CHRONOLOGY OF PAKISTAN’S RELATIONS WITH USSR

BACKGROUND: The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics abbreviated to USSR and SU or shortened to
the Soviet Union , was a Marxist–Leninist state on the Eurasian continent that existed between 1922 And
1991. It was governed as a single-party state by the Communist Party with Moscow as its capital.

AFTER INDEPENCE, PAKISTAN SUPPORTED USA INSTEAD OF USSR:

1947: On the independence of Pakistan, The entire world congratulate Pakistan but the Russ ia did not congratulate
Pakistan on this happiest event. USA and USSR both invited Pakistan at the same time to visit them. Pakistan refused
USSR and visited USA
1950: USSR helped India in the Kashmir Dispute and also gave economical and technical support to them.
1955: Pakistan joined SEATO & CENTO. USSR took this as a firm declaration in the favor of USA.

PAKISTAN’S HAND IN U-2 SPY PLANE OF USA:

1956: USSR offered Pakistan Government aid at an agreement of breaking alliance with USA. Pakistan refused.
1960: A spy plane from USA base in Peshawar flew to USSR which was shot down there. Pakistan was blamed for
sending plane. U-2 Spy Plane

TURNING POINT TO PAK-RUSSIAN RELATIONS:

SUPPORT IN TRADE TO PAKISTAN:

1961: Pakistan’s relations with the USA deteriorated. Soviets agreed to begin exploring oil in Pakistan (turning point to
the relations)
1962: USA helped India in a war with China. The results led Pakistan and USSR closer
1963: China began to give aid to Pakistan. USSR doubled that loan up to £11 Million. USSR also took the Neutral stance
in the Kashmir Dispute (earlier it was helping India undisputedly)
1965: Ayub Khan made an official visit to USSR to make an agreement on trade and oil exploration.
1966: USSR hosted a peace conference to help Pakistan develop relations with India Reputation of USSR increased in
Asia (Relations developed to its extreme)
1968: Americans decided to close their Air Base in Peshawar, Soviets began to supply arms to Pakistan. Pakistan was now
getting military aids from USA, China and USSR. This annoyed USSR. (Relations started to worst a bit)

PAK-RUSSIA RELATIONS IN REGIME OF Z.A.BHUTTO:

1971: Pakistan helped to arrange a China-USA agreement. Soviet Union was annoyed as it implied a special relation
between USA, China and Pakistan. Soviet Union signed a treaty of Peace and Co-operation in India guaranteeing Soviet
help if India went to war with Pakistan (Relations Worsened)
1972: Z.A.Bhutto visited Soviet with a hope to rebuild good relations with USSR. In this meeting Soviets agreed to
build a steel mill to Pakistan (Relations again started getting better)
1979: USSR wanted the occupation of Afghanistan. Pakistan was helping Afghanistan with an aid from USA which
deteriorated Pakistan’s relations with United Soviet States of Russia. (Worst Relations)

PAK-RUSSIA RELATIONS IN THE REGIME OF ZIA-UL-HAQ:

1984: Cold reception to Zia-ul-Haq when he went to attend a funeral of Andropov (General Secretary of the
Communist Party of the Soviet Union) in USSR.
1988: Soviet disapproved Pakistan’s Nuclear Program and USSR began bombing raids on Pakistan. Soviets
withdrew from Afghanistan but hostile relations between Pakistan and USSR continued.

Reference: http:www.cssforum.com/optional-subjects/Indo-Pak-history.com