The Rock forming

Minerals
PREPARED BY: JEROME A. BIGAEL, LEYTE PROGRESSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
 Minerals
 These are naturally
occurring inorganic
solids with crystalline
structure, and chemical
composition which may
be fixed or vary within
certain limits.
Inorganic means not consisting of or
deriving from living matter.
A mineral is a naturally occurring
chemical compound, usually of
crystalline form and abiogenic in
origin.
Amineral has one specific chemical
composition, whereas a rock can be
an aggregate of
different minerals or mineraloids.
The study of minerals is called
mineralogy.
 Why are they considered
natural ?
They are considered natural
because they are formed by
natural geological process.
Minerals are the building blocks
of rocks
Minerals undergo different
geological processes and become
part of or develop into rocks, in
which case they become known as
“rock-forming minerals”.
ore
a naturally occurring solid
material from which a metal or
valuable mineral can be
profitably extracted.
Not all rock-forming minerals
contain various types and
amounts of minerals that may be
useful to man.
Ifthe minerals found in these
rocks are rich with one or more
useful materials, they are referred
to as mineral resource.
 Most of the mineral resources used as
raw materials for buildings and other
structures require the application of
geological principles and they go
through various processes before they
can be used as materials.
 Some materials
do not need or
require little
processing
such as
gemstones.
Examples of rock-forming
minerals:

Topaz
Quartz
Talc
Pyrite
Topaz

Used as a
gemstone in
jewelry.
Quartz

Quartz makes
an excellent
gemstone.
Talc
 used as an ingredient in
ceramics, paper, paint,
roofing, plastics,
cosmetics, talcum and baby
powders, and a variety of
other assorted uses such as
making rubber and plastics.
Pyrite
Pyrite used to
be an important
ore for
the production
of sulfur and
sulfuric acid.
Some sulfur continues to be
produced from pyrite as a
byproduct of gold production.
The most important use of pyrite
is as an ore of gold.
2 groups of Mineral Resources

MetallicMineral sources
Non-Metallic mineral
resources
Metallic Mineral resources

Are hard, ductile and malleable

pure substances that are melted
to obtain new products.
 These minerals possess metallic a metallic
luster, contain metals in their composition,
and are potential source of the metal that can
be obtained through mining.
 Metallic rocks are usually associated with
igneous rocks.
Examples

Gold Lead
Iron Zinc
Silver Nickel
Copper Aluminum
Classification of metallic
minerals:

Ferrous minerals
Non ferrous minerals
Ferrous Minerals

Minerals that contain iron.

Examples are iron ore, manganese,
and chromites
Manganese Chromites
Non ferrous mineral resources:

Minerals that do not contain iron.

Gold, silver, copper and lead
Non Metallic mineral resources

Do not have the properties of the

metallic minerals and thus can be
easily disintegrated or broken into
pieces.
They are usually associated
with sedimentary rocks
Examples:
Coal, clay, salt and marble