
C. ; Wang, W. C. V. ; Chen, C. J. ; Hung, C. M. ; Lin, C. H.
Artigo Environmental Science: Nano, 2019, Vol.6(5), pp.1527-1535
[Periódico revisado por pares]
Despite the growing potential in various applications of
nanobiochars, there are still concerns regarding their health
effects. In this study, we used a normal human in vitro model to
investigate the possible toxic effects, including pulmonary
toxicity, of epithelial exposure to nanobiochars. Nano-tobacco
stem-pyrolyzed biochars (nTSBs), which are generated at 500 C,
were used to analyze their potential adverse effects on the
lungs. Our results demonstrated that nTSBs can cause evident
cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in epithelial cells by inducing
ROS formation. nTSB exposure also led to the activation of
inflammatory factors. Furthermore, decreases in transepithelial
electrical resistance and zonula occludens proteins after
exposure to nTSBs impaired the integrity of the epithelial
barrier. Increases in oxidized 1-antitrypsin in BEAS-2B cells also
suggested that nTSB exposure increases the risk of chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease. However, all of these adverse
responses were induced by high concentrations of nTSBs.
Accordingly, the pulmonary toxic potential of nTSBs occurring at
high concentrations is likely not the same as that occurring at
more realistic outdoor exposure concentrations. Collectively,
our results indicate that the risk of nTSB toxicity is low when
nTSBs are used as raw materials in commercial applications.
from paper mill effluent treatment plant sludge for
bioavailability and eco-toxicity of heavy metals, Bioresour.
Technol., 2014, 162, 308–315. 34 H. H. Lyu,
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Detoxification of parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus) and Todas versões

its metamorphosis into an organic fertilizer and biopesticide
Hussain, Naseer ; Abbasi, Tasneem ; Abbasi, Shahid
Bioresources and Bioprocessing, Jun 2017, Vol.4(1), pp.1-9
Artigo [Periódico revisado por pares]
Vermicompost of the toxic and allelopathic weed parthenium
(Parthenium hysterophorus) was explored for its possible use as
an organic fertilizer. Replicated plant growth trials were
conducted using four levels of parthenium vermicompost (0,
2.5, 3.75, and 5 t/ha) to assess their effects on the
germination, growth, and fruition of a typical food plant ladies
finger (Abelmoschus esculentus). Additionally the role of
vermicompost in reducing plant pests and disease was
evaluated. Vermicompost encouraged the germination and
growth of ladies finger at all levels of vermicompost
application, with best results obtained in 5 t/ha treatments.
The positive impact extended up to the fruit yield.
Vermicompost application also improved the quality of fruits in
terms of mineral, protein, and carbohydrate contents, and
reduced the disease incidence and pest attacks. The studies
establish the fact that parthenium acquires all the qualities of a
good organic fertilizer with concomitant loss of its toxic...
worm biomass production during vermicom- posting of effluent
treatment plant sludge of bakery industry. Environ Sci Pollut Res
22(19):14702–14709 Page 9 of...
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Life cycle assessment of combination of anaerobic digestion Todas versões

and pyrolysis: focusing on different options for biogas use
Mohammadi, Ali ; Venkatesh, G ; Sandberg, Maria ; Eskandari,
Samieh ; Granström, Karin
Artigo Advances in Geosciences, 2019, Vol.49, pp.57-66 [Periódico
revisado por pares]
The combination of anaerobic digestion and pyrolysis
technologies could be a novel energy-biochar production system
to maximize energy and nutrient recovery from pulp and paper
mill sludge. Herein, the life-cycle energy production and
emissions reduction of sludge treatment from a typical pulp and
paper mill were investigated, in which alternative uses of biogas
for industrial or household application, in different regions of
the world, were assessed. The three scenarios considered for
different end-uses of biogas are: (A) biogas for vehicle fuel in
the transportation sector in Sweden, (B) biogas for heat and
electricity in the power sector in Brazil, and (C) biogas for
cooking in households in China. The results of Environmental
Life-Cycle Assessment (E-LCA) show that for all these three
scenarios, the use of biogas and pyrolysis gas contributes most
to emissions mitigation, while the dewatering and drying
processes carried out on the sludge, contribute the most to the
environmental emissions....
. K.: Risk analysis of pyrolyzed biochar made from paper mill
effluent treatment plant sludge for bioavailabil- ity and eco-
toxicity of heavy metals...
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Phytotoxicity assessment on corn stover biochar, derived Todas versões

from fast pyrolysis, based on seed germination, early growth,
and potential plant cell damage
Li, Yang ; Shen, Fei ; Guo, Haiyan ; Wang, Zhanghong ; Yang,
Artigo Gang ; Wang, Lilin ; Zhang, Yanzong ; Zeng, Yongmei ; Deng,
Shihuai
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2015, Vol.22(12),
pp.9534-9543 [Periódico revisado por pares]
The potential phytotoxicity of water extractable toxicants in a
typical corn stover biochar, the product of fast pyrolysis, was
investigated using an aqueous biochar extract on a soil-less
bioassay with tomato plants. The biochar dosage of 0.0–16.0 g
beaker −1 resulted in an inverted U -shaped dose-response
relationship between biochar doasage and seed
germination/seedling growth. This indicated that tomato growth
was slightly stimulated by low dosages of biochar and inhibited
with higher dosages of biochar. Additionally, antioxidant enzyme
activities in the roots and leaves were enhanced at lower
dosages, but rapidly decreased with higher dosages of biochar.
With the increased dosages of biochar, the malondialdehyde
content in the roots and leaves increased, in addition with the
observed morphology of necrotic root cells, suggesting that
serious damage to tomato seedlings occurred. EC50 of root
length inhibition occurred with biochar dosages of 9.2 g beaker
−1 (3.5th day) and 16.7 g beaker −1 (11th day) (equivalent to
82.8 and 150.3 t ha −1 , respectively), which implied that
toxicity to the early growth of tomato can potentially be
alleviated as the plant grows.
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