Common
*BD* = Before Dinner >
Medical
Abbreviations
*Rx* = Prescription >
*Hx* = History >
*Dx* = Diagnosis >
*q* = Every >
*qd* = Every day >
*qod* = Every other day >
*qh* = Every Hour >
*S* = without >
*SS* = One & half >
*C* = With >
*SOS* = If needed >
*AC* = Before Meals >
*PC* = After meals >
*BID* = Twice a Day >
*TID* = Thrice a Day >
*QID* = Four times a day >
*OD* = Once a Day >
*BT* = Bed Time >
*hs* = Bed Time >
*BBF* = Before Breakfast >
*Tw* = Twice a week >
*SQ* = sub cutaneous >
*IM* = Intramuscular >
*ID* = Intradermal >
*IV* = Intravenous >
*Q4H* = (every 4 hours) >
*QOD* = (every other day) >
*HS* = (at bedtime) >
*PRN* = (as needed) >
*PO or "per os"* (by
mouth) >
*Mg* = (milligrams) >
*Mcg/ug* = (micrograms) >
*G or Gm* = (grams) >
*1TSF* (Teaspoon) = 5 ml >
*1 Tablespoonful* =15ml
*DDx* = differential Diagnosis
*Tx* =Treatment
*RTx* = Radiotherapy
*CTx* = Chemotherapy
*R/O* =rule out
*s.p* = status post
*PMH(x)* =post medical history
*Px* =Prognosis
*Ix* =Indication
*CIx* =contraindication
*Bx* =biopsy
*Cx* =complication
Knowledge
About Blood
1. Which is known as ‘River
of Life’?
*Answer: Blood*
2. Blood circulation was
discovered by?
*Answer: William Harvey*
3. The total blood volume in
an adult? *Answer: 5-6
Litres*
4. The pH value of Human
blood?
*Answer: 7.35-7.45*
5. The normal blood
cholesterol level?
*Answer: 150-250 mg/100
ml*
6. The fluid part of blood?
*Answer: Plasma*
7. Plasma protein fibrinogen
has an active role in?
*Answer: Clotting of blood*
8. Plasma protein globulins
functions as? *Answer:
Antibodies*
9. Plasma proteins maintain
the blood pH? *Answer:
Albumins*
10. Biconcave discs shaped
blood cell? *Answer: RBC*
(Erythrocytes) *
11. Non nucleated blood
cell?*
*Answer: RBC*
(Erythrocytes)
12. Respiratory pigments
present in RBC?
*Answer: Haemoglobin* 13.
Red pigment present in RBC?
*Answer: Haemoglobin* 14.
RBC produced in the?
*Answer: Bone marrow* 15.
Iron containing pigment of
Haemoglobin? *Answer:
Haem*
16. Protein containing
pigment of Haemoglobin?
*Answer: Globin*
17. Graveyard of RBC?
*Answer: Spleen*
18. Blood bank in the body?
*Answer: Spleen*
19. Life span of RBC?
*Answer: 120 Days*
20. Total count is measured
by an instrument known as?
*Answer: Haemocytometer*
21. A decrease in RBC count
is known as? *Answer:
Anemia*
22. An increase in RBC count
is known as? *Answer:
Polycythemia*
23. A high concentration of
bilirubin in the blood causes?
*Answer: Jaundice*
24. The disease resistant
blood cell?
*Answer: WBC (leucocytes)*
25. Which WBC is known as
soldiers of the body?
*Answer: Neutrophils*
26. Largest WBC? *Answer:
Monocyes*
27. Smallest WBC? *Answer:
Lymphocytes* 28. Antibodies
producing WBC?
*Answer: Lymphocytes* 29.
Life span of WBC? *Answer:
10-15 days*
30. Blood cell performs an
important role in blood
clotting?
*Answer: Thrombocytes (Platelets)*
31. Vessels is called?
*Answer: Thrombus*
32. Anticoagulant present in
Blood? *Answer: Heparin*
33. A hereditary bleeding
disease?
 *Answer: Haemophilia* 34.
Bleeder’s disease? *Answer:
Haemophilia* 35. Christmas
disease? *Answer:
Haemophilia* 36. A type of
Anemia with sickle shaped
RBC? *Answer: Sickle cell
anemia*

37. Viscosity of Blood?

*Answer: 4.5 to 5.5*
38. Instrument used to
measure haemoglobin?
*Answer: Haemoglobinometer* 39.
Who demonstrated blood
groups?
*Answer: Karl Landsteiner* 40.
Who demonstrated Rh
factor?
*Answer: Karl Landsteiner*
41. Blood group which is
called Universal donor? MEDICAL
*Answer: O* TERMINOLOGY
42. Blood group which is
called Universal recipient?
*Answer: AB* Everybody should know
43. Blood group is most the basic functioning of
common among the Asians? Human Body and its main
*Answer: B* parts in order to express
and explain their ailment
to the Doctor and at the
 same time one should be *8. Cardio* - Heart
able to understand the *9. Cephal* - Head
diagnosis expressed by
the Doctor in the medical *10. Cerebro* - Brain
terminology. For easy *11. Cervico* - Cervix
recognition of the *12. Cholecysto* - Gall Bladder
Compounded Words used
in the Medical *13. Coli* - Bowel
Terminology for naming *14. Colpo* - Vagina
the disease, Suffixes are *15. Entero* - Intestine
added to Prefixes. For this *16. Gastro* - Stomach
here under giving you a *17. Glosso* - Tongue
few such prefixes for your
ready reference and *18. Haema* - Blood
understanding. *19. Hepa* - Liver
*20. Hystero* - Uterus
Prefix - Meaning *21. Laryngo* - Larynx
*22. Leuco* - White
*23. Metro* - Uterus
*1. Adeno* - Glandular
*24. Myelo* - Spinal cord
*2. An* - Not *25. Myo* - Muscle
*3. Anti* - Against *26. Nephro* - Kidney
*4. Aorto* - Aorta *27. Neuro* - Nerve
*5. Artho* - joint *28. Odonto* - Tooth
*6. Bleph* - Eyelid *29. Orchido* - Testis
*7. Broncho* - Bronchi *30. Osteo* - Bone
*31. Oto* - Ear
*32. Pharyngo* - Pharynx
*33. Pio* - Pus
*34. Pneumo* - Lung
*35. Ren* - Kidney
*36. Rhin* - Nose
*37. Spleno* - Spleen
*38. Thyro* - Thyroid Gland
*39. Urethro* - Urethra
*40. Vesico* – Bladder
*Here are the suffixes
used in Medical
terminology. Check out!*
Suffix - Meaning
*1. -aemia* : Blood
*2. -algia* : Pain
*3. -derm* : skin
*4. -dynia* : pain
*5. -ectomy* : removal
*6. -Itis* : inflammation
*7. -lithiasis*: Presence of Stone
*8. -malacia* : softening
*9. -oma* : tumour
*10. -opia* : eye
*11. -osis* : Condition,excess
*12. -otomy* : incision of
*13. -phobia* : fear
*14. -plasty* : surgery
*15. -plegia* : peralysis
*16. -ptosis* : falling
*17. -rhoea* : excessive discharge
*18. -rhage* : to burst forth
*19. -rhythmia* : rhythm
*20. -stasis*: stoppage of movement
*21. -sthenia* : weakness
*22. -stomy* : outlet
*23. -tomy* : removal
*24. -trophy* : nourishment
*25. -uria* : urine
*Compounded Words - Meaning*
*1. Anaemia* - Deficiency
of haemoglobin in the
blood
*2. Analgesic* - Medicine
which alleviates pain
*3. Arthralgia* - Pain in a
joint
*4. Cephalalgia* -
Headache
*5. Nephralgia* - Pain in
the kidney
*6. Neuralgia* - Nerve
pain
*7. Myalgia* - Muscle
pain
*8. Otalgia* - Ear ache
*9. Gastralgia* - Pain in
the stomach
*10. Pyoderma* - Skin
infection with pus
formation
*11. Leucoderma* -
Defective skin
pigmentaion
*12. Hysterodynia* - Pain
in the uterus
*13. Hysterectomy* -
Excision of the uterus
*14. Nephrectomy* -
Excision of a kidney
*15. Adenectomy* -
Excision of a gland
*16. Cholecystectomy* -
Excision of gall bladder
*17. Thyroidectomy* -
Excision of thyroid gland
*18. Arthritis* -
Inflammation of a joint
*19. Bronchitis* -
Inflammation of the
bronchi
*20. Carditis* -
Inflammation of the heart
*21. Cervicitis* -
Inflammation of the
cervix
*22. Colitis* -
Inflammation of the colon
*23. Colpitis* -
Inflammation of the
vagina
*24. Cystitis* - *33. Pharyngitis* -
Inflammation of the Inflammation of the
urinary bladder pharynx
*25. Enteritis* - *34. Blepharitis* -
Inflammation of the Inflammation of the
intestines eyelids
*26. Gastritis* - *35. Cholelithiasis* -
Inflammation of the Stone in the gall bladder
stomach *36. Nephrolithiasis* -
*27. Glossitis* - Stone in the kidney
Inflammation of the *37. Osteomalacia* -
tongue Softening of bones
*28. Hepatitis* - through deficiency of
Inflammation of the liver calcium or D vitamin
*29. Laryngitis* - *38. Adenoma* -Benign
Inflammation of the tumour of glandular
larynx tissue
*30. Metritis* - *39. Myoma* - Tumour of
Inflammation of the muscle
uterus *40. Diplopia* - Double
*31. Myelitis* - vision
Inflammation of the *41. Thrombosis* -
spinal cord Formation of a blood clot
*32. Nephritis* - *42. Pyloromyotomy* -
Inflammation of the Incision of pyloric
kidney sphincter muscle
*43. Hedrophobia* - Fear
of water (Rabies in
humans)
*44. Neuroplasty* -
Surgical repair of nerves
*45. Pyloraplasty* -
Incision of plastic pylorus
to widen passage
*46. Hemiplegia* -
Paralysis of one side of
the body
*47. Nephroptosis* -
Downward displacement of the kidney
*48. Amenorrhoea* -
Absence of menstrual
discharge
*49. Dysmenorrhoea* -
Painful menstruation
*50. Leucorrhoea* -
Whitish vaginal discharge
*51. Menorrhoea* -
Menstrual bleeding
*52. Haemorrhage* -
Escape of blood from a
vessel
*53. Arrhythmia* - Any
deviation of normal
rhythm of heart
*54. Cholestasis* -
Diminution in the flow of
bile
*55. Haemostatis* -
Arrest of bleeding
*56. Neurasthenia* -
Nervous debility
*57. Cystostomy* -
Surgical opening made
into the bladder
*58. Cystotomy* - Incision
into the urinary bladder
*59. Hypertrophy* -
Increase in the size of
tissues
*60. Haematuria* - Blood
in the urine
*61. Glycosuria* -
Presence of sugar in the
urine
*62. Albuminuria* -
Presence of albumin in
the urine
 Archaeology: the study of
the material remains of
cultures

Astronomy: the study of

celestial objects in the
universe

Astrophysics: the study of

the physics of the universe

Bacteriology: the study of

bacteria in relation to
disease

BRANCHES

OF SCIENCE
Biochemistry: the study of
the organic chemistry of
Aerodynamics: the study of compounds and processes
the motion of gas on objects occurring in organisms
and the forces created
Anatomy: the study of the
Biophysics: the application
structure and organization
of theories and methods of
of living things
the physical sciences to
questions of biology
Anthropology: the study of
human cultures both past
Biology: the science that
and present
studies living organisms
Botany: the scientific study
of plant life
Chemical Engineering: the
application of science,
mathematics, and
economics to the process of
converting raw materials
or chemicals into more
useful or valuable forms
Chemistry: the science of
matter and its interactions
with energy and itself
Climatology: the study of
climates and investigations
of its phenomena and
causes
Computer Science: the
systematic study of
computing systems and
computation
Ecology: the study of how
organisms interact with
each other and their
environment
Electronics: science and
technology of electronic
phenomena
Engineering: the practical
application of science to
commerce or industry
Entomology: the study of
insects
Environmental Science: the
science of the interactions
between the physical,
chemical, and biological
components of the
environment
Forestry: the science of
studying and managing
forests and plantations, and
related natural resources
Genetics: the science of
genes, heredity, and the
variation of organisms
Geology: the science of the
Earth, its structure, and
history
 (including optical)
properties of minerals

Marine Biology: the study

of animal and plant life Molecular Biology: the
within saltwater study of biology at a
ecosystems molecular level

Mathematics: a science
dealing with the logic of
Nuclear Physics: the branch
quantity and shape and
of physics concerned with
arrangement
the nucleus of the atom

Medicine: the science

Neurology: the branch of
concerned with
medicine dealing with the
maintaining health and
nervous system and its
restoring it by treating
disorders
disease

Oceanography: study of the

Meteorology: study of the
earth's oceans and their
atmosphere that focuses on
interlinked ecosystems and
weather processes and
chemical and physical
forecasting
processes

Microbiology: the study of

Organic Chemistry: the
microorganisms, including
branch of chemistry
viruses, prokaryotes and
dedicated to the study of
simple eukaryotes
the structures, synthesis,
and reactions of
carbon-containing
Mineralogy: the study of
compounds
the chemistry, crystal
structure, and physical
Ornithology: the study of Taxonomy: the science of
birds classification of animals
and plants

Paleontology: the study of

life-forms existing in Thermodynamics: the
former geological time physics of energy, heat,
periods work, entropy and the
spontaneity of processes

Petrology: the geological

and chemical study of rocks Zoology: the study of
animals.

Physics: the study of the

behavior and properties of
matter

Physiology: the study of the

mechanical, physical, and
biochemical functions of
living organisms

Radiology: the branch of

medicine dealing with the
applications of radiant
energy, including x-rays
and radioisotopes

Seismology: the study of

earthquakes and the
movement of waves
through the Earth