by inhibiting the enzyme xanthine oxidase is component of the cell? (A) Aspirin (B) Allopurinol (A) Nucleus (B) Mitochondria (C) Colchicine (D) Probenecid (C) Cytoplasm (D) Golgi apparatus 2. Which of the following is required for 13. Which one is the largest particulate of the crystallization and storage of the cytoplasm? hormone insulin? (A) Mn++ (B) Mg++ (A) Lysosomes (C) Ca++ (D) Zn++ (B) Mitochondria 3. Oxidation of which substance in the body (C) Golgi apparatus yields the most calories (A) Glucose (B) Glycogen (D) Entoplasmic reticulum (C) Protein (D) Lipids 14. The degradative Processess are categorized 4. Milk is deficient in which vitamins? under the heading of (A) Vitamin C (B) Vitamin A (A) Anabolism (B) Catabolism (C) Vitamin B2 (D) Vitamin K 5. Milk is deficient of which mineral? (C) Metabolism (D) None of the above (A) Phosphorus (B) Sodium 15. The exchange of material takes place (C) Iron (D) Potassium (A) Only by diffusion 6. Synthesis of prostaglandinsis is inhibited (B) Only by active transport by (A) Aspirin (B) Arsenic (C) Only by pinocytosis (C) Fluoride (D) Cyanide (D) All of these 7. HDL is synthesized and secreted from 16. The average pH of Urine is (A) Pancreas (B) Liver (A) 7.0 (B) 6.0 (C) Kidney (D) Muscle 8. Which are the cholesterol esters that enter (C) 8.0 (D) 0.0 cells through the receptor-mediated 17. The pH of blood is 7.4 when the ratio endocytosis of lipoproteins hydrolyzed? between H2CO3 and NaHCO3 is (A) Endoplasmin reticulum (A) 1 : 10 (B) 1 : 20 (B) Lysosomes (C) Plasma membrane receptor (C) 1 : 25 (C) 1 : 30 (D) Mitochondria 18. The phenomenon of osmosis is opposite 9. Which of the following phospholipids is to that of localized to a greater extent in the outer (A) Diffusion (B) Effusion leaflet of the membrane lipid bilayer? (A) Choline phosphoglycerides (C) Affusion (D) Coagulation (B) Ethanolamine phosphoglycerides 19. The surface tension in intestinal lumen (C) Inositol phosphoglycerides between fat droplets and aqueous (D) Serine phosphoglycerides medium is decreased by 10. All the following processes occur rapidly (A) Bile Salts (B) Bile acids in the membrane lipid bilayer except (A) Flexing of fatty acyl chains (C) Conc. H2SO4 (D) Acetic acid (B) Lateral diffusion of phospholipids 20. Which of the following is located in the (C) Transbilayer diffusion of phopholipids mitochondria? (D) Rotation of phospholipids around their long axes (A) Cytochrome oxidase 11. Which of the following statement is (B) Succinate dehydrogenase correct about membrane cholesterol? (C) Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (A) The hydroxyl group is located near the centre (C) All of these of the lipid layer 21. The most active site of protein synthesis (B) Most of the cholesterol is in the form of a cholesterol ester is the (C) The steroid nucleus form forms a rigid, planar (A) Nucleus (B) Ribosome structure (C) Mitochondrion (D) Cell sap 29. Carrier protein can 22. The fatty acids can be transported into (A) Transport only one substance and out of mitochondria through (B) Transport more than one substance (A) Active transport (C) Exchange one substance to another (B) Facilitated transfer (D) Perform all of these functions (C) Non-facilitated transfer 30. A lipid bilayer is permeable to (D) None of these (A) Urea (B) Fructose 23. Mitochondrial DNA is (C) Glucose (D) Potassium (A) Circular double stranded 31. The Golgi complex (B) Circular single stranded (A) Synthesizes proteins (C) Linear double helix (B) Produces ATP (D) None of these (C) Provides a pathway for transporting chemicals 24. The absorption of intact protein from the (D) Forms glycoproteins gut in the foetal and newborn animals 32. The following points about microfilaments takes place by are true except (A) Pinocytosis (B) Passive diffusion (A) They form cytoskeleton with microtubules (C) Simple diffusion (D) Active transport (B) They provide support and shape 25. The cellular organelles called “suicide (C) They form intracellular conducting channels bags” are (D) They are involved in muscle cell contraction (A) Lysosomes (B) Ribosomes 33. The following substances are cell (C) Nucleolus (D) Golgi’s bodies inclusions except 26. From the biological viewpoint, solutions (A) Melanin (B) Glycogen can be grouped into (C) Lipids (D) Centrosome (A) Isotonic solution 34. Fatty acids can be transported into and (B) Hypotonic solutions out of cell membrane by (C) Hypertonic solution (A) Active transport (B) Facilitated transport (D) All of these (C) Diffusion (D) Osmosis 27. Bulk transport across cell membrane is 35. Enzymes catalyzing electron transport accomplished by are present mainly in the (A) Phagocytosis (B) Pinocytosis (A) Ribosomes (C) Extrusion (D) All of these (B) Endoplasmic reticulum 28. The ability of the cell membrane to act as (C) Lysosomes a selective barrier depends upon (D) Inner mitochondrial membrane (A) The lipid composition of the membrane 36. Mature erythrocytes do not contain (B) The pores which allows small molecules (A) Glycolytic enzymes(B) HMP shunt enzymes (C) The special mediated transport systems (C) Pyridine nucleotide(D) ATP (D) All of these 37. In mammalian cells rRNA is produced 1. The general formula of monosaccharides mainly in the is (A) Endoplasmic reticulum (A) CnH2nOn (B) C2nH2On (B) Ribosome (C) CnH2O2n (D) CnH2nO2n (C) Nucleolus 2. The general formula of polysaccharides (D) Nucleus is 38. Genetic information of nuclear DNA is (A) (C6H10O5)n (B) (C6H12O5)n transmitted to the site of protein synthesis (C) (C6H10O6)n (D) (C6H10O6)n by 3. The aldose sugar is (A) rRNA (B) mRNA (A) Glycerose (B) Ribulose (C) tRNA (D) Polysomes (C) Erythrulose (D) Dihydoxyacetone 39. The power house of the cell is 4. A triose sugar is (A) Nucleus (B) Cell membrane (A) Glycerose (B) Ribose (C) Mitochondria (D) Lysosomes (C) Erythrose (D) Fructose 40. The digestive enzymes of cellular 5. A pentose sugar is compounds are confined to (A) Dihydroxyacetone (B) Ribulose (A) Lysosomes (B) Ribosomes (C) Erythrose (D) Glucose (C) Peroxisomes (D) Polysomes 6. The pentose sugar present mainly in the 9. Two sugars which differ from one another heart muscle is only in configuration around a single (A) Lyxose (B) Ribose carbon atom are termed (C) Arabinose (D) Xylose (A) Epimers (B) Anomers 7. Polysaccharides are (C) Optical isomers (D) Stereoisomers (A) Polymers (B) Acids 10. Isomers differing as a result of variations (C) Proteins (D) Oils in configuration of the —OH and —H on 8. The number of isomers of glucose is carbon atoms 2, 3 and 4 of glucose are (A) 2 (B) 4 known as (C) 8 (D) 16 (A) Epimers (B) Anomers 15. In glucose the orientation of the —H and (C) Optical isomers (D) Steroisomers —OH groups around the carbon atom 5 11. The most important epimer of glucose is adjacent to the terminal primary alcohol (A) Galactose (B) Fructose carbon determines (C) Arabinose (D) Xylose (A) D or L series 12. -D-glucose and -D-glucose are (B) Dextro or levorotatory (A) Stereoisomers (B) Epimers (C) and anomers (C) Anomers (D) Keto-aldo pairs (D) Epimers 13. -D-glucose + 1120 + 52.50 + 190 - 16. The carbohydrate of the blood group D-glucose for glucose above represents substances is (A) Optical isomerism (B) Mutarotation (A) Sucrose (B) Fucose (C) Epimerisation (D) D and L isomerism (C) Arabinose (D) Maltose 14. Compounds having the same structural 17. Erythromycin contains formula but differing in spatial (A) Dimethyl amino sugar configuration are known as (B) Trimethyl amino sugar (A) Stereoisomers (B) Anomers (C) Sterol and sugar (C) Optical isomers (D) Epimers (D) Glycerol and sugar 25. The monosaccharide units are linked by 18. A sugar alcohol is 1 4 glycosidic linkage in (A) Mannitol (B) Trehalose (A) Maltose (B) Sucrose (C) Xylulose (D) Arabinose (C) Cellulose (D) Cellobiose 19. The major sugar of insect hemolymph is 26. Which of the following is a non-reducing (A) Glycogen (B) Pectin sugar? (C) Trehalose (D) Sucrose (A) Isomaltose (B) Maltose 20. The sugar found in DNA is (C) Lactose (D) Trehalose (A) Xylose (B) Ribose 27. Which of the following is a reducing (C) Deoxyribose (D) Ribulose sugar? 21. The sugar found in RNA is (A) Sucrose (B) Trehalose (A) Ribose (B) Deoxyribose (C) Isomaltose (D) Agar (C) Ribulose (D) Erythrose 28. A dissaccharide formed by 1,1-glycosidic 22. The sugar found in milk is linkage between their monosaccharide (A) Galactose (B) Glucose units is (C) Fructose (D) Lactose (A) Lactose (B) Maltose 23. Invert sugar is (C) Trehalose (D) Sucrose (A) Lactose (B) Sucrose 29. A dissaccharide formed by 1,1-glycosidic (C) Hydrolytic products of sucrose linkage between their monosaccharide (D) Fructose units is 24. Sucrose consists of (A) Lactose (B) Maltose (A) Glucose + glucose (C) Trehalose (D) Sucrose (B) Glucose + fructose 30. Mutarotation refers to change in 34. The constituent unit of inulin is (A) pH (B) Optical rotation (A) Glucose (B) Fructose (C) Conductance (D) Chemical properties (C) Mannose (D) Galactose 31. A polysacchharide which is often called 35. The polysaccharide found in the animal starch is exoskeleton of invertebrates is (A) Glycogen (B) Starch (A) Pectin (B) Chitin (C) Inulin (D) Dextrin (C) Cellulose (D) Chondroitin sulphate 32. The homopolysaccharide used for 36. Which of the following is a heteroglycan? intravenous infusion as plasma substitute (A) Dextrins (B) Agar is (C) Inulin (D) Chitin (A) Agar (B) Inulin 37. The glycosaminoglycan which does not (C) Pectin (D) Starch contain uronic acid is 33. The polysaccharide used in assessing the (A) Dermatan sulphate glomerular fittration rate (GFR) is (B) Chondroitin sulphate (A) Glycogen (B) Agar (C) Keratan sulphate (C) Inulin (D) Hyaluronic acid (D) Heparan sulphate 43. A polymer of glucose synthesized by the 38. The glycosaminoglycan which does not action of leuconostoc mesenteroids in a contain uronic acid is sucrose medium is (A) Hyaluronic acid (A) Dextrans (B) Dextrin (B) Heparin (C) Chondroitin sulphate (C) Limit dextrin (D) Inulin (D) Dermatan sulphate 44. Glucose on reduction with sodium 39. Keratan sulphate is found in abundance amalgam forms in (A) Dulcitol (B) Sorbitol (A) Heart muscle (B) Liver (C) Mannitol (D) Mannitol and sorbitol (C) Adrenal cortex (D) Cornea 45. Glucose on oxidation does not give 40. Repeating units of hyaluronic acid are (A) Glycoside (B) Glucosaccharic acid (A) N-acetyl glucosamine and D-glucuronic acid (C) Gluconic acid (D) Glucuronic acid (B) N-acetyl galactosamine and D-glucuronic 46. Oxidation of galactose with conc HNO3 acid yields (C) N-acetyl glucosamine and galactose (A) Mucic acid (B) Glucuronic acid (D) N-acetyl galactosamine and L- iduronic acid (C) Saccharic acid (D) Gluconic acid 41. The approximate number of branches in 47. A positive Benedict’s test is not given by amylopectin is (A) Sucrose (B) Lactose (A) 10 (B) 20 (C) Maltose (D) Glucose (C) 40 (D) 80 48. Starch is a 42. In amylopectin the intervals of glucose (A) Polysaccharide (B) Monosaccharide units of each branch is (C) Disaccharide (D) None of these (A) 10–20 (B) 24–30 49. A positive Seliwanoff’s test is obtained (C) 30–40 (D) 40–50 with 54. ADH test is based on the measurement of (A) Glucose (B) Fructose (A) Specific gravity of urine (C) Lactose (D) Maltose (B) Concentration of urea in urine 50. Osazones are not formed with the (C) Concentration of urea in blood (A) Glucose (B) Fructose (D) Volume of urine in ml/minute (C) Sucrose (D) Lactose 55. The specific gravity of urine normally 51. The most abundant carbohydrate found ranges from in nature is (A) 0.900–0.999 (B) 1.003–1.030 (A) Starch (B) Glycogen (C) 1.000–1.001 (D) 1.101–1.120 (C) Cellulose (D) Chitin 56. Specific gravity of urine increases in 52. Impaired renal function is indicated when (A) Diabetes mellitus the amount of PSP excreted in the first 15 (B) Chronic glomerulonephritis minutes is (C) Compulsive polydypsia (A) 20% (B) 35% (D) Hypercalcemia (C) 40% (D) 45% 57. Fixation of specific gravity of urine to 53. An early feature of renal disease is 1.010 is found in (A) Impairment of the capacity of the tubule to (A) Diabetes insipidus perform osmotic work (B) Compulsive polydypsia 62. Fructose is present in hydrolysate of (C) Cystinosis (A) Sucrose (B) Inulin (D) Chronic glomerulonephritis (C) Both of the above (D) None of these 58. Addis test is the measure of 63. A carbohydrate found in DNA is (A) Impairment of the capacity of the tubule to (A) Ribose (B) Deoxyribose perform osmotic work (C) Ribulose (D) All of these (B) Secretory function of liver 64. Ribulose is a these (C) Excretory function of liver (A) Ketotetrose (B) Aldotetrose (D) Activity of parenchymal cells of liver (C) Ketopentose (D) Aldopentose 59. Number of stereoisomers of glucose is 65. A carbohydrate, commonly known as (A) 4 (B) 8 dextrose is (C) 16 (D) None of these (A) Dextrin (B) D-Fructose 60. Maltose can be formed by hydrolysis of (C) D-Glucose (D) Glycogen (A) Starch (B) Dextrin 66. A carbohydrate found only in milk is (C) Glycogen (D) All of these (A) Glucose (B) Galactose 61. α –D–Glucuronic acid is present in (C) Lactose (D) Maltose (A) Hyaluronic acid (B) Chondroitin sulphate 67. A carbohydrate, known commonly as (C) Heparin (D) All of these invert sugar, is 72. The carbon atom which becomes (A) Fructose (B) Sucrose asymmetric when the straight chain form (C) Glucose (D) Lactose of monosaccharide changes into ring 68. A heteropolysacchraide among the form is known as following is (A) Anomeric carbon atom (A) Inulin (B) Cellulose (B) Epimeric carbon atom (C) Heparin (D) Dextrin (C) Isomeric carbon atom 69. The predominant form of glucose in (D) None of these solution is 73. The smallest monosaccharide having (A) Acyclic form furanose ring structure is (B) Hydrated acyclic form (A) Erythrose (B) Ribose (C) Glucofuranose (C) Glucose (D) Fructose (D) Glucopyranose 74. Which of the following is an epimeric pair? 70. An L-isomer of monosaccharide formed in (A) Glucose and fructose human body is (B) Glucose and galactose (A) L-fructose (B) L-Erythrose (C) Galactose and mannose (C) L-Xylose (D) L-Xylulose (D) Lactose and maltose 71. Hyaluronic acid is found in 75. -Glycosidic bond is present in (A) Joints (B) Brain (A) Lactose (B) Maltose (C) Abdomen (D) Mouth (C) Sucrose (D) All of these 82. Lactate formed in muscles can be utilised 76. Branching occurs in glycogen through approximately (A) Rapoport-Luebeling cycle after every (B) Glucose-alanine cycle (A) Five glucose units (C) Cori’s cycle (B) Ten glucose units (D) Citric acid cycle (C) Fifteen glucose units 83. Glucose-6-phosphatase is not present in (D) Twenty glucose units (A) Liver and kidneys 77. N–Acetylglucosamnine is present in (B) Kidneys and muscles (A) Hyaluronic acid (B) Chondroitin sulphate (C) Kidneys and adipose tissue (C) Heparin (D) All of these (D) Muscles and adipose tissue 78. Iodine gives a red colour with 84. Pyruvate carboxylase is regulated by (A) Starch (B) Dextrin (A) Induction (B) Repression (C) Glycogen (D) Inulin (C) Allosteric regulation(D) All of these 79. Amylose is a constituent of 85. Fructose-2, 6-biphosphate is formed by (A) Starch (B) Cellulose the action of (C) Glycogen (D) None of these (A) Phosphofructokinase-1 80. Synovial fluid contains (B) Phosphofructokinase-2 (A) Heparin (C) Fructose biphosphate isomerase (B) Hyaluronic acid (D) Fructose-1, 6-biphosphatase (C) Chondroitin sulphate 86. The highest concentrations of fructose are (D) Keratin sulphate found in 81. Gluconeogenesis is decreased by (A) Aqueous humor (B) Vitreous humor (A) Glucagon (B) Epinephrine (C) Synovial fluid (D) Seminal fluid (C) Glucocorticoids (D) Insulin 87. Glucose uptake by liver cells is 91. Debranching enzyme is absent in (A) Energy-consuming (B) A saturable process (A) Cori’s disease (C) Insulin-dependent (D) Insulin-independent (B) Andersen’s disease 88. Renal threshold for glucose is decreased (C) Von Gierke’s disease in (D) Her’s disease (A) Diabetes mellitus (B) Insulinoma 92. McArdle’s disease is due to the deficiency (C) Renal glycosuria (D) Alimentary glycosuria of 89. Active uptake of glucose is inhibited by (A) Glucose-6-phosphatase (A) Ouabain (B) Phlorrizin (B) Phosphofructokinase (C) Digoxin (D) Alloxan (C) Liver phosphorylase 90. Glucose-6-phosphatase is absent or (D) muscle phosphorylase deficient in 93. Tautomerisation is (A) Von Gierke’s disease (A) Shift of hydrogen (B) Shift of carbon (B) Pompe’s disease (C) Shift of both (D) None of these (C) Cori’s disease 94. In essential pentosuria, urine contains (D) McArdle’s disease (A) D-Ribose (B) D-Xylulose 100. An amphibolic pathway among the (C) L-Xylulose (D) D-Xylose following is 95. Action of salivary amylase on starch leads (A) HMP shunt (B) Glycolysis to the formation of (C) Citirc acid cycle (D) Gluconeogenesis (A) Maltose (B) Maltotriose 101. Cori’s cycle transfers (C) Both of the above (D) Neither of these (A) Glucose from muscles to liver 96. Congenital galactosaemia can lead to (B) Lactate from muscles to liver (A) Mental retardation (C) Lactate from liver to muscles (B) Premature cataract (D) Pyruvate from liver to muscles (C) Death 102. Excessive intake of ethanol increases the (D) All of the above ratio: 97. Uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) is (A) NADH : NAD+ (B) NAD+ : NADH (A) Required for metabolism of galactose (C) FADH2 : FAD (D) FAD : FADH2 (B) Required for synthesis of glucuronic acid 103. Ethanol decreases gluconeogenesis by (C) A substrate for glycogen synthetase (A) Inhibiting glucose-6-phosphatase (D) All of the above (B) Inhibiting PEP carboxykinase 98. Catalytic activity of salivary amylase (C) Converting NAD+ into NADH and decreasing requires the presence of the availability of pyruvate (A) Chloride ions (B) Bromide ions (D) Converting NAD+ into NADH and decreasing (C) Iodide ions (D) All of these the availability of lactate 99. The following is actively absorbed in the 104. Glycogenin is intestine: (A) Uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation (A) Fructose (B) Mannose (B) Polymer of glycogen molecules (C) Galactose (D) None of these (C) Protein primer for glycogen synthesis (D) Intermediate in glycogen breakdown 105. During starvation, ketone bodies are used as a fuel by (A) Erythrocytes (B) Brain (C) Liver (D) All of these 106. Animal fat is in general (A) Poor in saturated and rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (B) Rich in saturated and poor in polyunsaturated fatty acids (C) Rich in saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (D) Poor in